From Escape from Freedom to a Sane Society [从逃避自由到健全的社会], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2013.

  • 弗洛姆作为西方近代著名的精神分析心理学家和社会学家,在西方一直负有盛名,他不仅继承和发展了弗洛伊德的精神分析学说,还试图将弗洛伊德的学说和马克思的学说结合起来,以解决现实生活中的各种问题,当然,他最主要的贡献还在于其对人的关怀,他揭示了近代西方社会下人们病态的精神状况,并提出了自己的改革方案。弗洛姆的思想也并非一蹴而就,也有着其形成的历史过程。弗洛姆经历了两次世界大战,对战争所造成的种种悲剧深有感触,即便到了战后,他也时时进行着对人的生存状态的研究,他发现,从战前到站后,人们一直都没有得到真正的自由。而他的思想也主要是来源于当时盛行的弗洛伊德精神分析学说和马克思的唯物主义思想,两种学说都有其优越之处,如马克思的异化理论、唯物主义学说和健康人的思想,弗洛伊德的无意识理论、人格理论和人性思想,这些都在弗洛姆以后的思想中有所体现。弗洛姆继承并发展了两人的思想,并在自己对人的研究中,提出了自己的学说。弗洛姆的社会思想主要体现在了他发现了在社会中人们普遍存在着对自由的逃避这样一种病态的心理。人们自从从自然界中分离出来就感受到一种焦虑和不安,人们迫切需要寻找着到自己的根,而在历史的发展中,随着人们力量的不断壮大,人们发现他们离自己的根越来越远,人们获得了极大的自由,却也感受到了更多的孤独感,为了获得安全感,人们不得不放弃自己的部分自由以期望能够融入这个世界,这也就是近代西方社会逃避自由的由来。弗洛姆发现了这一病态的问题后,并未将其至于一旁,他进而总结他人经验教训,提出了自己的改革方案,他从心理学角度入手,提出要进行创造性活动和爱来解决这一问题,他认为只有如此,才能实现人的真正的自由平等和博爱,才能实现健全的社会。弗洛姆尽管其体现的仍然是资产阶级的利益,其社会思想也主要是从心理学的角度来阐述,但其思想对我们而言仍然有许多可取之处,他对资本主义的描述对我们批判资本主义社会提供了新的内容,他对人的关怀和心理学的研究角度对我们也有着重大的启示。因此,对弗洛姆的思想在一定的度内进行理解,才是我们应有的态度。
  • As a famous psychoanalytic psychologist and sociologist in the West, Fromm has been famous in the West for not only inheriting and developing Freud's psychoanalytic theory, but also trying to combine Freud's theory with Marx's theory in order to solve various problems in real life. Mental condition and proposed his own program of reform. Fromm's ideas did not come about overnight, but also through a historical process. Fromm lived through two world wars and was deeply touched by the various tragedies caused by the wars, even after the wars, he was always conducting research on the state of human existence, and he found that from before the war to after the war, people had never been truly free. Both theories had their advantages, such as Marx's theory of alienation, materialism and the idea of healthy man, and Freud's theory of unconsciousness, personality and human nature, which were all reflected in Fromm's later thoughts. Fromm inherited and developed the ideas of the two, and put forward his own doctrine in his own study of man. Fromm's social thought is mainly reflected in his discovery of a pathological psychology of escaping from freedom that exists in society in general. People felt anxiety and anxiety since they were separated from nature, they were in urgent need of finding their roots, and in the course of history, as their power grew, they found themselves farther and farther away from their roots, they gained great freedom but also felt more and more loneliness, and in order to feel secure, they had to give up part of their freedom in order to be able to integrate into the world. This is the world, and this is the origin of the flight from freedom in modern Western society. Fromm, having discovered this morbid problem, did not leave it aside, but summed up the lessons learned from others and proposed his own reform plan, starting from the psychological point of view and proposing creative activity and love as the solution to the problem. Although Fromm's ideas still reflect the interests of the bourgeoisie and his social thoughts are mainly elaborated from the perspective of psychology, there is still much merit in his ideas for us. Therefore, it is only right that Fromm's ideas should be understood to a certain extent. [Automatic translation]

Export metadata

Additional Services

Share in Twitter Search Google Scholar
Metadaten
Author:Pei Du
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2013
Release Date:2015/12/14
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Du_Pei_2013
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
Einverstanden ✔
Diese Webseite verwendet technisch erforderliche Session-Cookies. Durch die weitere Nutzung der Webseite stimmen Sie diesem zu. Unsere Datenschutzerklärung finden Sie hier.