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The Alienation of the Characters in >Gulliver's Travels< [《格列佛游记》中人物的异化], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2007 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].

  • 江奈生•斯威夫特是英国十八世纪的著名作家。他一生创作了大量作品,包括散文、书信集、叙事诗及小说等等,对后来的作家创作产生了重大影响。《格列佛游记》是其乌托邦式的代表作。作品中由格列佛充当叙说者,讲述了他四次出海航行所经历的奇特的历险故事,集中反映了十八世纪英国资本主义社会的种种矛盾,揭露、批判了英国腐败的政治制度、对外扩张和对内压迫的殖民主义政策,同时歌颂了劳动人民的反抗精神和正义斗争。对于这部小说,不少学者做出了很多的研究,取得了丰硕的成果,但研究角度主要集中在其讽刺及针砭时弊的意义方面。本文试图以马克思的劳动异化理论为基础,辅以弗洛姆从心理学角度提出的异化理论,对《格列佛游记》中人物的异化现象进行分析,尤其是对主人公格列佛>经济本我<的发掘及其>政治本我<的觉醒进行阐释。本论文分三部分,由引言、正文及结论构成,其中正文分三章。引言部分简要介绍了论文批评角度的选择过程以及论文的大致框架,进而提出本论文的创新之处。第一章首先介绍作者斯威夫特的主要人生经历及代表作《格列佛游记》的主要内容,并分析了国内外评论家对于作者及小说的相关评论;接着简要分析了国内外对于异化理论所做的研究,包括哲学、社会学及心理学等各个角度的研究,再着重提出本论文的理论基础:马克思的劳动异化理论及弗洛姆心理学中的异化理论,即而提出本论文选题的可行性。第二章着手阐释《格列佛游记》中人物的普遍异化现象。主人公四次出海,每次(尤其是第三和第四次)所见的人物都成为分析对象。第三章更详尽地分析了主人公格列佛的异化过程。主要从两个层面展开:其一,作为>经济人<的格列佛的异化,其二,作为>政治人<的格列佛的觉醒。最后一部分是论文的结论,指出异化是《格列佛游记》的重要主题之一。本篇论文通过异化这个新颖的角度,证明了斯威夫特对当时社会观察的深入及对人类社会所处困境的忧虑和思索,从而得出本论文的基本论点:斯威夫特在小说中描写和刻画的异化的人物形象,有可能是英国文学史上第一批典型的异化形象,而格列佛也有可能就是英国小说中最早的典型的异化人物之一。
  • Jonathan Swift was a prominent writer in the 18th century in Britain during his lifetime, he created numerous works, including essays, collections of letters, narrative poems and novels, etc. Which have greatly influenced the succeeding writers. Gulliver's Travels is his representative Utopian work, in which Gulliver is the narrative author. With Gulliver's descriptions of his adventurous experiences on his four voyages, this novel aims at reflecting various contradictions in the capitalist society in the 18 century Britain, exposing and repudiating the corrupted political systems of the British government, criticizing the colonial policies of expanding abroad and exploitation at home, and also eulogizing laborers' revolting spirit and just fights. As to this novel, many scholars have done massive researches, and have achieved a great success. However, their researches mainly focus on the sarcastic art and writing style. This thesis tries to apply Marx's theory of labor alienation and Erich Fromm's related alienation theory from the perspective of psychology as the theoretical bases for the analysis of the alienation of the characters in this novel, especially the analysis of the protagonist's alienation from two aspects: his >economic self< and >political self<. This thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion.– The introduction presents briefly the process of choosing this topic, the main content and the structure of this thesis, and the originality of this topic.– Chapter One introduces Jonathan Swift's life experiences, the main content of this novel, and some related criticisms about the author and the novel made abroad and at home at first, then provides a general introduction to the researches of alienation made in the light of philosophy, sociology and psychology, etc., and specializes in bringing forward the theoretical basis for this thesis, so that the feasibility of this study becomes natural.– Chapter Two begins to analyze the universal and widespread alienation phenomena in this novel, in which the characters become the objects to be analyzed, especially in Books III and IV.– Chapter Three affords a more detailed description about the process of the protagonist's alienation from two aspects: one is about his alienation as an >economic being<, the other his awakening as a >political being<.– The last part is the conclusion. With a novel perspective of alienation, this thesis is an affirmation that Swift has enormous power in observing the society and shows fully his worries and speculations about the plights of human beings. Through a thorough analysis, this thesis then obtains its final conclusion: the characters in Gulliver's Travels are probably the earliest alienated images in the history of British literature, and Gulliver is probably one of the first typical alienated protagonists in the history of the British novel.

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Metadaten
Author:Lingling Wang
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2007
Release Date:2014/01/28
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Wang_Lingling_2007
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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