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- 2002 (424) (remove)
Psychoanalysis can contribute quite a lot to the question of values and to a theory of ethics. While the first part of this presentation is focused on the impact psychoanalysis continues to exert on present day ethical theory, the second part discusses Erich Fromm’s particular approach to psychoanalysis. Fromm was the first to reformulate in his psychoanalytic approach the idea of an ethic of the virtues. With his theory of character (and of social character) he made values an integral part of psychoanalytic theory. Hence, what matters most morally from a psychoanalytic stance is the quality of character orientation. Despite the fact that – in Fromm’s own socio-psychoanalytic approach – man’s character is the product of adaptation to the environment, morality for him is dictated by economic and social requirements – whatever common sense may tell us to the contrary. For Fromm there is an intrinsic primary tendency to growth in all human beings. Thus, morally good is whatever furthers the growth of our own powers by which we relate to the outside world and to ourselves in a loving, >sane< and creative way. The last section reflects some implications of Fromm’s approach to understanding values as an integral part of psychoanalytic theory, and finally discusses whether the search for truth and human values is as obsolete as postmodern thinking claims.
Einführung in die Tagung,
(2002)
Um Erich Fromms Beitrag zur Psychoanalytischen Pädagogik zu erheben, wird zunächst aufgezeigt, dass sich eine am Sein orientierte Erziehung nur von den Wirkungen her definieren lässt, die ein konkretes pädagogisches oder didaktisches Tun zeitigt. Die aufgezeigten Wirkungen einer am Sein orientierten Erziehung stellen zugleich Leitwerte psychisch gelingenden Lebens und Zusammenlebens dar, während eine Orientierung am Haben zu einer Entfremdung des Menschen von seinen Eigenkräften und vom anderen Menschen führt.—Die die Entfremdung des Menschen fördernde Psychodynamik der Orientierung am Haben wird im Hauptteil zum einen am Beispiel autoritärer Strukturen verdeutlicht, zum anderen für Strukturen aufgewiesen, die vom Marketing bestimmt sind. Hierbei werden noch einmal zwei verschiedene Arten der Marketing-Orientierung unterschieden: die produktorientierte und die Wirklichkeit inszenierende. Da gerade letztere immer dominanter wird, werden abschließend hierzu schulpädagogische Hinweise für eine Erziehung zur Orientierung am Sein gegeben.
Marketing needs to recognise the changing priority of consumption. The belief that markets are secure because consumers will continue to be motivated to have an ever-greater array and quantity of goods and services is a shortsighted and erroneous assumption. Consumers are increasingly looking to the market to provide resources and technologies that will enable them to achieve rewarding and sustainable states of 'being'. Drawing on the humanist philosophy of Erich Fromm, this paper advances the case for a 'Marketing of Being', based on a detailed discussion of the changing nature of consumer identity and identification behaviour.
Wir leben in einer Welt, in der die Unterwerfung des Menschen unter Herrschaft und Macht, unter den Rhythmus der Maschine, unter die Zwänge einer Konsumgesellschaft alternativlos erscheint. Dieses Leben wird nicht als Unterwerfung empfunden, sondern als Sinn unseres Daseins. Ein patriarchalisches mechanistisches Weltbild konnte über Jahrhunderte ganzheitliches Sein entwerten. Die Natur wird in nie gekanntem Ausmaß unterworfen, manipuliert, als verwertbare und damit konsumierbare Ressource betrachtet. Handwerk als Kunst gibt es kaum noch. Die Glorifizierung der Maschine, Technik und Hochtechnologie als vermeintliche Gipfel der menschlichen Entwicklung haben einen bisher nicht gekannten Höhepunkt erreicht, einhergehend mit tiefer Entfremdung und einer weiteren Entwertung von Kreativität, Muße, Sinnlichkeit, von allem, was nicht in Geld umsetzbar ist.—Der Band mit Beiträgen diverser Foren (u. a. der Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung Berlin) zum Werk von Erich Fromm, der sich als ein radikaler Kritiker der konsumorientierten Industriegesellschaft verstanden hatte, greift diese Problematik auf. Fromm plädierte nicht für ein Leben in Askese bei Wasser und Brot, sondern für eine Abkehr von Besitzorientierung im weitesten Sinne, um das Wiedererlangen von Beziehungsfähigkeit, Geborgenheit, Genussfähigkeit, Sensibilität für Kunst, Kultur, Natur. Der ihm gewidmete Band liefert zahlreiche Anregungen hierzu. (Elke Wolf).
Einleitung
(2002)
The author considers both the psychoanalytic field and the ways in which the characters of a psychoanalytic session can be understood. He then develops one of Bion's ideas, the dream in the waking state, by isolating the derivatives of such dreams or rather the alpha elements they consist of. The author implies a theory of technique which takes account of all the signals >the bi-personal field< gives the analyst about the functioning of the analytic couple by means of >narrative derivatives<. This enables continual changes to be made in interpretation
Our profession is being challenged theoretically and by practical realities. Many of its basic premises are being questioned and a hostile managed care bureaucracy has been curtailing treatment opportunities. These challenges force a latent issue into full view: Is psychoanalytic wisdom tied to its dogma and technical rituals or can much of its wisdom be integrated into a more inclusive interdisciplinary perspective? Psychoanalysis has a history of resisting change. It defined too early what was and what was not to be considered psychoanalysis. Dogmatization made idols out of theories and the rituals of techniques. Theories are valuable tools only and not scientific truth. While in-stitutes and official sanctions have lacked in open-mindedness, the unofficial practicing psychoanalyst has been far more creative in adapting psychoanaly-sis to the patient's needs and embracing the freedom to develop his or her idio-syncratic ways, wisdom, and skills. We need to increase our therapeutic reper-toire beyond those that carry the label of psychoanalysis. I present some con-siderations that derive from my experience as a psychoanalytically trained dy-namic psychotherapist.
Our profession is being challenged theoretically and by practical realities. Many of its basic premises are being questioned and a hostile managed care bureaucracy has been curtailing treatment opportunities. These challenges force a latent issue into full view: Is psychoanalytic wisdom tied to its dogma and technical rituals or can much of its wisdom be integrated into a more inclusive interdisciplinary perspective? Psychoanalysis has a history of resisting change. It defined too early what was and what was not to be considered psychoanalysis. Dogmatization made idols out of theories and the rituals of techniques. Theories are valuable tools only and not scientific truth. While institutes and official sanctions have lacked in open-mindedness, the unofficial practicing psychoanalyst has been far more creative in adapting psychoanalysis to the patient's needs and embracing the freedom to develop his or her idiosyncratic ways, wisdom, and skills. We need to increase our therapeutic repertoire beyond those that carry the label of psychoanalysis. I present some considerations that derive from my experience as a psychoanalytically trained dynamic psychotherapist.
>Switch Him On!<
(2002)
In this article, the author describes somber scenes that have been extracted from Brazilian reality. Some of the elements that compose these scenes have been analyzed as to their relation with contemporaneity and psychoanalytic topics of interest: perversion, helplessness, pain, life instinct, death instinct, humor and indifference.