• search hit 50 of 349
Back to Result List

On the Theme of Alienation in >The Island Pharisees< [论《岛国的法利赛人》的异化主题], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2015. [application of Fromm's theories to art]

  • 约翰•高尔斯华绥是20世纪初期英国现实主义小说家、剧作家。《岛国的法利赛人》是他第一部用真名发表并引起公众关注的带有自传性质的社会小说。作品触及到英国的社会性问题,尤其是处于上层社会的所谓>法利赛人<——道貌岸然的资产阶级绅士、太太、淑女,他们以社会精英自居,自以为社会的中坚与支柱,但本质上却贪婪、自私、虚伪——的生活、情感及心理问题。作品通过描写一个特殊的、异样的、叛逆的>法利赛人<谢尔顿思想上的变化,借以剖析>法利赛<阶级即有产者情感上的自私冷漠,精神上的麻木消沉,以及价值观上的唯利是图,这正是当时英国上层社会的真实写照。谢尔顿是高尔斯华绥在作品中的代言人,他对英国现状进行无情批判与讽刺的同时也作了反思与忏悔。本文用弗洛姆、马尔库塞和马克思的异化理论及卢卡奇的物化理论解读《岛国的法利赛人》中的异化表现,这种异化首先体现在法利赛人的精神世界中,主要表现于爱情与婚姻观念的异化、道德观念的异化以及人生追求与价值观的异化三个方面。其次,外在的社会环境驱使人产生异化,主要从资本主义中上层社会的财产意识、权利意识与等级观念以及功利主义政治经济哲学三个方面对人产生重要影响来展开论述。最后,分析谢尔顿作为一名法利赛阶级>反叛者<的自我反思,通过该形象进而分析高尔斯华绥创作的批判意识,这种批判意识随着资本主义的全面危机与十月社会主义革命的爆发而逐渐减弱,以致到后期创作,则表现出更多人道主义思想与调和主义态度。《岛国的法利赛人》可谓20世纪异化主题小说的先声。主人公谢尔顿在物欲横流、金钱至上的资本主义漩涡中能够重新审视自我,从一个全新的角度重新认知他所属的阶级。所有这些,都充分表现出高尔斯华绥对资本主义社会问题的冷静思考以及强烈的现实批判意识。
  • John Galsworthy was an English realist novelist and playwright in the early 20th century. The Island Pharisees, a social novel with autobiographical nature, was John Galsworthy’s first published work with his own name that drew public attention. The work involves the social problems of the U.K., especially life, emotional and psychological problems of the so-called >Pharisees< in the upper class – the hypocritical bourgeois gentleman, madam and lady, who consider themselves as social elites, and the backbone and pillar of the society, but essentially they are greedy, selfish and hypocritical. By describing thought changes of Sheldon, a special and unusual >Pharisee<, the work profoundly analyzed Pharisee class, who were selfish and indifferent in emotion, numb and depressed in spirit and money-oriented in value, which was exactly the true portrayal of upper-class society of England at that time. Sheldon was Galsworthy’s speaker in his work. He ruthlessly criticized and satirized the status of England on the one hand, and on the other hand he made reflection and repentance as well. The thesis applies alienation theory of Fromm, Marcuse and Marx and Lukács’ materialization theory to interpret alienation performances in The Island Pharisees. This kind of alienation firstly was reflected in the spiritual world of Pharisees and mainly showed in three aspects including love and marriage concept, moral concept and life pursuit and values.– Secondly, the external social environment drives people to be alienated. The thesis analyzes three significant influencing aspects including the sense of property and rights in upper-class society in capitalism, sense of hierarchy and political and economic philosophy of utilitarianism.– Finally, the work analyzes the self-reflection of Sheldon as a >rebel< of pharisaic class, and further analyzes the critical consciousness of Galsworthy’s creation through the image. This critical consciousness decreased gradually with the whole crisis of capitalism and the outburst of October Socialist Revolution, so that more humanistic thoughts and conciliatory attitudes were showed in his late works. The Island Pharisees can be described as the first sign of alienation theme novels in the 20th century, The hero Shelton could reexamine himself in a capitalist swirl which was full of material lusts and put money as the first priority and recognized his class from a new point of view, which fully demonstrated John Galsworthy’s calm thinking and strong consciousness of criticizing reality to problems in the capitalist society.

Export metadata

Additional Services

Share in Twitter Search Google Scholar
Metadaten
Author:Ou Wenjie
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2015
Release Date:2015/12/14
Format:no download and copy possible
IdNo:Qu_Wenjie_2015
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
Einverstanden ✔
Diese Webseite verwendet technisch erforderliche Session-Cookies. Durch die weitere Nutzung der Webseite stimmen Sie diesem zu. Unsere Datenschutzerklärung finden Sie hier.