Alienation and Redemption of Human Nature of Seamstress in Mary Barton and Ruth [《玛丽•巴顿》和《露丝》中女裁缝的人性异化与救赎], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China 2013. [application of Fromm's theories to art]

  • 伊丽莎白•盖斯凯尔夫人(1810-1865)是十九世纪中叶英国重要的现实主义小说家。她的作品题材广泛,思想深刻,引起了评论界的广泛关注。评论家们对她作品中所呈现的劳资矛盾、伦理道德、人道主义关怀尤为关注,却较少涉及人性异化问题。美国著名心理学家埃里希•弗洛姆提出了>人性异化说<。他认为异化是人的精神和心理的一种体验过程,即在资本主义社会政治和经济因素影响下,人的某种生理和心理需要会发生改变,使人性产生异化。同时弗洛姆希望用爱与宽容来消除人性异化,从而建立一个人道主义公有制社会。弗洛姆的这一学说为解读盖斯凯尔夫人在其小说中所体现的人性异化与救赎问题提供了理论基础和研究视角。借助弗洛姆的>人性异化<理论,本文旨在通过对盖斯凯尔夫人小说《玛丽•巴顿》与《露丝》中女裁缝玛丽•巴顿和露丝人性异化与救赎的分析,揭示出盖斯凯尔夫人对资本主义剥削制度与传统道德观念的批判与反思,进而呈现出她以爱与宽容为基点的人性关怀。第一章介绍了女裁缝人性的异化。面对十九世纪传统的父权制度所带来的压迫和束缚以及女裁缝个体化进程中所带来的孤独感和无能为力感,玛丽和露丝通过追求虚幻的爱情以及无奈地认可自己是罪恶的源泉的异化方式在社会中生存。第二章分析了女裁缝对人性异化的逃避。玛丽和露丝试图通过在家庭生活中努力扮演贤妻良母形象以及在工作中忘我的工作来逃避完全异化的生活状况,从而回归自我。第三章分析了女裁缝玛丽和露丝人性异化的救赎。玛丽勇敢地找寻真爱并建立了和谐的家园;露丝不惜付出生命照顾曾经遗弃她的人们,从而获得了人们的尊重以及全社会的赞颂。她们用大爱与宽容让她们重获新生。本文通过对女裁缝人性的异化与救赎的描写,表达了盖斯凯尔夫人在资本主义社会实施人道主义的美好愿望,同时契合了现代社会的和谐理论。
  • Elizabeth Gaskell(1810 – 1865)is an important realistic novelist in England during the mid-nineteenth century. Her works cover a wide range of subjects and profound thoughts, which attract the great attention from domestic and overseas critics, especially the issues like the contradiction of the capital and the labor, humanitarian care and ethical problem in her works. However, less attention has been paid to the problem of alienation of human nature. - The famous American psychologist Erich Fromm puts forward the theory of >alienation of human nature<. He thinks that alienation is the experiential process of human’s spirit and mentality. It means that human’s certain physiology and psychology start to change under the political and economic factors of capitalist society, then which lead to the alienation of human nature. While Fromm hopes that the alienation of human nature could be eliminated by love and tolerance, thus establishing a humanitarian public ownership society. Fromm’s >alienation of human nature< provides theoretical basis and prospective to study the alienation and redemption of human nature which embody in Gaskell’s novels Mary Barton and Ruth . With Fromm’s theory of alienation of human nature, the thesis pays attention to the analysis of the seamstresses Mary Barton and Ruth’s alienation and redemption of human nature in Mrs. Gaskell’s novels Mary Barton and Ruth. It explores Mrs. Gaskell’s reflection and critique towards the exploitation of capitalist system and traditional moral concept, and further reveals Gaskell’s view of humanism which base on love and tolerance. - Chapter one introduces alienation of seamstress’s human nature. Facing the oppression and bondage of the traditional patriarchal social system in nineteenth century and the feeling of loneliness and helplessness in the process of women’s individualization, Mary and Ruth take the alienated ways of pursuing fanciful love and accepting hopeless thought of being a sinful origin in people’s eyes to live.– The second chapter analyzes seamstresses Mary and Ruth escape from alienation of human nature. They try to escape the completely alienated life through acting as a good woman in the family and engaging them¬selves in work, thus they could return themselves to the society.– Chapter three examines the redemption of seamstress’s alienation of human nature. Mary Barton finds her true love bravely and builds up a harmonious home and Ruth gains the respect from the society for paying her life by taking care of the people who once abandoned her. The seamstresses regenerate themselves by the way of the love and tolerance.– The thesis expresses Mrs. Gaskell’s wish to put humanism into force in capitalist society and aligns well with the harmonious ideas of modern society through the elaboration of the alienation and redemption of human nature of seamstresses.

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Metadaten
Author:Can Yan
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2013
Release Date:2015/12/14
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Yan_Can_2013
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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