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A Fond Farewell
(2001)
Adolescent Trauma in Japanese Schools: Two Case Studies of Ijime (Bullying) and School Refusal
(2001)
Instruments designed to measure Fromm's marketing character (SCOI; Saunders & Munro, 2000) and the vertical and horizontal dimensions of Individualism and Collectivism (Singelis, Triandis, Bhawuk & Gelfand, 1995) were administered to 167 Ss. The hypothesis that scores on the SCOI would be positively correlated with Vertical Individualism was supported. However, there was only partial support for the hypothesis that scores on the SCOI would be positively correlated with Individualism, as the SCOI scores had the same relationship with Collectivism – which was unexpected.
During the final years of Weimar Germany, two Marxian psychoanalysts, Wilhelm Reich and Erich Fromm, proposed related psychodynamic models of an ‘authoritarian character structure’ in their attempts to account for the attraction of Germany's lower middle class to Hitler. Subsequent development by the exiled Frankfurt Institute's Critical Theorists linked up with empirical research on antisemitism by psychologists at the University of California. In 1950, the Berkeley Group (Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswik, Levinson, and Sanford) produced a massive volume entitled initially >The Antidemocratic Personality< and then >The Authoritarian Personality<. Soon the highly praised work inspired literally thousands of research reports of sometimes indiscriminate applications. Later, it also stimulated related work abroad, especially in West Germany. But the theory gradually succumbed to methodological criticism, spotty empirical confirmation, and changed societal priorities. More recently, attempts to revive the Authoritarian Personality failed to make much headway. Social psychological textbooks of the 1990s usually devote only a few – respectful – paragraphs to it. Although it had been an intriguing idea, promising some understanding of major historical-political developments, its empirical applications had failed to be convincing.
This article examines the psychological profile of those who voluntarily, as adults, decide to participate in & accept the demands of an organization such as Opus Dei. The author begins by looking at the work of Erich Fromm & his description of the social receptive character. The Secon part of the article studies the construction of the (ideal) family model within Opus Dei, with refer-ence to the process of socialization of Secon-generation members. With this in mind, the author has chosen the collection of texts >Hacer Familia< (Building a Family); the material presented allows the construction of a useful family model, which could be used as an interpretive tool. The categories created & applied by the author are: (a) the question of matrimonial vocation; (b) the functioning of roles within the family structure; & (c) the role of the family as principal so-cializing agent.
The twentieth century is notable for the widespread growth of market-driven economies which have been associated with dramatic shifts in values both within and across cultures. The present study (N=101) aimed to assess the relationship between a measure of Fromm's (1955) marketing character (the SCOI) and Rokeach values. The hypothesis that the Rokeach value >Equality< would be ranked low when considered in terms of scores on the SCOI was supported, suggesting that social comparisons made in the consumer domain are made with the aim of determining relative success or failure rather than equality.
As we face the past in considering the events of the 20th century, we tend to continue to describe armed conflicts as theatres of war, our backs to the future. Such descriptions presuppose that we are capable of speaking about how the actions are staged and performed and that the experience of such events is not only presentable but also capable of representation. As we look back through the debris, we also notice another tendency, i.e., that genocides frequently have been associated with actions of modern war and rationalized and justified as necessary extensions of violent struggles for survival. This has been no less the case in, most recently, the Balkans, than during the 1970s in Rwanda or Cambodia and from 1939–45 in Nazi Germany.– Speaking of genocide as a kind of >theatre<, however, seems even more absurd than referring to the performative acts of war in terms of protagonistic and antagonistic actors, directors, spectators, and impartial critics of the whole process. But what other choice do we have than to deal with the terms of absurdity? Are we not constrained in our engagements with others to act in one way or another through exercising simulation or dissimulation, revealing or concealing our intentions or desires behind the masks which we daily don? Are we not forced to admit and confront what are considered human aberrations from our stipulations of normal human behaviour? Are we not also then constrained to engage again and again in the difficult tasks of expression and interpretation of signs and gestures? Given that constraint, in the intermingling of our roles as actor, spectator and critic, then, we present and perceive public faces which are marked and masked with lines and traces of our ethical relations.
Idealization and Reverence
(2001)
Introduction
(2001)
Introduction
(2001)
Letter to the Editor
(2001)
Letter to the Editor
(2001)
Murder and Memory
(2001)