TY - GEN A1 - Yao, Xuemei T1 - Research on the Improvement of Rural Teachers’ Survival Circumstance in Absolute Poverty-stricken Areas [深度贫困地区乡村教师生存境遇改善研究], Principles of Education, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing, China 2019. N2 - 2018年教育部联合国务院扶贫办印发了《深度贫困地区教育脱贫攻坚实施方案(2018-2020年)》(以下简称>方案<),方案进一步聚焦深度贫困地区的教育扶贫,力图用三年时间确保深度贫困地区如期完成>发展教育脱贫一批<任务。其中明确提出要加强乡村教师队伍建设,特别强调了>三区三州<乡村教师生活补助政策的落实,达到稳定和吸引优秀人才长期在乡村学校任教目的。尽管国家大力保障贫困地区乡村教师生存,但深度贫困地区的乡村教师在物质需要、精神需要及职业需要等生存境遇方面仍存在亟需解决的问题。本研究基于深度贫困地区乡村教师生存境遇的问题,选取了云南省怒江傈僳族自治州(以下简称>怒江州<)的贫困且是多民族聚居的F县为调研点。乡村教师对乡村教育的发展起着重要作用,云南省怒江州乡村教师生存境遇直接关系该州乡村教育的稳步发展。本文对怒江州F县乡村教师进行观察与深度访谈,借鉴弗洛姆对人的生存境遇的理论探讨,根据弗洛姆对人的生存需要分类,从调研实际出发,归纳概括为物质需要、精神需要、职业需要三方面以分析乡村教师生存需要。具体内容包括工资福利、住房交通、婚姻与工作、身体健康、工作压力、职业成就感、社会地位等七维度。在访谈与观察中发现,乡村教师在生存需要上依然存在问题亟待解决,且生存矛盾逐渐凸显。首先,深度贫困地区乡村教师的物质条件还比较差;其次,深度贫困地区乡村教师精神需要尚未满足;第三,深度贫困地区乡村教师职业选择自由缺失。此外,生存需要不满足导致了深度贫困地区乡村教师的生存矛盾问题凸显:工资待遇与当地公务员存在较大差距、福利津贴仍待进一步改善、身心健康尚未得到足够关注;在工作、社会地位、自我提升方面,当地的教师编制仍沿用旧时编制造成乡村教师工作负担重,且职称评聘尚未充分提升教师积极性,乡村教师社会地位较低等现象。以及工作时间长、工作负担重,教学压力大等问题依旧存在。另外,部分乡村教师存在职业成就感较低、自我意识比较弱、自我认同感不足等问题。弗洛姆认为要满足人的生存需要及解决人的生存困境,需要从人在生物学上的弱点、人>历史的二歧<和人>生存的二歧<三方面分析,回归到社会、经济、文化三者对人生存境遇的影响进行阐释。因此,本研究通过对怒江州地理环境的观察,傈僳族作为主体民族的民族历史文化追溯,怒江州乡村教师自我意识的探究,分析影响深度贫困地区乡村教师生存境遇的因素:第一,作为深度贫困地区的怒江州,其恶劣的自然地理环境、缓慢发展的经济环境影响乡村教师物质需要包括生存条件、工资福利等的满足;第二,多民族聚居地的民族文化环境影响乡村教师精神需要的获得;第三,长期处于封闭环境导致怒江州乡村教师自我意识弱,自我更新、自我提升等认识不够。以上诸多原因共同影响了乡村教师的生存境遇。基于以上对怒江州乡村教师生存境遇存在问题与影响因素的分析,本文提出改善深度贫困地区乡村教师生存境遇的措施:首先,加强政策倾斜。从政策、制度层面提供保障,保障乡村教师应有权益。其次,促进深度贫困地区文化建设。建设乡村文化、吸纳民族优秀传统文化,丰富乡村教师的工作与生活。第三,给予经济支持。努力缩小乡村教师与当地公务员的工资差距,并适当增加乡村教师福利。此外,给予深度贫困地区乡村教师爱的关注,积极促进乡村教师建立与他人、与外部环境联系,以提升乡村教师自我意识。最后,深度贫困地区的乡村学校在管理中应加强对教师的人文关怀。 N2 - In 2018, the Ministry of Education and the State Council Office of Poverty Alleviation issued the >Implementation Plan for Poverty Alleviation in Poverty-stricken Areas (2018-2020)< (hereinafter referred to as the >Program<). The program further focused on education poverty alleviation in deep poverty areas, and tried to ensure it in three years. Deep poverty-stricken areas completed the task of developing education to get rid of poverty as scheduled. Among them, it is clearly proposed to strengthen the construction of rural teachers, especially the implementation of the >three districts and three states< rural teachers’ living subsidy policy, to achieve stability and attract outstanding talents to teach in rural schools for a long time. There are some problems that need to be solved in terms of material needs, spiritual needs and occupational needs, although the government has implemented measures to protect the rural teachers in poverty-stricken areas. Based on the problem of rural teachers’ survival situation in deep poverty-stricken areas, this paper selects F County of Yunnan Nujiang Yi Autonomous Prefecture (hereinafter referred to as Nujiang State) as the research point, and F County is a typical poverty-stricken county and multi-ethnic county. Rural teachers play an important role in the development of rural education. The survival situation of rural teachers in Nujiang Prefecture of Yunnan Province is directly related to the steady development of rural education in the state. This paper conducts observations and in-depth interviews with rural teachers in F County of Nujiang Prefecture, draws on Fromm’s theoretical discussion on the living conditions of human beings, and classifies according to Fromm’s survival needs. From the actual research, it is summarized as material needs and spirit. Needs and occupations need three aspects to analyze the survival needs of rural teachers. The specific content includes wages and benefits, housing transportation, marriage and work, physical health, work stress, professional achievement, and social status. In interviews and observations, it is found that rural teachers still have problems in their survival needs, and the contradiction of survival has gradually become prominent. First of all, the material conditions of rural teachers in deep poverty areas are still relatively poor. Secondly, the spiritual needs of rural teachers in deep poverty areas have not been met. Third, the lack of free choice of rural teachers in deep poverty areas. In addition, the survival needs are not satisfied, which leads to the contradiction of the survival of rural teachers in deep poverty areas: the wages and salaries are far from the local civil servants, the welfare allowances are still to be further improved, and the physical and mental health has not received enough attention; at work, social status, self in terms of promotion, the local teacher establishment still uses the old time to compile the burden of rural teachers, and the title evaluation has not fully improved the enthusiasm of teachers, and the rural teachers have lower social status. Problems such as long working hours, heavy workload, and high teaching pressure still exist. In addition, some rural teachers have problems such as low professional achievement, weak self-awareness, and insufficient self-identity. Fromm believes that in order to meet people’s survival needs and solve people’s survival dilemma, it is necessary to analyze from the biological weaknesses, the >history of the two differences< and the >two differences< of human existence, returning to society, the economic and cultural aspects explain the impact of people’s living conditions. Therefore, this study traces the geographical environment of Nujiang Prefecture, traces the national history and culture of the Yi nationality as a main ethnic group, explores the self-awareness of rural teachers in Nujiang Prefecture, and analyzes the factors affecting the living conditions of rural teachers in deep poverty areas: as a deep poverty-stricken area Nujiang Prefecture, its poor natural geographical environment affects the material needs of rural teachers, including the living conditions, the satisfaction of wages and welfare; the national cultural environment of multi-ethnic settlements affect the spiritual needs of rural teachers; the long-term closed environment leads to the self-awareness of rural teachers in Nujiang Prefecture weak, lacking of self-awareness and many other reasons which have affected the living conditions of rural teachers. Based on the above-mentioned many problems in the survival situation of rural teachers in Nujiang Prefecture, this paper proposes measures to improve the living conditions of rural teachers in deep poverty areas: first, strengthen policy inclination to provide protection from the policy and institutional levels to ensure that rural teachers’ rights and interests. Second, promote cultural construction in areas of deep poverty. We will build rural culture, absorb the fine traditional culture of the nation, and enrich the work and life of rural teachers. Third, give financial support. To strive to narrow the wage gap between rural teachers and local civil servants, and appropriately increase the welfare of rural teachers. Finally, pay attention to the love of rural teachers in deep poverty areas, actively promotes the establishment of rural teachers’ relationship with others, and strengthens the humanistic care for rural teachers in school management. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kruczek, Agnieszka A1 - Janicka, Martyna T1 - Being or Having? – Young Adults Life Orientations and Their Satisfaction with Life [Mieć czy być? – orientacje życiowe młodych dorosłych a ich satysfakcja z życia] JF - Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology [Pschiatria I Psychologie Klinicze], Vol. 19, No. 2 (2019), pp. 158–164. [DOI: 10.15557/PiPK.2019.0016] N2 - Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to examine if life orientations of young adults (>being< or >having<) differentiate respondents with respect to the degree of life satisfaction. Material and methods: A total of 187 persons (143 woman and 44 man) aged 18 to 29 years were included in the study. The following methods were used in the study: sociodemographic questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale by E. Diener, R.A. Emmons, R.J. Larson, S. Griffin and the Being and Having Orientations Scale of B. Grulkowski. Results: A life orientation is a kind of behaviour regulator, that set the direction of human activity. There is a distinction between a >being< orientation (which refers to spiritual values) and a >having< orientation (which refers to possessing material things) that are manifested in a variety of experiences, and is related to human thinking, feeling, and acting. Therefore, a life orientation may play a really important role in the satisfaction with life. Most of the respondents were characterised by a mixed orientation (>being-having<) and an average level of satisfaction with life. There is no significant difference in the level of satisfaction with life according to gender and the subject of studies. It was shown that people with the >being< orientation have greater satisfaction with life than people with the >having< orientation. The obtained results, which show no differences in satisfaction with life according to gender, are consistent with the earlier studies. And so is the result that people with the dominant of the >being< orientation have greater satisfaction with life, than those with the >having< orientation. Conclusions: Only few papers about >being< and >having< orientations have been published so far since the method used in the study occurs only in the Polish language and there is no data about its adaptations in different countries. Results of conducted research set the direction of educational impact and give the scientific basis for a well-known saying: money can’t buy happiness. N2 - Cel: Zasadniczym celem prezentowanych badań było sprawdzenie, czy orientacje życiowe młodych dorosłych (>być< czy >mieć<) różnicują badanych pod względem nasilenia satysfakcji z życia. Materiał i metoda: Łącznie zbadano 187 osób (143 kobiety i 44 mężczyzn) w wieku od 18 do 29 lat. W badaniach zostały wykorzystane następujące metody: Skala Satysfakcji z Życia (Satisfaction with Life Scale, SWLS) autorstwa E. Dienera, R.A. Emmonsa, R.J. Larson i S. Griffin oraz Skala Postaw Być i Mieć autorstwa B. Grulkowskiego. Wyniki: Orientacja życiowa stanowi pewien rodzaj regulatora zachowania, który nadaje kierunek ludzkiej aktywności. Można mówić o rozróżnieniu pomiędzy orientacją >być< (odnosi się do wartości duchowych) oraz >mieć< (odnosi się do posiadania rzeczy materialnych), które przejawiają się w różnych doświadczeniach i są związane z ludzkim myśleniem, odczuwaniem i działaniem. Dlatego orientacja życiowa może odgrywać bardzo ważną rolę w satysfakcji z życia jednostki. W świetle uzyskanych wyników badań większość respondentów charakteryzowała się orientacją mieszaną (>być-mieć<) i średnim nasileniem satysfakcji z życia. Nie występowały istotne różnice w nasileniu satysfakcji z życia ze względu na płeć i kierunek studiów badanych. Natomiast wykazano, że osoby o orientacji >być< miały większą satysfakcję z życia niż osoby o orientacji >mieć<. Brak różnic w satysfakcji z życia ze względu na płeć jest zgodny z wynikami wcześniej przeprowadzonych badań, podobnie jak wynik dotyczący związku orientacji >być< z większą satysfakcją z życia. Wnioski: Dotychczas opublikowano nieliczne artykuły na temat orientacji >być< i >mieć<, z uwagi na fakt, że metoda zastosowana w badaniu występuje tylko w języku polskim i nie ma danych o jej adaptacji w innych krajach. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań pozwalają na ustalenie kierunku oddziaływań edukacyjnych i dają podstawy naukowe dla znanego powiedzenia: pieniądze szczęścia nie dają. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Korucu, Ayşe Arzu T1 - Freudyen ve Jungiyen Yaklaşımlarla Anne Olgusu [The Phenomenon of Motherhood with Freudian and Jungian Approaches] JF - Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi [Atatürk University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, Atatürk University], Vol. 23, No. 1 (2019), pp. 133-143. [Print ISSN 1304-4990] [dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/672447] N2 - İnsanlığın başlangıcından bu yana, ataerkil toplum düzeninin etkisiyle kadının geçirdiği değişim süreçleri, çağlar boyunca ona birçok olumsuz özellik atfederken, değişmeyen tek ve en kutsal özelliği annelik olmuştur. Anneliğin kutsiyeti vesaflığı, hemen her dönemde kadına ayrıcalıklı ve saygın bir konum bahşetmiştir. Anne olgusunun insan hayatında ve ruhsal alanda yarattığı etkileri, on dokuzuncu yüzyıl sonlarında Sigmund Freud’un kuruculuğunu yaptığı psikanaliz, yirminci yüzyıl başlarında ise Carl Gustav Jung’un temelini attığı analitik psikoloji derinlemesine inceler ve birbirinden farklı kuram ve bulgular ortaya koyar. Freud’un, ortaya koyduğu Oedipus ve iğdiş kompleksi kuramlarıyla anneliğe yaklaşımı o dönemde dünya çapında sansasyonel etkiler yaratır. Freud sonrası bir psikanalist olan Jacques Lacan ise, insanlaştırıcı kastrasyon (iğdiş) kuramıyla bu yaklaşımı biraz daha kabul edilebilir bir şekle sokar. Öte yandan Erich Fromm, diğer bir psikanalist, Freud’un Oedipus kompleksi kuramını, erkekteki doğurganlık kıskançlığına dair kuramıyla çürütmeye çalışır. Jung’un yaklaşımı, hepsinden farklı bir şekilde, annenin ruhsal alanda hâkim olan gizil güçleriyle ilgilidir; anne arketipinin ve anne kompleksinin insan psikolojisini ve hayatını başından sonuna nasıl derinden etkilediğini ve değiştirdiğini inceler. Çalışmamızın en önemli bulgusu ise hemen hepsinin tek bir ortak noktada buluştuğudur: anneyle kurulan sağlıklı ya da sağlıksız bir etkileşim, insanın yaşamındaki kritik süreçlerin, kişilikteki güçlü ya da zayıf yönlerin ve daha da önemlisi ruhsal alanda silinmez izler bırakan deneyimlerin temelini hazırlar. N2 - From the beginning of the history of humanity, the changing process woman has undergone with the effect of patriarchal societies attributed many negative, even pejorative, traits to her throughout the ages, while her unique constant and most sacred attribute has been motherhood. A respectable and privileged position has almost always been bestowed upon her for the holiness and purity of motherhood. The influences that the phenomenon of motherhood created in human life and psyche were anatomized by psychoanalysis founded by Sigmund Freud at the end of the 19th century and by analytical psychology founded by Carl Gustav Jung at the beginning of the 20th century; they put forward the theories and findings in this area, different from each other. Freud’s approach to motherhood with his theories of Oedipus complex and castration complex produced worldwide sensational effects at that time. Jacques Lacan, a post-Freudian psychoanalyst, shapes this approach in a bit more acceptable frame with his theory of humanizing castration. On the other hand, Erich Fromm, another 20th century psychoanalyst, tries to confute the theory of Oedipus complex with his own theory about jealousy of fertility in man. Jung’s approach, as different from all, is related to the potential power of mother dominant in psyche; he analyses how deeply mother archetype and mother complex influence and change human psychology and life from the beginning to the end. The most important finding in our study is that almost all these theories have a common point: a healthy or unhealthy relation with mother sets ground for the crucial periods, the strong or weak aspects in personality and, more importantly, the experiences leaving inerasable marks on psyche. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laskin, Alexander V T1 - Defining propaganda: A psychoanalytic perspective JF - Communication and the Public, Vol. 4, No. 4 (2019), pp. 305-314 [Online ISSN 2057-0481] [doi.org/10.1177/2057047319896488] N2 - Propaganda is a centuries-old term, and yet scholars and practitioners are still having a hard time defining it and pinpointing what makes propaganda unique. Many existing definitions fail to distinguish between propaganda and marketing, public relations, advertising, or even mass communications, in general. This essay proposes to define propaganda through psychoanalytical research pioneered by Erich Fromm on symbiotic relations. Symbiotic relations, when transferred from biology to psychology and sociology, describe a process of allowing a person to merge with something big and important, therefore creating meaning beyond an individual’s life. As a result, following its religious roots, propaganda acts similar to religion – asking for a sacrifice of individualism in the name of something bigger – god, country, society, or political party. In the end, people willingly engage in propaganda because, although sacrificing something, they receive unity with the bigger powers of other people, organizations, political parties, countries, and so on. As a result, such persons are not alone against the world; they are now a part of a bigger and stronger union. N2 - Contexte: La propagande semble nous entourer, pourtant beaucoup de gens trouveraient difficile d’en fournir une définition. Elle fait partie de ces mots faciles à utiliser, mais difficiles à définir. Les universitaires écrivent sur la propagande depuis des siècles, mais sa définition reste illusoire. Les profanes appellent simplement propagande toutes les communications avec lesquelles ils ne sont pas d’accord. La propagande devient un lavage de cerveau ou, pire encore, une guerre psychologique. Objectifs: L’article cherche à répondre à ce problème d’identification de la propagande. Méthode: L’article développe un argument théorique en faisant dialoguer l’œuvre psychologique et psychanalytique de Fromm avec le réel des sciences de la communication. Résultats: L’auteur soutient que la propagande est plus qu’un simple blasphème pour désigner des activités de communication avec lesquelles nous sommes en désaccord. En fait, cet essai suggère que la propagande peut mieux se comprendre grâce aux recherche psychanalytique de Fromm sur le sadisme et le masochisme. Fromm, à l’aide d’un concept biologique de symbiose, a expliqué le sadisme et le masochisme comme une façon de construire des relations symbiotiques, ce qui rend dans la relation un individu plus grand que ce qu’il n’est. En appliquant cette théorie à une société, l’agent de propagande et celui qui en est destinataire ne sont pas si différents d’un sadique et d’un masochiste, tous deux donnant un sens à leur vie grâce à la propagande et faisant partie de quelque chose de plus grand. Les relations symbiotiques de la propagande reposent sur la pensée de groupe et la rhétorique participative, qui visent à renforcer la cohésion du groupe et à établir une mentalité du >nous contre eux<. Conclusion: L’article conclut que les relations symbiotiques de la propagande fonctionnent par le biais de la pensée de groupe et de la rhétorique participative axées sur la cohésion du groupe et l’établissement d’une mentalité du >nous contre eux<. La propagande supprime l’individu pour se concentrer sur le plus grand nombre ; la propagande éradique les désirs de l’individu pour se concentrer sur les besoins du groupe ; et la propagande trace des frontières nettes entre le groupe et le territoire ennemi. La propagande devient une symbiose agressive visant à sa propre survie et à sa protection contre les autres. Ce travail, s’appuyant sur cette explication de la propagande par les relations symbiotiques, propose plusieurs domaines de recherche future sur la propagande afin de mieux comprendre son lien avec la psychologie et la psychanalyse. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alchamid, Ngabdul Ngazis T1 - Konsep Humanisasi pada Masyarakat Era Teknologi (Studi Komparasi Pemikiran Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo) [The Concept of Humanization in Society in the Technology Age (Comparative Study of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo's Thoughts)], Bachelor thesis, Ushuluddin Science and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya, Java, Indonesia 2019, 70 pp., Indonesian. N2 - Sejak memasuki era industri, kehidupan masyarakat sudah mulai dimudahkan oleh mesin-mesin teknologi, hingga kemudahan yang diberikan oleh teknologi membawa kemajuan pada peradaban manusia. Akan tetapi, ternyata teknologi juga membawa dampak negatif di dalam masyarakat. Menurut Erich Fromm teknologi tidak lagi hanya menjadi sarana untuk mencapai tujuan, akan tetapi sudah menjadi tujuan dari masyarakat. Sedangkan menurut Kuntowijoyo, teknologi diciptakan oleh manusia untuk membantu pekerja industri agar memperoleh hasil yang efisien, akan tetapi hal sebaliknya yang terjadi adalah pekerja mengikuti kerja dari mesin teknologi. Teknologi yang seharusnya melayani manusia, menjadi manusia yang melayani teknologi. Bagi Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo, masyarakat sedang dalam keadaan dehumanisasi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan humanisasi pada masyarakat, yang bertujuan untuk mengembalikan derajat kemanusiaan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi komparasi antara pemikiran Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo mengenai konsep humanisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menjelaskan keadaan masyarakat era teknologi dan mengumpulkan sumber data dari karya-karya Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo, serta sumber lain yang sesuai dengan tema. Dalam studi komparasi, penelitian ini menggunakan metode komparasi simetris, dengan mengurai pemikiran Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo satu persatu secara lengkap, kemudian membuat perbandingan dari pandangan kedua tokoh tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perbedaan pemikiran Erich Fromm dan Kuntowijoyo yang terletak padalandasan berfikirnya, serta pemakaian aspek spiritual dalam mendukung konsep humanisasi. Sedangkan persamaan pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut terdapat dalam tiga aspek, yaitu humanisasi, pembebasan dan pemenuhan kebutuhan spiritual. N2 - Since entering the industrial era, people's lives have begun facilitated by technological machines, so that the convenience provided by technology has brought progress to human civilization. However, it turns out that technology also has a negative impact on society. According to Erich Fromm, technology is no longer just a means to an end, but has become the goal of society. Meanwhile, according to Kuntowijoyo, technology was created by humans to help industrial workers to obtain efficient results, but the opposite is happening, workers follow the work of technological machines. Technology that should serve humans, becomes humans serving technology. For Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo, society is in a state of dehumanization. Therefore it is necessary to humanize society, which aims to restore the degree of humanity. This research is a comparative study between the thoughts of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo regarding the concept of humanization. This study uses a qualitative method by explaining the condition of society in the technological era and collecting data sources from the works of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo, as well as other sources that are appropriate to the theme. In a comparative study, this study uses the symmetrical comparison method, by analyzing the thoughts of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo one by one in full, then making a comparison of the views of the two figures. The results of this study are the differences in the thoughts of Erich Fromm and Kuntowijoyo which lie in foundation of thinking, as well as the use of spiritual aspects in supporting the concept of humanization. While the similarities in the thoughts of the two figures are found in three aspects, namely humanization, liberation and fulfillment of spiritual needs. [Google translator, 12/2022] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Habriielian, A. T1 - Erich Fromm's >Humanistic Radicalism<. Historical Occurrence and Political Activity JF - Science Review, Vol. 6, No 23. [ISSN 2544-9346] N2 - The purpose of this article was to study the creative heritage of Erich Fromm and the formation of >Humanistic Radicalism<. The study was aimed at defining the historical context for the theoretical formation of >Humanistic Radicalism< within the framework of Fromm's >Social Psychoanalysis< and the practical implementation of this concept in the political activities of this personality. Four periods of the introduction of the ideas of >Humanistic Radicalism< by E. Fromm through his political activities were identified. It was found out that the humanistic orientation requires the continuation both in research activities of a person and in everyday socio-cultural life in general, while maintaining dialogical relations with the world. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haggag, Ali T1 - The Frankfurt School at Egyptian Universities. Critical Observations JF - Contemporary Arab Affairs, Vol. 12, No. 4 (2019), pp. 104-120. [Online ISSN 755-0920] [doi.org/10.1525/caa.2019.12.4.104] N2 - The critical theory of the Frankfurt School reached Egypt in 1955, when the Arabic translation of Erich Fromm’s >The Sane Society< (New York, 1955) was published in Cairo. Later, Herbert Marcuse’s >Soviet Marxism< (1958) was translated into Arabic in Beirut in 1965, and with the rise of student protests in France, Germany, and the United States, much attention was given to Marcuse; almost all his writings were translated into Arabic between 1969 and 1973. This article explores the nature of individual >receptions< of the critical theory of the Frankfurt School at Egyptian universities. To this end, it briefly introduces the early generation of the Frankfurt School, as well as the reasons of interest in its fate in Egyptian universities. Though master’s theses and doctoral dissertations do not represent a university’s orientation to critical theory, and at best represent the perspective of their individual authors, this article shows that key individual theses and dissertations testify to an early rejection of the Frankfurt School and to the late adoption of it as a critical paradigm of the transformations in Egyptian society. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Habriielian, A. T1 - The Phenomenon of >Mass Consciousness< in E. Fromm's Philosophy JF - World Science, Vol. 2, No. 7(47), pp. 32-35. [ISSN 2413-1032] N2 - In this article, the author considered the concept of >Mass Consciousness< in the philosophy of Erich Fromm. The phenomenon of >Mass Consciousness< was studied from the standpoint of E. Fromm’s «Humanistic Radicalism», and was analyzed in comparison with classical Freudian psychoanalysis and other prominent thinkers of the twentieth century. It was found that according to Erich Fromm's social psychoanalysis, aggression is the result of social exclusion, mass consciousness, and conformism. The prevention of these phenomena can only be realized by a healthy humanistic society, in which faith, hope, love, understanding, sanity, mutual respect, empathy that cannot be explained by human instincts. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gordon, Michael A. T1 - Aikido as Transformative and Embodied Pedagogy. Teacher as Healer T2 - Aikido as Transformative and Embodied Pedagogy. Teacher as Healer, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2019, 218 pp. [eBook ISBN 978-3-030-23953-4] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23953-4] N2 - Drawing on the author’s lifelong practice in the non-competitive and defensive Japanese art of Aikido, this book examines education as self-cultivation, from a Japanese philosophy (e.g. Buddhist) perspective. Contemplative practices, such as secular mindfulness meditation, are being increasingly integrated into pedagogical settings to enhance social and emotional learning and well-being and to address stress-induced overwhelm due to increased pressures on the education system and its constituents. The chapters in this book explore the various ways, through the lens of this non-violent relational art of Aikido, that pedagogy is always something being practiced (on the level of psychological, somatic and emotional registers) and thus holding potential for transformation into being more relational, ecological-minded, and reflecting more ‘embodied attunement.’ Positioning education as a practice, one of self-discovery, the author argues that one can approach personal development as engaging in a spiritual process of integrating mind and body towards full presence of being and existence. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gordon, Michael A. T1 - Introduction: Practice as Transformative Wholeness JF - Aikido as Transformative and Embodied Pedagogy. Teacher as Healer, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2019, pp. 3-56. [eBook ISBN 978-3-030-23953-4] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23953-4] N2 - In this chapter, the author introduces his autobiographical near-death experience of a motorcycle accident as the basis for examining his life and the self-study that forms this book, within a gestalt or whole. Touching on the figure-ground-contact approach of Gestalt Therapy, the author puts this self-study within the context of a lifetime of involvement in the Japanese art of Ki Aikido. In Aikido, one learns to coordinate their mind, body, and life energy (Japanese: ki) to better attune and move in synchronization with the world around them. The ethos of Aikido reflects the broader virtue ethics of traditional Japanese arts – >do<, >michi<, or >way< – and how this approach to education aims for spiritual self-cultivation in daily life, rather than mere acquisition of technical or intellectual knowledge. Through Aikido, Japanese calligraphy or shodo (which the author took up as a comparative/adjunct >way< for his study), and beyond into increased skillful awareness in motorcycling and educational praxis, this chapter draws on Yasuo Yuasa’s theory of ki as ‘teleological intentionality.’ By taking a ‘path’ approach to learning through this >ki awareness< one thus develops and enhances their embodied presence into what Yuasa calls >transpersonal synchronization.< Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gordon, Michael A. T1 - Conclusion: A Holistic Relational Paradigm JF - Aikido as Transformative and Embodied Pedagogy. Teacher as Healer, Cham (Palgrave Macmillan) 2019, pp. 163-168. [eBook ISBN 978-3-030-23953-4] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23953-4_6] N2 - In the conclusion entitled >A Holistic Relational Paradigm,< the author draws on key themes in the manuscript: attachment, healing, psychosocial development, and an altruistic approach to fostering prosocial behavior. Epstein’s (2014) work relates the early trauma of the Buddha’s loss of his mother after childbirth to his resultant view of ‘suffering.’ Epstein explores how this attachment >wound< is mirrored in the Buddhist view that we suffer as the result of not knowing how to integrate the reality of ‘impermanence.’ The author continues to generalize this universal or psycho-spiritual view (as opposed to one based on our ‘personal’ pathology or ‘narrative’) through the core training principles of Ki Aikido, like the Buddha’s Four Noble Truths, as ways of laying out a more liberatory path in daily life. Drawing on the work of Erich Fromm, he further expands on the notion of love, specifically as an approach that fosters applied skillfulness in relationships as an antidote to narcissism. Expanding further, he draws on Matthieu Ricard’s (2015) work on altruism, based in research on its roots in prosocial behavior rather than as moral idealism or superiority. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Domjanovic, Luka T1 - Fromm’s Notion of Spontaneity as a Solution to Foucault’s Problem of Freedom [Frommov pojam spontanosti kao rješenje problema slobode kod Foucaulta] [Fromms Begriff der Spontaneität als Lösung für Foucaults Problem der Freiheit] [La Notion de spontanéité de Fromm comme solution au problème de liberté de Foucault] JF - Synthesis Philosophica, Vol. 67, No. 1 (2019), pp. 125-139. [Online ISSN 1848-2317] [doi.org/10.21464/sp34109] N2 - In this paper, I attempt to apply Fromm’s notion of spontaneity to Foucault’s system of repression. It tends to shed new light on Foucault’s problem of freedom, using the notion which Foucault largely underestimates. Difficulties of such an application arise because of differences in Fromm’s and Foucault’s starting points in analysing the causes of human submission throughout history. Nonetheless, there is a point of convergence: Foucault and Fromm both describe a type of individual’s escape towards the institutions of power. Whether these institutions are highly formalised or not, highly complex or rather simple, dispersed or centralised, they designate repression on account of their lack of spontaneity. N2 - U radu pokušavam primijeniti Frommov pojam spontanosti na Foucaultovu teoriju sustava represije. Ovom analogijom pokušava se iznova sagledati Foucaultov problem slobode, pomoću pojma koji Foucault uglavnom zanemaruje. Osnovna je teškoća takvog pristupa u različitim polazištima dvojice autora pri analizi uzroka ljudske podčinjenosti kroz povijest. Unatoč tome, članak će pokazati da je moguće pronaći točku konvergencije između Fromma i Foucaulta: oba autora opisuju svojevrsni bijeg pojedinca prema institucijama moći. Bilo da su te institucije formaliziranije ili rudimentarnije, raspršene ili centralizirane, zajednička im je osnova represija utemeljena na izbjegavanju bilo kakve spontanosti. N2 - In diesem Artikel versuche ich, Fromms Begriff der Spontaneität auf Foucaults Unterdrückungssystem anzuwenden. Er neigt, ein neues Licht auf das Problem der Freiheit bei Foucault zu werfen, indem er den Begriff verwendet, den Foucault weitgehend vernachlässigt. Schwierigkeiten bei einer solchen Anwendung ergeben sich aus dem Unterschied zwischen Fromms und Foucaults Ausgangspunkten bei der Analyse der Ursachen für menschliche Unterwerfung im Laufe der Geschichte. Nichtsdestotrotz haben die Autoren einen Punkt der Konvergenz: Sowohl Foucault als auch Fromm beschreiben eine Art der Flucht des Individuums zu den Institutionen der Macht. Unabhängig davon, ob diese Institutionen hoch formalisiert oder nicht, hochkomplex oder eher einfach, verstreut oder zentralisiert sind, stehen sie für Unterdrückung infolge mangelnder Spontaneität. N2 - Dans cet article, je tente d’appliquer la notion de spontanéité de Fromm au système répressif de Foucault. Par cette analogie, nous cherchons à éclairer de nouveau le problème de la liberté chez Foucault, en utilisant la notion que Foucault sous-estime largement. Les difficultés d’une telle application sont dues à la différence des points de départ de Fromm et de Foucault dans l’analyse des causes de la soumission humaine à travers l’histoire. Néanmoins, les deux auteurs ont un point de convergence : Foucault et Fromm décrivent tous deux un type de fuite de l’individu vers les institutions du pouvoir. Que ces institutions soient hautement formalisées ou non, très complexes ou plutôt simples, dispersées ou centralisées, elles désignent la répression en raison de leur manque de spontanéité. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferreira de Sousa, Josivanio T1 - A vivência da Fé nos modos Ser e Ter segundo Erich Fromm [The Experience of Faith in the Modes of Being and Having according to Erich Fromm] JF - Semana Nacional de Teologia, Filosofia e Estudos de Religião e Colóquio Filosófico, Vol. 1 (2019), pp. 82-88. [Online ISSN 2763-7433] [doity.com.br/anais/semana-nacional-teo-filos-e-cr-simp-filos/trabalho/126709] N2 - Este trabalho busca apresentar um dos aspectos do modo de existência baseado no Ter e no Ser segundo o filósofo alemão Erich Fromm, dando luz ao sentido religioso da fé. Partindo da leitura do livro “Ter ou Ser” do citado autor, será apresentado alguns argumentos que afirma o por quê deve-se aproximar-se do modo Ser e se afasta do modo Ter. É importante enaltecer que diante a sociedade consumista atual, as pessoas estão bem mais próxima do modo Ter, sendo que muitas pessoas pensam ser o único modo de vida possível. Diante disso, elas vão transformando o que deveria ser experiências em algo que possa ser possuído como concreto. Isso acontece nos mais variados aspectos da vida humana, como por exemplo, no amor, na aprendizagem, no conhecer. Na fé não é diferente. Fromm faz a análise da fé nesses dois modos e dar ênfase no modo Ser, como uma alternativa melhor do que o modo Ter e sugere que possamos mudar a atitude em busca do Ser. Em verdade, existe uma grande dificuldade para acontecer esse movimento. Mas, o objetivo desse trabalho se detém apenas em mostrar a diferença dos modos Ter e Ser na questão da fé e mostrar a importância de tentar vivenciar a fé no modo Ser. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Endler, Johannes T1 - Alternative Spiritualität zwischen Nabelschau und sozialem Engagement [Alternative spirituality between navel-gazing and social commitment] JF - Spiritual Care (De Gruyter, Berlin), Vol. 8, No. 2 (2019), pp. 155-165. [Online ISSN 2365-8185] [doi.org/10.1515/spircare-2018-0054] N2 - Einer verbreiteten These folgend wird von alternativ-spirituellen Akteuren keine Änderung der gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse angestrebt, wesentlich sei hingegen die Arbeit an der eigenen Identität im Dienst der >Selbstverwirklichung< (vgl. Lasch 1980, List 1988, Bellah et al. 1996). Die Verantwortung für Probleme und deren Lösungen würden dem Einzelnen aufgebürdet und die komplexen Zusammenhänge von (scheinbarer) Selbstbestimmung und internalisierten gesellschaftlichen Ansprüchen blieben verdeckt. Das heutige spirituelle Feld sei marktförmig strukturiert und statt gemeinschaftlicher Beziehungsformen würden flüchtige Begegnungen zwischen unabhängigen Transaktionspartnern vorherrschen (vgl. Hero 2010). Die Individualisierungsthese (vgl. Beck 1986, Beck & Beck-Gernsheim 2002) bildet den theoretischen Bezugsrahmen für diese oftmals als Kritik vorgebrachten Annahmen. Anhand der für die alternative Spiritualität wichtigen Ansätze von Erich Fromm und Marylin Ferguson werden die beschriebenen Ansichten in der vorliegenden Arbeit relativiert. Inwiefern die in den exemplarischen Selbstzeugnissen formulierten Ansprüche tatsächlich eingelöst wurden und auch für das heutige alternativ-spirituelle Milieu handlungsleitend sind, kann Gegenstand weiterführender Forschungen sein. N2 - Following a widespread assumption, alternative-spiritual proponents do not strive for social change, instead >self-realization< through working on one’s identity is essential (cf. Lasch 1980, List 1988, Bellah et al. 1996). Problems and their solutions would be seen as each individual’s own responsibility and complex relations between (apparent) self-determination and internalized social requirements stay concealed. The contemporary spiritual field would be structured on a market basis and contacts between independent partners prevail rather than collaborative relations (cf. Hero 2010). The thesis of individualization (cf. Beck 1986, Beck & Beck-Gernsheim 2002) serves as a theoretical framework for these (critical) assumptions. The view mentioned is put into perspective on the basis of Erich Fromm’s and Marylin Ferguson’s approaches considering both as important figures in the field of alternative spirituality. Further research can aim to clarify whether their pretensions are actually met by the alternative-spiritual milieu of their time and today. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuchs, Christian T1 - M. N. Roy and the Frankfurt School: Socialist Humanism and the Critical Analysis of Communication, Culture, Technology, Fascism and Nationalism JF - TripleC, Vol. 17, No. 2 (2019), pp. 249-286. [ISSN 1726-670X] [doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v17i2.1118] N2 - Manabendra Nath Roy (1887-1954) was the founder of the Communist Parties of Mexico and India and a socialist-humanist philosopher. In the Western world, his works are today widely ignored and forgotten. This article introduces some philosophical aspects of Roy’s thought. It engages with foundations of his theory and shows its relevance for the study of communication, culture, technology, the human being, fascism, and nationalism. Frankfurt School thinkers such as Theodor W. Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Herbert Marcuse, and Erich Fromm were interested in similar topics to Roy. This article also compares the approach of Roy and the Frankfurt School. It shows parallels between Roy and the first generation of the Frankfurt School with respect to themes such as the dialectic of technology and society, the dialectic of the Enlightenment, fascism, nationalism, and authoritarianism. In the age of new nationalisms and authoritarian capitalism, global environmental crises, capitalist crisis, and the digital crisis, socialist-humanist theories such as M. N. Roy’s can inspire struggles for a humanist and socialist society as antidotes to the acceleration and deepening of the three crises. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Joubert Lopera, Daniel T1 - Libertad: principio frommiano para la toma de decisiones y el establecimiento de interrelaciones, Undergraduate degree in psychology as a partial requirement to qualify for the title of Psychologist, Psychology, EAFIT University, Medellín, Colombia 2019., 24 pp. [repository.eafit.edu.co/server/api/core/bitstreams/a66709bf-b62e-4f88-a239-bdcb8b98fd0b/content] N2 - El objetivo de este texto es reflexionar en torno a la relación de la libertad, con la toma de decisiones y su potencial para las interrelaciones, desde la perspectiva de Erich Fromm, mostrando posibles implicaciones prácticas. El método utilizado fue la hermenéutica la cual es el arte de comprender y/o interpretar discursos para realizar un estudio monográfico sobre los conceptos señalados. Como principales hallazgos se destaca la paradoja entre libertad y toma de decisiones, los distintos sentidos en que puede ser entendido y experimentado el proceso de la libertad, y la interrelación que se puede generar entre los tres conceptos mencionados. Finalmente, las conclusiones que son de tipo teóricas, metodológicas y prácticas. N2 - The objective of this text is to reflect on the relationship of freedom, with the decision making and its potential for interrelations, from the perspective of Erich Fromm, showing possible practical implications. The method used was hermeneutics, which is the art of understanding and / or interpreting discourses in order to carry out a monographic study on the concepts mentioned. The main findings are the paradox between freedom and decision making, the different senses in which the process of freedom and the interrelation that can be generated between the three concepts mentioned can be understood and experienced. Finally, the conclusions that are theoretical, methodological and practical. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jourshari, Abbas Naeemi A1 - Haghighat, Seyedeh Sedigheh T1 - An assessment of the concept of alienation in Marxist theories [Una evaluación del concepto de alienación en las teorías marxistas] [Uma avaliação do conceito de alienação nas teorias marxistas] JF - Revista Amazonia Investiga, Vol. 8, No. 18 (2019), pp. 471-482. [Online ISSN 2322–6307] [amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/360/336] N2 - Alienation is one of the important concepts of social science which has been most studied in Marxism idealogy. The main purpose of the present paper is to review the opinion of Marxist sociologists on alienation. This paper has been compiled to answer the following question: What is self-alienation and what is the Marxists’ view about this complex concept? Regarding this matter, while reviewing the history of Alienation and its conceptual dimensions, theories of Karl Marx, George Lukács, Antonio Gramsci, Erich Fromm, and Juergen Habermas is examined. The research method used in this research is a descriptive and data collection method is librarian. The findings chart is plotted at the end of the paper. N2 - La alienación es uno de los conceptos importantes de la ciencia social que ha sido más estudiado en la idealología del marxismo. El objetivo principal del presente artículo es revisar la opinión de los sociólogos marxistas sobre la alienación. Este artículo se ha compilado para responder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Qué es la autoalienación y cuál es la opinión de los marxistas sobre este concepto complejo? Con respecto a este asunto, al revisar la historia de la Alienación y sus dimensiones conceptuales, se examinan las teorías de Karl Marx, George Lukács, Antonio Gramsci, Erich Fromm y Juergen Habermas. El método de investigación utilizado en esta investigación es descriptivo y el método de recopilación de datos es bibliotecario. La tabla de hallazgos se representa al final del documento. N2 - A alienação é um dos conceitos importantes da ciência social que tem sido mais estudada na idealogia do marxismo. O objetivo principal do presente artigo é revisar a opinião dos sociólogos marxistas sobre a alienação. Este artigo foi compilado para responder à seguinte pergunta: o que é a auto-alienação e qual é a visão dos marxistas sobre esse conceito complexo? Com relação a esse assunto, ao revisar a história da alienação e suas dimensões conceituais, as teorias de Karl Marx, George Lukács, Antonio Gramsci, Erich Fromm e Jurgen Habermas são examinadas. O mIétodo de pesquisa utilizado nesta pesquisa é descritivo e o método de coleta de dados é bibliotecário. O gráfico de resultados é plotado no final do artigo. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kim, Sun Ah T1 - 정신분석학적 >욕망의 주체< 이해에 기초한 사랑의 교육 연구 [A Study on the Education for Love Based on the Understanding of Psychoanalytic >Subject of Desire<] JF - 기독교교육 논총 [Journal of the Korean Society of Christian Education (KSCRE)], No. 59 (2019), pp. 335-368. N2 - 본 연구는 다음과 같은 필요성에 의해 시도되었다: 첫째로, 우리의 미래세대가 4차 산업의 혁명과 함께 도래하는 >초기술사회<에서 자신의 진짜 삶을 잃어버리지 않고 가정과 학교, 교회 공동체와 사회에서 자발적이고 창의적인 삶을 살아가도록 길인도하기 위한 교육이 필요하다. 둘째로, 그러한 교육은 인간을 >욕망의 주체<로 이해함과 동시에 >사랑의 소통<을 통해 자발적이고 창의적인 삶을 살아가는 >사랑의 존재<로서 이해하는 것이어야 한다. 셋째로, 이러한 인간이해를 바탕으로 한 전인교육적인 사랑의 교육의 방향 및 과제가 구체적으로 제시되어 우리의 미래세대가 진정한 사랑을 욕망하는 주체로서 진짜 삶을 살아가도록 도울 필요가 있다. 우리의 미래세대가 진정한 사랑을 욕망하는 >주체>이자<사랑의 존재>로서 살아가도록 길인도 하기 위해 정신분석학적 >욕망의 주체< 이해에 기초한 사랑의 교육을 연구한 본고의 특징은 다음과 같다: 첫째로, 기독교 신앙을 무의식적 욕망과 관련하여 재해석한 돌토의 정신분석학적 관점을 학문적 논의의 자원으로 활용하였다. 둘째로, 소쉬르로 대표되는 구조주의 언어학에서 주장하는 >기의의 우위성<을 전복하고 >기표의 우위성<을 제기한 라캉과 돌토의 정신분석학적 업적을 토대로, >주체의 인간화<로 인도하는 >기표<인 >사랑의 말<의 중요성을 제시하였다. 셋째로, 진정한 사랑을 욕망하는 인간, Homo Desiderans를 제시함으로써 인간이해의 지평을 융복합적으로 확장하였다. 즉 무의식의 >욕망의 주체<로서 사랑을 >욕망하는 삶<을 살아가는 인간존재이자 예수 그리스도 안에서 진정한 >사랑의 능력<을 키워나가는 인간존재인 정신분석학적 · 기독교적 Homo Desiderans를 제시하였다. 넷째로, 우리의 미래세대를 위한 사랑의 교육은 주체가 타자를 향한 사랑의 욕망을 따라 다른 사람들과 더불어 사랑을 나누며 살아갈 수 있도록 길인도 하는 전인격적 교육이어야 한다. 사랑의 교육의 전인격적인 가치를 탐구하기 위해 본 연구에서는 프롬의 사회심리학적 통찰과 돌토의 정신분석학적 통찰을 활용하였다. 다섯째로, 이러한 탐구에 기초한 사랑의 교육의 방향 및 과제를 세 가지로 제시하였다. >주체의 인간화<를 위한 사랑의 교육, >아가페적 사랑을 욕망하는< 사랑의 교육, 그리고 >치유(용서)와 모험(신앙)<을 위한 사랑의 교육이 신앙공동체 안에서 먼저 실천될 때 우리의 미래세대는 아가페적 사랑의 불꽃을 삶의 모든 영역에서 밝히는 첫걸음을 옮기게 될 것이다. N2 - This study was carried out in an attempt to address the following needs. First, we need a psychoanalytic approach to understanding humans as >subject of desire< to help future generations live as >subjects of desire< in their homes, schools, church communities, and society. Second, with this human understanding, we need to understand humans as >loving beings<, living spontaneous and creative lives through the >communication of love<. Third, there is a need to approach the problem of love from the perspective of psychoanalysis and social psychology in order to establish the healing and holistic educational value of the education for love. This paper studied the education of love based on the understanding of a psychoanalytical >subject of desire<, so that future generations can live as human beings who desire true love. First, Dolto’s psychoanalytic view of reinterpreting Christian beliefs in relation to unconscious desire was used as a resource for academic discussion in this paper. Second, based on the achievements in the field of psychoanalysis of Lacan and Dolto, who overthrew the >superiority of the signified< claimed in the structuralist linguistics, as represented by Ferdinand de Saussure, this study presented >the superiority of the signifier< in the symbolic leading to >humanization of the subject<. Thirdly, a new interdisciplinary perspective in understanding human beings was presented. In other words, the understanding of humans in terms of Christian education was expanded by presenting a new concept of the human, Homo Desiderans, for the sake of Christian education for future generations. Fourth, Homo Desiderans was presented as a human being who wants to live a >life of desire for love<, as the subject of unconsciousness and as a person who needs to develop the ability of love in his life. Fifth, based on this understanding of human beings, it was suggested that Christian education for future generations should be an education of love that helps the subject live a life that is harmonious with others, along with the desire for love for others. As its specific direction and task, they study proposed an education of love for the >humanization of subjects<, an education of love for the >desire for true love<, and an education of love for >healing (forgiveness)< and >adventure (faith)<. Ultimately, an education for love based on an understanding of the psychoanalytical >subject of desire< can help future generations to live as >subjects of desire for love< toward others within the community of love, especially, within the faith community of love. To this end, in-depth discussions on education for love should be promoted based on an understanding of a psychoanalytical >subject of desire<, and related follow-up studies must also be continued. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jimenez, Luis T1 - The psychosocial significance of social character, habitus and structures of feeling in research on neoliberal post-industrial work JF - Journal of Psychosocial Studies, Vol. 12, No. 3 (2019), pp. 259-276. [Online ISSN 1478-6737] [doi.org/10.1332/204378919X15674407132232] N2 - This article highlights the psychosocial relevance of Erich Fromm’s concepts of >social character< and >social change< to broaden our understanding of the intergenerational traumatic legacy of neoliberalism. As part of this, it also reflects on the psychosocial significance of other related concepts – namely Pierre Bourdieu’s >habitus< and Raymond Williams’ >structures of feeling< – as ways to also acknowledge their significance when related to each other in emerging research on the neoliberal effects of changes in work and identities. This includes secondary analysis of my own earlier research on the psychosocial ramifications of the loss of stable work, changing worker-gendered identities, disrupted affect, community engagement and historical memory within a global context of insecure labour. This is all understood within a theoretical frame that stresses the emerging neoliberal forms of social character in the aftermath of the massive redundancies and unemployment experienced recently in post-industrial working-class communities in the UK. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bagus Guntur, Farisa T1 - Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Manusia dalam Fenomena Kabe-Don: Sebuah Kajian Psikoanalisis Humanistik Erich Fromm [Meeting Human Needs in the >Kabe-Don< Phenomenon: A Study Using Erich Fromm's Humanistic Psychoanalysis], Thesis (undergraduate), Japanese Literature, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2019. - Only abstract and contents available. N2 - Kabe-don adalah sebuah adegan romantis yang banyak ditemui di manga, anime, dorama, maupun film Jepang dengan genre romantis. Adegan romantis tersebut ditunjukkan dengan pihak laki-laki memukulkan tangannya ke tembok sembari mengapit pihak perempuan di antara tubuh pihak laki-laki dan tembok. Fenomena kabe-don muncul dengan banyaknya perempuan Jepang yang ingin di-kabe-don, yaitu menjadi objek dari tindakan kabe-don. Idaman akan tindakan kabe-don tersebut merupakan keinginan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan-kebutuhan khusus yang hanya dimiliki oleh manusia yang oleh Erich Fromm disebut dengan kebutuhan manusia. Kebutuhan manusia terdiri dari kebutuhan akan >keterhubungan<, >keunggulan<, >keberakaran>, >kepekaan akan identitas<, dan >kerangka orientasi< yang dapat dipenuhi dengan dua cara, yaitu secara produktif dan secara nonproduktif. Pemenuhan kebutuhan secara produktif dilakukan dengan cinta, kreasi, pendewasaan, individualisasi, dan rasionalitas. Di sisi lain, pemenuhan kebutuhan secara nonproduktif dilakukan dengan narsisisme, destruksi, fiksasi, konformitas, dan irasionalitas. Selain itu, idaman perempuan Jepang akan kabe-don juga tidak lepas dari faktor kultural di mana perempuan tersebut berada. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini perlu dicari faktor kultural apa yang ada di balik idaman perempuan akan tindakan kabe-don menggunakan analisis tema budaya James Spradley. Tema budaya ditemukan dengan mencari benang merah dari adegan-adegan romantis yang ada. Setelah tema budayanya diketahui, dilakukan analisis menggunakan konsep-konsep kebutuhan manusia dalam teori psikoanalisis humanistik Erich Fromm dengan merelasikannya dengan tema budaya tersebut. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode netnografi, yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data-data yang relevan dari media-media daring dalam bentuk pengakuan, hasil survei maupun pemberitaan. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis tema budaya dan psikoanalisis humanistik Erich Fromm. Dari hasil analisis, ditemukan bahwa amae merupakan tema budaya dari idaman perempuan Jepang akan tindakan kabe-don, dan idaman tersebut memungkinkan untuk menjadi pemenuhan kebutuhan manusia, baik secara produktif maupun secara nonproduktif. N2 - Kabe-don is a romantic scene mostly shown in romantic anime, manga, drama, or film. This romantic scene is performed with a man slams a wall with his hand while pinning a woman between his body and the wall. A lot of women yearn to be kabe-don-ed, they yearn to be the object of kabe-don so much, that it became such a phenomenon. Those yearnings for kabe-don are yearning for human needs, needs that are particular for human according to Erich Fromm. Human needs consist of the need of >relatedness<, >transcendence<, >rootedness<, >sense of identity<, and >frame of orientation<. Those human needs can be fulfilled in two ways, productively and nonproductively. The fulfillment of human needs can be accomplished productively with love, creation, maturity, individualization, and rationality. Meanwhile, the fulfillment of human needs can also be accomplished with narcissism, destruction, fixation, conformity, and irrationality. Nevertheless, Japanese women's yearnings of kabe-don is bound to the cultural factor of the society where those women live. Therefore, the cultural factor of the yearning of kabe-don must be identified using James Spradley's cultural theme analysis beforehand. The cultural theme can be found by identifying the common value shared among the romantic scenes. After the cultural theme is identified, the yearning of kabe-don and the identified cultural theme will be analysed using Erich Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis concept of human needs. Data collection will be done using netnography method by collecting data such as personal statements, surveys, or press releases from online media and sources. Collected data will be analysed using cultural theme analysis and Erich Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis. Based on the results of the analyses, amae is identified to be the cultural theme of the Japanese women's yearnings of kabe-don, and those yearnings can become the fulfillment of human needs, either productively or nonproductively. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cotta, Denis T1 - O pseudoamor como um fenômeno da sociedade – uma proposta de diálogo entre Erich Fromm e Zygmunt Bauman [Pseudo-love as a phenomenon of society – a proposal for a dialogue between Erich Fromm and Zygmunt Bauman] JF - Cadernos Zygmunt Bauman [ISSN 2236-4099], Vol. 9, No. 20 (2019), pp. 218-232. N2 - O presente estudo visa promover um diálogo entre o psicanalista, filósofo e sociólogo Erich Fromm (1900-1980) e o sociólogo e filósofo Zygmunt Bauman (1925-2017). A premissa que permeia o diálogo entre ambos os autores se direciona a compreensão dos vínculos amorosos na sociedade contemporânea. Nessa guisa, serão apresentadas as contribuições oriundas do pensamento de Bauman que tangenciam aquestão do amor e, sobretudo, a sua concepção de amor líquido. No contexto frommiano, pode-se citar as ponderações acerca das vivências amorosas, que podem ser produtivas (positivas) ou improdutivas (negativas). Além disso, Fromm elucida que as orientações de caráter do sujeito podem ser entendidas como aspectos constituintes das diversas formas de amor, entre elas as formas negativas: os pseudoamores. No que tange ao aspecto metodológico, a presente pesquisa se utilizará fundamentalmente das seguintes obras: Amor Líquido: sobre a fragilidade dos laços humanos de autoria de Bauman, e A arte de amar, de Erich Fromm. Por fim, por intermédio do diálogo entre os autores, pretende-se sublinhar os aspectos essenciais para a compreensão das problemáticas e dos desafios referentes ao ato de amar na sociedade contemporânea. N2 - The present study aims to promote a dialogue between psychoanalyst, philosopher and sociologist Erich Fromm (1900-1980) and sociologist and philosopher Zygmunt Bauman (1925-2017). The premise that permeates the dialogue between both authors addresses the understanding of the bonds of love in contemporary society. In this way, the contributions from the thought of Bauman that touch the question of love and, above all, his conception of liquid love will be presented. In the context Frommian, one can cite the ponderings about the amorous experiences, that can be productive (positive) or unproductive (negative). In addition, Fromm elucidates that the character's orientations of the subject can be understood as constituent aspects of the various forms of love, among them the negative forms: the pseudo love. Regarding the methodological aspect, the present research will be used mainly of the following works: Liquid Love: on the fragility of the human bonds of Bauman, and The art of loving, of Erich Fromm. Finally, through the dialogue between the authors, it is intended to emphasize the essential aspects for the understanding of the problems and the challenges regarding the act of loving in contemporary society. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cotta, Denis T1 - Uma proposta de experiência religiosa fundamentada no amor ao próximo, segundo o pensamento de Erich Fromm [A proposal of religious experience based on love of neighbor, according to the thinking of Erich Fromm] JF - Sacrilegens, Juiz de Fora, Vol. 16, No. 1 (2019), pp. 25-37. N2 - O presente estudo visa apresentar o conceito de experiência religiosa do psicanalista e filósofo alemão, Erich Fromm. Para Fromm, a experiência religiosa deve ser compreendida como um dos caminhos para o aprimoramento espiritual do indivíduo. Como uma das principais características da experiência religiosa, o psicanalista alemão, destaca a capacidade de transcendência do egocentrismo, movimento que favorece uma existência mais altruísta. Como metodologia, este manuscrito se utilizará das seguintes obras: >A arte de amar<, >O espírito de Liberdade<, >Psicanálise e religião<, ambas de autoria de Fromm, além de recorrer a trabalhos de comentadores do referido autor. Em suma pretende-se esclarecer que, esclarecer que, a experiência religiosa pode ser entendida como um dos caminhos para a promoção do amor e do auxílio aos necessitados, em outros termos, possibilita a imitação dos atos divinos. N2 - The present study aims to present the concept of religious experience of the German psychoanalyst and philosopher, Erich Fromm. For Fromm´s, religious experience must be understood as one of the ways for the spiritual improvement of the individual. As one of the main characteristics of the religious experience, the German psychoanalyst highlights the capacity for transcendence of egocentrism, a movement that favors a more altruistic existence. As a methodology, this manuscript will be used in the following works: >The art of Loving<, >You shall be as gods<, >Psychoanalysis and Religion>, all authored by Fromm in addition to using the works of commentators of the author. In short, it is intended to clarify that, religious experience can be understood as one of the ways to promote love and help the needy in other words, enables the imitation of divine acts. [Author's English version]q Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cotta, Denis T1 - A constituição humana e a educação na sociedade da aquisição: contribuiçðes do pensamento de Erich Fromm [The human constitution and education in the acquisition society: contributions from Erich Fromm's thought] JF - Fragmentos de Cultura, Goiânia, Vol. 29, No. 2 (2019), pp. 167-179. N2 - O presente estudo se orienta pela elucidação dos conceitos teóricos do psicanalista e filósofo alemão Erich Fromm, no que tange a constituição humana e o processo de educação. Para o psicanalista alemão, o processo educacional está intrinsecamente associado aos aspectos socioculturais, isto é, o indivíduo como um ser social é impactado pela cultura de sua sociedade. Segundo o autor, o principal desafio do contexto educacional é o de proporcionar ao estudante um ambiente pautado pela autonomia e pela criatividade em contraste com uma sociedade que se fundamenta na alienação e na aquisição. No que tange à metodologia, este estudo visa empreender uma leitura analítica das obras >Análise do homem<, >Ter ou Ser?< e >A revolução da esperança<, todas de autoria de Erich Fromm. Como objetivo principal, este artigo visa sublinhar as contribuições do pensamento frommiano no que se refere às possibilidades da construção de uma educação mais humanizada em meio a atual sociedade da aquisição. N2 - The present study is guided by the elucidation of the theoretical concepts of the German psychoanalyst and philosopher Erich Fromm, regarding the human constitution and the education process. For the German psychoanalyst, the educational process is intrinsically associated with socio-cultural aspects, that is, the individual as a social being is impacted by the culture of his society. According to the author, the main challenge of the educational context is to provide the student with an environment based on autonomy and creativity in contrast to a society based on alienation and acquisition. Regarding methodology, this study aims to undertake an analytical reading of the works >Man for himself<, >To Have or to Be?< and >The Revolution of Hope<, both by Erich Fromm. As a main objective, this article aims to elucidate the contribu¬tions of Frommian thought to the possibilities of constructing a more humanized education in the current acquisition society. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dettano, Andrea T1 - Leyendo el consumo desde las emociones sociales. Algunos recorridos y perspectivas posibles [Reading the Consumption from the Social Emotions. Some possible perspectives] JF - Antropología Experimental, No. 19 (2019), pp. 1-10. [Online ISSN 1578-4282] [doi.org/10.17561/rae.v19.01] N2 - Las prácticas de consumo han estado históricamente asociadas con las emociones, siendo dadoras de status, orgullo, prestigio, satisfacción, vergüenza. En este sentido, el presente escrito tiene por objetivo rastrear en algunos trabajos teóricos, el modo en que el consumo –como práctica social- ha estado fuertemente relacionado con las emociones de los sujetos. La estrategia expositiva será la siguiente: en primer lugar se hace un recorrido teórico que escinde el consume de las necesidades vitales y de la noción de utilidad. En segundo lugar se consideran los trabajos de Erich Fromm (2013) y de Colin Campbell (1983), en cuyos desarrollos las emociones presentan un lugar central en vinculación con procesos económicos y sociales. En tercer lugar – acercándonos a una perspectiva más actual –, se buscará delinear los rasgos del >hombre de consumo del siglo XXI< (Scribano, 2015). Por último, se harán unas reflexiones a modo de cierre. N2 - Consumption practices have historically been associated with emotions, being givers of status, pride, prestige, satisfaction, shame. In this sense, the present paper aims to track in some theoretical works the way in which consumption – as a social practice – has been strongly related to the emotions of the subjects. The expository strategy will be the following: in the first place a theoretical route is made that clears the consumption of the vital necessities and the idea of utility. Secondly, we consider the works of Erich Fromm (2013) and the paper of Colin Campbell (1983), in whose developments the emotions present a central place in connection with economic and social processes. Thirdly, – approaching to a current perspective – we try to describe some aspects of >consumption man of the 21st century< (Scribano, 2015). Finally, some reflections will be made as a closure. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chadaeva, Irina A1 - et al., T1 - Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice JF - Frontiers in Genetics, Vol. 10, No. 73 (2019), pp. 1-16. [Online ISSN 1664-8021] [doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00073] N2 - [...] On this basis, we determined that 231 human genes under study are subject to natural selection against under expression (significance p < 0.0005), which equally supports the human tendencies in domination and subordination such as the norm of a reaction (plasticity) of the human social hierarchy. These findings explain vertical transmission of domination and subordination traits previously observed in rodent models. Thus, the results of this study equally support both sides of the century-old unsettled scientific debate on whether both aggressiveness and the social hierarchy among humans are inherited (as suggested by Freud and Lorenz) or are due to non-genetic social education, when the children are influenced by older individuals across generations (as proposed by Berkowitz and Fromm). Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Christian, Ben T1 - Die Flucht ins Postfaktische: Von der Selbst-Verleugnung zur Welt-Verleugnung JF - Soziologiemagazin: publizieren statt archivieren, Vol. 12, No. 2 (2019), PP. 19-31. N2 - Das Phänomen des Postfaktischen lässt sich in Anlehnung an Erich Fromm als einen modernen Fluchtmechanismus verstehen. Es handelt sich beim Postfaktischen um eine Flucht vor der Freiheit – eine Flucht vor dem freien und eigenständigen Denken und Handeln, dem sich das Individuum in der Moderne entziehen möchte, weil es sich selbst als ohnmächtig wahrnimmt. Allerdings unterscheidet sich diese Flucht von den bei Fromm noch als dominant beschriebenen Fluchtmechanismen ins Autoritäre bzw. Konformistische. Im Unterschied zu diesen ist die Flucht ins Postfaktische nicht mehr dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich das Individuum der Welt anpasst und unterwirft – vielmehr wird stattdessen die Welt angepasst und dem Selbst unterworfen. Ähnlich der Selbst-Verleugnung bei Fromm ist auch diese Welt-Verleugnung Symptom einer gestörten Welt-Selbst-Beziehung, die zu problematisieren ist. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ghabr, Luai Khazal T1 - (Man is Moral Being: Social-Psychological Reflections - Arabic). JF - Journal of Contemporary Islamic Issues, Vol. V (2019), pp. 71-72 and 192-220. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ghabr, Luai Khazal T1 - (Religion between Rational and Irrational Faith: Social Psychoanalysis vision - Arabic). Lecture presented in the Iraqi Association for Political Psychology, 2019. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ghabr, Luai Khazal T1 - (Religion, Man and Society in Fromm's Critical Humanism Philosophy - Arabic). Paper presented at the philosophical conference in Iraq, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 2019. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dahmen, Marius T1 - The Ambivalence of Emancipation Psychoanalysis between Functional Integration and Dialectical Negativity in US Sociological Theories, post-WWII. Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Philosophie am Fachbereich Politik- und Sozialwissenschaften der Freien Universität Berlin 2019, 312 pp. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dai, Xiofeng T1 - On the Predicaments and Salvation of Modern People in >Never Let Me Go< from Fromm's Humanistic Perspective [弗洛姆人本主义视角下《别让我走》中现代人的困境和救赎探析], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Autonomous Region, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 《别让我走》是2017年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者石黑一雄的第五部小说,讲述了克隆人从出生、上学、工作到>自愿<走向手术台献出生命的故事。小说本身是人类真实生活的寓言,克隆人可以说是生活在高科技时代现代人的化身。石黑一雄以克隆人的生活状态和群体命运作为隐喻,探寻了现代人的生存困境。本文采用埃里希·弗洛姆>人的异化<、>逃避自由机制<、>社会性格<和>社会无意识<等理论观点,分析了现代人生存困境的现象、原因,并且提出了积极面对困境之道,以期对人们重新认识自我价值、更好的应对生活中不可避免的困境提供一定的借鉴意义。首先,本文从两个层面指出了现代人的生存困境:现代人身体上被监视、被孤立;精神上异化、迷。其次,本文进一步分析了生存困境产生的原因,其中涉及异化和爱的缺失如何导致现代人的孤独与迷茫,>社会过滤器<如何筛选有益于社会稳定的思想因子进而使其成为>社会无意识<,以及>社会性格<如何代替个人做出有利于集体的决定。最后本文从社会和个人两方面提出可能的解决之道:一方面,现代人应该通过进行激烈的社会变革从而获取自治权和直接管理权,获得身体上的自由;另一方面通过爱的教育以及从事生产性的活动使得现代人重获精神上的自由。通过对《别让我走》中克隆群体悲剧的解析,本文探索了现代人物质和精神的双重困境,具有现实意义:帮助现代人正视科技大爆发所带来的问题,找到走出困境、获得精神上救赎的方法。 N2 - >Never Let Me Go< is the fifth novel by Kazuo Ishiguro, the winner of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Literature, which tells the story of clones from birth, school, work to >voluntarily< giving up their lives on the operating table. The novel itself is an allegory of real human life, and the clone can be said to be the embodiment of modern man living in the age of high technology. Kazuo Ishiguro uses the living condition and fate of clones as a metaphor to explore the predicament of modern human existence. This paper adopts Erich Fromm's theories of >human alienation<, >escape from freedom mechanisms<, >social character< and >social unconsciousness< to analyze the plight of modern man. The paper analyzes the phenomenon and causes of modern people's existential dilemmas, and proposes positive ways to face the dilemmas, in order to provide people with a certain reference to reconceptualize their self-worth and better cope with the inevitable dilemmas in life. Firstly, this paper points out the existential dilemma of modern people from two levels: modern people are physically watched and isolated, and spiritually alienated and lost. Secondly, the paper further analyzes the causes of the existential dilemma, including how alienation and the lack of love lead to the loneliness and confusion of modern people, how the >social filter< filters the factors of thought that are beneficial to social stability and thus make them >socially unconscious<, and how the >social character< is a part of the >social personality< and how >social character< replaces the individual in making decisions for the benefit of the collective. The paper concludes by suggesting possible solutions for both society and the individual: on the one hand, modern man should gain physical freedom through radical social change in order to obtain autonomy and direct management rights; on the other hand, modern man should regain spiritual freedom through education in love and productive activities. Through the analysis of the tragedy of the cloning group in >Never Let Me Go<, this paper explores the double dilemma of modern man's material and spirituality, which has practical significance: to help modern man face up to the problems brought about by the explosion of technology, and to find the way to get out of the dilemma and obtain spiritual salvation. . [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2021] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lerner, Paul T1 - GermanJews betweenFreud,Marx, andHalakha: Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Erich Fromm, and the Psychoanalysis of Jewish Ritual in 1920s Heidelberg JF - Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, Vol. 64, pp. 219-238. N2 - This essay explores the psychoanalytic sanitarium (Therapeutikum) directed by Frieda Fromm-Reichmann and Erich Fromm in Heidelberg from 1924 to 1928. The Therapeutikum aimed to combine adherence to Jewish ritual with psychoanalytic practice and radical politics for a group of GermanJews who were rethinking their Orthodox backgrounds in light of new intellectual and political currents and modern sensibilities. Visitors to the sanitarium included many leading German-Jewish thinkers, and Heidelberg’s proximity to Frankfurt placed the Therapeutikum in the orbit of the Institute for Social Research and near a major hub in the renaissance of Jewish learning then occurring. At the centre of the article is a discussion of essays by Fromm-Reichmann and Fromm that subjected Jewish ritual (kashrut and shabbat) to psychoanalytic investigation. Appearing in Imago in 1927, the articles marked the two writers’ public break with Orthodox Judaism. This essay argues that the Imago articles marked a crucial moment in the political, intellectual, and religious history of German Jewry. Even if the Fromms’ synthesis of Freudianism, radical politics, andJudaism was conceptually shaky, their sanitarium illustrates the centrality of psychoanalysisças a sensibility, a hermeneutic and above all away of creating social and communal bondsçto a generation of GermanJews navigating the challenges of German and Jewish modernity. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harris, N. T1 - Reconstructing Erich Fromm’s ‘pathology of normalcy’: Transcending the recognition-cognitive paradigm in the diagnosis of social pathologies JF - Social Science Information, Vol. 58, pp. 714-733. N2 - Erich Fromm’s analysis of >pathological normalcy< offers promising social-theoretical resources to help transcend the contemporary, >domesticated<, diagnosis of social pathologies. This article commences by briefly tracing the numerous limitations of the current orthodoxy, epitomised by the recognition-cognitive >pathologies of recognition< approach. A sympathetic reconstruction of Erich Fromm’s diagnosis of pathological normalcy is then presented as a promising palliative. The strengths of Fromm’s social-theoretical framework are then outlined: Fromm’s scholarship presents a structure through which objectively inadequate and contradictory social conditions can be diagnosed, while emphasizing their important connections to the social-psychological pathologies which sustain them. The efficacy of Fromm’s approach is then defended against post-modern and social-constructivist critiques. This article thus supports the rehabilitation of Fromm’s work within the sociological mainstream as an important antidote to the ‘domesticated’ framing of social pathology which continues to dominate contemporary scholarship. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Xiaohan T1 - Fromm's >Western Marxist< Dialogue – Between Freud and Marx [弗洛姆式的>西马<对话——在弗洛伊德与马克思之间] JF - Foreign Philosophy [外国哲学], No. 2 (2019), pp. 89-119. N2 - 弗洛姆的>西马<对话完成于对弗洛伊德和马克思的比较和综合。他认真分析了弗洛伊德和马克思的共同思想原则与研究方法,在不同性质和品质的学术理论之间奠定两者的对话基础。他深入聚焦了弗洛伊德和马克思的共同问题意识,在两者的理论开展和交融中洞见优秀的思想成果、批判精神与理论不足。他严肃汲取了弗洛伊德和马克思的思想资源,创造性地提出自己的>弗洛伊德式的马克思主义<。在西方,他以综合弗洛伊德和马克思的学说著称,是一个西方马克思主义者。 N2 - Fromm's >West-Marxian< dialogue is completed by a comparison and synthesis between Freud and Marx. He carefully analyses the common ideological principles and research methods of Freud and Marx, laying the foundations for a dialogue between the two academic theories of different nature and quality. He focuses in depth on the common problematic consciousness of Freud and Marx, and provides insights into the excellent intellectual achievements, critical spirit and theoretical shortcomings in the theoretical development and convergence of the two. He draws seriously on the intellectual resources of Freud and Marx, and creatively presents his own >Freudian Marxism< In the West, he is known as a Western Marxist for his synthesis of Freud's and Marx's theories. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Shaowei T1 - We need more beauty [我们需要更多的美] JF - World View [看世界], No. 3 (2019), p. 7. N2 - >一个人可以仰视星辰乃至太阳,何至于竟喜欢小块珠宝的闪闪微光。< 这是托马斯·莫尔在《乌托邦》一书中的经典话语。这句话是借乌托邦人之口说出来的,也就是说,他描述的是一种理想的人。作为社会主义还处于空想时代的思想先驱,莫尔爵士已经意识到眼前的社会生活是有问题的。这种问题,后来经过黑格尔、马克思、弗洛伊德、弗洛姆等大思想家的不断深入思索,定义为人的异化。 N2 - >How can a man look up to the stars and even to the sun and love the shimmer of a small piece of jewelry?< These are the classic words of Thomas More in his book >Utopia<. These words are spoken by the mouth of a utopian, that is to say, he describes an ideal man. As a pioneer in the age of socialism, Sir More was already aware that there was something wrong with the social life at hand. This problem was later defined as the alienation of human beings through the continuous deep thinking of great thinkers such as Hegel, Marx, Freud and Fromm. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yang T1 - Escapism in Jonathan Franzen’s Freedom [乔纳森·弗兰岑《自由》中的逃避主义], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 评论家及学者对乔纳森·弗兰岑及其作品的关注与日俱增,一度引发>弗兰岑热<。作为弗兰岑的代表作之一,《自由》(2010)探讨了诸如自由、环境保护、战争、人口过剩等关乎人类生存发展的重要问题。国内外有关《自由》的研究已取得一定成果,但关于该小说逃避主题的研究有待进一步深入。基于埃里希·弗罗姆及段义孚关于>逃避<的研究思想,本文拟从逃避自由、逃避现实与逃避动物性三个方面对该小说中的逃避主义进行深入的分析与研究。分析人类所面临的自由困境及积极自由的实现,阐释逃避现实的双重内涵,并探讨道德与人性在规避动物性方面的重要意义,最后指出《自由》中的逃避不仅仅只是消极逃避,也是一种积极的回归与自我实现的方式。论文分为六个章节。第一章,引言,主要对与作家作品相关的背景进行简单介绍,梳理国内外已有的研究成果,并指出论文的研究目的与研究意义。第二章,理论框架。主要对埃里希·弗罗姆的《逃避自由》及段义孚的《逃避主义》进行介绍,并梳理出有关逃避的主要准则,为论文第三章至第五章是论文的主体分析部分。在第三章,从权威主义与破坏分析探讨了逃避自由。在第四章,从迁移与想象分析探讨逃避现实。在第五章,从规避动物性与呼吁人性分析探讨了逃避动物性。第六章,结语。归纳总结逃避主义在该小说中的体现,点明逃避在该小说中的复杂性及积极意义。 N2 - Critics’ and scholars’ increasing interest in Jonathan Franzen leads to the Jonathan Franzen craze. As one of Jonathan Franzen’s representative works, >Freedom< (2010), discusses important issues such as freedom, environmental protection, war, and overpopulation. Foreign and domestic studies on Freedom have made some fruitful achievements, while a further study on the theme of escapism in Freedom is needed and necessary. With Erich Fromm’s and Yi-Fu Tuan’s ideas about escape as theoretical framework, the thesis attempts to explore the escapism in Freedom from three aspects including escape from freedom, escape from reality, and escape from animality, analyzes modern men’s dilemma in face of freedom and how to achieve positive freedom, elucidates double implications of escaping from reality, and discusses the significance of morality and humanity in escaping animality. The thesis concludes that escape is not just a passive response to life but a positive way to return and fulfill self-realization. The thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter one mainly introduces background information about Jonathan Franzen and his works, reviews previous studies, and states research objectives and significance. Chapter two is about theoretical framework, in which Erich Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< and Yi-Fu Tuan’s >Escapism< are introduced. In this part, major principles of escape are summarized on the basis of Fromm’s and Yi-Fu Tuan’s ideas about escape, which provide a theoretical framework for the thesis. The major analysis is from chapter three to chapter five. In chapter three, escape from freedom is analyzed from authoritarianism and destructiveness. In chapter four, escape from reality is discussed from migration and imagination. In chapter five, escape from animality is analyzed from rejection of animal desire and embracing humanity. Chapter six is conclusion. This chapter summarizes representations of escapism in Freedom and highlights the complexity and positive meanings of escape in the novel. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carvalho, Salo de T1 - Erich Fromm e a Crítica da Pena: Aproximações entre psicanálise e criminologia desde a Teoria Crítica da Sociedad [Erich Fromm and the Critique of Punishment: Intertwining between sychoanalysis and criminology from the Society Critical Theory] [Erich Fromm y la Crítica de la Pena: Aproximaciones entre psicanálisis crimonogía desde la Teoriá Crítica da Sociedad] JF - Direito – Revista Eletrônica do Curso de Direito da UFSM, Vol. 14, No. 3 (2019), pp. 1-40. [Online ISSN 1981-3694] [doi.org/10.5902/1981369437766] N2 - O ensaio objetiva explorar a obra criminológica de Erich Fromm, fundamentalmente estabelecer parâmetros conceituais para análise e crítica das tradicionais teorias de legitimação da pena a partir da abordagem dialética e interdisciplinar fornecida pela teoria crítica da sociedade. Fromm, ao enlaçar a criminologia (sociologia do desvio e do controle social) à psicanálise e ao questionar, desde fora do direito penal, as funções declaradas da sanção penal nas sociedades contemporâneas, permite redimensionar e atualizar as indagações sobre a funcionalidade do sistema de justiça criminal, mais especificamente sobre os efeitos concretos que a pena produz na prevenção do crime. Neste sentido, a presente investigação é dividida em duas partes: (primeira) a exploração das condições epistemológicas e metodológicas do diálogo entre criminologia e psicanálise; e (segunda) o questionamento dos discursos oficiais de justificação da pena na modernidade. N2 - The essay aims to explore the criminological work of Erich Fromm, in particular to establish conceptual parameters for the analysis and critique of the traditional theories of the legitimation of the punishment, adopting a dialectical and interdisciplinary approach from the critical theory of society. Fromm, by intertwining criminology (deviance sociology and social control) and psychoanalysis, and by questioning the functions of punishment in contemporary societies from outside the criminal law field, develops and allows a new set of inquiries about the functionality of the criminal justice, particularly regarding the concrete effects of punishment on crime prevention. In this sense, the present investigation is divided into two parts: firstly, the analysis of the epistemological and methodological conditions of the dialogue between criminology and psychoanalysis; and secondly the questioning of official discourses on the justification of punishment in contemporary societies. N2 - El ensayo pretende explorar la obra criminológica de Erich Fromm, fundamentalmente establecer algunos parámetros conceptuales para el análisis y crítica de las tradicionales teorías de legitimación de la pena a partir del abordaje dialéctico e interdisciplinario de la teoria crítica de la sociedad. En el caso de las sociedades contemporáneas, permite al redimensionamiento y una actualización de las indagaciones sobre la funcionalidad del sistema de justicia penal, más específicamente sobre los efectos concretos que la pena produce en la prevención del crimen. En este sentido, la presente investigación se divide en dos partes: (primera) la explotación de las condiciones epistemológicas y metodológicas del diálogo entre criminología y psicoanálisis; y (segunda) el cuestionamiento de los discursos oficiales de justificación de la pena en la modernidad. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cawood, Helen-Mary T1 - Fromm’s ethic of solidarity and the potential for critical communitarianism JF - South African Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 38, No. 2 (2019), pp. 166-179. [Online ISSN 2073-4867] [doi.org/10.1080/02580136.2019.1625187] N2 - It can be (and has been) claimed that one of the central thematic concerns in Erich Fromm’s immense body of critical work is the exposition of a new >radical< humanist ethic, based upon the normative foundations of human solidarity/relatedness and love. The role of community in this ethic is vital, as Fromm argues for the existence of an intrinsically human need for belonging and communion. According to Fromm, the breakdown of traditional societies in modernity and the adoption of strong anti-traditionalist paradigms in both liberalism and Marxism has paradoxically led to the desire in the contemporary individual to >escape< this freedom, too often resulting in an uncritical adoption of what Eric Hobsbawm calls >invented traditions< in order to rediscover a shared sense of humankind. This article therefore contends that 1) Fromm advocates a form of >critical communitarianism<; and 2) that critical communitarianism can provide a strong foundation for an ethical confrontation with neoliberal modernity, and thereby a reconsidered form of community through human solidarity. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yingying A1 - Gao, Lixin T1 - Seeking >Positive Freedom< from Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< — The Phenomenon of College Students’ Mobile Phone Dependence as an Example [从弗洛姆的“逃避自由”中寻找“积极自由”—以大学生手机依赖现象为例] JF - Journal of Yangling Vocational & Technical College [杨凌职业技术学院学报], No. 4 (2019), pp. 29-32. N2 - 随着互联网的飞速发展和社会信息的快速更新,智能手机持续的更新换代和广泛的普及使用使得当代大学生成为了其学习和生活的最佳受益者,但也随之出现了一种令人欲罢不能的手机依赖现象,对于这一现象的分析和解决可以借鉴埃里希•弗洛姆的>逃避自由<理论,深度剖析大学生手机依赖现象的原因,从而寻找到有效的解决策略。 N2 - With the rapid development of the Internet and the update of social information, the continuous upgrading and widespread use of smart phones have made contemporary college students the best beneficiaries in their study and life, but there has also been an unstoppable phenomenon of mobile phone dependence. With the help of Fromm’s theory of >Escape from Freedom< we made in-depth analysis of the reasons of this phenomenon and found an effective strategy. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yiwei T1 - On Fromm's Inheritance and Development of Marx's Theory of >Differentiated Labor< [论弗洛姆对马克思“异化劳动”理论的继承与发展] JF - Modern Business Trade Industry [现代商贸工业], No. 17 (2019), pp. 132-134. N2 - 马克思通过对自由资本主义时期劳动关系的研究,提出异化劳动这一崭新概念,并通过这一视阈把握人的自我异化与阶级之间以及私有财产的关系。生活在资本主义垄断时期的弗洛姆则在继承马克思理论的基础上,从心理异化、全面异化等视角进行探究。在研究方法和异化理论方面都进行了发展,提出现代资本主义社会中存在的异化在本质是人的自我异化,探寻使社会克服异化走向健全的有效路径,至今仍具有启示意义。 N2 - Through the study of labor relations in the period of liberal capitalism, Marx proposed a new concept of alienated labor, and through this perspective, grasped the relationship between human self-alienation and class and private property. From the inheritance of Marx's theory, Fromm, who lived in the capitalist monopoly period, explored from the perspectives of psychological alienation and total alienation. Both the research methods and the theory of alienation have been developed. It is proposed that the alienation in modern capitalist society is the alienation of human beings, and the effective path to overcome the alienation and perfection of society is still enlightening. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yuhong T1 - A Tragedy Caused by Loneliness: An Interpretation of >Hedda Gabler< in Light of Fromm’s Psychoanalytical Theories [孤独酿就的悲剧——易卜生《海达•高布乐》的弗洛姆式阐释] JF - Journal of Jingchu University of Technology [荆楚理工学院学报], No. 4 (2019), pp. 14-17. N2 - 易卜生《海达•高布乐》的女主角海达的人生悲剧表面上看是父权制文化以及其高傲倔强、追求诗性生活的性格造成的,但从弗洛姆心理分析维度探测海达令人费解的行为背后深层次的心理动机,可以发现海达的怪异行为源自内心无法排遣的孤独。得不到缓解的孤独产生了一股不可遏制的破坏力,毁灭他人的同时也导致了海达的自我毁灭。海达的人生悲剧体现了易卜生对个人如何对待个体化孤独问题的思考,对为孤独所困的现代人具有重要的启示意义。 N2 - The tragedy of the life of Ibsen's heroine >Hedda Gabler<, Hedda, is ostensibly caused by patriarchal culture and her arrogant and pursuit of poetic life, but from Fromm's psychology By analyzing the deep psychological motivation behind Hedda's puzzling behavior in the analysis dimension, we can find that Hedda's strange behavior originates from loneliness that cannot be dispatched from the heart. The loneliness that cannot be alleviated has an irresistible destructive power, which destroys others and also causes Hedda's self-destruction. Hedda's life tragedy reflects Ibsen's thinking on how individuals treat individualized loneliness. It has important implications for modern people trapped by loneliness. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zheng, Jiangli T1 - On the Dual Personality in Shusaku Endo’s Works >Scandal<, >Evil Spirit<, >Deep River< as Examples [论远藤周作作品中的双重人格 - 以《丑闻》《恶灵》《深河》为例], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2019 [application of Fromm's therories to art]. N2 - 远藤周作(1923—1996)是日本当代著名的基督教作家。他的作品以艺术形式探讨神与人、信仰与人生、死与生等宗教主题,其长篇小说中的人物形象亦呈现出立体而复杂矛盾的性格特点。本文选取远藤周作的三部长篇小说《丑闻》《恶灵》及代表作《深河》为中心文本,试图以心理学的角度去阐释小说中人物的>双重人格<,揭示个体心理潜伏的阴暗欲望的表现和危害,进而探讨人物的救赎问题。论文首先分析作品中具有双重人格的四个人物形象:《丑闻》《深河》中共同具有>天使<与>恶魔<复杂人格的两位女性>万里子<和<美津子<;《丑闻》中所谓的>圣徒作家<胜吕本质上是一个经常出入色情场所的下流之徒;《恶灵》中利用>天使<面孔去引诱他人作恶、犯罪的>恶灵<南条英子。其次运用现代心理学理论探讨>双重人格<形成的原因。个体为了更好地在社会上生存,往往隐藏和压抑内心中阴暗、丑陋的欲望,即荣格所说的>阴影面<,向社会展现出美好的一面,这便形成了>双重人格<。三部小说中双重人格人物的>阴影面<与弗洛姆提出的>衰败综合症<中的>恋死<相关,因此结合文本加以分析。此外,在文学层面上,以莫里亚克作品中对罪与恶的理解,陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中复杂的人性来阐述其对远藤作品的影响。最后通过人物的命运走向探寻救赎之路。小说中的人物在>光<与>河<中认识了自我,灵魂得到净化,重新找寻到了人生的价值和意义。其中,>光<与>河<象征着给人拯救的>爱<。但是,仅凭被动地接受>爱<是不够的,个体还需要有>直面自我的勇气<,才能获得真正的救赎。远藤周作敏锐地看到了现代人为能够更好地在社会中生存,不得不压抑内心真实的欲望,以此符合社会的标准和期待,造成精神枯竭、破裂的问题。通过双重人格艺术形象的塑造,远藤试图告诉我们:个体要勇于发现内心隐藏的欲望,认识真实的自我,才能实现精神的统一和完整,从而达到荣格所说的>重返精神家园<。 N2 - Shusaku Endo (1923–1996) is a famous contemporary Christian writer in Japan. The biggest feature of his works is that he is good at exploring religious themes such as God and man, faith and life, death and life. The characters in his novels present complex contradictory character characteristics. This essay selects the three novels >Scandal<, >Evil Spirit< and the representative work >Deep River< of Shusaku Endo as the central text, tries to explain the >dual personality< of the characters in the novel from the perspective of psychology, reveals their latent dark desires and dangers, and the question of redemption. The thesis first analyzes the four characters with dual personality in the works: The >Scandal< and >Deep River<, the two women >Mariko< and >Mitsuko<, who have the complex personality of >angel< and >devil<; the so-called >Saint Writer< Suguro in the Scandal, is essentially a vulgar person who often goes into pornography; the >evil spirit< Nanjyou Eiko uses the >angel-like< face to lure others to commit crimes and do evil. Secondly, modern psychology theory is used to explore the reasons for the formation of >dual personality<. In order to survive better in society, individuals often hide and suppress the dark and ugly desires in the heart, that is, the >shadow< that Jung said, showing a beautiful side to the society, which forms a >dual personality<. The >shadow< of the dual personality characters in the three novels is related to >love death< in the >decline syndrome< proposed by Fromm, so it is combined with the text to analyze. In addition, on the literary level, the understanding of sin and evil in Mauriac’s works, the complex humanity in Dostojevsky’s novels explains its influence on Endo’s works. Finally, through the fate of the characters, explore the road to redemption. The characters in the novel know themselves in >light< and >river<, the soul is purified, and the value and meaning of life are re-finished. Among them, >light< and >river< symbolize the >love< that saves people. However, it is not e-nough to passively accept >love<. Individuals also need to have >the courage to face themselves< in order to obtain real salvation. Shusaku Endo keenly saw that modern people can survive in society better and have to suppress their inner desires in order to meet the standards and expectations of society and cause problems of mental exhaustion and breakdown. Through the shaping of the dual personality image, Endo tries to tell us that the individual must be brave enough to discover the hidden desires of the heart and understand the true self in order to realize the unity and integrity of the spirit, thus achieving the >return of spiritual home< that Jung said. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zou, Hong T1 - An Interpretation of Fromm's Sound Social Philosophy [弗洛姆的健全社会哲学思想解读] JF - Northern Literature [北方文学], No. 32 (2019), pp. 162-163. N2 - 弗洛姆通过剖析西方现代人异化的生存状态,批判了资本主义制度下重占有的生存方式。同时,弗洛姆提出构建重生存的健全社会以帮助现代人实现积极自由的生存状态。 N2 - Fromm analyzes the alienated living conditions of modern western people, and criticizes the survival mode of heavy possession under the capitalist system. At the same time, Fromm proposed to build a healthy society that re-exists to help modern people achieve a positive and free existence. [Automatic translation Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tao, Shuang T1 - The True Meaning of Love from >The Art of Loving< [从《爱的艺术》领悟爱的真谛] JF - New West [新西部], No. 3 (2019), pp. 104-105. N2 - 本文解读了美籍徳裔社会心理学家弗洛姆的《爱的艺术》。文章从弗洛姆的>爱情<理论、爱的对象及步骤和爱的实践要求等方面,指出爱情不再是只局限于指向男女之间的性别之爱,而是应该领悟爱的真正含义,进而引起大家的深刻思考。 N2 - This article interprets the >Art of Lovinglove< theory of Fromm, the object and steps of love, and the practical requirements of love, the article points out that love is no longer limited to the gender love between men and women, but should understand the true meaning of love. Inspired by everyone's deep thinking […]. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tropico, James Robert T1 - Erich Fromm, https://independent.academia.edu/JamesRobertTropico Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Széll, György T1 - Homo sapiens demens JF - Latenz - Journal für Philosophie und Gesellschaft, Vol. 4: Der künstliche Mensch, Mössingen (Talheimer Verlag) 2010, pp. 117-138. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tan, Silei T1 - Research on Innovative Design of Traditional Folk Art Products from the Perspective of Sustainability [可持续视角下的传统民艺产品创新设计研究], Master thesis, Design Art, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China, 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 中国传统民间技艺产品是民族文化重要的组成内容,传统民间技艺产品的多样性体现了中华民族深厚的文化内涵和底蕴。当下,社会的发展逐渐从工业时代向后工业时代转变,可持续发展理念已经深入人心,并在全球范围内得到了广泛的认同,现代文明由物质文明转向非物质文明。在这样的时代背景下,优秀的传统民间技艺产品在漫长的传承过程中,不仅包含了劳动人民的智慧结晶,而且也为不同地区经济的发展注入了新的发展资本。佛洛姆(Erich Fromm)认为,人们应当抵制重占有的价值观念,发展重可持续生存的价值观念,方能丰富自己的精神家园。其观点与中国传统民间技艺产品造物理念有着异曲同工之处,传统民间技艺产品崇尚自然、天人合一、朴素节俭、重视感情等观念,这些观念有助于人与自然的和谐共生,同时体现了物为我用、以人为中心的传统哲学思想。我们需要从可持续发展的视角出发,对原有的传统民间技艺产品进行再设计,通过将其与现代工艺相结合、材料转换设计、价值内核的营销、品牌建设等方法,重新融入人们的日常生活中,是实现传统民间技艺可持续发展和生态环境可持续发展的有效途径。本文重点探讨了传统民间技艺产品创新设计的方法,以及对其进行可持续发展的有效途径,建设性地分析了现代社会中可持续设计与传统民间技艺产品造物理念的启承关系,对现代消费者由物质主义到后物质主义回归理性的消费方式有着积极的启迪作用。在人与物的关系上,使人在设计中处于主导地位。提出通过对传统民间技艺产品创新设计的体验性以及趣味性、情感性、自然性、科技性原则达到人性的关怀。同时,通过尊重地域性原则、与自然的和谐共处,实现对传统民间技艺的活态传承。在现代消费市场的背景下,通过互联网新媒体的宣传、博物馆活态展示和互动体验、发展文创产业等方法,建立可持续传统民间技艺产品消费行为习惯,提升文化自信,更有益于社会、经济、自然的可持续发展。最后通过介绍杭州>品物流形<(产品设计公司)与传统民间技艺产品创新设计再造实践方案,进一步完善理论与实践体系。从而形成一套完整的可持续视角下的传统民间技艺产品创新设计策略。 N2 - Chinese traditional folk art products are an important component of national culture. The diversity of traditional folk art products reflects the profound cultural connotation and heritage of the Chinese nation. At present, the development of society has gradually changed from the industrial era to the post-industrial era. The concept of sustainable development has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and has been widely applied on a global scale, from material civilization to non-material civilization. In this era, the excellent traditional folk art products not only contain the wisdom of the working people, but also inject new development capital into the economic development of different regions. In addition, it can effectively meet the needs of people’s spiritual world. Erich Fromm believes that people should resist the values of heavy possession and develop the values of sustainable living in order to enrich their spiritual home. Its concept is similar to the traditional Chinese folk art product creation concept. The traditional folk art products advocate the concept of nature, harmony between man and nature, simplicity and frugality, and emphasizing feelings. These concepts help people and nature coexist harmoniously. It embodies the traditional philosophical thoughts that things use for me and are people-centered. Therefore, from the perspective of sustainable development, through the redesign of the original traditional folk art products, it will be reintegrated into people’s daily life by combining it with modern technology, material conversion, value core marketing, brand building and other methods. It is an effective way to achieve the sustainable development of traditional folk art and the sustainable development of the ecological environment. This paper focuses on the innovative design methods of traditional folk art products and the effective ways to carry out sustainable development. It constructively analyzes the relationship between sustainable design and traditional folk art products in modern society. From materialism to post-materialism, the return to rational consumption has a positive enlightenment. In the relationship between people and things, people are in a dominant position in design. It is proposed to achieve care for humanity through the experience of the innovative design of traditional folk art products and the principles of fun, affection, nature and science and technology. At the same time, by respecting the principle of regionality, harmonious coexistence with nature, and achieving lively inheritance, in the context of the modern consumer market, through the promotion of new media on the Internet, live display of museums and interactive experiences, development of cultural and creative industries, etc. Sustainable consumption of traditional folk art products, creating a high degree of cultural self-confidence, is more conducive to the sustainable development of society, economy and nature. Finally, through the introduction of Hangzhou >product logistics< (product design company) traditional folk art product innovation design re-engineering practice project, further enrich the theory and practice system. Thus, a complete set of innovative design strategies for traditional folk art products under a sustainable perspective is formed. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tang, Li T1 - >Lonely Hunter<: The Loneliness of the characters in White’s >A Glass of Tea< [>孤独的猎手<:怀特《一杯茶》中人物的孤独] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Yangtze River Series [长江丛刊], No. 14 (2019), pp. 8-9. N2 - 怀特的著名短篇小说集《烧伤的人》记叙了一系列异化的现代人,其中《一杯茶》借用一位中年希腊男子马里亚卡斯的视角,通过倾听耄耋老人菲里庇底斯爱情故事,揭露以三位主人公为代表的现代人的孤独症候。本文借助弗洛姆的孤独理论,消解三位主人公的孤独成因,并升华小说的现实意义。 N2 - White's famous short story collection >The Burned Ones< describes a series of alienated modern people, in which >A Glass of Tea< borrows the perspective of a middle-aged Greek man Malliakas, by listening to the old man Philippides’ love story reveals the autism of modern people represented by three protagonists. This article relies on Fromm's theory of loneliness to dispel the loneliness of the three protagonists and to sublimate the practical significance of the novel. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tang, Yongbo T1 - The Research on Fromm’s View of Freedom [弗洛姆自由观研究], Master thesis, Ideological and Political Education, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China 2019. N2 - 自古以来,自由一直是人们追求的目标和探索的话题,人对自由的追求和向往是推动社会发展和进步的动力。弗洛姆从现实出发,在批判地继承前人思想的基础上,通过对现代人追求自由又逃避自由的生存境遇的论述,揭示了逃避自由的心理机制并试图找到解决人类两难境遇的办法。弗洛姆自由思想既离不开他的独特经历,也与时代背景有关。前者主要指压抑困惑的童年,后者包括两次世界大战及美苏争霸、资本主义经济危机与复苏、纳粹主义和法西斯主义的影响等。从理论渊源来说,弗洛伊德的精神分析理论、马克思主义异化理论及人的自由全面发展理论、犹太文化的传统等都对弗洛姆自由观的产生有较大影响。弗洛姆的自由观从历史和心理两方面分析了处于实践活动中的个人,从追求自由走向逃避自由的过程。从历史角度看,自由与人类社会并存并不断发展。从心理角度看,随着政治和经济的发展,现代人在心理上日趋孤独和无助,在追求自由的同时陷入到逃避自由的困境中,并出现了施虐倾向与受虐倾向、破坏欲和机械趋同三种逃避自由的心理机制。要想从根本上解决人逃避自由的窘境,把人们从异化中解放出来,需要通过爱和创造性的劳动抛弃消极自由并达到积极自由的存在状态,通过实行社会主义公有制、建立全民参与的民主制度和人道主义文化价值观,对经济、政治和文化教育进行改革,建立健全的社会最终达到人的自由而全面的发展。弗洛姆的自由观在一定程度上拓宽了自由的视域,加深了对自由的理解,但夸大了人的心理作用,具有一定的唯心主义倾向。因为忽视了社会生产关系的影响,注定了其改革方案的不彻底。即便如此,弗洛姆的自由观提供了分析和解决社会问题的新视角,对于构建社会主义核心价值观与和谐社会具有重要的启示意义。 N2 - Freedom is the theme that people have been trying to pursue in old times. People’s desire for pursuing and dreaming of the freedom becomes the power to push forward the society to advance and progress. Fromm starts from reality and reveals the psychological mechanism of escaping freedom and tries to find a solution to the dilemma of human beings, which is on the basis of critically inheriting the thoughts of predecessors and through the discussion of modern people’s living situation of pursuing freedom and escaping freedom. Fromm’s view of freedom is not only inseparable from his unique experience, but also related to the background of the times. The former mainly refers to depressing confused childhood. The latter includes the two world wars, US-Soviet struggle for world hegemony, the capitalist economic crisis and recovery, the influence of Nazism and fascism and other major events. From the theoretical origins, Fromm’s view of freedom is greatly influenced by Freud’s psychoanalysis theory, Marxist alienation theory, Marxist theory of free and all-round development of human beings and the tradition of Jewish culture. Fromm’s view of freedom analyzes the process of individuals in practical activities from pursuing freedom to escaping freedom from both historical and psychological perspectives. From a historical point of view, freedom coexists and develops with human society. From the psychological point of view, with the development of politics and economy, modern people are becoming more and more lonely and helpless in psychology. While pursuing freedom, they are trapped in the predicament of escaping freedom. There are three psychological mechanisms of escaping freedom: tendency to abuse and tendency to be abused, destructive desire and mechanical convergence. In order to solve the dilemma of people escaping freedom and liberate people from alienation fundamentally, we need to abandon passive freedom through love and creative labor and achieve the existence of positive freedom. By carrying out socialist public ownership, establishing a democratic system with universal participation and humanistic cultural values, we need to reform economic, political and cultural education, so as to establish a sane society and ultimately achieve the free and comprehensive development of human beings. Fromm’s view of freedom inherits the practical spirit of Marxist view of freedom to a certain extent and broadens the understanding of freedom from the perspective of psychology. However, it exaggerates people’s psychological function and has a certain idealistic tendency. Because the influence of social production relations is neglected, the reform plan is doomed to be unsuccessful. Even so, Fromm’s view of freedom provides a new perspective to analyze and solve social problems. It also has important enlightenment significance for the construction of socialist core values and harmonious society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shunyi T1 - Expanding Writing Space With Classic Reading – A Comment on a 2018 College Entrance Examination [以经典阅读拓展写作空间——评一篇2018年高考上海卷佳作] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - National Excellent Composition (High School) [全国优秀作文选(高中)], No. 5 (2019), pp. 62-64. N2 - 2018年高考上海卷作文题生活中,人们不仅关注自身的需要,也时常渴望被他人需要,以体现自己的价值。这种>被需要<的心态普遍存在,对此你有怎样的认识?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的思考。要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。 N2 - In the life of the 2018 college entrance examination, people not only pay attention to their own needs, but also often desire to be needed by others to reflect their own value. This kind of >needed< mentality is universal, how do you know about it? Please write an article about your thinking. Requirements: (1) Self-study questions; (2) Not less than 800 words. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Tao T1 - Where Does Your View of Sex Come From [你的性爱观从何而来] JF - Marriage and Family 婚姻与家庭(婚姻情感版), No. 7 (2019), p. 38. N2 - 当你们的性爱出了异常,有没有想过原因可能出在原生家庭?为什么你有性洁癖?为什么你在性爱中容易紧张,无法全身心放松?为什么你越是吵架,越想做爱?这些异常,也许与你的原生家庭有关系。心理学家艾瑞克•弗洛姆说:>每个人生下来都是一粒种子,能够长成什么样,不仅受着内在的驱动,常常也和外界环境的影响有关系。<而父母对性的态度和观念,也会潜移默化地影响着我们。 N2 - When your sex is abnormal, have you ever thought that the reason may be in a native family? Why do you have sex? Why are you nervous in sex and unable to relax? Why are you more? Quarrel, the more you want to have sex? These anomalies may be related to your native family. Psychologist Eric Fromm said: >Every life is a seed, what it can grow, not only by the internal drive, but also by the influence of the external environment.< Sexual attitudes and attitudes will also affect us subtly. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yuan, Wenbin T1 - Three Faces of Marxist Philosophy of Language – Linguistic Production•Desire of Politics• Biopower [马克思主义语言哲学的三副面孔—语言生产•欲望政治•生物权力] JF - Foreign Languages Journal [外语学刊], No .3 (2019), pp. 1-6. N2 - 卢卡奇开辟的西方马克思主义道路为后来的马克思主义者提供智性动力,葛兰西、阿尔杜塞、普兰查斯、拉克劳和墨菲等将隐喻式的>基础—建筑<诠释为符号学意义上的语言生产模式。而法兰克福学派的赖希、马尔库塞和弗洛姆则将马克思主义和弗洛伊德主义结合起来,展开马克思主义语言哲学的欲望政治研究。想象一种语言就是想象一种生命,语言与生命须臾不可分离,后马克思主义者如阿甘本、哈特和奈格里等则将语言生产模式和欲望生产模式推进到生物生产模式,即考察后现代语境下人类社会的生命权力,甚至人体内部的生物权力。无论是语言生产还是欲望政治都是生命权力的外在表现形式,对身体从外到内或从身体到生命,即从生命权力到生物权力的范式转换,才是马克思主义语言哲学的终极关怀。 N2 - Lukács is a precursor of Western Marxism, which paved the intellectual way for the later Marxists. Gramsci, Althusser, Poulantzas and Laclau & Mouffe interpret the metaphorical >base-superstructure< in terms of paradigm of linguistic production towards the road to semiotics. Members of Frankfurt School such as Reich, Marcuse and Fromm combine Marxism with Freudism in order to establish a study of politics of desire conditioned by a Marxist philosophy of language. To imagine a language is to tantamount to imagining a life, so language and life cannot be separated. Post-Marxists, such as Agamben, Hardt & Negri, etc., promote linguistic production and politics of desire into a mode of biopower, and investigate the biopower from inside and outside the human body. Either linguistic production or politics of desire is nothing less than the outer form of biopower. The biopower from within and without, or from body to life, is the final care for Marxist philosophy of language. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Umrath, Barbara T1 - Geschlecht, Familie, Sexualität. Die Entwicklung der Kritischen Theorie aus der Perspektive sozialwissenschaftlicher Geschlechterforschung, Frankfurt und New York (Campus), 2019, 410 pp. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zepf, Siegfried A1 - Seel, Dietmar T1 - Do under-3s think of day-care centers as >home from homeSound Society<, Fromm presciently pointed out that not only individuals will have mental illness, but society as a whole will also get sick. And only when changes occur simultaneously in the economic, political, and cultural fields will this crisis be resolved and reach a truly sound society. Fromm's sound social theory has important implications for us to think about the current social psychological problems. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du Toit, J. T1 - Between Thanatos and Eros: Erich Fromm and the psychoanalysis of social networking technology use JF - South African Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 38, pp. 136-148. N2 - Social networking technologies have become a ubiquitous framework for social interaction, serving to organise much of the individual’s social life. Such technological structuring affects not merely the individual’s psyche (as a psycho- technics), it also affects broader aspects of society (as a socio-technics). While social networking technologies may serve to transform society in positive ways, such technologies also have the potential to significantly encroach upon and (re) construct individual and cultural meaning in ways that must be investigated. Erich Fromm, who psychoanalytically describes humans as a product of their society and the economic systems within that society, may provide insight into the influence of social networking technologies in contemporary society. He sees the relationship between the individual and society as being in a constant state of dynamic change. Utilising Fromm’s psycho-societal insight, social networking technologies are shown to conflate and confuse the relation between Thanatos and Eros – the Thanatos of a lifeless and consumerist agenda-filled mechanisation, and the Eros associated with social engagement. Thanatos and Eros are tied together via social networking technologies. This results in, firstly, social networking technologies functioning predominantly to further capitalist agendas through the monetisation of these technologies – particularly in terms of linking commodity fetishism and the foundational social drive of the individual. Secondly, social networking technologies mechanise human action according to predictable behavioural paths through the use of these technologies, especially in terms of how socialisation is possible via these technologies (shaping how platonic and romantic relationships may take place in the contemporary world). Such a mechanisation of interpersonal engagement contrasts with Erich Fromm’s assertion that interpersonal relations (vis-à-vis love) are not “mere emotion”, but rather represent an interpersonal creative capacity and interplay. Fromm’s psycho-societal insights will show how contemporary individuals may take independent and responsible rational action to establish accountable and psychologically beneficial ways of engaging with others through social networking technologies. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chen, Yanhong T1 - Modern Man’s Predicament and Salvation – Thematic Research on >Mr. Sammler's Planet< [现代人的困境与救赎 – 《赛姆勒先生的行星》的主题研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 索尔·贝娄是20世纪美国犹太裔作家,曾获得普利策奖、诺贝尔文学奖以及美国国家图书奖,被视为海明威与福克纳之后美国最著名的作家之一。贝娄作品运用独特的叙述手法表达对社会堕落的强烈批评,传达他对人类生存状态以及个体内心世界的深刻思考和人文关怀。《赛姆勒先生的行星》是贝娄的代表作之一,也是贝娄转折期的一部重要作品,1969年获美国国家图书奖。小说主人公赛姆勒先生在纽约三天生活的所见所闻所思再现了美国60年代社会的真实特征与状况。如同大多数现代人,赛姆勒先生与其他小说人物遭受了巨大的生存困境,但最终走出了困境。本文结合艾瑞克·弗洛姆的人本主义心理学与美国60年代的社会文化背景,探讨了现代社会里现代人的内在精神困境、外在生存困境以及实现救赎的途径,阐释了贝娄对现代人的人文关怀及其生存状态的严肃思考。本文主要由三部分组成:引言、主体、结论。引言部分主要介绍了索尔·贝娄及其作品,国内外《赛姆先生的行星》的研究状况以及本文的理论框架和结构安排。主体部分由三章组成。第一章分析了赛姆勒先生对异化与疏离的无奈、遭遇疯癫时的不安以及道德堕落时的焦虑,由此探讨了现代人的内在精神困境。第二章分析了赛姆勒先生所处的自然环境与社会环境、所遭遇的犯罪与暴力威胁以及人际关系异化与不和谐,由此探讨了现代人的外在生存困境。第三章分析了赛姆勒先生重获内心安抚与身份意识,给予青年一代爱与责任以及与喧嚣世界的和解,由此探讨了现代人的救赎之路。结论部分总结了本文的主要观点,即:作为现代人的代表,赛姆勒先生在遭遇内在心理困境与外在生存困境时努力寻找出路,最终走出困境,表明了现代人应该以积极与乐观的态度面对生活与未来,表达了贝娄对现代人及其生存境遇的人文关怀。 N2 - Saul Bellow, a Jewish American novelist who won the Pulitzer, the Nobel Prize for Literature and the National Book for Fiction in the 20th century, is regarded as one of the most renowned and significant writers of America after Ernest Hemingway and William Faulkner. Bellow applies his unique narratives in his works to express his strong condemnation of social depravity and convey his profound thinking and humanistic concern about human living conditions and the individual inner world. Winning American National Book Award in 1969, >Mr. Sammler’s Planet< is one of the masterpieces of Bellow, and an important work during Bellow’s turning period. The protagonist, Mr. Sammler, experiences a three-day life in New York, which represents a real situation of American society in the 1960 s. Just like most of the modern people, Mr. Sammler and other characters in the novel suffer from serious predicament, but finally get out of it. Based on Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychology, this thesis explores modern man’s mental predicament and living dilemma as well as subjective salvation in modern society by combining American social and cultural context in the 1960 s to illustrate Bellow’s humanistic concern for modern man and his deep thinking about living conditions. The thesis consists of three parts: the introduction, the body and the conclusion. The introduction provides an introduction of Saul Bellow and his representative works, a literature review of >Mr. Sammler’s Planet< both at home and abroad, the theoretical basis and the layout of this thesis. The body is made of three chapters.– The first chapter explores modern man’s mental predicament by analyzing Mr. Sammler’s helplessness in the face of alienation and isolation, his agony of suffering from madness and his anxiety of experiencing moral bankruptcy.– The second chapter mainly discusses modern man’s living dilemma in social life by analyzing the natural and social environments in which Mr. Sammler lives, his experience of suffering the threat of crimes and violence as well as his experience of alienation and disharmony of interpersonal relations.– The third chapter examines modern man’s salvation by analyzing how Mr. Sammler regains inner consultation and identity consciousness, embraces the young generation with love and responsibility, and reconciles himself with the chaotic world.– The conclusion part summarizes the main points of this thesis, arguing that as a representative of modern people, Mr. Sammler makes his efforts to seek salvation and gets out of trouble when suffering from mental predicament and living dilemma to reveal that modern man should maintain a positive and optimistic attitude toward life and future, which shows Bellow’s humanistic solicitude for modern people and their living circumstances. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fu, Ziping T1 - The Trap of Freedom: An Interpretation of >Revolutionary Road< from the Perspective of Fromm's Freedom [自由的陷阱:从弗洛姆自由观视角解读《革命之路》], Master thesis, Foreign Language and Literature (English Literature), Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 理查德·耶茨作为20世纪美国文学史上长期被忽略的的伟大作家之一,其作品的时代意义和独特思考发人深省。耶茨最为经典的的处女作《革命之路》,在1961年出版当年就获得美国国家图书奖提名,之后更是凭借电影版的获奖使得耶茨重新回归大众的视野。《革命之路》不仅冷酷地展现了自然主义者悲观宿命论式的世界观,而且用最真实的笔触揭露现世人类的生存和选择困境。文中主人公们在愈加强烈渴望独立与自由的同时,不得不在孤独失意的漩涡中面对丧失自由的不幸。而同时期的社会心理学家弗洛姆提出的自由理论是对同一历史阶段此问题的研究和反思。弗洛姆指出现代社会人们在追求自由的过程中,极易陷入消极自由的陷阱,从而导致脱离了真正的积极自由。目前关于《革命之路》的研究大多通过叙述技巧、女性主义和现代主义来分析人物和主旨,本论文运用社会心理学家弗洛姆的自由理论为《革命之路》提供新的研究思路,分析悲剧成因和解决自由困境的理论方法。本论文由五个部分组成。引言部分简要介绍作家和《革命之路》,阐述本论文的研究理论、研究意义和研究结构。第一章分析了有关理查德·耶茨和《革命之路》的国内外研究成果,同时概述弗洛姆自由理论的主要观点,为全文奠定理论基础。第二章论述了《革命之路》中不同人物陷入自由陷阱的过程,以及他们在消极自由的影响下呈现的痛苦处境。第三章结合弗洛姆自由观分析了《革命之路》中人物陷入自由陷阱的原因,即当时的社会文化以及家庭等因素都诱导着主人公们追求消极自由。第四章分析了解决自由困境的不同方式。主人公们尝试采取心理逃避机制来摆脱消极自由的痛苦,但是最终都以完全失去自由而告终,进而揭示了真正的积极自由需要爱和创造性的活动。本文的结论部分对《革命之路》所反映的自由陷阱进行总结。《革命之路》中人物所追求的自由实则是自由陷阱下的消极自由,而只有追求积极自由才能避免悲剧的发生。 N2 - Richard Yates, who has been neglected for a long time, is one of the greatest writers of the 20th century in American literature. Among his unique thought-provoking works featured by time significance, Revolutionary Road, his maiden work as well as the most classic one, was nominated National Book Award in 1961 and also brought Yates back to the public based on its award-winning movie version. Revolutionary Road not only portrays the pessimistic and fatalistic world outlook of naturalists ruthlessly, but exposes the survival and selection dilemma faced by human beings in modern society. Characters were increasingly eager for independence and freedom, yet, they were also forced to face the misfortune of losing freedom in the eddy of loneliness and frustration. The freedom theory proposed by social psychologist Erich Fromm, who was contemporary to Yates, studies and reflects the freedom predicament of their era. Fromm indicates that people in modern society are tended to be caught in the trap of negative freedom in the process of pursuing freedom, leading to the separation from the positive freedom authentically. Most of current research focuses on the narrative techniques, feminism and modernism, serving as the analysis of characters and theme, while this thesis provides a new approach to Revolutionary Road with Fromm’s freedom theory for analyzing the factors of tragedy and the theoretical methods to tackle with the freedom dilemma. This thesis is composed of five chapters. The part of introduction briefly introduces the writer and his work Revolutionary Road, accompanied by describing the relevant theory, significance and structure of the thesis.– Chapter One analyzes the research on Richard Yates and Revolutionary Road at home and abroad, meanwhile, it gives an overview of Fromm’s freedom theory, laying the foundation for analysis theoretically.– Chapter Two discusses the process of characters’ getting into the trap of freedom, bearing great pain in the influence of negative freedom.– Chapter Three studies the reasons from the perspective of Fromm’s freedom theory for characters in Revolutionary Road being trapped in the negative freedom, for which protagonists are induced to seek because of society, culture and family.– Chapter Four expounds the different ways adopted by characters to settle the freedom predicament. Protagonists adopt mental escape mechanism to relieve from the suffering of negative freedom, though, ended by losing their freedoms similarly to further discover the truth that positive freedom is in need of love and creative activities.– In conclusion, this thesis summarizes the analysis of freedom trap reflected in Revolutionary Road. In effect, the freedom pursued by the characters in Revolutionary Road is negative freedom under the trap of freedom, however, only the pursuit of positive freedom can avoid the tragedy. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beltrão de Souza, Kelma Fabíola T1 - A libertação dos oprimidos [The liberation of the oppressed] [La liberación de los oprimidos] JF - Educação em Perspectiva / Education in Perspective, Vol. 10 (2019), pp. 1-14. [Online ISSN 2178-8359] [doi.org/10.22294/eduper/ppge/ufv.v10i0.7082] N2 - Este texto teve por objetivo refletir sobre o conceito de liberdade e libertação, a partir do que disse Paulo Freire em Educação como Prática da Liberdade (que ele chama de >introdução à Pedagogia do Oprimido<) e Pedagogia do Oprimido. A nosso ver, como o conceito de liberdade foi especialmente sugestionado por Erich Fromm, trouxemos para o debate a sua problematização. Identificamos que Freire, de certa forma, vai preterindo a ideia de liberdade, usada inicialmente para significar as ideias de Fromm, e se volta especialmente às ideias marxistas. Isso demonstra o investimento de Freire na libertação dos oprimidos, onde reside quase todo propósito de sua pedagogia, cuja principal obra, Pedagogia do Oprimido, está completando cinquenta anos. N2 - This text aimed to reflect on the concept of freedom and liberation, from what Paulo Freire said in Education as a Practice of Freedom (which he calls the >introduction to Pedagogy of the Oppressed<) and Pedagogy of the Oppressed. In our view, as the concept of freedom was specially suggested by Erich Fromm, we brought to the debate his problematization. We identify that Freire, in a certain way, preaches the idea of freedom, used initially to mean the ideas of Fromm, and especially turns Marxist ideas. This demonstrates Freire's investment in the liberation of the oppressed, where almost every purpose of his pedagogy lies, whose main work, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, is completing fifty years. N2 - Este texto tuvo por objetivo reflexionar sobre los conceptos de libertad y liberación que dictaba Paulo Freire en los escritos: Educación como Práctica de la Libertad (que él llama de >introducción a la Pedagogía del Oprimido<) y Pedagogía del Oprimido. A nuestro ver, como el concepto de libertad fue especialmente sugerido por Erich Fromm, trajimos a debate la problematización. Pensamos que Freire, de cierta forma, va a preterir la idea de libertad, usada de principio para significar las ideas de Fromm, y se vuelve especialmente a las ideas marxistas. Esto demuestra la inversión de Freire en la liberación de los oprimidos, donde reside casi todo propósito de su pedagogía, cuya principal obra, Pedagogía del Oprimido, está completando cincuenta años. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Asatulloev, Inomjon T1 - The Issues of Alienation in the Philosophy of Erich Fromm JF - Canadian Social Science, Vol. 15, No. 6 (2019), pp. 31-33. [Online ISSN 1923-6697] [cscanada.net/index.php/css/article/view/11103/11221] N2 - This article analyzes the issues of alienation in the philosophy of Erich Fromm. The development of capitalism has changed the political, economic, and spiritual relationships in the society, and depression, misery, helplessness and solidarity are increasing in people. The philosopher has shown the causes of separation and alienation from the society and ways to get rid of it. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anjum, Naushaba T1 - Notion of Alienation, An Existentialist Approach JF - International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 3, (2019), pp. 10-13. [Online ISSN 2394-3661] [ijeas.org/download_data/IJEAS0603006.pdf] N2 - The problem of alienation has been a persistent issue of man since the beginning of civilization and it has been discussed in the history of philosophy since beginning. But as a serious issue the problem of alienation come in to existence after the development of industrialization and technology in a mass scale. Some twentieth century thinkers, philosophers, psychologist, sociologist, and religious scholars prescribed the way to come out from alienation. But in contemporary philosophy the existentialists took the issue of alienation most seriously. They gave their own approach on this issue and propagate a humanistic point of view as a way to come out from alienation. They try to make the philosophy free from the clutches of objectivity and bring the man in center again. Other contemporary western philosophers also influenced by existential movement. For them also the problem of alienation is a serious issue especially the famous philosopher and psychologist Erich Fromm. Fromm observes that in twentieth century man finds himself in a highly mechanical culture dominated by technology. Because of over use and emphasis on technology man becomes alienated from his own personal being. Both existentialists and Erick Fromm believes that man’s subjectivity is lost in the highly technical and mechanical contemporary world. The main issue for these thinkers is not only to understand the concept of alienation but to find out the ways to eliminate the alienation. Through which a human can understand his true being and meaning of life. This is a descriptive paper. The objective of the paper is to explore the issue of alienation in contemporary world and to suggest the ways to come out from the alienation with special reference to Existentialism and Erick Fromm. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhou, Wen T1 - On the Evolution of Fromm's Religious View [弗洛姆宗教观发展嬗变初探] JF - Psychology of Religion [宗教心理学], No. 0 (2019), pp. 17-28. N2 - 对宗教的研究是弗洛姆整体思想中的重要组成部分,在漫长的学术生涯中,他的思想经历过两次转折,使其宗教观在不同阶段的著作中呈现出较大的差异。本文试图在综合考虑弗洛姆生活背景和学术思想的基础上,勾勒出弗洛姆宗教观发展嬗变的脉络,并对其发展特点进行较为细致的探究。 N2 - The study of religion is an important part of Fromm's overall thought. In his long academic career, his thought has undergone two transitions, making his view of religion vary greatly in his writings at different stages. This article attempts to outline the development of Fromm's religious views and explore their characteristics in some detail, based on a comprehensive consideration of Fromm's life background and academic thought. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hušák, Jan T1 - Koncepce humanistické etiky v díle Ericha Fromma [The Conception of Humanistic Ethics in the Work of Erich Fromm] Bachelor thesis, Philosophy, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Poland 2013, 40 pp. N2 - The aim of this work is to examine and explain the concept of humanistic ethics defined by Erich Fromm. Special focus is given to biological premises about human beings and Fromm's inquiry about the existence of nature of men. The important role of human conscience and its function is shown in contrast to the problem of free will. The core that holds Fromm's ethics together is his characterology. In this regard, this thesis covers the difference between individual and social character, which are introduced together with a conditions that enable the growth of biophilia, contrary to the necrophilia and destructivity. Necrophilia and destructivity have the same core, from where they arise. The process of individualization is explained by Fromm's regular standard way of explanation. Individualization is originating on an individual level, which means, that every human as a child goes through this process. Therefore, by the same token, the process is taken to a social scale from it's individual appearance and Fromm draws common ground between these two levels of development. Escape mechanisms derive from the anxious and uncertain humans, who, searching for some assurance develop the tendencies to escape their feelings through the authoritarianism, which can either take form of sadism, masochism or conformism. In the last chapter the Fromm position on free will is discussed and explained with the understanding, that the standpoint which constitutes Erich Fromm's alternativism is hope, not only for a new order but for a complete state of harmony. The compact picture of Erich Fromm's humanistic ethics will be achieved through the interpretation of some of the most important concepts in his main writings. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reyna, Mariana T1 - La caracterología de Erich Fromm como herramienta para la investigación psicológia en la Universidad [Erich Fromm's characterology as a tool for psychological research in a Mexican university] JF - Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala, Vol. 22, No. 1 (2019), pp. 661-693. [Online ISSN 1870-8420] [revistas.unam.mx/index.php/repi/issue/view/5171] N2 - El artículo se centra en uno de los trabajos de campo que impulsó la primera generación de psicoanalistas frommianos en la década de 1950: el análisis psicológico del estudiante universitario. La aproximación a dicho estudio sirve para percibir el impacto que la teoría socio-psicológica de Erich Fromm tuvo sobre sus alumnos, quienes, estrechamente vinculados a las instituciones educativas y de asistencia del Estado mexicano, contribuyeron a revitalizar las discusiones en torno a la subjetividad y la cultura en el marco del proceso de industrialización por el que atravesaba el país. Nos interesa dar cuenta de los modos específicos en los que emplearon la caracterología psicoanalítica elaborada por este sociólogo alemán, como una nueva herramienta conceptual para continuar dando cauce, aun con los desplazamientos que implicaba, a una tradición de investigación sobre ciertos fenómenos de la vida social que se instaló en el ámbito psiquiátrico con el movimiento de la higiene mental desde la década de 1930. N2 - The article focuses on a field research that drove the first generation of Frommian psychoanalysts in the 1950s: the psychological analysis of the university student. The approach to this study serves to perceive the impact that the socio-psychological theory of Erich Fromm had on his students, who were closely linked to the educational and assistance institutions of the Mexican State, and therefore contributed to revitalize the discussions around the subjectivity and culture within the framework of the industrialization process that the country was going through. We are interested in giving an account of the specific ways in which they used the psychoanalytical characterology elaborated by this German sociologist, linked to the Frankfurt School, as a new conceptual tool in order to lend continuity, even with the displacements that it implied, to a research tradition about certain phenomena of social life that was installed in the psychiatric field with the movement of mental hygiene since the 1930s. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rachmawati, Femmy T1 - The Struggle to Achieve the Erotic Love in Robert Browning's >Meeting at Night<, a final project (partial fulfillment of the requirements for undergraduate degree), Literature, English Department, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 2019, 15+10 pp., English. [eprints.undip.ac.id/76437/2/Femmy_Rachmawati_13020115120037.pdf] [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - The study in the final project analyses Robert Browning’s poem entitled >Meeting at Night<. This poem is about a man who travels far away to come close to his lover. The purpose of this study is read through the poem of the intrinsic and extrinsic aspects. The methods used in this study is a library research. The intrinsic aspects denote the figurative language in the poem, which are imagery and symbol. Whereas the extrinsic aspects designate the struggle of the man to achieve the erotic love in the poem. The result of this study shows that only the one who falls in love who could feel the love and also love could make something beyond the logic of common people. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Reckwitz, Andreas T1 - Die Gesellschaft der Singularitäten. Zum Strukturwandel dere Moderne, Berlin (Suhrkamp), 2019, 485 pp. Y1 - 2019 N1 - Ex libris Rainer Funk ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zakiya, Liyan Khainunatu T1 - Nilai cinta dalam novel >Perpustakaan Kelamin< karya Sanghyang Mughni Pancaniti tinjauan psikologi sastra [Value of Compassion in the Main Character in the Novel >Perpustakaan Kelamin< by Sanghyang Mughni Pancaniti Literary Psychology Review], Bachelor thesis, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University Semarang, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 2019, Indonesian. [eprints.undip.ac.id/73700/1/JURNAL_SKRIPT.pdf] - [application of Fromm's theories to art]. - Only abstract, introduction, discussion and conclusion available. N2 - The Novel >Perpustakaan Kelamin< tells about the main character named Hariang who was risking between a library and his sex. Hariang struggled to heal his mother who had gone mad due to a burning library by selling his sex. Hariang experienced an inner debate, on one hand, he only had his mother whom he loved very much, but in the other hand, he also loved his lover, Drupadi. The focus of this research is the value of love found in the main character. The aims of the study are to describe intrinsic elements of the story and to explain the value of love in the story. The material object is the novel >Perpustakaan Kelamin< by Sanghyang Mughni Pancaniti. The method of collecting data in this study is library method. This research uses litereary psychological theories to analyze the object, but as a scaffolding beforehand used structural approach. The literary psychological theories used is the theory of love from Erich Fromm in his book >The Art of Loving< (1956) which is translated by Aquarina Kharisma Sari. Based on the result of the study it is known that the basis of the story in the novel >Perpustakaan Kelamin< is the compassion and struggles of the character. There are correlations of the five values of love, namely brotherly love, motherly love, erotic love, self-love, and God’s love, then it can be concluded that, the foundation of the story in the novel >Perpustakaan Kelamin< is the love and struggles of the main character. The five types of love develops the character’s personality to be more productive. Love gives strength to the main character because he can develop himself. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zoričić, Franko T1 - Ljudska agresivnost kao posljedica evolucije ili socijalizacije, Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia 2019, 32+11 pp., Croatian. [repozitorij.ffzg.unizg.hr/islandora/object/ffzg%3A803] N2 - Ovaj rad bavi se pitanjem ljudske agresivnosti kao posljedice evolucije i socijalizacije. Dvije teorije Jonathana Haidta - kako socijalizacija i kultura utječu na agresivnost i kako političko opredjeljenje utječe na agresivnost - će biti okosnica rada. U početnom dijelu rada iznose se definicije agresije prema nekoliko poznatih psihoanalitičara, filozofa i etologa. Te definicije nam daju uvid u to što je agresija zapravo, zašto se javlja i u kojim se točno situacijama javlja. Razumijevanje agresije i njeno definiranje iz različitih aspekata nam je važno iz razloga što se ljudsko ponašanje odnosno agresija može ispoljiti na više različitih načina. S time na umu, možemo shvatiti koji su to okidači naveli Mađarsku da u vrijeme migrantske krize zatvori granice i ispolji ponašanja o kojima smo slušali svakodnevno u domaćim i svjetskim medijima. Nadalje razdvajamo evolucijske i sociološke aspekte agresivnih ponašanja. Kako je čovjek prije svega biološko pa sociološko biće, moramo shvatiti koji su to okidači za agresivna ponašanja, zašto postoje i kako se mogu ispoljiti. Što je to u našim genima i kakve veze imaju naši preci s današnjim oblikom ljudske vrste? S druge strane predstavljamo sociološki aspekt agresije kojim pokušavamo objasniti zašto su neka agresivna ponašanja kulturološki i sociološki određena. Također, kako život u modernim zajednicama i shvaćanje nacionalnog identiteta može utjecati na masovno ponašanje jednog naroda. Na kraju dajemo opširan uvid u Europsku migrantsku krizu s fokusom na Mađarsku. Objašnjavamo politiku premijera Viktora Orbana i njegove vlade i kako je ona utjecala na mađarski narod. Postoji niz posljedica u obliku agresivnog ponašanja radi manipulacije informacijama i sustavnim demoraliziranjem imigranata. Dati ćemo nekoliko konkretnih primjera agresije za vrijeme migrantske krize u Mađarskoj. U raspravi dajemo osvrt na migrantsku krizu i kako je svaki oblik agresivnog ponašanja povezan s prethodno navedenim definicijama agresije i Haidtovim teorijama. N2 - This paper deals with the question of human aggression as a result of evolution and socialization. Two theories by Jonthan Haidt – how socialization and culture affects aggression and how political commitment affects aggression – will be the cornerstone of this work. In the initial part of the paper we have presented definitions of aggression by several well-known psychoanalysts, philosophers and ethologists. Their definitions gave us an insight into what aggression really is, why it comes up and in what situations it appears. Understanding the aggression and defining it from different aspects is important because human behaviour or aggression can be delivered in many different ways. It will give us more comprehension on why did Hungary close its borders and showed aggressive behaviors to immigrants that we have listened about in media. Furthermore we have defined evolutionary and sociological aspects of aggressive behaviors. Having in mind that human is a biological prior to social being, we need to understand what triggers it for aggressive behavior and how it manifests. What is there in our genes and how our ancestors affected today's version of human kind? On the other hand, the sociological aspect of aggression is presented and we are explaining why are some behaviors culturally and sociologically determined. Also, how can living in modern communities and national identity affect the mass behavior of a nation. Finally, we are giving a comprehensive insight into the European migration crisis with a focus on Hungary. We are explaining he policy of Viktor Orban and his government and how it has influenced the Hungarian nation. There are numerous consequences in the form of aggressive behaviors due to manipulation of information and systematic demoralization of immigrants. We are also giving some concrete examples of aggression during the crisis. In the debate part we are reviewing the migration crisis and how every form of aggressive behavior is associated with the above mentioned definitions of aggression and Haidt's theories. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jumino, T1 - Human existence as individual and social creatures based on Robert Frost's poems >Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening< and >The Road not Taken<, through stylistic studies] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Culturalistics: Journal of Cultural, Literary, and Linguistic Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1 (2019), pp. 22-28. [ISSN 2614-039X] [ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/culturalistics/article/view/4076/2440] N2 - This article deals with human existence as individual creature in the world based on Robert Frost’s poem >Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening< and >The Road Not Taken<. In doing research, the writer used method of collecting and analyzing data. Observation through document study was used to collect data. While descriptive qualitative method was used to analyze the data. The result shows that both poems, through poetic device and figurative language used, tell the readers about the responsibilities of human life to do before he or she dies. These may be responsibilities of any duties and choices in human life. Through the first poem, Robert Frost reminds human being for having forgotten his or her duties in life. Then through the second poem, the poet emphasizes the importance of making choices and its consequences of the choices. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kirik, Vladimir Alexandrovich A1 - et al., T1 - The Personality of a >Fair Society Citizen< in the Views of Representatives of the Frankfurt School JF - Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, Vol. 7, No. 6 (2019), pp. 732-735. [Online ISSN 2395-6518] [mgesjournals.com/hssr/article/view/hssr.2019.76110/2360] N2 - Purpose of the Study: The article looks at the issues connected with civic education of personality that was discussed by several generations of the Frankfurt School theoreticians. Methodology: The authors have conducted an analysis of the main papers devoted to the topic of character education of citizens written by representatives of the Frankfurt School. Main Findings: The analysis has shown distinctive features of the views that theoreticians developed during different periods of scientific activity. Apart from that, the evolution of ideas about citizenship and problems faced by civil society expressed by philosophers, as well as their differences, which emerged over time, have been identified. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kozubek, Mariola Teresa T1 - Miłość jako podstawowa dynamika wychowania w rodzinie w ujęciu Chiary Lubich. Wybrane aspekty [Love as the Fundamental Dynamics of Family Upbringing according to Chiara Lubich – Selected Aspects] JF - Paedagogia Christiana, Vol. 43, No. 1 (2019), pp. 365-400. [Print ISSN 1505-6872] [apcz.umk.pl/PCh/article/view/PCh.2019.018/23609] N2 - Civilisational progress and globalisation processes at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries have changed the shape, function and role of family in social life, posing a threat to its stability. Consequently, many family support institutions and organisations are created that offer social services focused on prevention, family therapy and support, particularly in terms of family upbringing. In search of a model of family upbringing that teaches how to build long-term interpersonal relationships and overcome difficulties by referring to values helpful in dealing with family crises, the article focuses on the pedagogical potential of contemporary movements and communities of the Catholic Church. Substantial studies in this regard are provided by the New Families Movement, an initiative that operates under the international Focolare Movement founded by the Italian teacher Chiara Lubich (1920–2008). Based on the hermeneutics of Lubich’s texts, the article presents her main thoughts on family upbringing. Following the adopted research procedure, the text discusses the significance of personal love from the philosophical, psychological and theological perspective as well as through life and educational experience of Chiara Lubich and her anthropological and theological reflections on education. In this context, several key aspects of family upbringing are discussed in the context of personal love: parental authority and responsibilities, specificity of integral education, characteristics of pro-social education and development of skills necessary to overcome difficulties. They appear to be a fundamental part in Lubich’s >style< of family upbringing. The resulting analysis belongs to the field of family pedagogy and pedagogy of religion, and is mostly based on Italian literature sources. Chiara Lubich’s pedagogical thought is not well-known in Polish pedagogical literature, which makes it all the more compelling to address this topic. N2 - Rozwój cywilizacyjny i procesy globalizacyjne przełomu XX i XXI w. wpływają na przemianę kształtu rodziny, jej funkcji i roli w życiu spo-łecznym, stanowiąc zagrożenie przede wszystkim dla jej trwałości. Z tego względu rodzinę wspiera wiele instytucji i organizacji pomocowych działających w obszarze opieki społecznej na rzecz profilaktyki, terapii oraz towarzyszenia, zwłaszcza w wy-pełnianiu funkcji wychowawczej rodziny. W poszukiwaniu modelu wychowania w rodzinie, który uczy budowania trwałych relacji międzyosobowych, pokonywania trudności, na fundamencie wartości, dzięki którym można przezwyciężyć kryzysy w rodzinie, zwrócono uwagę na potencjał pedagogiczny, jaki mają współczesne ru-chy i wspólnoty Kościoła katolickiego. Bogatego materiału w tym zakresie dostar-cza Ruch Nowe Rodziny działający w ramach międzynarodowego Ruchu Focolari założonego przez włoską nauczycielkę Chiarę Lubich (1920–2008). Na podstawie hermeneutyki tekstów Lubich wskazano w artykule jej główne myśli o wychowa-niu w rodzinie. W przyjętym postępowaniu badawczym ukazano znaczenie miłości osobowej najpierw w perspektywie filozoficznej, psychologicznej i teologicznej, a następnie w doświadczeniu życiowym i wychowawczym Chiary Lubich oraz w jej antropologiczno-teologicznej myśli dotyczącej wychowania. Na tym tle przedsta-wiono kilka kluczowych aspektów wychowania w rodzinie w kontekście miłości osobowej: autorytet i zadania rodzicielskie, specyfikę wychowania integralnego, cechy wychowania prospołecznego oraz kształtowania umiejętności pokonywania trudności. Jawią się one jako fundamentalne w przyjętym przez Lubich >stylu< wy-chowania w rodzinie. Przeprowadzona analiza usytuowana jest w obszarze pedago-giki rodziny i pedagogiki religii, a jej źródłem jest w większości literatura włosko-języczna. Myśl pedagogiczna Chiary Lubich nie jest znana w polskiej literaturze pedagogicznej, dlatego uzasadnione jest podjęcie tego zagadnienia. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hietalahti, Jarno A1 - Toivanen, Juhana T1 - Elävät kuolleet: Aristoteles, Hobbes ja Fromm modernin zombikuvaston valossa JF - Ajatus: Suomen filosofisen yhdistyksen vuosikirja, Vol. 76 (2019), pp. 229-265. [Print ISSN 0355-1725] [journal.fi/ajatus/article/view/88151/47393] N2 - Zombeja käsittelevät televisiosarjat ja sarjakuvat ovat viime vuosina saavuttaneet suurta suosiota. Esimerkiksi >The Walking Dead<-sarjan ensimmäinen jakso näytettiin samanaikaisesti 120 maassa, ja sarjaa on sittemmin katsonut tuotantokaudesta riippuen 5–15 miljoonaa katsojaa. Post-apokalyptinen maailma kiehtoo suurta yleisöä, koska dystooppiset tarinat peilaavat erilaisia käsityksiä ihmisten perusolemuksesta ja yhteiskunnan perustasta; sarjaa voi pitää filosofisena ajatuskokeena, jolla testataan, miten erilaiset näkemykset toimisivat luonnontilaan paluun jälkeen. Artikkelimme lähtökohta on, että zombikuvasto tarjoaa hedelmällisen tilaisuuden filosofisastelemme yhteiskunnan romahtamisen jälkeistä tilaa yhteiskuntafilosofian klassikoiden, Aristoteleen ja Thomas Hobbesin avulla. Pyrimme osoittamaan, että Hobbesin luonnontilan käsitteen rinnalla Aristoteleen eettiset ja yhteiskuntafilosofiset näkemykset tarjoavat hyödyllisen näkökulman sivilisaation romahduksen jälkeisen kuvitteellisen tilanteen ymmärtämiseen. Täydennämme analyysia sosiaalipsykologi Erich Frommin yhteiskuntaluonteen käsitteellä ja osoitamme, että dystopiaan sisältyy lupaus utopiasta, paremmasta maailmasta. Yleisesti ottaen esitämme, että populaarikulttuurin ja filosofian yhdistäminen tarjoaa oivaltavan näkökulman nykyisen länsimaisen ihmiskuvan peruselementtien ymmärtämiseen. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marsin, M. A1 - et al., T1 - The Meaning of Love in Balada Cinta Majnun Novel by Geidurrahman El-Mishry (Psychology of Literature) [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Proceedings of the 1st Seminar and Workshop on Research Design, for Education, Social Science, Arts, and Humanities, April 27 2019, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, 7 pp. [doi.org/10.4108/eai.27-4-2019.2286869] N2 - This study reports the results of the content analysis on Balada Cinta Majenun Novel by Geidurrahman El-Mishry about the love of the main character using the psychology of literature approach. The purpose of this study was to reveal the meaning of the main character's love based on Erich Fromm's love theory. The data used was the text in the novel. Reading and taking note were used to collect data. The data was classified based on the object of erotic love and divine love. Then, they were analyzed using the psychology of literature and interpreted using contextual meaning. The result showed that there was a love shift from erotic love to God love. It was influenced by the rejection of love and the concept of love that the main character owned as a result of following tharikat that later shaped his way of life into religion-oriented. His religious path, from love to the creatures that led to the path of God, gave rise to the desire to be united with God. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Matthews, David T1 - Capitalism and Mental Health JF - Monthly Review – An Independent Socialist Magazine, Vol. 70, No. 8 (2019), pp. 49-62. [Print ISSN 0027-0520] [monthlyreview.org/2019/01/01/capitalism-and-mental-health] N2 - The psychoanalytical framework developed by Marxist Erich Fromm strongly challenges the dominant biological and individualistic explanations of the mental-health crisis that is now sweeping the globe. Fromm emphasized that all humans have certain needs that must be fulfilled in order to ensure optimal mental health. It follows that capitalism is crucial to determining the experience and prevalence of mental well-being, as its operations are incompatible with true human need. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Chuanlei T1 - A Brief Analysis of the Application of Fromm's Humanism to Contemporary Social Problems JF - Social Values and Society (SVS), Vol. 1, No. 1 (2019), pp. 1-4. [Online ISSN 2682-7964] [doi.org/10.26480/svs.01.2019.01.04] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] In Fromm's thought, the most important one is humanism. The socialization problem in modern human society is not only the problem of social system, but also the problem of human personality and psychology. Therefore, in order to reduce the occurrence of social destructive phenomena, it is necessary to reduce human destructive behavior. Through psychological analysis and theoretical study, we can improve people's psychological potential and optimize their sociality, so as to create and maintain good social forms. [Author's English] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Jindong T1 - An Analysis of Fromm’s View of Freedom – Based on >Escape from Freedom< Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arão Silva de Jesus, Cristian T1 - Liberdade como essência humana: o problema do sujeito no jovem Marx JF - Revista Ideação, Vol. 1, No. 39 (2019), pp. 167-177. [Online ISSN 2359-6384] [periodicos.uefs.br/index.php/revistaideacao/article/view/4583/3910] N2 - Este artigo possui como objetivo analisar a questão da essência humana na obra do jovem Marx. Apresentando uma perspectiva contrária à ideia da existência de um corte epistemológico que cria duas fases absolutamente distintas na filosofia de Marx, pretendese argumentar que o conceito de essência desenvolvido nos manuscritos de 1844 constituise como um importante fundamento para o materialismo histórico. Dessa forma, é oferecida também uma perspectiva diferente do argumento que defende a existência de um antimaterialismo relacionado ao conceito >essência<. A interpretação da essência humana como liberdade permite compreender que não há nada de extra-material na definição do ser humano, pois a única característica que sempre acompanhará o homem é a capacidade de se autotransformar através da atividade prática. N2 - This article aims to analyze the question of human essence in the work of the young Marx. It is argued that the concept of essence developed in the manuscripts of 1844 constitutes an important foundation for historical materialism. In this way, a different perspective is also given to the argument for the existence of an anti-materialism related to the concept >essence<. The interpretation of the human essence as freedom allows us to understand that there is nothing extra-material in the definition of the human being, since the only characteristic that will always accompany man is the capacity to develop through practical activity. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Asatulloyev, Inomjon T1 - ЭРИХ ФРОММ ФАЛСАФАСИДА БЕГОНАЛАШУВ МАСАЛАСИ [ПРОБЛЕМА ОТЧУЖДЕНИЯ В ФИЛОСОФИИ ЭРИХА ФРОММА] [The problem of alienation in the philosophy of Erich Fromm] JF - Scientific Bulletin of Namangan State University, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2019), pp. 119-124. [Online ISSN 2181-1458] [namdu.researchcommons.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1019&context=journal] N2 - Ушбу мақолада Эрих Фромм фалсафасида бегоналашув масаласи таҳлил қилинган. Шунингдек, капитализм ривожланиши жамиятда сиёсий, иқтисодий ва маънавий муносабатларни ўзгартириши, инсонни жамиятдан узоқлашуви ва бегоналашуви сабаблари ҳамда ундан халос бўлиш йўллари кўрсатиб берилган. N2 - Резюме: В данной статье анализируются проблемы отчуждения в философии Эриха Фромма. А также, развитие капитализма изменило политические, экономические и духовные отношения в обществе, причины отделения и отчуждения человека от общества и способы избавления от него. N2 - In this article is analyzed the issues of alienation in the philosophy of Erich Fromm. The development of capitalism has changed the political, economic, and spiritual relationships in the society, and depression, misery, helplessness and solidarity are increasing in people. The philosopher has shown the causes of separation and alienation from the society and ways to get rid of it. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Günther, Matthias T1 - Liebe(n) lernen: Bausteine für den Religionsunterricht an berufsbildenden Schulen (RU praktisch - Berufliche Schulen), Göttingen (‎Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht) 2019, 62 pp., deutsch. [ISBN 978-3-525-77239-3] N2 - Liebe ist ein universales Thema. Es bewegt alle Menschen, egal in welcher Form, ganz unabhängig von gesellschaftlichen und religiösen Konstellationen. Deshalb hat sie im Religionsunterricht von jeher einen festen Platz. Denn Liebe und Lieben müssen gelehrt und gelernt werden. Matthias Günther zeigt in seinem Werk mögliche Lernwege auf. Das Buch ist in vier Module gegliedert, die sich an der Lebens- und (zukünftigen) Arbeitswelt der Schülerinnen und Schüler orientieren: 1 Was ist Liebe? 2 Gottes Liebe und die Liebe zu Gott. 3 Nächstenliebe als Beruf. 4 Wenn die Liebe endet. Mit den hier präsentierten Materialien und Lernarrangements erwerben die Schülerinnen und Schüler Kompetenzen in Bezug auf Liebe untereinander sowie Empathie gegenüber Menschen, für die sie beruflich Verantwortung tragen (werden). Des Weiteren lernen sie, gesellschaftliches und religiöses Leben kritisch-reflektiert zu betrachten. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gedik, Kıymet T1 - Erich Fromm`da insan, tanrı, din bağlamında ateizm [Atheism in the Context of Man, God, Religion in Erich Fromm], Master thesis, Institute of Social Sciences, Philosophy Department, Mersin University, Mersin / Turkiye 2019, 71 + 8 pp., Turkish. N2 - Bu araştırmanın amacı Erich Fromm’un ateizm anlayışını incelemektir. Araştırmada ateizmin genel çerçevesine ve Erich Fromm’un insan, din ve Tanrı yaklaşımlarına yer verilmektedir. Ateizm, ilk çağlardan bu yana tartışıla gelen temel ontolojik ve metafizik konulardan biri olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle ateizmin temel eleştiri konularından birini ahlak teması oluşturmuştur. Ahlakın temel kaynaklarının dinin ve Tanrı’nın benimsendiği ateist yaklaşımlarda ahlak sorunun temellendirilmesi farklı düşünür ve ekollerce tartışılmıştır. Ancak ahlakın tek kaynağının din olmadığı Fromm gibi düşünürlerce ifade edilmektedir. Erich Fromm’un ateizm görüşü kurumsallaşmış dinler ve bu dinlerin getirdiği otoriter ahlakları reddeder. Bu nedenle Fromm’a göre öne çıkan ahlak anlayışı hümaniter ahlaktır. Bu ahlaki yaklaşımda; zihinsel bağımsızlık, akıl, sevgi ve hümanist ögeler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Fromm’un ateizm anlayışına göre Tanrı soyutlaşma süreci içinde zihinsel bir aşamadır. Bu bireyin otoritelerin tutsağı olmadığı, kendi üzerinde bilinçli farkındalığı olan ve davranışlarına kendisinin yön verdiği bir aşamadır. Erich Fromm’un ateizm anlayışı sevgi ve hümanist değerlerle örülüdür. Bunun sonucu olarak da O, mistik bir ateist olarak değerlendirilmektedir. N2 - The aim of this study is to examine Erich Fromm's understanding of atheism. In this research, the general understanding of atheism and Fromm's approach to human, religion and God are given in the context of this basic purpose. It has been observed that atheism has been one of the fundamental ontological and metaphysical topics discussed since the early ages. In this context, one of the main criticisms of atheism was the theme of morality. As a matter of fact, the basic sources of morality and the atheistic approach of the religion of God is based on different approaches and arguments. However, it is expressed by thinkers such as Fromm, where the only source of morality is not religion. Fromm's atheism rejects the institutionalized religions and the authoritarian ethics brought by these religions. In this context, the moral approach that comes to the fore in the thought of Fromm is humanitarian ethics. In this moral approach, mental independence, reason, love and humanist elements come to the fore. Fromm's approach to atheism, which develops an important morality in atheism, is a mental stage in the process of God's abstraction. As a matter of fact, this is a stage where the individual is not a prisoner of the authorities, he / she has conscious awareness on himself and he / she directs his/ her behaviors. Fromm's understanding of atheism is endowed with love and humanist values. In this context, he is considered a mystic atheist. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göcen, Gülüşan T1 - Geçmişten Günümüze Kadın Tasavvurunun İnançla Birlikte Seyri: Freud, Jung ve Fromm’un Kadına Dair İzdüşümleri [The Journey of Woman Image with Faith From Past to Present: Freud, Jung and Fromm’s Projections Regarding Woman JF - Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi [Cumhuriyet Theology Journal], Vol. 23 (No. 3, 2019), pp. 1121-1141. [Online ISSN 2528-987X] [dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/887201] [doi.org/10.18505/cuid.547743] N2 - Bu makalenin amacı, genel yaklaşımla ilk dönemlerden bugüne kadın algısından başlayıp, günümüze ulaşmış psiko-sosyal birikimin modern psikolojinin önde gelen kuramcıları tarafından nasıl ele alındığını, onların kadın tanımlamalarına bu külliyatın nasıl yansıdığını ortaya koymaktır. Kadının tarih boyunca birincil kaynaktan değil, karşıya yansımalarından ele alındığı düşünülürse kadın anlatımlarının en köklü izlerinin sözlü kültür üzerinde bulunduğu ve yazılı metinlere uzanan kısımlarının da sembol, metafor, mazmun, hikaye üzerinden olduğu görülür. İlk insanlara dair sözlü ve kısmen yazılı kültür içinde olan mitler (hikâyeler), her ne kadar kutsal öyküler olsalar da insan tasavvuruna dair de veriler sunacaktır. Çünkü kısıtlı bir imkânla insanın sonsuzu anlama çabasından, tanrı/tanrıça ontolojilerinden daha çok insanın ne düşünüp ne hissettiği nasıl anlamlandırdığı anlaşılmaktadır. Buradan hareketle iki bölümden oluşacak makalemizde, evvela insan doğasına özgü bir semboller sistemi ve kültürel bir kod birikimi olarak bilinçte veya bilinçdışında etkinliğini sürdüren Tanrı tasavvuruna yansıtılanlar içinde özellikle tanrıça algısına değinilerek genel hatlarıyla mitoloji, psikoloji ile inanç dünyası üzerinden kadın tasavvuru betimsel bir üslup ile ele alınacaktır. İkinci bölümde ise bugünün insanbilimcileri tarafından kadını anlamaya dair tüm yazılı ve sözlü bilgilerin modern psikolojinin bakış açısı ile nasıl yorumlandığı Freud, Jung ve Fromm gibi kuramcılar özelinde detaylıca incelenecektir. Nihayetinde ise geçmiş ve geleceğin bilgi, deneyim ve duygularla aktif bir ilişki içinde olduğunun, kadın algısı ve yaklaşımının zamanlar içinde sürekli güncel kaldığı ve bu meselenin içinde mitoloji, psikoloji ve dinin de önemli faktörler olduğunun altı çizilmiş olacaktır. altı çizilmiş olacaktır. N2 - The aim of this article is to reveal with an overall approach, how the psycho-social background, starting from woman image in first periods and reach modern day, is embraced by outstanding theorists of modern psychology, and also how these collected works are reflected in their definitions of woman. If it is considered that woman has been discussed with reflections against and not from primary sources throughout history, it can be seen that the most essential roots of woman narrations can be found in oral culture and the parts of written texts are made over symbol, metaphor, proposition and story. However myths (stories) that take place in oral and partly written culture about primitive man, are sacred tales, they will also present data regarding human image. Therefore with a limited effort of human being to understand the infinite, it can be understood what human being think, feel and how they interpret rather than gods/goddesses ontology. From this point of view, this article that consists of two parts, first of all will mention especially about perception of Goddess in those reflected to image of God, maintaining its efficiency in conscious or unconscious as a system of symbols intrinsic to human nature and cultural code background and then the woman image will be roughly discussed with a descriptive style over the world of mythology, psychology and faith. In the second part, it will be examined in detail how all the written and oral information about understanding woman by modern anthropologists are interpreted with the perspective of modern psychology specific to theorists such as Freud, Jung and Fromm. Eventually, it will be emphasized that past and future are integrated with information, experience and feelings with an active relationship; perception and approach of woman have stayed up to date in time continually; mythology, psychology and religion are important factors within this matter. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Subaşi, Yakub T1 - Erich Fromm'un modernite eleştirisi [Modernity criticism of Erich Fromm] JF - Sosyolojik Düşün, Vol. 4 (No. 2, 2019), pp. 59-69. [Online ISSN 2587-2699] [dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/910617] N2 - Bu çalışmada 20. yüzyılın önemli sosyal bilimcilerinden biri olan Erich Fromm’un modernite eleştirisi ele alınmıştır. Fromm, dünyayı derinden sarsan birinci ve ikinci Harbi Umuminin öncesini, savaş esnasını ve sonrasını bu savaşlardan en çok etkilenen merkezlerde şahit olup yaşamıştır. Eleştirel düşünce geleneği içinde önemli bir yer tutan Fromm, modern toplumu farklı ve kendine has bir bakış açısıyla irdeler. O, modernitenin doğuşunu batı insanının despot kilisenin tekelinden kurtuluşuna dayandırır. Ona göre kilisenin tekelinden özgürlüğe giden yolda insanlık bütün zamanların en kötü koşullarını kendisinde barındıran modernitenin kucağına düşmüştür. O, moderniteyi insani özellikleri birer birer ortadan kaldıran sistemler bütünü olarak görür. Fromm’a göre modernite insanları başarılı bir şekilde istediği şekle dönüştürmektedir; kurulan modernite sistemi öylesine muazzam bir şekilde işlemektedir ki bu sistemi durduracak bir güç görünmemektedir. O, modernitenin hâkim olmaya başladığı toplumlarda bilumum herkes bu çarkın ağzına girdiğinden dolayı bu çarkın yanlışlarını görecek nazarların kalmayacağı (kalmadığı) kanaatindedir. Fromm’un modernitede eleştirdiği temel konuların başında; makineleşme, aynılaşma, cansıza yönelme, karar verememe, iletişimsizlik, tüketicilik, vb. gelir. N2 - In this study, the modernity criticism of Erich Fromm who is one of the important social scientists of the 20th century, is discussed. Fromm witnessed the before and after of the World War I and II which affected the world deeply, he lived during the war and saw the most effected centers of these wars. Fromm, who holds an important place within the tradition of critical thinking, analyzes the modern society from a different and unique perspective. He thinks that the birth of modernity comes from the liberation of the western man from the monopoly of the despot church. He believes that the humanity has fallen into the embrace of modernity, which contains the worst conditions of all times on the way from the monopoly of the church to freedom, He sees modernity as a set of systems that eliminate human characteristics one by one. According to Fromm, modernity successfully transforms people into the way they want it to be, and the established modernity system operates in such an amazing way that there is no power to stop it. He believes that in the societies where modernity has started to dominate, there will be (and there is) no regard to see the wrongs of this wheel because everyone knows it. Mechanization, dedifferentiation, inclination to lifelessness, inability to make decisions, lack of communication, consumerism, etc. are among the top subjects that Fromm criticizes within the scope of modernity. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reyna, Mariana A1 - Urrego, Miguel Ángel T1 - La Teoría del Carácter Social de Erich Fromm: Clave Interpretativa de Proceso de Industrialización en México [Erich Fromm's Theory of Social Character: An Interpretive Key to the Industrialization Process in Mexico] JF - Revista Praxis y Culturas Psi (Santiago de Chile), No. 2 (2019), pp. 1-23. [Print ISSN 01717-473X] [praxispsy.udp.cl/index.php/praxispsi/article/view/23/26] N2 - La teoría del carácter social, formulada por Erich Fromm en calidad de Director del Departamento de Psicología Social de la Escuela de Fráncfort durante la década 1930, condensa su aportación más relevante al campo de estudio que articula psicoanálisis y marxismo. La primera investigación empírica con base en sus conceptualizaciones tuvo lugar en Alemania, antes de que Hitler llegara al poder. Después de permanecer un período exiliado en Estados Unidos, Fromm recibió la invitación de radicar en México de parte de un prestigioso grupo de psiquiatras vinculado a instancias representativas del Estado posrevolucionario. En este país encontró un terreno propicio para impulsar otras investigaciones sustentadas en su metodología socio-psicoanalítica. El artículo destaca el análisis de una comunidad campesina del Estado de Morelos, realizado entre 1957 y 1964. Así mismo, retomamos las conclusiones un estudio concretado en la ciudad de México, en la Unidad Habitacional Legaria del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) a lo largo de la década de 1960. Se ubica la propuesta teórica sobre la salud mental elaborada por Fromm en el debate sobre las políticas públicas necesarias para encauzar a las sociedades latinoamericanas en la vía de la modernización. Veremos que para los especialistas en las disciplinas psi ligados al connotado sociólogo y analista alemán, la teoría del carácter social fue una clave interpretativa de las vicisitudes políticas, culturales y subjetivas que conllevaba el proceso de industrialización en México. N2 - The Theory of Social Character, formulated by Erich Fromm as director of the Social Psychology Department of Frankfurt School during the decade of 1930, condensates his more relevant contribution to the field of psychoanalysis and Marxism. The first empirical investigation based on his conceptualizations had place in Germany, before Hitler came to power. While exiled in the United States, Fromm was invited to Mexico by a prestigious group of psychiatrists linked to representative instances of the Post-revolutionary government. He changed his residence to the country and found proper conditions to impulse other investigations sustained in his socio-psychoanalyst methodology. This article highlights the analysis of a community of peasant farmers in the State of Morelos, between 1957 and 1964. Similarly, conclusions were made in relation to the research with working class families of an habitational unit called Legaria in Mexico City, during the decade of 1960. The concept of Mental Health, elaborated by Fromm, is located in the debate about public politics needed to channel Latin American societies on the way to modernization. We will see that, for the specialists in psi disciplines that worked closely with the German sociologist and analyst, the Theory of Social Character was an interpretative key of the political, cultural and subjective vicissitudes implied in the process of industrialization in Mexico. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martynova, Diana A1 - et al., T1 - And religious conceptualizations of greed in the writing of Erich Fromm and John Chrysostom JF - SHS Web of Conferences, 72, 01023 (2019), pp. 1-4. [shs-conferences.org/articles/shsconf/pdf/2019/13/shsconf_appsconf2019_01023.pdf] N2 - In modern society, which is conceptualized as a society of mass consumption and consumer culture, the discussion about the balance of the positively stimulating role and costs of the consumer attitudes as the basis of social behavior does not stop. The greatest danger of consumerism for a person lies, however, not in the socio-economic, but in the ethical psychological aspect of a person’s life. This study seeks to clarify in which categories it is possible to achieve a productive understanding of the role of greed in the development of a person’s spiritual world. A comparative analysis of the reasoning of the classics of Christian and atheistic humanistic ethics makes it possible to see the specifics of the anthropological consideration of greed and draw conclusions about the relevance of educational and pedagogical support to people who have taken the path to combat this spiritual ailment. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Mascaro Querido, Fabio ED - et al., T1 - Teorias Críticas entre passado e presente (Série Idéias15), Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil 2019, 352 pp. Portuguese. [ISBN 978-85-86572-81-4] [ifch.unicamp.br/publicacoes/pf-publicacoes/livro-final-colecaoideias-15-ok.pdf] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Taş, Tuğba T1 - Otoritaryen popülizm ve amerikan ajitatörünün yeni portresi: Nicholas J. Fuentes [Authoritarian Populism and the New Portrait of the American Agitator: Nicholas J. Fuentes] JF - Moment Dergi, Vol. 6, No. 1 (2019), pp. 9-37. [Online ISSN 2148-970X] [dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/764381] N2 - Frankfurt Okulu düşünürleri otoritaryenliğe ilişkin araştırmalarını 1930’lu ve 1940’lı yıllarda yapmışlardır. Theodor W. Adorno ile Leo Löwenthal ve Norbert Guterman’ın araştırmaları ve analizlerinde ortaya koydukları >otoritaryen kişiliksahte peygamberler< in yeni söylemiyle karşılaştırılacaktır. N2 - The Frankfurt School philosophers made research on authoritarianism in the 1930s and 1940s. However, there are parallels between the discourse of agitators and demagogues in the research and analyses of Theodor W. Adorno, Leo Löwenthal and Norbert Guterman, and the discourse of the informal spokesperson of the political leader in the US today. In this sense, the critical theory of authoritarianism advanced by Frankfurt School help us to critically analyze today’s authoritarian populist discourse. Thus in this paper firstly the concept of authoritarian populism will be discussed, then the discourse of the new media personality Nicholas J. Fuentes, who labeled the elites, all non-white people, immigrants, Muslims, Jews and communist as enemies, using white Christian America’s current prejudices will be analyzed, and early research on authoritarianism and anti-Semitism will be compared with >new< discourse of the >false prophets< in online news and social media. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Tegmark, Max T1 - Leben 3.0. Mensch sein im Zeitalter Künstlicher Intelligenz, Berlin (Ullstein), 2019, 528 pp. Y1 - 2019 N1 - Ex libris Rainer Funk ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Theis, Ivo Marcos T1 - A atualidade da utopia na perspectiva de Ernst Bloch [The Actuality of Utopia on the Perspective of Ernst Bloch] JF - Pracs: Revista Eletrônica de Humanidades do Curso de Ciências Sociais da UNIFAP (Macapá), Vol. 12, No. 3 (2019), pp. 7-31. [ISSN 1984-4352] N2 - Neste artigo se procura oferecer uma leitura sobre utopia, em especial, sobre a atualidade da utopia a partir de Ernst Bloch. São seis as sessões em que o artigo está estruturado: à introdução segue uma segunda sessão na qual se apresenta a utopia na vida e na obra de Bloch; a terceira sessão é consagrada à utopia como ela pode ser identificada em >O princípio esperança<; na quarta se dedica atenção à atualidade da noção de utopia segundo Bloch, com especial destaque para a sua relativamente pouco conhecida teoria da assincronia; a quinta seção trata de algumas reconhecidas divergências e alguns pouco mencionados mal-entendidos; e, por fim, a última é destinada à conclusão. N2 - In this article I would like to offer a reading on utopia, especially on the actuality of utopia from the perspective of Ernst Bloch. The article is structured in six parts: after the introduction follows a second part in which utopia is presented in the life and work of Bloch; the third part is devoted to utopia as it can be identified in >The Principle of Hope<; in the fourth part is paid attention to the actuality of the notion of utopia according to Bloch with special emphasis on its relatively little known >theory of asynchrony<; the fifth part deals with some recognized divergences and some little mentioned misunderstandings; and finally the latter part is destined for the conclusion. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Umrath, Barbara T1 - Das Sexuelle zwischen Beherrschung, Instrumentalisierung und Utopie. Grenzen und Potenziale der Kritischen Theorie, in: Windheuser, Jeanette und Kleinau, Elke (Eds.): Generation und Sexualität, Opladen, Berlin, Toronto (Verlag Julius Klinkhardt) 2020, pp. 37-49. [doi.org/10.25656/01:25157] N2 - [First section] Die ältere Kritische Theorie, wie sie ab den 1930er Jahren vom Kreis um Max Horkheimer, Theodor W. Adorno und Herbert Marcuse entwickelt wurde, wurde von feministischer Seite insbesondere im deutschen Sprachraum rege rezipiert.[...] Was Befreiung im Verhältnis zu Sexualität bedeuten könnte, wurde dabei jedoch allenfalls am Rande diskutiert. [...] Im Folgenden möchte ich dieser Frage genauer nachgehen. Dafür werde ich zunächst ausführlich rekonstruieren, wie sich die Kritische Theorie mit dem Sexuellen – im Weiteren verwendet als Oberbegriff für Sexualität und/oder Sexualmoral – beschäftigt hat. In einem ersten Schritt werde ich zeigen, dass diese ein instrumentelles Verhältnis zu Sexualität, Genuss und Glück als Charakteristikum der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft ausmacht und problematisiert. Sodann arbeite ich heraus, dass bürgerliche Subjektkonstitution für die Kritische Theorie aufs Engste mit der Beherrschung des Natürlich-Körperlich-Sexuellen verbunden ist. Schließlich wende ich mich in einem dritten Schritt dem umfassenden Emanzipationsverständnis der Frankfurter Schule zu, das eine Abgrenzung gegenüber bloßer Rebellion und Liberalisierung beinhaltet. Im Fazit argumentiere ich, dass die Reflexionen der klassischen Frankfurter Schule aus Perspektive zeitgenössischer Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung zwar in mancherlei Hinsicht zu kurz greifen, gleichzeitig aber auch heute noch wichtige Anregungen für eine feministische Beschäftigung mit (sexueller) Befreiung bieten. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vena, Patrick T1 - Luovuus ja leikki Päiväkoti-ikäisten lasten leikki luovuuden kenttänä [Creativity and play - Preschool childrens’ play as a field for creativity] Master's thesis, General and Adult Education Science, Faculty of Education, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2019, 91 pp., Finnish. [helda.helsinki.fi/items/9f0d303d-52d7-46f2-8648-aeeaeff30a28] N2 - Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoitus on tutkia päiväkoti-ikäisten lasten vapaata leikkiä luovuuden kenttänä. Pääpaino tutkimuksessa on luovuudella, jota hahmotetaan yksilökeskeisestä, systeemisestä ja kehityksellisestä näkökulmasta. Lasten vapaan leikin merkitys nähdään sen kehitystehtävää palvelevassa tarkoituksessa. Vaikka leikin merkitys on yleisesti tunnustettu, varhaiskasvatuksen kentällä kaivataan syvempää teoreettista ymmärrystä siitä, jotta sitä voitaisiin tukea tehokkaammin. Tutkimuksen tulkinnallisena viitekehyksenä on sosiaalinen konstruktivismi, jonka suuntaamana havainoidaan merkitysten kielellistä rakentumista. Kiinnostuksen kohteena on, mitä merkityksiä leikissä jaetaan, miten leikki rakentuu, ja millainen kenttä leikki on luovuudelle. Tutkimuksen aineisto oli 3-5 -vuotiaiden lasten videoituja vapaita leikkitilanteita, ja se kerättiin vantaalaisessa päiväkodissa keväällä 2017. Leikit videoitiin lasten tavanomaisessa leikki-ympäristössä, ja tutkimusta varten lelujen joukkoon tuotiin muutama esine, joiden soveltavan käytön seuraaminen oli osa tutkimusta. Analyysi toteutettiin leikkipuheen sisällön analyysinä, jossa jäsenneltiin leikissä puhutun sisältöjä ja funktioita, sekä edelleen leikin jäsentymistä episodeihin. Tulosten mukaan lasten leikki näyttäytyi kaksitasoisena toiminnallisena ja vuorovaikutteisena kokonaisuutena, jossa ulompi >konkreettisen maailman taso< oli sisemmän >mielen maailmojen tason< palveluksessa. Keskeistä toiminnassa oli leikin sujuvuus. Luovuus näyttäytyi yhdessä tuotetun leikin äärellä koetteluna, jossa aiemmin opittu ja uudet kokemukset yhteenkietoutuivat leikin rakentuneessa ja alati uudelleen rakentuvassa maailmassa. Leikki rakentui pääasiassa selostamalla, asioita nimeämällä ja uusia ideoita ilmaisemalla, ja oli muodoltaan episodista. Nämä leikin >rakennusaineet< pohjasivat omakohtaisiin kokemuksiin, sekä leikissä tarjolla oleviin uusiin ideoihin. N2 - The purpose of this research is to study preschool children's play as a field of creativity. The emphasis is on creativity, which is outlined from an individual-centered, systemic and developmental perspective. The importance of free play is seen for the purpose of serving its development task. Although the importance of play is generally recognized, the field of education requires a deeper theoretical understanding of how it can be supported more effectively. The study's interpretative framework is social constructivism, which is directed to the linguistic construction of meanings. The point of interest is what meanings are shared in the play, how the play is being constructed, and what kind of field childrens play is for creativity. The material of the study was videoed play of children aged 3-5 years and it was collected in a kindergarten in Vantaa, Finland, in the spring of 2017. The plays were videotaped in the children's normal play environment, and a few objects were introduced for the purpose of research, and the application of which was part of the research. The analysis was carried out as an analysis of the content of the play speech. The content and functions of the spoken language were studied, as well as the episodic structure of the play. According to the results, children's play appeared as a two-level functional and interactive entity, in which the outer >concrete worlds level< was at the service of the inner >imagination worlds level<. Smoothness of play was the central aim in action. Creativity appeared as experimenting together in the play, and previously learned and new experiences intertwined in a constructed and ever-reconstructing world of play. The play was mainly based on describing, naming, and expressing new ideas and its structure was episodic. These >building materials< of play were based on personal experiences, and on new ideas available in the play. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sporrer, Lisa Maria T1 - Eine Wochenende ohne Strom T2 - Schwäbisches Tagblatt, Tübingen, 31. Januar 2019. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wulandari, Erika T1 - Hubungan kepercayaan diri dengan perilaku konsumtif pada mahasiswi fakultas ekonomi dan ilmu social uin suka riau [The Relationship between Self-confidence and Consumer Behavior among Female Students at the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, UIN Suka Riau], Bachelor thesis, Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim, Sumatra, Indonesia 2019, 135+8 pp., Indonesian. [repository.uin-suska.ac.id/25568/] N2 - Perilaku konsumtif adalah perilaku membeli barang secara berlebihan tanpa mempertimbangkan kebutuhan. Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku konsumtif adalah kepercayaan diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepercayaan diri dengan perilaku konsumtif pada mahasiswi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial UIN Suska Riau. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif korelasional. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 320 mahasiswi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial UIN Suska Riau dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu proportionate stratified random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala perilaku konsumtif (Erich Fromm, 1955) dan skala kepercayaan diri (Lauster, 1992). Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment. Berdasarkan data diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar r= -0,129 (p= 0,021 < 0,05) artinya hipotesis diterima, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif antara kepercayaan diri dengan perilaku konsumtif pada mahasiswi. N2 - Consumptive behavior is the behavior of buying goods excessively without considering needs. The factor that can influence consumer behavior is self-confidence. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-confidence and consumptive behavior among students of the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences of UIN Suska Riau. This research is a quantitative correlational study. The number of samples in this study were 320 female students of the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences of UIN Suska Riau with a sampling technique that is proportionate stratified random sampling. The instruments used in this study were the scale of consumptive behavior (Erich Fromm, 1955) and the scale of self-confidence (Lauster, 1992). Data analysis techniques using product moment correlation techniques. Based on the data obtained by the correlation coefficient of r = -0.129 (p = 0.021 <0.05) means that the hypothesis is accepted, this shows that there is a negative relationship between self-confidence and consumptive behavior in female college students. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Werder, Lutz von T1 - Der Gott der Philosophen und die Lebenskunst, Berlin (Schibri-Verlag), 2019, 353 pp. Y1 - 2019 N1 - Ex libris Rainer Funk ER - TY - GEN ED - Tidemann, Markus ED - Bussmann, Bettina T1 - Genderfragen und philosophische Bildung. Geschichte – Theorie – Praxis, Stuttgart (J. B. Metzler) 2019, 299 +12 pp. [ISBN 978-3-476-04928-5] N2 - Mit diesem Band wird eine Lücke in der philosophischen Fachdidaktik geschlossen. Ein historischer Teil stellt zunächst bei gleichzeitig kritischer Diskussion Autorinnen und Autoren vor, die den Geschlechterdiskurs bestimmt haben. Danach wird ein Überblick über die sexuelle und geschlechtliche Vielfalt, ihre Grundlagen und Ausdifferenzierungen gegeben. In theoretischen Abhandlungen geht es anschließend um die Relevanz der Genderforschung für das Selbstverständnis philosophischer Bildung. Praxisspezifische Beiträge demonstrieren schließlich, wie Themen und Aspekte der Genderproblematik für verschiedene Altersstufen und Schulformen aufbereitet werden können. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Löwy, Michael T1 - Erich Fromm: da utopia messiânica à criminologia critica [Erich Fromm: From messianic utopia to critical criminology] JF - DESC – Direito, Economia e Sociedade Contemporânea, Vol. 2, No. 1 (2019), pp. 97-105. [Online ISSN 2596-0318 ] [doi.org/10.33389/desc.v2n1.2019.p97-105] N2 - Este capítulo explora os primeiros trabalhos de Erich Fromm nos anos 1920-1930, em particular, sua >afinidade eletiva< com o messianismo judaico, examinando as ligações entre o pensamento de Fromm, a tradição do marxismo messiânico e também os trabalhos de Freud, a partir do quais ele constrói as bases de desenvolvimento de uma criminologia crítica. Prossegue mostrando como o autor desenvolve uma profunda ligação entre justica punitiva (sistema penal) e sociedade de classes, transformando sua religiosidade numa dimensão utópica, que lhe permite conceber um outro modelo de sociedade oposta à sociedade capitalista. N2 - This chapter explores Erich Fromm’s early works of the 1920–1930s, in particular, its ‘elective affinity’ with Jewish messianism, and examines the links between Fromm’s work and the tradition of messianic Marxism and Freud´s theory from which it draws its significance for the development of a critical criminology. It goes on to show how the author develops a deep connection between punitive justice and class society, transforming his religiosity into a utopian dimension that allows him to conceive another model of society opposed to capitalist society. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pagan, Nicholas Osborne T1 - Jung Chan's >Wild Swans<: Love as a Political Concept [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Sare – Southeast Asian Review of English, Vol. 56, No. 2 (2019), pp. 102-115. N2 - This article explores the different forms of love which appear in a work which is part family memoir, part autobiography, and part literary fiction: Jung Chang’s >Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China< (1991). This exploration is underpinned by theories of love articulated first by Karl Marx and Alexandra Kollontai and later by Erich Fromm and Michael Hardt. In different ways these thinkers all point to the idea that love is not merely a private matter between two individuals but rather a social and political phenomenon. Fromm’s insistence that love changes according to historical and cultural circumstances is shown to be relevant throughout as Chang portrays love adapting to the vast political changes taking place in China from approximately 1924 (when her grandmother became a concubine) until 1976 (the death of Mao). Corresponding to a large extent to the life histories of the >three daughters of China< ─ Chang’s grandmother, Chang’s mother, and Chang herself ─ the article traces a distinctive movement through property love and family love to >winged Eros<-based love, >red love< and finally love as a decision. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Söderlund, Jana T1 - The Emergence of a New Social Movement: Biophilic Design JF - The Emergence of Biophilic Design. Cities and Nature, Cham (Springer) 2019, pp. 1-11. [Online ISBN 978-3-030-29813-5] [doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29813-5_1] N2 - Biophilic design, based on humans’ innate connection to nature, evolved into a social movement over many decades. It emerged from Erich Fromm’s early use of the term biophilia to Edward Wilson’s book on Biophilia, the subsequent Biophilia Hypothesis book by Wilson and Stephen Kellert, to the multi-authored Biophilic Design publication in 2008. This progression involved meetings and discussions between people with a shared understanding of the human biological connection to nature and the need to bring nature back into urbanites daily lives. Their vision and passion led to the emergence of the social movement of biophilic design. The moral vision of bringing nature into city design reflects a shared understanding and collective goal beyond self-interest. There was a communal sense of the associated issues with cities which lack nature, such as disconnection from nature, urban heat island effect and water and air pollution, kindling a desire to initiate change. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tabak, Krešimir A1 - Musić, Ivica T1 - Plemstvo duha u filozofiji Ericha Fromma [The Nobility of Spirit in the Philosophy of Erich Fromm] JF - Hum: časopis Filozofskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Mostaru, Vol. 14, No. 21 (2019), pp. 61-79. [Online ISSN 2303-7431] [hrcak.srce.hr/file/335518] N2 - U intelektualnome diskursu 20. stoljeća umnost kao univerzalnu kategoriju umnogome je zamijenila njezina instrumentalna inačica. U spomenutome stoljeću prevladava distopijska misao koja u život suvremenoga čovjeka unosi nihilizam i apsurd. Univerzalne životne vrijednosti kao vezivno tkivo civilizacije, ideal koji je bio trajno prisutan u povijesti ljudskoga roda, u suvremenome dobu više nisu na istaknutome mjestu. Unatoč tim nepovoljnim okolnostima svojim stvaralaštvom pojedini filozofi odgovorit će na moderne izazove i pokazati postojanje vrijednosti bez kojih civilizacija ne može opstati. Značajnik koji je afirmativno promišljao o životu i tragao za alternativom postojećemu stanju bio je i Erich Fromm. U radu se njegov esencijalizam povezuje s naširoko poznatim i primjenjivanim pojmom >plemstvo duha<. Također se opisuje Frommova kritika kapitalizma i socijalizma kao neodgovarajućih društvenih sustava. Modernoj stvarnosti koja se drži svijetom bez alternative u radu se suprotstavlja Frommova vizija ideala ljudske prirode, odnosno tip karaktera kojemu će biti cilj rast i razvoj svih čovjekovih mogućnosti. Među najvrjednije ljudske mogućnosti ubrajaju se produktivno mišljenje i produktivna ljubav. Najviši oblik produktivnosti pripisuje se revolucionarnomu karakteru, odnosno životnoj orijentaciji koja se identificira s čovječanstvom, rabi univerzalna mjerila te gaji sklonost i ljubav za život. Na kraju se zaključuje kako se bez duhovne plemenitosti ne može održati ni vizija zreloga života. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Taufik, Ahmad T1 - Agama dalam Kehidupan Individu [Religion in Individual life] JF - Edification, Vol. 1, No. 01. (2019), pp. 57-67. [media.neliti.com/media/publications/294850-agama-dalam-kehidupan-individu-debb02ed.pdf] N2 - Religion as a form of human belief in something supernatural or supernatural turns out to be as if accompanying humans in the broad scope of life. Religion has values for human life as people per person and in relation to social life. Besides that religion also has an impact on everyday life. The influence of religion in an individual's life is to give inner stability, feeling of happiness, feeling of protection, a sense of success and satisfaction. This positive feeling will further be a motivator to do religion in the life of an individual besides being a motivation and ethical value is also hope. Y1 - 2019 ER -