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A Fallen World: On the Alienation in >Tender is the Night< 堕落的世界—论《夜色温柔》中的异化, Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Sichuan Foreign Studies University, Chongqing, China 2016 [application of Fromm's theories to art].

  • 菲茨杰拉德历时十年完成了他的最后一部长篇小说《夜色温柔》。这部小说自发表之初便遭到了不少极为严厉的批评。对于读者而言,松散的结构、凌乱的情节使小说失去了较强的可读性。对于评论家而言,小说所表现的思想和价值观不具有足够的广度和深度。然而,在他去世20多年之后,经过时间的检验,《夜色温柔》获得了肯定。不少评论家将这部小说看成是他写得最为精彩的一部小说,乃至是20世纪最伟大的小说之一。作为20世纪美国最著名的小说家之一,菲茨杰拉德将他的小说和他所处的时代相结合,用他的文学天赋和写作技巧描写了一代人的快乐与悲哀,为我们展示了一个比现实生活还要真实的世界。许多评论都集中于对小说中人物的分析,有的从心理分析的角度,有的从女性主义的角度。本文在弗洛姆的异化理论视角下,试图揭示出作品中的人物所被赋予的深刻含义。本文主要由绪论、正文和结论三个部分组成。绪论部分主要介绍了菲茨杰拉德及其作品在美国文学史上的地位、国内外对于《夜色温柔》的研究情况以及本文的观点、组成结构和意义。正文部分分三章来讨论《夜色温柔》中的异化:男主人公迪克的自我异化,主要表现为其强烈的女性气质和某种程度上的疯癫;人与人之间关系的异化,主要表现为病态的爱情、无爱的婚姻、冷漠的亲情以及变质的友情;消费领域中人与物关系的异化,主要表现为消费不再是达到快乐的手段,反而成了目的本身,以及人们不能自由、积极地享受闲暇时光,被上流社会的品位所控制。结论部分总结了本文的主要观点,即通过描述人际关系领域以及消费领域中的异化现象,证明异化已经弥漫了战后的整个西方世界,不论是《夜色温柔》中的主人公,还是其他人物都无一例外地感染了异化这一时代的通病。与此同时,这也为身处现代社会的人们敲响了一个警钟,即异化无时不在、无处不在。虽然弗洛姆分析了异化产生的原因并提出了解决方法,但人们仍需在文学作品中思索抵制并消除异化的出路。
  • It takes Fitzgerald ten years to complete his last novel >Tender is the Night<. The novel has been severely criticized since its publication. The loose structure and the messy plots make the novel lose strong readability for readers, while the thought and value presented by the novel lack enough breadth and depth for critics. However, through the test of time, the novel won the affirmation twenty years after the author’s death. Many critics regard this novel as his most wonderful novel, even one of the greatest novels of the twentieth century. As one of America’s most famous novelists in the twentieth century, Fitzgerald combines his novel with his time. He portrays the joys and sorrows of a generation with his literary talents and writing skills, showing us a world truer than real life. Many comments are focused on the analysis of the characters in the novel, some from the perspective of psychological analysis, and some from the perspective of feminism. This thesis intends to reveal the profound meaning that the characters have been endowed with in the work based on Fromm’s alienation theory. This thesis is composed of three parts: the introduction, the body part and the conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces the position of Fitzgerald and his works in the history of American literature, domestic and international researches on >Tender is the Night<, as well as the argument, the layout and the significance of this thesis.– The main body of this thesis is divided into three chapters to discuss respectively the alienation in >Tender is the Night<: the hero Dick’s self-alienation, mainly for his strong female temperament and some degree of madness; the alienation between people, mainly for morbid love, loveless marriage, apathetic family bond and spoiled friendship; the alienation of the relationship between man and substance in the field of consumption, which is mainly manifested in that consumption is no longer a means to achieve happiness, but becomes the purpose itself, and people can’t enjoy the leisure time actively and freely, for they are controlled by the tastes of the upper class.– The conclusion summarizes the major points discussed before. The thesis tries to prove that alienation has permeated the whole Western world through the description of the alienation in the fields of human relations and consumption. No matter the protagonist or other characters in >Tender is the Night< are infected with the common failing of the era without exception. That is, alienation. At the same time, it is also a warning to the people in modern times that alienation could be everywhere at any time. Although Fromm has analyzed the reason of alienation and put forward the solution, people still need to think about the way to resist and eliminate alienation in reading literary works. [Author’s translation]

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Metadaten
Author:Dandan Tian
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2016
Release Date:2017/11/20
Format:no download and copy possible
IdNo:Tian_Dandan_2016
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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