TY - JOUR A1 - Weinrich, Harald T1 - Sein und Haben radikal – mit und gegen Erich Fromm JF - Harald Weinrich: Über das Haben: 33 Ansichten, München; Verlag C.H.Beck) 2012, 44-48. N2 - Auf dem Umschlag dieses Buches begrüßt uns Diogenes von Sinope, der nichts haben will, nicht einmal von Alexander dem Großen. Er ist freilich eine Ausnahme. Die meisten Menschen haben gern, und deshalb mangelt es auch nicht an Gründen und Anlässen, sich über das Haben zu äußern. In einer höchst unterhaltsamen Reise durch die Sinnwelten des Habens eröffnet Harald Weinrich, der Grandseigneur der europäischen Sprachwissenschaft, verblüffende Einsichten in unseren Gebrauch des Wörtchens Haben – und unser Haben-Denken, das sich darin offenbart. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wehr, Helmut T1 - Erich Fromm und Janusz Korczak - Erziehung in Liebe? Parallelen und Differenzen JF - Godel-Gaßner, R., and Krehl, S. (Eds.), Facettenreich im Fokus - Janusz Korczak und seine Pädagogik. Historische und aktuelle Perspektiven, Jena (edition Paideia), 2013, pp. 161-184 Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wicker, Brian T1 - Review Fromm, E.: The Dogma of Christ and Other Essays on Religion Psychology, and Culture (1963a, English) JF - British Journal of Psychiatric Social Work, Vol. 7, No. 3 (1964), pp. 159-160. Y1 - 1964 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiegand, Ronald T1 - Psychoanalyse und Gesellschaft bei Erich Fromm JF - Psychologische Menschenkenntnis, Zürich, Vol. 6 (1970), pp. 257-273. Y1 - 1970 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wicher, Andrzej T1 - Freedom versus Intolerance: Variations on the Theme of Supernatural Wives and Husbands, in: D. Gabryś-Barker and J. Mydla (Eds.): English Studies at the University of Silesia: Forty Years on, Katowice (University of Silesia Publishing House) Poland 2013, pp. 311-330. N2 - I have chosen, for the jubilee volume, my article >Freedom vs. Intolerance – Variations on the Theme of Supernatural Wives and Husbands<. It appeared in the volume entitled >We are all Indians< Violence – Intolerance – Literature, edited by Wojciech Kalaga and Tadeusz Sławek (Katowice 1990). This was a special time for all of us; today it is called the time of breakthrough, or transformation. The topic of my article, and most other articles contained in this volume, is connected with the problem of freedom and enslavement, which, bearing in mind the atmosphere of that period, was almost inevitable. Thus, the reader will find, in that article of mine, reflections concerning the so called positive and negative freedom, some thoughts about Erich Fromm’s book >The Fear of Freedom<. I used there also an old proverb, quoted in the writings of Sir Isaiah Berlin: >to be free is nothing, to become free is the very heaven<, a proverb that sounded very appropriate in the times when we all in Poland were regaining our lost freedom. The article itself is a heady mixture of threads and motifs taken from classical and modern philosophy, folktales, Biblical traditions and mythology, whereas the typical literary studies, or history of literature, are virtually absent there. This rather unconventional approach is, to some extent, typical of the style of academic discourse characteristic of the English studies as understood and practised in the University of Silesia at that time, that is in the 1980s and 1990s. This style was shaped, among other persons, by the, often indirect, influence of such personalities as Wojciech Kalaga, Tadeusz Sławek, Emanuel Prower, Tadeusz Rachwał, or, last but not least, Ewa Borkowska, who also contributed to the volume in question. Naturally, I am solely responsible for what I wrote in that article, which is a rather faithful reflection of my interests (and perhaps also obsessions) in that very memorable period of time. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wils, Jean-Pierr T1 - Sich den Tod geben – Suizid als letzte Emanzipation? JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 28 / 2024, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 033-047. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 30 Y1 - 2024 VL - d28/2024c ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Winship, Garry T1 - A genealogy of therapeutic community ideas: the influence of the Frankfurt School with a particular focus on Herbert Marcuse and Erich Fromm JF - Therapeutic Communities: The International Journal of Therapeutic Communities, Vol. 34, No. 2/3 (2013), pp. 60-70. [Online ISSN 0964-1866] [doi.org/10.1108/TC-05-2013-0010] N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to construct a genealogy of therapeutic communities (TCs), with the espoused commitment to flattened hierarchies and democratic ideologies, the paper considers the lineage of the Frankfurt School of Social Research and its influence in setting a frame for TC ideology, with a particular focus on Herbert Marcuse and Erich Fromm. This genealogy provides further context to the contribution of two other key Frankfurters, Karl Mannheim and Michael Foulkes, who progressed therapeutic democracy in the UK and shaped the early days of the TC as a group-based treatment paradigm. Design/methodology/approach: Discourse analysis and collective biography based on biographical details, texts and witness accounts. Findings: The works of Marcuse and Fromm provide a hybrid psychosocial post-Freudian schemas that beckoned philosophic reconciliation between the state and the personal psyche culminating in new left psychoanalytic academic sectors. Erich Fromm's contribution is situated squarely in the clinical sphere in the USA dating from the 1930s after he fled from Germany and settled in the USA where he became a well-known lecturer at Chestnut Lodge during a time when it was developing its approach under the rubric of >milieu therapy<. Marcuse's influence on psychiatry is tracked through the development of ideas and writings emerging from his reading of Freud, finally intersecting with the emergence of TCs and anti-psychiatry when he delivered the keynote address at the Dialectics of Liberation Conference in London in 1967. Held at the height of the first generation of TCs, Joe Berke, R.D. Laing and colleagues considered Marcuse as someone to headline the Dialectics Conference because; >Marcuse was the Grandpapa of Flower Power< (Joe Berke said). Originality/value: A rapprochement between milieu therapy in the USA, influenced by Fromm and Marcuse and the European tradition of TCs, influenced by Mannheim and Foulkes is demonstrated. The Frankfurt Institute of Social Research can be seen as an ideological corner that transcends Atlantic divides, and provides a sturdy and lasting intellectual cornerstone for the history of ideas in the field of social psychiatry. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Włodarczyk, Rafał T1 - Od polityki czasu do krytyki ideologii Koczanowicz versus Fromm [From the Politics of Time to the Critique of Ideology Koczanowicz versus Fromm], in: Leszek Koczanowics, Katarzyna Liszka, and Rafał Włodarczyk (Eds.): Między rozumieniem a porozumieniem. Eseje o demokracji niekonsensualnej, Warszawa, (Polish Scientific Publishers PWN), Poland, pp. 168 – 178. JF - Leszek Koczanowics, Katarzyna Liszka, and Rafał Włodarczyk (Eds.): Między rozumieniem a porozumieniem. Eseje o demokracji niekonsensualnej, Warszawa, (Polish Scientific Publishers PWN), Poland, pp. 168 – 178, Polish N2 - Pierwsza część artykułu poświęcona jest rekonstrukcji narzędzia krytyki społecznej, użytego przez Leszka Koczanowicza w książce Polityka czasu do diagnozy dynamiki zmian występujących w społeczeństwie polskim po 1989 roku. Tym, co wyróżnia propozycję autora, wzorującego się na rozwiązaniu przyjętym przez Ernesto Laclau, na tle innych tego typu teorii, jest koncentracja na społecznych mitologiach i marginalizacja zjawiska ideologii. Druga część artykułu, która poświęcona jest rekonstrukcji założeń krytyki społecznej Ericha Fromma, pozwala, dzięki zestawieniu ze sobą tych dwu koncepcji, postawić pytanie o konsekwencje i potencjał krytyczny projektu Koczanowicza rezygnującego z dopracowania pojęcia ideologii i zintegrowania go z pojęciem mitu. N2 - The first part of the article is devoted to reconstructing the tool of social criticism used by Leszek Koczanowicz in his book The Politics of Time to diagnose the dynamics of change occurring in Polish society after 1989. What distinguishes the author's proposal, modeled on the solution adopted by Ernesto Laclau, from other theories of this kind, is the focus on social mythologies and the marginalization of the phenomenon of ideology. The second part of the article, which is devoted to reconstructing the assumptions of Erich Fromm's social criticism, allows, thanks to the juxtaposition of the two concepts, to raise the question of the consequences and critical potential of Koczanowicz's project abandoning the refinement of the concept of ideology and integrating it with the concept of myth. [DeepL.com/Translator, free version, 2/2023] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilde, Lawrence T1 - The Ethical Challenge of Touraine's >Living Together< JF - Journal of Global Ethics, Vol. 3, No. 1 (2007), pp. 39-53. [Online ISSN 1744-9634] [doi.org/10.1080/17449620600991564] N2 - In >Can We Live Together?< Alain Touraine combines a consummate analysis of crucial social tensions in contemporary societies with a strong normative appeal for a new emancipatory >Subject< capable of overcoming the twin threats of atomisation or authoritarianism. He calls for a move from >politics to ethics< and then from ethics back to politics to enable the new Subject to make a reality out of the goals of democracy and solidarity. However, he has little to say about the nature of such an ethics. This article argues that this lacuna could usefully be filled by adopting a form of radical humanism found in the work of Erich Fromm. It defies convention in the social sciences by operating from an explicit view of the >is< and the >ought< of common human nature, specifying reason, love and productive work as the qualities to be realised if we are to move closer to human solidarity. Although there remain significant philosophical and political differences between the two positions, particularly on the role to be played by >the nation<, their juxtaposition opens new lines of inquiry in the field of cosmopolitan ethics. Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilde, Lawrence T1 - The Significance of Maternalism in the Evolution of Fromm's social thought JF - The European Legacy, Vol. 9, No. 3 (2004), pp. 343-356. [Online ISSN 1470-1316] [doi.org/10.1080/1084877042000235504] N2 - During his years as a member of the Frankfurt School, Erich Fromm developed a strong interest in the idea that there were distinctive male and female character orientations. Drawing on the positive evaluation of matriarchy made in the nineteenth century by the Swiss anthropologist J. J. Bachofen, Fromm argued that a >matricentric< psychic structure was more conducive to socialism than the patricentric structure which had predominated in capitalism. His interest in maternalism and his opposition to patriarchy played an important part in his rejection of Freud's theory of drives and in the development of a humanistic ethics in which love plays a central part. The idea of a gendered humanism is central to Fromm's social thought, although there is a danger that the over‐emphasis of sex‐based character differences unintentionally re‐opens the danger of the kind of sexual stereotyping which he resolutely opposed. Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Winship, Gary T1 - The Democratic Origins of the Term >Group Analysis<: Karl Mannheim’s >Third Way< for Psychoanalysis and Social Science JF - Group Analysis, Vol. 36, No. 1 (2003), pp. 37-51. [ISSN 0533-3164] [doi.org/10.1177/0533316403036001200] N2 - It is well known that Foulkes acknowledged Karl Mannheim as the first to use the term `group analysis'. However, Mannheim's work is otherwise not well known. This article examines the foundations of Mannheim's sociological interest in groups using the Frankfurt School (1929-1933) as a start point through to the brief correspondence of 1945 between Mannheim and Foulkes (previously unpublished). It is argued that there is close conjunction between Mannheim's and Foulkes's revision of clinical psychoanalysis along sociological lines. Current renderings of the Frankfurt School tradition pay almost exclusive attention to the American connection (Herbert Marcuse, Erich Fromm, Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer) overlooking the contribution of the English connection through the work of Mannheim and Foulkes. Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiśniewski, Radoslaw T1 - Review Wasyluk, Piotr: Ericha Fromma koncepcja postępu zintegrowanego, Olsztyn (Publishing House of the Center for Eastern European Studies of the University of Warmia and Mazury) Poland 2010. JF - Ruch Filozoficzny Vol. 67, No. 4 (2010). [ISSN: 0035-9599] Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wong, Charlotte T1 - Narcissism Obstacle – To Love Dr. Fromm JF - Spartan Daily San Jose State College, Vol. 53, No. 106 (Friday, April 22, 1966). [scholarworks.sjsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4785&context=spartandaily] N2 - Dr. Erich Fromm, internationally-known psychoanalyst-author, stressed narcissism and lack of faith as major obstacles to love at yesterday’s ASB lecture in Morris Dailey Auditorium. Y1 - 1966 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Włodarczyk, Rafał T1 - Czas mesjański, rytuał szabatu i pedagogia azylu w filozofii Ericha Fromma [Messianic Time, the Sabbath Ritual and Asylum Pedagogy in the Philosophy of Erich Fromm] JF - Paweł Jabłoński and Rafał Włodarczyk (Eds.): Fromm – aplikacje, Wrocław (>Chiasm< Publishing Initiative) Poland 2016, pp. 137-159. N2 - Celem artykułu jest wskazanie miejsca i znaczenia w filozofii Ericha Fromma obecnych w jego pracach figur czasu mesjańskiego i rytuału sza¬batu. Powiązane ze sobą dają się odczytać jako integralna część koncepcji Fromma, prowadząca w jego myśli do pedagogii azylu – posiadającego istotny potencjał emancypacyjny i edukacyjny rozwiązania problemu alienacji współczesnego człowieka. N2 - The aim of the article is to indicate the place and meaning in Erich Fromm's philosophy of the figures of messianic time and the Sabbath ritual present in his works. Interconnected, they can be read as an integral part of Fromm's concept, leading in his thought to the pedagogy of asylum - a solution to the problem of alienation of modern man with significant emancipatory and educational potential. [Google translator, 1/2023] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Włodarczyk, Rafał T1 - The pedagogy of asylum as a utopia of hospitality. A review of basic assumptions JF - Filozoficzne problemy educacji, No. 4 (2021), pp. 1-19. [Online ISSN 2545-0948] [doi.org/10.4467/25450948FPE.21.001.15166] N2 - This paper aims at the presentation of ethical and political grounds of the pedagogy of asylum, which, in its assumptions, refers to concepts of such thinkers as Emmanuel Levinas, Erich Fromm, George Steiner, Hannah Arendt, Michael Walzer, Avishai Margalit, Jacques Derrida and Janusz Korczak. Utopia of hospitality, presented in its basic assumptions, constitutes a look at the social life, life of individuals and communities, as concentrated in asylums, while its author thinks that it forms an answer to modern challenges to Western democracies, education and politics in the >Age of Migration<. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Włodarczyk, Rafał T1 - Utopia szkoły, nieposłuszeństwo i przekład. Dwa biblijne mity w odczytaniach Ericha Fromma i George’a Steinera [Utopia of School, Disobedience, and Translation Two Biblical Myths in the Interpretation of Erich Fromm and George Steiner] JF - Showanna, No. 2 (2020), pp. 1-14. [ISSN 2353-9682] doi.org/10.31261/CHOWANNA.2020.55.04] N2 - Można przyjąć, że dwa biblijne mity – o wyjściu Adama i Ewy z ogrodu Eden oraz o budowniczych wieży Babel – są interesującymi ekspresjami wyobraźni utopijnej, ponieważ opowiadają o dwóch miejscach, w których na dwa odmienne sposoby realizowano projekty wystarczająco doskonałego porządku społecznego. Współcześnie jednym z takich miejsc, które możemy rozumieć jako niejednoznaczny efekt realizacji utopii epoki rewolucji przemysłowej, jest szkoła – przestrzeń edukacji zaplanowana jako ważna część projektu wystarczająco doskonałego porządku społecznego. Dwa oryginalne odczytania – autorstwa Ericha Fromma i George’a Steinera – przywołanych biblijnych mitów posłużą wzbogaceniu o nowe wątki i podejścia dyskusji o kondycji współczesnej szkoły oraz dyskursów pedagogiki krytycznej czy pedagogiki oporu i pedagogiki hermeneutycznej. N2 - It can be assumed that two biblical myths – about Adam and Eve leaving the Garden of Eden and about the builders from Babel – are interesting expression of the utopian imagination, because these myths narrate about two places where projects of sufficiently perfect social order were implemented in two different ways. At present, the school is one of the places that could be understood as the ambiguous effect of an implemented utopia of the industrial revolution era; the school is an education space designed as an important part of the project of a sufficiently perfect social order. Two original readings of the mentioned biblical myths – by Erich Fromm and George Steiner – shall contribute some new themes and outlooks to the discussion of the condition of the modern school and the discourses of critical pedagogy or the pedagogy of resistance and hermeneutic pedagogy. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Włodarczyk, Rafał T1 - Review Rafał Wlodarczyk: Ideologia, teoria, edukacja. Myśl Ericha Fromma jako inspiracja dla pedagogiki współczesnej, Kraków (Publishing House >Impuls<), Poland 2016. (Studium z filozofii Ericha Fromma, krytyki społecznej i teorii edukacji) Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wójtowicz, Marek T1 - Review Kamil Kaczmarek: Socjologia a religie. Współczynnik humanistyczny jako narzędzie wartościowania w pismach Ericha Fromma, Poznań (Publishing Office, Faculty of Theology of the University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań) Poland 2003 JF - Śląskie Studia Historyczno-Teologiczne, Vol. 37, No. 2, (2004), pp. 311-312. Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wong, Muk-Yan T1 - The Ideal Love: Platonic or Frommian? JF - Dialogue and Universalism, Vol. 27, No. 4 (2017), pp. 137-146. [Online ISSN 1689-3816] [doi.org/10.5840/du201727470] N2 - In this paper, I compare two theories of ideal love, the Platonic and Frommian, and argue that they give opposite advices to lovers in practice. While Plato emphasizes >whom to love< and urges one to continuously look for a better beloved, Erich Fromm emphasizes >how to love< and urges one to grow and change with one’s imperfect lover. Using the movie >Her< as an example, I explain why an ideal love is extremely difficult to attain under the guidance of the Platonic and Frommian ideals. In an imperfect love, to leave or to stay seems to be a question with no simple answer. Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Włodarczyk, Rafał T1 - Ideologia, teoria, edukacja.Myśl Ericha Fromma jako inspiracja dla pedagogiki współczesnej [Ideology, Theory, Education: Erich Fromm's Thought as an Inspiration for Contemporary Pedagogy], Kraków (Publishing House >Impuls<) Poland 2016, 329 pp., Polish. [978-83-8095-143-3] N2 - [Conclusion] Niniejsza monografi a dowodzi, że inspirowana myślą Ericha Fromma teoria i praktyka edukacji może znaleźć w niej reprezentującą orientację emancypacyjną w krytycznej teorii edukacji spojną i wartościową wykładnię. Wskazuje także, że zaproponowany przez niego zbior ustaleń i rozwiązań bez większych przeszkod może stanowić dla pedagogiki ogolnej, teorii wychowania, jak rownież oddziaływań służących formowaniu całokształtu zdolności życiowych człowieka rezerwuar jednostkowych zapożyczeń. Ponadto dowodzi, że formułowane w jego książkach sądy i stawiane tam tezy pozostają istotnym źrodłem dla dalszego namysłu w pedagogice krytycznej, fi lozofi i edukacji oraz podejmowanych badań w rożnych obszarach nauk o wychowaniu. Wskazany i potencjalny wkład Fromma do pedagogiki ujęty w tej książce, ustalony na podstawie kompleksowego opracowania jego myśli, daje się sprowadzić do listy kilku złożonych zagadnień rozwiniętych w poszczegolnych rozdziałach, takich jak: koncepcja natury człowieka, jego rozwoju, podmiotowości, zdrowia oraz ideału wychowania; teoria społeczeństwa i jego wpływu na kształtowanie się osobowości oraz zdolności życiowych człowieka; dialektyczna koncepcja zmiany społecznej oraz miejsca i roli w niej edukacji; teoria jednostkowej i społecznej alienacji; koncepcja emancypacji przez edukację; teoria ruchu emancypacyjnego; koncepcja nauczyciela jako transformatywnego intelektualisty; teoria utopii społecznej; koncepcja doktryny pedagogicznej i ich powiązania w ideologii edukacyjnej radykalnego humanizmu; ogolna teoria ideologii; koncepcja ukrytego programu edukacji oraz kryteriow ich krytyki; teoria pedagogii azylu. Należy zaznaczyć, że konsekwentna realizacja zadania badawczego wymagała nie tylko rekonstrukcji, analizy i odczytania koncepcji Fromma, jej kontekstu fi lozofi cznego oraz wpływu środowisk intelektualnego i kulturowego, z jakich się wywodzi, ale w kilku przypadkach również określenia, referowania czy wskazania stanu aktualnej dyskusji w pedagogice oraz poszczególnych naukach humanistycznych i społecznych na temat zagadnień, do których nawiązuje w swoich interdyscyplinarnych z założenia pismach. Innymi słowy, zadanie wymagało dostosowania się do okoliczności warunkujących podjętą pracę przekładu, by możliwe było prawidłowe przedstawienie konsekwencji myśli Fromma dla pedagogiki oraz jej adaptacja na gruncie dyscypliny i zgodnie z obowiązującymi w niej stanem wiedzy i regułami metodologicznymi. N2 - This monograph proves that the theory and practice of education, inspired by Erich Fromm's thought, can find in it a coherent and valuable interpretation representing the emancipatory orientation in the critical theory of education. He also indicates that the set of findings and solutions proposed by him without major obstacles can be a reservoir of individual borrowings for general pedagogy, the theory of upbringing, as well as interactions serving the formation of the entirety of human life abilities. In addition, he proves that the judgments formulated in his books and the theses put forward there remain an important source for further reflection in critical pedagogy, philosophy and education, as well as for research undertaken in various areas of educational sciences. Fromm's indicated and potential contribution to pedagogy included in this book, established on the basis of a comprehensive elaboration of his thought, can be reduced to a list of several complex issues developed in individual chapters, such as: the concept of human nature, human development, subjectivity, health and the ideal of upbringing; theory of society and its impact on the formation of personality and life skills; dialectic the concept of social change and the place and role of education in it; theory of individual and social alienation; the concept of emancipation through education; the theory of the emancipation movement; the concept of the teacher as a transformative intellectual; social utopia theory; the concept of pedagogical doctrine and their connections in the educational ideology of radical humanism; general theory ideology; the concept of a hidden education program and criteria for their criticism; asylum pedagogy theory. It should be noted that the consistent implementation of the research task required not only the reconstruction, analysis and interpretation of Fromm's concept, its philosophical context and the influence of the intellectual and cultural milieu from which it originated, but in several cases also determining, reporting or indicating the state of the current discussion in pedagogy and individual humanities and social sciences on the issues he refers to in his interdisciplinary writings. In other words, the task required adaptation to the circumstances conditioning the undertaken translation work, so that the consequences of Fromm's thought for pedagogy could be correctly presented and its adaptation within the discipline and in accordance with the state of knowledge and methodological rules applicable in it. [Google translator, 12/2022] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wójtowicz, Agniezska T1 - O samotności i miłości w >Pożądaniu w cieniu wiązów< Eugene'a O'Nilla [On Loneliness and Love in >Desire Under the Elms< by Eugene O'Neill] [Sur la solitude et l’amour dans >Desir sous les ormes< d’Eugene O’Neill], in: S. Caputa and A. Woźniakowska (Eds.): Wielkie tematy literatury amerykańskiej. Vol. 7, Miłoś, Katowice (Publishing House of the University of Silesia) Poland 2017, pp. 45-55, Polish. [ISBN: 9788322631478] N2 - The authoress of this article has attempted to read the play by an American playwright Eugene O’Neill in the light of the concept of love as proposed by Erich Fromm in 1956. This German philosopher argued that the only way to escape loneliness, a feeling to which everybody is doomed, is to unite oneself with another person in love. In a popular publication, titled >The Art of Loving<, Fromm describes various forms of love. >Desire Under the Elms< – a play written more than three decades before Fromm’s publication – seems to illustrate these philosophical considerations. Such a view on O’Neill’s work allows to notice its human dimension, and perceive its protagonists as an embodiment of the universal human condition. N2 - L’auteure du present article a essaye d’interpreter une piece du dramaturge americain Eugene O’Neill a travers le prisme de la notion d’amour, selon la conception proposee par Erich Fromm en 1956. Ce philosophe allemand trouvait que l’union avec autrui dans l’amour est le seul moyen de s’evader de la solitude, a laquelle est condamne chaque homme. Dans la publication populaire intitulee L’art d’aimer, Fromm decrit differentes formes d’amour. Desir sous les ormes, piece redigee plus de trois decennies avant le livre de Fromm, semble etre l’illustration de ces reflexions philosophiques. Un tel regard sur la piece d’O’Neill permet de voir sa dimension humaine et, dans ses heros, l’incarnation de la condition universelle de l’homme. Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wu, Fengcheng T1 - 人的全面發展如何可能:佛洛姆教育理論研究 [How Comprehensive Human Development is Possible: A Study of Fromm's Theory of Education], Doctoral dissertation, Institute of East Asian Studies, National Chengchi University, Taiwan 2005. N2 - 佛洛姆雖然沒有提出系統的教育理論,但其理論以人的全面發展、充分誕生為目標,以建立人本主義的社會主義社會為理想,冀望人人覺悟異化的實相,努力克服非理性的熱情與性格,發展生產性格,以解決生存的矛盾,而能夠健全的生活,實具有教育理論的內涵。本文所嘗試為其建立的教育理論,奠基於其人性論、異化論與歷史唯物論,既重視人本身人性力量的發揮,也重視社會整體結構對人發展的影響,有別於先前對其教育理論探討者之忽視社會結構的分析。其人性論承繼馬克思的人性論,以自由而有意識的活動的社會存有為人的本質,同時又根據其心理分析實踐的反思,以內在於人生存處境的矛盾為人的本質。人要獲得自由,必須擴大對自己無意識的覺察,從無意識的壓抑中解放出來。在最深的無意識中,人可以覺察到普遍的人性,而體驗到與所有人類為一體。一般人無法意識到如此深的無意識,但如能意識到其性格結構、社會性格、社會無意識、社會的意識形態等,則能覺察到諸種壓抑其自由發展的內、外在障礙。資本主義社會的生產方式,促使人發展非生產性的市場性格、接受性格等異化的性格,又發展出產業與人工頭腦時代的宗教,來強化這些性格。人由這些非生產性格發展出貪婪、自戀、亂倫固著、威權性格、破壞性等非理性熱情,又屈從於匿名權威,成為自動機器人,遂不得自由發展。人由生產性的工作、工作社群、產業民主、健全消費、全民參與式民主、集體藝術、人本主義的宗教與教育,可以發展生產性格結構,發展生產性的愛與理性的力量,以克服與自我、他人、自然異化的生存矛盾,而達到與世界合一的真我,真正得到自由的發展。生產性格者能夠帶動產生更多的生產性格者,一個社會若有許多生產性格者,就能逐漸轉變社會盛行的價值與觀念,進而逐漸轉變社會性格與社會的生產方式。佛洛姆以生產性的愛為基礎的認識論,和格物致知的修養功夫相似,必須格除私欲,克服自戀等非理性熱情,以無我的愛與世界關聯,心清淨無染,才能看清世界。在這個基礎上,才能發展愛與理性的能力,及其他的人性潛能。故學為聖人,放下自我,從自我的牢籠中脫離出來,乃人得以自由發展的重要關鍵。以「存有」情態學習人類導師與人本宗教的教誨,知行合一的實踐博愛,能夠克服自戀,發展生產性格。能相當程度的發展生產性格,解決生存矛盾之後,才能健全的生活,發展各種人性潛能。生產性格的教育者與領導人「作之君、作之親、作之師」,將家庭、學校、公司等小團體,建立成以愛生性為導向的學習社會,可以促進所有成員生產性格的發展。這種學習社會可以漸次擴大,而將整個社會、國家建立成以愛生性為導向的團體。經由教育者的愛與人格典範、童蒙養正、教勞結合、內在自我實現動機的啟發、落實所教內容、對受教者的信心,可以幫助人發展生產性格,克服異化。教育學的理論與實踐,應更重視整體社會結構與歷史對人的影響,應更重視德育對人整體發展的影響,避免將自私、異化的人視為常態,而應以幫助人發展成生產性格者為目標去進行研究與實踐。 N2 - Although Erich Fromm did not develop a systematic theory of education, his theories have profound implications for human education. In this dissertation I aim to construct a theory of education by exploiting Fromm’s theory of human nature, theory of alienation, and theory of historical materialism. It emphasizes the power of human nature, and at the same time takes into account the effects of social structure, which have so far been neglected in existing literatures. According to Fromm, a man’s full development can be achieved only if he has a productive character. The cultivation of a productive character is therefore an essential issue for education theory. Capitalistic mode of production tends to induce in man unproductive marketing, receptive, and other alienated characters, which are further enforced by the ensuing industrial and cybernetic religions. By means of work community, sane consumption, participant democracy, collective art, humanistic religion and education, Fromm wished to build a socialist society which can help its people develop a productive character: For instance, an educator or leader can establish a learning community orientated toward biophilia in his family, school, or company, and help its members develop productive character through his love for them. If such community could pervade the entire society, the growth in people with productive character would gradually transform the overwhelming social values and ideas, and make impacts to the social character and the mode of production. Fromm’s theory of knowledge based on productive love is akin to Wang young-ming’s philosophy of gewuzhizhi. It is only when man could get rid of irrational passions and associate with the world with selfless love, while possessing a pure, uninfected mind, that he could see the world clearly. He is then able to develop productive love and reason, and other human potentialities. Therefore, learning to become a saint, transcending the delusive reality of the solitary self, are keys to man’s free development. Learning the teachings of great teachers of humankind and humanistic religion with “being orientation”, practicing love without distinction, will help man do away with narcissism and cultivate a productive character. It is important to recognize that the theory and practice of education should pay more attention to the impacts of social structure and history upon man, and put more emphasis on the effects of moral education and character development. In particular, in both theory and practice, education should never take selfish and/or alienated individuals as usual, but should rather aim to cultivate in them a productive character. Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woźniak, Waldemar T1 - Review Fromm, E.: The Anatomy of Human Destructivity (Polish). JF - Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne, Vol. 13 (2004), 438-440. Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wu, Lin T1 - A Study of Alienation in Anne Tyler’s Works Based on Genette’s Narrative Theories –Taking >Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant< and >The Accidental Tourist< for Examples, World Literature, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China 2021 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Anne Tyler is deemed as one of the most outstanding writers and literary critics in contemporary America. Over her long career, distinguished by her vivid description of the conflicts in family life, Tyler has continually published over twenty novels, as well as over fifty short stories and numerous book reviews. Among them, Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant (1982) and >The Accidental Tourist< (1985) are two typical examples. The two novels share a common theme: alienation and loneliness, and the author uses the narrative model of internal focalization in both novels. The difference is that in >Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant<, Tyler flexibly adopts three models of internal focalization: fixed internal focalization, variable internal focalization and multiple internal focalization. While in >The Accidental Tourist<, fixed internal focalization is employed throughout the story. These two novels do not have the tortuous and bizarre storyline, but only revolve around trivial matters that have occurred in family, including the contradiction and estrangement between family members and so on. Judging from the existing literature at home and abroad, there is still great potential for in-depth research on Anne Tyler and her two novels. Based on Gérard Genette’s Narrative Theories, this thesis is devoted to a comparative study of alienation in Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant and >The Accidental Tourist< by means of close reading and theoretical analysis, so as to help readers gain a deep understanding of Tyler’s writing style and alienation theme, and also render a new perspective for further interpretation of Tyler’s family novels. This thesis consists of six parts. Chapter One first gives a brief introduction to the writer Anne Tyler and her works. Then, the definition of alienation is presented, especially Fromm’s views on alienation. In the end of this chapter, the significance and structure of the thesis are pointed out.– Chapter Two is Literature Review. In this part, the study on Anne Tyler and her two representative novels at home and abroad are shown.– Chapter Three is the theoretical framework of the thesis, in which Genette’s narratology theory is explained in detail, especially the narrative focalization: zero focalization, internal focalization, external focalization.– Chapter Four and Chapter Five are the main body of the thesis. Chapter Four aims to compare and analyze the manifestation of alienation in the two novels from different internal focalization types. This chapter can be divided into two parts. The first part will analyze the self-alienation in the two novels. The second part will explore the alienation of interpersonal relationship in the two novels, including two types: the alienation among family members and the alienation with non-family members. And the environmental alienation will be taken into consideration in this part, which accelerates the alienation of characters in the two novels.– Chapter Five is expected to elaborate the external and internal reasons of the alienation in the two novels, and explore the countermeasures to overcome alienation. External reasons, such as the social and historical background, the writer’s experience, the influence of American Southern literature and the family background are analyzed. In view of the internal reasons, this thesis puts an emphasis on personal attitude and choice. In terms of countermeasures, the strength of family ties weakens the alienation in >Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant<. While in >The Accidental Tourist<, the greatness of affection helps the protagonist Macon overcome alienation partially.– Chapter Six – conclusion part, the author summaries the previous viewpoints and puts forward the suggestion for further study. [www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wu, Jinrong T1 - Werner’s Pursuit of Positive Freedom – An Analysis of >All the Light We Cannot See< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Theory of Freedom, Master thesis, World Literature, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China [application of Fromm’s theories to art]. N2 - The young American novelist Anthony Doerr spent ten years creating >All the Light We Cannot See<, which won the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Literature for its subtle storyline and beautiful writing upon its publication. The novel tells the story of Werner, an orphan who embarks on the way of negative freedom due to his ignorance to the world and his worship of authoritarianism, and eventually breaks free from various fetters to gain true freedom. The German humanist philosopher Fromm constructs the unique theory of freedom based on psychoanalysis and Marxism. The negative freedom and positive freedom he proposed constitute the core of his theory of freedom. Fromm argues that the removal of external obstacles does not imply true freedom because it does not guarantee the realization of true development of man’s own power. Instead, positive freedom is the essence of freedom, and true freedom can be fully achieved only when man fully exerts his power of spontaneity and creativity and establishes a close connection with the world. Based on Fromm’s theory of freedom, this thesis interprets the manifestations of Werner’s descent into negative freedom in terms of authoritarianism, destructiveness, and automaton conformity. In addition, this thesis addresses three periods of Werner’s pursuit of positive freedom, namely, the beginning period of conscience awakening, the critical period of spontaneous development, and the realization period of positive freedom. True freedom can be achieved only when man lives spontaneously as a complete subject. Negative freedom brings Werner anxiety and loneliness, so he sets out to pursue positive freedom. Ultimately, Werner achieves self-identity and positive freedom through love, creative work and rational faith. The purpose of this thesis is to reveal that freedom from bondage and obstacles offers us only negative freedom, which seems to bring a sense of security but is followed by endless loneliness and nothingness. Unlike negative freedom, positive freedom provides a true sense of happiness and belonging based on self-actualization. We should acknowledge the existence of negative freedom and strive to achieve true freedom through spontaneous love and creative activity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woodall, Tony T1 - Driven to excess? Linking calling, character and the (mis)behaviour of marketers JF - Marketing Theory, Vol. 12, No. 2 (2012), pp. 173-191. [Online ISSN 1741-301X] [doi.org/10.1177/1470593111418797] N2 - We are presently at a point of unique circumstantial convergence where recession, an increased emphasis on business ethics, and marketer’s reluctance to accept shifting social agendas have combined to identify the need for a new approach to marketing. Using concepts from the human resources, marketing and psychology literatures, and especially Erich Fromm’s ideas concerning economic character, this paper posits that marketers – as a professional community – are driven to promote consumerist outcomes; victims of an automaton amalgam of calling and character. The analysis suggests the vulnerability of both marketer and consumer are mutually reinforcing and that we need, somehow, to break this damaging cycle of dependence. We know little, however, about how marketers think and feel about their discipline, so this paper also promotes an agenda for marketer behaviour research, as a countervailing balance to a currently disproportionate focus on the consumer. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wu, Guanjun T1 - Love Revolution and Algorithmic Revolution: From Platform Capitalism to Post-humanism [爱的革命与算法革命——从平台资本主义到后人类主义] JF - Journal of Shanxi University (Philosophy and Social Science Edition), No. 5 (2022), pp.:11-23. N2 - In the last decade we have witnessed the vast development of AI algorithm, which is perceived as a new approach to solve human problems. Meanwhile, within the humanist framework love is regarded as the answer to human survival as well as to the question of good life. However, love itself is in crisis today. AI (which is exactly how love is pronounced in Chinese/Mandarin), with its algorithmic revolution, is nonetheless powerless in coping with the crisis of love revolution. In the post-humanistic horizon, we are facing three different kinds of >black box<. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xiao, Dawei A1 - Cao, Guihua T1 - Analysis of the Psychological Predicament of Contemporary College Students from the Perspective of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< (2022) [从弗洛姆《逃避自由》的角度分析当代大学生心理困境] JF - Culture Journal [文化学刊], No. 5 (2022), 165-169. N2 - 进入高校的大学生们尚未完全成熟,同时面临着学习与就业过程中的种种问题。2020年至今,新冠肺炎疫情反复出现,中国是世界上控制疫情最好的国家之一,因此,中国大学生出国留学率降低,国内考研升学与考编竞争更加激烈,加剧了大学生学习与择业方面的心理困境。从弗洛姆的《逃避自由》为理论背景分析当代大学生>躺平<>内卷<心态与学习焦虑、内心空虚、择业迷茫、盲目从众的现象,对其进行积极正确引导,增强其自信心,帮助大学生树立正确的学习观及择 N2 - College students who have entered colleges and universities are not yet fully mature, and are faced with various problems in the process of study and employment. Since 2020, the new corona pneumonia epidemic has repeatedly appeared. China is one of the countries with the best control of the epidemic in the world. Therefore, the rate of Chinese college students studying abroad has decreased, and the competition for domestic postgraduate entrance examinations and examinations has become more intense. Psychological Dilemma. From the theoretical background of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< to analyze the phenomena of >lying down< and >involution< mentality and learning anxiety, inner emptiness, confusion in choosing a career, and blind conformity of contemporary college students, and actively and correctly guide them to enhance their self-confidence, to help college students establish a correct view of learning and choose. [Translation: Google translator, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xie, Donghua T1 - Psychoanalytic Psychologists’ View of the Female Psychology [精神分析心理学家的女性心理观] JF - Journal of Nanjing Xiaozhuang University [南京晓庄学院学报], No. 4 (2023), pp. 74-79. N2 - 女性心理的发生、发展和变化规律及与男性心理的差异,是心理学的一项重要研究任务。然而,纵观科学心理学近一个半世纪的发展历程,女性心理并不是众多心理学家特意关注的显性主题。在众多心理学理论流派中,精神分析心理学家对女性心理的研究最多也最深入。弗洛伊德及其后继者从不同角度和层面对女性心理进行了探讨和揭秘。弗洛伊德强调性本能,其早期追随者荣格强调原型、阿德勒强调社会地位,其后期追随者霍妮强调社会文化环境、埃里克森强调社会经验、克莱因强调母女关系、弗洛姆强调社会心理氛围。精神分析心理学家在各自理论框架内提出和阐释自己的女性心理观,对后来女性心理学发展和女性心理研究具有重要意义。 N2 - The occurrence, development and change law of female psychology and its difference with male psychology is an important research task of psychology. However, looking at the development of scientific psychology in the past one and a half centuries, female psychology is not a dominant theme that many psychologists have deliberately focused on. Among the many theoretical schools of psychology, psychoanalytic psychologists have studied the female psyche the most and in the most depth. Freud and his successors explored and uncovered the female psyche from different angles and levels. Freud emphasized sexual instinct, his early followers Jung emphasized archetypes, Adler emphasized social status, his later followers Horney emphasized socio-cultural environment, Erikson emphasized social experience, Klein emphasized mother-daughter relationship, and Fromm emphasized psychosocial atmosphere. Psychoanalytic psychologists proposed and elaborated their own view of female psychology within their respective theoretical frameworks, which was important for the subsequent development of female psychology and the study of female psychology. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xie, Tianhai T1 - Psychologists across Borders: Erich Fromm and Mid-20th Century America (2022) [跨界的心理学家:埃里克·弗洛姆与20世纪中期的美国] JF - World Culture [世界文化], No. 7 (2022), pp. 10-15 N2 - 在心理学界,埃里克·弗洛姆可谓是一名具有独特风格的学者,与西格蒙特·弗洛伊德、卡尔·荣格等前辈心理学者相比,弗洛姆的学术视野开阔,涉猎广泛,将心理学、神学、社会学、文化学熔为一炉。他不仅著作等身,而且将心理学引入了大众视野,从“二战”到20世纪五六十年代,他的作品不断成为社会关注的焦点,引领并改变着美国人乃至整个西方社会看待世界的方式。本文主要介绍弗洛姆的生平、著作以及其对美国社会生活产生的影响。 N2 - Weeds<, We Must Plant >Crops< – Talking about How to Abandon Non-Love and Build True Love [欲除>杂草<,须种>庄稼<——谈如何摈弃非爱构建真爱] JF - Examination Weekly [考试周刊], No. 91 (2014), p. 172. N2 - 什么是非爱行为?师爱在教育理论中始终处于核心地位,被视为教育的灵魂和本质。夏丏尊认为:>教育之不能没有感情,没有爱,如同池塘没有水一样。没有水,就不能称其为池塘,没有爱就没有教育。<安东尼·华尔士认为,爱意味着主动关心他人的幸福。弗洛姆认为,爱是给予、关心、责任感、尊重和了解。非爱行为是打着爱的旗号让爱的对象按照自己的意愿去做,是以爱的名义对爱的对象进行强制性束缚、限制和控制。 N2 - What is non-loving behavior? Teacher love has always been at the heart of educational theory, and is regarded as the soul and essence of education. According to Xia Hideaway, >Education cannot be without affection, without love, just like a pond without water. Without water, it cannot be called a pond, and without love, there is no education.< According to Anthony Walsh, love means taking an active interest in the well-being of others. According to Fromm, love is giving, caring, responsibility, respect and understanding. Non-loving behavior is to make the object of love do what one wants in the name of love, to bind, restrict and control the object of love coercively in the name of love. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xia, Ying T1 - The Happiness Theory and Its Contemporary Interpretation, Master thesis, Ethics, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China 2012. N2 - In all ages, whatever social economy and class structure change, happiness is always the pursuit goal of people from vary historical ages. Based on the social and historical reality, the philosophers have given a lot of judgments about happiness, and happiness problem is always a major task in ethnics study. However, the ideologists a tall times and in all countries have vary opinions about happiness unable to decide which is right. So, for the people in modern society it has important meaning to card happiness theory and discuss its signification and essence. Firstly this paper carded the tradition of Chinese happiness theory. In the view of history, Chinese ideologists’ viewpoints of happiness can be divided into two parts, deontology and utilitarianism. Although these two parts have different contestations respectively, they also have an accordant viewpoint at happiness realization, that is, to achieve happiness by self-improvement.– Then this paper carded tradition of western happiness theory to classify it into two kinds, hedonistic eudemonism and consummate eudemonism. The hedonistic considered that happiness was based on people’s feeling. They thought feeling pleasure was happiness with some representatives such as Locke, Bentham, Muller, Feuerbach etc. However the consummate was firstly mentioned by Aristotle. It considered that perfection was happiness with some other representatives such as Paulsen, Fromm etc.– The third part of paper summarized Marxist eudemonism including main structure, inscapes, social historical conditions, evolution rules and characters etc. Marxist eudemonism is based on criticism and self-reflection on hedonistic and consummate. Itis scientific to lead contemporary people to correctly realize and achieve happiness.– The last part of paper tried to give a contemporary interpretation on happiness. It considered that contemporary happiness mainly embodied in the people’s livelihood. After clarifying meanings of people’s livelihood and its problem, this paper discussed essence of people’s livelihood happiness, gave an opinion that the government must be mainly responsible for people’s livelihood happiness, and finally proposed a method to achieve happiness, that is, to establish a people oriented concept of happiness. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xin, Xiaoming T1 - Multi-dimensional Orientation of >Educational Freedom< from Fromm’s View of Freedom [从弗洛姆的自由观看>教育自由<的多维取向] JF - Learning & Education, Volume 10, Issue 4 (2021). N2 - 自由为人们提供了实现自我的机会和条件。同时,追求自由也是教育的价值诉求和终极理想。积极的教育自由意味着人类精神世界能够以健康、有价值的方式成长。弗洛姆的自由思想在西方学术界具有一定的影响,可以为深入探究教育与自由的关系提供新的理论视角。本文试图结合弗洛姆的自由理论,从认识论、心理学和伦理学三个方面对教育自由进行界定。[Automatic translation from English: www.cnki.net, 4/2022] N2 - Freedom provides people with opportunities and conditions to realize themselves. At the same time, the pursuit of freedom is also the value aspiration and ultimate ideal of education. Positive educational freedom means that the human spiritual world can grow up in a healthy and valuable way. Fromm’s thoughts on freedom have a certain influence in Western academic circles, and can provide a new theoretical perspective for in-depth exploration of the relationship between education and freedom. This paper tries to define educational freedom from epistemology, psychology and ethics in combination with Fromm’s theory of freedom. [Original English: www.cnki.net, 4/2022] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xiao, Yufen T1 - Alienation and Salvation: A Study of Celeste Ng’s >Everything I Never Told You<, Master thesis, World Literature, Xi'an International University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Celeste Ng is one of the most prominent contemporary Chinese American writers. Her debut novel >Everything I Never Told You<, which took six years to complete, has obtained a huge success since it was published. It won the first place of Amazon Book of the Year in 2014, making a sensation in the European and American literary circles. At present, scholars at home and abroad have mostly studied >Everything I Never Told You< from the perspectives of post-colonialism, feminism, cultural conflict, family education and family relations, but few of them have analyzed it from the perspective of alienation. Therefore, this thesis attempts to apply Erich Fromm’s theory of alienation to analyze the alienation theme in >Everything I Never Told You< from three perspectives: the alienation between man and society, the alienation between man and man, and the alienation between man and self, and elaborating on the ways in which each of these family members overcomes alienation to achieve salvation. Through the interpretation of alienation in >Everything I Never Told You<, this thesis aims to reveal the survival dilemma of the interracial families in Celeste Ng’s writings, insinuating the alienated state of modern people, and trying to provide a way for modern people to overcome alienation. When in a state of alienation, people can overcome alienation and achieve salvation by actively facing the dilemma, promoting their self-identity, cultivating the ability to love and building harmonious interpersonal relationships. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xi, Lin T1 - The China Model of Development as Solidarity JF - Chinese Political Science Review, Vol. 5, No. 1 (2020), pp. 31-49. [Online ISSN 2365-4252] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] What is the unique feature of China’s model of development? Upon reviewing the >dialectics of development< that draws on both Amartya Sen and Erich Fromm, this paper argues that the China Model may have a particular strength in reconstructing its Confucian tradition towards social solidarity. In China, like other countries with a rapid development, swift social transformation has brought to fore as many positive as negative consequences, on the basis of which a mixed record of development in modern society can be pathologically diagnosed. Following the Durkheimer's premise that these social ills may be cured by a shift from mechanical solidarity (characteristic of a traditional society) to its organic counterpart, this paper, drawing on both Fisk and Confucius, proposes the idea of >civitas hominicivitas homini<, when combined together, shall reach a stage of >res publica latium< (commonwealth) that ensures both individual liberties and social solidarity, with different communities entering into terms of intersubjective recognition, tolerance, and peaceful coexistence. Through this >civitas homini<, we can rewrite the paradigm of development as one that aims at solidarity rather than purely individualistic freedom. [Author's English] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Włodarczyk, Rafał T1 - Utopia i edukacja. Studia z filozofii, teorii edukacji i pedagogiki azylu [Utopia and Education. Studies in Philosophy and Pedagogy of Asylum], Wrocław (Department of General Pedagogy at the University of Wrocław, Lower Silesia) Poland 2021, 440 pp., Polish. (Series: Publications of the Department of General Pedagogy at the University of Wrocław – Issue IV.) [ISBN 978-83-62618-68-2] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Mengyue T1 - The Consciousness of Constructing Black Community in >A Raisin in the Sun< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Academic Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences (Francis Academic Press, UK), Vol. 6, No. 15 (2023), pp. 29 – 34 [ISSN 2616-5783] [doi.org/10.25236/AJHSS.2023.061505] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Lorraine Hansberry, the first black playwright and the youngest American to win a New York Critics’ Circle award, her >A Raisin in the sun<, opens on Broadway with great success. This paper mainly adopts the Alienation Theory of Fromm to explore her consciousness of reconstructing an inclusive Black Community based on disclosing that the dreams of the black people are distorted into sublime objects constructed by the dominant ideology. Grounded on the three principles from Fromm’s Alienation theory, this paper finds that Hansberry has not only suggested that the elimination of alienation can be achieved by the strong power of family bonds but also highlighted the essential role that the Black tradition plays in the construction of an inclusive Black Community where black people can traverse the ideological fantasy and develop their racial pride. [Author's English] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Shijie T1 - On the Theme of Alienation in Mrs. Gaskell’s >Mary Barton<, Master thesis, World literature, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2020 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Mrs. Elizabeth Gaskell is considered to be one of the most influential British female writers in the 19th century, whose works are famous for reflecting the labor conflicts between the bourgeoisie and the working class, such as >Mary Barton<, >North and South<, >Ruth<, and so on. Mrs. Gaskell published her first novel >Mary Barton< in 1848. Taking the British Chartist Movement and the worker's strike as its background, the novel which has high realistic value profoundly describes the real social life and ideological situation of the workers in Manchester under the oppression of capitalists. In the 19th century, in terms of the English literature which reflects the daily life of the working class vividly and carefully, the achievements of this novel are incomparable with any other works. In recent years, with the rise of western feminism and the emergence of some criticisms of literary and cultural which focus on the social historical background, the classic novel >Mary Barton< has aroused people‘s interests and attentions again. Taking Mrs. Gaskell‘s >Mary Barton< as the research object, on the basis of Fromm‘s alienation theory, this thesis explains the theme of alienation in the novel.– The thesis consists of three parts including introduction, main body, and conclusion. The introduction part mainly presents the life of Mrs. Gaskell, the principal content of >Mary Barton<, as well as the literature review and thesis statement. The main body of this thesis is composed of five chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the origin and development of alienation theory, especially the main contents of Fromm‘s alienation theory, including man‘s self-alienation, the alienation between man and man, and the alienation between man and nature. The second chapter analyzes the self-alienation of the characters in the novel, mostly including Mary‘s absurd view of love, John‘s twisted character, and Old Carson‘s vulgar view of interest, etc, which reveal the far-reaching impact of self-alienation on the characters, and ultimately lead to the tragic endings of these characters. The third chapter discusses the alienation between man and man from the aspects of family and work relations in the novel. The fourth chapter expounds the alienation between man and nature, that is, the opposite relationships between man and nature in the novel. On the one hand, the two metropolises of Manchester and London are gradually declining due to human activities. On the other hand, the disease outbreaks and the depletion of natural resources also have an indelible impact on people‘s lives. The fifth chapter explains the main reasons of the alienation in >Mary Barton<, which are the influence of the Chartist Movement, the rule of class consciousness and rights consciousness, the prevalence of egoism and the spread of Anthropocentrism. The conclusion part makes the summary of this thesis and briefly introduces the significance. Based on the analysis of the specific alienated images of characters in the novel, this thesis discusses the essence of alienation of human nature and estrangement of interpersonal relationship in capitalist society described by Mrs. Gaskell, and sparks thoughts about the nature of human, the relationships between man and nature and the relationships between people in contemporary society, which will further strengthen the confidence in building a healthy and harmonious society. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xue, Han T1 - An Interpretation of Alienation in >More Die of Heartbreak< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Humanism, Master thesis, World Literature, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China 2023 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - As a master of American literature and a representative writer of academic school in the 20th century, Saul Bellow revealed the spiritual crisis encountered by intellectuals and reflected the spiritual emptiness of people in the social background of moral decline and materialistic desire. >More Die of Heartbreak< is a novel written by Bellow during his latter period of creation. The novel shows the complicated contemporary love, marriage, family condition and the alienated society that is trapped by money, consumerism, and sex. In this thesis, Erich Fromm’s humanism is used to deeply interpret the embodiments, causes, and salvation of alienation in >More Die of Heartbreak<.– The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces Saul Bellow, >More Die of Heartbreak<, research status at home and abroad, alienation and humanistic theory.– Chapter two interprets the embodiments of alienation in >More Die of Heartbreak<, including self-alienation, interpersonal alienation, and alienation between people and society.– Chapter three explores the causes of alienation. Firstly, self-alienation is mainly caused by receptive character, irrational need for relatedness, and alienated way to satisfy relatedness. Secondly, causes of interpersonal alienation mainly include morbidity and liberation of sex, nonproductive character orientation, the impact of pragmatism and the contradiction of different cultures. Thirdly, consumers’ morbid desire for sign value and the media with negative guidance also lead to alienation between human and society.– Chapter four explores how to overcome alienation. Firstly, it expounds that Benn and Kenneth overcome self-alienation through self-improvement. Secondly, individuals can overcome loneliness and rebuild harmonious interpersonal relationships under the salvation of love. Finally, the being mode of existence advocated by Fromm is helpful for individuals to overcome the influence of social alienation and reshape harmony between man and society.– The last chapter is the conclusion, which points out that although contemporary westerners are troubled by alienation, people can still resist alienation through self-improvement, love, and choosing the being mode of existence. It is significant to overcome alienation in a materialistic society from the perspective of humanism. While exploring the embodiments, causes, and solutions of alienation in >More Die of Heartbreak<, this thesis hopes to raise people’s concern about the elimination of alienation and provide enlightenment on how to overcome alienation. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Hanyu T1 - The Study of Fromm’s Ideas on Sane Society, Master thesis, Philosophy, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China 2023 [doi.org/10.27441/d.cnki.gyzdu.2023.002580] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] As a contemporary psychoanalyst and philosopher, Fromm devoted his life to researching how to heal the mentally ill in contemporary society and to uncovering the root causes of people’s sicknesses in capitalist society. He tried to explain, what is the nature of human beings, what are human needs and the causes of human pathological alienation, etc. Unlike the one-sided criticism of other thinkers on political and economic aspects, Fromm analyzed the causes of the sickness of Western capitalist society from the internal to the external environment, from the individual to the group, from the individual to the society, from the primitive society to the historical class change, from the aspects of man and others, man and nature, man and society, and man and himself, and built a blueprint of a sane society. He pointed out the need to make a sane society a reality through the simultaneous implementation of a political, economic, and psychological revolution.– This paper is a re-investigative analysis of Fromm’s idea of sane society, divided into four parts. The first part, to sort out the background and ideological origins of Fromm’s sane society theory. In the second part, we analyze the logical structure of Fromm’s sane society theory, analyze the nature of human beings, the dichotomy of human existence, human survival needs, and human social needs, and focus on the problem of mental alienation arising from the suppression of human survival needs, the social character as an intermediary between individuals and society, and the root cause of the alienation of social character, and make a presentation of the pathological personality and pathological society presented by the alienation. The presentation is based on this. On this basis, Fromm’s vision of economic change, political change, and cultural change and his strategies for practice are discussed. The last section analyzes the theoretical orientation of sane social thought and its practical implications for contemporary society. It is not difficult to find from Fromm’s sane social thought that his thought is very distinctly humanistic. By thinking about human nature and how to forge a healthy personality, combining Freud’s psychoanalytic doctrine with Marx’s theory of anthropology and the theory of labor alienation, he formed his unique theoretical system, the humanistic psychoanalysis. His concern for the mental health of all human beings and his pursuit of the >free development of all human beings< are in line with the core values of the comprehensive development of the state under the current conditions of socialist market economy, which are people-oriented and have great inspiration and practical guidance on how to solve social problems. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2024] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Linlin A1 - Zhang, Sihui T1 - Ethical Exploration of Short Video Alienation from the Perspective of Technology Humanization [技术人道化视域下的短视频异化问题伦理探究] N2 - 网络时代的信息化发展,使短视频APP成为人们日常娱乐的重要途径。短视频APP在给人们带来多种文化产品的同时也带来了一系列问题,如短视频制作及使用主体的异化,短视频技术及平台的异化、尤其是网络主体在异化技术的驱使下逐渐迷失自我等问题。文章从弗洛姆的人道主义视角出发,探讨了短视频技术所带来的异化问题,并提出了良性自我意识培养和建立合理机制等治理方法。 N2 - The development of information technology in the network era has made short video App an important way for people's daily entertainment. While bringing a variety of cultural products to people, short video app also brings a series of problems, such as the alienation of short video production and use subjects, the alienation of short video technology and platform, and especially the gradual loss of self driven by the alienation technology of online subjects. From Fromm's humanistic perspective, the article discusses the alienation brought about by short video technology and proposes ways to deal with it, such as cultivating a benign self-awareness and establishing a rational mechanism. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 1/2022] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Han T1 - Alienated Society, Confused Little People – A Study of >Rabbit, Run< from the Perspective of Alienation Theory [异化的社会,迷惘的小人物——异化理论视角下的《兔子,跑吧》探究] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - English Square [期刊导航], No. 18 (2023), pp.72-75. N2 - 《兔子,跑吧》是厄普代克>兔子四部曲<中的第一部,主要讲述了不堪忍受平庸的生活以及家庭琐事的青年男性哈利想要逃脱原本生活的束缚,最后却又无法挣脱自己精神枷锁的故事。本文从弗洛姆的异化理论入手,从男女关系的异化与人与自我的异化两方面主题对《兔子,跑吧》探讨,指出异化是时代背景下政治经济地位不平等而演化出的不满导致的。唯有用爱,才能克服异化,消除社会的异化。 N2 - >Rabbit, Run< is the first book in Updike's >Rabbit Tetralogy<, which mainly tells the story of Harry, a young male who is unable to bear the mediocrity of his life and the trivialities of his family and wants to escape from his original life, but in the end, he is unable to break free from his mental shackles. Starting from Fromm's theory of alienation, this paper explores >Rabbit, Run< from the themes of alienation of male-female relationship and alienation of man and self, pointing out that alienation is the result of dissatisfaction evolved from unequal political and economic status in the context of the times. Only with love can we overcome alienation and eliminate social alienation. [www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2023 Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Jin T1 - Happiness and Moral Education, Starting with Filial Piety [幸福德育,孝心入手] JF - New Head Teacher [新班主任], No. 6 (2016), p. 47. N2 - 说到孝心,有的中学生误认为,孝心就是能考出好成绩,孝心是长大以后才操心的事情,或者,孝心就是给父母物质享受——这些其实都是对孝心的误解。作为教育工作者,该如何对中学生进行正确的孝心教育指导,并以此为基础来创建幸福德育呢?呼吁学生尊重生命我认为,在教导学生如何尽孝时,最主要的一点就是告诉他们要尊重自己的生命。弗洛姆曾说:>尊重生命,尊重他人也尊重自己的生命,是生命进程中 …< N2 - When it comes to filial piety, some middle school students mistakenly believe that filial piety means being able to get good grades in exams, that filial piety is something to worry about only when they grow up, or that filial piety means giving material benefits to their parents – these are actually misconceptions about filial piety. As an educator, how should we provide correct filial piety education guidance to middle school students, and use this as a basis to create a happy moral education? To appeal to students to respect life, I think that when teaching students how to be filial piety, the most important point is to tell them to respect your own life. Fromm once said: >Respect for life, respect for others and respect for one's own life, is the process of life ...< [Translation: www.DeepL./Translator, free version, 5/2023] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yalvac, Faruk T1 - Alienation and Marxism: An Alternative Starting Point for Critical IR Theory JF - E-International Relations, Jan. 27 (2022), pp. 3-7. [ISSN 2053-8626] N2 - This article aims to be an intervention into the recent discussions on the importance anxiety and ontological security in the study of International Relations (IR) (Kinvall and Mitzen, 2020; Hom and Steele, 2020; Rumelili, 2020). The paper poses an alternative critical starting point based on the Marxist concept of alienation. Marx’s work on alienation continued in historical materialist traditions such as in Lukács’ (1971) analysis reification has a lot to offer to the discussions on emotions and anxiety and the development of a politically relevant critical theory of IR. My purpose is to draw attention to the potential of Marxist social theory and particularly the concept of alienation in contributing to the development of an emancipatory critical IR theory. Most of the recent discussions on anxiety remain at an abstract level. The recent existential accounts of anxiety and ontological insecurity have subjectivist and idealist conceptions failing to account for the structures of power and domination in capitalist society. However, Marx’s concept of alienation deals with the consequences of power and domination in a more historically specific way (Sayers 2011, 1) providing the basis for a more meaningful social critique oriented to human emancipation. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - The New World of Values in Michael Ende's >Die unendliche Geschichte< [米切尔·恩德小说《永远讲不完的故事》中的新价值世界T], Master thesis, World Literature, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 《永远讲不完的故事》是德国作家米切尔·恩德最具代表性的青少年奇幻文学作品之一。作者借以小主人公巴斯蒂安在现实世界的遭遇深刻阐释现代人的普遍精神现状:孤独和内心荒芜,并致力于通过主人公在幻想王国的冒险重建一个新的价值世界来改变现状。为寻找这个新的价值世界,本文首先借用社会心理学家弗洛姆的“>社会性格<理论对文章提及的旧世界以及不同社会模式下的价值进行挖掘,再对生活在这些价值模式下的人进行主体间性分析。通过分析导致巴斯蒂安孤独以及内心荒芜的是一个理性当道的世界,而帮助他从幻想王国重回现实世界的则是>爱<。在这个以爱为名的世界里,爱不仅帮助巴斯蒂安突破孤独的壁垒,而且用其所独有的创造性丰富个体内心世界。除此之外,爱还帮助巴斯蒂安以全新的观点发现世界,重寻自我。因此,>爱<作为新的价值当之无愧,必能引导人类精神重新归家,还给人其人性尊严。 N2 - >Die unendliche Geschichte< [>The Neverending Story<] is one of the most representative works of young people's fantasy literature by German author Michael Ende. The author uses the encounter of the young protagonist Bastian in the real world to profoundly explain the common spiritual status of modern people: loneliness and inner desolation, and devotes himself to rebuilding a new value world through the adventures of the protagonist in the fantasy kingdom to change the status quo. In order to find this new world of values, this paper first uses social psychologist Fromm's >social character< theory to explore the old world and the values under different social models mentioned in the article, and then analyzes the inter-subjectivity of people living under these value models. Through this analysis, Bastian's loneliness and inner desolation are caused by a world where reason prevails, while >love< helps him to return from the fantasy kingdom to the real world. In this world of love, love not only helps Bastian to break through the barrier of loneliness, but also enriches his inner world with its unique creativity. In addition, love helps Bastian to discover the world with a new perspective and to rediscover himself. Therefore, >love< is a new value that will lead the human spirit back to its home and restore its human dignity. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shanqi A1 - Yang, Xiaorui T1 - Consumption Alienation in the Digital Economy Era: Roots, Manifestations and Return to Autonomy [数字经济时代的消费异化:根源、表现与回归] JF - Unity, No. 6 (2022), pp. 33-35. N2 - 面对百年未有之大变局,>加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局<,消费已成为打通国内大循环生产、分配、流通、消费各个环节的重要突破口,作为劳动力再生产的必要手段,消费结构和质量更是关系到人民对美好生活的追求。数字经济时代人民消费的方式、内容和结构都发生了深刻的变革,消费主义文化在虚拟和现实世界交互中被放大,导致背离人本身需要的数字消费异化现象越来越成为一个不容忽视的社会问题。一、消费异化的根源消费异化理论可追溯到法兰克福学派埃里希·弗洛姆和赫伯特·马尔库塞的>消费领域的异化>和>虚假的需要<等概念。弗洛姆提到:因为消费成了目的本身因为消费不再是为了使用或享受买来的消费物品,所以购买和消费的行为成了强迫性的和非理性的目的。>同样,马尔库塞认为消费异化使人按照<虚假的需求>而消费,<>虚假的需求<是指那些在个人的压抑中由特殊的社 … N2 - In the face of the unprecedented changes in a century, >accelerate the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic circulation as the main body and the domestic and international circulation promoting each other<, consumption has become an important breakthrough to open the various links of production, distribution, circulation and consumption of the domestic circulation, as a necessary means of labor reproduction, the structure and quality of consumption is more related to People's pursuit of a better life. The way, content and structure of people's consumption in the digital economy have undergone profound changes, and the culture of consumerism has been amplified in the interaction between the virtual and real worlds, resulting in the alienation of digital consumption that deviates from people's own needs, which is becoming a social problem that cannot be ignored. The theory of consumer alienation can be traced back to the concepts of >alienation in the field of consumption< and >false needs< by Erich Fromm and Herbert Marcuse of the Frankfurt School. Fromm mentioned that >because consumption becomes an end in itself because it is no longer for the use or enjoyment of the bought consumer goods, the act of buying and consuming becomes a compulsive and irrational end.< Similarly, Marcuse argues that consumer alienation makes people consume according to >false needs<, >false needs< are those that are repressed by the individual in a special social … [Translation: www.deepL/Translator, free version, 5/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yan, Yan T1 - The Concept of >Human Nature< in the Eastern European Neo-Marxist Perspective – A Review of Marcuse's Interpretation of Marx's Concept of >Human Nature< [东欧新马克思主义视域中的>人的本质<概念——评马尔库什对马克思>人的本质<概念的解读] JF - Social Sciences Abroad [国外社会科学], No. 1 (2013), pp. 27-35. N2 - 本文聚焦于东欧新马克思主义理论家马尔库什对马克思>人的本质<概念的解读。在《马克思主义与人类学》中,马尔库什试图将马克思的>人的本质<概念与历史概念缝合在一起,进而阐明马克思的唯物史观。在有效区分>人的本性>和>人的本质<的基础上,他剖析了>人的本质<概念的三个要素:劳动、社会性和意识,并揭示出人的本质不是一切时代每个人类个体所必然具备的特性的总和,而是人类的真实的历史存在的那些特性,即自由、普遍性和主体性的实现。马尔库什对马克思>人的本质<概念的解读,秉承了卢卡奇人道主义马克思主义的基本思路,同时又有效避免了弗洛姆和阿尔都塞的理论缺陷,在一定程度上超越了西方马克思主义理论家的基本理路,对我们深入理解马克思思想具有重要的参考价值。 N2 - This paper focuses on Eastern European Neo-Marxist theorist Marcuse's interpretation of Marx's concept of >human essence<. In Marxism and Anthropology, Marcuse attempts to stitch together Marx's concept of >human essence< and the concept of history, and thus clarify Marx's materialistic view of history. On the basis of the effective distinction between >human nature< and >human essence<, he analyzes the three elements of the concept of >human essence<: labor, sociality, and consciousness, and reveals that human essence is not the sum of the characteristics that every individual human being necessarily possesses in all times, but those characteristics of the real historical existence of human beings, namely, freedom, universality, and the realization of subjectivity. Marcuse's interpretation of Marx's concept of >human essence< follows the basic idea of Lukács' humanistic Marxism, while effectively avoiding the theoretical defects of Fromm and Althusser, and to a certain extent transcends the basic theories of Western Marxist theorists. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Mingyue A1 - Wang, Zhiyin T1 - Briony's Self-redemption Process in >Atonement< Based on Social Personality Theory [社会性格理论下《赎罪》中布里奥妮的自我救赎过程] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Peony [牡丹], No. 20 (2023), pp. 95-98. N2 - 赎罪》是麦克尤恩的一部著名的长篇小说,小说中悲剧形成的背后显然存在着更复杂的因素。本文以弗洛姆的社会性格理论为理论依据,从社会经济因素、父母意识两个方面出发,对书中推动布里奥妮作出错误指认的因素进行分析,并借此研究深埋在悲剧之后的一系列阶级问题和腐朽思想,发现严苛的阶级观念和畸形的母爱是造成布里奥妮畸形性格的元凶,而成年之后的布里奥妮又通过道德意识的觉醒,实现自我救赎。 N2 - >Atonement< is a famous novel by McEwan. There are obviously more complex factors behind the formation of the tragedy in the novel. This article uses Fromm's social personality theory as a theoretical basis, starting from two aspects: socioeconomic factors and parental awareness, to analyze the factors that promote Briony's wrong identification in the book, and to study the hidden consequences behind the tragedy. A series of class issues and decadent ideas revealed that strict class concepts and abnormal maternal love were the culprits of Briony's deformed character. After adulthood, Briony realized self-salvation through the awakening of moral consciousness. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Liyin T1 - The Marxist Viewpoint of the Frankfurt School [法兰克福学派的马克思主义观] JF - Marxist Philosophical Research [马克思主义哲学研究], No. 00 (2011), pp. 224-235. N2 - 在马克思主义批判理论的宏旨下,法兰克福学派从多种视角出发继承和发展了马克思主义。霍克海默将其理论阐明为一种>批判理论<;阿多诺提出了以连续否定为核心的否定辨证法;马尔库塞先后将海德格尔、黑格尔、弗洛伊德与马克思的思想结合起来,对当代资本主义社会以及苏联马克思主义进行了有力的批判;弗洛姆将马克思主义视为一种人学,将其与精神分析学结合起来提出了>社会性格<等新范畴,并力图以此揭示经济基础和上层建筑相互作用的微观机制;哈贝马斯在批判吸收历史唯物主义的基础上,运用其交往理论的解释框架提出了以主体间的互动为社会发展基本动力的理论。 N2 - Under the grand purpose of Marxist critical theory, the Frankfurt School inherited and developed Marxism from various perspectives. Horkheimer's theory was articulated as a >Critical theory<; Adorno put forward a discursive method of negation with continuous negation as the core; Marcuse combined the ideas of Heidegger, Hegel, Freud and Marx to make a powerful critique of contemporary capitalist society and Soviet Marxism; Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to put forward new categories such as >social character<. Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to propose new categories such as >social character< and tried to reveal the micro mechanisms of the interaction between the economic base and the superstructure; Habermas, based on the critical absorption of historical materialism, used the explanatory framework of his interaction theory to put forward the theory of the interaction between subjects as the basic driving force of social development. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - A Study of Marx's Influence on Fromm's Social Character Theory [马克思对弗洛姆社会性格理论的影响研究], Master thesis, Psychology, Marxist Philosophy, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2021. N2 - The theory of social character is a creative theory that Fromm combines Marx’s social thought and consciousness view on the basis of Freud’s theory of character. Fromm regards Marx as a person of world historical significance. Although Freud sees personal psychological factors, he neglects the influence of social environment on human personality, which limits his vision. Marx thinks far more deeply and more than Freud. He examines human behavior from the social and economic structure, but the irrational factors were ignored, so Fromm tried to >melt the two into one furnace<. Meanwhile, the misreading and Misreading of Marx thought by >pseudo Marxism< made Fromm spend a lot of energy on studying and thinking about Marxism, not only criticizing it, but also expounding his understanding of Marxism. The author proposes the theory of social character to make up for the deficiency of Marx in the micro psychological level and the concrete transformation mechanism between economic foundation and superstructure. The concept of >social character< clearly reflects the traces of Marxist thought. Under the influence of Marx’s thought, Fromm examined the character in the relationship between man and the world, insisted that >the main thing of human is social existence<, and modified Freud with Marx ’social tendency, and explained the decisive effect of social economic structure on social character from the root and change of social character.– At the same time, we also noticed the role of >bond< and >explosive mortar< of social character, so as to explain the relative independence of social character. Not only that, Fromm also explored the foundation and premise of social character, namely, social unconsciousness. He put unconsciousness in the concrete world of reality for understanding, insisted that >consciousness is the product of society< and modified Freud’s >libido< with Marx’s >historical power<. He not only expounded the decisive role of social existence on social unconsciousness, but also saw the negative effect of social unconsciousness on social existence, and tried to make people realize the repression of facts, and seek the way of social change to break this repression.– Fromm’s theory of social character is influenced by Marx’s thought. Although he always bases on the people in the real society and examines the human character in social history, he still regards Marx thought as spiritual existentialism in essence, and the theoretical focus is on the role of social character on human behavior and thinking, and does not really understand Marxism, not only does the understanding of human nature stay in the abstract theory of human nature, but also does not touch the fundamental contradiction of capitalist society, and it is not realistic with a strong utopian color. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Jie A1 - Li, Chunlin T1 - Fromm’s Escape from Freedom Theory [论弗洛姆的逃避自由思想] JF - Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University [哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报ersity], No. 5 (2023), pp. 1-6. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Fromm analyzed the spiritual predicament of modern people after the two World Wars through the combination of Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis, and pointed out that the spontaneous individualization had to be subject to social conditions, resulting in the gap between positive freedom and negative freedom. In order to escape the burden brought by such negative freedom, people would rather lose their freedom than gain security and survival. In modern society, there is a common psychology of escape from freedom, which presents different forms of expression, and eventually results in totalitarianism and unsound society. Fromm tried to eliminate the ills of modern society by finding a way to realize positive freedom. The escape from freedom emphasized by Fromm is a prominent manifestation of modernity. At present, in the background of modernization and globalization, through the critical thinking of Fromm’s thought of escape from freedom, it is still enlightening and useful for the development of Chinese modernization to pursue and surpass this kind of modernity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Huinan T1 - 論禪宗公案中的矛盾與不可說 [On the Contradiction and the Unspeakable in Zen Koans] JF - 國立臺灣大學哲學論評 [National Taiwan University Philosophy Review], Vol. 9 (1986), pp. 139-153. N2 - There are three types of Ch’an kung-an that often bewilder Buddhologists; namely, (1) the contradictory, (2) the inexpressible, and (3) mixture of the two. D. T. Suzuki and the scholars influenced by him, for example, E. Fromm, think that these three types of kung-an imply the truth realized by Ch’an masters, the truth which goes beyond daily language and logic. However, as the author points out, there are two traditions in Ch’an School: (1) the >Buddha-nature< tradition based on the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra, and (2) the prajna tradition based on the Diamond Sūtra. Suzuki and Fromm’s interpretation only emphasizes the first tradition and ignores the second one. According to the second tradition, the contradiction and inexpressibility of kung-an may seem to indicate the truth of non-existence-śūnyatā, not necessarily indicating the truly existing >Buddha-nature<. Y1 - 1986 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yerushalmi, Hanoch T1 - On the strengthening and enlivening influence of being with patients and supervisees JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 2, 2022), pp. 118-128. N2 - Analytic writers have studied existential anxiety or annihilation anxiety, emanating from traumatic disruptions to people’s sense of going-on-being, reminders of their finitude, and facing a chaotic reality, and suggested that they can endure this anxiety by being with and living through it together with another person. The literature suggests that to be with patients who experience such anxiety, therapists need to indulge >narcissistically< in their own memories and fantasies of similar experiences, and, in parallel to the patients, enter transient regressive states. Sometimes, however, therapists are faced with a chaotic analytic reality that arouses existential anxiety in themselves, and seek to share it with their supervisors who, by experiencing parallel regressive states, can identify with their supervisees and grasp their experiences. Supervisors who consistently fail to be with their supervisees at such moments and persist in offering them new constructions of therapeutic materials might strengthen the supervisees’ defensive operations and disrupt their development as therapists. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yerushalmi, Hanoch T1 - Supervisees’ professional development and the analytic community JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 1, 2022), pp. 024-033. N2 - Children construct their inner worlds by internalizing real and imagined aspects of their parental figures and their families as whole objects with their relational configurations. These familial configurations are often evoked in the context of communities that, similarly to families, struggle to preserve and advance their unity and collective values, interests, and symbols. Supervisees acknowledge their internalized familial relational configurations when they explore their countertransferences and their transferential responses to the analytic community. Understanding these transferences in supervision may facilitate the process of assimilating the analytic community into supervisees’ professional selves. Moreover, the supervisors represent and mediate both the community’s balanced and flexible relational therapeutic positions and its complexities. These positions might provide the supervisees with new group-object experiences and change their defensively organized rigid familial relational configurations, thereby further integrating the supervisees’ professional selves as well as strengthening the analytic community. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yeoman, Ruth T1 - Meaningfulness and organising for sustainable futures JF - Journal Psychologie des Alltagshandelns / Psychology of Everyday Activity, Vol. 16 (No. 1, 2023), pp. 45-53. N2 - To maintain complex civilisation within planetary boundaries, we must secure a whole >system of systems< transformation of our activities. In this article, based on the lecture notes for my keynote speech at the International Conference on Critical and Radical Humanist Work and Organizational Psychology, I explore the ethical dimensions of making organisations that can help us improve our collective decision-making and at the same time become persons whose acting and being is consistent with the sustainability imperative. I outline a human capability for ethical organising which is directed towards making organisations that generate life-value, or those resources by which we cultivate the relational and material conditions for stewarding and sustaining all living beings and things. The >value of meaningfulness< and >mutuality as an organising principle< afford conversion factors for translating our general >will to form< into a human capability for ethically desirable organising. Meaningful work provides action contexts for people to discover, protect and develop values that matter to them. The moral value of meaningfulness is also productive for breaking into vicious cycles of corporate alienation that prevent the emergence of organisations as collective moral agents, characterised by integrity and empathy. I conclude that we need a fresh democratic dispensation – one that covers our associational life across all fields of endeavour. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yao, Ruonan T1 - Fromm’s Inheritance and Development of Marx’s Freedom Thought, Master thesis, Philosophy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China 2022. N2 - From ancient times to the present, the issue of freedom has always been a hot issue of people’s attention. People’s yearning and pursuit of freedom is an inexhaustible driving force for the progress of human society. In the twentieth century, people found that the development of industry and technology did not bring true freedom and happiness, but made people’s hearts more lonely and spiritually empty, and gradually fell into the contradiction of pursuing freedom and escaping from freedom. Fromm saw the suffering of people. He approached from a microscopic psychological point of view, inheriting and further developing Marx’s free thought on the basis of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. First, Fromm’s inheritance of Marx’s idea of freedom includes: First, both men have taken the actual individual as the subject of freedom, and have set achievable goals of freedom. Second, both men applied the method of integrating theory with practice and unifying history and logic to study the question of freedom. Third, Fromm’s free thought embodies a strong critical and humanitarian spirit, which is consistent with the inner spirit of Marx’s free thought. Secondly, Fromm’s development of Marx’s free ideas includes: First, Marx tried to achieve the free liberation of man through social revolution, while Fromm wanted to achieve the free development of man through psychological revolution. Second, Marx’s theory of labor alienation strongly criticized capitalist society; Fromm put forward a new theory of alienation, which examined the unfree phenomena of capitalist society from a psychological point of view, and usefully supplemented Marx’s free thought. Third, Marx put forward a beautiful vision of the future society, advocating the establishment of a communist society to achieve the free and all-round development of people; Fromm envisioned the establishment of a sound society through political, economic and cultural reforms, which is a supplement to the future free development model of mankind. Fourth, Fromm’s focus on the analysis of human freedom from a personal, microscopic and psychological perspective is an innovation in the perspective of the study of freedom issues. Finally, reflection and evaluation: First, it is pointed out that the defects of Fromm’s inheritance and development of Marx’s free thought, the exaggerated role of psychological factors, the lack of a thorough path to solve the problem, and the unrealistic method of seeking positive freedom. Second, analyze the contemporary values and practical enlightenment of Fromm’s inheritance and development of Marx’s free thought. It provides a new direction for people to pursue freedom and a new perspective for the analysis and solution of social problems; it is necessary to attach importance to the issue of human freedom and development, attach importance to the coordination of the relationship between science and technology and humanities, and pay attention to strengthening the construction of social spiritual civilization. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Yiqiong T1 - On the Female Images in >Them< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Theory, Master thesis, World Literature, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Joyce Carol Oates (1938 –), one of the most prominent and influential writers in contemporary American literature, is distinguished for her prolificacy in a variety of styles and genres. Oates’s works are unique in exposing the violence and evil in American society. Her works give readers a whole picture of American society, which vividly and graphically reflects the real life from all social backgrounds and presents the reality that lies beneath the surface of American prosperous society. >Them<, published in 1969, is one of Oates’s most important and representative works. The story, spanning almost three decades, presented the real life of the three Wendalls and a panoramic view of American society, which mirrored the living conditions and miserable fate of the lower class. Under the theoretical guidance of Fromm’s theory of social character, the thesis adopts the research method of close reading and makes a profound discussion on the female images in >Them< based on the impact of social reality and family interpersonal relationship on people’s psychology.– The thesis selects three typical female characters in >Them< – Loretta, her daughter Maureen and Nadine as representatives, and analyzes the formation and the expression of their personalities, so as to reveal how female images are distorted in the patriarchal society. Oates portrays the misfortunes and sufferings of women’s lives in the novel. These women, who explore the way of living, are brave enough to resist and break through the shackles of fate. However, they finally lose their self-consciousness under the trouble of social environment and the imbalance of family interpersonal relationship. The three female characters in Oates’s >Them< seek freedom through marriage and money. While they have female consciousness and rebellious spirit, they are always surrounded by violence and male discourse. Therefore, no matter what efforts they make, none of them can get rid of the shackles of patriarchal society. They are doomed to failure. Through the portrayal of women’s living conditions, it arouses readers’ attention and sympathy to women, which reflects Oates’s deep thinking of contemporary women’s issues and the fate of humanity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zhaoxin T1 - On the Theory of Needs by William Leiss, Master thesis, Philosophy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2022. N2 - In the process of the continuous development of capitalism, the ecological crisis and a series of environmental problems have been caused by the incorrect understanding of the relationship between man and nature. In this context, William Leiss, who has long been concerned about ecological issues, criticized the capitalist society on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxism’s theory of need and Herbert Marcuse’s theory of >True or false need<, with a new perspective to explain the needs of the capitalist system of human needs, the formation of their own ideological characteristics of the needs of the theory. Specifically, William Leiss is mainly concerned with the complexity of human desires, which is an important reason for the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the need to be oriented toward the commodity world, which is the root cause of the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the thought of human conquering nature is the important foundation of the formation of the capitalist high-consumption society. On this basis, Leiss pays attention to the quality of commodities, pays attention to the multi-dimension and relevance of human needs, and understands the close relationship between human needs and natural environment, familiar with the estimated characteristics of commodities in four aspects of the future human needs to express and meet the concept, and the future human needs to express and meet the way to explore, namely the following four aspects, advocating a general orientation of human needs towards a non-single field of goods, and an open minded self-interest to replace anthropocentrism ideology in an easily viable society, it is suggested that natural entities have the same legal rights as human beings. William Leiss’s theory of needs, while providing a new perspective on the mode of production of capitalism, enriches ecological Marxism and provides a useful reference for the establishment of a correct concept of consumption, but there is also a certain degree of misunderstanding of Marxism’s concept of goods, the lack of a certain global vision, its proposed solution is utopian. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yang T1 - Freud: In Search of Human Nature [弗洛伊德:探寻人性] JF - Comprehensive Reading for Students, No. 12 (2007), pp. 56-57. N2 - 心理学家弗洛姆曾经说:>先知 … 他是一位揭示那已被预先决定了的未来的预言者吗?他是一个坏消息而不是好消息或愉快消息的传播者吗?<在他的心里,他的老师、精神分析的鼻祖弗洛伊德就是这样一位先知。 N2 - The theoretician Fromm once said, >Is the prophet ... a prophet who reveals the future that has been predetermined? Is he a purveyor of bad news rather than good or pleasant news?< In his mind, his teacher, Freud, the originator of psychoanalysis, was such a prophet. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yi, Hyun Oak A1 - Kim, Man Eui T1 - 인간의 공격성과 스포츠 [Sport and Human Aggression] JF - 학술지명 [The Korean Journal of Physical Education], Vol. 41, No. 4 (2002), pp. 43-52. [Online ISSN 2508-7029] N2 - This study is to suggest the aggression, human`s instinct as the new essence of sport. Through the psychological approach it could be found that the aggression which is human instinct is deeply related with the origin of sport. In relation to the instinct of death Freud has proved that there exists the aggression in human mentality and it could be said that the aggression of sport is related with Thanatos, the instinct of death that Freud said. Fromm, a sociopsychologist expanded the concept of Freud`s aggression and divided the aggression in human mentality as the defensive and positive aggression and destructive and malignant aggression and he saw that sport is related with the malignant aggression. I think we have to discard the attitude just to try to adapt the methodical value of sport although the value of sport exists with human instinct. Sport is the only thing to express and purify the aggression and it is expected to play the important role to create the future culture. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - York, Emma Dane T1 - Disorder: Contemporary Fascism and the Crisis in Mental Health, Master of Arts, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, Political Studies, Department of Political Studies, University of, Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada 2018, 56 + 3 pp. [hdl.handle.net/10388/11199] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yildirim, Sait T1 - Türkiye'de son on yılda işlenen kadın cinayetleri üzerine: sebep, sonuç ve öneriler [Femicides in Turkey in Last Ten Years: Cause, Consequences and Suggestions] JF - Mecmua - Uluslararası sosyal bilimler dergisi, Vol. 3, No. 6 (2018), pp. 1-21. [Online ISSN 2587-1811] [doi.org/10.32579/mecmua.448868] N2 - Kadın cinayetleri Türkiye’de önemli bir toplumsal sorun olarak varlığını korumaktadır. Cinayetlerin temelinde şiddet ve saldırganlık eğilimlerinin etkisi görülmektedir. Bu sebeple şiddetin psikolojik boyutu cinayet eylemlerinde belirleyici olmaktadır. Saldırganlık eğilimi birikerek bir şekilde gelişerek cinayet eylemlerine dönüşmektedir. Kadın cinayetleri incelenirken öncelikle bireyde mevcut bulunan saldırgan davranışların ele alınması gerekmektedir. Çalışmada şiddet ve saldırganlık eğilimlerinin bireysel anlamda psikolojik temelleri üzerine teorik çalışmalara değinilmektedir. Erich Fromm ve Sigmund Freud’un saldırganlık tipolojileri kuramsal açıdan dikkate değer görülmektedir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak vaka çalışması tercih edilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’de son on yılda işlenen kadın cinayetleri ele alınmaktadır. Toplamda 2380 kadın cinayetinden 1260 vaka incelenmektedir. İncelenen vakalarda sağlıklı sonuçlar elde edilmesi bakımından nicelik, nitelik, işleniş biçimi ve sebepleri bakımından aydınlatılmış olması temel referans noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Cinayet eylemlerinde failin özellikleri, öldürme biçimi, sebebi, katil ve maktul ilişkisi dikkate alınmaktadır. Kadınların, en sık vakit geçirdiği kişiler tarafından öldürüldü gözlenmektedir. Cinayet işleme biçiminde ateşli silahlar yoğun olarak kullanılmaktadır. Cinayetlerde erkeğin özgürlük alanının daralması ve erkeğin kadın üzerindeki hâkimiyetinin ortadan kalkması önemli sebepleri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada cinayet sebepleri üzerinden ortak odak noktaları tespit edilerek çözüm önerileri sunulmaktadır. Kadına yönelik cinayet eylemlerinde bireysel silahlanma ve uzun vadede cinayeti önleyici politikalar üzerine yoğunlaşılmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı işlenen kadın cinayetleri üzerinden vaka çalışması yaparak teorik çalışmalar ışığında bir takım çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. N2 - Women murders have continued to be a significant social problem in Turkey. Effects of tendencies of violence and aggression are seen in the basis of these murders. For this reason, psychological dimension of violence is determinant in murders. Aggression tendency transforms into murder by developing cumulatively. Current aggressive behaviours in the individual must primarily be discussed while women murders are studied. Theoretical studies on individual psychological basis of violence and aggression tendencies are mentioned in this study. Aggression typologies of Erich Fromm and Sigmund Freud are considered theoretically significant. In this study case study method is preferred. Women murders committed in Turkey in last ten years are researched as part of the study. 1260 cases of total 2380 women murders are researched. In addition to get reliable information in researched cases, basic reference point is eventuation of the cases in terms of quantity, quality, murder type and reasons. Characteristics of perpetrator, way of killing, reason and relation between murderer and victim should be considered. It is observed that women are generally killed by people who they usually spend time together. Firearms are intensively used in murders. Restriction of men from freedom and men’s losing authority over women are significant factors in murders. In this study solution offers are presented by determining common points over the reasons of murders. It is tried to be focused on individual armament and long term murder preventive policies in murders towards women. The purpose of the study is to propose solutions in the light of theoretical studies by making case study over committed women murders. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yogiswari, Krisna Suksma T1 - Konsep Ketuhanan dalam Filsafat Erich Fromm (1900-1980) [The Concept of God in Philosophy Erich Fromm (1900 – 1980)] JF - Sanjiwani – Jurnal Filsafat, Vol. 12, No. 1 (2021), pp. 13-27. [doi.org/10.25078/sjf.v12i1.2104] N2 - Gejolak konsep Ketuhanan sepanjang perjalanan kehidupan manusia senatiasa terjadi. Erich Fromm (1900-1980) yang merupakan seorang psikoanalis Mazhab Frankfurt, dalam karya-karyanya secara tersirat telah mencirikan suatu konsep yang dinamakannya sendiri sebagai ‘Mistisisme Non-Teistik’ sebagai suatu bentuk spiritualitas yang humanis dan mengatasi keterpisahan manusia yang dalam istilah Fromm disebut >well being< sebagai konsekuensi eksitensinya, yang akhirnya dapat mengatasi dilema kemanusiaan dan keberagaman. Kajian ini merupakan sebuah upaya untuk menguraikan pemahaman Ketuhann dalam perspektif Erich Fromm, serta relasi Tuhan dan manusia. N2 - Fluctuations in the concept of God throughout the course of human life always occur. Erich Fromm (1900-1980) who was a psychoanalyst of the Frankfurt School, in his works implicitly characterized a concept he called himself >Non-Theistic Mysticism< as a form of humanist spirituality and overcame human separateness, in terms of Fromm called >well being< as a consequence of its existence, which can finally overcome the human dilemma and diversity. This study is an attempt to outline the understanding of God in the perspective of Erich Fromm, as well as God's and human relations. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yildirin, Dilanur T1 - Erich Fromm – >Özgürlükten Kaçış< Çerçevesinde >Özgürlük< Kavramı [Erich Fromm – The Concept of >Freedom< in the Framework of >Escape from Freedom<] JF - Toplumsal Degisim, No. 3 (2021), pp. 134-136. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yu, Hanhan T1 - Research on Human-Computer Interaction Design of Shared Bicycle Based on Fromm’s Psychology Theory, Master thesis, Highway and Waterway Transportation, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin, China 2019. N2 - In today’s society, sharing bicycle has rapidly penetrated into people’s social life and become a new way of travel because it solves the problem of >the last kilometer< for people to travel. With the share bicycle industry entering the second half of the competition, the industrial focus has returned from capital invest¬ment to product design. How to form a more user-friendly sharing bicycle interaction system and enhance user experience has become an important issue affecting the development of the share bicycle industry. At present, the research on shared bicycle human-computer interaction system is still in its infancy, mainly through regular user interviews and questionnaires. However, in traditional research, users can only describe their problems in the process of interaction sensitively, and may not be able to realize and express their deep needs. Therefore, it is very important to tap the deep needs of users in the interaction process and improve the user experience purposefully.– There are three main innovations in this paper: 1. Using innovative theoretical research methods, intro¬du¬cing psychological theory into design analysis, and based on Fromm psychology, we can get the charac¬teristic emotions of shared psychology. 2. Introducing emotional reporting method into experience evalu¬ation, and carrying out emotional quantification experiments based on the characteristic emotions of Fromm psychology. The experimental data analysis can accurately extract users’ deep interaction needs under the shared psychology. 3. Based on the deep interaction needs, the optimization design practice is finally com¬pleted. In the research process, based on the current research status of shared bicycle in academia, this study uses user interviews and other research methods to conduct in depth analysis and summary of the current shared bicycle interaction system; extracts characteristic emotions based on Fromm’s psychological theory, builds a reasonable emotional quantification experimental scheme and carries out experiments, processes and analyses the experimental data, and concludes that users are in common. In order to meet the deep demand of sharing bicycle interactive experience, the optimization design practice of new sharing bicycle interactive system is completed. The main achievements of this research include: under the gui¬dance of Fromm’s psychology theory, a method of extracting the require¬ments of shared bicycle human-computer interaction system design based on emotional quantification is proposed, and a new human-computer interaction experience model is established; a new process of deep demand mining for human-computer interaction system under shared psychology is formed; and the existing shared bicycle human-computer interaction interface is optimized. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yong, An T1 - What Authority Should You Obey? [你该服从怎样的权威?] JF - Comprehensive Reading for Students, No. 33 (2009), pp.:10-11. N2 - 权威的存在和对权威的服从是人类生活的普遍事实。但人们该服从什么样的权威?20世纪最著名的思想家之一、犹太哲人弗洛姆在其著作《超越幻象之锁链》中回忆了影响他的三个事件:第一个事件是,他的一个朋友在她父亲死后自杀了,并且要求和她父亲一起安葬。他非常不解,为什么会这样?人类的行为背后有什么样的心理奥秘?为什么这些奇怪的行为得以发生? N2 - The existence of authority and obedience to it is a universal fact of human life. But what kind of authority should people submit to? In his book >Beyond the Chains of Illusion<, one of the most famous thinkers of the 20th century, the Jewish philosopher Fromm recalls three events that affected him: The first was when a friend of his committed suicide after the death of her father and asked to be buried with him. He was puzzled as to why this would happen. What are the psychological mysteries behind human behavior? Why do these strange behaviors happen? [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yoshino, Koji T1 - Inseparability of Self-Love and Altruistic Love: P. A. Sorokin and E. Fromm JF - Human Arenas – An Interdisciplinary Journal of Psychology, Culture, and Meaning, Vol. 3, No. 1 (2020), pp. 38-51. [Print ISSN 2522-5790] [doi.org/10.1007/s42087-019-00093-7] N2 - This paper sets out to examine in a comparative framework Pitirim A. Sorokin and Erich Fromm's conceptions of love. The core argument is s in the complementarity between self-love and altruistic love. In conclude, altruistic love and self-love are not contradictory to each other. Those who don't love themselves cannot love others, nevertheless, those who ignore others cannot love themselves. What I try to show in this thesis is to clarify this fact. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yoshino, Koji T1 - Inseparability of Self-Love and Altruistic Love: P. A. Sorokin and E. Fromm JF - Human Arenas, Vol. 3 (2020), pp. 38–51. [Online ISSN 2522-5804] [doi.org/10.1007/s42087-019-00093-7] N2 - This paper sets out to examine in a comparative framework Pitirim A. Sorokin and Erich Fromm's conceptions of love. The core argument is s in the complementarity between self-love and altruistic love. In conclude, altruistic love and self-love are not contradictory to each other. Those who don't love themselves cannot love others, nevertheless, those who ignore others cannot love themselves. What I try to show in this thesis is to clarify this fact. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zábranská, Marie T1 - Frommovo pojetí člověka a psychoanalýza [Fromm´s Conception of Human and Psychoanalysis, Bachelor thesis, Philosophy, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Poland 2013, 57 pp. N2 - The topic of the present bachelor thesis is Erich Fromm and his specific concept of a human being and psychoanalysis. In his works, this famous psychologist was able to explain the position of a human being in the society, their needs and problems linked to their own existence. The introductory chapter summarizes fundamental facts about Fromm’s life and mentions several important personalities who influenced his thinking. The following chapters focus on the main issues of Fromm’s concept of a human being, especially their place in the environment, their relationship with the surrounding world, life philosophy and the issue of personal freedom. It deals in detail with the issues of love, aggression, freedom and the >To Be and to Have< life philosophy. Another issue this thesis deals with is Fromm’s approach to psychoanalysis and religion. The concluding chapter contains the fact about the founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud and a comparison of the individual concepts of a human being as formulated by Freud and Fromm respectively. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zaborowski, Holger T1 - Haben oder Sein? Erich Fromms Humanismus als Vorbild und Anregung für die Gegenwart JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 27 / 2023, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 069-079. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 31 Y1 - 2023 VL - d27/2023f ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zabel, Kristin T1 - Georg Simmels >Der Begriff und die Tragödie der Kultur< und Erich Fromms >Haben oder Sein<. Minimalismus und die Do-it-yourself-Bewegung als Ausdruck der Seins-Orientierung, Studienarbeit, Fachbereich Philosophie – Philosophie des 19. Jahrhunderts, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg), Grin Verlag, 2013, 18 pp. N2 - Gerade in der heutigen Zeit hat durch die große Menge an Kulturangeboten sowie deren weite Verbreitung und Zugänglichkeit über das Internet der Mensch unzählige Inspirationen und Möglichkeiten zur Selbstentfaltung. Jedoch beobachtet Simmel, dass der moderne Kulturmensch all dieses nur noch im Modus des Konsumierens wahrnimmt und gar nicht mehr selbst schöpferisch tätig wird. Er ist von der unüberschaubaren Vielzahl, Komplexität und Grenzenlosigkeit der Objekte überfordert sowie durch Technisierung und Arbeitsteilung von den Dingen entfremdet, sodass eine seelische Entwicklung gar nicht mehr möglich ist. Obgleich die Kulturgüter dem Subjekt bei seiner Entfaltung dienen sollen, verunmöglicht ihre Übermacht gerade dieses – was Simmel als die Tragödie der Kultur bezeichnet. Gleichzeitig betont er, dass diese unvermeidlich sei. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob es tatsächlich keinen Ausweg aus dieser Tragödie gibt. Was kann der moderne Mensch tun, damit in der heutigen Überflussgesellschaft die Seele nicht verkümmert? Eine Antwort ergibt sich möglicherweise aus Erich Fromms Konzept der zwei Existenzweisen von Haben und Sein, welches er in seinem Werk >Haben oder Sein< beschrieben hat. Der Charakter des modernen Kulturmenschen ist demnach überwiegend geprägt von der Existenzweise des Habens – mit allen sich daraus ergebenden Problemen. Es wird für diese Hausarbeit thesenhaft angenommen, dass die Tragödie der Kultur eben auf jener dominierenden Existenzweise des Habens beruht und eine Lösung des Konfliktes möglich ist, wenn der Mensch von der Existenzweise des Habens zur Existenzweise des Seins wechselt. Dabei zeigen jüngste Trends wie der Minimalismus oder die Do-it-yourself-Bewegung, dass ein Umdenken in einigen Teilen der Gesellschaft bereits stattfindet und der Mensch versucht, durch eingeschränkten Konsum und Reduzierung der Objekte auf das Wesentliche wieder zu jener Freiheit zu finden, die es ihm möglich macht, selbst tätig zu werden und in eine von Lebendigkeit geprägte, schöpferische Beziehung zu den Dingen zu treten, die die Seele wieder berühren und die Persönlichkeit sowie Individualität entwickeln. In dieser Arbeit soll jener Zusammenhang näher dargestellt werden. [Eurobuch.com] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ju, Qi T1 - Research on the Predicament of Network Social Communication from the Perspective of >Escape from Freedom< [逃避自由”视角下网络社会交往困境研究] JF - JinGu Creative Literature [今古文创], No. 33 (2022), pp. 123-125. N2 - 随着互联网的不断发展,人类的交往形式日益趋向网络化。然而网络社会交往在给现代人进行社交提供便捷之际,也在一定程度上不可避免地带来交往难题。通过对网络社会交往困境表现分析的基础上,用弗洛姆的“逃避自由”思想来剖析网络社会交往困境的生成机制,并根据弗洛姆、马克思关于自由实现的理论探索走出网络社会交往困境的路径,力求对现代人走出网络社交困境以启迪。 N2 - With the continuous development of the Internet, human interaction has become increasingly networked. However, while it is convenient for modern people to socialize, it also inevitably brings about communication difficulties to a certain extent. Based on the analysis of the manifestation of social interaction dilemma, we analyze the mechanism of social interaction dilemma by using Fromm's idea of >escape from freedom<, and explore the path to get out of social interaction dilemma according to Fromm's and Marx's theories on the realization of freedom, in order to enlighten modern people to get out of social interaction dilemma online. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zakai, Avihu T1 - Introduction JF - Jewish Exiles’ Psychological Interpretations of Nazism, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2020, pp. 1-9. [Online ISBN978-3-030-54070-8] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54070-8_1] N2 - >Jewish Exiles’ Psychological Interpretations of Nazism< examines works of four German-Jewish scholars who, in their places of exile, sought to probe the pathology of the Nazi mind: Wilhelm Reich’s >The Mass Psychology of Fascism< (1933), Erich Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< (1941), Siegfried Kracauer’s >From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of the German Film< (1947), and Erich Neumann’s >Depth Psychology and a New Ethic< (1949). While scholars have examined these authors’ individual legacies, no comparative analysis of their shared concerns has yet been undertaken, nor have the content and form of their psychological inquiry into Nazism been seriously and systematically analyzed. Yet, the sense of urgency in their works calls for attention. They all took up their pens to counter Nazi barbarism, believing, like the English jurist and Judge Sir William Blackstone, that >scribere est agree< (to write is to act). Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zakai, Avihu T1 - Wilhelm Reich and the Sexual Roots of Fascism JF - Jewish Exiles’ Psychological Interpretations of Nazism, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2020, pp. 11-48. [Online ISBN978-3-030-54070-8] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54070-8_2] N2 - >The Mass Psychology of Fascism< (1933) was the first psychological inquiry into Fascism. In this work the psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich (1897–1957) explores how Fascists came into power, and explain their rise as a symptom of sexual repression. It was followed by other psychological interpretations of Nazism by Jewish exiles from the Third Reich, from Erich Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< (1942), to Siegfried Kracauer’s >From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of the German Film< (1947), and Erich Neumann’s >Depth Psychology and a New Ethic< (1949). Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zakai, Avihu T1 - A Psychological Inquiry into Totalitarianism: Erich Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< JF - Jewish Exiles’ Psychological Interpretations of Nazism. Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2020, pp 147-154. [Online ISBN 978-3-030-54070-8] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54070-8_3] N2 - Erich Fromm was a German social psychologist and psychoanalyst who was associated with the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory. He was known for developing the concept that freedom was a fundamental part of human nature and for challenging the theories of Sigmund Freud. In his works he presented the view that understanding of basic human needs is essential to the understanding of society and mankind. In >Escape from Freedom< Fromm explores humanity’s shifting relationship with freedom, with particular regard to the personal consequences of its absence. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zakai, Avihu T1 - Jewish Exiles’ Psychological Interpretations of Nazism T2 - Jewish Exiles’ Psychological Interpretations of Nazism, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2020, 176 pp. [eBook ISBN 978-3-030-54070-8] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54070-8] N2 - Examines works of four German-Jewish scholars who, in their exile, sought to probe the pathology of the Nazi mind.– Provides an introduction, a biographical sketch, a historical discussion of the development of each individual’s thought, and an explication of each of the four major works.– Includes discussions of Wilhelm Reich, Erich Fromm, Siegfried Kracauer, and Erich Neumann. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zawalska, Izabela T1 - Genderowa podmiotowość bohatera-mężczyzny w rosyjskiej kobiecej fantasy [Су бъективность гендер героя‑муж чины в русской женской фэнтези] [Gender Subjectivity of the Male Characters in Russian Women's Fantasy Novels] JF - Rusycystyczne Studia Literaturoznawcze, Vol. 21 (2011), pp. 88-101. N2 - Настоящая статья является попыткой прочтения русской фэнтези авторов женщинписательниц Елены Хаецкой и Марии Семёновой, с точки зрения гендерных исследований. Автор статьи находит в мироощущении и субъективности героев черты матриархальной (в романе Семёновой Волкодав) и патриархальной (в цикле новелл Е. Хаецкой, под общим названием Мракобес) структур. В том, как герой реагирует на окружающиймир, происходящие события и женщину, воплощается его субъективность, отражающаяэти системы общественных отношений. Автор статьи показывает тоже, как образ женщины меняется под влиянием точки зрения героев‑мужчин(в зависимости от того, какойтип общественных отношений они представляют собой): от богини по проститутку, отпочитания по страх перед ее натуральностью и телесностью.Главные слова: гендер, герой фэнтези, женская фэнтези, патриархальное/матриархальноемироощущение. N2 - The article in question is an attempt to read Russian fantasy genre by female authors Jelena Chajecka and Maria Siemionowa from the perspective of gender studies. What the author of the article discovers in the worldviews and subjectivities of the analysed novel’s main characters, is the features of matriarchal (in the novel by Siemionowa Волкодав) and patriarchal (in the series of novels by Chajecka entitled Мракобес) structures. In the male character’s reactions to the surrounding world, its events, and a woman, his subjectivity, being a reflection of the above-mentioned social relations, is effectuated. The author also shows the picture of woman dynamically changing under masculine the male character’s interpretation: form a goddess to a prostitute, from reverence to fear of her of her naturalness and corporeality. Key words: gender, fantasy hero, female fantasy, patriarchal/matriarchal outlook. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zepf, Siegfried A1 - Seel, Dietmar T1 - Psychoanalysis and political economy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 1, 2022), pp. 003-011. N2 - The authors examine the influence that psychoanalysts’ economic situation has on the current state of psychoanalysis, particularly focusing on the situation in Germany and employing a perspective afforded by Marxian commodity analysis. Their analysis brings them to conclude that, in psychoanalysis, the suspension of truth value, the tolerance shown towards contradictory concepts, the lack of conceptual criticism, and the exclusion of sociocritical issues seem to be effects of psychoanalysts’ interest in realizing the exchange value of their psychoanalytic treatment and their accompanying lesser interest towards its use value. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zawadska, Joanna T1 - Postawy być czy mieć – rozwój czy upadek współczesnego człowieka [Attitudes to Be or to Have – Development or Decline Modern Man] JF - Kwartalnik naukowy, Vol 2, No. 22 (2015), pp. 140-146. [ISSN 2082-7067] N2 - Wielcy myśliciele XX w. spostrzegają człowieka jako pewnego rodzaju >wybryk natury<, który wyłonił się nagle ze świata zwierzęcego, aby zaraz utracić większość swojego instynktu charakterystycznego dla zachowań zwierząt (za: Fromm, 1995). Wobec tego człowiek stał się bezradnym i bezbronnym łupem w walce o przetrwanie w świecie zwierząt. Jednak zostało w nim coś, co go odróżniało od jego >pobratymców<. Tę pozostałość stanowią zdolność myślenia, wyobraźnia i samoświadomość, które to pomogły człowiekowi przekształcić całą otaczającą go przyrodę i zmienić siebie. N2 - The great thinkers of the twentieth century perceive man as a kind of >freak of nature< who suddenly emerged from the animal world, only to lose most of his instinct characteristic of animal behavior (after: Fromm, 1995). Therefore, man has become a helpless and defenseless prey in the struggle for survival in the animal world. However, there was something left in him that distinguished him from his >brothers<. This remnant is the ability to think, imagination and self-awareness, which helped man transform all nature around him and change himself. [Google translator, 12/2022] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zakharov, Alexandr Dimitrievich T1 - Этико-психологическая теория Эриха Фромма как инструмент социальнои трансформации [Ethical-Psychological Theory of Erich Fromm as a Tool of Social Transformation] JF - Философская мысль [Philosophical Thought], No. 11 (2022), pp. 12-21. [ISSN 2409-8728] N2 - Социальная трансформация – актуальная в текущих философских и общественных реалиях концепция, которая получила проблематизацию и начала рассматриваться вместе с появлением и развитием социальной философии несколько веков назад. Особенный вклад в этот вопрос был внесен в рамках улучшения качества знаний о человеке с развитием психологии как науки и методологии, в частности – психоанализа и неофрейдизма. Данная статья посвящена вопросу этической трансформации общества на примере радикального гуманистического психоанализа Эриха Фромма – неофрейдистской концепции, которая требует уточнения и пояснения несмотря на обилие материала по теме. В качестве методов исследования были использованы качественный анализ первичных эмпирических данных, обработка вторичных эмпирических данных, анализ различных взглядов по выбранной теме. В настоящей статье проводится рассмотрение основных понятий гуманистического психоанализа Фромма в рамках изучаемого вопроса, а также оценка концептуальной применимости его теории к вопросу социальной трансформации. В процессе исследования автор приходит к выводу, что теоретические построения Эриха Фромма изучаются недостаточно скрупулезно, содержат уникальную идиографическую точку зрения на процесс социальной трансформации, обладают практической применимостью для широкого круга пользователей предлагаемой информации – философов, психологов, социологов, историков, религиоведов. N2 - Social transformation is an up-to-date concept in current philosophical and social circumstances being considered with problematization and the creation and development of social philosophy several centuries ago. A specific contribution to this problem was made within the framework of improving the quality of human knowledge with the development of psychology as a science and methodology, psychoanalysis and neo–Freudianism in particular. This article is devoted to the problem of society’s ethical transformation using the example of Erich Fromm's radical humanistic psychoanalysis – a neo-Freudian concept that requires clarification and explanation despite the abundance of content covering the topic. Qualitative analysis of primary empirical data, processing of secondary empirical data, analysis of various views on the chosen topic were used as research methods. This article examines the basic concepts of Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis within the framework of the issue under study, as well as an assessment of the conceptual applicability of his theory to the problem of social transformation. In the course of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that the theoretical constructions by Erich Fromm are not studied scrupulously enough, contain a unique idiographic point of view and have practical applicability for a wide range of users of the provided information – philosophers, psychologists, sociologists, historians, religious scholars. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zang, Wenzhe T1 - An Analysis of the Alienation of the Characters in >Women in Love< under Erich Fromm’s Humanistic Psychoanalysis Theory, Master thesis, World Literature, Liaoning University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - >Woman in Love< explores the psychological problems of love with a passion and depth unprecedented in English fiction, and represents the highest achievement of Lawrence’s work. It represents the highest achievement of Lawrence’s work, and thus, along with >The Rainbow<, it became the forerunner of the modern novel. The novel revolves around sheer devastation and renders the inquiry about philosophy, life, love and death from the rushing urge to die over and over again, displaying a profound modernity, searching for eternal values in the essence of life and carnal faith. This thesis uses Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis theory, which includes the theory of human needs, authoritarianism, destructiveness, the productive orientation, man’s alienation and man’s living situation and analyzes alienations of characters in >Women in Love<, causes, and proposes positive ways to face it. This thesis consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. Introduction part includes brief introduction of Lawrence, >Women in Love< and humanistic psychoanalysis theory and literary review of >Women in Love<. The main body of the thesis is divided into three chapters. – The first chapter analyses the alienations of the characters from the psychological description and interactions with others. They no longer pay attention to their own spirit state; appear their destructiveness; alienate themselves and others as objects; lack inner vitality and lose the desire for love and fun of life.– The second chapter analyzes the causes of alienation, including the weakening of humanistic conscience under irrational authority; repression by >social filter<; unbalance of >polarity< connection between the sense of self and that of others), and the gradual erosion of people’s mental state by industrial society.– The third chapter puts forward the possible salvation from human needs. Fromm thinks that alienated people are uncreative people. A truly healthy man is one who loves others, has the sense of identity, develops reason, returns to the nature, and pursues his lifestyle under >the being mode<.– Conclusion part expounds the alienation of characters in >Women in Love<, explores Lawrence’s thinking on human nature through the characteristics of characters in the novel so as to display the artistic charm of >Women in Love< and point out the practical significance of this paper. In addition, this thesis aims to appeal to modern people to understand daily life and to find their own identity and lifestyle by providing a new and meaningful perspective. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Hanxin T1 - Fromm’s Psychological Mechanism of Escape from Freedom and Its Practical Significance [弗洛姆逃避自由的心理机制及其现实意义] JF - Journal of Shangqiu Polytechnic, No. 6 (2022), pp. 5-8, 13. N2 - Fromm is a representative of >Freudian Marxism<. He combined some of Marx’s guidance theories and Freud’s seminars on the spirit level, and analyzed their mental orientation, their current plight, and revealed the profound psychological mechanism of modern man and the nature of the alienation of personality. He proposed a new theory of >escape from freedom< which was totally different from the former one. The only way to truly free yourself is to use love and creative work. His theory of escaping freedom not only provides insight and reflection to the people in the pursuit of real freedom, but also provide some reference for the construction of socialism in China’s new era. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zakai, Avihu T1 - Epilogue JF - Jewish Exiles’ Psychological Interpretations of Nazism, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2020, pp 147-154. [Online ISBN978-3-030-54070-8] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54070-8_6] N2 - Recent decades have witnessed a surge of important studies dealing with intellectuals’ confrontation with fascism and Nazism, and the societal roles that they can play, especially during such “dark times.” This is an area that is close to my study, and it is therefore important to mark the difference between some of these studies and mine in terms of content and form and with regard to the meaning and significance intellectuals assigned to their works. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zaks, V. A. T1 - Э. Фромм. Пути из больного общества [E. Fromm. Ways Out of the Ailing Society] JF - Право и Политика [Law and Politics], No. 7 (2000), pp. 113-116. [ISSN: 2454-0706] Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Qian T1 - Research on Fromm’s >Humanization of Technology< Thought [弗洛姆>技术人道化<思想研究], Master thesis, Philosophy, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2021. N2 - 埃里希?弗洛姆,著名的人本主义哲学家、精神分析学家,其技术人道化思想是人文关怀主义研究的哲学理论之一,他的一生都在为了建立以人的全面发展为中心、技术服务于人类的理想社会环境而奋斗。弗洛姆认为,随着技术的不断发展,现代技术社会中人的发展受到了制约,社会偏离了人道化的发展,是一个异化的、病态的社会,他结合了心理学和社会学两个维度,提出了实现技术社会人道化的具体措施,希望将技术重新置于人的控制之中,营造一个健康的社会环境,最终实现人的全面发展。本文首先从弗洛姆>技术人道化<思想产生的时代背景、形成过程、思想追溯以及理论基础等四个方面入手,力图深入剖析其>技术人道化<思想。其次,对该思想的主要内容进行分析,从人的存在方式的异化现象,得出导致异化现象形成的>病原<,再>对症下药<提出如何摒除>病原<实现技术人道化发展的改革方向。最后,弗洛姆>技术人道化<思想从人性论出发,希望将人们的关注点回归到人自身的发展上,把总体社会变革与道德变革相结合,以期改变社会异化现象。虽然弗洛姆提出的实现技术社会人道化的具体方案不具有可实施性,只是构建了乌托邦式的健全社会,存在唯心主义及对资本主义批判的不彻底性,但也体现了人类对美好生活的憧憬。我国目前处于社会主义初级阶段,对我国目前技术发展的情况而言,弗洛姆技术人道化思想具有重要的借鉴意义,值得深入研究。弗洛姆技术人道化思想可以指引我们面对现代化技术社会快节奏的生活时如何树立合理的消费观念、坚定文化自信等。 N2 - Erich Fromm, a famous humanistic philosopher and psychoanalyst, whose idea of technological humanization is one of the philosophical theories of humanistic caring research, his life The all-round development is the center, and the technology serves the ideal social environment of human beings. Fromm believes that with the continuous development of technology, the development of human beings in the modern technological society is constrained, and the society deviates from the development of humanism, which is an alienated and morbid society. He combines psychology and sociology. Dimension, put forward specific measures to realize the humanization of technology society, hoping to put technology back under the control of people, create a healthy social environment, and finally realize the all-round development of people. This paper firstly starts from four aspects, including the background, formation process, thought traceability and theoretical basis of Fromm's >humanization of technology< thought, and tries to deeply analyze his thought of >humanization of technology<. Secondly, it analyzes the main content of the thought, and from the alienation phenomenon of human existence, draws the >pathogen< that leads to the formation of the alienation phenomenon, and then >prescribes the right medicine< to put forward how to get rid of the >pathogen< and realize the reform direction of the humanized development of technology. Finally, Fromm's >humanization of technology< thought starts from the theory of human nature, and hopes to return people's attention to the development of people themselves, and combine the overall social change with the moral change, in order to change the phenomenon of social alienation. Although Fromm's specific plan to realize the humanization of technological society is not feasible, it only builds a utopian sound society, there is idealism and incomplete criticism of capitalism, but it also reflects human beings' desire for a better life of longing. Our country is currently in the primary stage of socialism. For the current technological development of our country, Fromm's thought of technological humanization has important reference significance and is worthy of further study. Fromm's technical humanization thought can guide us how to establish a reasonable consumption concept and strengthen cultural self-confidence in the face of the fast-paced life of the modern technological society. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2022] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Sihui T1 - Study on Alienation of Short Video Technology, Master thesis, Computer Software and Application of Computer; Journalism and Media, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China 2023. [doi.org/10.27328/d.cnki.gshsc.2023.000873] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] With the rapid development of the Internet and the widespread use of mobile devices, short video applications have become widely available on people’s smartphones, playing an important role in their daily lives. Currently, short video technology is constantly changing and gradually improving its functions, which has greatly enriched people’s daily life, and browsing short videos has become an important way of leisure for people, and the number of short videos has grown geometrically with users, however, short video technology has also produced alienation in this process. This article, based on Marxist humanist thought, Marcuse’s theory of technological alienation, and Fromm’s humanization of technology, delves deeply into the related issues of short video technology alienation and its governance, providing important theoretical guidance and practical reference for the development of short videos.– The specific performance of short video technology alienation is mainly in the following four aspects: First, the thinking alienation caused by short video algorithm recommendation technology, which is mainly reflected in the gradual reduction of people’s logical thinking ability, the weakening of rational judgment ability and the increasing instrumental rationality; second, the aesthetic alienation caused by short video beauty technology, mainly manifested by the objectification of self-aesthetics, the convergence of individual aesthetics and the increasing vulgarization of the mass aesthetic; thirdly, the alienation of values caused by short video rewarding technology is mainly reflected in the formation of wrong career and consumption views by diversified values, the enhancement of utilitarian values and the prevalence of egoistic values; finally, the alienation of self-presentation caused by following technology is mainly reflected in the entertainment and homogenization of self-presentation and the confusion of real self and ideal self. The causes of the problem of short video technology alienation can be attributed to three main aspects. Firstly, on the technological level, the flawed design of short video technology, including structural elements, and the uncertainty of the consequences of its application, have led to the occurrence of short video technology alienation. Secondly, on the subject level, the blind pursuit of profit by the design subject, the value of flow prioritization by the production subject, and the lack of rationality by the application subject have all contributed to the problem. Thirdly, on the social level, the undesirable effect of short video pan-entertainment, the imperfect moral education of short video technology and the unsound social supervision all lead to the alienation of short video technology to a certain extent.– This article analyzes and summarizes the problem of short video technology alienation through the method of literature analysis and the combination of theory and practice. The following measures are proposed: first, technical governance of short video technology alienation by establishing the concept of human-centered design, improving the algorithm recommendation technology system and forming an information filtering ecological environment; second, for individual governance, it is necessary to strengthen the unity of designer’s rights and obligations, promote the unity of author’s subjectivity and initiative, and encourage application users to rationally evaluate technology; third, in terms of social governance, the leading role of values should be improved, the moral education of short video technology should be strengthened, and the social regulation system should be improved. These measures are expected to promote the progress of short video technology and create a healthy short video environment. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2024] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Ting T1 - Alienation in Edward Albee’s >At Home at the Zoo<, Master thesis, World Literature, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2020 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Edward Albee(1928 – 2016), one of the most outstanding avant-garde American playwrights, has acquired spectacular achievements in his life. Generally recognized as an eminent spokesman of the American theatre, Albee’s plays provide a key to understanding the capitalistic society. >At Home at the Zoo< combines Albee’s classic work, >The Zoo Story<, with its prequel, home-life, to form a complete story of Peter, Ann, and Jerry. Based on the theory of alienation, this thesis analyzes the alienation in individuals, families and society reflected in the play.– The thesis consists of three parts. The introduction reviews the achievements of Edward Albee and the style of his plays, with a particular focus on his work >At Home at the Zoo<. This part also demonstrates the development of the theory of alienation, with the focus on Erich Fromm’s theory of alienation, laying the solid foundation for the textual analysis. Erich Fromm defines alienation as a mode of experience in which the person experiences himself/herself as an alien. Due to the lack of communication resulting from over production and consumption, rampant inequality and alienation emerges in one’s relationship with another. The main body of this thesis is composed of three chapters. Chapter One analyzes the defective individuals who are alienated inside themselves. In the alienated society, everyone has an increasing sense of alienation. The three main characters in the play are without exception. While both Peter and Jerry feel powerless in their life, Ann feels anxious all the time. Chapter Two examines the dysfunctional families in which the relationships between husbands and wives as well as parents and children are alienated. As a couple, Peter and Ann are isolated from each other. Jerry’s father and mother are completely estranged. In the meantime, the relationships between parents and children are greatly worsened as in Peter’s family and Jerry’s family. Chapter Three delves into the problematic society. The confrontation between Peter and Jerry and the domination of Jerry over >the dog< reflect the alienation of the whole society.– The last part is the conclusion which points out that alienation is pervasive in the modern capitalist society after analyzing alienation reflected in the play. In the capitalistic society, people are no longer active and creative beings. They become cogs in the machine. Family is no longer a shelter for people, which is characterized by indifference and estrangement. This kind of problem can be solved by taking into account of the factors leading to alienation. Therefore, the social significance can be seen in the play based on Erich Fromm’s theory of alienation. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jie T1 - A Brief Discussion on Fromm's Thought of Escaping Freedom and Its Relevance [浅论弗洛姆逃避自由思想及其现实意义] JF - Xinchu Culture [新楚文化], No. 7 (2023), pp. 69-72. N2 - 弗洛姆在马克思主义人学思想的基础上,结合弗洛伊德非理性潜意识理论,基于对法西斯主义产生的人性根源的分析,提出了个体在追求自由的过程中不可避免地面临自由和恐惧如影随形的生存困境。面对困境,人们用威权依附、破坏欲和机械趋同的逃避机制来掩盖困境,却在实践中给人类带来了巨大的灾难。为此,弗洛姆倡导人们通过创造性劳动和爱的实践来建立独立完整的精神结构,发展丰沛的自我,在追求自由的同时摆脱孤独的恐惧,走出困境实现自由。弗洛姆的逃避自由思想不仅为个体实现积极自由指明了方向,还为构建和谐社会提供了启示。 N2 - Building on Marxist anthropological thought, Erich Fromm integrated Freud's theory of irrational unconscious. Based on an analysis of the human roots that gave rise to fascism, he argued that individuals, in the pursuit of freedom, inevitably face existential challenges where freedom and fear are inseparably intertwined. Faced with these challenges, people employ authoritarian attachment, destructive impulses, and mechanical conformity as mechanisms to mask the difficulties, inadvertently causing significant disasters in practice. Therefore, Fromm advocated for individuals to establish an independent and integrated spiritual structure through creative work and the practice of love. This would lead to the development of a rich self, allowing individuals to overcome the fear of loneliness while striving for freedom. Fromm's thoughts on the escape from freedom not only provide direction for individuals to achieve positive freedom but also offer insights for building a harmonious society. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 1/2024] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Jing T1 - An Interpretation of the Theme of Alienation in >Jude the Obscure< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Humanistic Psychoanalysis, Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - The eminent British novelist and poet Thomas Hardy wrote fifteen novels, four collections of short stories, over 900 poems and two verse dramas throughout his life, leaving a valuable literary heritage for the people of the UK and the world. Jude the Obscure is set in England of 1860 s. It recounts the tragedy of the protagonist countryman Jude Fawley’s struggle for college minister and a stable marriage. It is considered as the first modern novel in the history of British literature. The theme of alienation is a basic theme of modernist literature. It is displayed in Hardy’s novels, especially in >Jude the Obscure<. This thesis adopts the humanistic psychoanalysis of the German-American Jewish social psychologist Erich Fromm to discuss and analyze the representations and reasons for Jude’s alienation in the novel. Jude lived in a stage when capitalism was rapidly developing. The social economy was thriving. The achievements of political democracy were increasingly consolidated, and the cultural cause was flourishing. Influenced by the capitalist civilization, Jude strove to stand firm in metropolises. However, the development of capitalism has two sides. With the continuous progress in economy and the technology, economic features of capitalism such as the quantification and the abstraction were constantly highlighted. The connections between individuals and the connections between people and concrete objects were increasingly vague. Political democracy not only brought people freedom, but also increased people’s sense of loneliness and powerlessness. On the one hand, cultural education encouraged individuals to develop the character of ambition and competition. On the other hand, it compelled individuals to act in accordance with social norms. In such a society, people were in atomic states. They did not get acquainted with each other. The psychological needs of individuals, also the needs of human nature that were based on their existence conditions could not be satisfied. People were only obliged to conform to social norms, which caused the alienation of individuals. Jude’s alienation is the root of his tragedy. Based on the previous research findings, this thesis attempts to interpret the theme of alienation in >Jude the Obscure< via the theory of Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis. It hopes to have a better understanding of Hardy’s modernist literary spirit. [www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jie T1 - On Fromm's Theory of >Love< [弗洛姆>爱<的话语理论] JF - Journal of Puyang Vocational and Technical College [濮阳职业技术学院学报], No. 4 (2022), 71-76. N2 - 作为弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义者,弗洛姆深化弗洛伊德无意识领域学说,将此与马克思人道主义结合,积极探索社会改造方案。弗洛姆发现,爱是拯救病态社会的答案,爱的关系为当前病态的社会指明了方向,畸形的爱和爱的匮乏导致了人们逃避自由的心理机制,弗洛姆将爱作为一门艺术,在爱的可能上提出了诸多可行性建议。弗洛姆从个体>社会心理<出发,致力于重塑人的>社会性格<,憧憬健全社会愿景,打造充满爱的人道主义世界。 N2 - As a Freudian Marxist, Fromm deepened Freud's doctrine of the unconscious sphere, combined this with Marxian humanism, and actively explored social transformation programs. Fromm found that love is the answer to save the sick society, and that the relationship of love shows the direction of the current sick society, and that the deformed love and the lack of love lead to the psychological mechanism of people to escape from freedom. Fromm starts from the >social psyche< of the individual and works to reshape the >social character< of people, envisioning a vision of a sound society and a humanitarian world full of love. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Qi T1 - Research on Fromm's Disobedience Thought [弗洛姆不服从思想研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2022. N2 - Fromm inherited Marx’s humanistic thought and developed the psychoanalysis, not only do not obey the thought of theoretical connotation and forms, an important connotation in disobedience thought, also proposed shall establish a disobedient socialism and on the basis of the civil liberties cooperation of human society, form the unique ideological system. At the same time, he analyzed the phenomenon of human alienation and the adverse factors hindering the free development of human beings. The epistemological basis of his humanistic thought is the critical theory, criticizing the basic contradictions existing in capitalist society, and holding that people need to have the courage to disobey the orders of power if they want to establish humanistic socialism. On this basis, Fromm emphasizes the core concepts such as the condition of disobedience and the theoretical basis of social character, which provides a theoretical foundation for people to realize real free and comprehensive development. In addition, Fromm criticized the bureaucratic system of capitalism, the problem of old age and the psychological mechanism of escaping freedom. Based on Fromm’s disobedience thought theory origin and realistic background starting, explore the surrounding Fromm’s ideas of disobedience and evaluation, this paper expounds the main contents of Fromm’s disobedience thought, taking Marxist theory as the foundation, the theory of Fromm’s ideas of noncompliance with the value and limitations were analyzed, and thus introduces Fromm’s ideas of disobedience. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Xianghong T1 - Analysis of Love Education for College Students [试析大学生的爱情教育] JF - Exam Weekly [考试周刊], No. 34 (2009), pp. 202-204. N2 - 面对大学生的恋爱现状,高校应重视对大学生进行爱情教育,弗洛姆关于爱的理论对大学生的爱情教育有现实的借鉴意义。爱情教育的目的在于形成健康的爱情观,本文具体分析了大学生的爱情教育。 N2 - Faced with the current situation of love among college students, colleges and universities should pay attention to love education for college students, and Fromm's theory of love has practical significance for love education of college students. The purpose of love education is to form a healthy concept of love, and this paper specifically analyzes the love education of college students. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Xiaolu T1 - An Interpretation of Alienation of >Where Angels Fear to Tread< from the Perspective of Erich Fromm’s Theory of Alienation, Master thesis, World Literature, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China 2021 [application of Fromm’s theories to art]. N2 - E. M. Forster’s works mostly reflect the social realities of his time. At the beginning of the 20th century England was in a significant historical period of social transformation. Although material wealth was abundant people’s spiritual state and moral level were constantly retrogressive. >Where Angels Fear to Tread< was set in this background. The moral values expressed in the Mrs. Herritons the family relationships between members and the mental state of each person all reflected the social status quo of their time. This thesis analyzes the phenomenon of alienation in >Where Angels Fear to Tread< through Fromm’s theory of alienation. Alienation has become a common social phenomenon people are in a state of controlling and being controlled so they lost their own independent personality productivity and creativity. In addition money and interests dominate social relations which makes people feel less care for each other thus the social relationship is becoming more and more indifferent. This phenomenon of alienation was not only reflected in British society at the beginning of the twentieth century but also was evident in contemporary times. This thesis studies the novel with the theory of alienation. Through analyzing the manifestations of alienation in characters exploring the causes of alienation and finally achieving the ultimate goal of curing the alienation of characters this thesis not only reflects the novelist’s desire to reveal the alienation of the British middle class but also provides methods and ideas to solve the spiritual alienation of modern people through the study of alienation resistance. This thesis is mainly divided into three parts-introduction main body and conclusion. The introduction gives a brief presentation to the novelist and his works followed by a comprehensive overview of the current state of domestic and international research on >Where Angels Fear to Tread<. Finally the purpose and significance of the text are explained. The introductory part is a prelude to the rest of the study. The main part is divided into three chapters.– The first chapter starts with the embodiment of alienation which explores the embodiment of alienation between individuals and society between individuals and other people and between individuals and themselves. From these three aspects the thesis makes a specific study on the embodiment of alienation and characters’ behavior under alienation.– The second chapter mainly explores the causes of alienation. There are many reasons for characters’ alienation. On the one hand characters’ personality defects lead to their self-loss. On the other hand the influence of long-term family environment is on a person as well as the influence of social environment on them.– The third chapter studies the resistance to alienation. The resistance to alienation also starts from three aspects. The first is the individual’s efforts to get rid of his own alienation. Secondly from the perspective of love it explains the importance of creative love to improve people’s alienation. Thirdly from the social perspective it expounds the positive role of a good social environment for people to get rid of alienation. The conclusion summarizes the content of the above chapters. It can be seen that Foster has a sober understanding of the society he lives in. He expresses the concern of people’s alienation and shows his hope for overcoming alienation. With the rapid development of productive forces the great wealth of material materials and the increasing consumer demand the seemingly sound society hides a profound spiritual crisis which also coincides with Fromm’s alienation theory. Through the analysis it can be seen that studying human alienation is necessary and feasible. [English: www.cnki.net, 4/2022] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Xiaowei T1 - Existence in the Practice of Love – Read Fromm's >The Art of Loving< [在爱的实践中存在——读弗洛姆《爱的艺术》] JF - The Teaching of Thought and Political Study, [思想政治课教学], No. 8 (2022), pp. 95-96. N2 - 在写作《爱的艺术》时,社会批判思想家弗洛姆的弗洛伊德主义马克思主义理论体系已逐渐形成。弗洛姆结合马克思恩格斯在19世纪中叶创立的历史唯物主义思想,批判性地发展了弗洛伊德的精神分析学说,从人类生活实践出发考察人类生存状况。在《马克思论人》一文中,弗洛姆曾明确表述了他的观点:马克思的真实目的是人的精神解放,是让每一个个体的人都恢复其完整性。事实上,这也是弗洛姆在爱的实践中探寻人类生存问题答案的出发点与落脚点。 N2 - At the time of writing >The Art of Loving<, the Freudian Marxist theoretical system of the social-critical thinker Fromm had been gradually formed. Combining the ideas of historical materialism founded by Marx and Engels in the mid-19th century, Fromm critically developed Freud's psychoanalytic doctrine and examined the human existence from the practice of human life. In his book >Marx’s Concept of Man<, Fromm had clearly expressed his view that Marx's true aim was the spiritual emancipation of man, the restoration of each individual human being to its integrity. In fact, this is the starting point and the landing point of Fromm's search for the answer to the question of human existence in the practice of love. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Yuan T1 - Study on Marx’s Leisure Thought and Its Contemporary Enlightenment from the Perspective of Human Development, Master thesis, Philosophy, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2021. N2 - As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, people’s leisure needs are growing, and the problem of leisure and human development has become increasingly prominent. On the basis of criticizing the antagonism of capitalist leisure, Marx put forward the communist ideal which takes human’s overall and free development as the basic principle, which has important enlightenment to reflect on contemporary leisure. Understanding leisure, learning leisure, as well as practicing leisure are the only ways to realize the all-round development of people and a better life for people. The former leisure thought can deepen our understanding of Marx’s leisure thought, and can be used as a tool to reflect on the leisure problem. Hegel’s philosophy of master and slave initially revealed the antagonism of leisure and its way out, and Feuerbach’s criticism of alienation provided a model for reflection on leisure alienation. He regarded god as the highest leisure person and love as the essence of human, which meant that the way to overcome leisure alienation lies in the integration of leisure and human development. French utopianism socialism proposed the combination of leisure and work. Veblen criticized the conspicuous consumption of the leisure class. Fromm criticized the emphasis on possession over survival. These theories revealed that leisure and human development can be unified. The leisure discussed by Marx is divided into three levels, including the leisure of rest and relaxation, the leisure of consumption and entertainment and the leisure of human development. Marx’s leisure thought is deeply embedded in consumption theory, free time theory and labor theory. Specifically, human development is the fundamental purpose of leisure, which is the path to human development; Consumption is an important carrier of leisure, and real leisure consumption can promote human development; Free time is the essence of leisure and expands the space for human development; Labor is the foundation of leisure, labor and leisure unity can expand leisure space, make leisure more realistic; The four aspects are interrelated and all reflect the practical logic of communism which takes human development as the center. Marx’s leisure thought has important enlightenment for understanding contemporary leisure theory, leisure status, leisure problems and countermeasures: to build a new leisure value system, to coordinate the relationship between human and nature, society and self; to build a new connotation of leisure consumption and overcome consumer materialization, pay attention to humanistic meaning; to build a new connotations of free time, and realize the comprehensive and free development of human being; to build a new type of labor-leisure relationship, achieve the unity of the two, and to realize the highest human value. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Yujiao T1 - A Comparative Study of >The Summer before the Dark< and >The Edible Woman< from the Perspective of Humanistic Psychoanalysis, Master thesis, World Literature, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2021 [application of Fromm’s theories to art]. N2 - This thesis conducts a comparative study between >The Summer before the Dark< by the British writer Doris Lessing and >The Edible Woman< by the Canadian writer Margaret Atwood from the perspective of Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis. >The Summer before the Dark< and >The Edible Woman< share a significant common theme, that is, the dilemma of contemporary women. Alienation is a prevalent phenomenon in modern society and as members of that society, females cannot escape from this problem. >The Summer before the Dark< describes the story of a middle-aged housewife, Kate, who pursues her true self after temporarily escaping from her family, and >The Edible Woman< depicts working class Marian’s process of searching for mental independence and escaping from an alienating spiritual predicament. By examining the view of human nature, alienation and road to sanity proposed Erich Fromm, this thesis thoroughly analyzes and compares the similarities between the two protagonists’ behavior when confronted with alienation, their process of awakening self-awareness and differences in their routes to mental sanity. Through systematic comparison and analysis, it can be concluded that Kate’s maternal love for children and Marian’s erotic love for Peter provide the respective sources of their alienation. Obsession with others gives them a false sense of identity which enables them to cast off their deeply-rooted feelings of separation. In such symbiotic relationships with others, both Kate and Marian lose their self-awareness as an individual being and they cannot realize their spiritual dilemma. Mental independence and self-awareness are the key to getting rid of plight and the way to mental health for them. Through intensive study, the thesis suggests a solution for those trapped in a spiritual dilemma: productive love. Productive love can meet man’s need for union with others and provide a sense of identity with the prerequisite of the development of integrity. It is the final answer to conditions of individual living plight and the only way to achieve personal equilibrium. [English: www.cnki.net, 4/2022] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhao, Meiya T1 - Sowing with Heart, Cultivating with Love [用心播种 用爱耕耘] JF - Primary School Teaching Research, No. 3 (2018), pp. 88-89. N2 - 爱,是一个非常熟悉的字眼,她是伴随儿童成长的动人旋律,她是联系队员心灵的纽带。在少先队活动中,以爱为主题的活动是必不可少的。德国著名思想家弗洛姆认为:爱是一门艺术,爱需要知识,爱需要努力。爱的基本要素是关心、责任、尊重和认识,并且这四个要素是有机融合,缺一不可的。那么,如何在少先队活动中实施爱的教育,更好地对少年儿童进行心灵的灌溉? N2 - Love is a very familiar word, it is a moving melody that accompanies the growth of children, it is the link between the hearts of the players. In the activities of the Young Pioneers, the activities with the theme of love are essential. The famous German thinker Fromm believes: love is an art, love requires knowledge, love requires effort. The basic elements of love are care, responsibility, respect and awareness, and these four elements are organic integration, the absence of an indispensable. So, how to implement love education in the pioneer activities, and better irrigate the hearts of children and adolescents? [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2023] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yuexian T1 - Exploring the Ethical Alienation of >The Cement Garden< [《水泥花园》的伦理异化探析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - China National Exhibition, No. 2 (2023), pp. 16-18. N2 - 麦克尤恩的小说《水泥花园》讲述了在冷漠的现代社会下兄妹四人在失去父母之后,心理逐渐扭曲,伦理逐渐异化的过程。以弗洛姆异化理论为基础,从家庭内部、兄弟姐妹之间和人与社会三个方面探讨其中存在的伦理异化现象,并揭露其背后的隐喻含义。 N2 - McEwan's novel >The Cement Garden< tells the story of four siblings who gradually become psychologically distorted and ethically alienated after losing their parents in the cold modern society. Based on Fromm's alienation theory, the novel explores the ethical alienation within the family, between siblings and between people and society, and exposes the metaphorical meaning behind it. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 5/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yingyin T1 - Respect Others, Start from Yourself [尊重别人,从自己做起] JF - Middle School Student's Corner (Version B) [中学生天地(B版)], No. 6 (2017), pp. 30-31. N2 - 姚远同学:你好!你在来信中探讨了>尊重<这个严肃而又重要的话题。你的问题提得好,提得 尖锐。我觉得你是一个会思考的学生,同时,也为你的正直感动。心理学大师弗洛姆曾经这样说:>尊重生命、尊重他人、也尊重自己,是生命进程中的伴随物,也是心理健康的条件。<可以说,人因尊 ... N2 - Yao Yuan: Hello! In your letter, you have discussed the serious and important topic of >respect<. Your question is good and You have raised good and sharp questions. I think you are a thinking student, and I am also touched by your integrity. The psychologist Fromm once said, >Respect for life, for others, and for oneself is a concomitant of the process of life and a condition of mental health.< It can be said that people are respected by ... [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2023] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Youkui T1 - Refusing to >Abstract Matter<: Theoretical Approach of Western Marxism JF - Journal of Nantong University (Social Sciences Edition), No. 2 (2007), pp. 28-32. N2 - Some successors of Marxists once insist that the >substanceabstract matter< of old materialism. Western Marxists who are the affirmative or negative of >substance< commonly demand re-understanding Marx’s texts because they think that the judgment doesn’t embody the real Marxist philosophical revolution. With the refusing to >abstract matter<, Lukács, Fromm, Schmidt and Gramsci etc.do their most to emphasize ontological significance of historical practice and the nullity of two-pattern of materialism and idealism to understanding Marxist philosophy. Though Western Marxism excessively emphasis on practice, their theoretical approach has important theoretical significance to the research of contemporary Chinese Marxist philosophy. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 6/2023] Y1 - 2007 ER -