TY - GEN A1 - Duek Marques, Oswaldo Henrique T1 - Contribuições psicanalíticas de Erich Fromm para a compreensão do nazismo, Doctoral dissertation, Clinical Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 2015, 188 pp., Portuguese. N2 - Este estudo analisa as contribuições psicanalíticas de Erich Fromm para a compreensão do nazismo e do antissemitismo nele inserido, por meio de pesquisa teórica em Psicanálise, sem afastar as bases históricas e filosóficas. Para tanto, enfoca inicialmente, no primeiro capítulo, os aspectos históricos do nazismo e do antissemitismo, para, na sequência, no segundo capítulo, discorrer sobre os subsídios psicanalíticos no campo freudiano, a fim de pensar a problemática do nazismo da ótica da psicanálise, como introdução às ideias de Fromm sobre esse tema. No terceiro e último capítulo, pesquisam-se, na obra conjunta desse autor, os aspectos do nazismo e do antissemitismo. Ao final, na conclusão, são apresentadas as principais contribuições psicanalíticas de Fromm sobre esses temas. Este trabalho pretende demonstrar, por meio de uma análise crítica e reflexiva, a contribuição essencial desse autor para a compreensão psicanalítica do nazismo e do antissemitismo. Esta pesquisa se justifica na medida em que não foi localizado estudo aprofundado e específico que apontasse as contribuições psicanalíticas de Fromm para compreender o nazismo e o antissemitismo. Os assuntos tratados revestem-se de atualidade, por revelarem, do ponto de vista psicanalítico, os mecanismos que desencadeiam a discriminação e a intolerância, presentes nos regimes totalitáriosa. N2 - This work analyses Erich Fromm s psychoanalytical contributions to the understanding of Nazism and its intrinsic anti-Semitism by conducting a theoretical research in Psychoanalysis, while taking into account the historical and philosophical basis. In the first chapter we focus on the historical aspects of Nazism and anti-Semitism. In the second chapter, we discuss psychoanalytical contributions from de the Freudian field in order to reflect on the question of Nazism from a psychoanalytical point of view, as an introduction to Fromm s ideas on this topic. In the third and final chapter, we study aspects of Nazism and anti-Semitism in Fromm s works. In the conclusion, we present Fromm s main psychoanalytical contributions to these themes. Through a critical and reflexive analysis this work attempts to demonstrate this author s crucial contribution to the psychoanalytic understanding of Nazism and Anti-Semitism. The value of this research resides in the fact that no deep and specific study on Fromm s psychoanalytic contributions to the understanding of these topics has been found. The referred issues are still current in today s world, as they reveal, from a psychoanalytical standpoint, the mechanisms that unleash the discrimination and intolerance in totalitarian regimes. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR ED - Ferry, W. H. T1 - (The Triple Revolution, Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 353-368. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fetscher, Iring T1 - (Marx's Concretization of the Concept of Freedom, Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 214-223. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Flores, Juan Antonio T1 - Social in psychoanalysis as an unconscious construction JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 34 (No. 1, 2025), pp. 003-008. N2 - There is no subject >in itself.< There is no subject without society. The subject must incorporate in its definition the impact of its social inclusion. It is in function of this >other< that, >from the very beginning,< individual psychology is >simultaneously< social psychology. It is there, in this field, where it is possible to approach how the conflicts that society harbors are expressed in what seems more personal and intimate, since what is lived in one’s own body also expresses, in its own way, something that is outside, in the collective field. From this place we must also think about the unconscious. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferroni, Sara T1 - Review Rothschild, Louis: Rapprochement between fathers and sons, Karnac Books: London, 2024. JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (No. 3, 2024), pp. 216-218. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frindte, Wolfgang T1 - Is this still authoritarianism? A discussion contribution on the 125th birthday of Erich Fromm - https://doi.org/10.1037/hum0000406 JF - The Humanist Psychologist (American Psychological Association - APA), Vol. 53 (2025), pp. 565-580. N2 - Against the backdrop of a global >authoritarian turn,< the question arises as to what extent social science conceptions of authoritarianism do justice to current social developments and to what extent it is worthwhile to seek additional explanations. After a look at the history of authoritarianism research, various concepts of authoritarianism are discussed: Altemeyer’s >right-wing authoritarianism,< the concept of authoritarianism developed by Decker and colleagues, Sidanius and Pratto’s >social dominance theory,< Duckitt’s >dual process model,< and Amlinger and Nachtwey’s concept of >libertarian authoritarianism.< In addition, Erich Fromm’s concept of >group narcissism< is compared with Tajfel and colleagues’ >social identity approach.< For Erich Fromm, group narcissism is a relatively stable aspect of a social character. Authoritarian group narcissists are exclusively and unscrupulously concerned with their own (and group-related) uniqueness, their power, and their money and therefore shamelessly discriminate against weak and inferior groups. It is therefore discussed whether group narcissism might not be a useful theoretical approach to observe and analyze the elitism of Trumpists and their supporters in addition to existing concepts of authoritarianism. Finally, Erich Fromm’s Theory of the Self is acknowledged as a meta-theoretical framework within which >academic< social psychological theories of identity and the self can also be placed. Therefore, a bridge between >academic< and psychoanalytic social psychology is advocated. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved) Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frie, Roger T1 - A call to action: The enduring relevance of Cushman and Fromm JF - Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, Vol. 44 (No. 2, 2024), pp. 119-122. [Online ISSN 2151-3341] [doi.org/10.1037/TEO0000250] N2 - This article examines Phil Cushman’s significance as a hermeneutic psychologist, a relational psychoanalyst, and an activist for progressive social change. Parallels are drawn between Cushman’s […] article and the work of the mid-century social critic and psychoanalyst, Erich Fromm, particularly his book (Fromm, 1941). The author reflects on his own relationship with Cushman and on the enduring relevance of Cushman’s cross-disciplinary scholarship for psychology. [APA PsycNet] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Forsyth, James T1 - Psychological Theories of Religion, Hoboken / New Jersey (Prentice Hall) 2003, 258 pp. [ISBN 978-0130480682] N2 - This book surveys the major theorists in the psychology of religion – Sigmund Freud, C.G. Jung, William James, Erich Fromm, Gordon Allport, Abraham Maslow and Viktor Frankl – who are all seminal thinkers and represent the classical theories in this field. Each of these theorists presents a more or less comprehensive theory of religion, which attempts to give an account of the psychological origin and/or value of religion. The approach of the book, in each case, shows how the theory of religion emerges not only from the theorist's psychological theory, but also from his own life experience. Each chapter contains an introductory overview of the theory, biographical material on the theorist, his theory of personality, his theory of religion, and an evaluation of the theory of religion. Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Fuchs, Christian T1 - Marxist Humanism and Communication Theory (Series: Media, Communication and Society, Volume One), Abingdon / New York (Routledge) 2021, 311 pp. [ISBN 978-0-367-69713-6] N2 - This book outlines and contributes to the foundations of Marxist-humanist communication theory. It analyses the role of communication in capitalist society. Engaging with the works of critical thinkers such as Erich Fromm, E. P. Thompson, Raymond Williams, Henri Lefebvre, Georg Lukács, Lucien Goldmann, Günther Anders, M. N. Roy, Angela Davis, C. L. R. James, Rosa Luxemburg, Eve Mitchell, and Cedric J. Robinson, the book provides readings of works that inform our understanding of how to critically theorise communication in society. The topics covered include the relationship of capitalism, racism, and patriarchy; communication and alienation; the base/superstructure-problem; the question of how one should best define communication; the political economy of communication; ideology critique; the connection of communication and struggles for alternatives. Written for a broad audience of students and scholars interested in contemporary critical theory, this book will be useful for courses in media and communication studies, cultural studies, Internet research, sociology, philosophy, political science, and economics. This is the first of five Media, Communication and Society volumes, each one outlining a particular aspect of the foundations of a critical theory of communication in society. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - New Foreword and Bibliography T2 - E. Fromm, The Art of Listening, London (Robinson - Little, Brown Group) 2024, pp. 7-11 and 195-201. Y1 - 1991 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fritzhand, M. T1 - (Marx's Ideal of Man, Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 146-153. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Prólogo del editor T2 - E. Fromm, Amor, sexualidad y matriarcado. Sobre el género, ed. and with an introduction by Rainer Funkm Mexico (DEMAC), 2025, pp. 7-12. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fromm, Erich T1 - Předmluva T2 - E. Fromm, Patologie normálnosti, edited and with an introduction by Rainer Funk, Praha (Portál), 2024, pp. 7-12. Y1 - 1991 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fu, Jingsheng T1 - Comments on Lozi's Backgroundist Paintings [评洛齐背景主义绘画] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Shanghai Art Review [上海艺术家], No. 6 (1995), pp. 41-43. N2 - §1孔子曾说:>吾每日三省吾身。<这可以看成在自我反思中的自我批判,以及,在这种自我批判中使自已能恒常地处于一个阳刚的生生不息的理想的人生境界。西哲弗洛姆曾说:>人有一种逃避自由的天性,人的惰性使人总要逃避为人生奋斗。<于是,伴随着当代社会现代化的进程,人的现代化的主要标志就在于人要在自身的一切(从精神到物质)领域中建立起以审美批判为具体形态的人生准则。人对自身的批判形式不能是自设陷阱自己不能自拔的堕落为奴,批判中应该包含高扬出自己本身特有的美质与对>他者<优秀品格的学习。正是在这个意义上,我发现了洛齐先生>背景主义<绘画的高妙之处。 事实上,早些时候,沈语冰先生已经 … N2 - §1 Confucius once said: >I examine myself three times a day.< This can be seen as self-criticism in self-reflection, and, in this self-criticism, one can constantly be in a masculine state of life. The endless ideal state of life. Western philosopher Erich Fromm once said: >People have a natural tendency to escape from freedom, and their laziness makes them always escape from the struggle for life.< Therefore, along with the modernization of contemporary society, the main sign of human modernization is that people must establish life principles with aesthetic criticism as the concrete form in all areas of oneself (from spiritual to material). People's criticism of themselves cannot be a form of self-destruction that leads to self-slavery. Criticism should include the promotion of one's own unique qualities and the learning of the excellent qualities of >others.< It is in this sense that I discovered the excellence of Mr. Lozi's >backgroundism< paintings. In fact, earlier, Mr. Shen Yubing had … [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fu, Yating T1 - Study on the Relationship Among Personality Traits, Attachment between Teacher and Student, Sense of School Belonging of Middle School Students, Psychology, Shaanxi University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2014. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] As a whole, Middle school students who are in the rapid development of their important Physiological and psychological stages have always been a common concern For each family group and society. Physical and mental development during this period of change will have a significant impact on the future development of the individuals, so this study chooses middle school students as the object of the study. Fromm’s needs theory and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is that humans generally have needs vest. For middle school students, their need to belong is reflected in the sense of belonging to the school. Students of different personality characteristics treat the problem in different ways. The teacher is the guide of the student in the school study and in the life, there is no doubt that teacher attachment status will affect the development of self-identity and attitude of middle school students. The role of the students affiliated compliance of teacher will migrate to the school attachment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between personality traits, teacher attachment and sense of school belonging of middle school students. Method: Using EPQ, teacher attachment scale and school belonging scale (Xu Kunming), this study surveys 685 students, who come from ten classes, four grade of a Xi’an key middle school. There are some conclusions through some the statistics ways such as variance analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, regression analysis, mediating effect. Results: (1) Middle school students psychoticism and neuroticism had significant differences between different gender and different segment, psychoticism scores of boys than girls, girls neuroticism scores higher than boys; the level of psychoticism of junior school students is higher than senior high school students, the level of neuroticism of high school students is higher than that of junior middle school students. Students’ neuroticism levels from divorced family are higher than normal families. Studying time has significant difference on the personality traits of middle school students. (2) The attachment between the teachers and students of junior high school students is higher than senior high school students. The dimension of help and acceptance of the students in the normal family are higher than students from divorced families. Studying time has a different effect on the attachment between the middle school students and teachers. With the studying time longer, level of attachment between the teachers and students of middle school is decreasing. (3) There were significantly different on all dimensions of school belonging of the students in the different gender and different segment. Studying time has significant difference on the school belonging of middle school students, mainly in the school environment, teachers’ behaviors and school belonging total scores. (4) There is extremely significant negative correlation between level of neuroticism and school belonging, namely the neuroticism level is higher, the lower the level of school belonging. It exists significant negative correlation between teacher attachment score and neuroticism dimension, between psychoticism and teacher attachment score. There is positively related to teacher attachment and sense of school belonging. Conclusion: Personality traits play an important influence on the sense of school belonging by two ways: firstly, neuroticism directly affects middle school students’ sense of school belonging; secondly, attachments between teacher and student are the intermediary variable between personality traits and sense of school belonging. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 11/2024] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Fuchs, Christian T1 - Radikaler Digitaler Humanismus. Eine Philosophie für die digitale Gesellschaft des 21. Jahrhunderts, München (UVK Verlag) 2024, 167 pp., deutsch. [Online ISBN 978-3-8385-6352-7] [doi.org/10.36198/9783838563527] N2 - Das Buch >Radikaler Digitaler Humanismus< ist ein Beitrag zur Moralphilosophie der digitalen Gesellschaft. Ausgehend vom Ansatz eines Radikalen Humanismus entwickelt Christian Fuchs einen Radikalen Digitalen Humanismus und argumentiert, dass wir diesen Ansatz brauchen, um die multiplen Krisen besser zu verstehen und zu identifizieren, wie das Überleben der Menschheit und der Gesellschaft sichergestellt werden kann. Das Buch führt in den Ansatz des Radikalen Digitalen Humanismus ein und stellt folgende Fragen: Warum ist die radikal-humanistische Philosophie im heutigen digitalen Zeitalter wichtig? Wie kann der Radikale Humanismus uns helfen, kritisch zu verstehen, wie digitale Technologien die Gesellschaft und die Menschheit formen? Welche Art von Humanismus brauchen wir, um die Digitalisierung der Gesellschaft kritisch zu verstehen? Dieses Buch trägt zur Erneuerung der humanistischen Philosophie im digitalen Zeitalter bei. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Klaus-Peter T1 - Review Funk, R.: Frömmigkeit zwischen Haben und Sein JF - Christ in der Gegenwart, Vol. 31 (18. Februar 1979), pp. 55f. Y1 - 1979 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Die Bedeutung des wissenschaftlchen Denkens von Erich Fromm für die Gegenwart. Vortrag anlässlich der Eröffnung eine eigenen Raumes des EFSC an der IPU am 12. Juni 2024. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Vorwort des Herausgebers T2 - E. Fromm, Humanismus in Krisenzeiten. Texte zur Zukunft der Menschheit, München (dtv), pp. 9-30 Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Was bringt Menschen dazu, politisch rechts wählen? Erkenntnisse aus dem Spätwerk Erich Fromms. Paper for discussion at the International Erich Fromm Online-Meeting, 11. Oktober 2025, 9 pp. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Die Bedeutung der Psychoanalyse für Führen und Beraten. Bisher nicht in Printform veröffentlichtes Positionspapier für die Karl Schlecht Stiftung, erarbeietet von Rainer Funk im September 2021. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Die Menschen kommen mit völliger Grenzenlosigkeit nicht klar. Interview von Moritz Honert und Ralf Schönball mit Rainer Funk T2 - Der Tagesspiegel, Berlin 22. November 2024, pp. 16f. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erich Fromm und der Narzissmus JF - Philosophie-Magazin, Berlin 2025 (März-April, No. 81), pp. 66-73. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - 编者序 (Foreword) T2 - E. Fromm, 爱、性欲与母权 (Love, Sexuality, and Matriarchy: About Gender), ed. and with an introduction by Rainer Funk, Shanghai (Shanghai Translation Publishing House) 2024, pp. 1-6. Y1 - 1994 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - (Love in the Life of Erich Fromm. A Biographical Afterword - Chinese) JF - Erich Fromm, 爱的艺术(The Art of Loving - Chinese), Taipeh (Ecus Publishing House), 2025, pp. 213-252.. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Humanismus und Krisenbewältigung. Erich Fromms wissenschaftliche Begründung humaner Potenziale JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 201-217. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 3 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026p ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - What makes people vote for the political right? Insights from Erich Fromm's late work. Paper for discussion at the International Erich Fromm Online-Meeting, October 11, 2025, 9 pp. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Kommentar zum Begriff >Biophilie< bei Bern Herrmann JF - B. Herrmann: Nach-Gedachtes. Essays zu lebenswissenschaftlichen Themen, Wiesbaden (Springer Fachmedien) 2025, pp. 25-27 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-47723-3 Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Berkholz, Stefan T1 - Erich Fromm: Ratgeber in bedrohten Zeiten. Stefan Berkholz interviewt Rainer Funk T2 - Neues Deutschland, Berlin 21. März 2025. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Willems, Sophia T1 - Interview zum Buch von Rainer Funk >Ich und Wir<: Der Gut-Mensch ist tot T2 - WZ Düsseldorf, 18. 03. 2005 Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Borchardt, Katharina T1 - Interview zum Buch von Rainer Funk >Ich und Wir< T2 - Deutsche Welle (Februar 2005; MDR Figaro (März 2005), Saarländischer Rundfunk (Februar 2005). Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erich Fromm’s Psychological Concept of Humanism - https://doi.org/10.1037/hum0000396 JF - The Humanist Psychologist (American Psychological Association - APA), Vol. 53 (2025), pp. 528-544. N2 - Erich Fromm not only developed a still-significant approach to social psychology, but he also represented a humanistic understanding of science that is groundbreaking for the social transformations of the present day. The article first attempts to show the religious and philosophical roots of his reception of humanism and then presents the psychological understanding of humanism that he refined and determines its significance for the present day. Fromm psychologically substantiates both the universality of man and his capacity for perfection by reflecting the existential situation of the human being as defined by brain development. With a different view of the unconscious, he then expands the psychological understanding of humanism. Instead of seeing what is unconscious primarily as the result of repression, Fromm understands the unconscious as the universal human being with all facets of human potential. These potentials, however, only become conscious to the extent that social filters enable them to become conscious. Humanism is therefore critical of socially conditioned filters and their alienating dynamics in order to no longer experience the hitherto unconscious realization of the human potential as something alien but as something profoundly one’s own. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved) Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Kretschmer, Winfried T1 - Interview zum Buch von Rainer Funk >Ich und Wir<: Ich - das unbekannte Wesen T2 - Online-Magazin ChangeX (www.chanqeX.de), 4. Jahrgang, 06. 10. 2005. Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gudelj, Marina T1 - Grupna analiza i psihoanaliza u radu s djecom i adolescentima [Group analysis and psychoanalysis in work with children and adolescents], Undergraduate thesis, Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Split, Croatia 2020, 34 + 6 pp., Croatian. N2 - Djetinjstvo i adolescencija krucijalna su razdoblja za razvoj zdrave i integrirane ličnosti pojedinca. Neriješene krize iz djetinjstva u kombinaciji s neodgovarajućom roditeljskom praksom dovode do razvoja psihičkih poremećaja u djeteta/adolescenta. Pedagogija, kao odgojno-obrazovna znanost u prvom planu, ima zadatak osigurati svakom djetetu pravo na obrazovanje. Da bi što kvalitetnije riješila taj zadatak, potrebna su joj dodatna znanja. Svrha ovoga rada je istaknuti mogućnost podizanja kvalitete pedagoškog rada primjenom znanja iz psihoterapije, točnije, psihoanalize i grupne analize. Psihoterapijska edukacija edukatora, u ove dvije psihoterapijske grane, može pružiti znanja, vještine i sredstva boljem razumijevanju prvenstveno samih sebe, zatim učenika, pa razreda kao grupe, roditelja i drugih odgojno-obrazovnih djelatnika. Drugim riječima, cilj ovog rada je naglasiti važnost psihičkog zdravlja djeteta, roditelja i učitelja te njegovog utjecaja na odgojno-obrazovne procese. N2 - Childhood and adolescence are crucial periods for the development of a healthy and integrated individual personality. Unresolved childhood crises combined with inappropriate parenting practices lead to the development of mental disorders in the child / adolescent. Pedagogy, as an educational science in the first place, has the task of ensuring that every child has the right to education. In order to solve this task as well as possible, it needs additional knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the possibility of raising the quality of pedagogical work by applying knowledge from psychotherapy, more precisely, psychoanalysis and group analysis. Psychotherapeutic education of educators, in these two branches of psychotherapy, can provide knowledge, skills and resources for a better understanding primarily of themselves, then of students, then of the class as a group, parents and other educational staff. In other words, the aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of the mental health of the child, parents and teachers and its impact on educational processes. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Güzel, Fahri A1 - Karaca, Faruk T1 - Sevgi Eksenli Dindarlığın İmkânı Üzerine [On The Possibility Of Love-Based Piety] JF - Kafkas Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi [Kafkas University Faculty of Divinity Review], No. 10-19 (2023), pp. 205-232. [Online ISSN 2148-8177] [dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2651781] N2 - The human-God relationship emerges as one of the main topics that the Psychology of Religion deals with. Communication that is presented from man to God in the form of belief, worship and prayer finds answers in the form of revelation from God and acceptance of prayer in return. The definition of religion as a spiritual relationship with God brings with it the question of what the >nature< of this special relationship is and what is its psychological basis. The position of the feeling of love, which is more active among the emotional factors that nourish religious life, has been one of the questions that occupied the researchers who tried to examine religion from a psychological perspective. However, although it has great potential in nurturing religious life, the broad, complex and ambiguous nature of the concept of love has led to become distanced from the subject of research, especially in psychology. In this study, the conditions and consequences of the realization of the human-God relationship on the basis of love are discussed first. After that, the concept of love, objects of love and the way the concept of love is handled in the Qur'an are evaluated. Finally, the love of God and the dimensions of this love are tried to be examined. In this research, the documentation method was used. It is assessed that the concept of love has been the subject of quite different evaluations in terms of its nature and objects. Also, it has been evaluated that a love-centered human-God relationship comes to the fore in religious texts, firstly in the Qur'an, and especially in Sufi thought; and that the sources of a love-centered human-God relationship shows up its presence in human nature innately. N2 - İnsan-Allah ilişkisi, Din Psikolojisinin ele aldığı temel konulardan biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu iletişim, insandan Allah’a doğru inanç, ibadet, dua şeklinde cereyan etmekte, Allah’tan insana doğru ise vahiy, duanın kabulü şeklinde cevap bulmaktadır. Dinin Allah ile girilen ruhsal ilişki olarak tanımlanması, bu özel ilişkinin >mahiyeti< ve dayandığı >psikolojik temellerin< neler olduğu sorusunu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Dini hayatı besleyici duygusal faktörler arasında daha fazla etkin olan sevgi duygusunun konumu ise dini psikolojik perspektiften incelemeye çalışan araştırmacıları meşgul eden sorulardan biri olmuştur. Ancak dini hayatı besleme konusunda büyük potansiyele sahip olsa da, sevgi kavramının oldukça geniş, karmaşık ve muğlak doğası, özellikle psikoloji kaynaklarında neredeyse hiç araştırmaya konu edilmemesine yol açmıştır. İnsan-Allah ilişkisinin sevgi temelinde gerçekleşmesinin şartları ve sonuçlarının ele alındığı bu çalışmada öncelikle kavramsal çerçevede sevgi, sevgi objeleri ve Kur’an-ı Kerim’de sevgi kavramının ele alınış biçimi değerlendirilmiş daha sonra Allah sevgisi ve bu sevginin boyutları irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu araştırmamızda dokümantasyon yöntemi kullanılmış, sevgi kavramının, mahiyeti ve objeleri bakımından oldukça farklı değerlendirmelere konu olduğu, başta Kur’an-ı Kerim olmak üzere dini metinlerde, özellikte tasavvufi düşüncede sevgi merkezli bir insan-Allah ilişkisinin öne çıktığı, sevgi merkezli bir insan-Allah ilişkisinin kaynaklarının, insan tabiatında varlığını hissettirdiği değerlendirilmiştir. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Halton, Hugo-Henrik A1 - et al., T1 - Emancipating older learners: On the problems of naïve consciousness and the enlightened teacher JF - European Journal for Research on the Education and Learning of Adults, Pre-published, 2025, pp. 1-17. [Online ISSN 2000-7426] [rela.ep.liu.se/article/view/5471/4845] [doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.5471] N2 - The tension between education and emancipation is a recurrent theme in educational philosophy but remains comparatively neglected in critical educational gerontology (CEG). CEG is a philosophical strand in older adult education aiming at the social emancipation of older learners. CEG links radical emancipation to the outcome of raising older learners’ presumed naïve consciousness with the help of an enlightened teacher. In this essay, we argue that the logic of radical social emancipation features theoretical contradictions at its roots, which translate into empirical ambiguities when employed to raise older learners’ consciousness. We address two problems: (1) older learners’ naïve consciousness and (2) its subsequent dependence on teachers’ critical consciousness. To solve these problems, we propose Jacques Rancière’s logic of educational emancipation, focusing on the individual’s capacity to learn by presuming intellectual equality as a pre- condition for learning rather than an outcome as with CEG. By treating this perspective in older adult education, we hope to emancipate CEG itself by refocusing its scope primarily on the educational realm. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guo, Qianqian T1 - Studie zu Entfremdung in >Fabian. Die Geschichte eines Moralisten< [《法比安,一个道德家的故事》中的人性异化问题研究], Master thesis, German Literature, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2023 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 凯斯特纳的小说《法比安,一个道德家的故事》诞生于1931年,故事描写了主人公法比安在大城市柏林接连遭受精神创伤,最终返回家乡绝望自杀的故事。故事中的人物以及情节都体现着人性异化的主题。本文借助于马克思的劳动异化理论以及弗洛姆的人性异化理论,对《法比安,一个道德家的故事》中人性异化问题进行分析。论文主要从人与自身,人与人,人与社会这三个角度入手,对其异化关系的表现以及原因进行讨论分析,并试图归纳总结人性异化的普遍规律。由此得出的结论是,人性异化的原因一方面在于资本主义社会发展的结果,另一方面也是人类自身的属性。所以人性异化问题无法摆脱,只能加以缓解。 N2 - Kestners Roman >Fabian. Die Geschichte eines Moralisten< entstand 1931. Die Geschichte beschreibt den Protagonisten Fabian, der in der Großstadt Berlin nacheinander psychische Traumata erlitt, schließlich in seine Heimatstadt zurückkehrte und aus Verzweiflung Selbstmord beging. Die Charaktere und Handlungs¬stränge der Geschichte spiegeln das Thema der menschlichen Entfremdung wider. In diesem Artikel wer¬den Marx‘ Theorie der Arbeitsentfremdung und Fromms Theorie der menschlichen Entfremdung ver¬wen¬det, um das Problem der menschlichen Entfremdung in >Fabian. Die Geschichte eines Moralisten< zu ana¬lysieren. Diese Arbeit diskutiert und analysiert die Erscheinungsformen und Ursachen von Entfremdungs-beziehungen aus drei Perspektiven: Mensch und sich selbst, Mensch und Mensch sowie Mensch und Gesellschaft, und versucht, die universellen Gesetze der menschlichen Entfremdung zusam¬menzufassen. Daraus lässt sich die Schlussfolgerung ziehen, dass der Grund für die Entfremdung der menschlichen Natur einerseits das Ergebnis der Entwicklung der kapitalistischen Gesellschaft ist, anderer¬seits aber auch eine Eigenschaft des Menschen selbst ist. Daher kann das Problem der menschlichen Entfremdung nicht beseitigt, sondern nur gemildert werden. [Übersetzung: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guo, Qi T1 - A Study of Alienation in >Sweet Tooth<, Master thesis, World Literature, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2023 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Ian Mc Ewan is one of the greatest British writers, winning the Booker Prize in1998. He has shifted from the early dark writing of his own experience to the later realistic writing about society in his works, reflecting his close attention to modern society. >Sweet Tooth< was published in 2012, which was undoubtedly one of his most significant works. The novel focuses on the survival of Serena and other female characters in an alienated capitalist society. In addition to exploring the themes of politics and espionage, the novel also conceals the author’s inquiry into the alienated plight of modern people in the capitalist society and his critical thinking about the meaning of human existence. Based on Fromm’s alienation theory, this thesis aims to analyze the manifestation of the female characters’ alienation in >Sweet Tooth< through three aspects: self-alienation, interpersonal alienation, and alienation from social forces. It further explores the ways to eliminate alienation as proposed by the author. This thesis puts emphasis on the existential dilemma and spiritual crisis derived from the alienation of human nature in capitalist society. People should pay attention to the existential situation and actively save themselves in the state of alienation to live in harmony with themselves, others and society. This thesis is composed of five parts. The introduction briefly introduces Mc Ewan and his work >Sweet Tooth<. On this basis, it sum¬marizes the research status on >Sweet Tooth< at home and abroad. It clarifies the innovation of this thesis, and elaborates the aim, importance and structure of the thesis. Chapter one is the theoretical foundation, reviewing the origin and development of Fromm’s alienation theory. It discusses in detail the concept of alienation from three aspects: self-alienation, interpersonal alienation and alienation from social forces. Chapter two analyzes Serena’s self-alienation because of her >marketing orientation< character, in which Serena gradually loses her sense of self, relies on others’ evaluation to obtain self-identity, and becomes self-alienated. Serena awakens to self-awareness and she eliminates her alienation after she learns the truth and Serena gets independent through establishing self-identity and breaking routinization. Chapter three elucidates Serena's plight in the state of interpersonal alienation. Serena longs for romantic love and close friendship for the lack of family love in childhood, both of which result in deception. In the end, Serena gets out of interpersonal alienation through guarding true love and the quest for understanding. The fourth chapter explores how the anonymous authority causes the alienation from social forces in the capitalist society. The domination of male discourse and stereotypes of female make them struggle in their living condition. Finally, they build a sane life and eliminate the alienation from social forces. Serena pursues spiritual independence and rebels against male oppression. Shirley pursues independent personality through resignation, and Lucy chooses a free lifestyle to rebel against the mainstream. They all pursue the meaning of life. The final conclusion points out that >Sweet Tooth< exhibits the plight of modern human existence in capitalist society and the author’s humanistic concern. The novel points out, to some extent, the way to dispel alienation. It explores the way to get along with alienation in modern society. On the one hand, it shows the author’s concern for the spiritual plight of people. On the other hand, it provides ideas for getting out of alienation. With the help of Fromm’s alienation theory, this thesis analyzes self-alienation, interpersonal alienation and alienation from social forces in >Sweet Tooth<. It points out that people should live with themselves, others and society in a healthy way. Thus, they can save themselves out of the state of alie¬nation. The analysis of alienation in >Sweet Tooth< can make people think about the problems of human existence and human development. It also provides ideas and suggestions for mitigating the harm of alienation, and a new approach for analyzing Mc Ewan’s works. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2025] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guo, Kairong T1 - A Study on Man’s >Alienation< in Edgar Allan Poe’s and Shi Zhecun’s Short Stories, Master thesis, World Literature, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China 2023 [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] As an important American writer, Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849) was not only good at describing Gothic scenes and shaping absurd plots, but also the first writer to pay attention to the morbid factors in the early American society and the psychological imbalance and concealment of modern people. His works that can be called the embryonic works of modernism, show outstanding modernity factors in typical romantic characteristics, providing writing model and theoretical guidance for the main schools of modernism. After his works were introduced into China, they inspired the germination of Chinese modernism literature. The leading writer of Chinese modernism, Shi Zhecun (1905–2003), was deeply influenced by Edgar Allan Poe at the early stage of his literature creation and wrote the short story >Ni Nong<, a work that completely imitated Poe’s >Ligeia<. In the impact of the rapid development of modern society on traditional Chinese society, Shi Zhecun noticed the inner concealment and psychological imbalance of modern people caused by social reasons – human alienation just as Allan Poe, and combined Chinese traditional with western modernist writing techniques, presenting people’s alienation in literary works. The manifestation of people’s alienation and the origin of alienation in their works both have many similarities. The writer attempts to analyze the alienation in their works and find out the deep reasons through the comparative study towards their works. The writer researches alienation from Fromm’s alienation theory. Erich Fromm’s (1900–1980) alienation theory combined Marx’s alienation theory from the macroeconomic perspective with Freud’s research in micro psychology to produce an alienation theory from the perspective of social psychology. Fromm’s alienation theory explained the manifestations of people’s alienation from the aspects of production, consumption, politics, and people’s relationships. He sought for the source of alienation from external and internal causes – social economical development and people’s psychology. The theory highly corresponds with the same characteristics of Poe’s and Shi Zhecun’s short stories: backgrounds of similar socio-economic develop¬ment stages and psychoanalysis factors. This article attempts to deeply analyze the three aspects of human >alienation< constructed in the short stories of the two writers: self-alienation, alienation between the self and the other individual, and alienation with society through close reading from the perspective of alienation theory of Erich Fromm, to categorize and discuss the common expression of >alienation< of people, and reveal the deep similarities behind concluded specific reasons of >alienation< of people. The first chapter focuses on self-alienation. Based on dual personality, it is found that separation between person and himself comes from the contradiction of opposite psychology of people, and the reason why the contradiction cannot be reconciled is that alienated people are lack of the ability of loving – the creative connection. The second chapter talks about alienation between the self and the other individual. The writer researches from death of spirit, fear, and destructiveness to find that alienated people show strong desires for deprivation, distrust, and destruction, whose origin is the dissatisfaction of loving people – the creative relationship. The third chapter discusses about alienation with society. The writer notices that people Isolated from society will have a sense of extreme insecurity and that they will use physical or psychological ways to join the society from people’s behaviors of escaping freedom and trying to assimilate into the community after they lose creative connections. To sum up, the >alienation< in Poe’s and Shi Zhecun’s short stories has similarities not only in creation context, style, and techniques, but also in the deep roots of >alienation<. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2025] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Günther, Matthias T1 - Liebe(n) lernen: Bausteine für den Religionsunterricht an berufsbildenden Schulen (RU praktisch - Berufliche Schulen), Göttingen (‎Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht) 2019, 62 pp., deutsch. [ISBN 978-3-525-77239-3] N2 - Liebe ist ein universales Thema. Es bewegt alle Menschen, egal in welcher Form, ganz unabhängig von gesellschaftlichen und religiösen Konstellationen. Deshalb hat sie im Religionsunterricht von jeher einen festen Platz. Denn Liebe und Lieben müssen gelehrt und gelernt werden. Matthias Günther zeigt in seinem Werk mögliche Lernwege auf. Das Buch ist in vier Module gegliedert, die sich an der Lebens- und (zukünftigen) Arbeitswelt der Schülerinnen und Schüler orientieren: 1 Was ist Liebe? 2 Gottes Liebe und die Liebe zu Gott. 3 Nächstenliebe als Beruf. 4 Wenn die Liebe endet. Mit den hier präsentierten Materialien und Lernarrangements erwerben die Schülerinnen und Schüler Kompetenzen in Bezug auf Liebe untereinander sowie Empathie gegenüber Menschen, für die sie beruflich Verantwortung tragen (werden). Des Weiteren lernen sie, gesellschaftliches und religiöses Leben kritisch-reflektiert zu betrachten. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gremmler-Fuhr, Martina T1 - Transformative Lernprozesse im Erwachsenenalter. Entwicklung eines Orientierungskonzepts für die Anleitung und Unterstützung relationaler Lernprozesse, Kassel (Kassel University Press) 2006, 290 pp., deutsch [ISBN 13978-3-89958-208-6] N2 - Diese Dissertation ist die Dokumentation eines Forschungsprojekts nach Prinzipien und Verfahrensweisen wissenschaftlicher Praxisentwicklung. Dabei wird ein Orientierungskonzept, der sogenannte Beziehungskompass, für die Beschreibung und Unterstützung relationaler transformativer Lernprozesse im Erwachsenenalter entwickelt. Dieser Beziehungskompass wird im Kontext professioneller Beratung, Therapie, Weiterbildung (nach humanistisch-psychologischen und -pädagogischen Prinzipien) und mit starker Betonung der Arbeit in einer möglichst dialogischen Beziehung entwickelt. Er dient dazu, Beziehungen mit Hilfe eigens dafür entwickelter Kategorien zu einem a) aus individueller und existentieller Perspektive und b) aus kollektiver und entwicklungsorientierter Perspektive zu beschreiben. Im Zusammenhang mit der Anwendung dieses Modells wird der integrale Gestalt-Ansatz mit seiner Betonung auf einer dialogischen Grundhaltung und seinem holarchischen Entwicklungskonzept dargestellt und seine Bedeutung für die respektvolle Umsetzung des Beziehungskompasses in der Praxis hervorgehoben. Die Veranschaulichung dieses Orientierungsmodells schließlich erfolgt in verschiedenen praktischen Settings wie Beratung, Therapie und Supervision. Darüber hinaus werden auch die Berater-/Klient-Beziehungen bzw. Therapeut-/Klient-Beziehungen selbst mit Hilfe des Beziehungskompasses in ihren idealtypischen Ausprägungen für verschiedene Entwicklungsstufen skizziert. Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gedik, Kıymet T1 - Erich Fromm`da insan, tanrı, din bağlamında ateizm [Atheism in the Context of Man, God, Religion in Erich Fromm], Master thesis, Institute of Social Sciences, Philosophy Department, Mersin University, Mersin / Turkiye 2019, 71 + 8 pp., Turkish. N2 - Bu araştırmanın amacı Erich Fromm’un ateizm anlayışını incelemektir. Araştırmada ateizmin genel çerçevesine ve Erich Fromm’un insan, din ve Tanrı yaklaşımlarına yer verilmektedir. Ateizm, ilk çağlardan bu yana tartışıla gelen temel ontolojik ve metafizik konulardan biri olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle ateizmin temel eleştiri konularından birini ahlak teması oluşturmuştur. Ahlakın temel kaynaklarının dinin ve Tanrı’nın benimsendiği ateist yaklaşımlarda ahlak sorunun temellendirilmesi farklı düşünür ve ekollerce tartışılmıştır. Ancak ahlakın tek kaynağının din olmadığı Fromm gibi düşünürlerce ifade edilmektedir. Erich Fromm’un ateizm görüşü kurumsallaşmış dinler ve bu dinlerin getirdiği otoriter ahlakları reddeder. Bu nedenle Fromm’a göre öne çıkan ahlak anlayışı hümaniter ahlaktır. Bu ahlaki yaklaşımda; zihinsel bağımsızlık, akıl, sevgi ve hümanist ögeler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Fromm’un ateizm anlayışına göre Tanrı soyutlaşma süreci içinde zihinsel bir aşamadır. Bu bireyin otoritelerin tutsağı olmadığı, kendi üzerinde bilinçli farkındalığı olan ve davranışlarına kendisinin yön verdiği bir aşamadır. Erich Fromm’un ateizm anlayışı sevgi ve hümanist değerlerle örülüdür. Bunun sonucu olarak da O, mistik bir ateist olarak değerlendirilmektedir. N2 - The aim of this study is to examine Erich Fromm's understanding of atheism. In this research, the general understanding of atheism and Fromm's approach to human, religion and God are given in the context of this basic purpose. It has been observed that atheism has been one of the fundamental ontological and metaphysical topics discussed since the early ages. In this context, one of the main criticisms of atheism was the theme of morality. As a matter of fact, the basic sources of morality and the atheistic approach of the religion of God is based on different approaches and arguments. However, it is expressed by thinkers such as Fromm, where the only source of morality is not religion. Fromm's atheism rejects the institutionalized religions and the authoritarian ethics brought by these religions. In this context, the moral approach that comes to the fore in the thought of Fromm is humanitarian ethics. In this moral approach, mental independence, reason, love and humanist elements come to the fore. Fromm's approach to atheism, which develops an important morality in atheism, is a mental stage in the process of God's abstraction. As a matter of fact, this is a stage where the individual is not a prisoner of the authorities, he / she has conscious awareness on himself and he / she directs his/ her behaviors. Fromm's understanding of atheism is endowed with love and humanist values. In this context, he is considered a mystic atheist. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gazzillo, Francesco A1 - et al., T1 - Notes on some non-psychotic hypochondriacal states JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (No. 4, 2024), pp. 241-254. N2 - The aim of this paper is to propose a psychodynamic hypothesis based on control-mastery theory (CMT) about the self-punishment function of some non-psychotic hypochondriacal states. After a review of several major psychoanalytic hypotheses about hypochondria, we will show the main concepts of CMT, an integrative, relational, cognitive-dynamic theory of mental functioning, psychopathology, and therapeutic process that is the theoretical framework that has helped us understand and treat these states in our patients. We will then describe two clinical cases to show how some hypochondriacal states can be interpreted as self-punishments connected to three main kinds of guilt hypothesized by CMT: survivor guilt, burdening guilt, and separation/disloyalty guilt. Finally, we will discuss the implications of these hypotheses. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gea, Wasty P. A1 - et al., T1 - Memaknai Cinta Dalam Bingkai Erich Fromm Sebagai Refleksi Pada Fenomena Gray Divorce [Interpreting Love in the Frame of Erich Fromm as a Reflection on the Gray Divorce Phenomenon] JF - RISOMA – Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan, Vol. 2 (No. 2, 2024), pp. 9-20. [Online ISSN 3032-5218] [journal.appisi.or.id/index.php/risoma/article/view/58/83] [doi.org/10.62383/risoma.v2i2.58] N2 - Individualism and consumerist culture are inherent in the contemporary era, self-interest emerges. The meaning of love has been reduced, personal interests have become basic needs, this is fundamentally the root of the Gray Divorce phenomenon. In this research, researchers used qualitative and descriptive methods. Erich Fromm's perspective invites individuals who decide to choose Gray Divorce to turn over a new leaf and share love with others. Get out of the shackles of individualism and give love to those around you. When we give love, we also get love. N2 - Individualisme serta budaya konsumeristik melekat di era kontemporer, kepentingan diri menyembul keluar. Makna cinta telah tereduksi kepentingan pribadi yang menjadi kebutuhan mendasar, hal tersebut secara fundamental menjadi akar dari fenomena Gray Divorce. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dan deskriptif. Perspektif Erich Fromm mengajak individu yang memutuskan memilih Gray Divorce supaya membuka lembaran baru dan membagikan cinta bagi sesamanya. Keluar dari belenggu individualisme dan memberi cinta bagi orang sekitar. Ketika memberi cinta, diri kita sekaligus mendapatkan cinta. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Berkholz, Stefan T1 - Erich Fromm und die Liebe. Claudio Rizzello im Interview mit Rainer Funk T2 - Der Spiegel, Hamburg, 23. März 2025. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - García, Rogelio T1 - Review Fromm E.: The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness (1973a, Spanish) JF - El Ciervo: revista mensual de pensamiento y cultura, No. 260 (1975), pp. 24-25. [Print ISSN 0045-6896] N2 - El conocido psicoanalista y sociólogo Erich Fromm demuestra en su obra La anatomía de la destructividad humana, que la agresividad y crueldad humana no se deben a inclinaciones biológicas innatas, sino que son características esenciales de la existencia humana en lucha con el medio ambiente. Rogelio García Mateo explica y comenta en este trabajo los análisis de Fromm. Y1 - 1975 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Köpcke-Duttler, Arnold T1 - Über das Verhältnis Erich Fromm und Paolo Freire JF - Dialogische Erziehung. Zeitschrift zur Paolo Freire Pädagogik, Band 29, No. 1-2, 2025, pp. 16-22. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Lang, Hans-Joachim T1 - Wie Erich Fromm nach Tübingen kam. Hans-Joachim Lang im Gespräch mit Rainer Funk T2 - Schwäbisches Tagblatt, Tübingen, 24. Januar, 2015 Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gasiorowski, John T1 - Review Funk, R.: Erich Fromm: Mut zum Menschen (English translation): The Courage to Be Human JF - Bestseller, New York October 1982- Y1 - 1982 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gawlik, Adam T1 - Review Funk, R.: Ich und Wir, München (dtv), 2005: Zur Produktivität führen JF - ChefPosition, Bonn (Verlag für Deutsche Wirtschaft), August 2005, pp. 8f. Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göcen, Gülüşan T1 - Geçmişten Günümüze Kadın Tasavvurunun İnançla Birlikte Seyri: Freud, Jung ve Fromm’un Kadına Dair İzdüşümleri [The Journey of Woman Image with Faith From Past to Present: Freud, Jung and Fromm’s Projections Regarding Woman JF - Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi [Cumhuriyet Theology Journal], Vol. 23 (No. 3, 2019), pp. 1121-1141. [Online ISSN 2528-987X] [dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/887201] [doi.org/10.18505/cuid.547743] N2 - Bu makalenin amacı, genel yaklaşımla ilk dönemlerden bugüne kadın algısından başlayıp, günümüze ulaşmış psiko-sosyal birikimin modern psikolojinin önde gelen kuramcıları tarafından nasıl ele alındığını, onların kadın tanımlamalarına bu külliyatın nasıl yansıdığını ortaya koymaktır. Kadının tarih boyunca birincil kaynaktan değil, karşıya yansımalarından ele alındığı düşünülürse kadın anlatımlarının en köklü izlerinin sözlü kültür üzerinde bulunduğu ve yazılı metinlere uzanan kısımlarının da sembol, metafor, mazmun, hikaye üzerinden olduğu görülür. İlk insanlara dair sözlü ve kısmen yazılı kültür içinde olan mitler (hikâyeler), her ne kadar kutsal öyküler olsalar da insan tasavvuruna dair de veriler sunacaktır. Çünkü kısıtlı bir imkânla insanın sonsuzu anlama çabasından, tanrı/tanrıça ontolojilerinden daha çok insanın ne düşünüp ne hissettiği nasıl anlamlandırdığı anlaşılmaktadır. Buradan hareketle iki bölümden oluşacak makalemizde, evvela insan doğasına özgü bir semboller sistemi ve kültürel bir kod birikimi olarak bilinçte veya bilinçdışında etkinliğini sürdüren Tanrı tasavvuruna yansıtılanlar içinde özellikle tanrıça algısına değinilerek genel hatlarıyla mitoloji, psikoloji ile inanç dünyası üzerinden kadın tasavvuru betimsel bir üslup ile ele alınacaktır. İkinci bölümde ise bugünün insanbilimcileri tarafından kadını anlamaya dair tüm yazılı ve sözlü bilgilerin modern psikolojinin bakış açısı ile nasıl yorumlandığı Freud, Jung ve Fromm gibi kuramcılar özelinde detaylıca incelenecektir. Nihayetinde ise geçmiş ve geleceğin bilgi, deneyim ve duygularla aktif bir ilişki içinde olduğunun, kadın algısı ve yaklaşımının zamanlar içinde sürekli güncel kaldığı ve bu meselenin içinde mitoloji, psikoloji ve dinin de önemli faktörler olduğunun altı çizilmiş olacaktır. altı çizilmiş olacaktır. N2 - The aim of this article is to reveal with an overall approach, how the psycho-social background, starting from woman image in first periods and reach modern day, is embraced by outstanding theorists of modern psychology, and also how these collected works are reflected in their definitions of woman. If it is considered that woman has been discussed with reflections against and not from primary sources throughout history, it can be seen that the most essential roots of woman narrations can be found in oral culture and the parts of written texts are made over symbol, metaphor, proposition and story. However myths (stories) that take place in oral and partly written culture about primitive man, are sacred tales, they will also present data regarding human image. Therefore with a limited effort of human being to understand the infinite, it can be understood what human being think, feel and how they interpret rather than gods/goddesses ontology. From this point of view, this article that consists of two parts, first of all will mention especially about perception of Goddess in those reflected to image of God, maintaining its efficiency in conscious or unconscious as a system of symbols intrinsic to human nature and cultural code background and then the woman image will be roughly discussed with a descriptive style over the world of mythology, psychology and faith. In the second part, it will be examined in detail how all the written and oral information about understanding woman by modern anthropologists are interpreted with the perspective of modern psychology specific to theorists such as Freud, Jung and Fromm. Eventually, it will be emphasized that past and future are integrated with information, experience and feelings with an active relationship; perception and approach of woman have stayed up to date in time continually; mythology, psychology and religion are important factors within this matter. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goetzmann, Lutz A1 - et al., T1 - On the phenomenality of thought – the nature of thinking and the corresponding physical pathways JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 34 (No. 2, 2025), pp. 081-091. N2 - The article presents some ideas about the phenomenality of thoughts. We understand the phenomenal as the pure presence without symbolic (i.e., verbal) determination. In this respect, the phenomenal comprises the imaginary such as images, sounds, smells, tastes, touch and feelings as well as the felt atmosphere (i.e., one's feelings that fill a space beyond the boundary of the body). The phenomenal represents the earliest form of thinking. At this point, a distinction is made between matter (the biological side of thinking) and the ideal (the ideal side of the biological). The line between the two sides can only be conceptualized in an abstract and mathematical way (as a quantum structure). From this basic framework, philosophical and cultural references (e.g., to Nancy's ontology of the body and Claire Denis’ film work), as well as psychoanalytic references (e.g., to the function of the skin), are established. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gerson, Sam T1 - Affiliation vs. Alienation JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Vol. 34 (No. 3, 2024), pp. 280-287. [Online ISSN 1940-9222] [doi.org/10.1080/10481885.2024.2346513] N2 - Contemporary psychoanalytic thinking has been marked by a >social turn< – a shift in emphasis from internal and endogenous process to those that prioritize the social and political context in which psychological life is shaped. In this discussion of Rozmarin’s work, the concept of “belonging” is considered as a bridge between the individual and the community. The entities to which one belongs and the dynamics that underline the choices attendant to belonging are considered as constituents of both identity and unconscious processes. An individual’s unconscious is viewed as nested within the broader historical and social configurations of life and structured by these forces. Reference is made to the work of Erich Fromm and Erik Erikson as aides in understanding the power of the social to shape both identity formation and social affiliation. The dynamics of conflict between affiliation and alienation are considered as a constituent of contemporary movement toward authoritarian political structures. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gilbert-Sättele, Susanna T1 - Review Funk, R.: Ich und Wir, München (dtv), 2005: Allein in der Masse JF - Rhein-Neckar.Zeitung, Heidelberg 19. 11. 2005 Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gehlen, Anne T1 - Review Funk, R.: Erich Fromm: Mut zum Menschen: Fundiertes Erich Fromm Porträt JF - Feuilleton-Informations-Dienst, München 11. Juli 1978. Y1 - 1978 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gehlen, Anne T1 - Review Funk, R.: Erich Fromm: Mut zum Menschen: Suche nach dem Sinn JF - Saarbrücker Zeitung, 17. Juni 1978. Y1 - 1978 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goetschel, Willi T1 - Review Funk, R.: Erich Fromm: Mut zum Menschen JF - Jüdische Rundschau, No. 16 (19. April 1979), p. 13 Y1 - 1979 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gerle, Wolfgang T1 - Review Funk, R.: Erich Fromm: Mut zum Menschen JF - ORF Wien, Politik und Zeitgeschehen, 25. Juli 1978. Y1 - 1978 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gougoulis, Nicolas A1 - Driffield, Katryn T1 - An interview with Howard Levine T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (No. 4, 2024), pp. 270-277. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goldmann, L. T1 - (Socialism and Humanism, Hebrew) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), (Socialist Humanism. An International Symposium - Hebrew), Tel Aviv (Sifriat Poalim), 1967, pp. 044-053. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grammel, Soeren T1 - Wider die Normalisierung der Normalität. Laudatio für Hito Steyerl JF - Erich Fromm Stiftung (Ed.), 2025: Erich Fromm-Preis 2025 an Hito Steyerl. Die Beiträge der Preisverleihung, Neuhofen/Ybbs (Zeuys Books), 2025, pp. 27-45. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grammel, Soeren T1 - Wider die Normalisierung der Normalität. Laudatio für Hito Steyerl JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 088-096. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 4 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026g ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gonzalez-Torres, Miguel Angel T1 - Editorial: Psychoanalytic theories and techniques: Dialogue, difficulties and future, Part Two T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 34 (No. 1, 2025), pp. 001-002. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gronemeyer, Marianne T1 - Der Keim des Gesprächs. Erinnerungen an Erich Fromm zum 125. Geburtstag JF - Die junge Welt, Berlin 22.03.2025 (no. 69, 2025), p. 10. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gu, Xinyu T1 - Research on Fromm’s Thought of Emotional Alienation, Master thesis, Philosophy, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, China 2023. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Human mental health problems are often overlooked. However, with the continuous development of the economy, while the material needs are gradually satisfied, people are more and more concerned about their mental health. The more and more complex social conditions make people’s psychological problems become more and more obvious, forcing people to face psychological problems. Fromm’s thought of emotional alienation focuses on people’s survival from the level of emotional alienation, reveals the form, root and way of sublation of emotional alienation, analyzes that love for death, malignant narcissism and sympathic incest are three forms of emotional alienation, and points out that >social filter< represses people’s thoughts and emotions, forming >social unconscious<. And because of the contradiction inherent in human existence, that is, the >difference of human existence<, people have the problem of emotional alienation. Fromm’s thought of emotional alienation explains the impact of emotional alienation on human beings, emphasizes the importance of >psychological transformation<, and advocates the use of >human love<, >labor< and the establishment of >sound society< to realize the abandonment of emotional alienation, which gives us a new perspective to analyze human psychological problems. This paper starts with Fromm’s thought of alienation of emotion and analyzes the content of Fromm’s thought of alienation of emotion based on the background of the current times. The first part of the article, the introduction, describes the basis for the topic selection, research status at home and abroad, research methods and innovation points. Emotion is an important part of human beings and affects human behavior. Once alienated, emotion will become a force against and negate human beings, making human beings unable to develop freely and comprehensively. At present, there are few articles about the thought of emotional alienation in Marxist philosophy, especially in our country, which is an important section that needs to be expanded urgently. Starting from Fromm’s main idea, this paper studies the problem of human’s emotional alienation based on human’s survival predicament. The second part discusses the theoretical background of Fromm’s thought of alienation of emotion, including the background and basic frame of Fromm’s thought of anthropology, and the position of alienation of emotion in his thought of anthropology. The generation of his thoughts cannot be separated from the realistic basis and theoretical origin. Fromm’s own growth experience, his era background in capitalist society, his childhood loneliness, frequent wars and Nazism made him think about the contradictions of human behavior all the time, and as a representative of the >Freudian Marxism< of the Frankfurt School, he was always thinking about the contradictions of human behavior. Fromm’s thought of alienation of emotion is a synthesis of Freud’s theory and Marx’s theory. The third part analyzes the main content of Fromm’s thought of alienation of emotion, including the form, mechanism, result and sublation of Fromm’s thought of alienation of emotion. The paper points out that the three forms of alienation of emotion are death love, malignant narcissism and symplastic incest, and with the continuous suppression of human emotions, the expression of human alienation of emotion continues to develop toward malignant. Necrophilia, malignant narcissism, and symbiotic incest are not close to each other or destructive when they are not too severe, but the closer they are to each other when they tend to be malignant, the more serious the consequences are. The contradiction of man’s own existence and the contradiction between social structure, system and man result in the alienation of man’s emotion. Therefore, man and society are the breakthrough of the alienation of emotion. The fourth part is a systematic analysis of Fromm’s thought of alienation of emotion and the current reality. Fromm’s thought of alienation of emotion not only achieves the theoretical value of Marxism’s microcosm and the unity of the reality and the ought of human studies, but also makes us more based on the expression of human emotions. Pay more attention to the real needs of people, pay more attention to the practical significance of individual people. However, his thought of alienation of emotion also has certain limitations, too much emphasis on psychological factors, but did not go deep into the economic and class roots of human society to grasp the essence of human alienation, divorced from the actual social conditions, with a certain degree of utopianism. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Halton, Eugene T1 - Is God Sustainable? JF - Philosophies, Vol. 9, (No. 4, 2024), p. 93. [Online ISSN 2409-9287] [mdpi.com/2409-9287/9/4/93] [doi.org/10.3390/PHILOSOPHIES9040093] N2 - This essay approaches the >God is dead< theme by offering a new philosophical history addressing what would make belief in divinity, in God, sustainable and unsustainable. I claim that the death of nature and the death of God in the modern era are manifestations of a progressive distancing from a religious philosophy of the Earth that guided human development until the beginnings of civilization. I outline within the space limitations here a new way of looking at the rise of civilization and the modern era by re-evaluating large-scale epochal beliefs and assumptions of progress within a context of sustainable ends and what I have termed sustainable wisdom. From an original evolved outlook I call animate mind, rooted in a religious philosophy of the living Earth, succeeding contractions of anthropocentric mind and machine-centric mind have regressively disconnected from the community of life. This trajectory courses the disconnect from the livingness of things as defining cosmos, to that of machine-centric mind in the modern era, a devolutionary elevation of the feelingless machine, of deadness, of what Erich Fromm described as cultural necrophilia. I propose rebalancing these later contractions of anthropocentric and machine-centric mind with that deeper reality of animate mind, forged as the human evolutionary legacy still present in the human body-mind today. The renewed legacy of animate mind provides a key to what a sustainable God might mean. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hardeck, Jürgen T1 - Renaissance eines großen Humanisten. 125 Jahre Erich Fromm JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 108-118. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 6 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026i ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hardeck, Jürgen T1 - Begrüßung bei der Fromm Preisverleihung 2025 JF - Erich Fromm Stiftung (Ed.), 2025: Erich Fromm-Preis 2025 an Hito Steyerl. Die Beiträge der Preisverleihung, Neuhofen/Ybbs (Zeuys Books), 2025, pp. 15-25. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hardeck, Jürgen T1 - Begrüßung bei der Fromm Preisverleihung 2025 JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 083-087. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 5 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026f ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Han, Wei T1 - >The Truth of Life< and >The Throbbing of the Soul< – On Chen Zhongshi's Prose Creation [>生命的真实<与>心灵的悸动<——陈忠实散文创作论] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Contemporary Writers Review [当代作家评论], No. 4 (2016), pp. 81-87. N2 - 自从陈忠实1965年发表第一篇散文《夜过流沙河》以来,他结集出版的散文已达十余册。他在散文中讲述着他的生活、他的亲身体验,以自己深厚的艺术素养和舒缓的话语,叙述着他对生活的理解、对文学的热爱。诚如弗洛姆所言:>没有爱,人类一天也不能生存。<1对文学痴迷让陈忠实>每当在生活中受到冲击,有了颇以为新鲜的理解,感受到一种生活的哲理的时候,强烈的不可压抑的要求表现欲念,就会把以前曾经忍受过的痛 … N2 - Since Chen Zhongshi published his first prose >Crossing the Liusha River at Night< in 1965, he has published more than ten volumes of prose. In his prose, he tells about his life and his personal experience, and describes his understanding of life and his love for literature with his profound artistic accomplishment and soothing words. As Fromm said: >Without love, human beings cannot survive for a day.<1 The obsession with literature makes Chen Zhongshi >Whenever he is shocked in life, has a rather fresh understanding, and feels a philosophy of life, the strong and irrepressible desire to express himself will make the pain he has endured before ... [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - He, Lin A1 - Dong, Naigui T1 - A Collection of Essays that Fills the Gap in the Study of Marx’s Thought [一部填补马克思思想研究空白的论集] JF - Social Sciences in China [中国社会科学], No. 1 (1991), pp. 216-218. N2 - 马克思的晚年在理论上是个谜。许多研究者对他在这一时期没有著述感到困惑不解。马克思的反对者一般认为,青年时期是马克思一生理论创作的高峰,到了晚年,他那曾经汹涌澎湃的思想海洋已日渐干涸,所以,马克思不得不退出理论舞台。例如胡克、弗洛姆都持这种看法。而马克思的学生、战友及其后继者则用健康原因来解释马克思晚年理论上的这一现象。例如梅林就是这样。 N2 - Marx’s later years are a mystery in theory. Many researchers are puzzled by his lack of writings during this period. Marx’s opponents generally believe that his youth was the peak of his theoretical creation, and in his later years, his once surging ocean of thought had gradually dried up, so Marx had to withdraw from the theoretical stage. For example, Hook and Fromm both hold this view. Marx’s students, comrades-in-arms and successors use health reasons to explain this phenomenon in Marx’s later years. For example, Merlin is like this. [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 1991 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Heinze, Achim T1 - Von der Leistungs- zur Lotteriegesellschaft. Kapitalwirtschaft, Prekarisierung, Inflation und Burnout: Ein Leben für die Arbeit? , München (Rediroma), 2025, ca. 460 pp. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Häsler, Alfred A. T1 - Review Funk, R.: Erich Fromm. Bildmonographie: Mut zum Menschen JF - Die Weltwoche, Zürich, No. 45 (10. November 1983). Y1 - 1983 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hardeck, Jürgen T1 - Erich Fromm. Leben und Werk, Wiesbaden (S. Marix-Verlag), 2025, 400 S. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herrmann, Bernd T1 - Anmerkungen zu >Biophilia< oder Zwei Begriffe suchen einen Inhalt (mit einem Kommentar von Rainer Funk) JF - B. Herrmann: Nach-Gedachtes. Essays zu lebenswissenschaftlichen Themen, Wiesbaden (Springer Fachmedien) 2025, pp. 11-27 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-47723-3 Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffman, Edward T1 - How Would Alfred Adler View America’s Loneliness Epidemic? Reflections by His Biographer JF - The Journal of Individual Psychology, Vol. 80 (No. 4, Winter 2024), pp. 275-285. N2 - U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy (2023) has declared that America is experiencing an >epidemic< and >health-care crisis< related to loneliness. Although Alfred Adler is not alive to respond to this dismaying situation, his life and writings offer a vital direction for understanding the nature of this epidemic and reacting appropriately. As Adler’s biographer, I focus on four relevant causal factors concerning chronic loneliness among adolescents and young adults today: intrapsychic, familial, pedagogic, and wider societal forces. Relevant interventions are then discussed. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hu, Naizhi T1 - Study on the Alienation of Social Relations in Slavnikova's >2017< from the Perspective of Fromm's Alienation Theory [弗洛姆异化理论视阈下斯拉夫尼科娃《2017》社会关系异化研究], Master thesis, World Literature, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China 2024 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 奥尔嘉·亚历山德罗芙娜·斯拉夫尼科娃(ОльгаАлександровнаСлавникова,1957–)是当代俄罗斯文坛中著名的作家、评论家。她的长篇小说《2017》荣获2006年俄语布克奖,并获国家文学奖>巨著奖<提名。埃里希·弗洛姆(ЭрихФромм)结合个体化进程与社会历史发展来探究人类社会两难的生存处境,揭露个体的异化状态,逐渐形成了自己的异化理论。斯拉夫尼科娃的小说《2017》以其深刻的社会洞察力和对现实问题的关注,为我们呈现了一个真实而复杂的社会画卷。作者通过描写人与自我以及人与人之间的相互利用、冷漠和疏离,让我们更加深入地理解了现代社会中社会关系的脆弱和不稳定。这部小说不仅赢得了广大读者的赞誉,也为我们提供了深刻的思考和启示。可以说,弗洛姆的异化理论与斯拉夫尼科娃的小说主旨是高度契合的。他们都关注现代社会中人与自我、人与人之间关系的疏离,并试图通过各自的方式探讨异化形成的原因。因此本文运用弗洛姆的异化理论,从自我异化,人际关系的异化两方面去分析小说中的社会关系异化现象,并探讨社会关系异化现象的形成原因。最后归纳总结本文的研究意义。本文以斯拉夫尼科娃的小说《2017》为研究对象,由引言,三章正文和结语三个部分组成。引言介绍斯拉夫尼科娃生平及其创作,分类总结国内外对小说《2017》的研究概况,明确本文的研究方法和创新点。正文第一章是弗洛姆异化理论的概述,首先整体介绍了弗洛姆的异化理论,然后着重从自我异化、人际关系的异化两方面具体阐明了弗洛姆的社会关系异化理论,为后文的文本分析提供理论依据。正文第二章结合弗洛姆的异化理论,深入探讨了小说《2017》中的社会关系异化现象,分别对小说中出现的自我异化现象:情感异化和行为异化,以及人际关系异化现象:两性关系和亲子关系进行了分析论述。正文第三章从个人本身的孤独感以及传统家庭伦理的消解两方面对前文社会关系异化产生的原因进行了深刻剖析。结语部分基于第一章弗洛姆的异化理论,结合第二章对小说社会关系异化现象的分析以及第三章异化现象的形成原因,得出结论:斯拉夫尼科娃深刻反思了现代社会中人们的生活状态,并提醒我们关注自我真正的内心感受,避免因自我异化而陷入困境。同时,她也号召人们重新审视自己和他人的关系,回归真实的情感交流,建立健康、和谐的人际关系。 N2 - Olga Alexandrovna Slavnikova (Ольга Александровна Славникова, 1957–) is a famous writer and critic in contemporary Russian literature. Her novel >2017< won the 2006 Russian Booker Prize and was nomi¬nated for the >Great Book Award< of the National Literature Award. Erich Fromm (Erich Fromm) combined the process of individualization with the development of social history to explore the dilemma of human society, reveal the alienated state of individuals, and gradually formed his own alienation theory. Slav¬nikova's novel >2017< presents us with a real and complex social picture with its profound social insight and attention to real problems. By describing the mutual use, indifference and alienation between people and themselves and between people, the author makes us understand more deeply the fragility and instability of social relations in modern society. This novel has not only won the praise of readers, but also provided us with profound thinking and enlightenment. It can be said that Fromm's alienation theory is highly con¬sistent with the theme of Slavnikova's novel. They both focus on the alienation between people and them¬selves and between people in modern society, and try to explore the causes of alienation in their own ways. Therefore, this paper uses Fromm's alienation theory to analyze the alienation phenomenon of social relations in the novel from the two aspects of self-alienation and alienation of interpersonal relationships, and explores the causes of the alienation phenomenon of social relations. Finally, the research significance of this paper is summarized. This paper takes Slavnikova's novel >2017< as the research object, and consists of three parts: introduction, three chapters and conclusion. The introduction introduces Slavnikova's life and creation, classifies and summarizes the research overview of the novel >2017< at home and abroad, and clarifies the research methods and innovations of this paper. The first chapter of the text is an overview of Fromm's alienation theory. It first introduces Fromm's alienation theory as a whole, and then focuses on Fromm's social rela¬tionship alienation theory from the two aspects of self-alienation and interpersonal relationship alienation, providing a theoretical basis for the text analysis in the following text. The second chapter of the text combines Fromm's alienation theory to deeply explore the social relationship alienation phenomenon in the novel >2017<, and analyzes and discusses the self-alienation phenomenon in the novel: emotional aliena¬tion and behavioral alienation, and interpersonal relationship alienation phenomenon: gender relations and parent-child relations. The third chapter of the text deeply analyzes the causes of social relationship alienation in the previous text from the two aspects of personal loneliness and the dissolution of traditional family ethics. The conclusion is based on Fromm's alienation theory in the first chapter, combined with the analysis of the social relationship alienation phenomenon in the novel in the second chapter and the causes of the alienation phenomenon in the third chapter, and concludes that Slavnikova deeply reflects on the living conditions of people in modern society, and reminds us to pay attention to our true inner feelings and avoid falling into trouble due to self-alienation. At the same time, she also called on people to re-examine their relationships with others, return to real emotional exchanges, and establish healthy and harmonious interpersonal relationships. [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffman, Edward T1 - Age Segregation and the Need for Intergenerational Solidarity: A Call for Humanistic Psychology JF - Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 2025. N2 - This is a >reaction paper< to the seminal paper by Hagestad and Uhlenberg on the impact of age segregation on ageism. Drawing primarily on research in the United States and the Netherlands, they highlighted institutional, spatial, and cultural dimensions of age segregation throughout the individual’s life span. My >reaction paper< identifies how the three major founders of humanistic psychology—Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Rollo May— presciently addressed this topic from the life-affirming perspective of what I prefer to call intergenerational solidarity. Drawing on personal and clinical experience, each felt it essential that age segregation be decisively reversed in American society. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hong, Yongliang T1 - Annie Baker’s Representation and Perception of Isolation – >The Aliens<, >The Flick<, and >John<, Master thesis, World Literature, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 2024 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Annie Baker(1981 –), a contemporary American playwright, focuses on representing isolation in her plays. Particularly, >The Aliens<(2010), >The Flick<(2013), and >John<(2015) represent the existential isolation characterized by individuals’ separation from the world, and the interpersonal isolation characterized by isolation from other individuals. Through portraying characters’ endeavors to form genuine connections to cope with isolation, these three plays explore the possibility and challenges of responding to isolation, thereby reflecting Baker’s contemplation of the impact and causes of isolation as well as the possibility for people to cope with isolation. Accordingly, drawing on Erich Fromm’s and Irvin Yalom’s theoretical thoughts about isolation, this thesis examines Baker’s representation of isolation in >The Aliens<, >The Flick<, and >John< to elucidate her evolving perception of the issue of isolation from optimism to pessimism, The first chapter of this thesis provides an overview of the research, including an introduction to Annie Baker, literature review, research questions, thesis statement, theoretical framework, and research significance. Chapter two explores the representation of isolation in >The Aliens<. By depicting characters’ experience of existential isolation caused by their status of outsiders in society and their endeavors to address isolation through positive affirmation of status, creative art, and brotherly love, Baker expresses her optimistic belief in people’s possibility of confronting and coping with isolation. Chapter three unveils characters’ experience of isolation stemming from a lack of love in >The Flick<. Through presenting the progression of characters’ relationships and designing dramatic conflicts about egotistical interests, Baker expresses her mixed views on isolation, encapsulating both hope for genuine connections to cope with isolation, and doubt of its possibility because of the hindrance of egotism. Chapter four scrutinizes the representation of isolation in >John<. Through an exploration of the immature love exhibited by a couple, this chapter reveals their existential and interpersonal isolation, and implies that marital bonds perpetuated by >immature love< and patriarchal norms inexorably lead individuals to isolation with no apparent solution. The last chapter draws a conclusion based on the analysis from chapter two to four. This study argues that Baker’s representation of isolation indicates her evolving perception of isolation from optimism to pessimism, namely, from believing in the potential for people to establish genuine connections to doubting this possibility and contending that people are trapped in isolation without ways out. This change underscores Baker’s deepening insights into the nature of isolation intricately linked with social, economic, and cultural factors. The evolvement of Baker’s perception reflects her ongoing contemplation of this existential concern, highlighting the formidable challenges individuals face in establishing connections and coping with isolation. It also signals Baker’s poignant recognition of complexity and difficulty in addressing the profound challenge of isolation, which can inspire people to reflect on the ways of addressing isolation. [English: www.cnki.net] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hietalahti, Jarno T1 - Humanism contested: Four Frommian responses to feminist critique, antihumanism, posthumanism, and transhumanism - https://doi.org/10.1037/hum0000399 JF - The Humanist Psychologist (American Psychological Association - APA), Vol. 53 (2025), pp. 545-564. N2 - In this article, I will analyze how Erich Fromm’s humanism responds to the relatively recent criticism that humanism has faced. To accomplish this, I will address four challenges: antihumanism, transhumanism, posthumanism, and feminism. My main argument is that criticism of humanism in general can be countered using Fromm’s humanistic theories and ideals. I argue that humanism has been wrongly or inadequately accused of various horrors based on shallow premises and flawed arguments. Even when the criticism is valuable and challenges traditional humanism, Fromm’s interpretation of this philosophical tradition can address these accusations. The article’s main research question is how Fromm’s humanism overcomes the aforementioned forms of criticism. Additionally, are any of the critical accusations still relevant to Fromm’s writings? Most importantly, are there critical questions to which Fromm cannot respond? I will argue that, while Fromm’s personal opinions may have been problematic on certain issues, his theoretical framework is stronger. In the broader sense, his theories help us overcome issues that he may have personally neglected. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved) Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Herrmann, Bernd T1 - Nach-Gedachtes. Esseays zu lebenswissenschaftlichen Themen, Wiesbaden (Springer Fachmaedien) 2025, 116 pp. - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-47723-3 Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hermann, Dorothee T1 - Vertrauen statt Rivalität T2 - Schwäbisches Tagblatt, Tübingen, 2. Februar 2015 Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huotari, Teemu S. T1 - Sukupolvien välisestä oikeudenmukaisuudesta ympäristöeettisestä näkökulmasta, Licentiate thesis, Department of Philosophy, Political History and Political Science Philosophy, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 2024, 95 pp., Finnish. N2 - Tämän tutkielmani keskeisimpänä lähtökohtana on kysymys, onko mahdollista ajatella olevan oikeudenmukaista suhdetta eri sukupolvien välillä. Erityisen mielenkiintoinen on edellä mainittuun suhteeseen liittyen ajatus vastavuoroisuudesta meidän ja tulevaisuudessa elävien ihmisyhteisöjen ja myös eri aikoina elävien ihmisyksilöiden keskuudessa. Intuitiivisesti ajatellen on usein todettu, että tuollainen vastavuoroisuus olisi käytännössä mahdotonta, koska tuollaiset tulevaisuudessa elävät ihmiset eivät ole vielä de facto olemassa. Kuitenkin tälle päättelylle on mahdollista esittää vastaväitteitä, koska saman aikaisesti on olemassa elossa eri sukupolviin kuuluvia ihmisiä, jotka voivat saattaa toistensa aikaisempia toimia joko kunniaan tai vaihtoehtoisesti tuomita niitä omana elinaikanaan. Tutkielmassani erityisenä näkökulmana on ajatus ihmisten ja muun luonnon välisestä kestävästä ympäristösuhteesta. Kysyn esimerkiksi, onko meillä oikeutta riistää tulevilta sukupolvilta mahdollisuutta kokea luonnonympäristöä edes samalla tavoin, kuin nykysukupolville on mahdollista. Esittelen myös erilaisia historiamme aikana esiintyneitä luontokäsityksiä. Yksi mielenkiintoinen kokonaisuus käsittelee ajatusta luonnosta vieraantumisesta. Tämä ko konaisuus liittyy erityisesti Karl Marxin ja myös Immanuel Kantin käsityksiin. Lisäksi esittelen myös tärkeää jakoa ihmis- ja luontokeskeisiin käsityksiin sukupolvien välisestä oikeudenmukaisuudesta. Tutkielmani loppupuolella tarkastelen myös käytännöllisiä kysymyksiä kestävästä ympäristösuhteesta, maapallon kantokyvystä ja ruokataloudesta. Osansa saa myös kysymys veden käyttöön ja kulutukseen liittyvistä eettisistä kysymyksistä. Ei ole niinkään yksiselitteistä miten pitäisi ajatella esimerkiksi puhtaan juomaveden riittämisestä koko ihmiskuntaa ajatellen. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivković, Petra T1 - Religija i društvo: Kršćanstvo u suvremenoj kulturi [Religion and Society: Christianity in Contemporary Culture], Master's thesis, Academy of Arts and Culture in Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia 2023, 55 + 7 pp., Croatian. N2 - Koncept religije stoljećima je predmet proučavanja u prirodnim i društvenim znanostima. Religija se može tumačiti kao fenomen koji djeluje u svim sferama ljudskog života te kao društvena pojava koja ostavlja dubok trag na razvoj kulture. Ona oblikuje moralna uvjerenja i određuje načine ponašanja, zbog čega se promatra kao vrlo složen pojam koji se može definirati na bezbroj načina, ovisno o funkciji i ulozi. U ovom diplomskom radu na jednostavan se i sažet način nastoje prikazati pojmovi bitni za sam koncept religije. Prikazane su različite definicije pojma koje ovise o pristupu istraživanja, a posebno su istaknuta područja sociologije i psihologije religija. Rad ukratko obrađuje teorije nastanka i razvoja religije te temeljne elemente usko vezane za nju. Kraj rada donosi zaključna promišljanjima o kršćanstvu koje se našlo u vrtlogu suvremenog svijeta i doba sekularizacije. N2 - The concept of religion has been a subject of study in the natural sciences and social sciences for centuries. Religion is considered a phenomenon that influences all spheres of human life. As a social phenomenon that strongly affects the development of culture, thinking, and behavior, it is considered a necessary element of human existence. Religion is quite a complex term that can be defined in numerous ways, depending on the function and observed role. This final paper aims to present plainly and concisely all that is essentially related to the very concept of religion. Different definitions of the mentioned term are shown, depending on the research approach, with special remarks on the areas of sociology and psychology of religions. The paper summarizes theories of the conception and development of religion along with fundamental terms closely related to it. In conclusion, the thesis reflects on Christianity, which has found itself in the whirlpool of the modern world and the age of secularization. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ihanus, Juhani T1 - Martti Siirala and Gaetano Benedetti – Friends in the dialogical and psychotherapeutic sharing of burdens JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (No. 3, 2024), pp. 152-162. N2 - This article explores the dialogical collaboration and friendship between Martti Siirala and Gaetano Benedetti, particularly in the development of the psychotherapy of schizophrenia and the human psychotherapeutic attitude toward carrying and sharing burdens. Siirala and Benedetti outlined a psychotherapy that considers existential and philosophical dimensions alongside the clinical aspects of illness, without being bound by schools of thought, authorities, or doctrinal systems. The main material in the article is based on documents from the Martti Siirala archive, the most important of which is the German-language correspondence between Siirala and Benedetti after Siirala moved back to Finland from Switzerland at the end of 1957. Benedetti’s activities in Basel are also illuminated by descriptions sent to Siirala by nurse Aino Kärkkäinen of her experiences in Switzerland in the late 1950s. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Howell, Matt E. A1 - Howell, Kerry E. T1 - Notions of safety: observing cultural perspectives in a homeless youth hostel JF - Culture and Organization, Vol. 31 (No. 3, 2025), pp. 253-269. [Online ISSN 1477-2760] N2 - The preservation of a person’s ontological security plays a vital role in the cultural formation of social groups. Using ethnographic data, the following paper demonstrates how young people, who reside in homeless hostels deal with feelings of anxiety and ontological insecurity. The paper argues that within the institutional setting of a homeless youth hostel, norms and values from outside of the hostel are reproduced by residents, to repair their ontological security. Younger residents become confronted with new levels of independence and freedom, which can prompt anxiety, negatively impacting upon their ontological security. It is contended that, to repair ontological security, and counter anxiety, those from similar cultural backgrounds gravitate toward one another and replicate the cultural norms and values to which they are accustomed. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ibrahim, Ghabriel T1 - O amor como caminho: uma ética do amor como prática interrelacional dissidente [Love as a path: an ethics of love as a dissident interrelational practice] [El amor como camino: una ética del amor como práctica interrelacional disidente] JF - Revista de estudos indisciplinares em gêneros e sexualidades (Salvador), No. 21, Jan. – Jul. 2025, pp. 488-505. [Online ISSN 2358-0844] [periodicos.ufba.br/index.php/revistaperiodicus/article/view/58784/36952] [doi.org/10.9771/peri.v1i21.58784] N2 - O artigo visa discutir a importância de uma ética baseada numa perspectiva específica de amor como central para uma prática não monogâmica capaz de desafiar a ordem patriarcal com a qual se relaciona. O argumento passa por classificar o capitalismo como um sistema profundamente antiamoroso, a partir da crítica da economia política marxista. Compreendendo que o patriarcado se institui antes da consolidação do capitalismo, a relação conflituosa que estabelece com amor romântico será discutida trazendo à baila duas obras de literatura, mais especificamente dois romances de Machado de Assis, em que a tríade amor-casamento-ciúme surge como problema que, ao fim, produz impasses e desencontros. A permanência da contradição ao longo dos séculos instará a defesa de uma necessidade de pensar o amor como ação. N2 - The article aims to discuss the importance of an ethics based on a specific view of love as integral for a non monogamic practice that aspires to be able to challenge the patriarchal order to which it relates. The core argument centers in classifying capitalism as a deeply anti-amorous system through the Marxist critique of political economy. Noting that patriarchy is instituted before the consolidation of capitalism, the conflituous relation that it establishes with romantic love shall be discussed by analyzing two pieces of literature, more specifically novels by Machado de Assis in which the triad love-marriage-jealousy emerges as a problem that, by the end, produces impasses and disagreements. The persistence of this contradiction over the course of centuries will drive the defense of the need to think love as an action. N2 - El artículo tiene como objetivo discutir la importancia de una ética basada en una perspectiva específica del amor como central de una práctica no monógama capaz de desafiar el orden patriarcal con el que se relaciona. El argumento implica clasificar el capitalismo como un sistema profundamente antiamor basado en una crítica de la economía política marxista. Entendiendo que el patriarcado se estableció antes de la consolidación del capitalismo, se discutirá la relación conflictiva que establece con el amor romántico, sacando a la luz dos obras de literatura, más específicamente dos novelas de Machado de Assis, en las que la tríada amor-celos-matrimonio emerge como un problema que termina por producir impasses y desacuerdos. La persistencia de las contradicciones a lo largo de los siglos impulsará la defensa de la necesidad de pensar el amor como acción. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jacobsen, Kurt T1 - Shrinking Vistas: Critical Theory, Psychoanalysis, and the Postmodern Mire JF - Critical Theory and Psychoanalysis. From the Frankfurt School to Contemporary Critique, London and New York (Routledge) 2022, pp. 247-263. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jecker, Evelina T1 - Das Orban Phänomen JF - Y – Zeitschrift für atopisches Denken, 2025, Nr. 6. – https://www.y-zeitschrift.de/tribuene /211-jecker-2025-06 Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Lin A1 - Wu, Delu T1 - A Study on the Spiritual Ecological Aesthetics in >The Search for Self< [《自我的追寻》中的精神生态美学研究] JF - JinGu Creative Literature [今古文创], No. 40 (2024), pp. 70-73. N2 - 自我的追寻》是著名心理学家弗洛姆从事精神分析工作的结晶,他敏锐地感知到了现代人的精神危机,并将其投射在《自我的追寻》中。本文基于精神生态美学理论,探究现代人精神困惑的症结,以及社会的病态与原因,呼吁在爱的力量和人际关系中追寻自我与>诗意栖居<;鼓励人们认清自我,努力成为真正自我的本体,摆脱人为痛苦的桎梏,培养健康积极的精神生态,从而追寻真正的幸福。《自我的追寻》具有深厚的现实意义,即使在当下它也能够紧扣时代主题。弗洛姆驱策世人去寻找解决方法,摆脱精神的枷锁,追寻内心的自我,走入精神生态美学中寻找自我定位。 N2 - >The Search for Self< is the result of the famous psychologist Erich Fromm's psychoanalytic work. He keenly perceived the spiritual crisis of modern people and projected it into >The Search for Self<. Based on the theory of spiritual ecological aesthetics, this paper explores the crux of modern people's spiritual confusion, as well as the pathology and causes of society, and calls for the pursuit of self and >poetic dwelling< in the power of love and interpersonal relationships; encourages people to recognize themselves, strive to become the true self, get rid of the shackles of artificial pain, cultivate a healthy and positive spiritual ecology, and thus pursue true happiness. >The Search for Self< has profound practical significance, and even at present it can closely follow the theme of the times. Fromm urged the world to find solutions, get rid of the shackles of the spirit, pursue the inner self, and find self-positioning in the spiritual ecological aesthetics. [Translation: www.google translator, 12/2024] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Johach, Helmut T1 - Erich Fromm über Frieden und Krieg. Beiträge zur Friedenspolitik JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 30 / 2026, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 147-165. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - 7 Y1 - 2026 VL - d30/2026l ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jimenez, Luis T1 - The relevance of Erich Fromm’s social character and Bourdieu’s habitus in psychosocial research on gendered work and community after de-industrialisation JF - Journal of Psychosocial Studies, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 251-265; DOI: 10.1332/14786737Y2024D000000035 N2 - This article draws attention to Erich Fromm’s concept of social character alongside Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of habitus to broaden our understanding of the legacy of neoliberalism within the context of the massive job redundancies taking place in the steel industry in the UK. This includes secondary analysis of my own earlier research on the psychosocial ramifications of the loss of stable work, changing worker-gendered identities, disrupted affect, community engagement and historical memory within a global context of insecure labour (Walkerdine and Jimenez, 2012). Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jiang, Shuhan T1 - A Study of the Interpersonal Ethic in Graham Swift’s Literary Works, Doctoral dissertation, World Literature, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Graham Colin Swift is regarded as one of the most outstanding writers in Britain. As the winner of Booker Prize in 1996, his works are based on the national history, social culture and natural geography of England, and he applies multiple narrative strategies which combine characterization, social background and historical events skillfully. In each of his literary works, Swift concentrates on describing and clarifying the ethical dilemma which is confronted by the protagonist who is interwoven in historical, political, cultural and economic factors. Swift has been focusing on the social problems in his literary creation for more than 40 years, and he has realized that the problems in interpersonal ethics are one of the main reasons for the intensification of social conflicts in England. Through the research, we can conclude that family, neighbor and gender constitute three levels of the ethical conflicts in Swift’s fictions. Through keen observation, Swift discerns the crux of the interpersonal ethics crisis in western society nowadays, which is the absence of love. According to the theory of Erich Fromm’s humanistic philosophy, Feuerbach’s humanistic thought, and Marx’s and Engels’ discourses on family, this thesis lucubrates on the interpersonal ethics in Swift’s literary works, and focuses on exploring and explaining the interpersonal ethical view which represents in his fictions. In addition to the Introduction, this thesis is composed of four chapters. The first chapter focuses on The Sweet-Shop Owner and Tomorrow, which reveals the abnormal ethical images of British families, such as generation gap, patriarchy, sibling mutilations and domestic violence. The second chapter focuses on Shuttlecock and Here We Are, which uncovers the strange ethical phenomena of neighbors in four aspects, such as exploited and betrayal friendship, tense teacher-student relationship, unjust superior-subordinate relationship and ruthless doctor-patient relationship. The third chapter focuses on >Waterland< and >Wish You Were Here<, which exposes the ethical chaos of the sexual relationship, such as loveless marriage, extramarital affairs, incest and commercial sex. The fourth chapter focuses on >The Light of Day< and [the short story] >Gabor<, which represents the writer’s reflection on interpersonal relationships and the exploration of achieving ethical harmony. Swift concerns himself with interpersonal ethics and sets >love thought< in all his fictions, even though consumerism has been long widespread and interpersonal relations are cold and alienated. Swift’s works reflect the universality of ethical issues which exist between families, neighbors and genders. Generation gap and patriarchy are common in the family. Sibling estranged and harmed mutually, and domestic violence also happen frequently. The neighbor relations in the commodity society are composed by betrayal and treachery friendship, unfair and injustice superior-subordinate relationship, non-communicated tea¬cher-student relationship and ruthless doctor-patient relationship. There are discordant couples in typical loveless marriages in capitalist society, not only immoral extramarital affair, but also tragedy of incest that breaks through ethical taboos. With the emergence of liberal feminism and sexual liberation movement, female’s flesh is commercialized for trading under the influence of consumerism. All the ethical problems which make people puzzled are caused by the absence and alienation of >love<. Except demonstrating the >loveless< interpersonal relationships, several positive models are present in Swift’s fictions, too. At the same time, Swift makes moral reflection on the problem of interpersonal relationship, and actively explores the feasibility of reconstructing benign interpersonal relationship in his works. Interpersonal ethical thought is the creation core of Graham Swift’s literary works. As a contemporary British writer, he undertakes the moral responsibility and historical mission. He not only exposes the interpersonal ethical problems, but also presents the diversified ethical choice, and his ultimate purpose is to explore how love constructs a harmonious interpersonal ethical order. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2025] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jian, Xuejiao T1 - On the Loneliness Writing in >Nine Stories<, Master thesis, World Literature, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China 2024 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Jerome David Salinger(1919–2010)is a highly influential writer in post-World War II America, and his writings and philosophies greatly influenced American literature and society. Published in 1953, >Nine Stories< is Salinger’s sole compilation of short stories. Each story was released around the same time as >The Catcher in the Rye<, showcasing Salinger’s peak of creativity. In >Nine Stories<, Salinger portrays the post-World War II loneliness experienced by individuals, which reflects Salinger’s contemplation on the human psyche, giving >Nine Stories< a distinctive significance. However, a limited amount of research has been done by domestic scholars on >Nine Stories<. Most concentrate on analyzing one specific story rather than conducting comprehensive studies. Current research primarily centers on character alienation and mental trauma, with a minimal exploration of the theme of loneliness among the protagonists. This gap leaves room for further examination in this thesis. This thesis primarily examines the writing of loneliness depicted in >Nine Stories< in the following three aspects through the lens of Fromm and Rollo May’s loneliness theory, Fromm’s theory of love, and Zen Buddhism. Through his portrayal of the pervasive loneliness, Salinger explores how the characters in the stories confront loneliness and ultimately come to terms with and embrace it. The first chapter delves into the ubiquity of loneliness. Firstly, some characters face barriers in connecting with others due to a lack of empathy, resulting in >mirror contact< and silence in communication, ultimately leading to a sense of mental loneliness. Secondly, the sour love, alienated kinship, and insincere friendship also contribute to emotional loneliness among the characters. Lastly, feelings of >existential loneliness< arise from a lack of personal security, blurred identities, and a perception of life’s nothingness. Through exploring the roots and manifestations of loneliness, this chapter posits that loneliness permeates the stories. The second chapter examines the protagonists’ struggle with loneliness through self-abandonment. Initially, they adopt a >formulaic< and >radar-type< persona to assimilate themselves to combat loneliness. Subse¬quently, they confront loneliness by distorting themselves by forming masochistic dependencies on others and achieving sadistic associations with others. Ultimately, they dissolve their preoccupation with loneliness through self-paralysis and self-destruction, attempting to fight loneliness in this way. The chapter concludes that sacrificing one’s identity to combat loneliness ultimately leads to increased misery and loneliness, suggesting that this approach is short-lived and ineffective. In the third chapter, unlike some protagonists, who fight loneliness with >self-abandonment<, others coexist with loneliness through sincere love and self-improvement. On the one hand, people correctly understand loneliness by caring for and understanding each other, diluting the feeling of loneliness through mutual respect and tolerance, and giving themselves and others the courage to accept loneliness through the power of love and sincerity. On the other hand, people coexist with loneliness by accepting their true selves and contemplating loneliness from a Zen perspective. By arguing that coexistence with loneliness ends in empowering, this chapter argues that embracing love and accepting one’s true self can reconcile with loneliness and no longer be distracted by loneliness. Through the analysis of the preceding chapters, this thesis concludes that Salinger’s portrayal of loneliness in >Nine Stories< vividly illustrates the predicament of the characters and their ongoing struggle against loneliness. Furthermore, it suggests that the most effective approach to overcoming loneliness is embracing and coming to terms with it through genuine love. >Nine Stories< mirrors Salinger’s personal experiences with loneliness and serves as a commentary on the spiritual crisis in reality. It urges readers to address their loneliness constructively. Salinger’s contemplation on loneliness imbues >Nine Stories< with depth and offers potential solutions for those grappling with loneliness. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2025] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ji, Shangkun T1 - A Study of Caldwell’s Alienation in >The Centaur<, Master thesis, World Literature, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China 2024 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] John Updike (1932–2009) one of the most famous contemporary American realist writers, was born in Pennsylvania, USA, and graduated from Harvard University. Updike began his writing career in 1958. During his writing career, Updike was awarded two Pulitzer Prizes and two O. Henry Prizes, and he achie¬ved outstanding accomplishments in the field of literary creation. Updike’s literary works are concerned with the fate of people from all classes, especially the ordinary people. Updike believes that the situation of the ordinary people is a reflection of social reality. >The Centaur< is a novel with an ordinary individual as the protagonist. >The Centaur< is Updike’s third work. It was published in 1963 and won the American National Book Award. The novel mainly portrays the protagonist George Caldwell’s process of struggling with life’s dilemma. In The Centaur, Caldwell faces a dilemma of both material and spirit. However, Caldwell does not despair but works hard to change himself, and successfully overcomes alienation. The title of the novel >The Centaur< is a tribute to Caldwell by Updike. Updike uses the story that Centaur sacrifices himself in Greek mythology as a metaphor, and regards the ordinary people who overcome difficulties in modern society as heroes. This thesis is divided into five parts. The introduction provides an overview of John Updike’s life, domestic and foreign research status of >The Centaur< and the theory of alienation. Chapter one interprets the alienation behavior of the protagonist Caldwell in the novel >The Centaur<. Facing the reality that he is powerless to change, Caldwell suppresses his pain, which leads him to a somatization disorder and also causes him to escape reality through fantasy. In addition, Caldwell is anxious about his value as a father and as a husband. As a teacher, Caldwell is negative to students, indifferent to colleagues and he is fearful of the principal’s authority. He is unable to handle difficult situations that arise at work. Chapter two elaborates the causes of Caldwell’s alienation based on Fromm’s alienation theory. The Caldwell’s self-alienation is embodied by his sense of powerlessness, which comes from his loss of identity. In the family relationship, Caldwell’s alienation is manifested as his anxieties about his own value resulting from his negligence of productive love. In social relations, Caldwell’s alienation is the embodied by his loss of rationality, which is caused by his confusion about the frame of devotion and orientation. Chapter three explains Caldwell’s methods to overcome alienation. In the process of struggling against alienation, Caldwell gradually discovers his own strength and learns to accept support of others. By assuming social responsibility and facing reality, he reconstructs a sense of identity. By changing his way of interacting with others, Caldwell no longer feels anxious about materialistic values. He finds his own worth and fills the emptiness within himself. Finally, this thesis draws a conclusion that Caldwell successfully overcomes alienation by reconstructing his identity cognition, improving his relationship with others and finding the meaning of existence. Caldwell’s struggles against alienation are of reference significance to modern people’s struggle against alienation. By establishing the values and actively using rational and productive love, modern people can effectively overcome alienation. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2024] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ji, Anqing T1 - Comprehensive Understanding, Drawing Inferences from one Example – Taking the Teaching of >Chen Qing Biao< as an Example [会通奥窔,举一反三——以《陈情表》的教学为例] JF - Fujian Education [福建教育], No. 24, 2016, pp. 34-36. N2 - 阅读与写作中的>会通<,古今中外的学者都非常看重。刘勰在《文心雕龙》>物色<篇中说:>古来辞人,异代接武,莫不参伍以相变,因革以为功,物色尽而情有馀者,晓会通也。<清人陆以湉在《冷庐杂识·为学之道》中也说:>读古人书,就其篇中最胜处记之,久乃会通。<无独有偶,美国社会心理学家弗洛姆提出过两种学习知识的方式:一为占有式——>to have<,将所读所闻悉数记住;二为存在式——>to be<,彻底消化,学以致用,实现存在的目的。两相比较,他更欣赏>to be<,而这种 … N2 - The >comprehensive understanding< in reading and writing is highly valued by scholars from ancient times to the present, both in China and abroad. Liu Xie said in the chapter >Objects< of >Wen Xin Diao Long<: >Since ancient times, poets of different generations have all combined and combined to change each other, and achieved success through reform. Those who have exhausted all objects and still have feelings left are those who understand and comprehend.< Lu Yitian of the Qing Dynasty also said in >Leng Lu Miscellaneous Notes<: >The Way of Learning<: >When reading ancient books, remember the best parts of their articles, and you will understand them after a long time.< Coincidentally, American social psychologist Erich Fromm proposed two ways of learning knowledge: one is the possessive method – >to have<, remembering everything you read and hear; the other is the existential method – >to be<, digesting thoroughly, applying what you have learned, and realizing the purpose of existence. Comparing the two, he appreciates >to be< more, and this method … [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jiang, Li A1 - Wang, Jinlong T1 - Alienation and Dissolution: The Fate Symphony of Katie Finn in >The Painted Veil< under Fromm’s Alienation Theory [异化与消解:弗洛姆异化理论下《面纱》中凯蒂·费恩的命运交响] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Masterpieces Review [名作欣赏], No. 8 (2025), pp. 63-65. N2 - 本文探讨了《面纱》中凯蒂·费恩对异化的消解及自我重生。基于弗洛姆的异化理论,本文通过对凯蒂心灵成长与道德觉醒的分析,揭示了个体在异化的社会中如何寻找自我认同,获得精神独立,并通过对他人的关爱与责任的承担,完成自我成长。凯蒂的成长历程,不仅是对个体异化现象的深刻反思,也为现代社会中个体如何在社会关系中实现自我提供了有益启示。 N2 - This paper explores Katie Finn’s dissolution of alienation and self-rebirth in >The Painted Veil<. Based on Fromm’s alienation theory, this paper analyzes Katie’s spiritual growth and moral awakening, and reveals how individuals can find self-identity and gain spiritual independence in an alienated society, and complete self-growth through caring for others and taking responsibility. Katie’s growth process is not only a profound reflection on the phenomenon of individual alienation, but also provides useful inspiration for how individuals in modern society can realize themselves in social relations. [Translation: www.google translator, 3/2025] Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Karbowski, Mariusz G. T1 - Proces migracji w kontekście resentymentu [Migration Process in the Context of Ressentiment] JF - Edukacja Kultura Społeczeństwo, Rocznik V (2024), pp. 143-159. [Online ISSN 3048-4278] [repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication/151227] [doi.org/10.34616/eks.2024.5.143.159] N2 - Autor przedstawia nowe spojrzenie psychologiczne na proces migracji w świetle resentymentu, ukazując jego związek z konsekwencjami emocjonalnymi i spo- łeczno-kulturowymi wiążącymi się ze zmianą miejsca zamieszkania. Definiuje sferę zain- teresowań obejmującą negatywne emocje, takie jak nienawiść, złośliwość, zazdrość, za- wiść i złość, ujawniające się w kontekście migracji. Jednocześnie zwraca uwagę na to, że istnieje możliwość pozytywnego wpływu na społeczeństwo poprzez integrację w procesie akulturacji jednostki. Odwołując się do stanowiska Johna Berry’ego, przedstawia strate- gie migracyjne, które wynikają z różnych sposobów radzenia sobie z fundamentalnymi kwestiami, z jakimi ludzie stykają się w dążeniu do zachowania swojej kultury i osobistej tożsamości, będąc jednocześnie dotkniętymi resentymentem. N2 - The author presents a new psychological view on the migration process in the light of ressentiment, showing the relationship of the latter to the emotional, socio-cultural and other effects associated with the change of residence. He defines the sphere of interest concerning negative emotions such as hatred, malice, jealousy, envy and anger in a cultural context. At the same time, he points out that there is the possibility of a positive impact on society through integration in the process of acculturation of the individual. Referring to John W. Berry’s position, he presents migration strategies resulting from different ways of dealing with fundamental issues that people face in their quest to preserve their culture and personal identity, while being affected by ressentiment. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jug, Barbara T1 - Biofilija-urođena upućenost djece na ostale žive vrste u njihovu mikrokozmosu [Biofilia – innate inclination of children towards other living species in their microcosm], Master's thesis, Department of Teacher Education, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia 2023, 44 + 7 pp., Croatian. N2 - Biofilija se definira kao ljubav prema prirodi i svemu što je živo, a upravo djeca imaju urođenu sklonost istraživanja i otkrivanja prirode. Međutim, zbog suvremenog načina života, djeca provode sve manje vremena u prirodi. U radu je prikazana usporedba urbanih i ruralnih područja na temelju povezanosti djece s prirodom. Odnos prema prirodi i životinjama (koje su dio prirode) mijenja se s obzirom na dob djeteta jer prilikom sazrijevanja i odrastanja djeca postaju svjesnija važnosti očuvanja prirode i brige za životinje. Boravak u prirodi poboljšava dječji razvoj te utječe na razvoj prirodne inteligencije. Nadalje, u radu je istraženo koliko su djeca povezana s prirodom te se ta povezanost uspoređivala u ruralnom (OŠ Ivana Perkovca u Šenkovcu) i urbanom području (OŠ Pavleka Miškine). Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 65 učenika trećih i četvrtih razreda obiju škola. Prema rezultatima se može zaključiti kako učenici iz ruralnog područja pokazuju veću povezanost s prirodom od učenika iz urbanog područja. Budući da se ova tema u Republici Hrvatskoj nije pretjerano istraživala, ovi rezultati mogu poslužiti kao temelj za daljnja istraživanja na značajno većem broju ispitanika. N2 - Biophilia is defined as the love for nature and all living things. Although children in particular have an innate inclination for exploring and discovering nature, they are limited by various influences. That’s why children in the modern era are spending less and less time in nature. The paper presents a comparison of urban and rural areas regarding the connection of children with nature. The attitude towards nature and animals as part of nature changes according to a child's age; as children mature and grow, they become more aware of the importance of nature and care for animals. Spending time in nature enhances child's development and influences the development of natural intelligence. Furthermore, the paper explores the extent to which children are connected with nature and compares this connection with respect to rural (Ivan Perkovec Elementary School in Šenkovec) and urban areas (Pavleka Miškina Elementary School). The research was conducted on a sample of 65 students from the third and fourth grades of both schools. According to the results, students from the rural area show a stronger connection with nature compared to students from the urban area. These results can serve as an example for further studies with a significantly larger number of participants, considering that this topic has not been extensively researched in the Republic of Croatia. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kayacan, Kübra Nur A1 - Doğan, Mebrure T1 - Varoluşsal kaygı ile dindarlık arasındaki ilişkiler: Nicel bir araştırma [The Relationship Between Existential Anxiety and Religiosity: A Quantitative Research] JF - Pamukkale Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi [Pamukkale University Journal of Divinity Faculty], Vol. 12 (No. 1, 2025), pp. 297-334. [Online ISSN 2148-4899] [dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4689816] [doi.org/10.17859/pauifd.1657651] N2 - İnsan var olduğu günden beri varoluşsal sorularına cevap arar ve varoluşsal kaygılarıyla başa çıkmaya çalışır. Dinler ise insanın varoluşsal sorularına oldukça tatmin edici cevaplar sunar. Araştırmanın amacı varoluşsal kaygı ve dindarlık arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. İlişkisel tarama yönteminin kullanıldığı araştırma nicel desenli ve kesitseldir. Araştırmanın örneklemi rastgele örnekleme yoluyla seçilen 15-65+ 467 bireydir. Verilerin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Ok-Dini Tutum ve Varoluşsal Kaygı ölçekleri; analizinde SPSS 28.0 kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada varoluşsal kaygı toplam, anlamsızlık, ölüm, yalnızlık, özgürlük kaygısı alt boyutu ve dini tutum puanlarının bazısında demografik değişkenlere göre anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Korelasyon analizine göre dini tutum ile varoluşsal kaygı arasındaki ilişki negatif yönlü anlamlıdır. Regresyon analizine göre ölüm kaygısı, yalnızlık kaygısı ve anlamsızlık kaygısı, dini tutum düzeylerini negatif yönde anlamlı derecede yordamaktadır. Ancak özgürlük kaygısı anlamlı bir yordayıcı değildir. Dini tutum puanlarının %25.7’sinin varoluşsal kaygının boyutlarıyla açıklandığı araştırmada dini tutum düzeylerini en çok etkileyen değişkenler sırasıyla anlamsızlık kaygısı, yalnızlık kaygısı ve ölüm kaygısıdır. N2 - This study aims to examine the relationship between existential anxiety and religiosity. Employing a relational survey model, the research follows a quantitative and cross- sectional design. The sample consists of 467 individuals aged 15-65+, selected through random sampling. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Ok-Religious Attitude and the Existential Anxiety Scales, and analyzed with SPSS 28.0. Significant differences in total existential anxiety, its subdimensions meaninglessness, eath, loneliness, and freedom anxiety, and religious attitude scores were found based on demographic variables. Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between religious attitude and existential anxiety. According to regression analysis, death anxiety, loneliness anxiety, and meaninglessness anxiety significantly predicted religiosity levels negatively, whereas freedom anxiety was not a significant predictor. The study found that 25.7% of the variance in religious attitude scores could be explained by existential anxiety dimensions, with the strongest predictors being meaninglessness anxiety, loneliness anxiety, and death anxiety. Y1 - 2025 ER -