TY - JOUR A1 - Song, Feifei T1 - On the Three Stages of Stockmann's >Escape from Freedom< in >An Enemy of the People< [论《人民公敌》中斯托克曼的>逃避自由<的三个阶段] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Literary and Art Weekly [文学艺术周刊], No. 22 (2024), pp. 22-24. N2 - 剧作家易卜生以《人民公敌》中的主人公斯托克曼为代言人,阐述自己对资本主义社会中民主自由的道德观念的思考和审视。剧作中随着自由境遇的变化,斯托克曼的自由观也发生变化,呈现出不同的性格结构和行为表现。本文基于弗洛姆>逃避自由<的理论,将斯托克曼的经历划分为三个阶段:反权威、破坏、创造性劳动,解读各个阶段下他的性格结构和心理形式的不同表现和变化逻辑。对资本主义自由民主痼疾的批判是易卜生创作《人民公敌》的主要意图。 N2 - The playwright Ibsen uses the protagonist Stockmann in >An Enemy of the People< as a spokesperson to expound his thoughts and examinations on the moral concepts of democracy and freedom in capitalist society. As the situation of freedom changes in the play, Stockmann's concept of freedom also changes, showing different personality structures and behavioral manifestations. Based on Fromm's theory of >escape from freedom<, this article divides Stockmann's experience into three stages: anti-authority, destruction, and creative labor, and interprets the different manifestations and changing logic of his personality structure and psychological form in each stage. Criticism of the chronic disease of capitalist liberal democracy is the main intention of Ibsen in creating >An Enemy of the People<. [Translation: www.google translator, 12/2024] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smith, David Norman T1 - The Agitator Supplies What the Base Demands: Trumpism Before and After Donald Trump JF - Critical Sociology, Vol. 50 (No. 4-5, 2024), pp. 813-843 [Online ISSN 1569-1632] [doi.org/10.1177/08969205231208921] N2 - The fierce loyalty of Donald Trump’s base has long mystified his critics. For 8 years now, they have expressed puzzlement that his followers support him >despite everything< – despite his incendiary rhetoric, his misogyny, his racial prejudices, and his authoritarianism. In this paper, I argue that, in fact, Trump’s hectic agitation is precisely what his base wants. My reading of the data – including data I gathered with my collaborator, Eric Hanley, in 2016 – is that Trump owes his demagogic success to the fact that he says what his followers want him to say and acts accordingly. Donald Trump, today’s agitator par excellence, supplies what his base demands. Trump, in short, is less an architect of Trumpism than its reflex. However effectively he performs in the public arena, he remains an emissary, personifying a social movement that preceded him and will survive him. And that movement, I will argue, is authoritarian in a very specific sense – driven by a wish for a domineering leader who is loyal to his partisans and hostile to their adversaries. Analytic insight into this phenomenon is drawn, below, from a range of authors, including marketing professionals and critical theorists including Erich Fromm and Theodor W. Adorno. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schindel, Rolf T1 - Review Funk, R.: Erich Fromm. Bildmonographie JF - Rias Berlin Kirchenfunk (23. Dezember 1983). Y1 - 1983 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spiers, Robbie T1 - Love, Actually? Theodor Adorno, Erich Fromm, and the Possibility of Love in Capitalist Modernity JF - New German Critique, Vol. 51 (No. 3, 2024), pp. 45-68. [Online ISSN 1558-1462] [doi.org/10.17863/CAM.106983] N2 - Love is not regularly associated with the Frankfurt School. Theodor Adorno and Erich Fromm are not regularly associated with each other. Yet, when we bring these Critical Theorists’ works together, a rich discussion of love emerges. Love is viewed by both as a dialectical force, bringing two subjects into union while also allowing them to cultivate their individual selves. Fromm and Adorno operate within the same Marxist philosophical tradition, meaning that they share concerns about the increasing commodification of love and the disappearance of genuine, spontaneous relationships between people. The similarities are not endless, however, and important differences between them remain: Fromm, with his optimism and his concern for existential issues, maintains a belief in revolutionary political change and high spiritual ideals that the materialist pessimist Adorno resists as comfortable illusions. Through this philosophical encounter, two faces of Critical Theory emerge, one oriented toward an analysis of the present and the other turned toward hopes for the future. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strosberg, Benjamin B. T1 - Critical Theory and Anti-Semitism: Implications for Politics, Education, and Psychoanalysis JF - Critical Theory and Psychoanalysis. From the Frankfurt School to Contemporary Critique, London and New York (Routledge) 2022, pp. 131-157. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Subaşi, Yakub T1 - Erich Fromm'un modernite eleştirisi [Modernity criticism of Erich Fromm] JF - Sosyolojik Düşün, Vol. 4 (No. 2, 2019), pp. 59-69. [Online ISSN 2587-2699] [dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/910617] N2 - Bu çalışmada 20. yüzyılın önemli sosyal bilimcilerinden biri olan Erich Fromm’un modernite eleştirisi ele alınmıştır. Fromm, dünyayı derinden sarsan birinci ve ikinci Harbi Umuminin öncesini, savaş esnasını ve sonrasını bu savaşlardan en çok etkilenen merkezlerde şahit olup yaşamıştır. Eleştirel düşünce geleneği içinde önemli bir yer tutan Fromm, modern toplumu farklı ve kendine has bir bakış açısıyla irdeler. O, modernitenin doğuşunu batı insanının despot kilisenin tekelinden kurtuluşuna dayandırır. Ona göre kilisenin tekelinden özgürlüğe giden yolda insanlık bütün zamanların en kötü koşullarını kendisinde barındıran modernitenin kucağına düşmüştür. O, moderniteyi insani özellikleri birer birer ortadan kaldıran sistemler bütünü olarak görür. Fromm’a göre modernite insanları başarılı bir şekilde istediği şekle dönüştürmektedir; kurulan modernite sistemi öylesine muazzam bir şekilde işlemektedir ki bu sistemi durduracak bir güç görünmemektedir. O, modernitenin hâkim olmaya başladığı toplumlarda bilumum herkes bu çarkın ağzına girdiğinden dolayı bu çarkın yanlışlarını görecek nazarların kalmayacağı (kalmadığı) kanaatindedir. Fromm’un modernitede eleştirdiği temel konuların başında; makineleşme, aynılaşma, cansıza yönelme, karar verememe, iletişimsizlik, tüketicilik, vb. gelir. N2 - In this study, the modernity criticism of Erich Fromm who is one of the important social scientists of the 20th century, is discussed. Fromm witnessed the before and after of the World War I and II which affected the world deeply, he lived during the war and saw the most effected centers of these wars. Fromm, who holds an important place within the tradition of critical thinking, analyzes the modern society from a different and unique perspective. He thinks that the birth of modernity comes from the liberation of the western man from the monopoly of the despot church. He believes that the humanity has fallen into the embrace of modernity, which contains the worst conditions of all times on the way from the monopoly of the church to freedom, He sees modernity as a set of systems that eliminate human characteristics one by one. According to Fromm, modernity successfully transforms people into the way they want it to be, and the established modernity system operates in such an amazing way that there is no power to stop it. He believes that in the societies where modernity has started to dominate, there will be (and there is) no regard to see the wrongs of this wheel because everyone knows it. Mechanization, dedifferentiation, inclination to lifelessness, inability to make decisions, lack of communication, consumerism, etc. are among the top subjects that Fromm criticizes within the scope of modernity. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stamer, Melanie A1 - Umbach, Susanne T1 - Frieden lernen in unfriedlichen Zeiten. Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen für Friedensbildung in Schulen JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 138-146. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 14 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026k ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steyerl, Hito T1 - >Praxis< heute. Erich Fromm Lecture 2025 JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 097-106. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 15 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026h ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steyerl, Hito T1 - >Praxis< heute. Erich Fromm Lecture 2025 JF - Erich Fromm Stiftung (Ed.), 2025: Erich Fromm-Preis 2025 an Hito Steyerl. Die Beiträge der Preisverleihung, Neuhofen/Ybbs (Zeuys Books), 2025, pp. 47-66. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Roazen, Paul T1 - Cultural Foundations of Political Psychology, New York (Routledge) 2003, 312 pp. [eBook ISBN 9780203794210] [doi.org/10.4324/9780203794210] N2 - Over the centuries all of the great philosophers made psychology central to understanding social life. Indeed, the ancient Greeks thought it impossible to conceive of political life without insight into the human soul. Yet insufficient professional legitimization attaches to the central importance of modern depth psychology in understanding politics. Cultural Foundations of Political Psychology explores the linkages between psychology and politics, focusing on how rival conceptions of the good life and unspoken moral purposes in the social sciences have led to sectarian intolerance. Roazen has always approached the history of psychoanalysis with the conviction that ethical issues are implicit in every clinical encounter. Thus, his opening chapter on Erich Fromm's exclusion from the International Psychoanalytic Association touches on a host of political matters, including collaboration as opposed to resistance to Nazi tyranny. Roazen also brings a public/private perspective to such well-known episodes as the Hiss/Chambers case, the circumstances of Virginia Woolf's madness and suicide, and the matter of CIA funding of the monthly Encounter. He deals with the reaction to psychoanalysis on the part of three major philosophers – Althusser, Wittgenstein, and Buber – and looks at the link between psychology and politics in the work of such political theorists as Machiavelli, Rousseau, Burke, Tocqueville, Berlin, and Arendt. A chapter grappling with Vietnam and the Cold War illustrates how political psychology should be concerned with questions of an ethical or >ought< character. In examining the social and psychological bases for political theorizing, Roazen shows how both psychology and politics must change and redefine their methodologies as a result of their interaction. Roazen concludes with a chapter on how political psychology must deal with issues posed by changing conceptions of femininity. This volume is a pioneering exploration of the intersection of psychology and politics. Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saari, Joose T1 - Ihmishylky, paheitten kokoelma. Ulkopuolisuus teoksessa >Ei enää ihminen< [A human wreck, a collection of vices. Outsideness in the work >No longer human<], Minor Thesis, Literary Studies Degree Programme, General Literary Studies, Department of History, Culture and Arts Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 2025, pp. 1-39, Finnish [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Tässä tutkielmassa tarkastellaan japanilaiskirjailija Osamu Dazain (1909–1948) teosta >Ei enää ihminen< (Ningen Shikkaku >人間失格< 1948) yhteiskunnallisen ulkopuolisuuden ja ihmisyyden tuskan näkökulmista. Analyysi keskittyy erityisesti teoksen päähenkilöön, Yozo Obaan, jonka kautta tutkitaan, mitkä tekijät vaikuttavat yksilön ulkopuolisuuden kokemuk-seen osana yhteiskuntaa sekä minkälaisia keinoja yksilö käyttää vastatakseen ulkopuolisuudesta aiheutuvaan tuskaan. Tutkielman teoreettisena viitekehyksenä toimii Erich Frommin (1962) teoria paon mekanis-meista. Teorian avulla tarkastellaan Yozon sisäisen maailman kehitystä sekä hänen reaktioi-taan ulkopuolisuuden kokemukseen. Keskiöön nousevat Frommin (1962) näkemykset automaattisesta yhdenmukaisuudesta, autoritarismista ja tuhoamisvietistä. Tutkielmassa osoitetaan, kuinka Yozon elämä kehittyy toistuvien epäonnistumisten ketjusta kokonaisvaltaiseen yhteiskunnalliseen ulkopuolisuuteen: seikkaan, johon Yozo pyrkii vastaa-maan epätoivoisin keinoin. Yozon tarina kytkeytyy kiinteästi Dazain omaelämäkerralliseen kirjallisuustraditioon, erityisesti mina-kertomusten (jap. shishōsetsu) tyylilajiin, jossa kirjailijan oma elämä ja teoksen fiktiivinen maailma limittyvät toisiinsa. Dazain oma elämäntarina, hänen suhteensa itsetuhoisuuteen sekä hänen yhteiskunnallinen asemansa 1900-luvun Japanissa valottavat merkittävästi teoksen taustaa ja sen tematiikkaa. Tutkimus paikantuu myös laajempaan yhteiskunnalliseen keskusteluun ulkopuolisuuden kokemuksesta: ilmiöstä, joka ei ole sidottu aikaan tai paikkaan. Dazain ja Yozon kokemat epäonnistumiset ovat universaaleja, ja niitä voidaan peilata paitsi 1900-luvun Japanin niin myös nyky-yhteiskunnan yksinäisyyttä ja syrjäytymistä koskevaan problematiikkaan. Teos toimii peilinä sille, kuinka ihminen usein saa apua vasta, kun hän on turvautumassa äärimmäiseen ratkaisuun, ja kuinka maailma voi näyttäytyä taistelukenttänä, jossa yksilö jää yksin. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sartini, Lorenzo T1 - The influence of Argentine psychoanalytic culture in Italy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 34 (No. 2, 2025), pp. 092-109. N2 - In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many Italians emigrated to South America, especially to Argentina and Brazil, in search of a better life than the one they were living in a country tormented by social and economic unrest. Later, with the advent of a political situation in Argentina strongly marked by instability, especially with the coup d’état that sanctioned the rise to power of General Videla in 1976, those who could boast even distant ties of kinship in Italy chose that destination instead to continue to build their lives. Among these were several who had been trained in psychoanalysis in Argentina. Once they started working in Italy, they necessarily passed on their training background influenced by a psychoanalysis that, in Argentina, had already started to think in terms of “field” and begun to be applied to groups and institutions. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauer, Stefan A1 - Nicklich, Manuel T1 - Utopian Promises and the Risk of Regression – Erich Fromm and the Future of Work JF - Berlin Journal of Critical Theory, Vol. 7 (No. 2, July, 2023), pp. 79-103. N2 - The discourse around digitalisation has become detached from the lived reality of the world of work. This discourse is dominated by vague, nebulous promises about new models of work on the one hand and dire warnings of a mass replacement of human labour on the other. Drawing on the work of Erich Fromm, we argue that this creates a risk of regression, as people turn to ‘traditional’ authority figures or a fatalistic solutionism that places unconditional faith in technology. We instead ropose an alternative approach rooted in people’s actual experiences that looks for ways that digital technology can be used to support and augment, rather than replace, human labour. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schatz, Oskar A1 - Winter, E. F. T1 - (Alienation, Marxism, and Humanism (A Christian Viewpoint), Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 256-270. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Šadić, Sanela A1 - et al., T1 - Jesmo li zaboravili biti plemeniti ljudi jedni prema drugima? [Did we forget to be generous people among each other?] JF - Godišnjak – BZK Preporod (Sarajevo), Vol. 14 (2014), pp. 13-24. [Print ISSN 1512-8180] [bzk.ba/wp-content/uploads/godisnjak-2014.pdf#page=14] N2 - Susret s postojećim stanjem društva u vrijeme globalne krize primorava nas da pre poznamo koliko kompleksna mreža međuzavisnih, najprije političkih i ekonomskih prilika, stvara višestruke pritiske na pojedinačne ljudske egzistencije. Društvena solidarnost s prisutnim najizraženijim procesima našeg doba pretrpjela je evidentne promjene, što je u velikoj mjeri jasna refleksija socijalnih zbivanja. Svakako da su pitanje solidarnosti i povjerenja bitni elementi koji doprinose stvaranju socijalne sigurnosti, no danas globalna kriza društva samu socijalnu sigurnost u velikoj mjeri čini sve upitnijom. Civilno društvo ovisi upravo o duhu generali-ziranog pouzdanja i povjerenja u druge (A. Seligman), a samo povjerenje i sigurnost su bitno potrebni u svijetu kvalitete svakog čovjeka, naročito bazično povjerenje o kojem govori Giddens, kao središnjem elementu u složenoj općoj mreži odnosa u društvu. U radu će se prezentirati istraživanje društvene solidarnosti i povjerenja koje je provedeno u periodu juni-juli 2013. godine i u kojem su anketirani studenti nekoliko studijskih grupa Univerziteta u Sarajevu. N2 - Meeting with existing society condition during global crisis, compels us to recognize how complex network of interdependent, primarily political and economic circumstances, creates multiple pressures on individual human existence. Having existing prominent processes of our time, social solidarity has born obvious changes, which is largely a clear reflection of social events. Surely, the question of solidarity and trust are essential elements that contribute to the creation of social security, but today’s global crisis of society make the social security more questionable. Civil society depends on the spirit of generalized trust and confidence in others (A. Seligman), and trust itself and security are important needs in the world the quality of each man, especially basic trust that Giddens talked about, as the central element in a complex network of relationships in general society. This paper will present research of social solidarity and trust that is realized during June and July 2013 through the questionnaire for students of several study groups at the University of Sarajevo. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Salgado Ulloa, Silvia Alejandra T1 - La dialéctica entre libertad y soledad en Erich Fromm [The dialectic between freedom and solitude in Erich Fromm] JF - Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica (Ejemplar dedicado a: Actas del IX Congreso Centroamericano de Filosofía), Vol. 56 (No. 144, 2017), pp. 135-145. [ISSN 0034-8252] [archivo.revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/filosofia/article/view/28338/28407] N2 - De la mano del psicoanalista y filósofo Erich Fromm1 se apunta la reflexión hacia la condición paradójica del individuo contemporáneo, en tanto libre y solitario, al realizar una reinterpretación de esta condición individual dentro del contexto de las actuales líneas en que se configura nuestra sociedad actual. N2 - Following the psychoanalyst and philosopher Erich Fromm, in this paper we reflect on the paradoxical condition of contemporary individual, free and alone, in order to make a reinterpretation of the individual condition in the context of the current lines in which our society is set. Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Russell, Bertrand T1 - In Praise of Idleness, Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 203-213. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaff, Adam T1 - (Marxism and the Philosophy of Man, Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 123-130. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prasetya, Alvionita Zyahwalian A1 - Thohiriyah, T1 - Social Identity and Its Impacts on Yozo Oba's Alienation in >No Longer Human< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris (Universitas Putera Batam) [Journal Basis], Vol. 11 (No. 2, 2024), pp. 161-172. [Online ISSN 2527-8835] [ejournal.upbatam.ac.id/index.php/basis/article/view/9266/3945] N2 - This research is conducted to understand social identity development and its impacts on alienation experienced by Yozo Oba, the main character in Osamu Dazai’s No Longer Human (1958). This study applies the Social Identity Theory (SIT) by Trepte & Loy (2017) and Fromm’s theory of alienation (in Nadhiroh, 2015) to analyze how Yozo’s experiences influence his social identity development and how it affects his actions throughout his life. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach and a close- reading method to collect and analyze the data. The primary data is the English translation of the novel by Donald Keene (1958), and secondary data is collected from journals, articles, and books related to SIT and the theory of alienation. The analysis of Yozo Oba using the principles of Social Categorization, Social Identity, and Self-Esteem from SIT, and the concept of alienation from oneself, alienation from others, and alienation from society shows that Yozo Oba developed a dissatisfying social identity which affected his experience and behaviors, and led him to feel alienation from himself, others, and the society. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pristiansyah, Diva Amalia A1 - Raharjo, Resdianto Permata T1 - Makrokosmos Kehidupan Dalam Faktor Pembangun Cerita Pendek >Kabut Otak< Karya Aslan Abidin Prespektif Psikologi Sastra Erich Fromm [The macrocosm of life in the building factors of the short story >Kabut Otak< by Aslan Abidin Perspectives of Literary Psychology Erich Fromm] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Sains, dan Humaniora, Vol. 1 (No. 1, 2024), pp. 24-32. [ejournal.unhasy.ac.id/index.php/jipsara/article/view/6314/3070] N2 - The results of this research aim to explore the macrocosm of life, including biophilia and necrophilia, by relating the building factors to a short story. The emergence of many writers who produce literary works of various types has resulted in the existence of literary works increasing among those interested in literary works. The type of literary work that has many fans is the short story or short story. The reason why short stories can be enjoyed practically is because the stories tend to be few and don't have too many parts, so they don't make short story fans bored with the story. This research discusses the macrocosm of Erich Fromm's life contained in the short story >Kabut Otak< by ASLAN ABIDIN which tells the story of everyone's life during the pandemic. As is known during the Covid-19 pandemic, many things happened because of the big changes that occurred in the activities of everyone in the world. Using descriptive-qualitative research methods that collect several research samples as a reference for research results. N2 - Hasil penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali hal mackrokosmos kehidupan antaranya biofilia dan nekrofilia dengan dikaitkan ada faktor pembangun pada suatu cerpen. Munculnya banyak sastrawan yang menghasilkan karya sastra beragam pada jenis-jenisnya, mengakibatkan eksistensi karya sastra menjadi meninggkat pada peminat karya sastra. Jenis karya sastra yang memiliki banyak peminatnya yaitu cerpen atau cerita pendek, alasan pastinya cerpen dapat dinikmati secara praktis karena ceritanya cenderung sedikit dan tidak terlalu banyak bagiannya, sehingga tidak membuat penikmat cerpen bosan dengan ceritanya. Pada penelitian kali ini membahas tentang makrokosmos kehidupan erich fromm yang terdapat dalam cerita pendek >KABUT OTAK< Karya ASLAN ABIDIN yang menceritakan kehidupan semua orang pada masa pandemik. Seperti yang diketahui masa pandemik Covid-19 banyak sekali hal yang terjadi karena perubahan besar yang terjadi oleh aktivitas semua orang didunia. Menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif yang mengumpulkan beberapa sampel penelitian sebagai rujukan hasil dari penelitian. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Qin, Qianxue T1 - Reflections on Human Subjectivity in Modern Society – Based on the Perspectives of Baudrillard, Lacan and Fromm JF - Studies in Social Science Research, Vol. 5 (No. 1, 2024), pp. 71-81. [Online ISSN 2690-0785] [doi.org/10.22158/SSSR.V5N1P71] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] The problem of human subjectivity is prominent in modern society. By revealing the mechanism of consumption alienation in the symbolic society, Baudrillard critiques this mechanism for causing the loss of human subjectivity and the subsequent surge in human desire. Examining unresolved issues about desire and subjectivity within Baudrillard's >Consumer Society< theory through the framework of Lacan's theory of the subject of desire, we will demonstrate that Lacan's interpretation effectively eliminates the problem itself. From Baudrillard's >consumer society< to Lacan's >desire society,< people have changed from pure passivity to active awareness of their situation but still do not have enough subjective initiative. On the contrary, Fromm’s humanitarian ethics reflects on the problem of subjectivity from the perspective of holistic man rather than symbol, affirming that the inner power of human love and reason will lead man to transcend the general alienation of man so as to realize one's potential productively with joy and happiness as >being< rather than >thing.< Only in Fromm's >productive society< will human subjectivity cease to be an issue. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prucha, M. T1 - (Marxism and the Existential Problems of Man, Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 131-138. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Qian, Xuchu T1 - Lu Xun's Pursuit of Personality [鲁迅的人格追求] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Literary Review [文学评论], No.5 (1989), pp. 158-159. N2 - 在魏连殳、吕纬甫以及>狂人<、子君、涓生等现代知识者身上,我们看到在一开始时他们都敢于按照自己的理想与追求去改造现实、塑造现实,而不是被动地适应窒息而凝滞着的社会,他们所具备的带有独立性的精神与勇气,在人格完善的过程中还寻求着将理想变为现实的体验激情,努力地发展自己爱的能力(子君、涓生)与抵制能力(吕纬甫、狂人……),可以说,此时他们的人格是独立与完整的,并且已达到了非空想型的>生产性人格<(弗洛姆语)或>自我实现<(趋向)层次(马斯洛语)。可另一方面,他们作为自我实现者,在其人格系统中还是不稳定与不坚决的,尽管开始时他们是作为具有自主性的人格出现,在独立思考的原则下而不是在社会固有原则的支配下从事他们自主的系统操作,在根本上,他们作为一个知识阶层,却又是如此苍白而软弱。他们在无法满足低级需要的情。 N2 - In modern intellectuals such as Wei Lianshu, Lü Weifu, >madman<, Zijun, and Junsheng, we see that at the beginning they all dared to transform and shape reality according to their own ideals and pursuits, rather than passively adapting to the suffocating and stagnant society. They possessed independent spirit and courage, and in the process of personality perfection, they also sought to experience the passion of turning ideals into reality, and worked hard to develop their ability to love (Zijun, Junsheng) and resist (Lü Weifu, madman...). It can be said that at this time their personality was independent and complete, and had reached the non-utopian >productive personality< (in Fromm's words) or >self-realization< (tendency) level (in Maslow's words). On the other hand, as self-actualizers, they are still unstable and undetermined in their personality system. Although they appear as autonomous personalities at the beginning, they operate their own system under the principle of independent thinking rather than under the control of social inherent principles. Fundamentally, as an intellectual class, they are so pale and weak. [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 1989 ER - TY - GEN ED - Pritz, Alfred T1 - Einhundert Meisterwerke der Psychotherapie: Ein Literaturführer, Wien (Springer) 2008, 210 pp. N2 - Bücher aus dem >Psychobereich< boomen – Jahr für Jahr erscheinen eine Vielzahl von neuen Titeln. Um sich im Dschungel orientieren zu können, wurde dieser Literaturführer zusammengestellt. Ausgewählt wurden nur jene Bücher, die für unterschiedliche Schulen relevant sind und zudem auch grundsätzliche Bedeutung über ihre Schulenspezifität hinaus haben. Die Werke werden auf inhaltlich vorgestellt und bewertet sowie erklärt, warum gerade sie in dieses Buch Aufnahme fanden. Es bietet sowohl neugierigen AnfängerInnen, als auch AusbildungskandidatInnen und erfahrenen PsychotherapeutInnen eine fundierte Beschreibung von wesentlichen und grundlegenden Werken über die menschliche Seele und deren Behandlung. Alfred Pritz, Präsident des Weltverbandes für Psychotherapie wurde bei der Herausgabe von Psychotherapeuten unterstützt. Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prüter-Schwart, Christiane T1 - Herta Seidemann: Psychiaterin, Neurologin und Psychotherapeutin JF - Nervenheilkunde, Stzttgart (Thieme), Vol. 33 (2025), pp. 47S-483. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Plois, Bernhard T1 - Review Funk, R.: Ich und Wir, München (dtv), 2005 JF - Blickpunk EFL-Beratung, Oktober 2005, pp. 77f. Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petersen, Michael T1 - Erich Fromms Nachlass hat eigene Räume T2 - Stuttgarter Zeitung, Stuttgart , 4. Februar 2015 Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prohl, Inken T1 - Erich Fromm, Zen-Buddhismus und Therapie. Heilung mit Risiken und Nebenwirkungen? JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 036-053. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 11 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026c ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rajković, Silvia T1 - Kultura narcizma i (samo)predstavljanje u virtualnom prostoru [Culture of narcissism and (self)representation in virtual space], Undergraduate thesis, Faculty of Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia 2023, 17 + 4 pp. Croatian. N2 - Rad se bavi teorijskom analizom društva narcizma i kako ono utječe na (samo)predstavljanje u virtualnom prostoru. Internet, točnije društvene mreže služe kao medij između narcizma i željene pažnje, a mnogi ih koriste u svrhu (samo)promocije. Potaknuti kulturom koja promovira individualizam, autentičnost, a samim time i narcizam u društvu, pojedinci se mogu poigrati i konstruirati više identiteta koji se većinom oblikuju kako bi ih predstavili u najboljem mogućem svjetlu. Nedostatak pažnje supstituira se objavama čiji lajkovi i komentari podižu raspoloženje i samopouzdanje osobe koja ih objavljuje. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ramirez-Salas, William T1 - Erich Fromm: Carácter, temperamento y personalidad JF - Acta Académica, Vol. 52 (2013), pp. 41-58. [Online ISSN 2215-583X] [revista.uaca.ac.cr/index.php/actas/article/view/] N2 - El artículo hace referencia a la evolución que se da en Fromm desde sus primeros libros entre los años 1921 y 1934, hasta un Fromm más maduro a partir de 1934, particularmente en su libro Miedo a la Libertad de 1966, construyendo a lo largo de su vida una Antropología Humanista o en su defecto un Psicoanálisis Humanista cuya finalidad última es el logro de la realización de la persona en su mundo, con el amplio despliegue y desarrollo de todas sus potencialidades y disponibilidades. Es de rescatar que de primera entrada se evidencia que están presentes en él, los principios del Psicoanálisis de Sigmund Freud y del Materialismo Dialéctico de Carlos Marx; la diferencia de enfoque la notamos según el énfasis puesto a la posición dada a cada uno de estos autores al profundizar en el interés que pongan en la persona y sus problemas más específicos en el contexto en que estos se den. N2 - This article refers to Fromm’s evolution since his first books were written between the year 1920 and 1934 to Fromm’s maturity which started in the year 1934, particularly shown in his book Fear of Freedom (1966). This author stated what is known as the Humanistic Anthropology or, by default, a Humanistic Psychoanalysis –which pursues the achievement of the individual’s fulfillment. This fulfillment includes the evolvement and development of all his/her potentialities and abilities. It is worth mentioning first that Sigmund Freud’s Principles of Psychoanalysis and Karl Mark’s Dialectical Materialism are present in his Fromm’s work. The main difference resides in the approach given to each of these author’s interest in the Human Being and in his/her specific problems and the context in which these occur. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rahmawati, Ayu T1 - Urgensi Makna Cinta Perspektif Erich Fromm Sebagai Konsep Dasar Sikap Empati Konselor [The Urgency of the Meaning of Love from Erich Fromm's Perspective as a Basic Concept of Counselor Empathy] JF - Aflah Consilia: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konselin, Vol.2 (No. 2, 2024), pp. 44-54. [Online ISSN 2986-0172] [ejournal.iaingawi.ac.id/index.php/aflah/article/view/1495/771] N2 - Pondok Pesantren sabagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam tentunya memiliki upaya dalam membina santri agar berperilaku sesuai dengan nilai-nilai agama islam. Pondok Pesantren Sabilun Najah Simo perlu meningkatkan peraturan yang harus dilaksanakan dan di taati oleh para santri agar dapat meningkatkan kedisiplinan santri. Salah satunya dengan upaya ta’zir yang diterapkan di pesantren. Tujuan utama dari pemberian ta’zir kepada santri adalah agar santri merasa jera dan tidak akan mengulangi perbuatannya yangsalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, Informan yang peneliti teliti adalah ketua pondok pesantren, Pengurus saksi keamanan, Santri yang pernah diberi ta’ziran dan Santri Pondok Pesantren Sabilunnajah. Informan yang terlibat berjumlah 8 orang yang terdiri dari 1 Ibu Nyai 5 pengurus dan 2 santri. Hasil penelitian mengenai upaya ta’zir dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan santri putri di pondok pesantren sabilunnajah simo, ditemukan bahwa upaya ta’zir yaitu dengan memberikan hukuman kepada santri yang melanggar, jenis-jenis ta’zir bentuknya bermacam-macam, pengurus membagi ta’zir menjadi 3 kategori yaitu ringan,sedang dan berat, yang diterapkan ada 2 macam yaitu tertulis dan bersifatfisik. N2 - This research tries to examine the meaning of love from several important figures, such as Fahruddin Faiz who is a philosophical figure and Erich Fromm from the humanistic psychology figure and tries to relate to the concept of love in Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs and construct the value of love into the skills or empathy of an Islamic counselor. This research uses a qualitative approach with a library research method. The purpose of this study is that to achieve Abraham Maslow's third level of hierarchy of needs, it needs to be reviewed, namely by integrating several perspectives owned by important figures, in order to minimize the wildness of human desires in fulfilling needs and also to create human sincerity in accepting himself as a whole, taking responsibility for himself and also the object of love. So that the result of this research is the creation of a personality or high empathy attitude of a counselor by reflecting on the figure of Erich Fromm, the expert on love. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reis, Carlos T1 - Introdução á leitura de Erich Fromm [Introduction to Erich Fromm's Thought] [Introduction à la Pensée de Erich Fromm] JF - Filosofia. Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Vol. 4 (1987), pp. 65-75. [Online ISSN 2183-6892] [ojs.letras.up.pt/index.php/filosofia/article/view/202/188] [doi.org/10.21747/202] N2 - Erich Fromm tenta o diálogo entre Marx e Freud, um encontro entre a teoria crítica da sociedade e a da sua consciência. Este é o ponto de partida para uma crítica das ideologias, ou seja, uma análise do que o Autor considera a patologia dos comportamentos que se codificam num >Carácter Social<, peça-móvel e articuladora da infra e da superstruturas. O cimento, mas também a dinamite, que estão na origem e nos objectivos duma estratégia global de manipulação da(s) exigência(s). A 'nossa intenção é apresentar uma recensão crítica, que apela para o seu universo teórico origina. N2 - Erich Fromm tries a dialogue between Marx and Freud, producing a meeting between the critical theory of society and the one of its conscience. This is the starting point from where a critic of ideology departs, which means an analysis of what the Author considers a pathology of those actions codified as >Social Character< something like an articulation of the infra and the superstructure. The cement, but also the dynamite that stands at the origin and the goals of a global strategy to manipulate motivations. Our purpose is to present a critical epitome, that appeals to its original theoretic universe. N2 - Erich Fromm essaie un dialogue entre Marx et Freud, un rendez-vous de la théorie de la société et celle de la conscience. Ceci représente le point de départ d'une critique de l'idéologie, c'est-à-dire, une analyse de ce que l'Auteur considère la pathologie de ces actions codifiées comme un >Character Social<, quelque chose semblable à une articulation entre l'infra et la superstructure. Le ciment, aussi bien que la dynamite qui est à l'origine et dans les objectifs d'une stratégie global de manipulation des motivations. Notre propos est de présenter un épitome critique, qui fait appelle à son univers théorique originaire. Y1 - 1987 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reich, Peter T1 - Lore Reich Rubin, MD 1928–2024 T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (No. 3, 2024), pp. 212-213. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rasdin, Rafika A1 - Nirwana, Nirwana T1 - Review Bonfiglio, Thomas Paul: Linguistics and psychoanalysis: A new perspective on language processing and evolution, New York (Routledge). JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (No. 4, 2024), pp. 284-285. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Quan, Yuxiao T1 - Revelation of Fromm's >The Art of Loving<: Self-transcendence and Emotional Growth of Contemporary Women [弗洛姆《爱的艺术》启示录:当代女性自我超越与情感成长] JF - New Legend [新传奇], No. 20 (2024), pp. 7-9. N2 - 爱并非简单的情感流露,而是一种需要学习与修炼的能力,它根植于个体的成熟度与自我实现之中。埃里希·弗洛姆作为心理学与社会哲学的巨擘,其爱的理论犹如一把钥匙,解锁了当代女性通往更加真实、深刻且自主的人际关系的门户。本文通过分析弗洛姆在《爱的艺术》中有关爱的理论,旨在开辟并促进当代女性构建更加真实、深刻且独立自主的人际关系的路径,探究女性作为社会进步与变革的关键力量,如何积极挑战传统性别角色的局限,追求平等、相互尊重与深刻理解的新型情感关系,从而为促进性别平等与提升人际关系质量提供宝贵的理论洞察与实践策略,为构建更加和谐与包容的社会环境贡献力量。 N2 - Love is not a simple expression of emotion, but a kind of ability that needs to be learned and cultivated. It is rooted in the maturity and self-realization of individuals. As a giant in psychology and social philosophy, Erich Fromm's theory of love is like a key that unlocks the door to more real, profound and autonomous interpersonal relationships for contemporary women. This paper analyzes Fromm's theory of love in >The Art of Loving< to open up and promote the path for contemporary women to build more real, profound and independent interpersonal relationships, explore how women, as a key force for social progress and change, can actively challenge the limitations of traditional gender roles and pursue new emotional relationships of equality, mutual respect and deep understanding, so as to provide valuable theoretical insights and practical strategies for promoting gender equality and improving the quality of interpersonal relationships, and contribute to building a more harmonious and inclusive social environment. [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reyna, Mariana A1 - Urrego, Miguel Ángel T1 - La Teoría del Carácter Social de Erich Fromm: Clave Interpretativa de Proceso de Industrialización en México [Erich Fromm's Theory of Social Character: An Interpretive Key to the Industrialization Process in Mexico] JF - Revista Praxis y Culturas Psi (Santiago de Chile), No. 2 (2019), pp. 1-23. [Print ISSN 01717-473X] [praxispsy.udp.cl/index.php/praxispsi/article/view/23/26] N2 - La teoría del carácter social, formulada por Erich Fromm en calidad de Director del Departamento de Psicología Social de la Escuela de Fráncfort durante la década 1930, condensa su aportación más relevante al campo de estudio que articula psicoanálisis y marxismo. La primera investigación empírica con base en sus conceptualizaciones tuvo lugar en Alemania, antes de que Hitler llegara al poder. Después de permanecer un período exiliado en Estados Unidos, Fromm recibió la invitación de radicar en México de parte de un prestigioso grupo de psiquiatras vinculado a instancias representativas del Estado posrevolucionario. En este país encontró un terreno propicio para impulsar otras investigaciones sustentadas en su metodología socio-psicoanalítica. El artículo destaca el análisis de una comunidad campesina del Estado de Morelos, realizado entre 1957 y 1964. Así mismo, retomamos las conclusiones un estudio concretado en la ciudad de México, en la Unidad Habitacional Legaria del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) a lo largo de la década de 1960. Se ubica la propuesta teórica sobre la salud mental elaborada por Fromm en el debate sobre las políticas públicas necesarias para encauzar a las sociedades latinoamericanas en la vía de la modernización. Veremos que para los especialistas en las disciplinas psi ligados al connotado sociólogo y analista alemán, la teoría del carácter social fue una clave interpretativa de las vicisitudes políticas, culturales y subjetivas que conllevaba el proceso de industrialización en México. N2 - The Theory of Social Character, formulated by Erich Fromm as director of the Social Psychology Department of Frankfurt School during the decade of 1930, condensates his more relevant contribution to the field of psychoanalysis and Marxism. The first empirical investigation based on his conceptualizations had place in Germany, before Hitler came to power. While exiled in the United States, Fromm was invited to Mexico by a prestigious group of psychiatrists linked to representative instances of the Post-revolutionary government. He changed his residence to the country and found proper conditions to impulse other investigations sustained in his socio-psychoanalyst methodology. This article highlights the analysis of a community of peasant farmers in the State of Morelos, between 1957 and 1964. Similarly, conclusions were made in relation to the research with working class families of an habitational unit called Legaria in Mexico City, during the decade of 1960. The concept of Mental Health, elaborated by Fromm, is located in the debate about public politics needed to channel Latin American societies on the way to modernization. We will see that, for the specialists in psi disciplines that worked closely with the German sociologist and analyst, the Theory of Social Character was an interpretative key of the political, cultural and subjective vicissitudes implied in the process of industrialization in Mexico. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Resubun, Yohanis T1 - Humanisasi Masyarakat Teknologis Menurut Erich Fromm [Humanization of Technological Society According to Erich Fromm] JF - Seri Mitra. Refleksi Ilmiah-Pastoral, Vol. 3 (No. 2, 2024), pp. 260-272. [Online ISSN 2829-5250] [journal.stfsp.ac.id/index.php/jb/article/view/402] N2 - In his humanism Fromm saw an unconscious movement of humans towards dehumanization due to technology. Humans still live in the old view that technology is human progress and discovery to help humans themselves. For Fromm, with this kind of view, humans will instead be enslaved by technology of their own creation, for example the replacement of humans in many jobs due to the presence of production machines. Fromm then offers a humanization process with humanist planning for technology, increasing ratios and awareness so that humans are able to understand and make conscious choices. Usingl description and analytical methods, this article tries to understand dehumanization as well as drawing inspiration and providing a critical evaluation of Fromm's thinking. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Renninger, Monika T1 - Grußwort des Hospitalhofs 2025 JF - Erich Fromm Stiftung (Ed.), 2025: Erich Fromm-Preis 2025 an Hito Steyerl. Die Beiträge der Preisverleihung, Neuhofen/Ybbs (Zeuys Books), 2025, pp. 7-14. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Renninger, Monika T1 - Grußwort des Hospitalhofs 2025 JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 080-082. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 12 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026e ER - TY - GEN A1 - Qin, Xiaoyan T1 - A Comparative Study of Marx and Fromm’s Human Nature Theory, Master thesis, Philosophy, Hunan University, Yuelu, Changsha, Hunan, China 2022. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Modern society provides conditions for people to give full play to their subjectivity, but it also pushes people to the situation of alienation. The problem of human nature has been revealed in modern society. In order to understand human nature more comprehensively and concretely and better solve the new dilemma faced by modern people, it is necessary to strengthen the research on human nature. As important representa¬tives of human nature theory in the 19th-20th century, Marx and Fromm analyzed human nature in detail in combination with the problems of the times. Marx advocated understanding and grasping human nature from the perspectives of history, practical activities and the relationship between subject and object. He believed that human nature is a social and historical process of sublating human alienation, realizing the return of human nature and occupying the real essence of man. Fromm starts from the realistic social problems, observes the concrete human nature in people, and be¬lieves that human nature is neither abstract nor infinitely plastic. Marx formed a rich theory of human nature on the basis of criticizing, inheriting and developing Hegel and Feuerbach’s theory of human nature. Fromm formed a diversified theory of human nature on the basis of interpreting, inheriting and developing Marx’s theory of human nature. Through combing, it is found that Marx and Fromm discuss from the aspects of human nature, human needs, human alienation and human liberation, so as to clarify the basis of compara¬tive research. Marx and Fromm live in different times and stand in different positions, which makes their human nature theory very different, that is, their understanding of human nature is different. Marx defines human nature from the perspective of social relations, while Fromm defines human nature by meeting human needs. Marx expressed human essence with the sum of social relations, and Fromm expressed human essence with human good potential; the understanding of human alienation is different. Marx takes alienated labor as the starting point and Fromm takes comprehensive alienation as the starting point. Marx analyzed the root of human alienation from the perspective of private ownership based on division of labor and Fromm from the perspective of the contradiction of human survival; the conception of human liberation is different. Marx’s goal is a communist society and Fromm is a humanitarian society. Marx’s path is pro¬letarian revolution, and Fromm is social and psychological change. Marx’s and Fromm’s human nature theories also have some similarities, that is, their human nature theories take >real people< as the carrier and human needs as the logical starting point; both examine human nature in the process of social history; both criticized the alienation of human nature. Facing the confusion of the times, Fromm turned his attention to Marx, inherited and developed Marx’s views on human nature, human needs, human alienation and human liberation, and formed his own human nature theory, which has an important impact on the later analysis of human nature and the study of Marx’s human nature theory. However, due to the incompleteness of the theory and the limitations of class position, Fromm’s human nature theory has some deficiencies. Marx and Fromm’s human nature theory has important enlightenment to human development in modern society, that is, to promote human personality development with deve¬lopment education, promote human free development with system reform, and strengthen labor to promote human all-round development. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2025] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Risari, Giorgio T1 - Un viaggio tra filosofia, psicoanalisi e passione: il lavoro di una vita per riportare Erich Fromm al centro del dibattito culturale contemporaneo JF - Corriere della Economia, 16 Aprile 2025 Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Roazen, Paul T1 - Introduction in: P. Heller, Reflections on a child analysis with Anna Freud and an adult analysis with Ernst Kris JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 20 (No. 1, 1992), pp. 48-74. Y1 - 1992 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Roazen, Paul T1 - Glasnost and Peristroika in Psychoanalysis. Opiniom JF - Academy Forum, Fall 1992, pp. 22f. Y1 - 1992 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Roazen, Paul T1 - Felix Deutsch and the FBI JF - Psychologist, Psychoanalyst, Winter 1993, pp. 28-30. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodrigues, Flávio T1 - Docens: a percepção docente como estrutura de orientação do caráter social JF - Revista Educação Especial Santa Maria; Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufsm.br/educacaoespecial N2 - A percepção é um termo polissêmico e, por isso, exige delimitação conceitual para que se compreenda de qual ponto de vista conceitual se fala. Este artigo explora a percepção docente como uma estrutura de orientação do caráter social, influenciada por processos evolutivos, sociais e culturais. O objetivo é investigar a importância dessa percepção, considerando a constituição de um tipo específico de orientação do caráter social, desenvolvido em resposta às características morfológicas humanas em interação com o ambiente. A metodologia baseia-se em uma revisão teórica, utilizando referenciais da fenomenologia da percepção de Merleau-Ponty, da fenomenologia semiótica de Peirce e da teoria do caráter social de Erich Fromm, além de estudos sobre evolução, linguagem e comportamento social. Os resultados apontam que a percepção docente emerge como uma estrutura de orientação socialmente construída, ligada à necessidade humana de cuidado e cooperação. Conclui-se que essa orientação, enraizada no ato de ensinar, molda a prática docente e possui implicações significativas para a inclusão e o desenvolvimento social. N2 - Perception is a polysemous term and, therefore, requires conceptual delimitation to understand from which conceptual point of view it is being addressed. This article explores teacher perception as a structure of social character orientation, influenced by evolutionary, social, and cultural processes. The objective is to investigate the importance of this perception, considering the constitution of a specific type of social character orientation, developed in response to human morphological characteristics in interaction with the environment. The methodology is based on a theoretical review, using references from the phenomenology of perception by Merleau-Ponty, the semiotic phenomenology of Peirce, and the theory of social character by Erich Fromm, in addition to studies on evolution, language, and social behavior. The results indicate that teacher perception emerges as a socially constructed orientation structure, linked to the human need for care and cooperation. It is concluded that this orientation, rooted in the act of teaching, shapes teaching practice and has significant implications for inclusion and social development. N2 - La percepción es un término polisémico y, por lo tanto, exige una delimitación conceptual para comprender desde qué punto de vista conceptual se habla. Este artículo explora la percepción docente como una estructura de orientación del carácter social, influenciada por procesos evolutivos, sociales y culturales. El objetivo es investigar la importancia de esta percepción, considerando la constitución de un tipo específico de orientación del carácter social, desarrollado en respuesta a las características morfológicas humanas en interacción con el ambiente. La metodología se basa en una revisión teórica, utilizando referencias de la fenomenología de la percepción de Merleau-Ponty, de la fenomenología semiótica de Peirce y de la teoría del carácter social de Erich Fromm, además de estudios sobre evolución, lenguaje y comportamiento social. Los resultados señalan que la percepción docente emerge como una estructura de orientación socialmente construida, ligada a la necesidad humana de cuidado y cooperación. Se concluye que esta orientación, arraigada en el acto de enseñar, moldea la práctica docente y posee implicaciones significativas para la inclusión y el desarrollo social. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodrigues, Flávio T1 - Educator Perception: The Orientations of Social Character and Professional Identity. Paper to be published 2ß24, 14 pp. N2 - Why study teacher perception? To answer this question, let's consider the teaching profession as a perceptual process. Teaching viewed as a way of experiencing the world, a perception in the mold of Merleau-Ponty. But how can we support this claim without placing the teaching professional in a biological or innate role? Between the purely innate and the purely empirical, we propose the ex-ducere, the act of educating – Ex Ducere: Ex = out; Ducere = to lead – as a central trait of teaching praxis. In this way, we point to a possible teaching orientation of character and a probable teaching identity, productive when inclusive and non-productive when exclusive – in both cases, guided by the act of educating. This trait would emerge from the perception of human fragility itself. These ideas come from a set of studies on the need for relationships. Among them are the studies of Shulz & Waldinger on relationships and longevity; Erich Fromm on the need for relationships; and Gottlieb on the evolution of behavior, as well as the studies of Neves, Junior & Murrieta. To confirm the above statement of a type of teaching orientation, this study aims to demonstrate that morphological characteristics, such as human fragility in contact with the environment, forced a type of orientation structure; they caused habits, behaviors, and character orientations to be constituted and developed into sophisticated social instruments. Such devices are refined modes of caring for offspring, increasingly requiring parental involvement over time, which gradually was delegated to a specific type of professional: the educator. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodado, Juan T1 - A relational psychoanalysis: The real presence of the analyst JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 34 (No. 1, 2025), pp. 020-027. N2 - The Argentine psychoanalyst Julio Moreno (2010) theorizes two models of psychic functioning. One he calls associative functioning, which is composed of mental representations and words that link together in association, integrating both the conscious and preconscious. These representations are subject to repression and phenomena of displacement and condensation. The other type of psychic functioning is what Moreno refers to as connective functioning, which is represented by the immanent, the immediate, which falls outside the order of representation. These two types of psychic processing coexist and occur simultaneously and, for Julio Moreno, “the link” is the space between the two. This work intends to explore the linking dimension that an analytic relationship proposes and that is established in each analytic session in the patient–therapist pair. For this purpose, a clinical case is shown, describing the bonding climate, the analyst’s countertransference and the mutual unconscious work. It emphasizes that, in severely ill patients, the quality of the bond is more crucial than interpretative work, and for this, the live and real presence of the analyst is necessary. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rudnytsky, Peter L. T1 - Los determinantes sociales de la terapia psicoanalítica: la >tarjeta de presentación< antiautoritaria de Fromm. Traducción al español para la Sociedad Erich Fromm en Norteamérica EFSNA, 2025, 10 pp. JF - Este artículo examina el artículo de Fromm de 1935, >Los determinantes sociales de la te-rapia psicoanalítica<, situándolo en el contexto de la vida de Fromm y estableciendo el contraste entre la >actitud autoritaria y patricèntrica< de Freud y la >actitud humana y filantrópica< de Ferenczi, quien estuvo profundamente influido por Groddeck. A pesar de criticar la tendencia de Fromm a prestar una atención insuficiente al >destino individual de la persona<, al exponer su concepto del >carácter social< tal como sería necesaria para explicar las diferencias entre Freud y Ferenczi, el presente artículo sostiene que la >tarjeta de presentación< de Fromm, publicada cuando Freud aún estaba vivo, es >uno de los me-jores artículos de la literatura psicoanalítica<. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rubel, Maximilien T1 - (Reflections on Utopia and Revolution, Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 182-187. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Roazen, Paul T1 - Philosophy, Banality, and Barbarism Considered - Hannah Arendt - Jaspers Correspondence JF - Queen's Quarterly, Vol. 101 (No. 4, Winter 1994), pp. 886-892. Y1 - 1994 ER -