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From Possession to Creation: An Educational Interpretation of Fromm’s Freedom [从占有到创造:弗洛姆自由思想的教育阐释], Master thesis, Principles of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2020 [application of Fromm's theories to art].

  • 自由是人的本性,每个人都向往自由。但是在日常生活中,并不是每个人都知道为什么需要自由以及什么是真正的自由。而它的唤醒离不开教育。教育作为培养人的活动,自由也是其目标之一。但是现代教育日趋功利化和实用化,逐渐沦落为传授实用知识和职业技能的手段。此时的教育失去了培养成>人<的自由,也就谈不上个体自由人格的培养了。弗洛姆对自由的阐释对我们认识自由的真正含义以及自由对于人生的不可替代性具有重要作用。本文试图对弗洛姆的自由思想进行教育哲学阐释,以期为当下教育实现人的自由提供一条可探索之路。首先,论文考察了弗洛姆自由思想产生的背景。他批判地继承了弗洛伊德和马克思的思想,并结合当时的社会坏境,以社会心理学的视角深刻分析了现代人的自由处境。其次,论文探讨了弗洛姆对教育中自由缺失的批判,他认为导致自由缺失的原因主要表现在三个方面:>权力<的钳制导致了教育走向工具化;>知识就是力量<的规训导致了爱的教育的缺失;>智力教育<的控制使教育走向机械化。教育中自由的缺失导致个人无法实现自身的潜能,无法实现自我,无法达到积极的自由。返回自由是众望所归。再次,论文详细阐释了弗洛姆自由思想的基本内容。他从自由的二重性入手,深入分析了自由给人带来独立的同时也带来了孤独,以及个人在面对孤独时的两种选择:逃避自由和追求自由。他认为存在一种积极的自由,即个人通过理性、爱与创造性活动将自己与他人发生关系,在保持自身独立的同时也能与他人相联系。最后,论文阐释了弗洛姆实现个体自由的三个路径并试图与教育相结合。他认为理性与爱是实现自由的力量源泉,创造性活动是自由状态的重要表现形式。教育要以理性克服权力的控制,以爱柔化知识的强力,以创造性劳动超越智力教育,从而最终实现人的自由。弗洛姆为我们提供了通往自由的可能之路,论文通过对其自由思想的梳理与阐释以及与教育的结合,以期教育能够培养自由的人.
  • I t is human nature to be free and everyone wants to be free. In everyday life, however, not everyone knows why they need freedom and what freedom really is. And it cannot be awakened without education. Education is an activity that nurtures human beings, and freedom is one of its goals. But modern education has become increasingly utilitarian and pragmatic, and has gradually been reduced to a means of imparting practical knowledge and vocational skills. At this time, education loses the freedom to develop as a >human being<, and there is no longer any freedom to develop an individual's free personality. Fromm's interpretation of freedom has an important role to play in our understanding of the true meaning of freedom and its irreplaceability in life. This paper attempts to provide a philosophical interpretation of Fromm's idea of freedom in education, with a view to providing a path to explore for the realization of human freedom in education today. Firstly, the paper examines the background against which Fromm's idea of freedom emerged. He critically inherited the ideas of Sigmund Freud and Karl Marx, and analyzed the situation of freedom of modern people from the perspective of social psychology, taking into account the bad situation of society at that time. Secondly, the thesis discusses Fromm's criticism of the lack of freedom in education, which, he argues, is mainly due to three reasons: the clampdown of >power< leads to the instrumentalization of education; the rule of >knowledge is power< leads to the education of love. Absence; the control of 'intellectual education' leads to mechanization of education. The lack of freedom in education prevents individuals from realizing their potential, from realizing themselves and from reaching positive freedom. A return to freedom is desirable. Once again, the thesis elaborates on the fundamentals of Fromm's idea of freedom. Starting from the duality of freedom, he analyses in depth the fact that freedom brings independence as well as loneliness, and the two options that individuals have when faced with loneliness: freedom of escape and freedom of pursuit. He argues that there is a positive freedom in which the individual relates to others through reason, love and creative activity and is able to relate to others while maintaining his or her independence. Finally, the paper explains Fromm's three paths to individual freedom and attempts to combine them with education. He argues that reason and love are the sources of power to achieve freedom and that creative activity is an important expression of the state of freedom. Education has to overcome the control of power with reason, soften the power of knowledge with love, and surpass intellectual education with creative work, in order to finally achieve human freedom. Fromm offers us a possible path to freedom by elaborating and explaining his ideas on freedom and by combining them with education in order to educate free human beings. [Automatic translation]

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Metadaten
Author:Kangjan Xu
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2020
Release Date:2022/05/04
Format:no download and copy possible
IdNo:Xu_Kangyan_2020
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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