TY - GEN A1 - Yao, Xuemei T1 - Research on the Improvement of Rural Teachers’ Survival Circumstance in Absolute Poverty-stricken Areas [深度贫困地区乡村教师生存境遇改善研究], Principles of Education, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing, China 2019. N2 - 2018年教育部联合国务院扶贫办印发了《深度贫困地区教育脱贫攻坚实施方案(2018-2020年)》(以下简称>方案<),方案进一步聚焦深度贫困地区的教育扶贫,力图用三年时间确保深度贫困地区如期完成>发展教育脱贫一批<任务。其中明确提出要加强乡村教师队伍建设,特别强调了>三区三州<乡村教师生活补助政策的落实,达到稳定和吸引优秀人才长期在乡村学校任教目的。尽管国家大力保障贫困地区乡村教师生存,但深度贫困地区的乡村教师在物质需要、精神需要及职业需要等生存境遇方面仍存在亟需解决的问题。本研究基于深度贫困地区乡村教师生存境遇的问题,选取了云南省怒江傈僳族自治州(以下简称>怒江州<)的贫困且是多民族聚居的F县为调研点。乡村教师对乡村教育的发展起着重要作用,云南省怒江州乡村教师生存境遇直接关系该州乡村教育的稳步发展。本文对怒江州F县乡村教师进行观察与深度访谈,借鉴弗洛姆对人的生存境遇的理论探讨,根据弗洛姆对人的生存需要分类,从调研实际出发,归纳概括为物质需要、精神需要、职业需要三方面以分析乡村教师生存需要。具体内容包括工资福利、住房交通、婚姻与工作、身体健康、工作压力、职业成就感、社会地位等七维度。在访谈与观察中发现,乡村教师在生存需要上依然存在问题亟待解决,且生存矛盾逐渐凸显。首先,深度贫困地区乡村教师的物质条件还比较差;其次,深度贫困地区乡村教师精神需要尚未满足;第三,深度贫困地区乡村教师职业选择自由缺失。此外,生存需要不满足导致了深度贫困地区乡村教师的生存矛盾问题凸显:工资待遇与当地公务员存在较大差距、福利津贴仍待进一步改善、身心健康尚未得到足够关注;在工作、社会地位、自我提升方面,当地的教师编制仍沿用旧时编制造成乡村教师工作负担重,且职称评聘尚未充分提升教师积极性,乡村教师社会地位较低等现象。以及工作时间长、工作负担重,教学压力大等问题依旧存在。另外,部分乡村教师存在职业成就感较低、自我意识比较弱、自我认同感不足等问题。弗洛姆认为要满足人的生存需要及解决人的生存困境,需要从人在生物学上的弱点、人>历史的二歧<和人>生存的二歧<三方面分析,回归到社会、经济、文化三者对人生存境遇的影响进行阐释。因此,本研究通过对怒江州地理环境的观察,傈僳族作为主体民族的民族历史文化追溯,怒江州乡村教师自我意识的探究,分析影响深度贫困地区乡村教师生存境遇的因素:第一,作为深度贫困地区的怒江州,其恶劣的自然地理环境、缓慢发展的经济环境影响乡村教师物质需要包括生存条件、工资福利等的满足;第二,多民族聚居地的民族文化环境影响乡村教师精神需要的获得;第三,长期处于封闭环境导致怒江州乡村教师自我意识弱,自我更新、自我提升等认识不够。以上诸多原因共同影响了乡村教师的生存境遇。基于以上对怒江州乡村教师生存境遇存在问题与影响因素的分析,本文提出改善深度贫困地区乡村教师生存境遇的措施:首先,加强政策倾斜。从政策、制度层面提供保障,保障乡村教师应有权益。其次,促进深度贫困地区文化建设。建设乡村文化、吸纳民族优秀传统文化,丰富乡村教师的工作与生活。第三,给予经济支持。努力缩小乡村教师与当地公务员的工资差距,并适当增加乡村教师福利。此外,给予深度贫困地区乡村教师爱的关注,积极促进乡村教师建立与他人、与外部环境联系,以提升乡村教师自我意识。最后,深度贫困地区的乡村学校在管理中应加强对教师的人文关怀。 N2 - In 2018, the Ministry of Education and the State Council Office of Poverty Alleviation issued the >Implementation Plan for Poverty Alleviation in Poverty-stricken Areas (2018-2020)< (hereinafter referred to as the >Program<). The program further focused on education poverty alleviation in deep poverty areas, and tried to ensure it in three years. Deep poverty-stricken areas completed the task of developing education to get rid of poverty as scheduled. Among them, it is clearly proposed to strengthen the construction of rural teachers, especially the implementation of the >three districts and three states< rural teachers’ living subsidy policy, to achieve stability and attract outstanding talents to teach in rural schools for a long time. There are some problems that need to be solved in terms of material needs, spiritual needs and occupational needs, although the government has implemented measures to protect the rural teachers in poverty-stricken areas. Based on the problem of rural teachers’ survival situation in deep poverty-stricken areas, this paper selects F County of Yunnan Nujiang Yi Autonomous Prefecture (hereinafter referred to as Nujiang State) as the research point, and F County is a typical poverty-stricken county and multi-ethnic county. Rural teachers play an important role in the development of rural education. The survival situation of rural teachers in Nujiang Prefecture of Yunnan Province is directly related to the steady development of rural education in the state. This paper conducts observations and in-depth interviews with rural teachers in F County of Nujiang Prefecture, draws on Fromm’s theoretical discussion on the living conditions of human beings, and classifies according to Fromm’s survival needs. From the actual research, it is summarized as material needs and spirit. Needs and occupations need three aspects to analyze the survival needs of rural teachers. The specific content includes wages and benefits, housing transportation, marriage and work, physical health, work stress, professional achievement, and social status. In interviews and observations, it is found that rural teachers still have problems in their survival needs, and the contradiction of survival has gradually become prominent. First of all, the material conditions of rural teachers in deep poverty areas are still relatively poor. Secondly, the spiritual needs of rural teachers in deep poverty areas have not been met. Third, the lack of free choice of rural teachers in deep poverty areas. In addition, the survival needs are not satisfied, which leads to the contradiction of the survival of rural teachers in deep poverty areas: the wages and salaries are far from the local civil servants, the welfare allowances are still to be further improved, and the physical and mental health has not received enough attention; at work, social status, self in terms of promotion, the local teacher establishment still uses the old time to compile the burden of rural teachers, and the title evaluation has not fully improved the enthusiasm of teachers, and the rural teachers have lower social status. Problems such as long working hours, heavy workload, and high teaching pressure still exist. In addition, some rural teachers have problems such as low professional achievement, weak self-awareness, and insufficient self-identity. Fromm believes that in order to meet people’s survival needs and solve people’s survival dilemma, it is necessary to analyze from the biological weaknesses, the >history of the two differences< and the >two differences< of human existence, returning to society, the economic and cultural aspects explain the impact of people’s living conditions. Therefore, this study traces the geographical environment of Nujiang Prefecture, traces the national history and culture of the Yi nationality as a main ethnic group, explores the self-awareness of rural teachers in Nujiang Prefecture, and analyzes the factors affecting the living conditions of rural teachers in deep poverty areas: as a deep poverty-stricken area Nujiang Prefecture, its poor natural geographical environment affects the material needs of rural teachers, including the living conditions, the satisfaction of wages and welfare; the national cultural environment of multi-ethnic settlements affect the spiritual needs of rural teachers; the long-term closed environment leads to the self-awareness of rural teachers in Nujiang Prefecture weak, lacking of self-awareness and many other reasons which have affected the living conditions of rural teachers. Based on the above-mentioned many problems in the survival situation of rural teachers in Nujiang Prefecture, this paper proposes measures to improve the living conditions of rural teachers in deep poverty areas: first, strengthen policy inclination to provide protection from the policy and institutional levels to ensure that rural teachers’ rights and interests. Second, promote cultural construction in areas of deep poverty. We will build rural culture, absorb the fine traditional culture of the nation, and enrich the work and life of rural teachers. Third, give financial support. To strive to narrow the wage gap between rural teachers and local civil servants, and appropriately increase the welfare of rural teachers. Finally, pay attention to the love of rural teachers in deep poverty areas, actively promotes the establishment of rural teachers’ relationship with others, and strengthens the humanistic care for rural teachers in school management. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kruczek, Agnieszka A1 - Janicka, Martyna T1 - Being or Having? – Young Adults Life Orientations and Their Satisfaction with Life [Mieć czy być? – orientacje życiowe młodych dorosłych a ich satysfakcja z życia] JF - Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology [Pschiatria I Psychologie Klinicze], Vol. 19, No. 2 (2019), pp. 158–164. [DOI: 10.15557/PiPK.2019.0016] N2 - Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to examine if life orientations of young adults (>being< or >having<) differentiate respondents with respect to the degree of life satisfaction. Material and methods: A total of 187 persons (143 woman and 44 man) aged 18 to 29 years were included in the study. The following methods were used in the study: sociodemographic questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale by E. Diener, R.A. Emmons, R.J. Larson, S. Griffin and the Being and Having Orientations Scale of B. Grulkowski. Results: A life orientation is a kind of behaviour regulator, that set the direction of human activity. There is a distinction between a >being< orientation (which refers to spiritual values) and a >having< orientation (which refers to possessing material things) that are manifested in a variety of experiences, and is related to human thinking, feeling, and acting. Therefore, a life orientation may play a really important role in the satisfaction with life. Most of the respondents were characterised by a mixed orientation (>being-having<) and an average level of satisfaction with life. There is no significant difference in the level of satisfaction with life according to gender and the subject of studies. It was shown that people with the >being< orientation have greater satisfaction with life than people with the >having< orientation. The obtained results, which show no differences in satisfaction with life according to gender, are consistent with the earlier studies. And so is the result that people with the dominant of the >being< orientation have greater satisfaction with life, than those with the >having< orientation. Conclusions: Only few papers about >being< and >having< orientations have been published so far since the method used in the study occurs only in the Polish language and there is no data about its adaptations in different countries. Results of conducted research set the direction of educational impact and give the scientific basis for a well-known saying: money can’t buy happiness. N2 - Cel: Zasadniczym celem prezentowanych badań było sprawdzenie, czy orientacje życiowe młodych dorosłych (>być< czy >mieć<) różnicują badanych pod względem nasilenia satysfakcji z życia. Materiał i metoda: Łącznie zbadano 187 osób (143 kobiety i 44 mężczyzn) w wieku od 18 do 29 lat. W badaniach zostały wykorzystane następujące metody: Skala Satysfakcji z Życia (Satisfaction with Life Scale, SWLS) autorstwa E. Dienera, R.A. Emmonsa, R.J. Larson i S. Griffin oraz Skala Postaw Być i Mieć autorstwa B. Grulkowskiego. Wyniki: Orientacja życiowa stanowi pewien rodzaj regulatora zachowania, który nadaje kierunek ludzkiej aktywności. Można mówić o rozróżnieniu pomiędzy orientacją >być< (odnosi się do wartości duchowych) oraz >mieć< (odnosi się do posiadania rzeczy materialnych), które przejawiają się w różnych doświadczeniach i są związane z ludzkim myśleniem, odczuwaniem i działaniem. Dlatego orientacja życiowa może odgrywać bardzo ważną rolę w satysfakcji z życia jednostki. W świetle uzyskanych wyników badań większość respondentów charakteryzowała się orientacją mieszaną (>być-mieć<) i średnim nasileniem satysfakcji z życia. Nie występowały istotne różnice w nasileniu satysfakcji z życia ze względu na płeć i kierunek studiów badanych. Natomiast wykazano, że osoby o orientacji >być< miały większą satysfakcję z życia niż osoby o orientacji >mieć<. Brak różnic w satysfakcji z życia ze względu na płeć jest zgodny z wynikami wcześniej przeprowadzonych badań, podobnie jak wynik dotyczący związku orientacji >być< z większą satysfakcją z życia. Wnioski: Dotychczas opublikowano nieliczne artykuły na temat orientacji >być< i >mieć<, z uwagi na fakt, że metoda zastosowana w badaniu występuje tylko w języku polskim i nie ma danych o jej adaptacji w innych krajach. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań pozwalają na ustalenie kierunku oddziaływań edukacyjnych i dają podstawy naukowe dla znanego powiedzenia: pieniądze szczęścia nie dają. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Korucu, Ayşe Arzu T1 - Freudyen ve Jungiyen Yaklaşımlarla Anne Olgusu [The Phenomenon of Motherhood with Freudian and Jungian Approaches] JF - Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi [Atatürk University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, Atatürk University], Vol. 23, No. 1 (2019), pp. 133-143. [Print ISSN 1304-4990] [dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/672447] N2 - İnsanlığın başlangıcından bu yana, ataerkil toplum düzeninin etkisiyle kadının geçirdiği değişim süreçleri, çağlar boyunca ona birçok olumsuz özellik atfederken, değişmeyen tek ve en kutsal özelliği annelik olmuştur. Anneliğin kutsiyeti vesaflığı, hemen her dönemde kadına ayrıcalıklı ve saygın bir konum bahşetmiştir. Anne olgusunun insan hayatında ve ruhsal alanda yarattığı etkileri, on dokuzuncu yüzyıl sonlarında Sigmund Freud’un kuruculuğunu yaptığı psikanaliz, yirminci yüzyıl başlarında ise Carl Gustav Jung’un temelini attığı analitik psikoloji derinlemesine inceler ve birbirinden farklı kuram ve bulgular ortaya koyar. Freud’un, ortaya koyduğu Oedipus ve iğdiş kompleksi kuramlarıyla anneliğe yaklaşımı o dönemde dünya çapında sansasyonel etkiler yaratır. Freud sonrası bir psikanalist olan Jacques Lacan ise, insanlaştırıcı kastrasyon (iğdiş) kuramıyla bu yaklaşımı biraz daha kabul edilebilir bir şekle sokar. Öte yandan Erich Fromm, diğer bir psikanalist, Freud’un Oedipus kompleksi kuramını, erkekteki doğurganlık kıskançlığına dair kuramıyla çürütmeye çalışır. Jung’un yaklaşımı, hepsinden farklı bir şekilde, annenin ruhsal alanda hâkim olan gizil güçleriyle ilgilidir; anne arketipinin ve anne kompleksinin insan psikolojisini ve hayatını başından sonuna nasıl derinden etkilediğini ve değiştirdiğini inceler. Çalışmamızın en önemli bulgusu ise hemen hepsinin tek bir ortak noktada buluştuğudur: anneyle kurulan sağlıklı ya da sağlıksız bir etkileşim, insanın yaşamındaki kritik süreçlerin, kişilikteki güçlü ya da zayıf yönlerin ve daha da önemlisi ruhsal alanda silinmez izler bırakan deneyimlerin temelini hazırlar. N2 - From the beginning of the history of humanity, the changing process woman has undergone with the effect of patriarchal societies attributed many negative, even pejorative, traits to her throughout the ages, while her unique constant and most sacred attribute has been motherhood. A respectable and privileged position has almost always been bestowed upon her for the holiness and purity of motherhood. The influences that the phenomenon of motherhood created in human life and psyche were anatomized by psychoanalysis founded by Sigmund Freud at the end of the 19th century and by analytical psychology founded by Carl Gustav Jung at the beginning of the 20th century; they put forward the theories and findings in this area, different from each other. Freud’s approach to motherhood with his theories of Oedipus complex and castration complex produced worldwide sensational effects at that time. Jacques Lacan, a post-Freudian psychoanalyst, shapes this approach in a bit more acceptable frame with his theory of humanizing castration. On the other hand, Erich Fromm, another 20th century psychoanalyst, tries to confute the theory of Oedipus complex with his own theory about jealousy of fertility in man. Jung’s approach, as different from all, is related to the potential power of mother dominant in psyche; he analyses how deeply mother archetype and mother complex influence and change human psychology and life from the beginning to the end. The most important finding in our study is that almost all these theories have a common point: a healthy or unhealthy relation with mother sets ground for the crucial periods, the strong or weak aspects in personality and, more importantly, the experiences leaving inerasable marks on psyche. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laskin, Alexander V T1 - Defining propaganda: A psychoanalytic perspective JF - Communication and the Public, Vol. 4, No. 4 (2019), pp. 305-314 [Online ISSN 2057-0481] [doi.org/10.1177/2057047319896488] N2 - Propaganda is a centuries-old term, and yet scholars and practitioners are still having a hard time defining it and pinpointing what makes propaganda unique. Many existing definitions fail to distinguish between propaganda and marketing, public relations, advertising, or even mass communications, in general. This essay proposes to define propaganda through psychoanalytical research pioneered by Erich Fromm on symbiotic relations. Symbiotic relations, when transferred from biology to psychology and sociology, describe a process of allowing a person to merge with something big and important, therefore creating meaning beyond an individual’s life. As a result, following its religious roots, propaganda acts similar to religion – asking for a sacrifice of individualism in the name of something bigger – god, country, society, or political party. In the end, people willingly engage in propaganda because, although sacrificing something, they receive unity with the bigger powers of other people, organizations, political parties, countries, and so on. As a result, such persons are not alone against the world; they are now a part of a bigger and stronger union. N2 - Contexte: La propagande semble nous entourer, pourtant beaucoup de gens trouveraient difficile d’en fournir une définition. Elle fait partie de ces mots faciles à utiliser, mais difficiles à définir. Les universitaires écrivent sur la propagande depuis des siècles, mais sa définition reste illusoire. Les profanes appellent simplement propagande toutes les communications avec lesquelles ils ne sont pas d’accord. La propagande devient un lavage de cerveau ou, pire encore, une guerre psychologique. Objectifs: L’article cherche à répondre à ce problème d’identification de la propagande. Méthode: L’article développe un argument théorique en faisant dialoguer l’œuvre psychologique et psychanalytique de Fromm avec le réel des sciences de la communication. Résultats: L’auteur soutient que la propagande est plus qu’un simple blasphème pour désigner des activités de communication avec lesquelles nous sommes en désaccord. En fait, cet essai suggère que la propagande peut mieux se comprendre grâce aux recherche psychanalytique de Fromm sur le sadisme et le masochisme. Fromm, à l’aide d’un concept biologique de symbiose, a expliqué le sadisme et le masochisme comme une façon de construire des relations symbiotiques, ce qui rend dans la relation un individu plus grand que ce qu’il n’est. En appliquant cette théorie à une société, l’agent de propagande et celui qui en est destinataire ne sont pas si différents d’un sadique et d’un masochiste, tous deux donnant un sens à leur vie grâce à la propagande et faisant partie de quelque chose de plus grand. Les relations symbiotiques de la propagande reposent sur la pensée de groupe et la rhétorique participative, qui visent à renforcer la cohésion du groupe et à établir une mentalité du >nous contre eux<. Conclusion: L’article conclut que les relations symbiotiques de la propagande fonctionnent par le biais de la pensée de groupe et de la rhétorique participative axées sur la cohésion du groupe et l’établissement d’une mentalité du >nous contre eux<. La propagande supprime l’individu pour se concentrer sur le plus grand nombre ; la propagande éradique les désirs de l’individu pour se concentrer sur les besoins du groupe ; et la propagande trace des frontières nettes entre le groupe et le territoire ennemi. La propagande devient une symbiose agressive visant à sa propre survie et à sa protection contre les autres. Ce travail, s’appuyant sur cette explication de la propagande par les relations symbiotiques, propose plusieurs domaines de recherche future sur la propagande afin de mieux comprendre son lien avec la psychologie et la psychanalyse. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alchamid, Ngabdul Ngazis T1 - Konsep Humanisasi pada Masyarakat Era Teknologi (Studi Komparasi Pemikiran Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo) [The Concept of Humanization in Society in the Technology Age (Comparative Study of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo's Thoughts)], Bachelor thesis, Ushuluddin Science and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya, Java, Indonesia 2019, 70 pp., Indonesian. N2 - Sejak memasuki era industri, kehidupan masyarakat sudah mulai dimudahkan oleh mesin-mesin teknologi, hingga kemudahan yang diberikan oleh teknologi membawa kemajuan pada peradaban manusia. Akan tetapi, ternyata teknologi juga membawa dampak negatif di dalam masyarakat. Menurut Erich Fromm teknologi tidak lagi hanya menjadi sarana untuk mencapai tujuan, akan tetapi sudah menjadi tujuan dari masyarakat. Sedangkan menurut Kuntowijoyo, teknologi diciptakan oleh manusia untuk membantu pekerja industri agar memperoleh hasil yang efisien, akan tetapi hal sebaliknya yang terjadi adalah pekerja mengikuti kerja dari mesin teknologi. Teknologi yang seharusnya melayani manusia, menjadi manusia yang melayani teknologi. Bagi Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo, masyarakat sedang dalam keadaan dehumanisasi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan humanisasi pada masyarakat, yang bertujuan untuk mengembalikan derajat kemanusiaan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi komparasi antara pemikiran Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo mengenai konsep humanisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menjelaskan keadaan masyarakat era teknologi dan mengumpulkan sumber data dari karya-karya Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo, serta sumber lain yang sesuai dengan tema. Dalam studi komparasi, penelitian ini menggunakan metode komparasi simetris, dengan mengurai pemikiran Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo satu persatu secara lengkap, kemudian membuat perbandingan dari pandangan kedua tokoh tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perbedaan pemikiran Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo yang terletak padalandasan berfikirnya, serta pemakaian aspek spiritual dalam mendukung konsep humanisasi. Sedangkan persamaan pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut terdapat dalam tiga aspek, yaitu humanisasi, pembebasan dan pemenuhan kebutuhan spiritual. N2 - Since entering the industrial era, people's lives have begun facilitated by technological machines, so that the convenience provided by technology has brought progress to human civilization. However, it turns out that technology also has a negative impact on society. According to Erich Fromm, technology is no longer just a means to an end, but has become the goal of society. Meanwhile, according to Kuntowijoyo, technology was created by humans to help industrial workers to obtain efficient results, but the opposite is happening, workers follow the work of technological machines. Technology that should serve humans, becomes humans serving technology. For Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo, society is in a state of dehumanization. Therefore it is necessary to humanize society, which aims to restore the degree of humanity. This research is a comparative study between the thoughts of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo regarding the concept of humanization. This study uses a qualitative method by explaining the condition of society in the technological era and collecting data sources from the works of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo, as well as other sources that are appropriate to the theme. In a comparative study, this study uses the symmetrical comparison method, by analyzing the thoughts of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo one by one in full, then making a comparison of the views of the two figures. The results of this study are the differences in the thoughts of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo which lie in foundation of thinking, as well as the use of spiritual aspects in supporting the concept of humanization. While the similarities in the thoughts of the two figures are found in three aspects, namely humanization, liberation and fulfillment of spiritual needs. [Google translator, 12/2022] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Habriielian, A. T1 - Erich Fromm's >Humanistic Radicalism<. Historical Occurrence and Political Activity JF - Science Review, Vol. 6, No 23. [ISSN 2544-9346] N2 - The purpose of this article was to study the creative heritage of Erich Fromm and the formation of >Humanistic Radicalism<. The study was aimed at defining the historical context for the theoretical formation of >Humanistic Radicalism< within the framework of Fromm's >Social Psychoanalysis< and the practical implementation of this concept in the political activities of this personality. Four periods of the introduction of the ideas of >Humanistic Radicalism< by E. Fromm through his political activities were identified. It was found out that the humanistic orientation requires the continuation both in research activities of a person and in everyday socio-cultural life in general, while maintaining dialogical relations with the world. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haggag, Ali T1 - The Frankfurt School at Egyptian Universities. Critical Observations JF - Contemporary Arab Affairs, Vol. 12, No. 4 (2019), pp. 104-120. [Online ISSN 755-0920] [doi.org/10.1525/caa.2019.12.4.104] N2 - The critical theory of the Frankfurt School reached Egypt in 1955, when the Arabic translation of Erich Fromm’s >The Sane Society< (New York, 1955) was published in Cairo. Later, Herbert Marcuse’s >Soviet Marxism< (1958) was translated into Arabic in Beirut in 1965, and with the rise of student protests in France, Germany, and the United States, much attention was given to Marcuse; almost all his writings were translated into Arabic between 1969 and 1973. This article explores the nature of individual >receptions< of the critical theory of the Frankfurt School at Egyptian universities. To this end, it briefly introduces the early generation of the Frankfurt School, as well as the reasons of interest in its fate in Egyptian universities. Though master’s theses and doctoral dissertations do not represent a university’s orientation to critical theory, and at best represent the perspective of their individual authors, this article shows that key individual theses and dissertations testify to an early rejection of the Frankfurt School and to the late adoption of it as a critical paradigm of the transformations in Egyptian society. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Habriielian, A. T1 - The Phenomenon of >Mass Consciousness< in E. Fromm's Philosophy JF - World Science, Vol. 2, No. 7(47), pp. 32-35. [ISSN 2413-1032] N2 - In this article, the author considered the concept of >Mass Consciousness< in the philosophy of Erich Fromm. The phenomenon of >Mass Consciousness< was studied from the standpoint of E. Fromm’s «Humanistic Radicalism», and was analyzed in comparison with classical Freudian psychoanalysis and other prominent thinkers of the twentieth century. It was found that according to Erich Fromm's social psychoanalysis, aggression is the result of social exclusion, mass consciousness, and conformism. The prevention of these phenomena can only be realized by a healthy humanistic society, in which faith, hope, love, understanding, sanity, mutual respect, empathy that cannot be explained by human instincts. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gordon, Michael A. T1 - Aikido as Transformative and Embodied Pedagogy. Teacher as Healer T2 - Aikido as Transformative and Embodied Pedagogy. Teacher as Healer, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2019, 218 pp. [eBook ISBN 978-3-030-23953-4] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23953-4] N2 - Drawing on the author’s lifelong practice in the non-competitive and defensive Japanese art of Aikido, this book examines education as self-cultivation, from a Japanese philosophy (e.g. Buddhist) perspective. Contemplative practices, such as secular mindfulness meditation, are being increasingly integrated into pedagogical settings to enhance social and emotional learning and well-being and to address stress-induced overwhelm due to increased pressures on the education system and its constituents. The chapters in this book explore the various ways, through the lens of this non-violent relational art of Aikido, that pedagogy is always something being practiced (on the level of psychological, somatic and emotional registers) and thus holding potential for transformation into being more relational, ecological-minded, and reflecting more ‘embodied attunement.’ Positioning education as a practice, one of self-discovery, the author argues that one can approach personal development as engaging in a spiritual process of integrating mind and body towards full presence of being and existence. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gordon, Michael A. T1 - Introduction: Practice as Transformative Wholeness JF - Aikido as Transformative and Embodied Pedagogy. Teacher as Healer, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2019, pp. 3-56. [eBook ISBN 978-3-030-23953-4] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23953-4] N2 - In this chapter, the author introduces his autobiographical near-death experience of a motorcycle accident as the basis for examining his life and the self-study that forms this book, within a gestalt or whole. Touching on the figure-ground-contact approach of Gestalt Therapy, the author puts this self-study within the context of a lifetime of involvement in the Japanese art of Ki Aikido. In Aikido, one learns to coordinate their mind, body, and life energy (Japanese: ki) to better attune and move in synchronization with the world around them. The ethos of Aikido reflects the broader virtue ethics of traditional Japanese arts – >do<, >michi<, or >way< – and how this approach to education aims for spiritual self-cultivation in daily life, rather than mere acquisition of technical or intellectual knowledge. Through Aikido, Japanese calligraphy or shodo (which the author took up as a comparative/adjunct >way< for his study), and beyond into increased skillful awareness in motorcycling and educational praxis, this chapter draws on Yasuo Yuasa’s theory of ki as ‘teleological intentionality.’ By taking a ‘path’ approach to learning through this >ki awareness< one thus develops and enhances their embodied presence into what Yuasa calls >transpersonal synchronization.< Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gordon, Michael A. T1 - Conclusion: A Holistic Relational Paradigm JF - Aikido as Transformative and Embodied Pedagogy. Teacher as Healer, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2019, pp. 163-168. [eBook ISBN 978-3-030-23953-4] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23953-4_6] N2 - In the conclusion entitled >A Holistic Relational Paradigm,< the author draws on key themes in the manuscript: attachment, healing, psychosocial development, and an altruistic approach to fostering prosocial behavior. Epstein’s (2014) work relates the early trauma of the Buddha’s loss of his mother after childbirth to his resultant view of ‘suffering.’ Epstein explores how this attachment >wound< is mirrored in the Buddhist view that we suffer as the result of not knowing how to integrate the reality of ‘impermanence.’ The author continues to generalize this universal or psycho-spiritual view (as opposed to one based on our ‘personal’ pathology or ‘narrative’) through the core training principles of Ki Aikido, like the Buddha’s Four Noble Truths, as ways of laying out a more liberatory path in daily life. Drawing on the work of Erich Fromm, he further expands on the notion of love, specifically as an approach that fosters applied skillfulness in relationships as an antidote to narcissism. Expanding further, he draws on Matthieu Ricard’s (2015) work on altruism, based in research on its roots in prosocial behavior rather than as moral idealism or superiority. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Domjanovic, Luka T1 - Fromm’s Notion of Spontaneity as a Solution to Foucault’s Problem of Freedom [Frommov pojam spontanosti kao rješenje problema slobode kod Foucaulta] [Fromms Begriff der Spontaneität als Lösung für Foucaults Problem der Freiheit] [La Notion de spontanéité de Fromm comme solution au problème de liberté de Foucault] JF - Synthesis Philosophica, Vol. 67, No. 1 (2019), pp. 125-139. [Online ISSN 1848-2317] [doi.org/10.21464/sp34109] N2 - In this paper, I attempt to apply Fromm’s notion of spontaneity to Foucault’s system of repression. It tends to shed new light on Foucault’s problem of freedom, using the notion which Foucault largely underestimates. Difficulties of such an application arise because of differences in Fromm’s and Foucault’s starting points in analysing the causes of human submission throughout history. Nonetheless, there is a point of convergence: Foucault and Fromm both describe a type of individual’s escape towards the institutions of power. Whether these institutions are highly formalised or not, highly complex or rather simple, dispersed or centralised, they designate repression on account of their lack of spontaneity. N2 - U radu pokušavam primijeniti Frommov pojam spontanosti na Foucaultovu teoriju sustava represije. Ovom analogijom pokušava se iznova sagledati Foucaultov problem slobode, pomoću pojma koji Foucault uglavnom zanemaruje. Osnovna je teškoća takvog pristupa u različitim polazištima dvojice autora pri analizi uzroka ljudske podčinjenosti kroz povijest. Unatoč tome, članak će pokazati da je moguće pronaći točku konvergencije između Fromma i Foucaulta: oba autora opisuju svojevrsni bijeg pojedinca prema institucijama moći. Bilo da su te institucije formaliziranije ili rudimentarnije, raspršene ili centralizirane, zajednička im je osnova represija utemeljena na izbjegavanju bilo kakve spontanosti. N2 - In diesem Artikel versuche ich, Fromms Begriff der Spontaneität auf Foucaults Unterdrückungssystem anzuwenden. Er neigt, ein neues Licht auf das Problem der Freiheit bei Foucault zu werfen, indem er den Begriff verwendet, den Foucault weitgehend vernachlässigt. Schwierigkeiten bei einer solchen Anwendung ergeben sich aus dem Unterschied zwischen Fromms und Foucaults Ausgangspunkten bei der Analyse der Ursachen für menschliche Unterwerfung im Laufe der Geschichte. Nichtsdestotrotz haben die Autoren einen Punkt der Konvergenz: Sowohl Foucault als auch Fromm beschreiben eine Art der Flucht des Individuums zu den Institutionen der Macht. Unabhängig davon, ob diese Institutionen hoch formalisiert oder nicht, hochkomplex oder eher einfach, verstreut oder zentralisiert sind, stehen sie für Unterdrückung infolge mangelnder Spontaneität. N2 - Dans cet article, je tente d’appliquer la notion de spontanéité de Fromm au système répressif de Foucault. Par cette analogie, nous cherchons à éclairer de nouveau le problème de la liberté chez Foucault, en utilisant la notion que Foucault sous-estime largement. Les difficultés d’une telle application sont dues à la différence des points de départ de Fromm et de Foucault dans l’analyse des causes de la soumission humaine à travers l’histoire. Néanmoins, les deux auteurs ont un point de convergence : Foucault et Fromm décrivent tous deux un type de fuite de l’individu vers les institutions du pouvoir. Que ces institutions soient hautement formalisées ou non, très complexes ou plutôt simples, dispersées ou centralisées, elles désignent la répression en raison de leur manque de spontanéité. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferreira de Sousa, Josivanio T1 - A vivência da Fé nos modos Ser e Ter segundo Erich Fromm [The Experience of Faith in the Modes of Being and Having according to Erich Fromm] JF - Semana Nacional de Teologia, Filosofia e Estudos de Religião e Colóquio Filosófico, Vol. 1 (2019), pp. 82-88. [Online ISSN 2763-7433] [doity.com.br/anais/semana-nacional-teo-filos-e-cr-simp-filos/trabalho/126709] N2 - Este trabalho busca apresentar um dos aspectos do modo de existência baseado no Ter e no Ser segundo o filósofo alemão Erich Fromm, dando luz ao sentido religioso da fé. Partindo da leitura do livro “Ter ou Ser” do citado autor, será apresentado alguns argumentos que afirma o por quê deve-se aproximar-se do modo Ser e se afasta do modo Ter. É importante enaltecer que diante a sociedade consumista atual, as pessoas estão bem mais próxima do modo Ter, sendo que muitas pessoas pensam ser o único modo de vida possível. Diante disso, elas vão transformando o que deveria ser experiências em algo que possa ser possuído como concreto. Isso acontece nos mais variados aspectos da vida humana, como por exemplo, no amor, na aprendizagem, no conhecer. Na fé não é diferente. Fromm faz a análise da fé nesses dois modos e dar ênfase no modo Ser, como uma alternativa melhor do que o modo Ter e sugere que possamos mudar a atitude em busca do Ser. Em verdade, existe uma grande dificuldade para acontecer esse movimento. Mas, o objetivo desse trabalho se detém apenas em mostrar a diferença dos modos Ter e Ser na questão da fé e mostrar a importância de tentar vivenciar a fé no modo Ser. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Endler, Johannes T1 - Alternative Spiritualität zwischen Nabelschau und sozialem Engagement [Alternative spirituality between navel-gazing and social commitment] JF - Spiritual Care (De Gruyter, Berlin), Vol. 8, No. 2 (2019), pp. 155-165. [Online ISSN 2365-8185] [doi.org/10.1515/spircare-2018-0054] N2 - Einer verbreiteten These folgend wird von alternativ-spirituellen Akteuren keine Änderung der gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse angestrebt, wesentlich sei hingegen die Arbeit an der eigenen Identität im Dienst der >Selbstverwirklichung< (vgl. Lasch 1980, List 1988, Bellah et al. 1996). Die Verantwortung für Probleme und deren Lösungen würden dem Einzelnen aufgebürdet und die komplexen Zusammenhänge von (scheinbarer) Selbstbestimmung und internalisierten gesellschaftlichen Ansprüchen blieben verdeckt. Das heutige spirituelle Feld sei marktförmig strukturiert und statt gemeinschaftlicher Beziehungsformen würden flüchtige Begegnungen zwischen unabhängigen Transaktionspartnern vorherrschen (vgl. Hero 2010). Die Individualisierungsthese (vgl. Beck 1986, Beck & Beck-Gernsheim 2002) bildet den theoretischen Bezugsrahmen für diese oftmals als Kritik vorgebrachten Annahmen. Anhand der für die alternative Spiritualität wichtigen Ansätze von Erich Fromm und Marylin Ferguson werden die beschriebenen Ansichten in der vorliegenden Arbeit relativiert. Inwiefern die in den exemplarischen Selbstzeugnissen formulierten Ansprüche tatsächlich eingelöst wurden und auch für das heutige alternativ-spirituelle Milieu handlungsleitend sind, kann Gegenstand weiterführender Forschungen sein. N2 - Following a widespread assumption, alternative-spiritual proponents do not strive for social change, instead >self-realization< through working on one’s identity is essential (cf. Lasch 1980, List 1988, Bellah et al. 1996). Problems and their solutions would be seen as each individual’s own responsibility and complex relations between (apparent) self-determination and internalized social requirements stay concealed. The contemporary spiritual field would be structured on a market basis and contacts between independent partners prevail rather than collaborative relations (cf. Hero 2010). The thesis of individualization (cf. Beck 1986, Beck & Beck-Gernsheim 2002) serves as a theoretical framework for these (critical) assumptions. The view mentioned is put into perspective on the basis of Erich Fromm’s and Marylin Ferguson’s approaches considering both as important figures in the field of alternative spirituality. Further research can aim to clarify whether their pretensions are actually met by the alternative-spiritual milieu of their time and today. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuchs, Christian T1 - M. N. Roy and the Frankfurt School: Socialist Humanism and the Critical Analysis of Communication, Culture, Technology, Fascism and Nationalism JF - TripleC, Vol. 17, No. 2 (2019), pp. 249-286. [ISSN 1726-670X] [doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v17i2.1118] N2 - Manabendra Nath Roy (1887-1954) was the founder of the Communist Parties of Mexico and India and a socialist-humanist philosopher. In the Western world, his works are today widely ignored and forgotten. This article introduces some philosophical aspects of Roy’s thought. It engages with foundations of his theory and shows its relevance for the study of communication, culture, technology, the human being, fascism, and nationalism. Frankfurt School thinkers such as Theodor W. Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Herbert Marcuse, and Erich Fromm were interested in similar topics to Roy. This article also compares the approach of Roy and the Frankfurt School. It shows parallels between Roy and the first generation of the Frankfurt School with respect to themes such as the dialectic of technology and society, the dialectic of the Enlightenment, fascism, nationalism, and authoritarianism. In the age of new nationalisms and authoritarian capitalism, global environmental crises, capitalist crisis, and the digital crisis, socialist-humanist theories such as M. N. Roy’s can inspire struggles for a humanist and socialist society as antidotes to the acceleration and deepening of the three crises. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Joubert Lopera, Daniel T1 - Libertad: principio frommiano para la toma de decisiones y el establecimiento de interrelaciones, Undergraduate degree in psychology as a partial requirement to qualify for the title of Psychologist, Psychology, EAFIT University, Medellín, Colombia 2019., 24 pp. [repository.eafit.edu.co/server/api/core/bitstreams/a66709bf-b62e-4f88-a239-bdcb8b98fd0b/content] N2 - El objetivo de este texto es reflexionar en torno a la relación de la libertad, con la toma de decisiones y su potencial para las interrelaciones, desde la perspectiva de Erich Fromm, mostrando posibles implicaciones prácticas. El método utilizado fue la hermenéutica la cual es el arte de comprender y/o interpretar discursos para realizar un estudio monográfico sobre los conceptos señalados. Como principales hallazgos se destaca la paradoja entre libertad y toma de decisiones, los distintos sentidos en que puede ser entendido y experimentado el proceso de la libertad, y la interrelación que se puede generar entre los tres conceptos mencionados. Finalmente, las conclusiones que son de tipo teóricas, metodológicas y prácticas. N2 - The objective of this text is to reflect on the relationship of freedom, with the decision making and its potential for interrelations, from the perspective of Erich Fromm, showing possible practical implications. The method used was hermeneutics, which is the art of understanding and / or interpreting discourses in order to carry out a monographic study on the concepts mentioned. The main findings are the paradox between freedom and decision making, the different senses in which the process of freedom and the interrelation that can be generated between the three concepts mentioned can be understood and experienced. Finally, the conclusions that are theoretical, methodological and practical. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jourshari, Abbas Naeemi A1 - Haghighat, Seyedeh Sedigheh T1 - An assessment of the concept of alienation in Marxist theories [Una evaluación del concepto de alienación en las teorías marxistas] [Uma avaliação do conceito de alienação nas teorias marxistas] JF - Revista Amazonia Investiga, Vol. 8, No. 18 (2019), pp. 471-482. [Online ISSN 2322–6307] [amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/360/336] N2 - Alienation is one of the important concepts of social science which has been most studied in Marxism idealogy. The main purpose of the present paper is to review the opinion of Marxist sociologists on alienation. This paper has been compiled to answer the following question: What is self-alienation and what is the Marxists’ view about this complex concept? Regarding this matter, while reviewing the history of Alienation and its conceptual dimensions, theories of Karl Marx, George Lukács, Antonio Gramsci, Erich Fromm, and Juergen Habermas is examined. The research method used in this research is a descriptive and data collection method is librarian. The findings chart is plotted at the end of the paper. N2 - La alienación es uno de los conceptos importantes de la ciencia social que ha sido más estudiado en la idealología del marxismo. El objetivo principal del presente artículo es revisar la opinión de los sociólogos marxistas sobre la alienación. Este artículo se ha compilado para responder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Qué es la autoalienación y cuál es la opinión de los marxistas sobre este concepto complejo? Con respecto a este asunto, al revisar la historia de la Alienación y sus dimensiones conceptuales, se examinan las teorías de Karl Marx, George Lukács, Antonio Gramsci, Erich Fromm y Juergen Habermas. El método de investigación utilizado en esta investigación es descriptivo y el método de recopilación de datos es bibliotecario. La tabla de hallazgos se representa al final del documento. N2 - A alienação é um dos conceitos importantes da ciência social que tem sido mais estudada na idealogia do marxismo. O objetivo principal do presente artigo é revisar a opinião dos sociólogos marxistas sobre a alienação. Este artigo foi compilado para responder à seguinte pergunta: o que é a auto-alienação e qual é a visão dos marxistas sobre esse conceito complexo? Com relação a esse assunto, ao revisar a história da alienação e suas dimensões conceituais, as teorias de Karl Marx, George Lukács, Antonio Gramsci, Erich Fromm e Jurgen Habermas são examinadas. O mIétodo de pesquisa utilizado nesta pesquisa é descritivo e o método de coleta de dados é bibliotecário. O gráfico de resultados é plotado no final do artigo. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kim, Sun Ah T1 - 정신분석학적 >욕망의 주체< 이해에 기초한 사랑의 교육 연구 [A Study on the Education for Love Based on the Understanding of Psychoanalytic >Subject of Desire<] JF - 기독교교육 논총 [Journal of the Korean Society of Christian Education (KSCRE)], No. 59 (2019), pp. 335-368. N2 - 본 연구는 다음과 같은 필요성에 의해 시도되었다: 첫째로, 우리의 미래세대가 4차 산업의 혁명과 함께 도래하는 >초기술사회<에서 자신의 진짜 삶을 잃어버리지 않고 가정과 학교, 교회 공동체와 사회에서 자발적이고 창의적인 삶을 살아가도록 길인도하기 위한 교육이 필요하다. 둘째로, 그러한 교육은 인간을 >욕망의 주체<로 이해함과 동시에 >사랑의 소통<을 통해 자발적이고 창의적인 삶을 살아가는 >사랑의 존재<로서 이해하는 것이어야 한다. 셋째로, 이러한 인간이해를 바탕으로 한 전인교육적인 사랑의 교육의 방향 및 과제가 구체적으로 제시되어 우리의 미래세대가 진정한 사랑을 욕망하는 주체로서 진짜 삶을 살아가도록 도울 필요가 있다. 우리의 미래세대가 진정한 사랑을 욕망하는 >주체>이자<사랑의 존재>로서 살아가도록 길인도 하기 위해 정신분석학적 >욕망의 주체< 이해에 기초한 사랑의 교육을 연구한 본고의 특징은 다음과 같다: 첫째로, 기독교 신앙을 무의식적 욕망과 관련하여 재해석한 돌토의 정신분석학적 관점을 학문적 논의의 자원으로 활용하였다. 둘째로, 소쉬르로 대표되는 구조주의 언어학에서 주장하는 >기의의 우위성<을 전복하고 >기표의 우위성<을 제기한 라캉과 돌토의 정신분석학적 업적을 토대로, >주체의 인간화<로 인도하는 >기표<인 >사랑의 말<의 중요성을 제시하였다. 셋째로, 진정한 사랑을 욕망하는 인간, Homo Desiderans를 제시함으로써 인간이해의 지평을 융복합적으로 확장하였다. 즉 무의식의 >욕망의 주체<로서 사랑을 >욕망하는 삶<을 살아가는 인간존재이자 예수 그리스도 안에서 진정한 >사랑의 능력<을 키워나가는 인간존재인 정신분석학적 · 기독교적 Homo Desiderans를 제시하였다. 넷째로, 우리의 미래세대를 위한 사랑의 교육은 주체가 타자를 향한 사랑의 욕망을 따라 다른 사람들과 더불어 사랑을 나누며 살아갈 수 있도록 길인도 하는 전인격적 교육이어야 한다. 사랑의 교육의 전인격적인 가치를 탐구하기 위해 본 연구에서는 프롬의 사회심리학적 통찰과 돌토의 정신분석학적 통찰을 활용하였다. 다섯째로, 이러한 탐구에 기초한 사랑의 교육의 방향 및 과제를 세 가지로 제시하였다. >주체의 인간화<를 위한 사랑의 교육, >아가페적 사랑을 욕망하는< 사랑의 교육, 그리고 >치유(용서)와 모험(신앙)<을 위한 사랑의 교육이 신앙공동체 안에서 먼저 실천될 때 우리의 미래세대는 아가페적 사랑의 불꽃을 삶의 모든 영역에서 밝히는 첫걸음을 옮기게 될 것이다. N2 - This study was carried out in an attempt to address the following needs. First, we need a psychoanalytic approach to understanding humans as >subject of desire< to help future generations live as >subjects of desire< in their homes, schools, church communities, and society. Second, with this human understanding, we need to understand humans as >loving beings<, living spontaneous and creative lives through the >communication of love<. Third, there is a need to approach the problem of love from the perspective of psychoanalysis and social psychology in order to establish the healing and holistic educational value of the education for love. This paper studied the education of love based on the understanding of a psychoanalytical >subject of desire<, so that future generations can live as human beings who desire true love. First, Dolto’s psychoanalytic view of reinterpreting Christian beliefs in relation to unconscious desire was used as a resource for academic discussion in this paper. Second, based on the achievements in the field of psychoanalysis of Lacan and Dolto, who overthrew the >superiority of the signified< claimed in the structuralist linguistics, as represented by Ferdinand de Saussure, this study presented >the superiority of the signifier< in the symbolic leading to >humanization of the subject<. Thirdly, a new interdisciplinary perspective in understanding human beings was presented. In other words, the understanding of humans in terms of Christian education was expanded by presenting a new concept of the human, Homo Desiderans, for the sake of Christian education for future generations. Fourth, Homo Desiderans was presented as a human being who wants to live a >life of desire for love<, as the subject of unconsciousness and as a person who needs to develop the ability of love in his life. Fifth, based on this understanding of human beings, it was suggested that Christian education for future generations should be an education of love that helps the subject live a life that is harmonious with others, along with the desire for love for others. As its specific direction and task, they study proposed an education of love for the >humanization of subjects<, an education of love for the >desire for true love<, and an education of love for >healing (forgiveness)< and >adventure (faith)<. Ultimately, an education for love based on an understanding of the psychoanalytical >subject of desire< can help future generations to live as >subjects of desire for love< toward others within the community of love, especially, within the faith community of love. To this end, in-depth discussions on education for love should be promoted based on an understanding of a psychoanalytical >subject of desire<, and related follow-up studies must also be continued. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jimenez, Luis T1 - The psychosocial significance of social character, habitus and structures of feeling in research on neoliberal post-industrial work JF - Journal of Psychosocial Studies, Vol. 12, No. 3 (2019), pp. 259-276. [Online ISSN 1478-6737] [doi.org/10.1332/204378919X15674407132232] N2 - This article highlights the psychosocial relevance of Erich Fromm’s concepts of >social character< and >social change< to broaden our understanding of the intergenerational traumatic legacy of neoliberalism. As part of this, it also reflects on the psychosocial significance of other related concepts – namely Pierre Bourdieu’s >habitus< and Raymond Williams’ >structures of feeling< – as ways to also acknowledge their significance when related to each other in emerging research on the neoliberal effects of changes in work and identities. This includes secondary analysis of my own earlier research on the psychosocial ramifications of the loss of stable work, changing worker-gendered identities, disrupted affect, community engagement and historical memory within a global context of insecure labour. This is all understood within a theoretical frame that stresses the emerging neoliberal forms of social character in the aftermath of the massive redundancies and unemployment experienced recently in post-industrial working-class communities in the UK. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bagus Guntur, Farisa T1 - Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Manusia dalam Fenomena Kabe-Don: Sebuah Kajian Psikoanalisis Humanistik Erich Fromm [Meeting Human Needs in the >Kabe-Don< Phenomenon: A Study Using Erich Fromm's Humanistic Psychoanalysis], Thesis (undergraduate), Japanese Literature, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2019. - Only abstract and contents available. N2 - Kabe-don adalah sebuah adegan romantis yang banyak ditemui di manga, anime, dorama, maupun film Jepang dengan genre romantis. Adegan romantis tersebut ditunjukkan dengan pihak laki-laki memukulkan tangannya ke tembok sembari mengapit pihak perempuan di antara tubuh pihak laki-laki dan tembok. Fenomena kabe-don muncul dengan banyaknya perempuan Jepang yang ingin di-kabe-don, yaitu menjadi objek dari tindakan kabe-don. Idaman akan tindakan kabe-don tersebut merupakan keinginan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan-kebutuhan khusus yang hanya dimiliki oleh manusia yang oleh Erich Fromm disebut dengan kebutuhan manusia. Kebutuhan manusia terdiri dari kebutuhan akan >keterhubungan<, >keunggulan<, >keberakaran>, >kepekaan akan identitas<, dan >kerangka orientasi< yang dapat dipenuhi dengan dua cara, yaitu secara produktif dan secara nonproduktif. Pemenuhan kebutuhan secara produktif dilakukan dengan cinta, kreasi, pendewasaan, individualisasi, dan rasionalitas. Di sisi lain, pemenuhan kebutuhan secara nonproduktif dilakukan dengan narsisisme, destruksi, fiksasi, konformitas, dan irasionalitas. Selain itu, idaman perempuan Jepang akan kabe-don juga tidak lepas dari faktor kultural di mana perempuan tersebut berada. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini perlu dicari faktor kultural apa yang ada di balik idaman perempuan akan tindakan kabe-don menggunakan analisis tema budaya James Spradley. Tema budaya ditemukan dengan mencari benang merah dari adegan-adegan romantis yang ada. Setelah tema budayanya diketahui, dilakukan analisis menggunakan konsep-konsep kebutuhan manusia dalam teori psikoanalisis humanistik Erich Fromm dengan merelasikannya dengan tema budaya tersebut. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode netnografi, yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data-data yang relevan dari media-media daring dalam bentuk pengakuan, hasil survei maupun pemberitaan. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis tema budaya dan psikoanalisis humanistik Erich Fromm. Dari hasil analisis, ditemukan bahwa amae merupakan tema budaya dari idaman perempuan Jepang akan tindakan kabe-don, dan idaman tersebut memungkinkan untuk menjadi pemenuhan kebutuhan manusia, baik secara produktif maupun secara nonproduktif. N2 - Kabe-don is a romantic scene mostly shown in romantic anime, manga, drama, or film. This romantic scene is performed with a man slams a wall with his hand while pinning a woman between his body and the wall. A lot of women yearn to be kabe-don-ed, they yearn to be the object of kabe-don so much, that it became such a phenomenon. Those yearnings for kabe-don are yearning for human needs, needs that are particular for human according to Erich Fromm. Human needs consist of the need of >relatedness<, >transcendence<, >rootedness<, >sense of identity<, and >frame of orientation<. Those human needs can be fulfilled in two ways, productively and nonproductively. The fulfillment of human needs can be accomplished productively with love, creation, maturity, individualization, and rationality. Meanwhile, the fulfillment of human needs can also be accomplished with narcissism, destruction, fixation, conformity, and irrationality. Nevertheless, Japanese women's yearnings of kabe-don is bound to the cultural factor of the society where those women live. Therefore, the cultural factor of the yearning of kabe-don must be identified using James Spradley's cultural theme analysis beforehand. The cultural theme can be found by identifying the common value shared among the romantic scenes. After the cultural theme is identified, the yearning of kabe-don and the identified cultural theme will be analysed using Erich Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis concept of human needs. Data collection will be done using netnography method by collecting data such as personal statements, surveys, or press releases from online media and sources. Collected data will be analysed using cultural theme analysis and Erich Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis. Based on the results of the analyses, amae is identified to be the cultural theme of the Japanese women's yearnings of kabe-don, and those yearnings can become the fulfillment of human needs, either productively or nonproductively. Y1 - 2019 ER -