[Chinese abstract not available] With the American psychologist Erich Fromm's humanistic ethics as a point of reference, this article analyzes >The Winter of Our Discontent< (1961), John Steinbeck's final work of fiction. This novel focuses on protagonist Ethan Allen Hawley as he succumbs to the influence of corrupt social values and thereby fails to actualize his primary potentiality for goodness. At the novel's end, however, as he is on the verge of suicide, he thinks about the innocence of his daughter, Ellen, and experiences an epiphany of light that leads to a realization of love for self and others. Overcoming his sense of alienation from the good, he embarks on a course of active freedom that will enable him to go on with his life. Steinbeck's exquisite depiction of Ethan's moral development reflects his own ethical concerns about the well-being of his beloved America. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 9/2023]
The authoress of this article has attempted to read the play by an American playwright Eugene O’Neill in the light of the concept of love as proposed by Erich Fromm in 1956. This German philosopher argued that the only way to escape loneliness, a feeling to which everybody is doomed, is to unite oneself with another person in love. In a popular publication, titled >The Art of Loving<, Fromm describes various forms of love. >Desire Under the Elms< – a play written more than three decades before Fromm’s publication – seems to illustrate these philosophical considerations. Such a view on O’Neill’s work allows to notice its human dimension, and perceive its protagonists as an embodiment of the universal human condition.
In this paper, I compare two theories of ideal love, the Platonic and Frommian, and argue that they give opposite advices to lovers in practice. While Plato emphasizes >whom to love< and urges one to continuously look for a better beloved, Erich Fromm emphasizes >how to love< and urges one to grow and change with one’s imperfect lover. Using the movie >Her< as an example, I explain why an ideal love is extremely difficult to attain under the guidance of the Platonic and Frommian ideals. In an imperfect love, to leave or to stay seems to be a question with no simple answer.
En este artículo se trabaja con la pulsión de muerte, tan importante en el arte moderno, a través de Las Hurdes, tierra sin pan de Luis Buñuel. Se registran las formas más significativas en que dicha pulsión aparece en el mencionado documental y se tematizan en torno a la dualidad entre biofilia y necrofilia (entendida en sentido general, no sólo sexual) de Erich Fromm. Finalmente paso a una deconstrucción de dicha dualidad, o sea, a mostrar sus limitaciones como polaridad jerárquica.
Tantangan terbesar Bangsa Indonesia ke depan adalah mempertahankan keutuhan NKRI ini ditengah-tengah bermunculannya gejolak disintegrasi bangsa. Perlu ditegaskan kembali bahwa Indonesia adalah bangsa yang majemuk dan kemajemukan bangsa ini telah melahirkan kebesaran dan kekokohan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia yang lahir berdasarkan kesepakatan para founding father negeri ini yang kemudian diwariskan kepada kita. Nilai-nilai kebhinekaan yang tertuang dalam lambang dan dasar negara kita telah banyak mengajarkan bahwa Indonesia bangsa yang majemuk sehingga perlu dijaga nilai-nilai kemajemukan melalui ikatan sosial kebangsaan atau kesalehan sosial. Upaya meneguhkan kembali jati diri ke-Bhineka-an Indonesia di tengahtengah gejolak disintegrasi bangsa saat ini bisa digali berbagai dimensi salah satunya membangun ikatan sosial melalui perwujudan karakter sosial dengan menularkan doktrin karakter sosial antara lain: >love (kasih saying), justice (keadilan), equality (kesamaan), and sacrifice (sikap rela berkorban)<. Bahwa konsepsi karakter sosial sejalan dengan nilai-nilai Falsafah Pancasila mengisyaratkan upaya memperkuat jati diri kemanusiawian. Menebarkan doktrin kasih sayang, sikap adil, persamaan dan sikap rela berkorban dapat menjaga nilai-nilai >human relationship<. Berdasarkan pemikiran tersebut bahwa nilai-nilai karakter sosial dapat digali dan dimplementasikan melalui pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi untuk meneguhkan kembali jati diri ke-Bhineka-an bagi bangsa Indonesia khususnya generasi muda mahasiswa agar memiliki kemampuan untuk hidup bersama dalam lingkungan sebayanya, orang tua dan lingkungan masyarakatnya secara luas.
This chapter explores a fundamental alternative philosophy of the subject. Drawing inspiration from Adorno’s critical theory and from Fromm’s social psychology, Smith offers a contemporary, cross-disciplinary study of the subject, including the individual’s relation with society and social development. What emerges is a deeply insightful approach to understanding social interaction, developmental psychology and the problem of ego colonization. Enriching arguments laid out in early chapters, Smith employs a methodologically innovative conception of the development of the subject: from its (de)formation and early childhood development to more practical issues such as compassion fatigue, deficits of reason and empathy. Smith shows how negative social conditions foster emotionally overwhelmed individuals – a deeply repressed, closed, traumatized subject. This chapter also covers other important practical issues, such as the problem of economic coercion, pathological reproduction, cycles of domination and violence, and the everyday effects of >needless suffering< on the psyche.
Alan Watts’ seminal text >Psychotherapy East and West<was authored near Humanistic Psychology’s beginnings, also a transformational time for psychotherapy theory and practice. Watts fostered appreciation for Eastern philosophical traditions, particularly in relation to self, identity, and counterculture. In this article, contributions of innovative thinkers cited by Watts, including Gregory Bateson, Erich Fromm, Jay Haley, George Herbert Mead, Rollo May, and Carl Rogers, are highlighted and historically situated toward tracking threads of contemporary influence vis-à-vis social construction, brief therapy, and therapeutic simplicity. The article begins with a brief note on Watts’ countercultural positioning.
The analysis project >Motherly Love in Edgar Allan Poe's 'To My Mother'< examines the intrinsic elements and the concept of motherly love in the poem >To My Mother< by Edgar Allan Poe. The author uses literature study as a method of collecting data and information about research objects through books and the internet. The author uses a literary psychology approach with Erich Fromm's theory of love to find out the love that a mother gives to her child. From the results of the analysis, the author found the concept of love given by a mother to her child, in this poem not all children get the love of a mother from their biological mother, but there are other people who are able to replace the mother's role and give love to a child even though the child is not is his biological child. The concept of love that the writer finds is in accordance with the concept of motherly love, Erich Fromm's theory of love. [Google translator, 1/2023]
This article is based on a doctoral thesis entitled Erich Fromm’s socialist humanism. >Cuius regio eius religio<. It shows how Willi Münzenberg pushed the intellectuals into the communist ideology, as it was never done before. It was motivated by the search of an Utopia that aiming to overcome the old values will allow to get the control over them. The Soviet Union manipulated the sense of solidarity, peace and a solid opposition to war and fascism in order to incorporate supporters and collaborators into its political aims.