>Freedom From< and >Freedom To< Across Countries

  • It has been over 70 years since Erich Fromm wrote >Escape from Freedom<. He defined two type of freedom: FREEDOM FROM (negative) and FREEDOM TO (positive). Fromm's masterpiece, however, does not measure the two types of freedom, and this is not surprising – there were no freedom data at the time. Now, there are plenty of data, and Fromm's concepts of freedom can be operationalized across countries. The two types of freedom, positive and negative, correlate at below 0.5, and such low correlation is surprising – I discuss outliers and point out that freedom is an end in itself, as recognized, for instance, by Amartya Sen. Furthermore, while we acknowledge the importance of FREEDOM FROM, we forget that FREEDOM FROM is not fully realized without FREEDOM TO: it's great to be free; but it's even better to feel free as well.

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Metadaten
Author:Adam Okulicz-Kozaryn
Parent Title (English):Social Indicators Research, Vol. 118, No. 3 (Sept. 2014), pp. 1009-1029.
Document Type:Articles
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2014
Release Date:2024/04/04
Format:no download and copy possible
IdNo:Okulicz-Kozaryn_A_2014
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Articles / Artikel
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Articles / Artikel
Licence (German):no access / nicht zugänglich
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