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Society as Destiny
(1992)
Investigated is Erich FROMM's concept of social character (see, eg, >The Sane Society<, New York: Rinehart, 1955), which refers to aspects of personality shared in a society, or subsociety, due to socialization effects resulting from common exposure to the same institutional practices, notably to efforts of economic institutions. FROMM proposes that within complex Western societies, the same language is used differently in differing socioeconomic groups. These theses are tested against the results of several empirical studies, including one that compared the treatment of psychiatric patients of middle- and lower-class origins (Grey, Alan, >Social Class and the Psychiatric Patient: A Study in Composite Character<, Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 1966, 2, 87-121). Results indicate that FROMM's prediction of greater alienation among the middle class is not sustained, but that there are other significant class differences. In general, FROMM's conceptualization provides a useful tool for integrating social science with clinical psychoanalysis.
Prefacio
(1992)
Analizan el carácter social de la Alemania unificada. Está en México Rainer Funk, seguidor de Fromm
(1992)
Research indicates that there is no clear relationship between fees and therapy effectiveness, although fees do impact the therapeutic process. By integrating E. FROMM's (1947) personality theory with a typology of client dynamics in response to fees, it is suggested that therapists are aided in the conceptualization of client dynamics and are able to develop proactive treatment interventions. For example, receptive clients may use fees to get attention, to foster helplessness, or to maintain ties with the therapist in the therapeutic relationship. Dynamics of exploitative, hoarding, and marketing clients are also outlined. A major benefit of the typology is that therapists can assess, evaluate, and interpret clients' dynamics in terms of goals, needs, feelings, and behavioral expressions.
Fromm Concept of Biophilia
(1992)
Erich Fromm's Contribution to Relational Perspectives in Psychoanalysis Typescript 1992, 24 p.
(1992)
Erich Fromm (1900-1980), a man of the twentieth century, lived professionally as a psychologist-psychoanalyst-social activist from the World War I and Weimar Re-public years in Frankfurt, Heidelberg and Berlin, Germany; through the World War II and early cold war-Communist witch-hunt years in New York City; through the sixties in Mexico City as Director of the Department of Psychoanalysis at the University of Mexico School of Medicine; and the last decade of his life in Switzerland where he taught visiting psychoanalysts and thoughtfully spoke to the freedom of the then West German peoples. He practiced, taught and wrote about psychoanalysis most of these years, developing several social character types in-terfacing with the culture of the country and the times, all the while trying to differen-tiate health from pathology in the individual patient and in the society in which he lived. His Secon major area of thought lay in the conceptual arenas of psycho-analysis-psychology-sociology-political and economic thought and of religious be-liefs. He never gave up hope for the individual and for society to progress in the di-rection of freedom, peace and humanistic thought. Most unusual for a practicing psychoanalyst, he actively carried his ideas into the political and social arenas and in the rigor of two large scale academic research projects. He was a Renaissance man.
Research indicates that there is no clear relationship between fees and therapy effectiveness, although fees do impact the therapeutic process. By integrating E. FROMM's (1947) personality theory with a typology of client dynamics in response to fees, it is suggested that therapists are aided in the conceptualization of client dynamics and are able to develop proactive treatment interventions. For example, receptive clients may use fees to get attention, to foster helplessness, or to maintain ties with the therapist in the therapeutic relationship. Dynamics of exploitative, hoarding, and marketing clients are also outlined. A major benefit of the typology is that therapists can assess, evaluate, and interpret clients' dynamics in terms of goals, needs, feelings, and behavioral expressions.