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Assuming that psychic reality and social phenomena are two sides of the same social totality, this article attempts to discuss the building up of the concept of superego in the Freudian text emphasizing its social roots and the function it performs as the representative of the symbolic law. Critical turning points in the development of the concept are presented and possible theoretical consequences of Freud's argument in >Civilization and its Discontents< are questioned when considered against the background of our present society determined by globalization and consumption. The author concludes by suggesting that the contemporary superego may represent an erractic reaction against the conditions prevalent in the social realm. Thus it appears to
The Social Responsibility of Psychoanalysis and Its Potential in Working with the Underprivileged
(2003)
Superego and perversion
(2003)
Considers whether or not the capacity to love is a measurable area of growth in Maslow's self-actualizing person. Two testing instruments, Everett Shostrom's Personal Orientation Inventory and an instrument developed by the author using the work of May, FROMM, Maslow, and Sorokin, were used to study this. Results indicate that Maslow's Being or B-love – selfless love for the other – is definitely re-lated to self-actualization.