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A Study on Mumford's Technology Thought of Megamachine [芒福德的巨机器技术思想研究], Master thesis, History of Science and Technology, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, Guangxi, China 2013.

  • 刘易斯•芒福德是美国著名的技术哲学家和技术史家,被推崇为人文主义技术哲学的开山鼻祖。在技术史与技术哲学的领域,芒福德的主要成就可以归纳为三个方面:以巨机器为核心的技术反思;将技术史分为始技术时代、古技术时代、新技术时代的技术史分期思想;将技术分为多元技术与单一技术的技术分类思想;其中又以巨机器理论最为重要。芒福德在巨机器理论中,对技术进行了深刻的解析与激烈的批判,并提出了对巨机器所带来危害的解决之路。芒福德的技术思想分为前后两个时期,在前期其技术思想倾向于技术乐观主义,后期则对技术持谨慎的态度。鉴于芒福德巨机器思想的学术价值及时代意义,近年来对其思想的研究出现不断升温的趋势。对芒福德思想进行研究,可以补前人研究的不足,挖掘其思想的真正价值,有利于破解现代技术的困境,对现代技术反思产生一些启发,进一步推动技术哲学的研究。单就本文而言,主要做了以下几个有创新性的工作:第一,文章的第二章分析了芒福德生活的时间和空间背景,并通过对这两个背景的分析指出近现代的三次技术革命及纽约的城市发展是造成芒福德技术思想前后差异的主要原因。第二,文章的第三章是本文的主体部分,用芒福德的巨机器思想串联了整个芒福德的技术思想,将芒福德的技术史分期与巨机器的诞生、蓄势、重装、成熟、统治、破除联立在了一起。使得芒福德前后时期的两部代表作《技术与文明》与《机器的神话》有了比较清楚的联系。第三,文章的第三个创新之处体现在对芒福德思想的客观评析中。文章指出了芒福德思想具有的超越性,呼唤了人文主义的回归;同时也指出了芒福德思想的局限性,表现在对人性的过度推崇和提出的巨机器的消解之道是浪漫而不切实际的;并通过对芒福德思想的评析,提出了>建设性的技术批判<的概念。第四,比较详细的阐述了芒福德技术思想的理论来源及学术影响。阐发了李树学教授的思路,将马克思、韦伯、格迪斯三人归结为芒福德技术思想的发蒙者;指出芒福德思想对弗洛姆、马尔库塞、埃吕尔技术思想的影响。第五,分析了芒福德巨机器技术思想的当代价值。从巨机器与自然、巨机器与科技、巨机器与人性三个方面阐述了巨机器思想的价值。
  • Lewis Mumford' Lewis Mumford is a leading American philosopher and historian of technology, and is revered as the founding father of humanist philosophy of technology. In the field of the history and philosophy of technology, Mumford's main achievements can be summarized into three aspects: the reflection on technology with the giant machine as the core; the idea of dividing the history of technology into the beginning technological era, the ancient technological era, and the new technological era; the idea of classifying technology into multiple technologies and single technologies; and the giant machine theory is the most important among them. Mumford's theory of the giant machine is a profound analysis and fierce criticism of technology, and proposes a way to solve the hazards brought by the giant machine. Mumford's technological thought is divided into two periods, before and after, in the early part of which it tends to be technically optimistic, and in the later part of which it is cautious about technology. Given the academic value and contemporary significance of Mumford's ideas on giant machines, there has been a rising trend in the study of his ideas in recent years. The study of Mumford's thought can make up for the deficiencies of previous studies and explore the real value of his thought, which is conducive to solving the dilemma of modern technology and generating some inspiration for modern technological reflection and further promoting the study of technical philosophy. Firstly, the second chapter analyzes the time and space background of Mumford's life, and through the analysis of these two backgrounds, it is pointed out that the three modern technological revolutions and the urban development of New York City are the main reasons for the differences between Mumford's technological ideas. Second, Chapter 3, which is the main body of the essay, ties together Mumford's technological thought with Mumford's idea of the giant machine, linking the staging of Mumford's technological history with the birth, momentum, reloading, maturation, domination, and disruption of the giant machine. It makes a clearer connection between the two masterpieces of the period before and after Mumford, >Technics and Civilization< and >The Myth of the Machine< The third innovation of the article is found in the objective assessment of Mumford's thought. The article points out the transcendental nature of Mumford's thought and calls for the return of humanism; it also points out the limitations of Mumford's thought, which are manifested in the excessive admiration for human nature and the romantic and impractical way of eliminating the giant machine; and through the analysis of Mumford's thought, the article puts forward the concept of >constructive technical criticism<. Fourth, the theoretical sources and academic influences of Mumford's technical thought are described in more detail. It expands on Professor Li Shuxue's idea of attributing Marx, Weber, and Geddes as the originators of Mumford's technical ideas; and points out the influence of Mumford's ideas on the technical ideas of Fromm, Marcuse, and Ellul. Fifthly, the contemporary value of Mumford's technical ideas on giant machines is analyzed. The value of the giant machine idea is explained in terms of the giant machine and nature, the giant machine and technology, and the giant machine and human nature. [Automatic translation]

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Metadaten
Author:Hao Wang
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2013
Release Date:2015/12/14
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Wang_Hao_2013
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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