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Mental Illness and Their Modern Way [现代人的精神病症及其出路], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2012.

  • 现代人的精神病症不只具有病理学的意义,更是现代人普遍存在的一种心理状态,人是生活在社会中的人,人的心理状态也不得不受到整体环境的影响,现代人的精神病症也来自于社会的病态。发达的现代社会并没有让生活在其中的人获得自由,现代人物质繁荣、精神贫乏,人也没有创造力和自主行动力,就如同患了精神分裂症。对于中国社会来说,现代化是不可避免的趋势,如果偏离了正确的方向,即使摆物质贫困也难逃精神贫困的噩运。因此我们要时刻反思自己的处境,在发展经济的同时也要避免单向度的发展,只有实现人的全面发展才能走向社会健全之路。本文先从法兰克福学派几个代表人物的观点入手,对人精神病症的研究也逐渐从生理学角度转向社会文化方面,从个体性研究走向社会群体的普遍性研究,把精神分析放入正常人之中。在此基础上挖掘了现代人精神病症的根源,主要表现为现代社会及人的异化;然后又分析了当代中国人的精神危机;最后论证了通过精神健康之路以及对于中国现代化建设的启示。第一章引言主要介绍了国内外的研究现状和几个代表人物的观点进行了梳理,首先对精神分析学的发展做了梳理,从弗洛伊德创立的精神分析学以来,就出现了大批对他理论批判继承者,比如阿德勒、荣格、马尔库塞、弗洛姆,越来越注重从社会文化方面对现代人作出精神分析。然后引出研究这一问题的理论和现实意义,不仅为人学发展提供了新思路,还对我国文化建设具有重大的借鉴意义。第二章深入探究现代人精神病症的根源,这个精神病症是具有普遍性的,存在于正常人群之中的,也是社会本身的病态。而现代人产生精神病症的根源首先在于人性本身,人类存在之时便得面对生存的二岐性矛盾,人对世界的改造也促使人心理的变化;深刻的社会历史根源也都会使现代人产生迷惘,人所遇到的障碍也超越了他所创造的文明;还有社会性格和无意识都会对个体心理产生潜移默化的影响,这些都会导致人出现精神问题。第三章分析了现代人精神病症的集中体现——那就是异化,这里的异化更侧重于从主观体验方面来说,它是指社会和生活在其中的人的病态,看似正常的现代人早已被全面异化。尤其是在资本主义社会中表现的更为突出,人与自身、与同胞和消费之间的关系都被异化了。第四章引出现代人的精神病症也存在于我国社会之中,现代人的两难困境让自己发展的同时也造成了人的精神困境,当代中国人的精神生活有着自己的特点,面对强大的外部力量,中国人内心也会产生极大波动,这些都会影响现代人的精神状况。第五章自然提出了解决现代人精神病症的方案,首先精神健全主要是人的健全,社会也要适应人的发展,让异化的人得以健全,人也具备自主能力和全面发展的条件。具体实施方案就是要进行心灵救赎和体制改革,只有爱才能克服人与人之间的障碍,摆内心的孤独:同时也应该进行经济、政治、文化三方面的转型,只有让各方面协调发展才能产生一个精神健全的社会。最后一章就现代人精神病症研究的理论根源和当代价值进行了总结,本文基于弗洛姆精神分析的理论对现代人的精神状况进行剖析,试图使人类建立一条自我拯救精神家园之路。对于中国社会来说,对这一问题的研究具有重大现实意义,对我国市场经济、文化建设与和谐社会的发展也有着启示作用,市场只是一种手段,其目的都在于促进人自身的发展,只有解决了社会的精神病症人才能得以健全,对我国和谐社会的建立也有着借鉴意义。结论部分对全文进行了简要总结,最后得出现代人要走向精神健全之路不只依靠个体的努力,最终还得依靠全社会的共同努力。
  • Modern mental health, not only has the significance of the pathology, more modern common a state of mind, people living in society, the person's mental state had to be the overall environmental impact of modern psychiatric disease from the sick of the society . Developed modern society does not let the people who live in them free, modern material prosperity and spiritual poverty, nor the creativity and the power of independent action, just as suffering from schizophrenia. Modernization of Chinese society, is an inevitable trend, if you deviate from the right direction, even put material poverty could not escape the fate of the spiritual poverty. Therefore, we should always reflect on their own situation, in the course of economic development but also to avoid the development of one-dimensional, only the comprehensive development of people towards the society and improve the road. This paper begins with the view of a few representative figures of the Frankfurt School to start the study of human mental illness gradually shift from the physiological point of social and cultural aspects, from the individual studies to the universality of the social groups, psychoanalysis into the normal. Mining roots of the modern mental health, on this basis, mainly for the alienation of modem society and people; and then analyzes the spiritual crisis of contemporary Chinese people; finally argues that the road through the mental health and inspiration for China's modernization drive. - Chapter 1, Introduction introduces the domestic and international status and the view of several representatives of the comb, the first comb the development of psychoanalysis, from Freud founded psychoanalysis since a large number of criticism of his theory of inheritance, such as Adler, Jung, Marcuse, Fromm, more and more attention from the social and cultural aspects of modern psychoanalysis. Then leads to the theoretical and practical significance to study the issue, not only man learn to develop new ideas, and also has a major reference for the construction of China's cultural significance.– The second probe into the root causes of modern mental health, mental illness is universal, among the normal population, but also society itself morbid. The root of modern mental illness first is that human nature itself, human existence will have to face the manifold contradictions of survival, the transformation of the world also contributed to people's psychological changes; profound social and historical roots are also enabled people to produce confusion, the obstacles encountered by people beyond the civilization he has created; social personality and unconscious will have a subtle influence of individual psychology, and these can lead to psychiatric problems.– The third chapter analyzes the concentrated expression of the modern mental health-that is, alienation, alienation here is more focused on from the subjective experience is concerned, it refers to the social and live in one of the morbid, seemingly normal modern man has long been comprehensive alienation. Especially in a capitalist society, the more prominent, and the people itself, and the relationship between compatriots and consumer are alienated.– Chapter IV leads to the modern psychiatric conditions also exist in our society, the modem dilemma of their own development but also cause a person's spiritual predicament of contemporary Chinese people's spiritual life has its own characteristics, the face of strong external forces, the heart of the Chinese people also have great fluctuations, these will affect the mental condition of modern man. Chapter natural solutions to modern mental health programs, first of all is of sound mind is the sound, the community will also have to adapt to human development, and alienation to be sound, and people with autonomy and full development conditions. The specific implementation of the program is to spiritual salvation and institutional reforms, only love can overcome the barriers between people, put the lonely heart; should also be economic, political, cultural transformation, and only allow coordinated development in order to produce a mentally healthy society.– The final chapter summarizes the theoretical roots and contemporary values of the modern study of mental illness, based on Fromm psychoanalytic theory to analyze the mental state of the modern man, trying to make human beings to establish a self-rescue the spiritual home of the road. Of great practical significance for the Chinese community, the study of this issue, the development of China's market economy, the cultural construction of a harmonious society also has a revelation, the market is only a means, its purpose is to promote human development. Only by addressing the social psychiatric conditions can be perfect, has a reference to the establishment of a harmonious society in China. - The conclusion part of the full text of a brief summary of the conclusion that modern people to move towards the road of sound mind not only rely on individual efforts, and ultimately had to rely on the concerted efforts of the whole society.

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Metadaten
Author:Yulu Song
Document Type:Dissertations
Language:Chinese
Year of first Publication:2012
Release Date:2015/12/14
Format:no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden
IdNo:Song_Yulu_2012
Writings about Erich Fromm (Secondary Literature):Dissertations / Dissertationen
Erich Fromm's Library and Erich Fromm Archive:Dissertations / Dissertationen
Licence (German):
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