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- 2014 (416) (remove)
In Ferenczi's view, dreams have a traumatolytic function that is anterior to and more primary than the wish-fulfilment function considered by Freud. This view is influenced by a number of metapsychological conceptions that occasionally are quite different from Freud's approach, especially as regards the economical and topical points of view, which Ferenczi clearly set apart in posthumous works. In these conceptions, he >dismisses< pondering a so-called death instinct and advancing towards the notion of an unconscious other than repressed. Otherwise, as Ferenczi considers that in dreams there is an >optimistic counterfeit,< the present article reflects on how to overcome this hypomanic solution in order to turn the traumatolytic potential of dream into a fully therapeutic function. A dream taken from a film is used to illustrate Ferenczi's point of view.
This paper explores psychosocially the intergenerational transmission of aspects of working-class masculinities through the shaming, embarrassment, and bullying of young unemployed men, when faced with taking up service work they describe as >embarrassing< and >feminine.< The context is the closure of a steelworks in a town in the South Wales valleys, in which the men's resistance to service work is mediated by father–son relationships that dictate what counts as proper manly work. In this study, young men, as well as their mothers and (where possible) their fathers, were interviewed. The interviews reveal a community suffering the effects of intergenerational trauma and riven with complex feelings about masculinity and femininity. These feelings are projected onto the young men, who feel bullied and shamed by their families, peers, and others in the community because they are unable to find gender-appropriate work. The implications of these findings for understandings of youth male unemployment are considered.
Institutt for Psykoterapi: background and developments of the Institute for Psychotherapy in Norway
(2014)
The Institutt for Psykoterapi is a nationwide training institution offering postgraduate studies in psychoanalytic psychotherapy for physicians and psychologists. It is also a membership society aiming at safeguarding and disseminating the psychoanalytically oriented perspective in mental health care. The Institute was founded in October 1962 as a result of cooperation between the psychologists Einar Dannevig and Per Mentzen and the psychiatrist Endre Ugelstad. At that time, the only systematic training in psychotherapy for physicians and psychologists in this country was provided by the Norwegian Psychoanalytic Society. The training took place in Oslo alone, the teaching capacity was limited, and only psychoanalysis was taught. It is a demanding form of treatment that many patients with mental disorders are unable to carry through. The great majority of patients in institutions needed other forms of psychotherapy, but there was at that time no systematic training for this purpose. In a letter of recommendation for the foundation, Harald Schjelderup, professor of psychology, described the prevailing poor conditions for training in psychotherapy: >Training in psychotherapy in our country has been both sparse and poorly organized. There is no institution at the moment which can offer physicians and psychologists a sufficient basis for an independent practice of depth psychologically oriented psychotherapy for adults. Neither does it appear that any of the existing institutions will be able to take on this task for a long time to come.<
The Swiss member societies of the International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies, namely the two existential analytic societies and the Institute of Psychoanalysis in Kreuzlingen, have always stressed the philosophical foundation of psychoanalysis as psychoanalytic approaches with severely disturbed and psychotic patients. The colleagues working in these institutes have often cooperated very closely with analysts from the International Psychoanalytical Association. This paper stresses the important contributions for inpatient psychoanalytic approaches.
Erich Fromm gegen Israel
(2014)
本文将以阿兰•西利托小说《星期六的晚上和星期天的早晨》为例,对20世纪英国50年代的工人阶级青年人在追求自由的过程中遭遇的困境做出系统的分析,并试图找到他们追求积极自由的可行性道路。本文以埃利•希弗洛姆关于人性的精神分析理论以及主人公亚瑟的精神转变为参照,试图对亚瑟—《星期六的晚上和星期日的早上》的主人公,同时也是愤怒的青年的代表人物所追寻的自由进行分析。首先试图对主人公亚瑟在追求激进自由,也就是消极自由时所表现出来的叛逆行为和散漫的生活以及由其追求的消极自由所带来的异化进行分析,进而揭示其偏激自由观的本质。在这一阶段,本论文试图从亚瑟对社会制度和传统道德的反叛行为入手进而得出亚瑟对过激自由的执着追求是受到了社会压力,工人阶级的生活压力以及本人的不健全性格等多重合力的影响而造成的结果。从以上的论述和分析中我们可以得出结论,亚瑟所奉行的偏激自由思想正如弗洛姆在其理论中描绘的所谓>消极自由<,这种自由在表面上似乎带给了他无尽享受与轻松,但实质上带给他更多的空虚与孤独。因此,任何只求轻松而逃避责任并力图疏离于人际纽带之外的偏激自由都是消极自由。与消极自由不同的是,积极自由可以带给人们一种真正的自我和归属感。因而只有通过回归真实的生活,勇于担当,构筑起人与人之间的和谐纽带,现代人才有可能踏上通往追求真正的自由之路