TY - JOUR A1 - Hou, Yichuan T1 - Fearless, Heaven and Earth Are Wide [心无所惧 天地自宽] JF - Required Reading for Junior Middle School Students [初中生必读], Z2 (2022), pp.: 26-28. N2 - 美国著名的心理学家埃里希·弗洛姆曾经进行过一个著名的实验:一天,他在没有进行任何说明的情况下,把学生们带到了一间完全封闭、伸手不见五指的屋子里。然后,他引导学生们穿过这间屋子,来到屋子的另一侧。接下来,他打开屋子里的灯,灯光很昏暗,学生们只能勉强看清楚屋子里的情况。这一看不要紧,学生们全都不由得倒吸了一口冷气。原来,这间屋子里有一个巨大的水池,他们刚才走过来时踩着的独木桥很狭窄,而且桥下面的水池里居然蠕动着形形色色的毒蛇。 N2 - Just as the famous American psychologist Erich Fromm once conducted a famous experiment: one day, without any explanation, he took the students to a completely closed room where they couldn't see anything. Then, he guided the students through the room, to the other side of the house. Next, he turned on the lights in the room, the light was very dim, the students could only barely see the situation in the room. This look does not matter, the students all could not help but take a breath of cold air. It turns out that the room has a huge pool, they just walked over the narrow wooden bridge, and the bridge under the pool actually wriggling with all kinds of poisonous snakes. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hu, Linyan A1 - Chen, Yue T1 - Reflections on Fromm's Theory of Social Character [关于弗洛姆社会性格理论的思考] JF - Modern Communication [现代交际], No. 6 (2022), pp. 1-8, 121. N2 - Chinese abstract not available.] Fromm is one of the representatives of Frankfurt School. He creatively combined the theories of Marx and Freud to form a unique Marxist theory of Freud. Among the many concepts of his theory, the theory of social character is a very representative innovation. In this paper, Fromm’s social character theory is fully displayed based on its background, meaning characteristics, function significance, and how Fromm uses it to analyze the real society. On this basis, it dialectically analyzes the enlightenment brought by the contribution and deficiency of this theory. [English: www.cnki.net, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hunyady, Orsolya T1 - Immigrants in our own country: responsibility towards the past and future of interpersonal psychoanalysis JF - R. Frie and P. Sauvayre (Eds., Culture, Politics and Race in the Making of Interpersonal Psychoanalysis. Breaking Boundaries, London and New York (Routledge) 2022, pp. 181-206. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huo, Ruili T1 - The Demise of Subjectivity in >Manhattan Transfer< [《曼哈顿中转站》中主体性的消亡] JF - JinGu Creative Literature [今古文创], No. 32 (2022), pp.10-12, 74. N2 - 约翰·多斯·帕索斯的小说《曼哈顿中转站》描绘了20世纪形形色色的人物在纽约都市生活中的艰难生存。本文借用卢卡奇的物化理论和弗洛姆的社会无意识理论,通过论述小说中来自不同阶层的人在全面异化的大都市中追求梦想却陷入精神困境这一结局,全面批判了物质社会的单一同质性、生存被动性与合理化过程对人的物化作用,从而揭示了人的主体性在物质社会中的消亡,警示人们在物欲横流的现代社会中要努力挣脱物质的束缚以便寻回人的主体地位。 N2 - John Dos Passos's novel >Manhattan Transfer< depicts the difficult existence of various characters in the urban life of New York in the 20th century. This article borrows from Lukács' theory of reification and Fromm's theory of the social unconscious, and through discussing the ending of the novel in which people from different classes pursue their dreams but fall into spiritual difficulties in a metropolis of total alienation, it comprehensively criticizes the single homogeneity of materialist society, the passivity of survival and the reification of human beings by the rationalization process, thus revealing the extinction of human subjectivity in materialist society. In the modern society of materialism, people should strive to break free from the bondage of materialism in order to recover the status of human subjects. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jones, Paul K. T1 - Demagogy, Culture Industry, Psychotechnics: The Authoritarian Personality as media reception framework JF - Clemens, M., et al. (Eds.), Die Wiederkehr des autoritären Charakters. Transatlantische Perspektiven, ed. by Manuel Clemens, Thorben Päthe and Marc Petersdorff, Wiesbaden (Springer SV) 2022, pp. 015-042. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Liping T1 - An Analysis of the Characters of the Main Characters in >The Moon and Sixpence< Using Fromm's Character Theory [探析《月亮和六便士》中主要人物性格——运用弗洛姆性格理论] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Tasting the Classics [品位·经典], No. 19 (2022), pp. 5-8. N2 - 根据弗洛姆的性格理论分析,认为查理斯·思特里克兰德夫人具有接受取向,思特里克兰德具有剥削取向以及疏远关系中的破坏倾向,戴尔克·施特略夫具有共生关系中的受虐倾向,而施特略夫的妻子则具有囤积取向,麦克安德鲁夫妇以及社会中的大部分其他人的社会性格具有市场取向等非生产性的性格取向,是病态的社会性格,而健康的社会性格则是具有生产性的爱。同时,分析弗洛姆提出的混合类型的性格取向,运用理论结合实际的研究方法,有助于理解弗洛姆的社会性格理论以及掌握现代人的性格倾向。 N2 - According to Fromm's character theory analysis, Mrs. Charles Strickland is considered to have a receptive orientation, Strickland has an exploitative orientation as well as a destructive tendency in an estranged relationship, Dalek Streiff has a masochistic tendency in a symbiotic relationship, while Streiff's wife has a hoarding orientation, the McAndrews and most others in society have a market orientation in their social character, etc. Unproductive character orientations are pathological social characters, while healthy social characters are those with productive love. At the same time, analyzing the mixed types of character orientations proposed by Fromm and using theoretical and practical research methods can help understand Fromm's social character theory as well as grasp the character tendencies of modern people. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 11/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Chang T1 - A Study of Fromm’s Theory of Consumer Alienation and Its Contemporary Value, Master thesis, History of Economic Theory and Ideology, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, Anhui, China 2022. N2 - Erich Fromm was a humanistic philosopher and psychoanalytic psychologist. He devoted his life to adapting Freud’s psychoanalytic doctrine to the spiritual situation of Westerners after the two world wars. Today, his ideas still have a great influence on contemporary society, especially his theory of consumer alienation which opens up a certain theoretical vision for the >consumer age< we live in. At the same time, Fromm’s alienation theory has a certain degree of scientificity and extensibility, because he takes Marx’s alienation thought as the theoretical foundation and Freud’s psychoanalytic theory as the extension, and through the appropriate combination of the two, he leads his own alienation theory, in order to profoundly analyze the problem of human alienation, the most important of which is the problem of consumer alienation. For Fromm, the theme of modern capitalist society is no longer >production<, but >consumption<, and the source of alienation is not only the former >alienation of labor<, but also the >alienation of consumption<. The source of alienation is not only the former >alienation of labor<, but also the >alienation of consumption<, in which modern society is full of symbols, and in which people are gradually commodified. During this period, Fromm remained sober, warning people about the great danger of consumer alienation, trying to wake up and save people who were trapped in the trap of consumer alienation, and Fromm always insisted on calling people to be rational subjects, in order to build a sound society. Nowadays, China has become the second largest consumer market in the world through continuous development, and along with the irreversible globalization, the world is becoming >smaller<, so the invasion of the Chinese market by consumerism is inevitable. In such a social context, Fromm’s theory of consumer alienation becomes more valuable, which is also the starting point and research purpose of this paper. At the same time, the objective limitations of Fromm’s theory of consumer alienation also serve as an important reflection and reference for our analysis of the consumption problem in China. To this end, this paper analyzes and studies Fromm’s theory of consumer alienation and its contemporary value through five main parts: first, through the introductory part, it compares the domestic and foreign literature to achieve a systematic macroscopic grasp of Fromm’s theory of alienation.– Secondly, through the theoretical tracing of Fromm’s theory of consumer alienation, the development background and theoretical foundation of his theory are more objectively understood.– Third, through the exploration of the basic contents of Fromm’s theory of consumer alienation, we discuss its causes and connotations and discover its realistic manifestations and possible crises.– Fourth, through the first three parts, we will find Fromm’s path to overcome consumer alienation and his specific expectations for building a sound society.– Fifth, through an objective evaluation of the contributions and limitations of Fromm’s theory of consumer alienation, we will use its reference value to analyze the current problems of consumption in China, and use it as a reference to actively explore favorable insights and solutions to improve the consumption problem in China. [Translation: www.cnki. net, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Mo A1 - Fu, Jingchuan T1 - The Game of >Freedom< in >The Adventures of Augie March< [《奥吉·马奇历险记》中的>自由<博弈] [application of Fromm’s theories to art] JF - Journal of University of Jinan (Social Science Edition) [济南大学学报(社会科学版)], Online First Publishing Date: 2022-05-25 16:19:28. N2 - 《奥吉·马奇历险记》中鹰蛇相争的情节往往被评论家们所忽略。作为耗费颇多笔力刻画的章节,奥吉和西亚的墨西哥之行显然值得重视。从小说中鹰蛇相争的情节入手,挖掘埋藏于文字之下的隐喻内涵,反观和解构奥吉的人生选择,进而从艾里希·弗洛姆和罗洛·梅人文主义社会心理学的视角展开分析,讨论奥吉寻找继发纽带、>逃避自由<的现实抉择与其追求独立自主的人生目标之间的反差和博弈。 N2 - The eagle-snake rivalry in The Adventures of Augie March is often overlooked by critics. As a chapter that takes a lot of effort to portray, Augie and Thea's trip to Mexico obviously deserves attention. The novel's plot of the struggle between the hawk and the snake is used as a starting point to explore the metaphorical connotations buried beneath the text, to reflect on and deconstruct Augie's life choices, and then to analyze them from the perspective of Erich Fromm and Rollo May's humanist social psychology, and to discuss the contrasts and trade-offs between Augie's realistic choice to find a secondary bond and >escape from freedom< and his pursuit of independence and autonomy. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Sitong T1 - A Study of Fromm’s Idea of Alienation, Master thesis, Philosophy, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 2022. N2 - Erich Fromm (1900 – 1980) was not only one of the key members of the Frankfurt School, but also a prominent German-American social psychologist, psychoanalyst and humanistic philosopher. Using Freudian psychoanalysis, Fromm synthesized the Marxian humanist doctrine on the basis of social character and the social unconscious as mediators. This led to the construction of a unique system of thought covering multiple levels of society and psychology, and an in-depth discussion of a series of externalized psychological problems that have emerged since the development of capitalist society.– This article attempts to clarify the logical progression of Fromm’s thought on alienation by looking at the realistic background and theoretical sources of the formation of his thought system. First of all, it examines Fromm’s need for human survival in the light of the dilemma of existential alienation in Western capitalist society, and grasps the unique connotation of his alienation thought and interprets it. Fromm explores the dilemma of survival in human society by combining the process of individuation and socio-historical development, and exposes the state of spiritual alienation of individuals. Secondly, Fromm’s diagnosis of the roots of pathological alienation in Western society is outlined in both subjective and objective dimensions. Again, Fromm’s critique of the consequences of alienation in developed industrial societies is explored, elucidating the logical correlation between the emergence of freedom-avoiding mechanisms, non-productive personality tendencies, possession-oriented ways of being and the alienation that occurs in the inner world of individuals. This is followed by an examination of the consequences of the interaction and conflict between the psychological alienation of the individual and the alienation of society in general, revealing the relationship between the individual and society.– Finally, Fromm’s search for a way to overcome alienation and build a sound society that meets human needs is discussed, and the rationality and limitations of his vision are objectively assessed. Fromm made a positive contribution to the evolution and enrichment of human culture and spirituality in the twentieth century. However, he does not fully acknowledge the role of material production and only overemphasizes the influence of psychological factors on human beings, while ignoring the fact that private ownership is the fundamental cause of the limitation of human freedom. Neither spontaneous activities nor social changes can fundamentally solve the problems caused by total alienation, but they can still provide a reference for the path of building a human-centered >harmonious society< in China: after the material enrichment of Chinese society, it should pay more attention to the spiritual existence of human beings and leave behind the possession-oriented way of living; promote humanistic culture and calmly We should also pay attention to the psychological and spiritual state of human beings and cultivate a sound personality. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 5/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Sihan T1 - The Predicament of Freedom: Understanding Frankie in >The Member of the Wedding< from the Psychoanalytic Perspective, Master thesis, World Literature, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Carson McCullers is an outstanding female writer in the 20th century United States, becoming a celebrity with her first novel >The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter<. There is no doubt that McCullers is endowed with a talent for writing. She is a keen and sensitive woman, which is probably due to her life experiences and illness. In some sense, her personality contributes a lot to her writing, enabling her to grasp the slightest details of humanity. She is adept at exploring the psychology of human beings and pays special attention to their state of loneliness, which constitutes her writing theme >spiritual isolation<. McCullers tends to highlight man’s spiritual impotency through physical deformity. The freaks in her works make up rebellious power against the mainstream culture in the American South. >The Member of the Wedding< is a very representative work of McCullers. It follows the theme of spiritual isolation as her other works. Through McCullers’s elaborate portrayal, a 12-year-old girl’s struggle and sorrow are vividly presented to readers. The female protagonist Frankie is a tomboy living in a small Southern town. In the year when she progresses from 12 to 13, she falls into the dull repetition of days, becoming a solitary >freak<. A great dilemma confronting Frankie is that she aspires for freedom, but is unable to take the burden of freedom. Becoming a part of some group and leaving the town constitute two strong desires of Frankie. They are seemingly irrelevant, but closely related. Belonging saves Frankie from isolation, and escape promises her greater freedom and connectedness. Through a close reading of Carson McCullers’s novel >The Member of the Wedding<, this thesis is devoted to analyzing the protagonist Frankie’s living predicament from a psychoanalytical perspective and discussing the underlying solution to the condition. Erich Fromm’s theory of freedom and love exhaustively explores the spiritual crisis of modern man and provides a feasible solution. Using his theory will be conducive to the explanation of the protagonist’s complex psychology and her dilemma. Besides, Adler’s concept of social interest can help further analyze how the protagonist is able to realize positive freedom. After research, it can be concluded that Frankie is confronted with the universal predicament of modern man's burden of freedom. While she tries to escape from the burden, she suffers disillusionment, but at the same time, it helps the development of her individual self and provides motivation for positive freedom. Fromm believes that to get rid of the unbearable plight, love is indispensable. For Frankie and any modern man who suffers from aloneness, mastering the art of love is necessary to advance to positive freedom. [www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Yangnuo T1 - The Interpretation of Love in >The Veil< and >Normal People< [《面纱》和《正常人》中爱的解读] JF - Overseas English [海外英语], No. 5 (2022), pp. 193-194. N2 - 爱是一门需要知识和努力的艺术,据弗洛姆观之,爱的艺术包括爱的对象、爱的能力和爱的状态,他所指的爱并不局限于情爱,而是从人类的生存问题出发审视爱的真谛,爱是《面纱》中的背叛与救赎,爱也是《正常人》中的治愈与成长,对此,可以从父母之爱、两性之爱和自爱三个方面纵向探究不同世纪的爱情观,管窥现代爱情的特质的同时,也试图深化我们对爱的认知。 N2 - Love is an art that requires knowledge and effort. According to Fromm, the art of love includes the object of love, the ability to love and the state of love. The love he refers to is not limited to love, but from the Starting from the problem of human existence, we examine the true meaning of love. Love is the betrayal and redemption in >The Veil< and love is also the healing and growth in >Normal People<. For this, we can look at the three aspects of parental love, sexual love and self-love. Longitudinal exploration of the concept of love in different centuries, while peeking at the characteristics of modern love, it also tries to deepen our cognition of love. [Translation: Google translator, 6/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Loiacono, Anna Maria T1 - Countertransference and Oedipal love JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 2, 2022), pp. 076-082. N2 - In this essay, the author will explore the use of countertransference in the therapeutic process, with particular emphasis on Oedipal love. We begin with countertransference as conceptualized by interpersonal psychoanalytic theorists, who immediately pointed out the technical relevance of the therapist as a person, and the importance of the use of the therapist’s feelings, thoughts, life experiences, and states of mind in the therapeutic relationship. Just as dreams, slips of the tongue, peripheral thoughts, and physical gestures are useful in reading the patient’s unconscious experience, accepting, examining, and exploring countertransference become useful in reading the analyst’s unconscious experience. The author will then identify a more radical and contemporary conception of countertransference as representative of the analyst’s unconscious receptivity to the patient within the enactments in which transference and countertransference reciprocally affect each other. Finally, the author will concentrate on the Oedipal feelings experienced by the therapist and their importance in treatment. A clinical case will illustrate the clinical ramifications of these hypotheses. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Löser, Claus T1 - >Hans, einen herrlichen Film hab ich gesehn.< Von Potemkin bis Ben Hur. Die Grundigs und das Kino JF - K. Krenzlin (Hg.), >Schreibe mir nur immer viel<. Der Briefwechsel zwischen Hans und Lea Grundig. Ein Werkstattbericht Im Auftrag der Akademie der Künste, Berlin, und der Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung hg. von Kathleen Krenzlin, Berlin und München (Deutscher Kunstverlag), 2022, pp. 201-223. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lothane, Henry T1 - Review Lawrence Friedman: Freud’s papers on technique and contemporary clinical practice JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 252-254. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lothane, Henry T1 - Review Ahron Friedberg with Sandra Sherman. Psychotherapy and personal change: Two minds in a mirror JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 254-255. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ma, Jiafan T1 - A Study on the Idea of >Balance< in D. H. Lawrence’s Works, Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - D. H. Lawrence (1885 – 1930) is one of the most important novelists in the history of English literature in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He lived at a time when capitalist industry was at its peak, but at the same time, a series of negative consequences of the industrial revolution were exposed. The nature of man is poisoned, the integrity of the individual is destroyed, and the relationship between man and man and nature loses its balance in traditional agricultural societies. For Lawrence, he was living in a time when the world was completely out of balance. For this reason, he keeps on writing, with sharp and bold strokes to express the alienated individual, abnormal interpersonal relationship and the imbalance between man and nature under the capitalist industrial civilization, and tirelessly explores the way to restore the balance between individual and self, between man and man, and between man and nature. Furthermore, in his opinion, these three levels do not exist in isolation, but constitute a mutually restrictive whole; An imbalance at any level leads to an imbalance at other levels, or problems at any level reflect problems at the other two levels. Thus, among the >imbalance< and >balance<, the individual, society and nature form an intricate internal relationship, presenting a systematic structure of three and one, one and three, which integrates Lawrence’s whole life exploration and literary creation. This provides an important entry point for us to re-understand Lawrence’s series of controversial topics and reassess their current significance. Based on this, this paper takes Lawrence’s novels as the research object and the concept of >balance< as the entry point to make a detailed discussion of the relationship between man and self, man and man, man and nature in his works.– This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction mainly focuses on Lawrence’s personal experience of >imbalance< and traces the origin of his concept of >balance<. The concept of >balance< is preliminarily defined; Review relevant research results at home and abroad.– The first part of the text discusses Lawrence’s concept of balance from the perspective of individual self. Under the background of industrial revolution, due to the poison of mechanical civilization and rampant materialism, human beings constantly overcome or tame their own nature. But when the civilization overcomes the nature, man gradually moves toward the one-sided. In Lawrence’s works, human nature and civilization correspond to >blood consciousness< and >mind consciousness< respectively, while the individuals in his works can be divided into >brain type< individuals and >blood type< individuals. In Lawrence’s opinion, when the >blood< of an individual is overwhelmed by the >mind<, his emotion and instinct will be suppressed, thus leading to the alienation of human nature. At the same time, the >blood< of the individual must resist the >mind< and call for the return of nature, so as to achieve the >balance< of the individual self.– The second part uses Erich Fromm’s theory of >possession and existence< to explore Lawrence’s thoughts on the relationship between people. In Lawrence’s opinion, due to the dominance of >possessive< value orientation, the lovers’ relationship, family relationship and class relationship in the era of industrial civilization were also out of balance, and they tried to control, dominate and possess others, resulting in the breakdown of interpersonal relationship. In view of this bad situation, Lawrence proposed the concept of >interstellar balance< relationship model, calling on modern people to get out of the dilemma of self-centeredness and build a relationship model of >existence<, sharing and symbiosis on the basis of respecting others, so as to rebuild the balance of human relations.– The third part discusses Lawrence’s thoughts on the relationship between human beings and nature in modern industrial civilization from the perspective of ecological criticism. Lawrence believed that the relationship between man and nature became estranged and antagonistic during the transition from agricultural civilization to industrial civilization. His works deeply reflect on and criticize the anthropocentrism and development-oriented concepts in western culture, and accuse human beings of unrestrained conquest of nature. In Lawrence’s view, human beings are part of nature, and they should Revere nature, return to nature, blend in with nature, and live in harmony with nature. Only by conquering nature and reconciling with nature and restoring the balance between man and nature can modern people overcome the ecological crisis and seek the healthy and all-round development of human society.– The conclusion focuses on the inner constitution and current significance of Lawrence’s concept of >balance<. Lawrence’s works comprehensively present his profound reflection on modern industrial civilization and his grand conception of future ideal civilization. His thought has obvious integrity and systematism. In this regard, his idea of >balance<, ostensibly derived from his meditation on the ideal of love, actually runs through his complex meditation on the whole of modern civilization. In his opinion, individuals, society and nature constitute an organic whole. Any imbalance at one level may lead to the imbalance at other levels and trigger a chain reaction at other levels. In order to restore balance at any level, the reconstruction of balance state at other levels is indispensable. Although Lawrence’s concept of >balance< is obviously utopian, it still has important reference value and significance in today’s era of numerous spiritual problems, continuous cultural conflicts and continuous deterioration of ecological environment. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ma, Yuzhi T1 - Loneliness and Recovery: A Study of Yiyun Li’s Short Stories from the Perspective of Fromm’s Neo-psychoanalysis, Master thesis, Chinese Literature, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Loneliness, as a universal sensation, has been a classic topic in literature for a long time. Yiyun Li, a new star in Chinese American literature, has published several short stories in The New Yorker, employing her upbringing memories in her motherland and English, the public language in a foreign land. The loneliness and plight of ordinaries against the profound epochal background have been the universal themes in her works and her humanistic and calm written style attracts readers’ attention. At present, studies of Yiyun’s short stories have concentrated on translation strategies, trauma, culture or multicultural, and Chinese characteristics. However, there is a lack of research on the theme of loneliness. In following six representative short stories, >A Thousand Years of Good Prayers< (2005), >A Flawless Silence<(2018), >Extra< (2005), >Gold Boy, Emerald Girl<(2010), >The Science of Flight< (2010), >A Small Flame< (2017), Yiyun Li portrays different kinds of loneliness with different characters in a psychological sense, which is a mirror reflection of the existential predicaments and spiritual dilemmas of modern people, highlighting the universal value of loneliness in literary criticism. The thesis will investigate the theme of loneliness in the six short stories mentioned above, integrating four key concepts on loneliness in Fromm’s Neo-psychoanalytic theory: automation conformity, authoritarianism, the needs for love, and social unconsciousness to examine three types of loneliness in Li’s writings, such as the aphasics, the marginal man, and the rootless people, to ascertain the association of loneliness among these three types of people, and then, to trace the origins of loneliness from the insane personality, the impotence to love, and the suppressed social unconscious. Therefore, the first key to recovering from loneliness is that individuals must confront and accept loneliness; secondly, they should employ spontaneous love to relieve loneliness; and finally, they could completely get rid of loneliness and make connections with the outside world through joint efforts. Li only depicts loneliness, leaving the question on how to dissipate it to readers. Notably, with her caring and warming kindness for her characters, she invites readers to think together and discuss the ways to cure loneliness. Therefore, from the perspective of Fromm’s Neo-psychoanalytic criticism, the thesis offers guidance for the aphasics, the marginalized and the rootless to get beyond loneliness, and provides reference and insight for loneliness research in a contemporary social context. [www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ma, Huanie T1 - Loneliness and Redemption——An Interpretation of >God Help the Child< from the Perspective of Fromm's View of Freedom [孤独与救赎——弗洛姆自由观视域下的《上帝救助孩子》解读] [application of Fromm’s theories to art] JF - Journal of Hunan University of Science and Engineering [湖南科技学院学报], No. 1 (2022), pp. 100-104. N2 - 《上帝救助孩子》是托妮·莫里森以美国当代社会为创作背景的文学作品,展示了美国当代社会各年龄、各阶层、各族裔民众孤独、焦虑的生存图景。文章以弗洛姆的自由观为理论视角,通过对比分析文本中人物逃避消极自由带来的自我救赎失败及追求积极而成功自我救赎的差异,揭示了创造性的爱与劳动是现代人重获自由,不必牺牲自我的完整性而恢复与自然及他人联结的唯一途径。 N2 - >God Save the Children< is a literary work written by Toni Morrison in the context of contemporary American society, showing the lonely and anxious existence of people of all ages, classes and ethnicities in contemporary American society. The essay uses Fromm's concept of freedom as a theoretical perspective. By comparing and analyzing the difference between the characters' failure to redeem themselves by escaping from negative freedom and their pursuit of positive and successful self-redemption, the essay reveals that creative love and labor are the only way for modern people to regain freedom and restore their connection with nature and others without having to sacrifice the integrity of the self. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 5/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Luo, Dongmei T1 - The Complex Historical Context of Marx's Concept of Man [马克思关于人的概念的复杂历史脉络] JF - Theory Research [学理论], No. 3 (2022), pp. 22-24. N2 - 以弗洛姆为代表的西方学者认为马克思人的概念是>本真性<的人自我演化的同一性过程,但是马克思关于人的概念是复杂的,它从>人的自我意识<的问题式转换为>人的社会类本质>的问题式,最后转换为一定历史的<现实的个人<的科学阐释。因此,在这种差别转换中,不存在始终如一的>本真性<的人的概念,也就是说这一概念在马克思那里不应简单当作某种自我深化、自我演化的同一性过程,而应理解成在特定历史交互语境之下不同问题式和话语实践的差异性转换。 N2 - Western scholars, represented by Fromm, believe that Marx's concept of man is a homogeneous process of self-evolution of the >trueman's self-consciousness< to the problematic of >man's social-like nature<, and finally to the scientific interpretation of the >real individual< of a certain history. Therefore, in this differential transformation, there is no consistent >true< concept of man, that is, this concept should not be taken as some self-deepening, self-evolving process of homogeneity in Marx, but should be understood as the differential transformation of different problematic and discursive practices in a specific historical context of interaction. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mäder, Ueli T1 - Haben oder Sein: Leben statt Profit! Was mache ich aus dem, was die Gesellschaft aus mir macht? JF - Internationale Erich Fromm Gesellschaft (Ed.): Erich Fromm-Preis 2022 an Ueli Mäder. Die Beiträge der Preisverleihung, Neuhofen/Ybbs (Zeuys Books), 2022, pp. 51-105. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mäder, Ueli T1 - Für eine friedliche Gesellschaft JF - Volksstimme, Sissach No. 117 (21. Oktober 2022). Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mäder, Ueli A1 - Aenishänslin, Daniel T1 - Der Preis passt zu meiner Arbeit. Interview von Daniel Aenishänslin T2 - Basler Zeitung, 21. März 2022, Kultur und Gesellschaft, S. 17. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mäder, Ueli T1 - Haben oder Sein: Leben statt Profit! JF - Das Denknetz, Zürich No. 11, April 2022, pp. 24-25. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hamilton, John T. T1 - Populations, Multitudes, and the Limits of Plurality JF - Clemens, M., et al. (Eds.), Die Wiederkehr des autoritären Charakters. Transatlantische Perspektiven, ed. by Manuel Clemens, Thorben Päthe and Marc Petersdorff, Wiesbaden (Springer SV) 2022, pp. 235-246. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Han, Sun-Young T1 - 집단상담에서의 힘의 변형 연구 – 권위적인 힘으로부터 상호적인 힘으로의 변형 [A Study on the Transformation of Power in Group Counseling – Transformation from Authoritarian Power to Reciprocal Power] JF - 한국기독교신학논총 [Korean Journal of Christian Studies], No. 123 (2022), pp. 301-336. N2 - 본 연구의 목적은 힘의 변형 관점에서 집단상담 이론을 재이론화하고, 이에 근거하여 청소년의 폭력성이 집단상담 과정을 통해 변형된 사례를 분석하는 것이다. 연구자는 본 연구를 통해 집단상담이 힘의 변형 자원이 있음을 논증하고, 힘의 변형 관점에서 권위주의가 뿌리 깊은 한국의 목회 영역에 유의미한 실천적 적용을 모색하고자 하였다. 힘은 관계의 맥락 안에서 권위적인지, 혹은 상호적인지 정의되어질 수 있다. 본 연구에서의 힘의 변형이란, 대인관계과정에서 권위적인 힘이 상호적인 힘으로 변형되는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구를진행하기 위해 연구자는 문헌연구와 사례연구를 병행하였다. 본 연구는 집단상담의 이론과 과정을 힘의 변형 관점에서 다시 구조화했다는 점에서 그 주요한 성과가 있다. 또한 집단상담의 힘의 변형 자원을 신학적으로 조명하여 오늘날 한국교회의 리더십 유형과 공동체의 관계성 유형을 모색하였다는 점에서도 의의가 있다. N2 - The purpose of this study is to re-theorize the group counseling theory from a perspective of power transformation, and to analyze cases in which adolescent violence is transformed through the group counseling process. Through this study, the researcher tried to demonstrate that group counseling has a transformative resource of power. The researcher also attempted to seek a meaningful practical application to the pastoral field in Korea, where authoritarianism is deeply rooted from the perspective of transforming power. Power can be defined as authoritative or reciprocal within the context of a relationship. The transformation of power in this study means that the authoritative power is transformed into a reciprocal power in the interpersonal process. Literature studies and case studies were used for this study. This study has a major achievement in that it restructured the theory and process of group counseling from the perspective of power transformation. It is also meaningful in that this research explores the leadership style of the Korean church today and the relationship style of the community by theologically illuminating the transforming resources of the power of group counseling. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gu, Yanhui T1 - Contemporary Students’ Freedom Dilemma and Educational Transcendence [论学生的自由困境与教育实践的超越] JF - Educational Science Research, No. 3 (2022), pp. 2022(02), pp. 13-19. N2 - 自由既是人类发展的最高追求,也是教育进步的理想目标。而处于现代性情境之中的学生却常常面临不自由、伪自由、逃避自由三重自由困境。依据弗洛姆对现代性的分析,当前学生的自由困境与现代性带来的社会异化和精神异化息息相关,物欲主义和消费主义横行也严重制约了学生的自我身份认知,而对孤独的恐惧和意义感枯竭则使学生无力享有应有的自由。要帮助学生走出自由困境,就应当从两个方面实现教育实践的超越:通过人本主义教育目的的回归摆脱外界的束缚,通过重建审美的教育世界构筑通往终极自由的道路。 N2 - Freedom is both the highest pursuit of human development and the ideal goal of educational progress. However, students in the context of modernity are often faced with the triple freedom dilemma of un-freedom, pseudo-freedom, and freedom avoidance. According to Fromm's analysis of modernity, students' freedom dilemma is closely related to the social and spiritual alienation brought about by modernity, and the prevalence of materialism and consumerism also severely restricts students' self-identity, while the fear of loneliness and the depletion of meaning make students unable to enjoy the freedom they deserve. To help students get out of the freedom dilemma, we should transcend educational practice in two ways: by returning to the humanistic educational purpose to get rid of external constraints, and by rebuilding the aesthetic educational world to build the path to ultimate freedom. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guo, Yongyu T1 - Enlightenment Values of Erich Fromm's Humanistic Psychoanalysis [弗洛姆人本主义精神分析的启蒙价值] JF - Acta Psychologica Sinica [心理学报], Vol. 54, No. 2 (2022), pp. 205-218. N2 - 弗洛姆人本主义精神分析综合了欧洲文化传统的理性主义、人本主义、批判精神和救世情怀这些基本要素, 他试图用理性主义和人本主义的标准和精神分析心理学的工具来剖析他所处的社会和身边的人, 并探索实现理想社会和人的发展的途径。这一事业的价值实际上是启蒙。他从现代人的不安全感处境出发, 深刻分析了威权主义、民族主义、消费主义的病理机制, 进而提出了基于人本主义原则的社会改革方案。弗洛姆人本主义精神分析的理论和实践对于21世纪人类发展问题的解决仍然具有启发意义。 N2 - Erich Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis theory integrated the basic elements of European cultural traditions, including rationalism, humanism, critical attitude, and Messianism. His main work was to analyze the people in his community and the society in which he lived, with the standards of rationalism and humanism and the methods of psychoanalytic psychology, and to explore the ways of achieving the ideal society and realizing human development. The essence of this work is enlightenment. As a humanistic philosopher in the 20th century, Fromm inherited the unfinished business from those enlightenment philosophers in the 17th and 18th centuries and opened up a way to solve the dilemma of existence debated by his contemporaries, which, in turn, helped modern people overcome the inertia of human nature (i.e., regression toward a child state) and move toward rationality and independence. Grounded in the sense of insecurity that modern people experienced, Fromm deeply analyzed the pathological mechanisms of authoritarianism, nationalism, and consumerism, and suggested a social reform program based on the principles of humanism. As mentioned, Fromm profoundly analyzed the psychological mechanisms and the consequences that modern people relied on to alleviate or even eliminate their sense of insecurity by embracing authoritarianism, nationalism, and consumerism. Those behaviors and the underlying psychological constructs are seemingly becoming more serious nowadays, which highlights the depth and foresight of Fromm's theory. Inspired by his theory, researchers have conducted empirical studies on the relevant topics in Fromm's psychology. The findings of those works provide new evidence supporting Fromm's theory that the enlightenment values of his humanistic psychoanalysis are still practically significant for the solution to the challenges to human development in the 21st century. In his 40-year academic career, Fromm demonstrated how clearly and steadily his social values and personal academic missions were. Given his contributions, Fromm should be considered an enlightenment scholar. According to Immanuel Kant, enlightenment is defined as >man's emergence from his self-incurred immaturity.< It is so convenient to be immature! Enlightenment requires that we know what we don't know, discover what we haven't discovered, exercise the right to criticism without any constraint, endure the loneliness of independence, and then think of ourselves as mature and responsible human beings. Only if the perfectibility of man indicated by philosophers exists and only if we human beings have room to improve will enlightenment continue to play its role in people's self-realization and function as a premise of human development. Whether an independent person or human beings at large, self-growth never ends on one hand, and to overcome the regressive inertia of human nature never ends on the other. As long as this conflict exists, the task of enlightenment will never be completed, and, in this regard, Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis theory will continue to inspire people with its unique values and perspectives. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2021] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hardeck, Jürgen T1 - Begrüßung bei der Verleihung des Erich Fromm Preises 2022 an Ueli Mäder JF - Internationale Erich Fromm Gesellschaft (Ed.): Erich Fromm-Preis 2022 an Ueli Mäder. Die Beiträge der Preisverleihung, Neuhofen/Ybbs (Zeuys Books), 2022, pp. 9-18. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Jing T1 - The Value Choice and Transcendence of the View of a Better Life under the Changing Times – The Value Dimension of Fromm's Philosophy of Life and Its Contemporary Enlightenment [时代变局下美好生活观的价值选择及超越——弗洛姆生活哲学的价值向度及其当代启示] JF - Foreign Theoretical Trends [国外理论动态], No. 2 (2022), pp. 157-164. N2 - 面对20世纪的两次世界大战、冷战及核战争危机等教训,什么样的生活才是美好生活?人们有没有可能及如何实现美好生活?这是主导弗洛姆学术思想的重要主题。弗洛姆回归人本主义,构建了一套完整的、以人本主义伦理学为理论基础的美好生活理论,并主张对资本主义制度进行全面改革,以实现美好生活。显然,弗洛姆的人本主义已经超越了伦理学人本主义的范畴,具有政治哲学意蕴。从政治哲学视阈剖析弗洛姆的美好生活观,厘清其背后蕴含的价值选择,有助于探寻当前时代变局下美好生活的本质要义和实践路径。 N2 - In the face of the lessons learned from the two world wars, the Cold War and the nuclear war crisis of the 20th century, what kind of life is a good life? Is it possible and how can people achieve the good life? This is an important theme that dominates Fromm's academic thought. Fromm returns to humanism, constructs a complete theory of the good life based on humanistic ethics, and advocates a comprehensive reform of the capitalist system in order to realize the good life. Obviously, Fromm's humanism has gone beyond the scope of ethical humanism and has political philosophical implications. Analyzing Fromm's view of the good life from the perspective of political philosophy and clarifying the value choices behind it can help explore the essence and practical path of the good life under the current changes of the times. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Lifang T1 - A Study of Theodore’s Alienation in >The Goldfinch<, Master thesis, World Literature, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - As one of the most famous contemporary female writers in America, Donna Tartt is a newly rising star in American literary circles. It is Tartt’s merit to describe the loss and confusion of teenagers and her work is characterized by its graceful language, compact plot and great readability. As a masterpiece that has taken Tartt’s nearly eleven years to get completed, >The Goldfinch< tells a story of a miserable boy and a famous painting which has escaped a disaster. Since its publication in 2013, >The Goldfinch< has been interpreted by scholars at home and abroad from different perspectives, whose research results are mainly concentrated on its theme and narrative skills. However, there have been no scholars so far who have interpreted the alienation phenomenon of the protagonist in the work from the perspective of alienation. Therefore, the author attempts to give a brand-new analysis and interpretation of Theodore’s alienation phenomenon in the novel with the guidance of famous psychologist Fromm’s theory of alienation, which aims to provide readers with more abundant angle to understand this masterpiece. This thesis consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. In the part of introduction, Donna Tartt and her masterpiece >The Goldfinch< are briefly arranged. Besides, this part summarizes the current research status of this topic at home and abroad and gives a brief introduction of the alienation theory of Fromm. The research significance of this paper is also clarified in this part. The body part is the main body of this thesis, which consists of three chapters. The first chapter explores the manifestations of Theodore’s alienation, which is embodied in his alienation from society, from others and from himself. Alienation is an extremely adverse phenomenon that will do harm to one’s mental health. However, it is unavoidable for Theodore to suffer from alienation due to his miserable sufferings and living environment. The second chapter analyzes the roots of Theodore’s alienation, which is carefully clarified from the perspective of society, family and Theodore’s psychology.– The first section discusses the social roots of Theodore’s alienation: the unstable social environment and the general absence of family ethics have caused individuals’ general estrangement and alienation.– The second section shows the family roots of Theodore’s alienation: the early death of his mother and the absence of his family affection lead to the cultivation of his closed and timid character.– The third section explores the psychological roots of Theodore’s alienation: his inner emptiness and loneliness are the fundamental reasons for his alienation. The third chapter analyzes the process of how Theodore constructively eliminates his alienation and finally obtains a sound psychology. The acquisition of fatherly affection and the nourishment of friendship make him feel be loved and help him gain a sense of security and the courage to move forward. Besides, the re-establishment of relationships with the outside world gives him a sense of accomplishment and helps him realize his own value. Moreover, the painting >The Goldfinch< provides him with a broad artistic space, in which he can find some comfort and courage. All of these factors have contributed to the elimination of Theodore’s alienation.– The conclusion part is the summary of the above analysis. By analyzing the manifestations and roots of Theodore’s alienation, and his efforts to eliminate alienation under the guidance of Fromm’s alienation theory, the author constructively gives the advice of solving the spiritual crisis and eliminating the alienation phenomenon of modern people. Besides, the significance and shortcomings of this thesis are also clarified in this part. With the rapid progress of society, people’s material life has been greatly improved. However, people’s spiritual world has not kept pace with their increasing material wealth. The relationships among people become aloof and isolated, which is harmful to one’s healthy development and the progress of society. Therefore, this paper aims to provide some constructive suggestions for modern people to properly handle their anxiety and eliminate their alienation phenomenon through the detailed analysis of Theodore’s alienation. It also aims to achieve the healthy development of individuals and help them establish a harmonious relationship full of love. [www.cnki.net, 11/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Peng T1 - A Study of Alienation in >Oryx and Crake< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Alienation Theory, Master thesis, World Literatur, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theory to art]. N2 - As one of the most prominent and prolific writers in contemporary Canada, Margaret Atwood has won the Booker Prize twice. >Oryx and Crake< is Margaret Atwood’s eleventh novel, which mainly describes the clear recollections of sole human survivor Jimmy-Snowman before the crack of doom. His best friend Crake has destroyed humanity by creating a deadly virus that quickly spreads to the whole world and causes the destruction of human beings. By depicting the alienation phenomenon in the novel, Atwood reveals the predicament of modern people in a modern society and shows her humanistic concern. Based on Fromm's alienation theory, this thesis analyses the phenomenon of alienation from three aspects: the self-alienation, the relationship alienation and the social alienation. Firstly, the self-alienation means that man loses his creativity and subjectivity. Through creative activities and self-love, man can achieve his spiritual development and subjectivity. Secondly, this thesis also explores the relationship alienation. In modern society, people tend to make use of each other to safeguard their interests, which leads to the love that between family members and lovers is not pure. Through mature motherly love and erotic love, children will establish a more harmonious relationship with their parents and lovers will have a deeper understanding of each other. Thirdly, it comes to the social alienation. Technology alienation and consumption alienation are embodied in the social alienation. The misuse of technology and the possession of material things cause the alienation between man and society. In order to establish a humane society, humans can establish a harmonious relationship with society by having a humanistic planning and humanized consumption. By discussing the alienation phenomenon and the methods to eliminate alienation, this thesis attempts to provide a salutary lesson. In order to eliminate alienation, people should establish a harmonious relationship with themselves, others and society with the creativity, love and humanistic spirit. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Wenli T1 - [Fromm's Theory of Consumption Alienation and Its Contemporary Value [弗洛姆消费异化理论及其当代价值] JF - Journal of Tasting the Classics [品位经典], No. 6, (2022), pp. 22-25. N2 - 第三次工业革命以来,消费不仅成为生产的首要指向,也早已成为工业社会人们共同认可的生存价值,进而导致现代人的人生价值沉浸于消费编织的虚假美梦,以为人生的幸福是对于消费的实现。弗洛姆提出消费异化理论直指消费社会的虚假和卑劣,主张人要恢复爱、理智和创造力,意图通过经济、政治、文化的民主手段推动人本质的回归,推进社会发展。弗洛姆的异化理论虽有乌托邦性,但能够正视社会发展存在的资源浪费和人的消费心理问题,能够吸收国外社会发展的经验教训为社会主义的社会发展提供借鉴。 N2 - Since the Third Industrial Revolution, consumption has not only become the primary point of production, but also has long become the commonly accepted survival value of people in industrial society, which in turn has led to modern people's life value being immersed in the false dream woven by consumption, thinking that the happiness of life is for the realization of consumption. Fromm's theory of consumer alienation points directly to the falsity and vileness of consumer society, advocates that people should recover love, reason and creativity, and intends to promote the return of human essence through economic, political and cultural democratic means to advance social development. Although Fromm's alienation theory is utopian, it can face up to the problems of waste of resources and human consumption psychology in social development, and can absorb the lessons of foreign social development to provide reference for socialist social development. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Wenna T1 - Research on College Students’ >Campus Loan< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Consumption Alienation, Master thesis, Higher Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2022. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available.] With the gradual enrichment of material resources, the phenomenon of consumption alienation in western developed capitalist countries has also appeared in contemporary China. Consumption alienation has brought many specific problems and harms to contemporary China, and college students’ Campus loan is one of them. Some college students’ consumption psychology is affected by the phenomenon of consumption alienation and have a fanatical pursuit of goods and commodities. Because they have no economic income and limited economic ability, they choose to borrow and consume in the way of >campus loan< to meet their material desire, which leads to a series of >campus loan< problems. Fromm’s consumption alienation theory has a very important reference significance to solve the problem of College Students’ >campus loan<, so this paper systematically combs the main contents of Fromm’s consumption alienation theory. Firstly, it explains the core concept of Fromm’s consumption alienation theory and consumption alienation; Secondly, it points out that the performance and harm of consumption alienation are mainly reflected in three aspects: consumption alienation makes people lose their subjectivity and creativity, makes people have a false sense of happiness and psychological emptiness, and brings about the survival crisis of modern people; Thirdly, it analyzes the causes of consumption alienation, which has human and social roots; Finally, Fromm pointed out that in order to get rid of consumption alienation, we must establish a productive personality and humane consumption mode and realize the comprehensive reform of the transformation from a sick society to a sound society. Based on Fromm’s consumption alienation theory, this paper analyzes the current situation, harm and solution of College Students’ Campus loan by using the methods of literature research and integrating theory with practice. Firstly, this paper combs the current situation and classification of College students’ >campus loan<, mainly including consumer loan products, routine loan products and campus network loan. At present, consumer loan products and routine loan products are more in contact with college students, and campus network loan seriously endangers the physical and mental health of College students. At present, due to national supervision, it has stopped operation one after another; Secondly, it deeply analyzes the harm of College students’ campus loan to college students themselves, their families and all aspects of the school; Finally, from the perspective of Fromm’s consumption alienation theory, the paper puts forward that to solve the problem of College Students’ >campus loan<, we should cultivate college students’ sound personality and advocate correct consumption patterns, and puts forward specific solutions from these two aspects. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Xiaoxian T1 - An Analysis of Fromm's Existence Concept, Master thesis, Philosophy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China 2022. N2 - Erich Fromm is an American psychologist and psychoanalyst. In his system of doctrine, the existence concept occupies an important position. In Fromm’s view, existence mode not only reflects the individual’s living conditions, but also reflects the status and level of social development. Existence mode is not only an issue of values, but also an issue of ethics and psychology. Fromm’s concept is deeply influenced by Marx and Freud. Marx’s alienated labor theory and Freud’s psychoanalytic theory constitute important theoretical sources of his existence concept. Fromm divides existence mode into two types: the mode of having and the mode of being. Fromm profoundly reveals the social psychology and character characteristics of having, as well as the negative effects of having on all levels of society. On this basis, Fromm believes that it is necessary to shape a proactive mode of existence with >freedom<, >creativity< and >love< as the core demands, and to promote the construction of a new society through reforms at the political, economic and cultural levels, and to cultivate the new person with ideas of existence mode. By doing so, it is effective to eliminate the negative effects caused by alienation, reification and fetishism, and to transcend the existence mode of having. Fromm’s denial and criticism of the existence mode of having and the advocacy and assumption of the existence mode of being have positive enlightenment significance for the spiritual civilization construction of our society and the all-round development of human beings. However, Fromm’s existence thought also has obvious limitations. He lacks historical materialism. Although he recognizes that the generalization of the existence mode of having is the result of the development of private ownership, he ignores and downplays the decisive role of the economic foundation in social change. The social reform plan he proposes is out of touch with reality and has a strong utopian color, making it difficult to become a reality. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yuyan A1 - Li, Jia T1 - >Having< is not >Being<: Fromm’s Theory of Alienated Consumption and Its Sublation JF - Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University (Social Sciences), No. 2 (2022), pp. 75-81. N2 - Fromm divided the value orientation of human beings into two kinds: emphasis on >having< and emphasis on >being<, and distinguished the essence of the two. He pointed out that alienated consumption is a way of existence of emphasis on having, which leads to the alienation of human beings and nature, between people and people as well as individual human beings, so that people are more and more far away from the >being<. He believes that only by changing the value orientation of people can we abandon the alienated consumption and return to the nature of human existence. Under the influence of western consumer society, alienated consumption is also spreading in our country. At this critical time, Fromm’s criticism of alienated consumption is of great significance for us to cultivate the correct consumption concept, imple¬ment the correct consumption behavior, and realize the sustainable utilization of resources, social harmony and the all-round development of human beings [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lin, Jinbo T1 - The Self and the Other – From the Perspective of Fromm [自我与他者——从弗洛姆的视角切入] JF - Journal of Social Science of Jiamusi University [佳木斯大学社会科学学报], No. 3 (2022), pp. 15-18. N2 - 个体自由是自文艺复兴以来不断被探讨的一个问题,传统的人与人的依赖关系逐渐被剥离,个体呈现出了>原子化<的特征,也因此,个体与个体之间的矛盾与冲突逐步加剧。针对这一问题,弗洛姆作为西方马克思主义和弗洛伊德主义的一位结合者,基于他对于人本主义和精神分析心理学的多重分析,从人道化社会的角度阐述了社会对于人的重要作用。而其思想路径也彰显了探索人与社会关系动态平衡的新角度。 N2 - Individual freedom is an issue that has been continuously discussed since the Renaissance, and the traditional human dependency relationship has been gradually stripped away, and the individual has become >atomized<, thus, the contradictions and conflicts between individuals have gradually intensified. In response to this problem, Fromm, as a combination of Western Marxism and Freudianism, based on his multiple analyses of humanism and psychoanalytic psychology, expounded the important role of society for human beings from the perspective of humanized society. And his ideological path also highlights a new perspective of exploring the dynamic balance between human and social relations. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zhuoyue T1 - A Study on Southern American Society in >Clock Without Hands< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Alienation Theory, Master thesis, World Literature, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Carson McCullers is an important female writer in the history of American Southern literature, and her works are full of description of Southern society. >Clock Without Hands<, her last novel, describes the Southern people and events in the mid-twentieth century. Most research outcomes focus on characters and mental description in the novel, a few are concerned with its social discourse, but few literary critics probe the alienation and its connection with society and history. This thesis explores the characters’ alienation condition in the South from the perspective of the alienation theory, which Fromm also emphasizes the individual experience and social elements, so as to reveal the panorama of Southern American society in >Clock Without Hands<. This thesis concludes that McCullers’ description on social alienation and social changes of the novel presents Southern advancement in the twentieth century, and it provides a new way to understand Southern society in >Clock Without Hands<, with the analysis of its theme of alienation. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maiwald, Florian T1 - The Burden of Freedom: Sartre’s Sleep and Fromm’s Awakening JF - Epoché Magazine, Issue #56, October 2022. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuznetsow, Ilya Olegovich T1 - Экзистенциальные вызовы постсовременного общества: анализируя Эриха Фромма [Existential challenges of post-modern society: analyzing Erich Fromm] JF - Южный полюс Исследования по истории современной западной философии [South Pole Studies in the History of Modern Western Philosophy], Vol. 8, No. 1-2 (2022), pp. 76-80. [doi.org/10.18522/2415-8682-2022-8-76-80] N2 - в статье приводится попытка показать и доказать, что, несмотря на прошедшее время, Эрих Фромм говорит с нами о нашей социальной реальности на нашем языке. >Диагнозы< больной ткани постсовременного гражданского общества, а также оценки феноменов социальной и экзистенциальной реальности, поражают своей точностью и актуальностью. В статье анализируются работы Фромма, а также комментирующая литература современных западных авторов. N2 - The article is an attempt to show and explain that, despite the past tense, Erich Fromm speaks to us about our social reality in our language. The >diagnosis< of the diseased tissue of postmodern society, as well as the assessment of the phenomena of social and existential reality, are striking in their sharpness and relevance. The article analyzes the works of Fromm, as well as the commentary literature of modern Western authors. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krenzlin, Kathleen T1 - >Schreibe mir nur immer viel<. Der Briefwechsel zwischen Hans und Lea Grundig JF - K. Krenzlin (Hg.), >Schreibe mir nur immer viel<. Der Briefwechsel zwischen Hans und Lea Grundig. Ein Werkstattbericht Im Auftrag der Akademie der Künste, Berlin, und der Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung hg. von Kathleen Krenzlin, Berlin und München (Deutscher Kunstverlag), 2022, pp. 015-048. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lemoine, Laurence T1 - Erich Fromm - Psychoanalöste socialiste JF - Psychologies, Paris (Reworldmedia Magazines) December 2022, pp. 94-97. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leonardi, Jessica A1 - Gazzillo, Francesco A1 - Dazzi, Nino T1 - The adaptive unconscious in psychoanalysis JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 201-217. N2 - This paper aims to emphasize the fundamental role of unconscious processes in our adaptation. We will point out how we are able to unconsciously perform higher mental functions such as setting goals and planning how to pursue them, dealing with complex data, and making choices and judgments. In the first part of this paper, we will describe the main features of conscious and unconscious processes as pointed out by recent empirical research studies, and we will see how safety is essential in pursuing our fundamental goals, and how unconscious mental processes are strongly oriented towards preserving our safety and pursuing these goals. Finally, we will discuss control-mastery theory (CMT), an integrative, relational, cognitive-dynamic theory of mental functioning, psychopathology, and psychotherapy processes developed by Joseph Weiss and empirically validated by Weiss, Harold Sampson, and the San Francisco Psychotherapy Research Group over the last 50 years. This conceptualizes unconscious processes starting from this >higher unconscious mental functioning< paradigm and, in accordance with research data, stresses that our main goal is to adapt to reality and pursue adaptive developmental goals while preserving our safety. Three clinical vignettes will help show how the concepts proposed by CMT have important implications for therapeutic process. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Huaizheng A1 - Jiao, Man T1 - The Contribution of Fromm’s Social Character Theory to Historical Materialism JF - Journal of Harbin University. No. 12 (2022), pp. 6-11. N2 - On the basis of Freud’s character theory, Fromm introduced Marx’s historical materialism and creatively put forward the social character theory, which not only broke through the limitations of Freud’s character theory, but also improved Marx’s historical materialism. With the help of social character theory, Fromm elaborated the concrete operation mechanism between social existence and social consciousness. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 11/2022] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lenhard, Philipp T1 - Verschlungen vom Behemoth. Franz L. Neumann und der Holocaust JF - Münchner Beiträge zur jüdischen Geschichte und Kultur, Vol 16 (No. 2, 2022): Die Frankfurter Schule und der Holocaust, pp. 075-094. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lenhard, Philipp T1 - Einleitung JF - Münchner Beiträge zur jüdischen Geschichte und Kultur, Vol 16 (No. 2, 2022): Die Frankfurter Schule und der Holocaust, pp. 007-013. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN ED - Lenhard, Philipp T1 - Die Frankfurter Schule und der Holocaust, Münchner Beiträge zur jüdischen Geschichte und Kultur, Vol 16 (No. 2, 2022), 128 pp. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoevenberg, Hilja T1 - >Hans, gehst du zum Ggauklerfest?< Im Dickicht eines Bildes JF - K. Krenzlin (Hg.), >Schreibe mir nur immer viel<. Der Briefwechsel zwischen Hans und Lea Grundig. Ein Werkstattbericht Im Auftrag der Akademie der Künste, Berlin, und der Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung hg. von Kathleen Krenzlin, Berlin und München (Deutscher Kunstverlag), 2022, pp. 155-172. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ims, Knut T1 - Love in the Classroom? The Relevance of Erich Fromm’s Concept of Love for Business Students JF - Mukherjee, S., Zsolnai, L. (Eds.): Global Perspectives on Indian Spirituality and Management, Singapore (Springer) 2022, pp. 367–380. [Online ISBN 978-981-19-1158-3] [doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1158-3_30] N2 - One of the challenges of modern business ethics is to deal with the limitations of the existing model of man in economics and business – the image of homo economicus as a rational selfish being – and search for alternative visions of criteria of success for business entrepreneurs and leaders. Business ethics needs the concept of genuine love. Otherwise, business ethics is reduced to an instrumental endeavor and cannot play the ultimate role it should in a world dominated by big corporations which compete fiercely on a global market. The so-called >the Ethics Management Paradox< is an important warning against the problems with a rational and technocratic conception of ethics. The paper applies Erich Fromm’s concept of >productive love< in business education. To contextualize Fromm’s concept of love, the paper draws on the author’s personal experiences with the course >Ethical action< that has been offered for more than two decades at NHH Norwegian School of Economics in Bergen. The central question is: Can Fromm’s conception of love be applied in a business school setting with the purpose to develop the students’ empathy, to enrich their personal development and their understanding of what a good manager looks like? Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hennen, Erhard A1 - Dobstadt, Markus T1 - Vom Haben zum Sein? Markus Dobstadt von Publik Forum interviewt Erhard Hennen T2 - Publik Forum Nr. 19, 2022, S. 52. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - He, Yuting T1 - Analysis of >Self-Fiction< Psychology of Teenagers on Social Media: Based on the Thought of Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< [浅析社交媒体上青少年的>自我虚构<心理 – 以弗洛姆的>逃避自由<思想为理论基础] JF - Journal of Mianyang Teachers’ College, No. 12 (2022), pp. 38-45. N2 - Teenagers are in an important period of shaping their outlook on life, values and the world. Without correct ideological guidance, they are very likely to go astray. Under the impact of social transformation, there is a phenomenon of >self-fiction< among some young people. In order to seek recognition from others, they use selective presentation to shape their identity on social media. This is what Fromm mentioned in his thought of Escape from Freedom in order to flee from liberty and loneliness – the automation conformity. Based on his theory, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of >self-fiction< in social networks, and put forward measures from three levels of social culture, school education and personal psychology to guide teenagers to get rid of >self-fiction