TY - JOUR A1 - Risthania, Olivia Fergie T1 - The Unrequited Love as Reflected in William Blake's >Love Secret< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Lantern – Journal on English Language, Culture and Literature (Diponegoro University), Vol. 3, No. 4 (February 2014). N2 - The purpose of this final academic paper is to describe the love story which tells sadness in William Blake’s >Love's Secret<. The writer adopts Erich Fromm’s theory of unrequited love from >The Art of Loving<. This final academic paper concerns intrinsic and extrinsic side of the poem. In the intrinsic side, the writer discusses about the existing diction and figurative language such as denotation and connotation and imagery to understand the true meaning of the poem. The extrinsic side, the writer discusses about unrequited love. The writer used library research, note-taking and internet browsing for collecting the data. The result is that love does not only bring happiness but also deep sadness for the speaker of the poem as unrequited love which is reflected in >Love's Secret<. So, it succeeds in bringing the readers to feel what the speaker feels. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richards, Barry T1 - Freedom Versus Belonging: A Core Ambivalence in Contemporary Political Dynamics JF - Frosh, S., Vyrgioti, M., Walsh, J. (Eds.): The Palgrave Handbook of Psychosocial Studies, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2022, pp. 1-23. [Online ISBN 978-3-030-61510-9] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61510-9_41-1] N2 - This chapter presents several different conceptualizations of the ambivalence which, it argues, is a central feature of the psyche of the modern individual. It is produced by two basic but potentially contradictory needs – for the assertion of individuality, and for membership of a collectivity. The understanding of this ambivalence is an important contribution of psychoanalysis to psychosocial theory. It bridges between sociohistorical and clinical perspectives and throws light on many aspects of the contemporary world.– The starting point is Fromm’s >Fear of Freedom< (1942). Fromm describes the depth of fearful aloneness and vulnerability felt by the modern individual who has emerged from the very limited individuation of pre-modern societies. This leads to the dangers of a regressive escape from that fear, and into identification with an idealized collective, which is the basis of popular support for authoritarianism.– This remains a highly relevant analysis, though another, complementary dynamic must now also be considered. This involves a fear of the collective, a libertarian denial of the pains of separation, and an idealization of the unfettered individual. A deficit of confidence in the core, individuated self produces vulnerability to both of these anxieties, trapping us in an ambivalence between freedom and belonging, unable to feel fully secure with either.– Developments in post-Freudian theory have offered clinically-based elaborations and variations on this idea of a basic ambivalence. Here the focus is on Guntrip’s account of the schizoid dilemma, and on descriptions of a >core complex< (Glasser) involving agoraphobic and claustrophobic impulses and oscillations between them. These different formulations converge in their picture of a self unable to live either with or without human relationships.– A number of key topics in politics today are then considered in the light of this analysis: attitudes toward the state, national identity and nationalism, terrorism, and populism. In each area, the expression and interplay of these complementary anxieties and defences against them are seen to contribute to the present difficulties of democracy. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schäfer, Torsten T1 - >So richtig wie möglich leben<: Vier Studien über radikale europäische Humanistinnen und Humanisten aus dem zwanzigsten Jahrhundert, Mainz 2021, 297 pp. N2 - Es wird die philosophische Frage nach dem richtigeren Leben aus ökologischer Perspektive gestellt. Sie wird mit Hilfe der Kritischen Theoretiker, Simone de Beauvoir und Jean-Paul Sartre, Erich Fromm und Ernst Bloch beantwortet. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scannell, Paddy T1 - The Pursuit of Happiness – Introduction JF - International Journal of Communication, Vol. 6 (2012), pp. 1262-1269. [Online ISSN 1932-8036] [ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1629/762] N2 - In 1950, Elihu Katz submitted his MA thesis called >The Happiness Game – A Content Analysis of Radio Fan Mail< at Columbia University. It was supervised by Leo Löwenthal, and drew on recently published work by Paul Lazarsfeld, Robert Merton, and Erich Fromm. The topic for the thesis came from Löwenthal, who, as Katz now recalls, was then preparing to become Director of Research for Voice of America. Somehow, he obtained from CBS, perhaps through Lazarsfeld, several thousand letters sent in to the network during the early months of 1948. He was interested in letters sent by listeners in anticipation of such mail landing on his desk in his new position. The letters were sorted into different bundles and assigned to various graduate students for analysis. It was a happy chance that the bundle assigned to Katz were letters sent in by listeners (overwhelmingly female) in response to a request from a popular radio broadcaster of the day, Ted Malone. Malone asked regular listeners to his daytime show to note whenever they felt happy across the whole of February 1948 (a leap-year) and, at the end of the month, to send him a letter telling of their happiest day. Over two thousand letters were received, and from this, a sample of 236 letters was selected and submitted to a careful content analysis which formed the substance of the thesis. Immediately following this, Katz entered the doctoral program in the Department of Sociology and began to work with Lazarsfeld, a collaboration which culminated in Katz’s work on the Decatur survey material that Lazarsfeld had commissioned in 1943. It became his doctoral thesis and was published as >Personal Influence< (1955), co-authored by Katz and Lazarsfeld – a landmark in American sociological literature. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaff, Adam T1 - El marxismo y la filosofía del hombre JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), Humanismo socialista, Buenos Aires (Editorial Paidós) 1968, pp. 161-171. Y1 - 1968 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaff, Adam T1 - Marxism and the Philosophy of Man (Japanese) JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), Shakaishugi humanizumu, vol. 1, Tokyo (Kinokuniyashoten) 1967, pp. 175.186. Y1 - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaeffer, Katharina T1 - Überlegungen zum Konsum in >Konsum und Schmerz< von John Berger sowie >Haben oder Sein< von Erich Fromm, Studienarbeit, Fachbereich Kunst – Allgemeines, Kunsttheorie, Alanus Hochschule für Kunst und Gesellschaft in Alfter, Grin Verlag 2014, 39 pp. N2 - Die Thematik des Konsums ist eine, die mich persönlich interessiert und immer wieder beschäftigt. Im Zuge des Seminars >Kunst und Gesellschaft, Ästhetik und Ethik bei John Berger< befassten wir uns ebenfalls mit Konsum, was mich dazu verleitete, diese Hausarbeit zu verfassen. Dabei werden neben John Berger verschiedene Autoren sowie deren Auseinandersetzung mit und Sichtweise auf den Konsum untersucht. Es handelt sich bei ihnen um die Werbe-Experten Kroeber-Riel und Franz-Rudolf Esch sowie den Literat Erich Fromm.Kurzbiografie sowie enge Textarbeit dienen dazu, einen möglichst guten und authentischen Einblick in Denk- und Schreibweise der Autoren zu vermitteln. So soll der Konsum aus verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten – persönlich, sozial-ethisch und ökonomisch – betrachtet werden. Nach einer Definition des Begriffes Konsum widmet sich der Essay diversen Fragestellungen rund um das Thema Konsum, die jeweils mittels Textauszügen erarbeitet und letztendlich beantwortet werden. Zunächst soll die Frage, wie der Konsum, wie wir ihn heute kennen, eigentlich entstanden ist. John Berger über die Zusammenhänge zwischen Konsum und Schmerz in seinem gleichnamigen Artikel Auskunft. Wie der Hyper-Konsum entsteht beziehungsweise mit welchen Strategien und Techniken die Werbung beim Verbraucher ein Pseudo-Konsum-Bedürfnis schafft kann anhand des Werkes >Strategie und Technik der Werbung< von Esch und Kroeber-Riel nachvollzogen werden. Wolf Lotter stellt in seinem brand-eins-Magazin die Frage nach dem richtigen Maß. Und Fromm >resümiert ... Gedankengänge früherer Werke< ... in seinem Buch >Haben oder Sein<. All diese Schriftstücke dienen als Grundlage für den Essay und sollen in einem umfassenden Fazit reflektiert und resümiert werden. [Exlibris.ch] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saunders, Shaun T1 - Fromm's Marketing Character and Rockeach Values JF - Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 29, No. 2 (2001), pp. 191-195. [Online ISSN 1179-6391] [doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2001.29.2.191] N2 - The twentieth century is notable for the widespread growth of market-driven economies which have been associated with dramatic shifts in values both within and across cultures. The present study (N=101) aimed to assess the relationship between a measure of Fromm's (1955) marketing character (the SCOI) and Rokeach values. The hypothesis that the Rokeach value >Equality< would be ranked low when considered in terms of scores on the SCOI was supported, suggesting that social comparisons made in the consumer domain are made with the aim of determining relative success or failure rather than equality. Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saunders, Shaun A1 - Munro, Don T1 - An exploratory look at Fromm's marketing character and individualism/collectivism JF - Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 29, No. 2 (2001), pp. 153-158. [Online ISSN 1179-6391] [doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2001.29.2.153] N2 - Instruments designed to measure Fromm's marketing character (SCOI; Saunders & Munro, 2000) and the vertical and horizontal dimensions of Individualism and Collectivism (Singelis, Triandis, Bhawuk & Gelfand, 1995) were administered to 167 Ss. The hypothesis that scores on the SCOI would be positively correlated with Vertical Individualism was supported. However, there was only partial support for the hypothesis that scores on the SCOI would be positively correlated with Individualism, as the SCOI scores had the same relationship with Collectivism – which was unexpected. Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauvayre, Pascal T1 - The philosophical foundations of interpersonal psychoanalysis: Albert Dunham Jr. and racial politics JF - R. Frie and P. Sauvayre (Eds., Culture, Politics and Race in the Making of Interpersonal Psychoanalysis. Breaking Boundaries, London and New York (Routledge) 2022, pp. 111-137. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sjödin, Christer T1 - Reflections on dying patients, hospices, assisted suicide, and euthanasia JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 3, 2022), pp. 132-141. N2 - My parents’ death struggle, my clinical work with dying patients, the euthanasia of Freud, and a fear of dementia form the background to my reflections on dying patients, hospices, assisted suicide, and euthanasia. The change in public opinion has resulted in a displacement from Nazi crimes to the present focus on the right to self-determination. Consequently, a law allowing assisted suicide or euthanasia has been adopted in several locations, such as Oregon in the USA, the Benelux countries, Switzerland, and Canada. The fear of suffering, hopelessness, and inability are strong arguments to allow euthanasia and aided suicide. A compelling case against it is its negative social consequences, the infringement into the private sphere when the sick person and their family must decide if they are willing to accept assisted suicide or euthanasia. Although the >right to death< provides freedom to some, for others it is a forced choice that interferes with the dying process. I conclude by highlighting the palliative model, wherein death is perceived as a part of an individual’s life and as a normal process, although this task is hard for the family to contain, especially when the dying person is in pain and agony. Dying is not merely an individual process. It affects the whole family as well as the future generations’ views on reciprocity and responsibility. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smith, Jennifer T1 - Pascual Duarte’s Escape from Freedom: A Study of the Authoritarian Personality and the Rise of the Authoritarian State JF - Letras Hispanas, Vol. 8, No. 1 (2012), pp. 5-19. [Online ISSN 1548-5633] [worldlang.txst.edu/letrashispanas/previousvolumes/vol8-1.html] N2 - In a 2002 article that appeared in El País, the Spanish writer Javier Cercas allies himself with other scholars who have argued that during the time of its publication he Family of Pascual Duarte (1942) by Camilo José Cela, served as an apologia for Franco’s dictatorship. Following the ideas articulated by Erich Fromm in Escape from Freedom (1941) about fascism as a reaction against the effects of individual isolation in the modern era, I relate Cerca’s political interpretation of the Family of Pascual Duarte with existential and psychological readings of the novel. I argue that the moral decline of Pascual Duarte is the result of his inability to live up to the existential burden of freedom in the seemingly uncaring, anarchical and meaningless universe associated, from the Nationalist perspective, with the political and social programs of the Second Republic. While Pascual tries to elude this responsibility through various mechanisms of escape, primarily through practices of submission and domination, the lack of any legitimate authority to submit to or of any sphere in which he can legitimately assert his own authority, leads Pascual to unwittingly present his meaningless and immoral life as a case for the reassertion of a dictatorial regime. N2 - En un artículo que apareció en El País en 2002, el autor español Javier Cercas se alía con otros críticos que han sostenido que, en la época de su publicación, La familia de Pascual Duarte (1942), de Camilo José Cela, sirvió como una apología a favor de la dictadura de Franco. Al seguir las ideas expresadas por Erich Fromm en Miedo a la libertad (1941) sobre el fascismo como reacción contra los efectos del aislamiento individual en la época moderna, relaciono la interpretación política de Cercas con lecturas existencialistas y psicológicas de la novela. Argumento que la decadencia moral de Pascual Duarte resulta de su incapacidad de cumplir con la responsabilidad de libertad en un mundo que parece indiferente, anárquico y vacío de sentido, un mundo asociado, desde la perspectiva nacionalista, con los programas políticos y sociales de la Segunda República. Aunque Pascual intenta escaparse de esta responsabilidad a través de varios mecanismos de escape, sobre todo a través de prácticas de sumisión y dominio, la falta de cualquier autoridad legítima a la cual someterse, o de cualquier esfera donde él pueda airmar su propia autoridad, hace que Pascual, sin querer, presente su vida inmoral y sin objeto como un caso a favor de un retorno a un sistema político autoritario. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skalovski, Denko T1 - Border Situations as Unchanging Human Situations (via Karl Jaspers, Erich Fromm & Noam Chomsky JF - Pannoniana, Vol 5, No. 1 (2021), pp. 163-183. [Online ISSN 2459-7465] [hrcak.srce.hr/en/file/402277] N2 - The first aim of this paper is to raise the interest in the works of three authors, Karl Jaspers, Erich Fromm, and Noam Chomsky. The second intention is to show and prove that despite being different in vocation, they essentially speak of the same social reality, regardless of the fact that they observe and reflect reality from different theoretical/scientific positions/aspects: philosophical, ethical/bioethical, anthropological, sociological, psychological, political, legal, economic, cultural, philological/linguistic, ideological. Despite certain differences, what brings them together spiritually/cognitively are the >diagnoses< of the diseased tissue of (post)modern civil society, as well as the assessments of the phenomenon of social/existential reality of our time. What unites them is the comprehensive humanism and care for the man and man’s psychosomatic health and their present and future life, at the time when civilization is on the verge of self-destruction. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Slosiar, S. T1 - Odcudzenie a jeho vplyv na sebapremenu človeka JF - Studia Sieradzana, No. 3, 2013, pp. 1-12. N2 - Filozofi si čoraz intenzívnejšie kladú otázku: V akom svete žijeme? Ktorý z nich je nám vlastný a ktorý cudzí? Čo spôsobuje odcudzenie a ako ho možno prekonať? Kult rozumu, ktorý sa zmenil na kult vedy a techniky, v ktorom sa človek namiesto autentického, neopakovateľného, slobodného prejavu stal neosobnou, funkčnou zložkou konformného správania dnešnej civilizácie, spôsobil, že intenzívnejšie prežívame pocity ohrozenia a odcudzenia. Preto sa tento problém stal premetom záujmu mnohých filozofov od Schopenhauera a Nietzscheho, ať po predstaviteľov postmoderny. Každý z nich poukazuje na povahu odcudzenia a možnosti jeho prekonania. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Śliwerski, Boguslaw T1 - The Idea of the Exclusion of Necrophilic Attitudes in Critical Psychology of Erich Fromm JF - Interdisciplinary Context of Special Pedagogy, Vol. 28, No. 1 (2020), pp. 7-20. N2 - The subject of the analysis is the category of the inclusion as a process that does not only apply to people with special developmental or life needs, but also to social sciences, which as a result of the positivist research paradigm have divided and separated from each other. Meanwhile, human upbringing requires the inclusion of biophilic orientation towards life in all social sciences, whose achievements should be considered and applied to improve educational processes. The Author borrows inspiration from the typology of human attitudes of Erich Fromm, because it makes readers aware of the negative effects of necrophilia in interpersonal relationships. The Author analyses Fromm’s approach against the background of selected ideas of Polish pedagogical views. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skovdahl, Kirsti A1 - et al., T1 - Dementia and aggressiveness: video recorded morning care from different care units JF - Journal of Clinical Nursing, Vol. 12, No. 6 (2003), pp. 888-898 [Online ISSN 1365-2702] [doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2702.2003.00809.x] N2 - The aim of the study was to illuminate, from video recorded sequences, interactions between individuals with dementia and aggressive behaviour and caregivers who reported problems dealing with such behaviour and caregivers who did not. Nine caregivers and two residents participated. The video recordings were later transcribed into text and analysed by using a phenomenological hermeneutic approach, inspired by Ricoeur's philosophy. The main themes that emerged from the analysis were >Being involved and developing a positive interaction< and >Being confined to routines and remaining in negative interaction<. The findings indicated the interactions either to be in a positive or negative spiral. Caregivers who had reported problems dealing with behavioural and psychiatric symptoms in dementia focused on accomplishing the task, where the main focus was on >the goal itself<. In other sequences with caregivers who had been satisfied with their capability the focus was placed on >how< the caregivers could reach their goal. Power was central in the material, in different ways, either as a possible way to handle the situation or as a possible way of defending oneself. Parts of Kitwood's framework and Fromm's theory about power >over< and power >to<, has been used in the comprehensive understanding. Our conclusion is that caregivers should use power 'to' when they have to help persons with dementia and aggressive behaviour, as a part of behavioural and psychiatric symptoms of dementia, for being able to give help in the best possible way. They should also act in a sensitive and reflective manner, with the individual in focus. Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smith, R. C. T1 - The Individual in Capitalistic Society JF - Society and Social Pathology. Critical Political Theory and Radical Practice, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2017, pp. 169-248. [Online ISBN 978-3-319-50325-7] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50325-7_4] N2 - This chapter explores a fundamental alternative philosophy of the subject. Drawing inspiration from Adorno’s critical theory and from Fromm’s social psychology, Smith offers a contemporary, cross-disciplinary study of the subject, including the individual’s relation with society and social development. What emerges is a deeply insightful approach to understanding social interaction, developmental psychology and the problem of ego colonization. Enriching arguments laid out in early chapters, Smith employs a methodologically innovative conception of the development of the subject: from its (de)formation and early childhood development to more practical issues such as compassion fatigue, deficits of reason and empathy. Smith shows how negative social conditions foster emotionally overwhelmed individuals – a deeply repressed, closed, traumatized subject. This chapter also covers other important practical issues, such as the problem of economic coercion, pathological reproduction, cycles of domination and violence, and the everyday effects of >needless suffering< on the psyche. Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smith, David Norman T1 - Introduction to Herbert Marcuse, >On the Critique of Sociology< JF - Mid-American Review of Sociology, Vol. 16, No. 2 (1992), pp. 1-13. [ISSN 0732913X] [jstor.org/stable/23254542] N2 - Critical Theory was born at a dark moment in world history. The Weimar Republic in Germany had given way to National Socialism, fascism reigned in Italy, and the Bolshevik revolution in Russia had begun its descent into the whirlpool of Stalinism. It became clear that >class consciousness< does not spring fully formed from economic crisis, as many Marxists had imagined, and that socialist democracy is far more difficult to achieve than even its enemies had believed. Nowhere was this more apparent than in Germany, wherein 1933 the proudest and strongest labor movement in history fell victim to a grotesquely reactionary regime. Democracy in every form seemed alarmingly fragile, too feeble and embattled to resist the >dictatorship of the corporals< that Max Weber had feared. This was the context in which the renowned >Frankfurt Institute< began its odyssey from traditional to critical theory. Y1 - 1992 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Storozhenko, N. V. T1 - Страх смерти на все времена [The Fear of Death for All Times] JF - Филология: научные исследования [Philology: Scientific Researches], No. 2 (2015), pp. 117-128. [ISSN 2454-0749] N2 - Статья автора посвящена рассмотрению феномена смерти в современном мире. В данной статье производится последовательный анализ отношения индивида к феномену смерти на основании классических текстов (Артур Шопенгауэр, Филипп Арьес, Эрих Фромм и т.д.) в совокупности с рядом статей современных авторов. Цель данной работы – выявление факторов современной действительности, которые являются регулятивными в вопросе формирования специфического отношения индивида к феномену смерти и его дальнейшей перспективы. Поскольку данный вопрос носит философско-антропологический характер, анализ данной статьи стремиться сохранить связь с такой опытной составляющей человека как прогрессивные технологии. Результатом работы является обнаружение специфических взаимосвязей феномена смерти с прогрессом и фантазмом, выявление специфики символизма феномена смерти в современном мире, расширение списка модусов иммортализации, а также намечаются перспективы дальнейшего развития феномена. Так как феномен смерти философски предстает одним из экзистенционалов человеческого бытия, то спектр применения наработок статьи оказывается достаточно широким. N2 - The article is devoted to the phenomenon of death these days. In this article Storozhenko performs the successive analysis of an individual's attitude to death based on classical works written by Arthur Schopenhauer, Philippe Ariès, Erich Fromm, etc. and a number of research articles written by contemporary authors. The purpose of the present research is to define factors of modern reality that regulate the development of a specific attitude of an individual to the phenomenon of death as well as further prospects of these factors. Considering the fact that this issue is of philosophical and anthropological nature, the analysis of the present article touches upon advanced technologies as the element of human experience. As a result of the research, Storozhenko finds out that there are specific relationships between the phenomenon of death and progress and phantasm, describes specific features of the symbolism of death in a modern world, extends the list of immortalization moduses and outlines the prospects for the further development of the phenomenon. From the philosophical point of view, the phenomenon of death constitutes one of human existentials, therefore there is a wide scope of practical fields the results of the research may be applied to. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Suchodolski, Bogdan T1 - Umanesimo del rinascimento e umanesimo marxista JF - E. Fromm (Ed.), L'Umanesimo socialista, a cura di Erich Fromm, Bari (Daedalo Libri) 1971, pp. .45-55. Y1 - 1971 ER -