An Analysis of Alienated Selves in >Tender Is the Night<: From Fromm’s Humanistic Psychoanalytic View [从弗洛姆人本主义精神分析的视角解读《夜色温柔》中异化的自我], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Central University for Nationalities, Beijing, China 2013. [application of Fromm's theories to art]

  • 《夜色温柔》是菲茨杰拉德创作的第四部小说,创作了近十年的时间。这部小说中倾注了作者大量的心血,融入了作者对生活热切的期许和对社会的深刻洞察。作者采用了剖析社会弊病的新方法,以新奇的叙事结构,点到为止的讽喻,优美的笔触,使得作品寓意丰富,隽永深刻,是继《了不起的盖茨比》后又一部优秀的小说。十九世纪二十年代的美国,是物质至上,信仰衰落,传统价值崩溃的时代,人们乘着经济和技术的快车,在物质世界奔忙,越来越迷失自我,丧失了正确的方向。尼采关于上帝之死的宣言,达尔文>物竞天择,适者生存<的理论彻底颠覆了人们的信仰,经济的发展和技术的革新加速了社会的自动化、去人性化以及异化。拜金主义、享乐主义、物质主义和消费主义盛行,人们对成功、财富和名誉的追求几近于盲目崇拜。人们普遍遭遇焦灼感,无力感,孤独感和疏离感,自动地为匿名权威所控制,越来越多的人们被异化并迷失了自身。和菲茨杰拉德本人一样,文中的主人翁热衷于精神分析,同时或多或少倾向于社会主义变革,试图以新的方法解读和重构世界。二十世纪人本主义精神分析学家弗洛姆同时吸收了马克思主义学说和弗洛伊德的观点,形成其独特的人本主义精神分析体系,本文试图从弗洛姆人本主义精神分析的视角出发,通过文中对主要人物的分析,解读作品和作者意图。分析作品中主要人物在社会中被无形的权威所控制,在物质世界逐渐被异化,从而迷失自身,成为>机器人<的过程;分析解读他们被异化的原因,以及主人翁如何找回自我,重构自我的过程。
  • >Tender Is The Night< is Fitzgerald’s fourth novel written within almost ten years (1925 – 1934). In this novel the author tries to use new devices and new ways of thinking to express his great expectation and discernment towards life and society, infusing his deep insight into the exquisite lines. Profound and rich in meaning, >Tender Is The Night< is another great novel after >The Great Gatsby<. In the1920s in American society, on the express of technology and economy, people were obsessed in pursuing wealth. Traditional values lost their due importance when rampant materialism took the place of religion and became an idol in people’s life. Nietzsche’s declaration of death of God and Darwin’s theory of >survival of the fittest< crushed people’s beliefs. The development of technology and economy accelerated automatization of social machine and people were dehumanized and alienated gravely. Mamonism, hedonism, materialism and consumerism popularized among people and filled the moral vacuum before new values system was established. People’s craving for money, power and success increased almost to idolatry. More and more people automatically conform to the anonymous authority. They lost their true selves and suffered from alienation symptoms such as anxiety, aloneness, separateness and powerlessness. - Like Fitzgerald himself, the protagonist in >Tender Is The Night< has interest in psychoanalysis and socialistic reforms on society in order to interpret and reconstruct the world. Humanistic psychoanalyst Fromm incorporates Marxism and Freudian theory and forms his unique humanistic psychoanalytic theory on alienation, which reveals internal and external causes of alienation. The thesis intends to use Fromm’s points to interpret the author’s intention and tries to find out how the main characters in Tender Is The Night are alienated into >robots< in the materialized capitalist society and lose themselves under the control of anonymous authority. The thesis goes further to analyze the cause of their alienation and how the protagonist reconstructs his sense of identity and sense of worth.

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Metadaten
Author:Houmei Xiong
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2013
Release Date:2015/12/14
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Xiong_Houmei_2013
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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