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O Socialismo É Um Humanismo
(1976)
Poder da Palavra
(1980)
A Filiaçao Persecutória
(1980)
Erich Fromm (1900-1980)
(1980)
Adolescencia Prolongada
(1980)
A Problemática Social
(1980)
Quem é Homem?
(1983)
Our work >Fromm’s Normative Humanism< — which, as a matter of fact, is divided in six topics: 1] Sacred Contemporaneity; 2) Ideologic Logos; 3) One more >ism< to rhyme with Reformism; 4) Fromm’s Marx; 5) The Frommian man; and 6) The Metaphysical Terrorism — has as its main aim the critical >break-up< of the theoretical conjectures which are the structure of Fromm’s work (and specially, his The Sane Society), whose analytical insufficiency, for us, is notorious, being determined somehere in the text as follows: – >E. Fromm confines himself to repeat the humanistic myth of the supernatural man, in which the opposition nature/culture assumes the shape of methodological directive of all his discourse.< – However, even if our analysis has as its focal point Fromm’s conceptualization of the being of man in the contemporaneous society, it is not restricted by this subject, because it generically fits in the whole problematic of humanism. – Really, in the last resort, the text reveals not only a criticism to Fromm’s theoretical posture, but also a criticism >Flumianism<, whose definition to us is the metaphisical determination of man edified by the occidental thought. So, won’t be somewhat problematic the title of our dissertation? Is it really possible to achieve a humanism without a normative imposition? Owing to this, by the by, it would be stimulating to read the >Brief über den ‘Humanismus’<, by Heidegger. Finally, it must be said — to eliminate possible misunderstandings — that being theoretically anti-humanistic isn’t properly to be against man. This seem to be clear, but as to many people it isn’t, we let here the warning.
Prefácio and Posfácio
(1992)
Prefácio
(1992)
O objetivo deste ensaio é fazer uma breve análise dos aportes de Wilhelm Reich, Erich Fromm e Herbert Marcuse, que de alguma forma contribuíram para a formulação de uma teoria psicanalítica da perversão social. Nesse sentido, percorremos algumas obras dos autores ao analisar conceitos importantes, tais como os de economia sexual, caráter autoritário, princípio de desempenho e dessublimação repressiva, para avaliar até que ponto eles podem ser utilizados como operadores conceituais na análise de alguns fenômenos sociais perversos. O ensaio também apresenta críticas a determinadas soluções propostas pelos autores, mostrando como os caminhos seguidos desembocam em dois modelos de utopia sexual e social.
A essência psíquica do homem resulta de dicotomias existenciais que nascem da debilidade biológica da espécie e que naturalmente impulsionam os indivíduos a desenvolverem suas potencialidades éticas intrínsecas. Porém, uma vez na sociedade capitalista alienadora, o homem perde o espontâneo amor à vida e transforma-se alternativamente em terrível amor à morte.
Este artigo discute a adocao de pacotes gerenciais a partir da ilustracao de dois casos de implantacao de qualidade total por empresas paranaenses, buscando-se levantar uma hipotese explicativa para o fenomeno da implantacao de modelos administrativos sem a necessaria adequacao e sem a devida observância das caracteristicas das organizacoes. Tal discussao fundamenta-se na tese de Erich Fromm (1987) acerca do homem contemporâneo e dos reveses do industrialismo, em que se encontra uma predominância do ter sobre o ser.
Para Fromm, o dilema básico humano referia-se ao fato de que ao longo dos anos quanto mais às pessoas ganham liberdade mais elas se sentem solitárias, inseguras e separadas da natureza. Fromm sugeriu que as pessoas identificavam-se com as religiões e com as pátrias, na tentativa de lidar com a sensação de perda de vínculo com a natureza. A idade média teria sido, para ele, a última era de estabilidade na qual o individuo possuiu realmente sentimento de pertencer a uma classe. Três mecanismos de fuga aos aspectos da liberdade foram propostos por Fromm, porem na tentativa de recuperar a segurança perdida: O Autoritarismo, a Destrutividade e a Conformidade Autômata.
A presente pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico, examina as obras >A Arte de Amar< e >Análise do Homem< de Erich Fromm, a fim de argumentar a importância da Ética Humanista para a formação do homem. Pensando na aplicação da Ética Humanista em uma educação escolar mais humanizada, consideramos que o sujeito poderá superar a crise existencial através do amor amadurecido. Com isso, no primeiro capítulo investigamos na teoria de Fromm, pontos chaves para a formação ética e moral do homem, enquanto que no segundo capítulo, fazemos uma relação da Ética Humanista frommiana com a educação, apontando caminhos para sua aplicação em uma escola. Finalizamos a pesquisa, considerando que a Ética Humanista defendida por Erich Fromm é de real importância para a formação de sujeitos mais humanos, e que uma escola baseada nessa ética, poderá promover uma educação para a vida.
Considerando a crítica de Adorno à indústria cultural, a qual torna a cultura um meio de produção do comportamento de consumo, tentamos demonstrar como a gramática da perversão tende a monopolizar as formas de prazer na pósmodernidade. De acordo com nossa hipótese, a produção de consumo recodifica o recalcamento originário concebido por Freud: tal gramática suprime a satisfação libidinal de forma análoga à repressão primária, contudo, ao invés de utilizar as tensões insatisfeitas da libido para o trabalho, ela direciona a satisfação erotica para o prazer de consumir. Desta forma, ela formata a satisfação perversa para que esta se coadune com os interesses da economia.
O Significado Inconsciente das Imagens, Santa Maria (Imprensa Universitária, UFSM) 2007, 200 p.
(2007)
O Dilema do Ser Humano na Existência, Santa Maria (Imprensa Universitária, UFSM) 2007, 227 p.
(2007)
O artigo apresenta uma análise, segundo o pensamento de Erich Fromm, da patologia da alienação psíquica inconsciente da sociedade industrial, que se caracteriza pelo comportamento social consumista e pelo sistema patriarcalista autoritário. Identificado o problema, busca examinar sua visão humanista da liberdade social, que pretende ser uma necessidade ética urgente ante as determinações socioeconômicas.
This book seeks to make a presentation of eclectic concepts and explanation of a theory of psychopathology. Initially the first question arises: What is normal or abnormal for a particular culture? This is always present when we describe the concept of psychopathology. This understanding comes at a very auspicious time, the intention is to help the future psychoanalyst to understand and understand on the basis of this explanation, on the psychopathological aspects of the human mind. My intention is to enable the professional future of health care, a comprehensive and transdisciplinary as a subsidy to better formulate your diagnosis.
This approach focuses on a multidimensional view, this means that the reader can make their own deductions and conclusions from reading this writing. This is a textbook for professionals who are in psychoanalytic training or other related fields who wish to understand the pathological anomalies and misfits of the human mind. I believe that this reflection on several theoretical provides a vision of the whole and not just a single theory. There is, anyway, no desire to defend hypotheses with theoretical variables that may be a particular paradigm or a school of thought psychobiological or genetics. My intention is to get the reader to formulate their own point of view, in relation to the formulation of a diagnosis, with children, adolescents, adults or seniors.
O objetivo deste texto é discutir o pensamento de Erich Fromm (1900-1980) sobre religião e cultura a partir do diálogo que faz com as ideias de Karl Marx (1818-1883) e Sigmund Freud (1856-1939). Para atingir seu objetivo, ele percebeu a necessidade de estudar os fenômenos individuais e sociais, por meio das obras de Marx e Freud, em uma ótica diferente. O texto apresenta a visão de Erich Fromm sobre religião e cultura, bem como os motivos que o levaram a assumir uma posição crítica em relação à religião e à cultura de sua época. Os conceitos de religião e de cultura presentes em sua obra devem ser analisados a partir de sua funcionalidade no cultural e social, pois, desse modo, é possível entender o porquê de a religião não ser mais, como outrora, uma instituição preocupada apenas com o desenvolvimento da individualidade e com a autocriação humana. A grande contribuição de Erich Fromm reside no fato de ter buscado incessantemente os pontos de convergência entre Marx e Freud. Ele inaugurou um debate entre cultura e religião, que ainda não está encerrado.
Esse artigo objetivou discutir sobre a dificuldade de implementar novas teorias, dentro do processo de modificação das normas brasileiras de contabilidade aplicadas ao setor público (NBCASP). Para tanto, refletiu criticamente sobre o estudo de Francalanza (1997), transpassando a discussão para a realidade contábil brasileira. Simultaneamente, buscou-se em Erich Fromm (1983) o processo e os sintomas da liberdade de pensamento e o papel efetivo da dúvida para contribuir com elementos que possibilitassem uma discussão mais profunda acerca da evolução da contabilidade pública, inserindo o debate da educação contábil, como fonte precípua para uma modificação científica. Utilizou-se do método de raciocínio dedutivo, associando a técnica de documentação indireta e de questionário estruturado. Nesta perspectiva foram discutidos alguns elementos vivenciados pelo Grupo Assessor constituído pelo CFC, para a elaboração das NBCASP, depois de 62 anos sem pronunciamento específico sobre este assunto para a classe contábil brasileira. Concluiu-se que as principais dificuldades na implementação de novas teorias no setor público brasileiro estão associadas com mudanças de atitudes, tendo em vista a forte ligação dos profissionais contábeis com aspectos jurídicos, que nem sempre espelham os constructos basilares da Ciência Contábil.
Somatization symptom appears shaped in various ways, for example, organic neurosis may appear gastritis through a heart attack. Psychoanalysis, through his method of treatment, this symptom can interpret it in their aggressiveness alters the functioning of the physiology and psychological well-being of the patient.
Many of these symptoms present in nervous system disorders and mood depend on the level of intensity and the time that this state of tension or stress, is present in this patient lives without their minimal consciousness. You need to get the patient to understand these instances of emotional energy that has its origin in the unconscious. Many organs are affected by somatization can alter the morphology and biochemistry, which in some cases becomes irreversible, for example, dilatation of the bronchi in asthma, gastric ulcer, etc. Psychosomatic illnesses can be understood in two ways: the first is when you install the body as a psychosomatic symptom, and in another condition, such as a chronic disease.
In psychoanalysis we can also make the following distinction: there neurosis character, the convergence, the reactive chronic. All these types of neurosis were learned in childhood, some are fruits of education, other gain affective, and finally, with the unconscious desire of personal destruction. In childhood trauma is the origin of all these psychosomatic disorders. We know there is a multitude of psychosomatic illnesses, many of them are already widely known and studied with the aid of psychoanalytic theory. In the verification of the diagnosis is important to describe the etiology and pathogenic aspects of these symptoms. All shrink somehow know indirectly problems of hypertension, gastric ulcer, asthma, rhinitis, migraine, etc.
Undoubtedly, it is very important for psychoanalytic science contribute to the elucidation, confrontation, clarification and interpretation of psychosomatic symptoms. To accomplish this noble task we need knowledge, a proper diagnosis and psychological treatment. There are undoubtedly other disciplines also studying this subject, which is very complex and difficult to understand, for this reason I believe that in the very near future, several professionals from various sciences hold a interdisciplinary teamwork.
The psychoanalytic science seeks to discover the emotional and instinctual unconscious processes that affect the human body structure and psychosomatic symptoms. Psychoanalysis, regardless of the criticisms and misunderstandings, defends the idea that emotions can alter the functioning of some organ. For this science there is no illness but the sick person, taking into consideration your type of existence and how that relates to your instinctual and emotional world.
Erich Fromm e a arte de amar
(2010)
Este artigo se ocupa das questões amorosas a partir do pensamento de Erich Fromm. A concepção frommiana do amor é apresentada considerando a necessidade de uma teoria do homem para compreendê-la. Além disso, aponta-se a condição de existência do amor no capitalismo moderno, isto é, o processo de desintegração que este sofre na sociedade alienada. – Abstract: This article deals with the loving issues from the thought of Erich Fromm. Fromm’s conception of love is presented considering the need for a theory of man to understand it. Also, pointed out the condition of existence of love in modern capitalism, i.e. the process of disintegration that it suffers in alienated society.
A proposta deste texto é buscar na psicanálise pensada e desenvolvida por Erich Fromm elementos para se pensar o ser humano da sociedade capitalista. Erich Fromm, dentre a maioria dos psicanalistas existentes, desde Freud, procurou desenvolver suas pesquisas e reflexões a partir da >psicanálise humanista<, oferecendo, assim, recursos heurísticos fundamentais para se pensar a vida na sociedade. Nesse sentido, propomos analisar primeiramente o seu método de análise, a partir do qual acreditamos ser fundamental para compreender o procedimento teórico/metodológico que utilizava para pensar os temas por ele abordados, e, nesse sentido, encontrar o caminho a ser percorrido na busca em seu pensamento da seguinte questão: como abordar a partir de seu ponto de vista, o ser humano da sociedade capitalista? Enfim, propomos uma avaliação da própria teoria de Fromm, apontando suas principais contribuições.
O artigo aborda a interpretação de Marcuse e Fromm acerca do conceito de alienação, discutindo as divergências e convergências do pensamento destes teóricos, bem como compara a formulação do conceito de alienação por Marx com a apresentada por eles. O trabalho ressalta ainda as contribuições de Marcuse e Fromm para o pensamento social contemporâneo, pois ao tentarem resgatar o conceito de alienação em Marx, proporcionam elementos importantes para se repensar a problemática em torno deste conceito.
Erich Fromm foi um psicanalista que participou da formação da Escola de Frankfurt com o projeto de unir o materialismo histórico de Marx à psicanálise de Freud. Dentre os conceitos abordados por ele, o da liberdade é um dos fundamentais, ao postular a diferença entre a „liberdade de“ e a „liberdade para“, sendo a primeira a liberdade existente na sociedade capitalista, uma pseudo-liberdade, e a segunda seria a realização da liberdade no sentido positivo. Contudo, devido ao seu humanismo abstrato e não perceber o papel da luta de classes no sentido da superação do capitalismo, elabora uma crítica contundente dessa sociedade, que, no entanto, se torna limitada.
Fromm crítico de Freud
(2010)
O presente artigo retoma a crítica de Fromm a Freud, mostrando as divergências entre os dois pensadores. Fromm realiza uma crítica metodológica do materialismo burguês e mecanicista de Freud, uma crítica teórica ao seu biologismo e pansexualismo e, por fim, uma crítica política ao seu conservadorismo, patriarcalismo e autoritarismo.
Educação entre Ter e Ser
(2011)
Introdução
(2011)
In all health sciences and education mainly in humanistic thought in psychoanalysis to reflect more deeply to know the potential of human beings to overcome the problems themselves and psychological trauma. Psychoanalysis shows the treatment monitoring of practical ability, creativity, decision-making power to be able to tackle certain types of personal and existential problems. Perhaps most psychoanalysts believe this human potential to solve problems and tackle complex situations and very difficult. Many do not have the financial resources, others do not believe in the analysis, however everyone knows the need that humans have to know themselves in their performances unconscious. Today more than ever appear increasingly to overcome challenges, some difficult to solve, as in the case of chronic or destructive. This type of experiences is not merely an illusion at all times accompany tragedies and sufferings of all kinds. But at the same time recognize that many people have succeeded by his willpower and determination to solve their problems or cure of a disease that was being disillusioned by medicine.
The addition, psychoanalysis offers a theory, the treatment of these neuroses and psychosomatic illnesses. Many of these patients adolescents, adults, families, managed to prove their ability to overcome their limits affective and existential. Some managed to prepare and resolve many traumas that were preventing the experiences of his psychic potential. And somehow still in a process of personal evolution, the solution of these traumas, released creative energy able to cast him in many goals higher than the average of people in general. This same trauma could cause this patient developed an ability to utilize its potential to achieve noble goals in their personal and family life. This potential energy is unconscious able to turn a dream into reality. Because of this potential trauma unleashed creativity and determination, it is as if this suffering, this pain, this loss, reversing into a resource available to accomplish their goals.
The big question of humanist psychoanalysis is: Where does this power that turns into a force capable of solving personal and social problems? I realize that this "potential" is a process of overcoming lying in novels, in movies, in the Bible, in short all focus this power to turn dreams into reality. Overcoming the trauma is not only a dream, a myth, a fantasy, an utopia, but a capability that has the power to motivate, and to modify our interpretation of certain traumas and problems we face in our lives. If we admit the existence of this "potential" processing in humans, then we should know the ways to use this energy efficiently, to respond to the challenges that life puts in our everyday life. Many hypotheses can be proposed to solve the problems of the "human" in man. But no one can deny the importance of this study in psychoanalysis to make the analysis more practical and efficient. The traumas are accompanied by fears, for it is a study of fundamental emotions, I believe that all these demands of the existence within its limitations and possibilities, may help put into practice the ethics of life, consistency comes in the form of being, acting and think.
Prefacio
(2012)
Apreciação sobre o desenvolvimento histórico dos conceitos psicanalíticos da clínica humanista
(2012)
We are facing a new understanding of the unconscious mind, the new scientific discoveries that are happening in anthropology, philosophy and neuroscience are influencing epistemological demarcation of psychoanalytic theory, while medicine supported by neuroscience says that there is a neurobiological basis for human attitudes and for mental illnesses. We are very skeptical about this avalanche of marketing neuroscience and other theories that seek its basis in physiological organicism, even psychopharmacology and psychiatrists are in hand to substantiate this genetic condition and biological human mind. I believe these theories help us understand the biological functioning of the brain and neurological, but are far from understanding your unconscious functioning. We are still far from knowing what we are witnessing in the context of scientific discoveries, neuroscientists are trying to explain the neurological functioning through a unification that can enable scientific truths, but we realize that there are many contradictions in relation to psychoanalysis, philosophy, anthropology, this is a novelty of positivist and experimental scientists seeking to explain how the brain works.
Writing about the human mind is a difficult and complex task, because the concepts are confused about the brain, first because there are different types of memories. Memories are files containing cultural information that can help a person find their answers, as well as psychoanalysis has long been a doctrine for the uninitiated a closed sect, who held where the truth about the unconscious was a select group that had the power and truth of psychoanalytic theory. Through this reflection on the "unconscious mind" I want to offer people lay in the subject an opportunity to understand the complex workings of the unconscious mind. I hope this awakening interest in the player, because the brain is unconscious energy with a capacity to leave us perplexed and fascinated with a capacity far beyond computers or the cosmos.
All scientific discoveries in many areas of science are changing our way of being and living, and it seems that this transformation is inevitable, we are no longer the same, we go out of the condition of primates and become "cyber man," and yet we must be prepared for other changes and their impact on quality of life, all of this is unpredictable, we can not cower and flee what awaits us in the future, and without thinking or wanting to decrease anxiety, the future is happening right now. The theoretical and conceptual changes should monitor developments and scientific discoveries as we study the human brain met with organismic paradigms that are still with the defects of the neurons concerned to know which groups of neurons that are blamed for the malfunction Brain Machine. While in this mechanistic paradigm and physiological demand for all forms neurological location with their pathological functions, we are far from understanding human and existential. The unconscious part of the neurological functions and needs and understanding of the functioning of neurotransmitters, but can not be explained on this materialist and positivist paradigm. Psychoanalysis feels comfortable and quite safe to say that this paradigm "humanistic existential" may give many explanations about the complex web of human experience. The aim of this book is to discuss the theoretical paradigms and question the concepts and theories of neuroscience, as we understand these concepts in a conventional science that closed the issue on the demarcation of evidence and measurements, prevent psychoanalysts to dialogue with narcissism and prejudices of a science that prefers to take forward at any cost their personal truths.
Many people would like to know more about themselves, their qualities, abilities and potential to become more efficient as a human being. This need to understand the subjectivity of interest rises to reveal and discover the secrets that the symbols and dreams hide in essence. On the collective families, schools, businesses, realize the superficiality, lack of initiative, apathy, fears, anxiety, depression, stress, psychic this instance is the basis of productivity, to become efficient requires courage, boldness, creativity, willpower, curiosity, desire to learn, humility and sincerity, qualities and values indispensable for those who want to be efficient and achieve your dreams. Dreams have always been despised by the natural and exact sciences, and could not be otherwise, because people deal with numbers, statistics, measurement, verification, those working with dreams seek to find meaning and significance in the world of emotions and instincts.
Psychoanalysis argues for the importance of the study of dreams as a language that can help awaken the potential, the condition is essential to know to live with health and vitality. Those who realize their personal analysis are in this state of discovery, looking for a way to live with joy and happiness. Dreams reveal the dialogue between emotions and existence, unconscious energy communicates through images and symbols, to explore the content and meaning can discover the hidden message that can be interpreted to the patient. Today is consensus that dreams contain important information about mental health, organic, financial and emotional.
Erich Fromm wrote about myths, legends, tales, this symbolic universe is interested in balancing and integrating the driving forces of the human being. The dreams also revealed that the matrix develops disharmony and unproductive state of distress, anxiety, are also able to show the latent potential of each person. The dreams always bring creative solutions to solve the neuroses and personal difficulties. This is organismic, inspired by the forces of nature to develop courage, boldness, originality and creativity, this potential is the result of productivity that is interested in health and happiness.
In this book I explain the theory of interpretation of dreams, and I believe this is a healthy way for those who want to know more deeply. By paying attention to dreams in symbols images can find the meaning of life, how to live happy and healthy, making the existence of the potential to learn to develop awareness. One of my patients reported the following dream: "A friend asked while walking if he was glad to be retired. Shortly thereafter, I was climbing a wall with a ladder and reached the top, and then went down to get to the floor, I realized I had leaned the ladder against the wrong wall." This dream portrays a life experience and shows that we are not always sure about our goals in life. This situation arises when some beliefs no longer satisfy the desires, is a kind of crisis that needs to be addressed because there is a huge energy wear. Not always the material conditions fail to account for all the emotional demands, this time we must prioritize the loving relationship with emotions. Dreams can be the bridge to integrate and balance all the drives, to become aware of the emotions can get the value and use this potential energy to your advantage.
Interpretação dos sonhos
(2012)