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Donald Trump and his followers who never waiver stand at 41.5% of the US population (Fivethirtyeight.com), the embodiment of a lust for power and fame and the minions who crave fulfillment through his arrogant and belligerent antics. Speaking from the mid-Twentieth century, Fromm offers a starting point for our discussion of the present day, centered on the social-psychological intersection where everyday people recreate the systems upon which they both depend, and which may very well destroy them.
Die Entstehungs- und Entwicklungsgeschichte der International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) ist bisher nicht ausführlich und zusammenhängend beschrieben worden. Es handelt sich um eine internationale psychoanalytische Föderation, in der sich psychoana-lytische Ausbildungsinstitute und psychoanalytische Gesellschaften assoziiert haben, die nicht Mitglied in der großen, traditionsreichen International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA) werden konnten oder wollten. Meist hatte dies mit Ansichten und Haltungen zu tun, die von der >orthodoxen< und von der IPA definierten psychoanalytischen Lehrmeinung abwichen. Das Grundprinzip der IFPS war von Beginn an geprägt von Offenheit und Toleranz neuen psychoanalytischen Konzepten und Methoden gegenüber und von Nichteinmischung in die Ausbildungsfragen der einzelnen Mitgliedsinstitute. Die IFPS wird 1962 von international tätigen, aber allesamt deutschsprachigen Psychoanalytikern gegründet. Die erste Satzung der IFPS wird 1974 noch auf Deutsch formuliert. Inzwischen ist die Verständigungssprache zum Englischen gewechselt und es gehören der IFPS insgesamt 28 psychoanalytische Institute und Gesellschaften an, viele davon aus dem englisch- und spanischsprachigen Raum. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Gründungsgeschichte der IFPS und die ersten 20 Jahre ihres Bestehens anhand von Archivmaterial nachvollzogen, das die Archivkommission der IFPS zusammengetragen hat. Zunächst geht es um die Vorgeschichte der Gründung, in der die Grundsätze der neuen internationalen Gemeinschaft bereits diskutiert und formuliert werden und in der erste Konflikte mit anderen psychoanalytischen Vereinigungen auftauchen. Dann werden die Gründer, ihre theoretischen Standpunkte und ihre Schwierigkeiten miteinander vorgestellt. Alle ein bis vier Jahre werden größere oder kleinere Tagungen durch die IFPS abgehalten. Diese Tagungen werden hinsichtlich ihres inhaltlichen und organisatorischen Rahmens dargestellt. Die Vorträge der ersten Tagungen werden in Auswahl in sechs Bänden veröffentlicht. Erst 1992 entsteht die vierteljährliche Zeitschrift der IFPS, das >International Forum of Psychoanalysis<. Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der IFPS zeigt die Struktur, den Charakter und die theoretischen Eigenheiten dieser Föderation. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit werden die inhaltlichen Unterschiede zwischen der >orthodoxen< psychoanalytischen Lehre und den Lehren der >Dissidenten< der Psychoanalyse herausgearbeitet. Einige der >Dissidenten< waren Gedankengeber für die IFPS, einige waren und sind deren Mitglieder. Die Unterscheidung zwischen >orthodoxen< und >dissidenten< psychoanalytischen Theorien wird problematisiert und in Frage gestellt.
Realist scholars are increasingly turning their attention to Pierre Bourdieu's concept of habitus or dispositions as a way of theorizing thought and behaviour. In this article, the author offers a contribution, based on Erich Fromm's social psychology, to the realist theory of habitus. The author argues that while Bourdieu and Fromm both see the quest for meaning as the source of subjectivity in social life, Fromm goes further than Bourdieu in analysing the psychodynamic consequences of the acquisition of habitus. Fromm provides additional tools to understand the properties of habitus that emerge from its interaction with primary psychological needs. Principally, Fromm's work reveals an undertheorized set of emergent properties of habitus.
Prefacio
(2018)
Dialektische Psychologie. Adornos Rezeption der Psychoanalyse, Wiesbaden (Springer) 2018, 764 pp.
(2018)
Patients contribute to analytic endeavors through a knowledge of their own unique ways of organizing their experience, of building an intersubjective space with significant others, of the type of life that they consider worth living, and primarily of their specific passions and yearnings. The more that therapists allow the patients’ unique self-knowledge to influence their therapeutic perceptions and decisions, the further they will advance patients’ status as co-experts working together with the therapist to create and formulate new, richer knowledge. In the present article, it is suggested that one of the main reasons why patients’ self-knowledge is excluded from the therapeutic dialogue is that the persuasive power of the therapists’ rich and deep knowledge challenges the patients’ self-authority. Through an illustrative vignette, therapists are recommended to use a metacommunication intervention to restore the balance that has been undermined between the therapist’s authority and the patient’s self-authority.
Analytic therapy enables patients to relive and repair failures to promote their mentalization by parental figures. However, therapists also fail temporarily to provide the patients with a growth-promoting environment when their patterns of reflexivity on the patients’ experience are undermined. These temporary failures create new opportunities for therapists to access unformulated knowledge about their patients’ experiences and enrich their reflexivity on them, and for the patients to promote their ability to hold themselves in their own minds.
The 50-minute hour is a feature of psychoanalytic work that is most commonly discussed in the context of case reports. This paper examines it as a concept. The author starts by describing the origin of the 50-minute hour and its development as an element of the psychoanalytic setting or framework. Next, he considers the significance of the clock as a relational factor in the session and reflects on the alienness of the time of day to the unconscious, and the consequences of this alienness. He then uses a clinical example to illustrate the phenomenon of the stretching effect of time in analytic sessions. Finally, the author demonstrates how cleverly the 50-minute hour excises the time needed for unconscious processes from our accelerated present; he shows that it challenges the social convention of time, and has a structuring effect in that it >times< psychic processes.
In this article we will explore the postmodern conception of the >death< of the subject and the fol-lowing postmodern philosophical premises: the critique of the master narratives, the critique of metaphysics, the deconstruction of foundationalism, and the critique of the Enlightenment notion of the autonomous and free subject. In the central part of the article we will explore the limitations of the postmodern philosophy and introduce Fromm’s notion of the birth of the self in the time-history continuum. Contrary to the postmodern philosophy, we will insist on Fromm’s non-essentialist notion of being as a paradox and on the notion of the human agency which is crucial for the psychoanalytic (therapeutic) work and a personal transformation.
Die Produktion der Zukunft
(2018)
Posing the question of the possibility of transference at the moment of a decompensation, the author proposes rethinking the psychiatric concept of >unmotivated laughter< in light of psychoanalytic experience, taking a case study as a point of departure. In the present research, the intention is to understand the rule of laughter outside the conception of the joke (Witz), by tracing the trajectory of the conceptualization of laughter from Freudian to Lacanian psychoanalysis. This review is needed in order to understand an experience of interpretation of laughter at the time of a decompensation in the schizophrenia of an adolescent, in which (un)motivated laughter formed a symptom. >Jouissance-laughter< necessitates changing the psychiatric understanding of laughter in schizophrenia, where its motivation is not what is comical in the here-and-now. In this laughter, the humorous or comic response of the clinician becomes an interpretation. Published online: 18 Apr 2018.
One of the perennial questions in Shakespeare studies concerns what Coleridge called the >motiveless malignity< of Iago. Instead of looking at Iago as an individual, however, I will argue that he is best understood as a representation of the >social character< of early modern bourgeois man. Iago’s denial of spiritual values and his mercenary nature can be understood in this light. Fromm’s theses concerning the interconnections among anal libido, the death instinct, malignant aggression, and necrophilia all find support in Shake-speare’s supreme villain.
This paper examines how clinicians can arrive at effective therapeutic action by means other than spoken language. The paper presents a view that resonating affective states promote intimacy in the therapeutic encounter and is in fact a vital part of the curative process of psychotherapy. This emotional interchange supplements traditional notions of insight by adding an aspect of an >embodied self< who knows. A clinical case that demonstrates this view is presented and discussed.
This paper presents Fromm’s (1900–1980) ap-proach to religion and religiosity, in light of Hermann Cohen (1842–1918) thought. Despite differences in their thought, Cohen and Fromm share some things in common. Their critique of culture is based on a unique definition of das Individuum, the human condition. They demon-strate a cautious approach to modernity and progress.
This paper presents Fromm’s (1900–1980) ap-proach to religion and religiosity, in light of Hermann Cohen (1842–1918) thought. Despite differences in their thought, Cohen and Fromm share some things in common. Their critique of culture is based on a unique definition of das Individuum, the human condition. They demon-strate a cautious approach to modernity and progress.
In proposing a refounding of psychoanalysis within a humanist perspective, the author suggests a comparison between Elie Wiesel’s discussion of concepts such as witnessing, testimony, and memory as redemption, and Sandor Ferenczi’s idea of the therapist as >benevolent and useful witness,< who, thanks to his/her true empathic and committed participation, in contrast to Freud’s neutrality, enables the patient to achieve real awareness of the split parts within him- or herself, as well as an integration of the fragmentation due to trauma. Against >indifference,< the practice of connectedness, responsibility, memory, love, and forgiveness as true elaboration of trauma and >going beyond< are proposed as tools towards a >persistence of the human< in a world of increasing dehumanization.
I examined a better therapeutic approach for addressing the heart-rending emotional state of a client exposed to serious traumatic experiences during early childhood without experiencing affect attunement from surrounding adults. The clinical case describes a woman in her early 20s who had lost her memory of past sexual abuse by her father. She visited an on-campus student counseling room complaining of feeling she was >not herself.< This paper focuses on intersubjective exchanges involving moments when her traumatic experiences were about to be revived during weekly face-to-face psychoanalytic psychotherapy. I took note of the joint attention that developed between us concerning my attunement with her painful emotional experiences. We eventually shared subjective affective states fostered within a safe mental space. Using this as a starting point, we traced the process by which she came to accept the painful memories and associated experiences surrounding the heart-wrenching affect that she had had no choice but to >shroud in darkness,< as well as accepting her feelings of reality. I made use of knowledge from infant research shedding light on how two people can instantly mutually influence their actions and behaviors, and explored, in great detail, what sort of implicit relatedness had developed between us.
This discussion explores and compares the explicit interpersonal method of psychoanalysis of Harry Stack Sullivan and the implicit and until now insufficiently recognized interpersonal method of Sigmund Freud. Interpersonal means interaction via expression of feelings, emotions, and actions, gestures of body and face, and words. The centrality of emotions as motives and movers or action suggests redefining psychic reality as emotional reality. While Freud did not have the word >interpersonal,< invented by Sullivan, he nevertheless acted as an interpersonal psychotherapist both in his prepsychoanalytic period and, thereafter, from his beginnings as a psychoanalyst in 1893. The other purpose of this paper is to promote a new era of collaboration and cross-fertilization between the IPA and other psychoanalytic authors and organizations.