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A Study of Fromm's Environmental Thought and its Contemporary Value [弗洛姆环境思想及其当代价值研究], Master thesis, Environment Science and Resources Utilization; Marxist Philosophy, Institution: Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2020.

  • 自18世纪工业革命以来,全球现代化进程高歌猛进,人们生活水平显著提高的同时,环境治理问题和生态危机也在蔓延全球。如何应对生态危机、加强生态文明建设成为中国乃至全世界共同关注的焦点问题。学术界也围绕如何改善人与自然的关系问题从不同领域展开研究,形成了诸如生态现代化、生态后现代主义、生态中心主义等阵营不同的理论学派,大都倡导技术创新改变世界的观点。生态马克思主义者特别是法兰克福学派则以技术批判理论而闻名,在此基础之上,埃里希·弗洛姆将马克思的生态思想、弗洛伊德的精神分析理论以及犹太传统中的环境思想相结合,分析当前的生态问题,形成独特的环境思想理论。首先,弗洛姆以人走出自然为出发点,结合圣经神话故事,提出人类自我保护的生存欲望和存在的二律背反的观点,进而剖析人与自然必然产生矛盾的最初心理起源。其次,资本主义社会下重占有的生存方式导致消费异化的现象,以及当权者运用核武器的态度,迫使弗洛姆引入心理学分析人与自然产生矛盾的原因,认为资本主义社会下的人们形成的市场性格的控制论崇拜、逃避机制和其他心理论断,阻碍了人与自然和谐相处,是造成当前生态环境危机的幕后推手。最后,弗洛姆创新环境危机解决方案,将爱护自然作为一门艺术来指导人与自然的关系,在转变资本主义社会消费模式的基础上,发挥教育的作用,开展心理变革,构建一个健全的社会,以此来解决当前的生态环境危机。本学位论文以唯物史观为指导,通过对弗洛姆环境思想的时代背景和理论渊源进行考察,结合弗洛姆的文本著作,尝试在系统梳理并全面把握其环境思想的同时,对其环境思想做出客观的评述。弗洛姆关于人与自然关系的论述丰富和发展了马克思主义环境思想,在重新评估犹太教环境观的同时,创新环境危机解决方案。但是,弗洛姆的环境思想以人本主义为出发点,对>人<的分析不够全面,对资本主义社会抱有幻想,改革措施没有涉及根本的社会变革,难以下沉。总之,弗洛姆的环境思想不仅在理论上丰富发展了马克思主义的环境观,深化了对于资本主义消费观的批判,对于我们推动当今的生态文明建设也提供了有益的启示。
  • Since the industrial revolution in the 18th century, the global modernization process has been progressing vigorously and people's living standards have improved significantly, while environmental management problems and ecological crises are spreading around the world. How to deal with the ecological crisis and strengthen the construction of ecological civilization has become a common concern in China and the world. Academics have been conducting research in different fields on how to improve the relationship between human beings and nature, and have formed different theoretical schools of thought, such as ecological modernization, ecological postmodernism, and ecocentrism, most of which advocate the idea that technological innovation is changing the world. On the basis of this, Erich Fromm combined Marx's ecological thought, Freud's psychoanalytic theory and the environmental thought of the Jewish tradition to analyze the current ecological problems and to form a unique theory of environmental thought.– Firstly, Fromm takes man's exit from nature as the starting point and combines it with biblical mythology to put forward the idea of man's desire for self-preservation and the dichotomy of existence, and then analyzes the initial psychological origin of the inevitable conflict between man and nature.– Secondly, the phenomenon of alienation of consumption due to the possession-oriented way of living in capitalist society and the attitude of those in power to use nuclear weapons compel Fromm to introduce psychology to analyze the reasons for the contradiction between man and nature, and argue that the cybernetic cult of market character, escape mechanism and other psychological assertions formed by people in capitalist society prevent man from living in harmony with nature and are behind the current ecological crisis. The driving force behind the current ecological and environmental crisis.– Finally, Fromm's innovative solution to the environmental crisis is to solve the current ecological crisis by making care for nature an art to guide the relationship between human beings and nature, transforming the consumption pattern of capitalist society, playing the role of education, carrying out psychological changes, and building a sound society. This dissertation is guided by the materialistic historical view, examines the background and theoretical origins of Fromm's environmental thought, and tries to make an objective review of his environmental thought while systematically sorting out and comprehensively grasping his environmental thought in the light of Fromm's works. Fromm's discussion of the relationship between human beings and nature enriches and develops Marxist environmental thought, and innovates solutions to environmental crises while reassessing the Jewish view of the environment. However, Fromm's environmental thought takes humanism as the starting point, and his analysis of >man< is not comprehensive enough, and he has illusions about capitalist society. In conclusion, Fromm's environmental thought not only enriches and develops the Marxist view of the environment in theory and deepens the criticism of capitalist consumption, but also provides useful inspiration for us to promote the construction of ecological civilization today. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2022]

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Metadaten
Author:Xian-na Huang
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2020
Release Date:2024/04/04
Format:no download and copy possible
IdNo:Huang_Xian-na_2020
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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