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- 1998 (340) (remove)
Found Fromm [发现弗洛姆]
(1998)
The author discusses Ferenczi's theory of femininity in terms both of its orientation to Freud's constructivist view on the same subject and its intimate connections with his own phylogenetic speculations. She underlines the significance of Ferenczi's assumptions about the universality of the ?trend of maternal regression? and its determining role in genital sexual union. Due to the absence of a ?real? penis in women, Ferenczi postulates that female development is marked by a whole series of regressive moves and renunciations, from urethrality to anality (i.e. from activity to passivity), the ?abandonmentγ of the clitoris in favour of the vagina, and a regressive secondarynarcisstic cathexis of the entire body. The author criticizes Ferenczi's reduction of woman to the ?mother? function and relates this view to recent femininity theories emanating from the French school of psychoanalysis, which follow him in this respect. There is a brief discussion of the author's own approach to establishing a theory of femininity. She situates her theses in the framework of the tensions obtaining between Ferenczi's unsatisfactory theory of femininity as a ?defective? condition and his bold and laudable attempt to provide Freudian metapsychology with a biological foundation.
Die Credé Prophylaxe
(1998)
Marginal comments on the evolution of self psychology response to editors’ follow'up questions
(1998)
The author describes the psychoanalysis of a female patient who was diagnosed psychiatrically as a paranoid psychotic. The patient reported a history of chronic sexual abuse. The psychopathology and the phases of treatment are considered, with particular reference to the dynamics and content of psychotic ideation and their transference and countertransference implications. In particular, the author points to the qualitative distinctiveness of psychotic thought, which, if mistaken for nonpsychotic thought, can generate confusion leading to impasse. Differentiation of the two levels of mentation and interpretation of their symbolic meaning in the nonpsychotic transference is necessary for the psychotherapy of psychosis to proceed.
The idea that people plan their behavior is considered common sense for most human activities. This commonsense view, however, is not extended to the behavior of the patients in therapy. Patients’ behavior is thought to be governed to some extent by unplanned unconscious forces. In this paper, I challenge that view. I assume that the primary motive of patients in psychotherapy, including psychoanalysis, is to solve their problems by disproving the pathogenic beliefs that underlie them, and it assumes, too, that patients make and carry out plans for solving their problems. Patients’ plans are for testing their pathogenic beliefs with the therapist in the hope that the therapist will not react to their tests as their beliefs predict. In research studies carried out by the San Francisco Psychotherapy Research Group, we demonstrated that we can reliably infer patients’ plans from their behavior at the beginning of therapy and that patients work consistently in accordance with these plans throughout the therapy. Support for this thesis appears in infant research, evolutionary psychology, academic cognitive research, and linguistics. The view of the therapeutic process proposed here bears on the current discussion of the therapist's use of authority and integrates several current trends in the theory of therapy.
Heidegger on Freud
(1998)
Prison Life and Alienation
(1998)
Midwifery of the Soul: A Holistic Perspective on Psychoanalysis – Collected Papers of Margaret Arden
(1998)
Models of learning and psychoanalytic traditions can reform be sustained in psychoanalytic training?
(1998)
Cites cases of children believing in male maternity, and describes myths and legends, classical and modern, involving the same type of event. These beliefs are discussed in terms of the concepts of Freud and E. FROMM. It is concluded that the fantasy of male maternity is linked with frustrated creative aspirations.
Das ärztliche Gespräch bei Balint. Versuch einer Wesensbestimmung des therapeutischen Dialogs
(1998)
Review Oremland, J. D.: The Origins and Psychodynamics of Creativity: A Psychoanalytic Perspective
(1998)
Some people feel that aspects of their past or limitations of their present prevent them from living a life they experience as worth living. They embark on the project of fully re-creating themselves. This article traces various manifestations of the desire for self-creation. An extended clinical example shows how this project led a patient to the brink of death, because it was more important for her to feel that she had authorship over her life than to be alive. The desire for self-creation has found cultural expression in the Cartesian program of cleaning the mind from any external influence. In less sublimated forms, this desire can be found in bodybuilding and certain forms of sexual fantasy. This article ends by discussing psychoanalytic and existentialist approaches to the protest against fatedness, which motivates the project of self-creation.
Wie der Malort entstand
(1998)
The Evolution and Psychology of Unselfish Behavior. Cambridge, MA (Harvard University Press) 1998.
(1998)
This paper considers the fundamental change introduced by Ferenczi in 1919 by proposing the use of countertransference as an instrument. Basically it reconsiders the concept of analytic neutrality; mastery of countertransference is reached through tolerating it, overcoming resistances against it, demanding a very intense involvement of the analyst, as opposed to the image of the surgeon or the mirror. The paper analyzes the implications of this position for psychoanalysis. It places these concepts in the scientific and personal context in which it was written, then follows the later developments of these ideas in Ferenczi's own work, as well as in that of some other authors, and comments on the effects of these ideas on the psychoanalytic movement. Finally it poses some questions regarding our present use of countertransference in clinical work, with two brief vignettes highlighting these points.
Love in the afternoon: A relational reconsideration of desire and dread in the countertransference
(1998)
The author discusses the system of affects and terminology in connection to theories of affective monitoring, especially Krause's description of the relationship between discrete affects and actions and Tomkins classification of positive, neutral and negative affects. The relationship between the affective system, the intensity of affects and the experience of mental pain, including different qualities of anxiety is explored as well as the ways in which mental pain can be modulated and transformed to symbols, depending on the empathic capacity of the object. A process which in its turn contributes to the forming of internal objects and the integration of the specular object and the emotional object as it is described by Bollas.
Frida Kahlo was a Mexican artist (1907-1954). Altogether she painted almost 200 pictures, among them 55 self-portraits. Frida contracted polio at the age of six and her right leg was shrivelled. She began to paint at the age of 18 while recovering from a serious traffic accident, as a result of which she could never give birth to a living child. This was a painful and wounding experience for her. But Frida psychologically created an inner space, enlivening her womanhood, and remained artistically creative. She underwent over 30 operations and was bed-ridden for long periods of her life. Frida's pictures derive from her life as a woman. She created something new out of her archaic Mexican heritage. Space, time, the body, are entwined in many ways in Frida's life and art. It is in space and time that her life of the body expands its significance. The body imprisoned Frida in the imaginary, where there are no bonds and limits. The object of Frida's intense study was her own self. She painted self-portraits to be able to feel she existed. She built and created herself in painting. The bed-ridden Frida studied herself in mirrors like Narcissus in the water's surface and became merged and separated. She lived literally in the tensions of life and death. Frida Kahlo's pictures are incarnated from life to life and become protective and supportive icons.
Patients traumatized by events beyond the limits of human experiential endurability often reveal a shattered self with no continuous personal core. These events seem to have occurred without a witness, possibly because their inhumanity caused the subject to disappear while the events were taking place. Such patients suffer from their sudden emergence of dissociated sets of memories which seem to have registered the entire circumstances of the trauma in a frozen state. The therapist's interventions seem to have no impact at these moments. This may be so because there is a self other than the patient's that is present at a scene which belongs to a past that never ceases to recur. These reenactments of past traumatic events reveal a self condemned to disbelief whenever testifying to an inhuman situation devoid of any subjectivity. Vignettes from the psychoanalytic treatment of a patient who suffered from traumatic ?memories? will illustrate the points above. The testimonies of homeless children and of Holocaust survivors also point to this silencing of voices wounded by an inhuman past. Questions regarding the ethical dimension of psychoanalysis and its witnessing to present day injustices as opposed to silencing them ? are addressed.
Auf der Suche nach dem ethischen Konsum. Nachhaltigkeit, Lebensstile und Konsumentenverhalten
(1998)
Balint in the United Kingdom
(1998)
O Autorze
(1998)
This paper proposes that countertransference dreams may serve as indicators and help deal with difficult crisis in the psychoanalytic process. The transferential field defines the difficulties which the analyst has to deal with. The analyst is always involved in this field. A fragment of a clinical case of the author, in which a countertransference dream had an important role, is used as an example. This paper proposes that countertransference dreams may serve as indicators and help deal with difficult crisis in the psychoanalytic process. The transferential field defines the difficulties which the analyst has to deal with. The analyst is always involved in this field. A fragment of a clinical case of the author, in which a countertransference dream had an important role, is used as an example.
Feng Shui
(1998)
Auf der Suche nach dem ethischen Konsum. Nachhaltigkeit, Lebensstile und Konsumentenverhalten
(1998)
Addressing the issues of intersubjectivity and hermenutics and their relevance for psychoanalysis, the author presents a model for interpreting inspired by the existential hermeneutics of Martin Heidegger. This analysis is then applied to the clinical reality of the psychoanalytical situation. The author discusses the matrix of transference, the analytical dialogue as a form of reflection, the functions of hope and faith, and lastly, truth as faithfulness in the hermeneutic context.
>Crossing the Black Water< – Alienation and Identity among South Asian Immigrant Women in Canada
(1998)
Teoriyata na Erih From za >byagstvo ot svobodata< (Erich Fromm's theory about >Escape from Freedom<)
(1998)
One of Sándor Ferenczi's greatest contributions to clinical theory and method is his pioneering concept of analyst self-disclosure. First introduced in his famous paper ?The elasticity of psycho-analytic technique? (1928), analyst self-disclosure changed the nature of clinical interaction between analyst and analysand, from the Freudian model of a surgeon to the responsiveness of an empathic mother. Ferenczi's clinical work with the so-called ?difficult cases? (narcissistic, borderline and psychotic disorders) moved him to discover the ethos of activity within an empathic method. Analyst self-disclosure is one of those responsive measures he developed to address the deficits in communication and interpersonal functioning in trauma survivors. An outline is presented of the ?Confusion of Tongues? which is the model from which selfdisclosure is derived. A contemporary extension of this idea is offered in the clinical and theoretical distinction between judicious vs. conspicuous self-disclosure.
In classical psychoanalytic models, treatment can be understood as enabling patients to repossess their own agency – to take responsibility for themselves as agents in relation to their own motives and impulses (>Where id was, there shall ego be<). How the question of agency is understood developmentally and as part of the treatment process in relational psychoanalytic perspectives has been less clearly articulated. In this article, we suggest that the attainment of the ability to experience oneself as an agent emerges from complex interpersonal and intrapsychic processes in infancy and early childhood and represents a kind of >glue< that provides the foundation for a feeling of personal coherence. We also suggest that the development of a sense of agency is predicated on the negotiation of recognition and mutual impact with parents early in life. When those negotiations go awry, the child's capacity for agency can be disrupted. We suggest that many of the difficulties patients experience in their lives can be understood in this developmental context.
Every analysis involves oscillations in the ability to generate new meaning, depending on the nature of the anxieties present and containable by the patient, the analyst, or both. Breakdown in this creative process can result in treatment impasses when primitive anxieties are uncontained and projective identifications abound. In this article, I situate clinical impasses within the dialectic of presence and absence. That dialectic requires that the tension be sustained between both terms in such a way that neither is fully negated and a space can exist between the terms, a space in which meaning can flourish and the recognition of freedom can be embraced. I view impasses as psychic and philosophical breakdowns in which presence and absence are polarized and the ability to constitute presence out of absence is lost. I examine this collapsed space as one in which goodness has become perverted in the mind of the patient. I then offer clinical examples in which the analyst discovers how attention to her own subjective experiences helps to decipher the meaning of unconscious communications. These subjective experiences include the emergence of an internal supervisor, subliminal thought and images, and dreams about the patient. These communications can then serve as tools to release the analytic couple from the bonds of presymbolic treatment impasses.
O objetivo deste ensaio é fazer uma breve análise dos aportes de Wilhelm Reich, Erich Fromm e Herbert Marcuse, que de alguma forma contribuíram para a formulação de uma teoria psicanalítica da perversão social. Nesse sentido, percorremos algumas obras dos autores ao analisar conceitos importantes, tais como os de economia sexual, caráter autoritário, princípio de desempenho e dessublimação repressiva, para avaliar até que ponto eles podem ser utilizados como operadores conceituais na análise de alguns fenômenos sociais perversos. O ensaio também apresenta críticas a determinadas soluções propostas pelos autores, mostrando como os caminhos seguidos desembocam em dois modelos de utopia sexual e social.
Predislowie
(1998)