TY - JOUR A1 - Kiyoshi, Mahito T1 - フランクルをフロムと対話させる試み清眞人 [Attempt to Image a Frankl’s Dialog with Fromm] JF - 全人的医療 [Comprehensive Medicine], Vol. 20, No. 1 (2020), pp. 53-67. doi.org/10.32183/ifcm.20.1_53] N2 - 私がここで試みるのは,フランクルとフロムとの対話を想像することである.実際には両者は対話を行っていない.しかし,両者は有意義な対話を生む十分な理由を持つ.二人は同時代のユダヤ人であり,反ナチスの勇敢な闘士であり,それぞれの仕方でフロイトの精神分析学から「実存的精神分析」を生みだそうとした思想家であった.二人は,人間が抱く根本的な欲求はリビドーではなく,自分の人生を有意義な人生として実現しようとする「意味への欲求」であると考えた.フランクルは言う.「人生が君に投げかける問いに一つ一つ真摯に応えようとする営為が君に人生の意味を発見させるだろう」と.フロムは言う.「責任感とは,《自分には応答する力がある,だから応答する,応答したい》という自発的意識にほかならない」と.そして,フロムは指摘した.生き生きした豊かな応答関係の再生,これこそ今日の精神的課題である,と. N2 - I will imagine a dialog between Frankl and Fromm. Actually, they never engaged in a dialog: however, both had enough reasons to produce meaningful dialogs. Both were contemporaneous Jews, both fought bravely against the Nazis, and both were thinkers who sought to create a system of existential psychoanalysis from Freud’s psychoanalysis. They both thought that our fundamental desire was not libido but the desire for meaning, individuals wanting to realize meaningfulness in their lives. Frankl said, >We find meaning in life through a sincere effort to answer the questions that life throws at us.< Fromm said >The sense of responsibility is nothing but the voluntary consciousness that we have the ability to respond, so we surely respond that we want to.< Then Fromm pointed out, that a lively and abundant reproduction of response-relationships are just the spiritual task of today. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kobiela-Kwaśniewska, Marta T1 - >Un incendio invisible< de Sara Mesa como una crítica implícita al >Homo consumericus< [An Invisible Fire by Sara Mesa as an Implicit Critique of >Homo consumericus<] JF - Studia Romanica Posnaniensia, Vol. 49, No. 1 (2022), pp. 33-52. [ISSN 0137-2475] N2 - The paper is an attempt at shedding light on the issues related to the dystopian vision of postmodern society metonymically represented by Vado, an imaginary city, in the novel >Un incendio invisible< written by Sara Mesa. This abandoned urban space causes us to reflect on crucial topics in postmodern society, such as incorporation into unknown place, redefinition of the concept of parenthood, liquid and perverse love, social inequalities, abandoned elders, consumption, role of shopping malls and their significance, human alienation, all phenomena that we find in the novel. The city of Vado plays symbolic role in that piece, hence its devastation and ruin show a close connection with the consumer society and the actions of Homo consumericus. We base our analysis on the philosophical and sociological postulates of Gilles Lipovetsky, Zygmunt Bauman, Erich Fromm and anthropological one of Marc Augé, as well as on the proposal of how to read a novel by Javier del Prado Biezma in order to describe the nature of all these mentioned problems and expose the criticism of Homo consumericus concealed in the novel. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marzagão, Feliciano Alves T1 - Liberdade em Erich Fromm: Contradições existenciais e processo dialético de expansāo e fuga [Freedom in Erich Fromm: Existential contradictions and dialectical process of growing and escape] JF - Sapere aude – Belo Horizonte, Vol. 12, No. 24 (2022), pp. 607-616. [Online ISSN 2177-6342] [periodicos.pucminas.br/index.php/SapereAude/article/view/27856/19177] N2 - Com o objetivo de elucidar como o conceito de liberdade é desenvolvido na teoria do filósofo e psicanalista contemporâneo Erich Fromm, baseado sobretudo em sua obra intitulada O medo à liberdade, assim como na revisão bibliográfica desse autor e de seus comentadores, esta comunicação apresenta a teoria antropológica do filósofo, de modo a aprofundar-se na concepção frommiana de liberdade, marcada pela ambiguidade que gera um processo dialético de sua expansão e fuga. Os aspectos negativos da liberdade são caracterizados por um sentimento de impotência e solidão e pela fragilidade do ego do indivíduo, o que faz com que o inconsciente humano crie mecanismos de fuga à liberdade: o autoritarismo, a destrutividade e o conformismo de autômatos. Por outro lado, a liberdade é ontológica ao homem, e sua expansão é um processo de individualização e realização humana. Diante dessas contradições existenciais, Erich Fromm propõe que a expressão das potencialidades intelectuais, emocionais e sensoriais do indivíduo, juntamente com transformações econômicas, políticas e culturais na sociedade são a alternativa para a constituição do humanismo. N2 - In order to elucidate how the concept of freedom is developed in the theory of contemporary philosopher and psychoanalyst Erich Fromm, based mainly on his book entitled Escape from freedom, as well as on the bibliographical review of this author and his researchers, this study presents the anthropological theory of this philosopher, in order to deepen the Frommian conception of freedom, marked by the ambiguity that generates a dialectical process of growing and escape. The negative aspects of freedom are characterized by a feeling of powerless and loneliness and by the fragility of the individual's self, which makes the human unconscious create mechanisms to escape freedom: the authoritarianism, destructiveness and automation conformity. However, freedom is ontological to man and its growing is a process of individualization and human realization. Aware of these existential contradictions, Erich Fromm proposes that the expression of the individual's intellectual, emotional and sensuous potentialities, together with economic, political and cultural transformations in society, are the alternative for the constitution of humanism. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Medeiros, Alexandra T1 - Sanity and madness within the therapeutic setting: A case study JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 2, 2022), pp. 083-093. N2 - This article analyses a particular case of sanity and madness within the therapeutic setting as an expression of psychosis. It describes the story of a boy named Pedro who, between the ages of 12 and 16 years, struggled with mental balance – oscillating between lucidity, within a broken mind, and the madness required to stay healthy. The psychotherapeutic path was marked by a set of characters – real and fictional – that revealed his split functioning. In the plots Pedro created, he used the evil characters of any given movie saga in order to express himself. Like a dream, these narratives functioned as metaphors and metonyms, where the condensed forces of evil took over the symptom – which brings us to psychosis – while the good side, represented by an isolated and unprotected figure with which Pedro identified, revealed the displaced material of his unconscious desire. Although the psychotic parts of Pedro’s personality had been rehabilitated and integrated, his mental functioning remained marked by dissociation with reality, linked to the psychotic dysfunctionality. Therefore, even if his psychotic parts were contained and masked by clever humor, they were an indelible trace of his mental life. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Melacarne, Claudio A1 - Slavutzky, Marina T1 - Freire e Fromm. Biografie e connessioni teoriche [Freire and Fromm. Biographies and theoretical connections] JF - Educational Reflective Practices, No. 1 (2022), pp. 38-55. [Online ISSN 2279-9605] [journals.francoangeli.it/index.php/erpoa/article/view/13729/1432] N2 - L'articolo presenta un'analisi comparativa tra Paulo Freire e Erich Fromm. L'introduzione è incentrata sulla notevole importanza di studiare e interpretare il lavoro di Freire attualmente e sul suo contributo alla Pedagogia e ad altri ambiti. L'articolo riporta una sintesi delle biografie di Freire e Fromm e alcuni aspetti di similitudine che emergono, come la loro esperienza con la religione, lo studio del marxismo e la loro vita in esilio. Di seguito, alcuni concetti chiave utilizzati dagli autori vengono analizzati. I loro approcci all'educazione, alla libertà, all'oppressione, alla consapevolezza e all'emancipazione convergono sotto svariati aspetti e possono essere complementari e utili in diversi modi per gli studi contemporanei. N2 - The article presents a comparative analysis between Paulo Freire and Erich Fromm. The introduction is focused on the great importance of studying and interpreting Freire’s work nowadays and its contribution to Pedagogy and other fields. The article presents a synthesis of both Freire and Fromm’s biographies and some similar aspects that emerge, such as their experience with religion, the study of Marxism and their life in exile. Afterwards some key concepts used by the authors are analyzed. Their approaches to education, freedom, oppression, awareness and emancipation converge in many aspects and can be complementary and useful in several ways for contemporary studies. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mesquita, Isabel A1 - Franco da Silva, Carolina T1 - The psychoanalytic process and self-transcendence JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 2, 2022), pp. 094-099. N2 - This article intends to reflect on some aspects of psychoanalytic theory and practice, to help psychoanalysis evolve. It is therefore important to update psychoanalytic language and practice so that new potentialities and self-transcendence, in the sense of self-expansion are taken into consideration. It is of the utmost importance to take aspects of development and the relational realm into consideration, as well as the way through which the subject repeats their history, maintaining themselves stagnant and in contact with representations that go back to their early relationships. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mueller, Helmut A. T1 - Review E. Fromm: Wissenschaft vom Menschen. Ein Lesebuch JF - Online-Rezension https://helmut-a-mueller.de/erich-fromm-wissenschaft-vom-menschen-ein-lesebuch/ Nordheim, 8. November 2022 Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rothe, Katharina T1 - Reproduction and resistance: psychoanalysis in the midst of the political economy JF - R. Frie and P. Sauvayre (Eds., Culture, Politics and Race in the Making of Interpersonal Psychoanalysis. Breaking Boundaries, London and New York (Routledge) 2022, pp. 138-161. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Runge, Richard Friedrich T1 - Die innere Dynamik von selbst- und umweltbezogenen Tugenden im tugendhaften Akteur. Systematische Überlegungen im Ausgang von Erich Fromm JF - Zeitschrift für Ethik und Moralphilosophie, No. 5 (2022), pp. 37-59. [Online ISSN 2522-0071] [link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42048-021-00114-7] N2 - Die eudaimonistische Tugendethik sieht sich, was ihre innere Struktur anbelangt, standardmäßig mit den Vorwürfen des Egoismus und Anthropozentrismus konfrontiert, was auch das Projekt einer ökologischen Tugendethik zu gefährden scheint. Der vorliegende Artikel versucht, ausgehend von der Tugendethik Erich Fromms, eine neue Perspektive auf diese Standardvorwürfe zu entwickeln, indem er den theoretischen Implikationen nachgeht, die die Anerkennung der Biophilie – der Liebe zum Leben – als eine der Tugenden des Menschen für den Frommschen Ansatz hat. Die zunächst noch exegetisch ausgerichtete Diskussion der werkinternen Relation von humanistischer und biophiler Ethik bei Erich Fromm leitet schließlich zu einer stärker systematisch ausgerichteten Diskussion der inneren Dynamik von selbst- und umweltbezogenen Tugenden im tugendhaften Akteur über. In diesem Zuge wird deutlich gemacht, dass das selbstbezogene Streben nach eigener Eudaimonie und das umweltbezogene Streben nach der Förderung des Objekts der eigenen Liebe zwar durchaus miteinander in einen Konflikt geraten können, dass dieser Konflikt aber nicht zur Selbstauslöschung der Tugendethik führt, sondern stattdessen im tugendhaften Akteur eine produktive Dynamik entfaltet. Die klassische Gegenüber- stellung von Anthropozentrismus und Biozentrismus innerhalb der Ethik lässt sich auf diese Weise unterlaufen. N2 - The inner structure of eudaimonistic virtue ethics has standardly been charged with egoism and anthropocentrism, which also seems to endanger the project of an environmental virtue ethics. Proceeding from the virtue ethics of Erich Fromm, the present article tries to develop a new perspective on these standard accusations by discussing the theoretical implications of the recognition of biophilia – the love of life – as a human virtue in the Frommian approach. The initially exegetically oriented discussion of the internal relation of humanistic and biophilic ethics in Erich Fromm’s work eventually leads to a more systematically oriented discussion of the inner dynamic of self- and environment-related virtues in the virtuous agent. In the course of this discussion, it will become clear that the self-related striving to attain eudaimonia and the environment-related striving to promote the object of one’s own love can get into a conflict with one another. This conflict, however, does not lead to the self-effacement of virtue ethics but unfolds a productive dynamic in the virtuous agent. In this way, the classical juxtaposition of anthropocentrism and biocentrism within ethics can be avoided. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salerno, Giuseppe A1 - Migone, Paolo T1 - Online psychoanalysis: Interview with Paolo Migone T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 249-251. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sánchez Felix, Karla T1 - Review Jay, M.: Reason after its Eclipse. On Late Critical Theory JF - Revista de Filosofía (Universidad Iberoamericana), Vol. 54, No. 153 (2022), pp. 286-292. [Print ISSN 0185-3481] [philpapers.org/pub/73003/2022] N2 - A pesar de que Max Horkheimer en Eclipse de la razón había analizado los límites de la razón subjetiva, atendien- do a las posibilidades de retornar a la razón objetiva y a su función después del eclipse, a Jay le parecían aún insuficientes estas respuestas. Por ello, regresó al estudio de las conceptualizaciones filosóficas de los fundadores de la teoría crítica y de quienes se quedaron a cargo del Instituto de Investigación Social en Frankfurt. En este sentido, este texto podría verse en continuidad y a distancia respecto a su primer li- bro: Dialectical Imagination. A History of the Frankfurt School and the Institute of Social Research, 1923-1950 (1973); producto de su trabajo de doctorado, enfocado en la formación del Instituto de Investigación Social; en sus principales integrantes: Herbert Marcuse, Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, Leo Löwenthal, Walter Benjamin,Franz Neumann, Otto Kirchheimer, Henryk Grossmann, Erich Fromm, Karl August Wittfogel; en la integra- ción del psicoanálisis; en su exilio a América; en los estudios empíricos sobre el autoritarismo, la estética y la industria cultural. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Robertis, Daniela de T1 - Mentalization promotion and affect mobilization in clinical work JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 218-225. N2 - The author presents a model of clinical intervention based on patients’ mentalization, or mind reading, that is, the function of the mind to understand the mind. The action of mind reading means a type of thought, mostly not conscious, implicit, often not even encoded in words, that expresses the meaning >I think that you think that I think.< Thoughts about the analyst’s states of mind crowd the minds of patients, taking shape in these questions: >What do you think I have in mind?< and so >How do you plan to act towards me?< If the analyst does not capture and does not disambiguate the doubts, the patient’s perplexity and insecurity can intensify and produce emotions of anxiety, fear, fright, but also anger towards a silent interlocutor. Conversely, the analyst who mentalizes the state of mind of the patient and verbalizes it heteroregulates the patient’s fears and anxiety level. Mentalization and affect regulation are also related to the analyst’s recognition of the patient’s metacognition process. At the conclusion of the theoretical section, a clinical sketch shows examples, and highlights in therapeutic work the abovementioned theoretical issues. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rentmeester, Casey T1 - Pharmaceutical Advertising and the Subtle Subversion of Patient Autonomy JF - Journal of Medical Humanities, Vol. 43, No. 1 (2022), pp. 159-168. [Online ISSN 1573-3645] [doi.org/10.1007/s10912-020-09633-7] N2 - Direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising (DTCPA) is pervasive in the United States. Beyond its effect on consumer behavior, DTCPA changes the relationship between individuals and physicians. The author provides a brief history of pharmaceutical advertising in the United States. The author then analyzes the current commonly used marketing techniques of pharmaceutical companies and argues that pharmaceutical companies are >irrational authorities< in Erich Fromm’s sense of the term since they seek to exploit persons. Using concepts from various philosophers from the Continental tradition, with a particular emphasis on the work of Michel Foucault, the author analyzes the power relations involved in DTCPA and ultimately argues that DTCPA subtly undermines the contemporary paradigm of patient autonomy while simultaneously depending upon it by treating health consumers as >dividuals<, that is, as porous entities to be manipulated. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ren, Sizhong T1 - Humanization of Technology: Observing Digital Integration of the Elderly Group by Erich Fromm’s Humanistic Theory [术的人道化:由弗洛姆的人道主义理论看老年群体的数字融入] JF - Journal of Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, No. 9 (2022), pp. 51-54. N2 - Entering the 14th Five-Year Plan period, accompanied by significant trend of China’s population aging, the digital integration of the elderly group has become the core concern in academic circles. In view of this, taking Erich Fromm’s humanistic theory and his philosophy for considering China’s reality, open the interface between the elderly and technology from three top-level designs of understanding needs, stimulating creativity, and strengthening education support, which could help the elderly group to adapt to digital life and enjoy its dividends smoothly. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rocha, Samuel D. T1 - Obedience JF - Journal of Philosophy of Education, Vol.56, No. 4 (2022), pp. 627-636. [Online ISSN 1467-9752] [doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12697] N2 - This is a phenomenological description of existential obedience, which draws out a contrast between it and ressentiment and existential envy, and compares it with pedagogical obedience. The discussion is developed with reference especially to the work of Erich Fromm, Emerson, and Nietzsche. Eds.: This paper forms part of a special issue titled >Beyond Virtue and Vice: Education for a Darker Age<, in which the editors invited authors to engage in exercises of >transvaluation<. Certain apparently settled educational concepts (from agency and fulfilment to alienation and ignorance) can be reinterpreted and transvaluated (in a Nietzschean vein) such that virtues become vices, and vices, virtues. The editors encouraged authors to employ polemics and some occasional exaggeration to reimagine educational values that are all too readily accepted within contemporary educational discourses. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Röhe, Daniel T1 - Oedipus returns to the opera: The repressed in psychoanalysis and musicology JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 3, 2022), pp. 161-175. N2 - After publishing a psychoanalytic inquiry on Enescu’s and Stravinsky’s Oedipal operas, it seemed worth offering comments about other artistic depictions based on Oedipus’ myth. Josep Soler’s and Xiao-song’s versions were studied in relation to their orientalist sources. Soler’s opera shed further light on Oedipus’ paranoid crisis in his duet with the blind seer. Seneca, Soler’s main inspiration, also influenced Méreaux’s Oedipal opera, which portrays the phantom of Laius requiring vengeance for his murder, a situation similar to the one Freud and Jones commented on in their analysis of Hamlet. Another ghost was found in Pierre Bartholomée’s OEdipe sur la route, which depicts a return of Oedipus’ own complex and its psychopathological comorbidities even after he chastised himself. Psychopathological symptoms were also observed in Sacchini’s version, probably the most famous of all Oedipal operas in its century. Furthermore, the focus now is not only on Oedipal operas, but also on a version of the Jocasta debate. Also attended to in this article are other operas and artistic representations that do not deal directly with the Oedipus myth. A list of 30 Oedipal operas with musical examples offers a fruitful space for debates on psychopathological issues related to the most important complex in psychoanalysis. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saumantri, Theguh T1 - Konsep Manusia dalam Teori Psikoanalisis Humanis Dialektik Erich Fromm [Erich Fromm's Humanistic Concept in Dialectic Humanistic Theory of Psychoanalysis] JF - Sanjiwani – Jurnal Filsafat, Vol. 13, No. 2 (2022), pp. 13-27. [doi.org/10.25078/sanjiwani.v13i2.1282] N2 - Fromm adalah seorang psikoanalisis, ahli teori sosial, sekaligus filsuf. Dalam perjalanan kehidupannya fromm mengkaji tentang kepribadian manusia, oleh karena itu fromm dalam teori humanis dealiktiknya menunjukkan perhatiannya terhadap perjuangan manusia yang tidak pernah menyerah untuk memperoleh kebebasan dalam kaitannya dengan kebutuhan manusia untuk berhubungan dengan orang lain. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami makna, urgensi dan hakikat kebutuhan manusia dalam teori psikoanalisis humanis dialektik erich fromm sebagai modal eksistensi diri manusia di dunia ini dan membaca kerangka pemikiran erich fromm yang dipandang memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap kepribadian manusia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif dihasilkan kesimpulan bahwa konsep munusia dalam perspektif teorinya erich fromm di pandang sebagai bentuk kesadaran manusia. Manusia miliki sifat suprabiologis yang unik dan dibangun dalam karakter manusia. Hidup manusia ditentukan oleh alternatif yang tak terelakkan antara kembali pada eksistensi hewani atau tiba pada eksistensi manusia sejati. N2 - Erich Fromm was a psychoanalyst, social theorist, and philosopher. In the course of his life Fromm studied about the human personality, therefore Fromm in his humanist theory showed his concern for the struggle of the human being who never gave up on obtaining freedom in relation to the human need to relate to others. This study aims to understand the meaning, urgency and nature of human needs in the dialectical humanist psychoanalysis theory of Erich Fromm as the capital of human self-existence in this world and read the Erich Fromm framework of thought which is seen as having a great influence on human personality. Using a descriptive analysis approach, the conclusion is that the concept of manusia in the perspective of his theory is viewed as a form of human consciousness. Man has a unique supra-biological nature and is built in human character. Human life is determined by the inevitable alternative between returning to animal existence or arriving at a true human existence. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saumantri, Theguh A1 - Zulfikar Hafizid, Jefik T1 - Rekonstruksi psikoanalisis humanis dialektik Erich Fromm dalam pendidikan pesantren Reconstruction of Erich Fromm's Dialectical Humanist Psychoanalysis in Islamic Boarding Schools (Indonesian) JF - Rausyan Fikr: Jurnal Ilmu Studi Ushuluddin dan Filsafat, Vol. 18, No. 1 (2022), pp. 111-133. [doi.org/10.24239/rsy.v18i1.880] N2 - Pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan memberikan sebuah kontribusi yang besar dalam bidang keagamaan. Pendidikan di pesantren memandang bahwa manusia diberi keistimewaan dengan kemampuan berpikir untuk memahami alam semesta, dirinya sendiri, dan tanda – tanda keagungan Tuhan. Dalam pandangan erich fromm manusia pada esensinya adalah makhluk hidup yang organisme yang memiliki bentuk proses energi atau gairah yang memberikan dorongan untuk mencapai kep uasan kepada dunia sekitarnya. Jika ditinjau dalam perspektif p endidikan pesantren, santri sebagai manusia yang berada dalam dilema eksistensial yang mengalami kebingungan dan mencoba mencari cara untuk mengatasi masalah eksistensialnya tersebut. Pendidikan pesantren yang lebih banyak mendidik secara rohani sangat diperlukan dan memiliki peran dalam permasalahan ini. Erich Fromm dalam teori Humanistik Dialektiknya memberikan sebuah pandangan bahwa manusia yang bereksistensi memiliki kebutuhan dasar dan karakter. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pemikiran erich fromm sebagai paradigma eksistensi manusia yang tidak pernah berhenti untuk berdialektika dalam dunia realitas ke hidupnya. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini merupakan metode penelitian pustaka atau library research, yang mengkaji sumber literatur mengenai pemikiran tokoh dan objek penelitian yang terdapat dalam buku, jurnal, ataupun artikel. hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa manusia dalam hal ini santri yang menempuh pendidikan pesantren sepatutnya diberikan sebuah tuntunan untuk memiliki sikap kritis dalam proses pembelajaran bahkan dalam situasi yang mendasari kebutuhan eksistensinya sebagai manusia. Dalam pandangan Teori Humanis Dialektik erich fromm sesungguhnya sikap kritis yang ada pada diri manusia dipakai untuk mendialektikan suatu problematika hidup, yang tampak tidak se suai (berlawanan) dan mencari upaya untuk mengatasinya. Melalui sistem pendidikan pesantren, peserta didik atau santri akan dapa t menge tahui dirinya dan keberdaan orang disekitarnya dengan mem perhatikan serta memahami suatu keunikannya yang ada pada diri manusia. N2 - Islamic Boarding School as an educational institution makes a great contribution in the field of religion. Education in Islamic Boarding School considers that man is privileged with the ability to think to understand the universe, himself, and the signs of God's majesty. Erich Fromm’s view man is actually an organism (living thing) in him there is a process of energy or passions that encourages satisfaction in the around world. If viewed in the perspective of Islamic Boarding School education, santri as a human being who is in an existential dilemma who is experiencing confusion and trying to find a way to overcome the existential problem. More spiritually Islamic Boarding School education is needed and has a role in this problem. Erich Fromm in his Dialectical Humanistic theory gives a view that the man who is in existence has basic needs and character. The purpose of this study is to examine the thinking of Erich Fromm as a paradigm of human existence that never ceases to be dialectic in the world of reality of its life. The methodology in this research is a library research method, which examines literature sources regarding the thoughts of figures and research objects contained in books, journals, or articles. The results of this study illustrate that humans in this case who pursue Islamic boarding school education should be given a guide to be critical in terms of learning or in matters concerning humanity. Because in the view of Dialectical Humanist Theory Erich Fromm is actually a critical attitude towards human problems, which is to try to relax things that look out of line (opposite) and find solutions. Through education, learners or students will be able to recognize themselves and those around them by understanding their uniqueness. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saumantr, Theguh A1 - Sanusi, Anwar T1 - Refleksi atas Pandemi Covid-19 Berdasarkan Perspektif Teori Psikoanalisis Humanis Erich Fromm [Reflections on the Covid-19 Pandemic Based on the Perspective of Erich Fromm's Humanist Psychoanalytic Theory] N2 - The world is currently shocked by a new virus, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or what is known as covid-19. The virus, which was first discovered in Wuhan, China, has claimed thousands of human victims, including in Indonesia. Many things have happened in terms of humanity in this Covid-19 phenomenon. The occurrence of social distancing, solidarity to help each other even excessive concern for the victims of covid-19. Which in the end has an impact on the exclusion and rejection of these covid-19 victims, which should not have happened. According to a German philosopher, Erich Fromm. In his humanist psychoanalytic theory, Erich Fromm, basically humans under any circumstances have social attachments in the form of love and cooperation with others. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sholihah, I’anatus A1 - Subandiyah, Heny T1 - Kepribadian Marxian Tokoh Utama dalam Novel >Sunyi di dada sumirah< karya Artie Ahmad (Kajian Psikologi kepribadian Marxian Erich Fromm) [Marxian Personality of the Main Character in the Novel >Silence in Sumirah's Chest< by Artie Ahmad (Psychological Study of Erich Fromm's Marxian Personality)] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Bapala (Surabaya), Vol. 9, No. 6 (2022), pp. 98-112. [ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/bapala/issue/view/2634] N2 - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kepribadian Marxian pada tokoh utama pada novel >Sunyi di Dada Sumirah< karya Artie Ahmad menggunakan teori psikologi kepribadian Erich Fromm. Kepribadian Marxian adalah kepribadian yang muncul pada diri manusia sebagai bentuk perjuangannya untuk memperoleh martabat dan kebebasan. Bentuk kepribadian tersebut tampak pada kondisi eksistensi manusia. Kondisi tersebut meliputi dilema eksistensi, kebutuhan manusia, dan mekanisme pelarian diri. Untuk menemukan hal-hal tersebut, digunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui teknik studi kepustakaan dan teknik >Content Analysis< sebagai teknik analisis datanya. Hasil penelitian ini meliputi: (1) 50 data dilema eksistensi manusia yang terdiri atas manusia sebagai binatang dan manusia sebagai manusia, hidup dan mati, kesempurnaan dan ketidaksempurnaan, serta kesendirian dan kebersamaan; (2) 25 data kebutuhan manusia yang terdiri atas kebutuhan kebebasan dan keterikatan, dan kebutuhan untuk memahami dan beraktivitas; serta (3) 7 data mekanisme pelarian diri berupa otoritarianisme, perusakan, dan penyesuaian yang dialami oleh tokoh Sunyi, Sumirah, dan Suntini. N2 - This study aims to describe the Marxian personality of the main character in the novel >Sunyi di Dada Sumirah< by Artie Ahmad. The Marxian personality is the personality that appears in man as a form of his struggle for dignity and freedom. The form of personality is seen in the conditions of human existence. These conditions include existential dilemmas, human needs, and escape mechanisms. To find these things, a qualitative descriptive method was used, with data collection techniques through library research techniques and >Content Analysis< techniques as data analysis techniques. The results of this study include: (1) 50 data on the dilemma of human existence consisting of humans as animals and humans as humans, life and death, perfection and imperfection, and loneliness and togetherness; (2) 25 data on human needs consisting of the need for freedom and attachment, and the need for understanding and activity; and (3) 7 data on escape mechanisms in the form of authoritarianism, destruction, and adjustment experienced by Sunyi, Sumirah, and Suntini characters. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Remer, Scott T1 - Erich Fromm, Escape from Freedom, and Pseudo-Populist Authoritarianism JF - New Politics Journal, New York January 21, 2022. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richards, Barry T1 - Freedom Versus Belonging: A Core Ambivalence in Contemporary Political Dynamics JF - Frosh, S., Vyrgioti, M., Walsh, J. (Eds.): The Palgrave Handbook of Psychosocial Studies, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2022, pp. 1-23. [Online ISBN 978-3-030-61510-9] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61510-9_41-1] N2 - This chapter presents several different conceptualizations of the ambivalence which, it argues, is a central feature of the psyche of the modern individual. It is produced by two basic but potentially contradictory needs – for the assertion of individuality, and for membership of a collectivity. The understanding of this ambivalence is an important contribution of psychoanalysis to psychosocial theory. It bridges between sociohistorical and clinical perspectives and throws light on many aspects of the contemporary world.– The starting point is Fromm’s >Fear of Freedom< (1942). Fromm describes the depth of fearful aloneness and vulnerability felt by the modern individual who has emerged from the very limited individuation of pre-modern societies. This leads to the dangers of a regressive escape from that fear, and into identification with an idealized collective, which is the basis of popular support for authoritarianism.– This remains a highly relevant analysis, though another, complementary dynamic must now also be considered. This involves a fear of the collective, a libertarian denial of the pains of separation, and an idealization of the unfettered individual. A deficit of confidence in the core, individuated self produces vulnerability to both of these anxieties, trapping us in an ambivalence between freedom and belonging, unable to feel fully secure with either.– Developments in post-Freudian theory have offered clinically-based elaborations and variations on this idea of a basic ambivalence. Here the focus is on Guntrip’s account of the schizoid dilemma, and on descriptions of a >core complex< (Glasser) involving agoraphobic and claustrophobic impulses and oscillations between them. These different formulations converge in their picture of a self unable to live either with or without human relationships.– A number of key topics in politics today are then considered in the light of this analysis: attitudes toward the state, national identity and nationalism, terrorism, and populism. In each area, the expression and interplay of these complementary anxieties and defences against them are seen to contribute to the present difficulties of democracy. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauvayre, Pascal T1 - The philosophical foundations of interpersonal psychoanalysis: Albert Dunham Jr. and racial politics JF - R. Frie and P. Sauvayre (Eds., Culture, Politics and Race in the Making of Interpersonal Psychoanalysis. Breaking Boundaries, London and New York (Routledge) 2022, pp. 111-137. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sjödin, Christer T1 - Reflections on dying patients, hospices, assisted suicide, and euthanasia JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 3, 2022), pp. 132-141. N2 - My parents’ death struggle, my clinical work with dying patients, the euthanasia of Freud, and a fear of dementia form the background to my reflections on dying patients, hospices, assisted suicide, and euthanasia. The change in public opinion has resulted in a displacement from Nazi crimes to the present focus on the right to self-determination. Consequently, a law allowing assisted suicide or euthanasia has been adopted in several locations, such as Oregon in the USA, the Benelux countries, Switzerland, and Canada. The fear of suffering, hopelessness, and inability are strong arguments to allow euthanasia and aided suicide. A compelling case against it is its negative social consequences, the infringement into the private sphere when the sick person and their family must decide if they are willing to accept assisted suicide or euthanasia. Although the >right to death< provides freedom to some, for others it is a forced choice that interferes with the dying process. I conclude by highlighting the palliative model, wherein death is perceived as a part of an individual’s life and as a normal process, although this task is hard for the family to contain, especially when the dying person is in pain and agony. Dying is not merely an individual process. It affects the whole family as well as the future generations’ views on reciprocity and responsibility. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Su, Die T1 - Fromm's Theory of Consumer Alienation and Its Meaning Today [弗洛姆的消费异化理论及其当代思考] JF - Culture Journal [文化学刊], No. 7 (2022), pp. 109-112. N2 - 消费作为一种现象存在于人类的日常生活中,是人类生存需要使用的手段。随着科学技术的进步、生产能力的不断提高,人们在消费过程中其消费方式、消费目的不断发生着变化,甚至说是发生了某种程度上的异化。西方是最早进入消费社会的国家,消费异化现象较为突出,弗洛姆作为法兰克福学派的代表人物之一,他在认真分析并借鉴马克思的劳动异化理论和弗洛伊德的精神分析学说的基础之上,又借鉴于卢卡奇的物化理论及马尔库塞的单向度理论,把社会批判理论作为其立足点,从社会心理学这样的全新视角诠释了他的乌托邦救赎之路。他针对20世纪资本主义社会的现实情况,剖析出消费异化的表现、危害、根源及其消除路径,指出消费不能仅仅是对消费品的消耗和浪费、占有和享乐,而是要在消费的过程中充分展现人的主体性,体现生命的价值和意义。消费应该是理性的、适度的,而不是盲目的、无止境的占有。在中国,伴随着全球化的发展,西方社会的生活方式、文化、价值观念等逐渐渗透到我国日常生活领域,因此,面对如今不同于20世纪的新的时代,弗洛姆的消费异化理论给我们带来了哪些思考,这是本课题的研究目的所在。 N2 - Consumption as a phenomenon exists in human's daily life and is a means of survival. With the progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of production capacity, people's consumption patterns and purposes are constantly changing in the process of consumption, and even some degree of alienation has occurred. As one of the representatives of the Frankfurt School, Fromm carefully analyzed and drew on Marx's theory of labor alienation and Freud's psychoanalytic theory, and drew on Lukács's theory of reification and Marcuse's theory of one-dimensional man, and took social criticism theory as his foothold, and interpreted his Utopian theory from a social psychology. He interprets his utopian path to salvation from a new perspective of social psychology. He analyzes the manifestations, hazards, and root causes of the alienation of consumption and its elimination path in the light of the reality of capitalist society in the 20th century, and points out that consumption should not be merely the consumption and waste of consumer goods, possession and enjoyment, but should fully demonstrate human subjectivity and embody the value and meaning of life in the process of consumption. Consumption should be rational and moderate, not blind and endlessly possessive. In China, along with the development of globalization, the lifestyle, culture, and values of Western society have gradually penetrated into the field of our daily life. Therefore, in the face of the new era nowadays, which is different from the 20th century, what thoughts Fromm's theory of consumption alienation has brought to us is the purpose of this research. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Su, Lina T1 - On Binx’s >Search< in >The Moviegoer< in the View of Fromm’s Freedom, Master thesis, World Literature, North East Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Walker Percy is a well-known southern American writer in the 1950s in the literary circles. He won the National Book Award in 1962 for >The Moviegoer<. In his works, Walker Percy unfolds people’s quests for the living ways and the diagnosis of contemporary American social problems. In >The Moviegoer<, the protagonist, Binx is engaged in a quest for a new living way, which is defined by himself the >search<; however, the >search< appears pointless and ambiguous. What is the >search< has been the focus of many scholars since its publication. Taking Binx’s >search< in >The Moviegoer< as the research target, this thesis employs Erich Fromm’s theory of freedom to interpret Binx’s plight and way out in a comprehensive way, pointing out that Binx >search< is a process from positive freedom to negative freedom proposed by Fromm. The thesis is divided into three parts: introduction, Chapter 1 to Chapter 3 and conclusion. The introduction summarizes Walker Percy’s life and literary creation experience, the research background of Walker Percy’s works at home and abroad and the introduction to Erich Fromm’s theory of freedom as the theoretical base. The first chapter explores that the origin of Binx’s >search< is that he falls into a stage of negative freedom, which is manifested in the rupture of the primary ties in society and family and in the isolation from the outside world. The second chapter analyzes the mistake of Binx’s >search< lies in his intention to escape from freedom. Binx is addicted to playing movie stars’ roles, submitting to anonymous authority, and being a consumer. In the view of Fromm’s theory of freedom, he escapes from freedom by submission and conformity. The third chapter studies that the solution of Binx’s >search< is to achieve positive freedom, which can be realized through love and creative work. Binx pursues love, creative work, and the uniqueness of the individual. Finally, this thesis concludes that Binx’s >search< is the realization of man’s free development defined by Fromm. [www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sun, Zhenzhong T1 - An Analysis of the Existential Dilemma of Modern Man in >Seize the Day< from Fromm's Humanistic Theory [从弗洛姆的人本主义理论分析《勿失良辰》中现代人的生存困境] [application of Fromm’s theories to art] JF - New Documentary [新纪实], No. 2 (2022), pp. 47-50. N2 - 索尔·贝娄是唯一一位拥有犹太背景的诺贝尔文学奖得主,在世界上享有很高的声望。1976年,他获得诺贝尔文学奖,其作品《勿失良辰》(Seize the Day)被认为是他最好的作品,该作品描述了主人公威尔姆痛苦但具有重要意义的一天,穿插着对过去经历的回忆,生动地展现了荒诞世界中现代人的生存困境。本文尝试从弗洛姆的人本主义理论分析《勿失良辰》,旨在分析小说中主人公的悲惨生活状况,探讨这一生存困境的形成原因,并揭示其最终的救赎之路,以便读者能更好地理解贝娄的人文思想。 N2 - Saul Bellow, the only Nobel laureate with a Jewish background and a high reputation in the world, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1976 for his work >Seize the Day<, considered his best work, which describes the painful but significant day of the main character Wilhelm, interspersed with memories of past experiences, vividly showing the existential dilemma of modern man in a dystopian world. This paper attempts to analyze >Seize the Day< from Fromm's theory of humanism, aiming to analyze the novel's protagonist's miserable living condition, explore the causes of this existential dilemma, and reveal his ultimate path to redemption so that readers can better understand Bellow's humanistic thought. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Zi T1 - The Critical Theory of Capitalism under Han Byung-chul’s Psychopolitics, Master thesis, Philosophy; Politics, The Critical Theory of Capitalism under Han Byung-chul’s Psychopolitics Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2022. N2 - Since the 1980s, new changes have taken place in capitalism: neoliberalism has become the main political and economic practice in contemporary western capitalist society, while the mode of production has gradually shifted from materiality to the parallel production mode of materiality and non-materiality. The rule mode of capitalism has changed from negative power to positive power. In the operation process of contemporary capitalism, although it seems to emphasize individual freedom and liberation, it still insists on the logic of capital multiplication to rule the operation of the whole society in essence. Therefore, it also causes various social problems in the western capitalist society. How to understand the society under the power operation of contemporary neoliberalism, where its contemporary symptoms are manifested, and how to deal with it have also aroused the attention and concern of many social critical theorists, so many theories of understanding and surpassing contemporary capitalist society have emerged. Han Byung-chul’s critical theory of psychopolitics was born. The theory of >psycho-politics< has a self-evident need to be distinguished from the analytic Marxism of Fromm, Horkheimer, and Althusser. On the surface, although psychoanalysis and psychopolitics share the thinking of >spirit<, their purport and analysis methods are quite different. Psychoanalysis of Marxism is to psychoanalysis as a way to how individual psychology works interpretation in the manipulation of capitalism, and Han Byung-chul political theory put forward by the spirit is the spiritual production as the breakthrough point, discusses the new liberal regime by >self optimization> and >emotion< economic Angle used to describe the spirit be capital. In fact, this is also a critique of the capitalist ideology of deep thinking. As a social critic, Han Byung-chul was influenced by the development of contemporary capitalist society and the theories of the existing social critics. So he is not only in combination with the new situation of the contemporary developed capitalism, at the same time also learn to many social critics, especially the critical theory of Marx’s capital, the Frankfurt school’s theory of ideological criticism, aesthetic liberation theory and life, a political scientist at foucault and others thought, for their own critical theory analysis model to lay the ideological foundation. After the politics of life has become an important perspective of neoliberal governance, the politics of spirit proposed by Han Byung-chul can be regarded as an important supplement to the politics of life. At present, the thinking of governance should also shift from physical domination to spiritual thinking. Han Byung-chul ’s overall analysis of psycho-politics contains the overall logic of neoliberal power operation. In Byung-Chul Han’s analysis, burnout society, transparent society and performance society constitute three perspectives to examine contemporary capitalism, which also contains the results of the role of spiritual and political power, monitoring power and capital power. Among them, the theory of >self-exploitation< constitutes the core theory of Byung-Chul Han’s critique of psychopolitics. Whether >self-exploitation< constitutes a breakthrough point to solve contemporary problems beyond Marx’s critical view of capital. This paper attempts to understand the theory of self-exploitation put forward by Han Byung-chul from the perspective of Marx’s capital criticism. Although Han Byung-chul thinks that self-exploitation constitutes the existing state of contemporary individual alienation, he does not understand the way of individual existence from the employment labor system, so he does not get to the root of individual alienation in capitalist society. Secondly, by analyzing Marx’s critique of political economy to Han Byung-chul proposed social alienation phenomenon, we found that the power of capital as the essential power structure of the contemporary social daily life way, and Han Byungchul liberation path is not functioning, according to the theory of capital and power in modern society, but only through the liberation of consciousness, Therefore, it misses the essential elements of the critique of capitalism. Han Byung-chul’s theory of self-exploitation is not tenable in the context of political economy criticism. Self-exploitation is simply the result of modern capitalism making its methods of exploitation more secretive. Han Byung-chul’s critique of contemporary capitalist society based on the theory of psycho-politics does not surpass the theoretical roots of Marx’s critique of capital. However, Marx’s critical theory of political economy may respond to the current form of social alienation as an essential dimension of Marx’s critical theory of political economy, which criticizes the mode of production and multiplication of capital. Han Byung-chul is based on a contemporary social critical theory constructed in the development reality of contemporary capitalism. The ultimate appeal of his theory is consistent with That of Marx. Han Byung-chul perspective of contemporary capitalist society effectiveness not only embodies the contemporary of Marxism, but also face to face with modern problems put forward the path of liberation and beyond, is to rebuild the other in order to reconstruct a new relationship, at the same time through lust to open up a redemption of emotions and the individual psychology, and to call for the reconstruction of the authority, a truth so as to resist the rule of capitalism. The road of aesthetic redemption of Frankfurt School also constitutes a main way for Han Byung-chul to transcend modernity. He criticizes the logic of contemporary capital multiplication, so as to escape the alienation caused by capital to individuals through the desire for beauty, and reform individual life field through aesthetic redemption. In general, it is very valuable for Han Byung-chul to analyze the pathological features of contemporary capitalist society based on >psycho-politics<. He provided a new way of thinking about the contemporary capitalist society and deepened his criticism of the capitalist society. However, he did not clarify the root of capitalist social alienation, did not combine the basic thinking of Marx and Engels’ political economy criticism, and only gave a limited way to transcend social alienation from the subject point of view. However, Han Byung-chul’s critical theory of spiritual politics also has some practical enlightenment, that is, it urges us to reflect on the operating mechanism of contemporary capitalist society, liberate alienated labor, and promote the reform of civilization concept. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Wenchang Wang T1 - It's Aways better to give than to Take [给,永远比拿愉快] JF - 检察风云 [Prosecutorial View], No. 13 (2022), p. 89. N2 - 手上有一本弗洛姆的《爱的艺术》,李健鸣翻译,上海译文出版社出版。近日偶然阅读,里面的一段话让我记忆深刻:>‘给’是力量的最高表现,恰恰是通过‘给’,我才能体验我的力量,我的‘富裕’,我的‘活力’,体验充满了快乐。我感到自己生气勃勃,因而欣喜万分。‘给’比‘得’带来的快乐更多,这不是因为‘给’是一种牺牲,而是因为通过‘给’表现了我的生命力。< N2 - Just now I have a copy of Fromm's >The Art of Loving, translated by Li Jianming and published by Shanghai Translation Press. Recently, I happened to read it, and I remembered a passage in it: >'Give' is the highest expression of power, and it is precisely through 'giving' that I can experience my power, my 'affluence', my 'vitality', experience full of joy. I feel myself alive and thus exultant. 'Giving' brings more joy than 'getting', not because 'giving' is a sacrifice, but because by 'giving ' expresses my vitality.< [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Zijuan T1 - Modern People's Happiness under Fromm's >The Art of Loving< [弗洛姆《爱的艺术》下现代人的幸福感] JF - Journal: Literature Education, No. 10 (2022), pp. 24-26. N2 - 现代社会的快速发展和消费主义横行,使全社会陷入一场幸福危机。缺乏幸福感,但同时又在努力追求幸福是现代人的生存状态。关于幸福的问题至今没有标准答案。对于现代人幸福感的研究,弗洛姆继承了并发展了马克思的实践理论,在《爱的艺术》著作中,通过阐述爱的途径引导人们学习爱的理论,建立爱的能力,去构建幸福生活和幸福社会。 N2 - The rapid development of modern society and the rampant consumerism have plunged the whole society into a happiness crisis. Lack of happiness, but at the same time striving for happiness is the state of existence of modern people. There is no standard answer to the question about happiness so far. For the study of modern people's happiness, Fromm inherited and developed Marx's practical theory, and in his work >The Art of Love<, he guides people to learn the theory of love and build the ability of love to build a happy life and a happy society by elaborating the ways of love. [Translation: DeepL/Translator, free version, 12/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Lu T1 - A Study of Alienation in >The Sympathizer<, Master thesis, World Literature, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2022 [application of Fromm’s theories to art]. N2 - Viet Thanh Nguyen is an outstanding contemporary American writer of Vietnamese descent. His debut work, >The Sympathizer<, has received widespread attention from the literary world since it was published and has won many literary awards. >The Sympathizer< tells the protagonist’s story serving as a double-face spy in North Vietnam and South Vietnam after the Vietnam War. He is torn not only between his covert mission and his cover identity but also between his homeland and the United States, and between his French and Vietnamese ancestries. He splits between these two worlds. Being tortured by multiple identities, coupled with a tense individual environment, his inner world is full of anxiety, and eventually alienated. In addition to this, characters in >The Sympathizer< are all alienated to some degree. Erich Fromm is a famous American psychoanalyst and an important representative of the Frankfurt School of Western Marxism. This thesis tends to apply his views on alienation to the discussion of the characters’ self-alienation, alienation in interpersonal relations and alienation from society in >The Sympathizer<, and probe into the causes of the alienation. The thesis includes an introduction, five main chapters, and a conclusion. The introductory section briefly introduces Viet Thanh Nguyen’s life experience and the main content of >The Sympathizer<, literature review, and the thesis statement.– Chapter 1 briefly describes the origins and development of the alienation theory and focuses on Fromm’s viewpoints on alienation. This chapter points that the alienation is chiefly embodied in human alienation which includes people’s self-alienation, alienation in interpersonal relations and alienation from society.– Chapter 2 analyzes the self-alienation in >The Sympathizer<. The characters’ self-alienation can be presented through changes in their identity, behavior, and psychology.– Chapter Three analyzes the alienation in interpersonal relations in >The Sympathizer< mainly from the two aspects of family relationship and gender relationship. In the alienation of family relations, the absence of the father and the contempt of relatives are discussed. In the alienation of the relationship between the sexes, the imbalance between the status of lovers’ sexual pleasure instead of love is analyzed, which indicates that there is neither love nor trust or responsibility among people, but merely hostility and indifference.– Chapter 4 analyzes the alienation from society. The scope of all human activities must be governed and manipulated by relevant rules and regulations. It is mainly reflected in the fact that people become tools in social activities. At the same time, people follow the principle of benefit-oriented behavior in actions.– Chapter 5 analyzes the factors leading to human alienation from two aspects: external factors and internal factors. The former includes wars between nations, splits within countries, and different cultural values between the white and nonwhite; the latter involves moral degradation and the strong power of Hollywood discourse.– The conclusion indicates that alienation is widespread in the society and it is a common problem or challenge faced by all human beings. The thesis applies Fromm’s alienation theory to conduct a comprehensive analysis of >The Sympathizer<, aiming to expose the alienation phenomenon in society truly and profoundly, which helps people seek the right direction on the road of self-seeking and has specific practical significance. [www.cnki.net, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Lijuan T1 - Study on Teaching Strategy of Family Unit in Junior High School Edited by the Ministry, Master thesis, Secondary Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China 2022. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available.] Family affection is the emotion that can’t cut off in one’s whole life. Since ancient times, the Chinese nation has always attached great importance to family ties. Family education is never out of date. The Times call for students with both moral integrity and ability. In recent years, the rapid development of China’s economy has also brought a series of problems, the weak concept of family affection and the lack of family education has aroused people’s high attention. This paper takes the family affection unit of the unified compilation of junior high school Chinese textbooks that has been put into use nationwide as the research object, and discusses the family affection unit from five aspects, including the following contents. First of all, the paper reveals the basis and necessity of family affection education in junior high school chinese. Theories include Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Erikson’s theory of stages of personality development and Fromm’s art of loving. Then from the three aspects of moral cultivation, socialist cultural construction and carrying forward the traditional virtues of filial piety and respect for the elderly, the necessity of this research is expounded.– Secondly, it sorts out the compilation of the unified version of junior high school Chinese family unit, and analyzes it from four dimensions: text selection system, reading aid system, practice system and knowledge system. Also it excavates the hidden teaching resources in the books.– Thirdly, it investigates the current situation of the unified junior high school Chinese family unit teaching, and on the basis of analyzing the data, it finds that there are problems such as insufficient in-depth text interpretation, old-fashioned and single reading way, insufficient emotional input, and lack of guidance in extended reading.– The fourth part discusses the implementation strategy of unified junior middle school Chinese family unit teaching. This chapter is also the core of this paper. Multiple teaching strategies can be adopted in the specific teaching practice of family unit. Such as the use of knowledge, rich knowledge reserves; In-depth reading of the text, mining the emotional value; Organize reading training to arouse emotional resonance; strengthen situational teaching to stimulate learning interest; carry out dialogue between teachers and students to generate feelings of affection; Linkage inside and outside the classroom, expand learning resources and so on.– Lastly, based on junior high school Chinese family unit teaching strategy to display two teaching designs >Golden Flower< and >Lotus Leaf-Mother<. [English: www.cnki.net, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Junling T1 - >Moby-Dick<: A Classic Interpretation from the Perspective of Alienation Theory [《白鲸》:异化理论视角下的经典解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - New Documentary [新纪实], No. 8 (2022), pp. 53-56. N2 - 19世纪以来,卢梭、马克思、弗洛姆等人从多个角度丰富了异化理论的内容,这为文学作品的研究提供了新方向。《白鲸》是梅尔维尔笔下的一部结构宏大、意义深刻的现实主义小说。本文根据异化理论,立足小说故事情节与人物性格特点,从人与劳动生产之间的异化、人与人之间的异化以及人的自我异化三个方面解读《白鲸》,分析美国以>披谷德号<捕鲸船为代表的异化现象,从而得到现实意义上的思考。 N2 - Since the 19th century, Rousseau, Marx, Fromm and others have enriched the theory of alienation from several perspectives, which provides new directions for the study of literary works. >Moby Dick< is a realistic novel with a grand structure and profound meaning written by Melville. Based on the theory of alienation, this paper analyzes >Moby Dick< from three aspects: alienation between human beings and labor production, alienation between human beings and human self-alienation, based on the novel's storyline and character characteristics, and analyzes the phenomenon of alienation represented by the whaling ship >Pequod< in the United States, so as to get realistic thinking. [Translation: www.Deep/L Translator, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wake, Naoko A1 - Frie, Roger A1 - Sauvayre, Pascal T1 - The roots of interpersonal psychoanalysis: Harry S. Sullivan, interdisciplinary inquiry, and subjectivity JF - R. Frie and P. Sauvayre (Eds., Culture, Politics and Race in the Making of Interpersonal Psychoanalysis. Breaking Boundaries, London and New York (Routledge) 2022, pp. 21-48. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Shan T1 - A Study of Women's Pursuit of Freedom under Fromm's Theory of Freedom – Taking Peter Handke's >Wunschloses Unglück< and >Die linkshändige Frau< as an Example [弗洛姆自由理论下女性追求自由之研究 ——以彼得·汉德克的《无欲的悲歌》和《左撇子女人》为例], Master thesis, World Literature, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 彼得·汉德克(1942.12.06—)是奥地利著名作家、剧作家、电影编剧和导演。2019年汉德克获得了诺贝尔文学奖。20世纪70年代汉德克发表了两部以女性为主人公的作品——《无欲的悲歌》(1972)和《左撇子女人》(1976)。在这两部作品中,汉德克笔触细腻地书写了两个女主人公——母亲和玛丽安娜对自由的追求,揭示了男权社会对女性长久的压迫以及女性在弱势境况下的抗争,作品一经发表就引起了社会的高度关注。汉德克笔下的两位女主人公对自由的追求是贯穿两部作品的线索。国内外大多数学者对两部作品的研究都集中女性主义、互文性、叙事手法等角度,尚未有学者从女性追求自由的角度对两部作品进行阐释。因此,本文旨在以弗洛姆自由理论解读母亲和玛丽安娜的追求自由之路并深入剖析两个女主人公追求自由不同结局的原因,进而阐明汉德克的女性自由观。个体为获得自由而摆脱了既为其提供庇护又束缚其发展的>始发纽带<后,陷入了无能为力的孤立状态。面对巨大的无助和孤独,个体有两种选择:一种是逃避自由带来的负担,以牺牲自我为代价逃向>继发纽带<,重新建立依赖与臣服关系;另一种则是继续前进,积极发挥自发性,努力实现以个体的独一无二及个性为基础的积极自由。母亲被原生家庭保护的同时,也被其束缚,因此她选择逃离原生家庭。然而面对着失去原生家庭这一>始发纽带<后的巨大的孤独和无助,母亲以牺牲自我为代价,试图通过臣服于男权、盲从于他人在>继发纽带<中获得安全和稳定。然而>继发纽带<只是禁锢个体的又一个枷锁,母亲最终心灰意冷,选择逃避现实,而这更加剧了母亲的孤独和无助。最终,在现实和理想之间的困境中徘徊的母亲没能获得自由,而是走向了灭亡。玛丽安娜在获得看似幸福,实则枯燥乏味的婚姻庇护的同时,也被其压抑了个性,束缚了发展。因此玛丽安娜选择逃离婚姻这一>始发纽带<。但与母亲的选择相反,玛丽安娜在面对逃离婚姻后的孤独和无助时,并未逃向>继发纽带<,而是选择正视孤独,坚持自我,勇敢反抗男权,在积极同世界相连中探寻生命的意义。最终,玛丽安娜获得了积极自由。母亲和玛丽安娜追求自由结局不同,究其原因可从主客观两个层面进行分析。在保守压抑的环境中长大的母亲习惯性依赖他人,害怕孤独且抗拒独处,并在不平等的感情关系中愈发失去爱人与爱己的能力,这些都一定程度上对母亲追求自由产生消极影响。而玛丽安娜则在较为开明宽松的家庭氛围中长大,在追求自由过程中不仅始终坚持自我,正视孤独,在独处中通过内省反思自我,而且能够有尊严地爱人和爱己,保持对生活的热忱,在爱中积极与世界相连。此外,玛丽安娜所处时代正值女权运动兴起,女性意识觉醒,这为玛丽安娜追求自由创造了有利客观条件。对比母亲和玛丽安娜对自由之追求可窥汉德克的女性自由观。汉德克认为女性只有在良好的客观生存环境和自身主观努力缺一不可的情况下方能获得积极自由。在他看来,独处是女性通往自由的必经之路,在独处中女性方能通过自省找到与世界相处的模式;对生活、自我及他人之爱是女性追求自由的动力源泉;良好的日常生活环境则为女性获得自由创造了必要条件。 N2 - Peter Handke (1942.12.06-) is a famous Austrian author, playwright, film screenwriter and director. In 2019 Handke was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. In the 1970s Handke published two works featuring female protagonists – >Wunschloses Unglück< (1972) [>A Sorrow Beyond Dreams: A Life Story<] and >Die linkshändige Frau< (1976) [>The Left-Handed Woman<]. In these two works, Handke wrote delicately about the pursuit of freedom by the two female protagonists, Mother and Marianne, and revealed the long-standing oppression of women by the patriarchal society as well as the struggle of women in disadvantaged situations, which aroused a great deal of attention from the society upon the publication of the works. The pursuit of freedom by the two heroines in Handke's work is the thread running through the two works. Most scholars at home and abroad have focused on feminism, intertextuality and narrative techniques, but no scholars have interpreted the two works from the perspective of women's pursuit of freedom. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to use Fromm's theory of freedom to interpret the pursuit of freedom of the mother and Marianne, and to analyze the reasons for the different endings of the two heroines' pursuit of freedom, so as to elucidate Handke's view of women's freedom.– In order to be free, an individual is trapped in a helpless and isolated state after getting rid of the >initiating bond< that both shelters and restrains her development. Faced with great helplessness and loneliness, the individual has two choices: one is to escape from the burden of freedom, fleeing to the >secondary ties< at the expense of the self and re-establishing a relationship of dependence and submission; the other is to move on, actively exercising spontaneity and striving to realize positive freedom based on the uniqueness and individuality of the individual. The mother was protected by her family of origin but at the same time bound by it, so she chose to run away from her family of origin. However, faced with great loneliness and helplessness after losing the >initial bond< of the family of origin, the mother tries to obtain security and stability in the >secondary bond< by submitting to the male authority and blindly obeying others at the expense of herself. However, the >secondary bond< is just another shackle that imprisons the individual, and the mother eventually becomes disillusioned and chooses to escape from reality, which exacerbates the mother's loneliness and helplessness. In the end, the mother, who is torn between the reality and the ideal, does not gain freedom, but goes to her demise. While Marianne is sheltered by the seemingly happy but actually boring marriage, she is also suppressed by it and restricted in her development. Therefore, Marianne chooses to run away from the >initiating bond< of marriage. However, contrary to her mother's choice, Marianna does not run away to the >secondary bond< when she faces the loneliness and helpless¬ness after running away from her marriage. Instead, she chooses to face the loneliness squarely, insist on her own self, bravely resist the patriarchal power, and explore the meaning of life in actively connecting with the world. In the end, Marianne obtains positive freedom.– The reasons for the different endings of mother and Marianne's pursuit of freedom can be analyzed from both subjective and objective levels. Growing up in a conservative and repressive environment, the mother is habitually dependent on others, afraid of lone¬liness and resistant to being alone, and loses her ability to love people and herself in unequal relationships, all of which have a certain degree of negative impact on her pursuit of freedom. Marianne, on the other hand, grew up in a more open and relaxed family atmosphere, and in her pursuit of freedom, she not only insists on herself, faces loneliness, and reflects on herself through introspection in solitude, but also is able to love people with dignity, maintains enthusiasm for life, and actively connects with the world in love. In addition, Marianne lived in the era of the rise of feminist movement and the awakening of women's consciousness, which created favorable conditions for Marianne's pursuit of freedom. Comparing the pursuit of freedom between her mother and Marianne, we can see Handke's view of women's freedom. Handke believes that women can only obtain positive freedom if they have a good objective living environment and their own subjective efforts. In his view, solitude is a necessary path to freedom, in which women can find a mode of living with the world through introspection; love of life, self and others is the source of motivation for women's pursuit of freedom; and a good daily life environment creates the necessary conditions for women's freedom. [Translation: www.DeepL./Translator, free version, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Ling T1 - >The Unbreakable Umbilical Cord of Life< Group Teaching [>剪不断的生命脐带<群文教学] 剪不断的生命脐带] JF - Teaching Reference of Middle School Language [中学语文教学参考], No. 22 (2022), 28-30. N2 - 群文阅读能让学生的思维方式变得多元化,思维获得提升,让语文教学焕发新的活力。基于此,笔者设计了以《群文阅读高中读本》(高一)中>剪不断的生命脐带<为议题的群文教学。前置任务:学生运用浏览、默读、批读、细读等方法阅读,整体感知文本内容,并完成导学案。课堂探究:首先,通过分析《触龙说赵太后》(《战国策》)掌握劝说的艺术,懂得由>父母之爱子,则为之计深远<到>对一朵花的爱是欣赏与合理的浇灌<的关于真爱的哲学。其次,比较阅读《我的母亲》(胡适)《谢幕的教养》(刘心武)《母亲的力量》(孟鸿)《多年父子成兄弟》(汪曾祺)《父母与孩子之间的爱》(艾里希·弗洛姆),分析概括父母行为、性格和对孩子的影响,感受父母对孩子的爱,激起学生心灵的共鸣。 N2 - Just as a result of group reading, students' thinking can be diversified and enhanced, and language teaching can be revitalized. Based on this, I designed a group text teaching based on the topic of >The unbreakable umbilical cord of life< in the >Group Reading High School Reader< (senior one). Preliminary task: Students read the text by skimming, silent reading, critical reading, and close reading, and complete the guided study. Classroom Exploration: First, students will analyze >Touching the Dragon and Saying to the Empress Dowager Zhao< (The Strategy of the Warring States) to master the art of persuasion and understand the philosophy of true love from >A parent's love for a son is a far-reaching plan< to >Love for a flower is appreciation and reasonable watering<. Secondly, we will read >My Mother< (Hu Shih), >The Curtain of Parenting< (Liu Xinwu), >The Power of Motherhood< (Meng Hong), >Father and Son Become Brothers< (Wang Zengqi), >Love between Parents and Children< (Erich Fromm), analyze and summarize parents' behavior, character and influence on their children, and feel the love of parents for their children, so as to arouse students' spiritual resonance. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version; 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Linrui T1 - Research on >The Cement Garden< after Fromm’s Theory of Human Nature, Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2022 [application of Fromm’s theories to art]. N2 - Ian Mc Ewan is one of the most influential novelists in the contemporary British literary world. He has won he Booker Prize, the Maugham Prize for Literature and so on. Mc Ewan’s >The Cement Garden< was published in 1978, which is one of his outstanding and representative works in his early career. On the basis of Fromm’s theory of human nature the thesis aims to analyze the growth environment of the children in >The Cement Garden< and its influence on the construction of the children’s personality in three aspects: the needs satisfaction, the love interactions and the formation of social personalities. Through the analysis of the children’s growth in the three aspects the thesis interprets the inevitability the tragedy of the children and we can deeply understand Mc Ewan’s reflection on human nature and his pursuit and exploration of the sound human nature. The thesis is divided into four chapters besides introduction and conclusion. The introduction part briefly introduces Mc Ewan’s life, creation and his important work >The Cement Garden<. On this basis it reviews the research status of the novel both at home and abroad, thus clarifying the innovation of the thesis and explaining the purpose, significance and structure of the thesis. The first chapter is the theoretical basis, which briefly reviews the origin and development of Fromm’s theory of human nature. It discusses in detail the people’s needs, the emotion interactions and the formation of social personalities in the theory of human nature.– The second chapter analyzes the unsatisfying needs of the children in the construction of human nature. The insufficient association, the deficiency of root-seeking requirements and the unfulfilling sense of identity make the children cannot satisfy their critical needs in the growth process. Mc Ewan also shows that only by establishing contact and communication, paying attention to spiritual needs and improving sense of identity can the children improve their sound human nature in a positive and active life.– The third chapter discusses the lack of love interactions in the construction of human nature. Because of the mother’s unconditional love, the father’s conditional love, the unequal emotion interactions of the siblings and the abnormal and selfish self-love the family members lack the ability of caring for others and the ability of efficient interactions. At the same time the children also show the efforts to build the sound human nature in their limited brotherhood and pursuit of beauty and emotion.– The fourth chapter discusses the formation of the social personalities of the children in the construction of human nature. With the non-productive personality and the negative behavioral representations the children cannot interact effectively with the outside world and they drift away from the society. At the same time, Mc Ewan also shows that only in the satisfaction of human instinct and the healthy family relationships can the children form the positive social personality.– The conclusion part of the thesis points out that >The Cement Garden< reveals the necessity of a healthy growth environment for the construction of the sound human nature of the children. The exploration of children’s growth environment from the perspective of human nature theory not only shows the author’s concern for the human nature problem in the children’s growth, but also provides new ideas on how to construct the sound human nature in modern society. On the basis of Fromm’s theory of human nature the thesis analyzes the construction of human nature of the children in >The Cement Garden< in three aspects: the needs satisfaction, the love interactions and the formation of social personalities. Fromm’s theory of human nature shows that the satisfaction of needs, the comfort of emotions and the positive social personality are the indispensable factors for the construction of the sound human nature. In the novel the children grow up without these factors and result in the final tragic ending. However, >The Cement Garden< is not a worthless work describing the morbid survival state. Mc Ewen shows that the sound human nature plays an important role in the growth of children. Therefore, the novel is of profound social significance in arousing the concern and reflection of contemporary people on the construction of the sound human nature and healthy society. The analysis of >The Cement Garden< through the use of Fromm’s theory of human nature can provide a new perspective for the study of McEwen’s works. [English: www.cnki.net, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Tian T1 - Research on Fromm’s Humanistic Thought, Master thesis, Philosophy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China 2022. N2 - Nowadays, the society is in the rapid development stage of scientific and technological innovation. However, to some extent, the traditional extensive concept of development has led to increasingly tense conflicts, resulting in increasingly serious conflicts between man and nature, man and man, man and society, and man and himself, seriously affecting the sound development of human society. In China, people-oriented is the starting point and the driving force of social development. >People-centered< is an important principle for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. In this regard, the importance of human beings is self-evident. In the field of foreign humanistic thought, Fromm is one of the most representative scholars. This thesis examines Fromm’s anthropological thought from three aspects: the formation, logical composition, and evaluation of his anthropological thought. The formation of Fromm’s humanistic thought is inseparable from three aspects: personal experience, social background, and its theoretical origin. In the logical composition of Fromm’s humanistic thought, human nature is the core element of Fromm’s humanistic thought. He carried out research and analysis on human nature from four aspects. First, the dualistic definition of human nature. Specifically discussed from the following angles: one was based on the original living conditions, insurmountable survival ambiguities and non-inevitable history to explain the contradiction of human nature; the other was to analyze the relationship between human nature and human nature and the relationship between human nature and survival needs to interpret human consciousness. Secondly, Fromm regarded the concept of social character as the intermediary link between individuals and society. Thirdly, Fromm analyzed the concept of alienation from the perspective of psychology and sociology, and exposed the alienation of people in modern Western society in the unconscious level and the reality level through criticizing the alienation of capitalism. Finally, Fromm put forward a set of strategies for solving alienation problems based on psychological revolution and social revolution, which provides a relatively complete solution strategy for the problem of social change. Specifically, it takes >moral renewal< as a prerequisite, and at the same time takes into account the reform work in the political, economic and cultural fields, so as to create a better environment for the all-round development of individuals. Fromm’s anthropological thought has the characteristics of value presupposition and utopia. From the standpoint of Marxism, although Fromm’s humanistic thought has certain limitations, the humanistic criticism of his humanistic thought on society has promoted the happiness and development of human beings, which has certain practical significance. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Mingan T1 - Love as an Event [作为事件的爱] JF - Journal of Guangzhou University (Social Science Edition) [广州大学学报], No. 1 (2022), pp. 5-15. N2 - 摘要爱对于两个人来说意味着结合。但是,这种结合有不同的方式和目标。巴迪欧有关爱的结合的观点和传统的爱的结合的观点存在差异。从阿里斯托芬到黑格尔到弗洛姆都强调爱的结合的目的是让两人达成一致,消除差异,从而克服孤独和分歧。但是,巴迪欧则强调爱的结合是一种事件,这样的爱的事件恰恰应该保持差异,肯定差异,只有差异才能让结合的两个人的视角更加丰富,更加多样化,从而获得对真理的新的理解 N2 - Love is the combination of two people, but in different ways and to different ends. Badiou′s view of the combination of love is different from the traditional views. From Aristophanes to Hegel to Fromm, they all asserted that the purpose of the combination of love is to make two people reach agreement, eliminate differences, and overcome loneliness and divisions. However, Badiou believes that the combination of love is an event, and that such an event of love should maintain differences and affirm them. Only differences can make the perspectives of the two combined people rich and diversified and help them to gain a new understanding of the truth. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wetters, Kirk T1 - Spectacle, Ideology, and Rhetoric of the Authoritarian Personality JF - Clemens, M., et al. (Eds.), Die Wiederkehr des autoritären Charakters. Transatlantische Perspektiven, ed. by Manuel Clemens, Thorben Päthe and Marc Petersdorff, Wiesbaden (Springer SV) 2022, pp. 111-124. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wu, Jinrong T1 - Werner’s Pursuit of Positive Freedom – An Analysis of >All the Light We Cannot See< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Theory of Freedom, Master thesis, World Literature, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China [application of Fromm’s theories to art]. N2 - The young American novelist Anthony Doerr spent ten years creating >All the Light We Cannot See<, which won the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Literature for its subtle storyline and beautiful writing upon its publication. The novel tells the story of Werner, an orphan who embarks on the way of negative freedom due to his ignorance to the world and his worship of authoritarianism, and eventually breaks free from various fetters to gain true freedom. The German humanist philosopher Fromm constructs the unique theory of freedom based on psychoanalysis and Marxism. The negative freedom and positive freedom he proposed constitute the core of his theory of freedom. Fromm argues that the removal of external obstacles does not imply true freedom because it does not guarantee the realization of true development of man’s own power. Instead, positive freedom is the essence of freedom, and true freedom can be fully achieved only when man fully exerts his power of spontaneity and creativity and establishes a close connection with the world. Based on Fromm’s theory of freedom, this thesis interprets the manifestations of Werner’s descent into negative freedom in terms of authoritarianism, destructiveness, and automaton conformity. In addition, this thesis addresses three periods of Werner’s pursuit of positive freedom, namely, the beginning period of conscience awakening, the critical period of spontaneous development, and the realization period of positive freedom. True freedom can be achieved only when man lives spontaneously as a complete subject. Negative freedom brings Werner anxiety and loneliness, so he sets out to pursue positive freedom. Ultimately, Werner achieves self-identity and positive freedom through love, creative work and rational faith. The purpose of this thesis is to reveal that freedom from bondage and obstacles offers us only negative freedom, which seems to bring a sense of security but is followed by endless loneliness and nothingness. Unlike negative freedom, positive freedom provides a true sense of happiness and belonging based on self-actualization. We should acknowledge the existence of negative freedom and strive to achieve true freedom through spontaneous love and creative activity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wu, Guanjun T1 - Love Revolution and Algorithmic Revolution: From Platform Capitalism to Post-humanism [爱的革命与算法革命——从平台资本主义到后人类主义] JF - Journal of Shanxi University (Philosophy and Social Science Edition), No. 5 (2022), pp.:11-23. N2 - In the last decade we have witnessed the vast development of AI algorithm, which is perceived as a new approach to solve human problems. Meanwhile, within the humanist framework love is regarded as the answer to human survival as well as to the question of good life. However, love itself is in crisis today. AI (which is exactly how love is pronounced in Chinese/Mandarin), with its algorithmic revolution, is nonetheless powerless in coping with the crisis of love revolution. In the post-humanistic horizon, we are facing three different kinds of >black box<. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xiao, Dawei A1 - Cao, Guihua T1 - Analysis of the Psychological Predicament of Contemporary College Students from the Perspective of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< (2022) [从弗洛姆《逃避自由》的角度分析当代大学生心理困境] JF - Culture Journal [文化学刊], No. 5 (2022), 165-169. N2 - 进入高校的大学生们尚未完全成熟,同时面临着学习与就业过程中的种种问题。2020年至今,新冠肺炎疫情反复出现,中国是世界上控制疫情最好的国家之一,因此,中国大学生出国留学率降低,国内考研升学与考编竞争更加激烈,加剧了大学生学习与择业方面的心理困境。从弗洛姆的《逃避自由》为理论背景分析当代大学生>躺平<>内卷<心态与学习焦虑、内心空虚、择业迷茫、盲目从众的现象,对其进行积极正确引导,增强其自信心,帮助大学生树立正确的学习观及择 N2 - College students who have entered colleges and universities are not yet fully mature, and are faced with various problems in the process of study and employment. Since 2020, the new corona pneumonia epidemic has repeatedly appeared. China is one of the countries with the best control of the epidemic in the world. Therefore, the rate of Chinese college students studying abroad has decreased, and the competition for domestic postgraduate entrance examinations and examinations has become more intense. Psychological Dilemma. From the theoretical background of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< to analyze the phenomena of >lying down< and >involution< mentality and learning anxiety, inner emptiness, confusion in choosing a career, and blind conformity of contemporary college students, and actively and correctly guide them to enhance their self-confidence, to help college students establish a correct view of learning and choose. [Translation: Google translator, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xie, Tianhai T1 - Psychologists across Borders: Erich Fromm and Mid-20th Century America (2022) [跨界的心理学家:埃里克·弗洛姆与20世纪中期的美国] JF - World Culture [世界文化], No. 7 (2022), pp. 10-15 N2 - 在心理学界,埃里克·弗洛姆可谓是一名具有独特风格的学者,与西格蒙特·弗洛伊德、卡尔·荣格等前辈心理学者相比,弗洛姆的学术视野开阔,涉猎广泛,将心理学、神学、社会学、文化学熔为一炉。他不仅著作等身,而且将心理学引入了大众视野,从“二战”到20世纪五六十年代,他的作品不断成为社会关注的焦点,引领并改变着美国人乃至整个西方社会看待世界的方式。本文主要介绍弗洛姆的生平、著作以及其对美国社会生活产生的影响。 N2 - Everything I Never Told You<, Master thesis, World Literature, Xi'an International University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Celeste Ng is one of the most prominent contemporary Chinese American writers. Her debut novel >Everything I Never Told You<, which took six years to complete, has obtained a huge success since it was published. It won the first place of Amazon Book of the Year in 2014, making a sensation in the European and American literary circles. At present, scholars at home and abroad have mostly studied >Everything I Never Told You< from the perspectives of post-colonialism, feminism, cultural conflict, family education and family relations, but few of them have analyzed it from the perspective of alienation. Therefore, this thesis attempts to apply Erich Fromm’s theory of alienation to analyze the alienation theme in >Everything I Never Told You< from three perspectives: the alienation between man and society, the alienation between man and man, and the alienation between man and self, and elaborating on the ways in which each of these family members overcomes alienation to achieve salvation. Through the interpretation of alienation in >Everything I Never Told You<, this thesis aims to reveal the survival dilemma of the interracial families in Celeste Ng’s writings, insinuating the alienated state of modern people, and trying to provide a way for modern people to overcome alienation. When in a state of alienation, people can overcome alienation and achieve salvation by actively facing the dilemma, promoting their self-identity, cultivating the ability to love and building harmonious interpersonal relationships. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yalvac, Faruk T1 - Alienation and Marxism: An Alternative Starting Point for Critical IR Theory JF - E-International Relations, Jan. 27 (2022), pp. 3-7. [ISSN 2053-8626] N2 - This article aims to be an intervention into the recent discussions on the importance anxiety and ontological security in the study of International Relations (IR) (Kinvall and Mitzen, 2020; Hom and Steele, 2020; Rumelili, 2020). The paper poses an alternative critical starting point based on the Marxist concept of alienation. Marx’s work on alienation continued in historical materialist traditions such as in Lukács’ (1971) analysis reification has a lot to offer to the discussions on emotions and anxiety and the development of a politically relevant critical theory of IR. My purpose is to draw attention to the potential of Marxist social theory and particularly the concept of alienation in contributing to the development of an emancipatory critical IR theory. Most of the recent discussions on anxiety remain at an abstract level. The recent existential accounts of anxiety and ontological insecurity have subjectivist and idealist conceptions failing to account for the structures of power and domination in capitalist society. However, Marx’s concept of alienation deals with the consequences of power and domination in a more historically specific way (Sayers 2011, 1) providing the basis for a more meaningful social critique oriented to human emancipation. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - The New World of Values in Michael Ende's >Die unendliche Geschichte< [米切尔·恩德小说《永远讲不完的故事》中的新价值世界T], Master thesis, World Literature, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 《永远讲不完的故事》是德国作家米切尔·恩德最具代表性的青少年奇幻文学作品之一。作者借以小主人公巴斯蒂安在现实世界的遭遇深刻阐释现代人的普遍精神现状:孤独和内心荒芜,并致力于通过主人公在幻想王国的冒险重建一个新的价值世界来改变现状。为寻找这个新的价值世界,本文首先借用社会心理学家弗洛姆的“>社会性格<理论对文章提及的旧世界以及不同社会模式下的价值进行挖掘,再对生活在这些价值模式下的人进行主体间性分析。通过分析导致巴斯蒂安孤独以及内心荒芜的是一个理性当道的世界,而帮助他从幻想王国重回现实世界的则是>爱<。在这个以爱为名的世界里,爱不仅帮助巴斯蒂安突破孤独的壁垒,而且用其所独有的创造性丰富个体内心世界。除此之外,爱还帮助巴斯蒂安以全新的观点发现世界,重寻自我。因此,>爱<作为新的价值当之无愧,必能引导人类精神重新归家,还给人其人性尊严。 N2 - >Die unendliche Geschichte< [>The Neverending Story<] is one of the most representative works of young people's fantasy literature by German author Michael Ende. The author uses the encounter of the young protagonist Bastian in the real world to profoundly explain the common spiritual status of modern people: loneliness and inner desolation, and devotes himself to rebuilding a new value world through the adventures of the protagonist in the fantasy kingdom to change the status quo. In order to find this new world of values, this paper first uses social psychologist Fromm's >social character< theory to explore the old world and the values under different social models mentioned in the article, and then analyzes the inter-subjectivity of people living under these value models. Through this analysis, Bastian's loneliness and inner desolation are caused by a world where reason prevails, while >love< helps him to return from the fantasy kingdom to the real world. In this world of love, love not only helps Bastian to break through the barrier of loneliness, but also enriches his inner world with its unique creativity. In addition, love helps Bastian to discover the world with a new perspective and to rediscover himself. Therefore, >love< is a new value that will lead the human spirit back to its home and restore its human dignity. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shanqi A1 - Yang, Xiaorui T1 - Consumption Alienation in the Digital Economy Era: Roots, Manifestations and Return to Autonomy [数字经济时代的消费异化:根源、表现与回归] JF - Unity, No. 6 (2022), pp. 33-35. N2 - 面对百年未有之大变局,>加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局<,消费已成为打通国内大循环生产、分配、流通、消费各个环节的重要突破口,作为劳动力再生产的必要手段,消费结构和质量更是关系到人民对美好生活的追求。数字经济时代人民消费的方式、内容和结构都发生了深刻的变革,消费主义文化在虚拟和现实世界交互中被放大,导致背离人本身需要的数字消费异化现象越来越成为一个不容忽视的社会问题。一、消费异化的根源消费异化理论可追溯到法兰克福学派埃里希·弗洛姆和赫伯特·马尔库塞的>消费领域的异化>和>虚假的需要<等概念。弗洛姆提到:因为消费成了目的本身因为消费不再是为了使用或享受买来的消费物品,所以购买和消费的行为成了强迫性的和非理性的目的。>同样,马尔库塞认为消费异化使人按照<虚假的需求>而消费,<>虚假的需求<是指那些在个人的压抑中由特殊的社 … N2 - In the face of the unprecedented changes in a century, >accelerate the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic circulation as the main body and the domestic and international circulation promoting each other<, consumption has become an important breakthrough to open the various links of production, distribution, circulation and consumption of the domestic circulation, as a necessary means of labor reproduction, the structure and quality of consumption is more related to People's pursuit of a better life. The way, content and structure of people's consumption in the digital economy have undergone profound changes, and the culture of consumerism has been amplified in the interaction between the virtual and real worlds, resulting in the alienation of digital consumption that deviates from people's own needs, which is becoming a social problem that cannot be ignored. The theory of consumer alienation can be traced back to the concepts of >alienation in the field of consumption< and >false needs< by Erich Fromm and Herbert Marcuse of the Frankfurt School. Fromm mentioned that >because consumption becomes an end in itself because it is no longer for the use or enjoyment of the bought consumer goods, the act of buying and consuming becomes a compulsive and irrational end.< Similarly, Marcuse argues that consumer alienation makes people consume according to >false needs<, >false needs< are those that are repressed by the individual in a special social … [Translation: www.deepL/Translator, free version, 5/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yerushalmi, Hanoch T1 - On the strengthening and enlivening influence of being with patients and supervisees JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 2, 2022), pp. 118-128. N2 - Analytic writers have studied existential anxiety or annihilation anxiety, emanating from traumatic disruptions to people’s sense of going-on-being, reminders of their finitude, and facing a chaotic reality, and suggested that they can endure this anxiety by being with and living through it together with another person. The literature suggests that to be with patients who experience such anxiety, therapists need to indulge >narcissistically< in their own memories and fantasies of similar experiences, and, in parallel to the patients, enter transient regressive states. Sometimes, however, therapists are faced with a chaotic analytic reality that arouses existential anxiety in themselves, and seek to share it with their supervisors who, by experiencing parallel regressive states, can identify with their supervisees and grasp their experiences. Supervisors who consistently fail to be with their supervisees at such moments and persist in offering them new constructions of therapeutic materials might strengthen the supervisees’ defensive operations and disrupt their development as therapists. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yerushalmi, Hanoch T1 - Supervisees’ professional development and the analytic community JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 1, 2022), pp. 024-033. N2 - Children construct their inner worlds by internalizing real and imagined aspects of their parental figures and their families as whole objects with their relational configurations. These familial configurations are often evoked in the context of communities that, similarly to families, struggle to preserve and advance their unity and collective values, interests, and symbols. Supervisees acknowledge their internalized familial relational configurations when they explore their countertransferences and their transferential responses to the analytic community. Understanding these transferences in supervision may facilitate the process of assimilating the analytic community into supervisees’ professional selves. Moreover, the supervisors represent and mediate both the community’s balanced and flexible relational therapeutic positions and its complexities. These positions might provide the supervisees with new group-object experiences and change their defensively organized rigid familial relational configurations, thereby further integrating the supervisees’ professional selves as well as strengthening the analytic community. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yao, Ruonan T1 - Fromm’s Inheritance and Development of Marx’s Freedom Thought, Master thesis, Philosophy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China 2022. N2 - From ancient times to the present, the issue of freedom has always been a hot issue of people’s attention. People’s yearning and pursuit of freedom is an inexhaustible driving force for the progress of human society. In the twentieth century, people found that the development of industry and technology did not bring true freedom and happiness, but made people’s hearts more lonely and spiritually empty, and gradually fell into the contradiction of pursuing freedom and escaping from freedom. Fromm saw the suffering of people. He approached from a microscopic psychological point of view, inheriting and further developing Marx’s free thought on the basis of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. First, Fromm’s inheritance of Marx’s idea of freedom includes: First, both men have taken the actual individual as the subject of freedom, and have set achievable goals of freedom. Second, both men applied the method of integrating theory with practice and unifying history and logic to study the question of freedom. Third, Fromm’s free thought embodies a strong critical and humanitarian spirit, which is consistent with the inner spirit of Marx’s free thought. Secondly, Fromm’s development of Marx’s free ideas includes: First, Marx tried to achieve the free liberation of man through social revolution, while Fromm wanted to achieve the free development of man through psychological revolution. Second, Marx’s theory of labor alienation strongly criticized capitalist society; Fromm put forward a new theory of alienation, which examined the unfree phenomena of capitalist society from a psychological point of view, and usefully supplemented Marx’s free thought. Third, Marx put forward a beautiful vision of the future society, advocating the establishment of a communist society to achieve the free and all-round development of people; Fromm envisioned the establishment of a sound society through political, economic and cultural reforms, which is a supplement to the future free development model of mankind. Fourth, Fromm’s focus on the analysis of human freedom from a personal, microscopic and psychological perspective is an innovation in the perspective of the study of freedom issues. Finally, reflection and evaluation: First, it is pointed out that the defects of Fromm’s inheritance and development of Marx’s free thought, the exaggerated role of psychological factors, the lack of a thorough path to solve the problem, and the unrealistic method of seeking positive freedom. Second, analyze the contemporary values and practical enlightenment of Fromm’s inheritance and development of Marx’s free thought. It provides a new direction for people to pursue freedom and a new perspective for the analysis and solution of social problems; it is necessary to attach importance to the issue of human freedom and development, attach importance to the coordination of the relationship between science and technology and humanities, and pay attention to strengthening the construction of social spiritual civilization. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Yiqiong T1 - On the Female Images in >Them< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Theory, Master thesis, World Literature, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Joyce Carol Oates (1938 –), one of the most prominent and influential writers in contemporary American literature, is distinguished for her prolificacy in a variety of styles and genres. Oates’s works are unique in exposing the violence and evil in American society. Her works give readers a whole picture of American society, which vividly and graphically reflects the real life from all social backgrounds and presents the reality that lies beneath the surface of American prosperous society. >Them<, published in 1969, is one of Oates’s most important and representative works. The story, spanning almost three decades, presented the real life of the three Wendalls and a panoramic view of American society, which mirrored the living conditions and miserable fate of the lower class. Under the theoretical guidance of Fromm’s theory of social character, the thesis adopts the research method of close reading and makes a profound discussion on the female images in >Them< based on the impact of social reality and family interpersonal relationship on people’s psychology.– The thesis selects three typical female characters in >Them< – Loretta, her daughter Maureen and Nadine as representatives, and analyzes the formation and the expression of their personalities, so as to reveal how female images are distorted in the patriarchal society. Oates portrays the misfortunes and sufferings of women’s lives in the novel. These women, who explore the way of living, are brave enough to resist and break through the shackles of fate. However, they finally lose their self-consciousness under the trouble of social environment and the imbalance of family interpersonal relationship. The three female characters in Oates’s >Them< seek freedom through marriage and money. While they have female consciousness and rebellious spirit, they are always surrounded by violence and male discourse. Therefore, no matter what efforts they make, none of them can get rid of the shackles of patriarchal society. They are doomed to failure. Through the portrayal of women’s living conditions, it arouses readers’ attention and sympathy to women, which reflects Oates’s deep thinking of contemporary women’s issues and the fate of humanity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zhaoxin T1 - On the Theory of Needs by William Leiss, Master thesis, Philosophy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2022. N2 - In the process of the continuous development of capitalism, the ecological crisis and a series of environmental problems have been caused by the incorrect understanding of the relationship between man and nature. In this context, William Leiss, who has long been concerned about ecological issues, criticized the capitalist society on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxism’s theory of need and Herbert Marcuse’s theory of >True or false need<, with a new perspective to explain the needs of the capitalist system of human needs, the formation of their own ideological characteristics of the needs of the theory. Specifically, William Leiss is mainly concerned with the complexity of human desires, which is an important reason for the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the need to be oriented toward the commodity world, which is the root cause of the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the thought of human conquering nature is the important foundation of the formation of the capitalist high-consumption society. On this basis, Leiss pays attention to the quality of commodities, pays attention to the multi-dimension and relevance of human needs, and understands the close relationship between human needs and natural environment, familiar with the estimated characteristics of commodities in four aspects of the future human needs to express and meet the concept, and the future human needs to express and meet the way to explore, namely the following four aspects, advocating a general orientation of human needs towards a non-single field of goods, and an open minded self-interest to replace anthropocentrism ideology in an easily viable society, it is suggested that natural entities have the same legal rights as human beings. William Leiss’s theory of needs, while providing a new perspective on the mode of production of capitalism, enriches ecological Marxism and provides a useful reference for the establishment of a correct concept of consumption, but there is also a certain degree of misunderstanding of Marxism’s concept of goods, the lack of a certain global vision, its proposed solution is utopian. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yogiswari, Krisna Suksma T1 - Konsep Ketuhanan dalam Filsafat Erich Fromm (1900-1980) [The Concept of God in Philosophy Erich Fromm (1900 – 1980)] JF - Sanjiwani – Jurnal Filsafat, Vol. 12, No. 1 (2021), pp. 13-27. [doi.org/10.25078/sjf.v12i1.2104] N2 - Gejolak konsep Ketuhanan sepanjang perjalanan kehidupan manusia senatiasa terjadi. Erich Fromm (1900-1980) yang merupakan seorang psikoanalis Mazhab Frankfurt, dalam karya-karyanya secara tersirat telah mencirikan suatu konsep yang dinamakannya sendiri sebagai ‘Mistisisme Non-Teistik’ sebagai suatu bentuk spiritualitas yang humanis dan mengatasi keterpisahan manusia yang dalam istilah Fromm disebut >well being< sebagai konsekuensi eksitensinya, yang akhirnya dapat mengatasi dilema kemanusiaan dan keberagaman. Kajian ini merupakan sebuah upaya untuk menguraikan pemahaman Ketuhann dalam perspektif Erich Fromm, serta relasi Tuhan dan manusia. N2 - Fluctuations in the concept of God throughout the course of human life always occur. Erich Fromm (1900-1980) who was a psychoanalyst of the Frankfurt School, in his works implicitly characterized a concept he called himself >Non-Theistic Mysticism< as a form of humanist spirituality and overcame human separateness, in terms of Fromm called >well being< as a consequence of its existence, which can finally overcome the human dilemma and diversity. This study is an attempt to outline the understanding of God in the perspective of Erich Fromm, as well as God's and human relations. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ju, Qi T1 - Research on the Predicament of Network Social Communication from the Perspective of >Escape from Freedom< [逃避自由”视角下网络社会交往困境研究] JF - JinGu Creative Literature [今古文创], No. 33 (2022), pp. 123-125. N2 - 随着互联网的不断发展,人类的交往形式日益趋向网络化。然而网络社会交往在给现代人进行社交提供便捷之际,也在一定程度上不可避免地带来交往难题。通过对网络社会交往困境表现分析的基础上,用弗洛姆的“逃避自由”思想来剖析网络社会交往困境的生成机制,并根据弗洛姆、马克思关于自由实现的理论探索走出网络社会交往困境的路径,力求对现代人走出网络社交困境以启迪。 N2 - With the continuous development of the Internet, human interaction has become increasingly networked. However, while it is convenient for modern people to socialize, it also inevitably brings about communication difficulties to a certain extent. Based on the analysis of the manifestation of social interaction dilemma, we analyze the mechanism of social interaction dilemma by using Fromm's idea of >escape from freedom<, and explore the path to get out of social interaction dilemma according to Fromm's and Marx's theories on the realization of freedom, in order to enlighten modern people to get out of social interaction dilemma online. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zepf, Siegfried A1 - Seel, Dietmar T1 - Psychoanalysis and political economy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 1, 2022), pp. 003-011. N2 - The authors examine the influence that psychoanalysts’ economic situation has on the current state of psychoanalysis, particularly focusing on the situation in Germany and employing a perspective afforded by Marxian commodity analysis. Their analysis brings them to conclude that, in psychoanalysis, the suspension of truth value, the tolerance shown towards contradictory concepts, the lack of conceptual criticism, and the exclusion of sociocritical issues seem to be effects of psychoanalysts’ interest in realizing the exchange value of their psychoanalytic treatment and their accompanying lesser interest towards its use value. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zakharov, Alexandr Dimitrievich T1 - Этико-психологическая теория Эриха Фромма как инструмент социальнои трансформации [Ethical-Psychological Theory of Erich Fromm as a Tool of Social Transformation] JF - Философская мысль [Philosophical Thought], No. 11 (2022), pp. 12-21. [ISSN 2409-8728] N2 - Социальная трансформация – актуальная в текущих философских и общественных реалиях концепция, которая получила проблематизацию и начала рассматриваться вместе с появлением и развитием социальной философии несколько веков назад. Особенный вклад в этот вопрос был внесен в рамках улучшения качества знаний о человеке с развитием психологии как науки и методологии, в частности – психоанализа и неофрейдизма. Данная статья посвящена вопросу этической трансформации общества на примере радикального гуманистического психоанализа Эриха Фромма – неофрейдистской концепции, которая требует уточнения и пояснения несмотря на обилие материала по теме. В качестве методов исследования были использованы качественный анализ первичных эмпирических данных, обработка вторичных эмпирических данных, анализ различных взглядов по выбранной теме. В настоящей статье проводится рассмотрение основных понятий гуманистического психоанализа Фромма в рамках изучаемого вопроса, а также оценка концептуальной применимости его теории к вопросу социальной трансформации. В процессе исследования автор приходит к выводу, что теоретические построения Эриха Фромма изучаются недостаточно скрупулезно, содержат уникальную идиографическую точку зрения на процесс социальной трансформации, обладают практической применимостью для широкого круга пользователей предлагаемой информации – философов, психологов, социологов, историков, религиоведов. N2 - Social transformation is an up-to-date concept in current philosophical and social circumstances being considered with problematization and the creation and development of social philosophy several centuries ago. A specific contribution to this problem was made within the framework of improving the quality of human knowledge with the development of psychology as a science and methodology, psychoanalysis and neo–Freudianism in particular. This article is devoted to the problem of society’s ethical transformation using the example of Erich Fromm's radical humanistic psychoanalysis – a neo-Freudian concept that requires clarification and explanation despite the abundance of content covering the topic. Qualitative analysis of primary empirical data, processing of secondary empirical data, analysis of various views on the chosen topic were used as research methods. This article examines the basic concepts of Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis within the framework of the issue under study, as well as an assessment of the conceptual applicability of his theory to the problem of social transformation. In the course of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that the theoretical constructions by Erich Fromm are not studied scrupulously enough, contain a unique idiographic point of view and have practical applicability for a wide range of users of the provided information – philosophers, psychologists, sociologists, historians, religious scholars. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zang, Wenzhe T1 - An Analysis of the Alienation of the Characters in >Women in Love< under Erich Fromm’s Humanistic Psychoanalysis Theory, Master thesis, World Literature, Liaoning University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - >Woman in Love< explores the psychological problems of love with a passion and depth unprecedented in English fiction, and represents the highest achievement of Lawrence’s work. It represents the highest achievement of Lawrence’s work, and thus, along with >The Rainbow<, it became the forerunner of the modern novel. The novel revolves around sheer devastation and renders the inquiry about philosophy, life, love and death from the rushing urge to die over and over again, displaying a profound modernity, searching for eternal values in the essence of life and carnal faith. This thesis uses Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis theory, which includes the theory of human needs, authoritarianism, destructiveness, the productive orientation, man’s alienation and man’s living situation and analyzes alienations of characters in >Women in Love<, causes, and proposes positive ways to face it. This thesis consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. Introduction part includes brief introduction of Lawrence, >Women in Love< and humanistic psychoanalysis theory and literary review of >Women in Love<. The main body of the thesis is divided into three chapters. – The first chapter analyses the alienations of the characters from the psychological description and interactions with others. They no longer pay attention to their own spirit state; appear their destructiveness; alienate themselves and others as objects; lack inner vitality and lose the desire for love and fun of life.– The second chapter analyzes the causes of alienation, including the weakening of humanistic conscience under irrational authority; repression by >social filter<; unbalance of >polarity< connection between the sense of self and that of others), and the gradual erosion of people’s mental state by industrial society.– The third chapter puts forward the possible salvation from human needs. Fromm thinks that alienated people are uncreative people. A truly healthy man is one who loves others, has the sense of identity, develops reason, returns to the nature, and pursues his lifestyle under >the being mode<.– Conclusion part expounds the alienation of characters in >Women in Love<, explores Lawrence’s thinking on human nature through the characteristics of characters in the novel so as to display the artistic charm of >Women in Love< and point out the practical significance of this paper. In addition, this thesis aims to appeal to modern people to understand daily life and to find their own identity and lifestyle by providing a new and meaningful perspective. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Hanxin T1 - Fromm’s Psychological Mechanism of Escape from Freedom and Its Practical Significance [弗洛姆逃避自由的心理机制及其现实意义] JF - Journal of Shangqiu Polytechnic, No. 6 (2022), pp. 5-8, 13. N2 - Fromm is a representative of >Freudian Marxism<. He combined some of Marx’s guidance theories and Freud’s seminars on the spirit level, and analyzed their mental orientation, their current plight, and revealed the profound psychological mechanism of modern man and the nature of the alienation of personality. He proposed a new theory of >escape from freedom< which was totally different from the former one. The only way to truly free yourself is to use love and creative work. His theory of escaping freedom not only provides insight and reflection to the people in the pursuit of real freedom, but also provide some reference for the construction of socialism in China’s new era. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Jing T1 - An Interpretation of the Theme of Alienation in >Jude the Obscure< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Humanistic Psychoanalysis, Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - The eminent British novelist and poet Thomas Hardy wrote fifteen novels, four collections of short stories, over 900 poems and two verse dramas throughout his life, leaving a valuable literary heritage for the people of the UK and the world. Jude the Obscure is set in England of 1860 s. It recounts the tragedy of the protagonist countryman Jude Fawley’s struggle for college minister and a stable marriage. It is considered as the first modern novel in the history of British literature. The theme of alienation is a basic theme of modernist literature. It is displayed in Hardy’s novels, especially in >Jude the Obscure<. This thesis adopts the humanistic psychoanalysis of the German-American Jewish social psychologist Erich Fromm to discuss and analyze the representations and reasons for Jude’s alienation in the novel. Jude lived in a stage when capitalism was rapidly developing. The social economy was thriving. The achievements of political democracy were increasingly consolidated, and the cultural cause was flourishing. Influenced by the capitalist civilization, Jude strove to stand firm in metropolises. However, the development of capitalism has two sides. With the continuous progress in economy and the technology, economic features of capitalism such as the quantification and the abstraction were constantly highlighted. The connections between individuals and the connections between people and concrete objects were increasingly vague. Political democracy not only brought people freedom, but also increased people’s sense of loneliness and powerlessness. On the one hand, cultural education encouraged individuals to develop the character of ambition and competition. On the other hand, it compelled individuals to act in accordance with social norms. In such a society, people were in atomic states. They did not get acquainted with each other. The psychological needs of individuals, also the needs of human nature that were based on their existence conditions could not be satisfied. People were only obliged to conform to social norms, which caused the alienation of individuals. Jude’s alienation is the root of his tragedy. Based on the previous research findings, this thesis attempts to interpret the theme of alienation in >Jude the Obscure< via the theory of Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis. It hopes to have a better understanding of Hardy’s modernist literary spirit. [www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jie T1 - On Fromm's Theory of >Love< [弗洛姆>爱<的话语理论] JF - Journal of Puyang Vocational and Technical College [濮阳职业技术学院学报], No. 4 (2022), 71-76. N2 - 作为弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义者,弗洛姆深化弗洛伊德无意识领域学说,将此与马克思人道主义结合,积极探索社会改造方案。弗洛姆发现,爱是拯救病态社会的答案,爱的关系为当前病态的社会指明了方向,畸形的爱和爱的匮乏导致了人们逃避自由的心理机制,弗洛姆将爱作为一门艺术,在爱的可能上提出了诸多可行性建议。弗洛姆从个体>社会心理<出发,致力于重塑人的>社会性格<,憧憬健全社会愿景,打造充满爱的人道主义世界。 N2 - As a Freudian Marxist, Fromm deepened Freud's doctrine of the unconscious sphere, combined this with Marxian humanism, and actively explored social transformation programs. Fromm found that love is the answer to save the sick society, and that the relationship of love shows the direction of the current sick society, and that the deformed love and the lack of love lead to the psychological mechanism of people to escape from freedom. Fromm starts from the >social psyche< of the individual and works to reshape the >social character< of people, envisioning a vision of a sound society and a humanitarian world full of love. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Qi T1 - Research on Fromm's Disobedience Thought [弗洛姆不服从思想研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2022. N2 - Fromm inherited Marx’s humanistic thought and developed the psychoanalysis, not only do not obey the thought of theoretical connotation and forms, an important connotation in disobedience thought, also proposed shall establish a disobedient socialism and on the basis of the civil liberties cooperation of human society, form the unique ideological system. At the same time, he analyzed the phenomenon of human alienation and the adverse factors hindering the free development of human beings. The epistemological basis of his humanistic thought is the critical theory, criticizing the basic contradictions existing in capitalist society, and holding that people need to have the courage to disobey the orders of power if they want to establish humanistic socialism. On this basis, Fromm emphasizes the core concepts such as the condition of disobedience and the theoretical basis of social character, which provides a theoretical foundation for people to realize real free and comprehensive development. In addition, Fromm criticized the bureaucratic system of capitalism, the problem of old age and the psychological mechanism of escaping freedom. Based on Fromm’s disobedience thought theory origin and realistic background starting, explore the surrounding Fromm’s ideas of disobedience and evaluation, this paper expounds the main contents of Fromm’s disobedience thought, taking Marxist theory as the foundation, the theory of Fromm’s ideas of noncompliance with the value and limitations were analyzed, and thus introduces Fromm’s ideas of disobedience. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Xiaowei T1 - Existence in the Practice of Love – Read Fromm's >The Art of Loving< [在爱的实践中存在——读弗洛姆《爱的艺术》] JF - The Teaching of Thought and Political Study, [思想政治课教学], No. 8 (2022), pp. 95-96. N2 - 在写作《爱的艺术》时,社会批判思想家弗洛姆的弗洛伊德主义马克思主义理论体系已逐渐形成。弗洛姆结合马克思恩格斯在19世纪中叶创立的历史唯物主义思想,批判性地发展了弗洛伊德的精神分析学说,从人类生活实践出发考察人类生存状况。在《马克思论人》一文中,弗洛姆曾明确表述了他的观点:马克思的真实目的是人的精神解放,是让每一个个体的人都恢复其完整性。事实上,这也是弗洛姆在爱的实践中探寻人类生存问题答案的出发点与落脚点。 N2 - At the time of writing >The Art of Loving<, the Freudian Marxist theoretical system of the social-critical thinker Fromm had been gradually formed. Combining the ideas of historical materialism founded by Marx and Engels in the mid-19th century, Fromm critically developed Freud's psychoanalytic doctrine and examined the human existence from the practice of human life. In his book >Marx’s Concept of Man<, Fromm had clearly expressed his view that Marx's true aim was the spiritual emancipation of man, the restoration of each individual human being to its integrity. In fact, this is the starting point and the landing point of Fromm's search for the answer to the question of human existence in the practice of love. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Chang T1 - A Social and Psychological Discussion on Erich Fromm’s Escape Mechanism of Freedom and the Way towards Self-Realization JF - Canadian Social Science, Vol. 18, No. 3 (2022), pp. 74-77. [Online ISSN 1923-6697] [doi.org/10.3968/12577] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] A personal character is determined by the historical era in which one lives. Erich Fromm is particularly concerned with the debated issue of freedom, especially the escape mechanism of freedom. As a member of the Frankfurt School, Erich Fromm believes that human beings are mainly social beings, not a self-sufficient enclosed system. After analyzing how the escape mechanism for freedom is produced, Fromm advocates that positive freedom should be the freedom to develop oneself freely, to fully tap and realize one’s own potential, to pursue the ideal of truth, goodness and beauty, and to promote personal growth and happiness. Only when people actively play their own roles in the society can their sense of isolation and helplessness be overcome. Replacing authoritarian power with democracy and instilling to people the ideas about life, liberty and truth can they find a right path towards self-realization. [Author's English] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Yiying A1 - Wang, Lan T1 - A Brief Analysis of Fromm's Theory of Escape from Freedom [浅析弗洛姆的逃避自由理论] JF - Master and Masterpiece [名家名作], No. 21 (2022), pp.:151-153. N2 - 弗洛姆是西方马克思主义的重要代表,也是法兰克福学派的主要成员。弗洛姆生活在20世纪,一生经历了两次世界大战,当时的社会充斥着种种矛盾,引发了他对自由问题的深刻思考。弗洛姆将马克思的自由观同弗洛伊德的精神分析学结合起来,从心理学层面对现代人的生存困境进行了分析,把自由分为积极自由和消极自由,指出逃避自由只会离自由越来越远,人要获得真正的自由,就必须通过爱、理性和创造性劳动确立积极自由。主要分析其历史生成语境,阐述主要内容,并进行总体评价。 N2 - Fromm is an important representative of Western Marxism and a leading member of the Frankfurt School. Fromm lived in the 20th century and experienced two world wars during his lifetime. The society at that time was full of contradictions, which triggered his profound thinking on the issue of freedom. Combining Marx's concept of freedom with Freud's psychoanalysis, Fromm analyzes the existential dilemma of modern man from the psychological level, divides freedom into positive and negative freedom, and points out that avoiding freedom will only lead farther and farther away from it, and that man must establish positive freedom through love, reason and creative labor in order to obtain true freedom. It mainly analyzes the context of its historical generation, elaborates the main contents, and provides an overall evaluation. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhou, Tieyan T1 - Research on >Escape from Freedom< in Fromm's Thought [弗洛姆思想中的>逃避自由<研究]. Master thesis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China 2022. N2 - The formation of Erich Fromm’s thought of >Escape from freedom< is based on the inheritance and absorption of Marxism and Freud, on the one hand, Erich Fromm draws on Marxism’s social criticism and alienation theory to analyze the social psychological factors that give rise to escape from freedom, on the other hand, it draws on Freud’s psychoanalysis to analyze the individual psychological factors of escape from freedom, and combines the two. By analyzing the phenomenon of >Escape from freedom<, Erich Fromm points out the spiritual crisis of modern people’s existence and seeks to find ways to construct a sound society and a sound personality. Erich Fromm’s >Escape from freedom< was born out of the Protestant Reformation and the development of capitalism. The Protestant Reformation freed the individual from the constraints of God and the church, but when the individual lost the barriers of the church, he could not feel his place in the secular life. In the course of the development of capitalism, the individual gradually neglects the relation with the other because of the separation of the capitalist division of labor from the other, and the individual pays more attention to his own life, cause the loneliness of the heart. Both contribute to the instability of social organization structure and the unhealthy psychology of the individual, a phenomenon Erich Fromm calls >The duality of freedom<. In Erich Fromm’s view, the duality of freedom is one of the most important reasons for the >Escape from freedom<. Along with the development of capitalism, the idea of >Escape from freedom< took the form of authoritarianism, desire for destruction, and automaton conformity, which Erich Fromm believed had a negative effect on the individual, the psychological factors that gave birth to the Second World War. Since the end of the Second World War, the hidden dangers of Nazism have not been completely eliminated in modern society, and there is a democratic crisis in modern society due to the lack of >Sense of tragedy<. So Erich Fromm addresses the problems of the future by nurturing new people who re-exist and building new societies in which people develop as they are. With the further development of capitalism, industrial civilization does show new features different from the past, and the causes and manifestations of >Escape from freedom< have also changed accordingly. Such social phenomena as the disappearance of >Grand narrative< and >Systematic exploitation< of workers in the industrial civilized society show that the >individualization process< has been reconstructed under the new social situation, >Escape from freedom< is manifested by the further loss of individual identity and hostility from >The other<. Erich Fromm proposed to overcome alienated personality through creative activities, through the form of collective art to cultivate a sound personality, in order to deal with the >Escape from freedom<. By systematically combing Erich Fromm’s theory of >Escape from freedom< and combining it with his Marxist philosophy criticism of Erich Fromm, it can be seen that Erich Fromm’s critique of capitalism does not touch on the Base and political structure of capitalism, and that the basis for judging the soundness of society ignores the factor of productivity, and the >Love< which is used to construct people’s spiritual health has ideality and limitation. Therefore, only on the basis of Marxism and historical materialism, from the perspective of concrete practice, to carry out a critical study of Erich Fromm’s thought of >Escape from freedom<, can draw lessons from Erich Fromm’s thought, for the construction of a harmonious society to provide reference. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Žitná, Barbora T1 - Koncepce humanistické etiky v díle E. Fromma, [The Concept of Humanistic Ethics in the Work of E. Fromm], Bachelor thesis, Philosophy, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Poland 2022, 41 pp. N2 - Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Grundprinzipien der humanistischen Ethik von Erich Fromm darzustellen. Seine Ideen werden mit denen von Sigmund Freud und Karl Marx verknüpft, von denen Fromm oft inspiriert wurde. Im ersten Teil wird auf die Definition der humanistischen Ethik und die Unterscheidung zwischen biophiler und nekrophiler Orientierung eingegangen. Der Kern von Fromms Ethik ist seine Charakterologie. Dabei beschäftigt sich die Arbeit mit produktiver und unproduktiver Orientierung, deren Ausprägungen und in der Folge auch Seinsweisen. Der Hauptteil beschreibt die Frage nach der menschlichen Natur, zusammen mit der Frage, ob der Mensch von Natur aus schlecht oder gut ist. Auch dem Freiheitsbegriff Fromms wird Beachtung geschenkt. Diese Interpretation beschreibt den Prozess der Individualisierung, der zur Freiheit führt, sowie die Mechanismen der Flucht, die sich aus diesem Prozess ergeben. Ein weiteres Thema ist ein Überblick über positive Freiheit und wie man sie erreicht. Im Zusammenhang mit der Freiheit befasst sich das Werk auch mit dem Gewissen. Der letzte Teil widmet sich einem Vergleich ausgewählter ethischer Kategorien von Karl Marx und Erich Fromm. Konkret geht es um eine Gegenüberstellung ihres Menschenbildes und seiner Entfremdung. [Deutsche Kurzfassung der Autorin] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaniowski, Pavel A1 - et al., T1 - Neopsychoanaliza humanistyczna Ericha Fromma – Wprowadzenie, Przeczytaj, Prezentacja multimedialna, Film edukacyjny, Dla nauczyciela [Erich Fromm's Humanistic Neopsychoanalysis – Introduction, Readings, Multimedia Presentation, Educational Film, for the Teacher], Educational platform of the Ministry of Education and Science, Poland s. a. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhou, Zunmin T1 - Exploring the Way Out of Freedom from the Views of Berlin and Fromm [伯林与弗洛姆的自由观探自由之出路] JF - Present and Future [今古文创], No. 3 (2022), pp. 44-46. N2 - 伯林与弗洛姆将自由区分为积极自由与消极自由。两人对积极自由与消极自由之基本含义界定大体一致,但是其含摄范围与致思路径并不相同,由此,其倾向性与侧重点也就全然不同。伯林从保障政治权利的立场出发,认为消极自由保证人的自由行动领域不被干涉,更值得争取;弗洛姆出于对人的本质力量发展的考量,认为实现积极自由才是目的。事实上,伯林的消极自由争取当下的政治权利,弗洛姆的积极自由则更关注人本质力量的长远发展和全面发展,而眼前目标和长远目标同样不可偏废。 N2 - Berlin and Fromm distinguish between positive and negative freedom. The basic meanings of positive and negative liberties are generally the same, but their scope and approach are not the same, so their tendencies and focus are also different. From the standpoint of guaranteeing political rights, Berlin believes that negative liberty is worth fighting for because it guarantees the non-interference in the sphere of free action of human beings, while Fromm believes that the realization of positive liberty is the goal out of the consideration of the development of the essential power of human beings. In fact, while Berlin negative liberty strives for political rights in the present, Fromm's positive liberty is more concerned with the long-term and comprehensive development of man's essential powers, and the immediate and long-term goals cannot be neglected. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 12/2021] Y1 - 2022 ER -