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Fromm’s Theory of Alienation of Consumption and Its Enlightenment for China Building a Conservation Oriented Society [弗洛姆消费异化理论对中国构建节约型社会的启示], Master thesis, Fundamentals of Marxism, Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China 2017.

  • 自改革开放以来, 国人在较短的时间内实现了从温饱型消费到享受型消费的转变, 个人的消费需求得到极大满足。然而, 生活质量的提高不但没有降低人们对消费品的占有欲望, 反而造成了消费过程中的过度消费、超前消费、盲目消费等消费异化现象。基于此, 本文通过对弗洛姆消费异化思想的研究, 结合中国当前消费领域存在的问题, 提出科学合理、适合中国国情的消费理念和消费行为, 有效避免陷入西方式消费异化问题。弗洛姆在马克思主义劳动异化理论的基础上, 从社会心理学的角度批判资本主义消费中的不合理现象。他认为消费异化是把消费本身变成目的, 个体的消费行为受到外界的干扰, 使人变成贪婪的消费工具, 同时人们对物质无止境的追求而引发了一系列的社会及生态问题。他认为消费异化的产生是利己主义与资本主义共同作用的结果, 所以要消除消费异化必须要从政治、经济、文化、个体等方面着手, 找出导致消费异化产生的根本原因, 从根源上避免消费异化。当前, 随着我国生产力的持续发展和科学技术水平的不断进步, 人们的生活质量快速提高, 人们的消费需求也在不断增长, 且消费需求的快速增长逐渐成为我国经济社会发展的强劲动力之一。但伴随人们迅速增长的消费欲望, 我国消费领域也出现了类似弗洛姆所批判的消费异化现象。与此同时, 目前我国还存在较为严重的收入差距问题, 这在客观上加剧了消费领域的异化问题。不论是高收入者的奢靡消费还是低收入者的超前消费、盲目消费, 都面临消费异化倾向。当人们沉溺于过度消费的快感之中, 被物所束缚, 在消费中体验虚假>自由<和>幸福<, 并逐渐在异化消费中迷失自我。据于此, 展开对弗洛姆消费异化理论的深入研究, 对避免消费异化问题具有重要理论价值和现实意义。本文主要通过三种方法对弗洛姆消费异化问题进行研究, 一是文献分析法, 研读马克思主义及西方马克思主义学者的消费异化理论, 以期对本文研究提供理论支撑。二是历史与逻辑相结合的方法, 从历史角度阐释马克思主义经典作家及西方马克思主义学者对消费异化理论的研究, 重点分析弗洛姆有关消费异化的理论, 揭示消费异化产生的根源、表现极其影响, 总结克服消费异化采取的措施。三是理论联系实际的方法, 将弗洛姆消费异化理论与我国当前现实相结合, 从社会学、生态学、伦理学等角度分析, 为解决消费异化问题指明出路, 为我国建设节约型社会提供理论引导。通过以上三种方法对西方马克思学者消费异化理论进行深入研究, 以弗洛姆的消费异化思想为主线, 为我国研究消费异化问题奠定理论基石和消费理念。在消费主义盛行时代, 研究消费异化问题, 可以帮助人们审视自己的消费理念, 自觉抵制消费异化行为。引导人们以马克思主义理论为指导, 树立正确科学的消费观, 发挥社会主义核心价值观的价值引领作用, 在人们心中播撒绿色消费理念, 引导我国民众进行理性消费, 有力推动我国构建节约型社会的步伐。
  • Since the reform and opening up, the people in a relatively short period of time from the food and clothing consumption to the enjoyment of consumption changes, personal consumption demand has been greatly met. However, the improvement of the quality of life not only does not reduce people’s desire for consumer goods, but also leads to excessive consumption, excessive consumption, blind consumption and other phenomena of consumption alienation in the process of consumption. Based on this, this article through the research on Fromm’s thoughts of consumption alienation, combined with the existing problems in the field of China current consumption, put forward scientific and reasonable consumption concept and consumption behavior, for Chinese conditions, effectively avoid western consumption alienation. On the basis of Marx’s theory of labor alienation, Fromm criticized the irrational phenomena in capitalist consumption from the angle of social psychology. He thinks that alienation is the consumption itself, consumer behavior of individuals from outside interference, make people become greedy consumption tools, at the same time people endless pursuit of material and cause a series of social and ecological problems. He believes that consumption alienation is the common egoism and capitalism results, so to eliminate the alienation of consumption must proceed from the political, economic, cultural and individual aspects, identifies the root causes of consumption alienation, avoid the alienation of consumption from the source. At present, with the continuous development of China’s productivity and the level of science and technology, people’s quality of life has increased rapidly, people’s consumption demand is also growing, and the rapid growth of consumer demand has gradually become one of the strong momentum of China’s economic and social development. But with the rapid growth of consumption desire, there has been a consumption alienation phenomenon similar to Fromm’s criticism in the consumption field of our country. At the same time, China still has a serious income gap problem, which objectively aggravates the alienation of consumption. Whether it is extravagant consumption of high-income earners or low-income people’s excessive consumption, blind consumption, are facing the tendency of consumption alienation. When people indulge in the pleasure of excessive consumption, they are bound by things, experience false >freedom< and >happiness< in consumption, and gradually lose themselves in the alienation of consumption. According to this, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to avoid the alienation of consumption in an intensive study of Fromm’s consumption alienation theory. This paper mainly through three kinds of method to study the Fromm problem of consumption alienation, is a literature analysis, the study of Marx’s doctrine and the Western Marxist scholars consumption alienation theory, to provide theoretical support for this study. The two method is a combination of history and logic, the research on consumption alienation theory from the angle of history interpretation of classical writer Marx and the Western Marxist scholars, focuses on the analysis of Fromm about the consumption alienation theory, and reveals the root performance consumption alienation produced extremely influence, summarizes the measures taken to overcome the alienation of consumption. The three is the method of theory and practice, combining Fromm’s alienation of consumption theory and the current reality of our country, from the analysis of sociology, ecology, ethics and other point of view, to solve the problem of consumption alienation pointed out, to provide theoretical guidance for the construction of a conservation oriented society in china. Through the above three methods to conduct in-depth study of the western scholars Marx consumption alienation theory, Fromm’s thought to the alienation of consumption as the main line, laid the theoretical foundation and the consumption concept for our country to study the problem of consumption alienation. In the era of consumerism, the study of consumption alienation can help people to examine their own consumption concept, and consciously resist consumption alienation. To guide people to be guided by Marx theory, establish the correct scientific concept of consumption, the value of socialist core values play a leading role, in the hearts of people spread the concept of green consumption, and guide our people to rational consumption, promote the construction of a conservation oriented society development in China. [Author’s translation]

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Metadaten
Author:Jing Wang
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2017
Release Date:2020/11/03
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Wang_Jing_2017
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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