TY - GEN A1 - Gu, Hongyan T1 - The Contemporary Significance of Fromm's Idea of Aestheticizing Existence [弗洛姆审美化生存思想的当代意义], Master thesis, Aesthetics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 埃里希·弗洛姆(Erich Fromm)是20世纪著名的哲学家, 思想家和社会学家, 是西方马克思主义的代表人物之一。他综合了马克思的异化理论和弗洛伊德的人格分析学说并建立了审美化生存理论, 从人性角度出发, 透过资本主义经济繁荣的表象, 在哲学范畴内批判了西方资本主义社会全面异化的现象, 揭示了异化现象的形成原因, 并积极探索理想化生存社会的建构。弗洛姆审美化生存理论对现时代中国建设和谐社会、深化>以人为本<原则有着重要的借鉴作用和参考价值。论文主要分为三个部分:第一部分介绍弗洛姆思想形成的理论来源及现实背景。马克思的社会学理论和弗洛伊德的人格分析说对弗洛姆的影响很大, 个人的经历和时代的变迁使他积极地从哲学理论中寻找答案。弗洛姆通过对人的生存困境和社会的现实处境展开对资本主义社会生存危机的批判, 这也是弗洛姆生存思想的现实背景。第二部分系统地介绍了弗洛姆审美化生存思想的建构。以人性为起点, 首先分析了弗洛姆的人性生存论, 积极探索实现审美化生存的基础——生产性人格, 鼓励重生存的生活方式, 并提出理想社会模式的建构。弗洛姆认为只有通过从内到外地全面改革才能实现人的自由解放, 创建生产性人格, 建构审美化生存社会。第三部分介绍对弗洛姆审美化生存思想的评价。首先从人性理论和异化理论分析了审美化生存思想的空想性。其次分析了审美化生存思想的理论意义。弗洛姆审美化生存思想创建了资本主义批判的新维度, 并促进对人精神分析的新视角。最后介绍弗洛姆审美化生存思想对中国建设和谐社会具有重要的借鉴意义, 可以深化对>以人为本<原则的认识, 并积极地促进精神文明建设。弗洛姆审美化生存思想丰富和扩展了国外马克思主义的理论创新, 弗洛姆思想的形成受其生活时代的影响, 弗洛姆对资本主义的批判是不彻底的, 在不推翻资本主义私有制的前提下进行的全面改革也是改良式的。因此我们必须用辩证的历史的发展的观点看待审美化理论, 积极地探索和解决我们在和谐社会建设中遇到的挑战。 N2 - Erich Fromm, a famous philosopher, thinker and sociologist in the 20th century, is one of the representative figures of Western Marxism. From the perspective of human nature, he criticized the phenomenon of total alienation in western capitalist society through the appearance of economic prosperity, revealed the causes of alienation, and actively explored the construction of an idealized living society. Fromm's theory of survival aestheticization has an important reference value for China's construction of a harmonious society and the deepening of the >human-centered< principle. The thesis is divided into three parts: the first part introduces the theoretical source and the practical background of the formation of Fromm's thought. Marx's sociological theory and Freud's personality analysis have a great influence on Fromm, and his personal experience and the changes of the times make him actively seek answers from philosophical theories. Fromm criticized the existential crisis of capitalist society through the predicament of human existence and the real situation of society, which is also the realistic background of Fromm's idea of survival.– The second part systematically introduces the construction of Fromm's idea of aesthetic survival. Taking human nature as the starting point, the first part analyzes Fromm's theory of survival of human nature, actively explores the basis of aesthetic survival - the productive personality, encourages a way of life that emphasizes survival, and proposes the construction of an ideal social model. Fromm argues that only through a comprehensive reform from the inside out can human beings be liberated, a productive personality be created, and a society of aesthetic existence be constructed.– The third part introduces the evaluation of Fromm's idea of aesthetic existence. The first part analyzes the imaginary nature of aesthetic existence from human nature theory and alienation theory. The second part analyzes the theoretical significance of Aesthetic Survival Thought. Fromm's Aesthetic Survival creates a new dimension in the critique of capitalism, and promotes a new perspective in the analysis of human spirit. Finally, it introduces the significance of Fromm's Aesthetic Survival to the construction of a harmonious society in China, which can deepen the understanding of the principle of >people-oriented< and actively promote the construction of spiritual civilization. The formation of Fromm's thought was influenced by the era in which he lived. Fromm's criticism of capitalism was incomplete, and the comprehensive reform carried out on the premise of not overthrowing capitalist private ownership was also reformed. Therefore, we must look at the theory of aestheticism from the perspective of dialectical historical development, and actively explore and solve the challenges we encounter in the construction of a harmonious society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gu, Ruoyan T1 - An Analysis of the Humanity and Ethical Alienation of the Small and Medium-sized Citizens in Grass's >The Tin Drum< [《铁皮鼓》中小市民人性及伦理异化探析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Masterpieces Review [名作欣赏], No. 15 (2019), pp. 127-130. N2 - 《铁皮鼓》以小家庭为单位呈现了小市民社会的缩影,展现了被异化的人性与伦理。小说通过对小市民社会的描绘,映射了同时期病态的德国社会,揭示了纳粹得以滋生壮大的社会根源。本文结合马克思伦理思想及弗洛姆人性异化论,分析《铁皮鼓》中小市民社会畸形的人际关系与生活方式,从而理解作品中深刻的历史反思主题。 N2 - >The Tin Drum< presents a microcosm of small civil society as a small family, showing the alienated humanity and ethics. Through the depiction of the small civil society, the novel maps the morbid German society at the same time, revealing the social roots of the Nazis' growth and growth. This thesis combines Marx's ethical thoughts and Fromm's theory of alienation of humanity to analyze the interpersonal relationship and life style of the social malformation of the small and medium-sized citizens in the >The Tin Drum<, so as to understand the profound historical reflection theme in the works. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gui, Shan T1 - A Study of Fromm's Social Theory from the Perspective of Marxism [基于马克思主义视角的弗洛姆社会理论研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Jiangsu Provincial Party School, Jiangsu, China 2019. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆是人本主义的马克思主义的重要理论家,一生著作颇丰。他的主要代表作有《逃避自由》、《自我的追寻》、《健全的社会》、《马克思论人》、《弗洛伊德思想的贡献与局限》等。弗洛伊德的精神分析学说和马克思主义学说是其思想的主要来源。作为一个精神分析治疗师,弗洛姆创造性地发挥了弗洛伊德的无意识理论,提出了自己的社会无意识理论,这也成为他的社会理论的基础。在研究人的心理状态时,他不仅考虑到了人的生理本能因素,更多地看到了社会历史文化因素对人的心理状态的影响。只有深入研究这些因素对人的性格结构的影响,才能理解现代人为什么要逃避自由,也才能看清现代资本主义社会的病态本质,从而寻求一种健全的人道主义社会。本文试图理清弗洛姆社会理论的逻辑进路,研究他的理论的核心基础和基本内容,发现从人性层面到社会层面的弊病以及解决之道。最后从总体上对弗洛姆的社会理论进行批判性的评价。第一章是阐述弗洛姆社会理论的生成背景和思想渊源,使我们对弗洛姆其人有一个整体上的认识和把握。第二章首先指出了弗洛姆社会理论的基础—无意识理论,其次探讨了社会理论的基本内容及其丰富内涵。其中,弗洛姆分析了现代人逃避自由的心理机制,并探讨了社会性格的两种类型。弗洛姆认为我们应当与世界建立起自发创造性的联系,用爱与理性的力量创造性地生活。在这里他重点强调了社会无意识和社会性格在联结经济基础和意识形态之间的中介作用。最后阐述了弗洛姆对病态社会的剖析及他对健全的人道主义社会的构想。第三章从马克思主义的视角对其理论进行了批判性的评价,分析了它的理论价值和局限性。 N2 - Erich Fromm was an important theoretician of Marxist humanism and wrote many books in his life. His major works are >Escape from Freedom<, >Man for Himself<, >The Sane Society<, >Marx’s Concept of Man<, >Greatness and Limitations of Freud’s Thought< and so on. Freud’s psychoanalysis and Marxism are the main sources of his thoughts. As a psychoanalytic therapist, Fromm creatively developed Freud’s theory of unconsciousness and put forward his own theory of social unconsciousness, which became the basis of his social theory. When studying people’s psychological state, he not only considered people’s physiological instinctive factors, but also saw the influence of social, historical and cultural factors on people’s psychological state. Only by deeply studying the influence of these factors on people’s character structure, can we understand why modern people want to escape from freedom and see the pathological nature of modern capitalist society, so as to seek a sound humanitarian society. This study tries to clarify the logic process of Fromm’s social theory, study the core foundation and basic content of his theory, and find out the maladies from the human dimension to the social dimension and the solutions. At last, this study critically evaluates Fromm’s social theory on the whole. The first chapter is to expound the forming background and ideological origin of Fromm’s social theory, so that we have a general understanding of him.– The second chapter firstly points out the foundation of Fromm’s social theory – the theory of unconsciousness, and then probes into the basic content and rich connotation of his social theory. Fromm analyzed the psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom of modern people and discussed two types of social characters. Fromm believes that we should establish a spontaneous and creative connection with the world and use the power of love and reason to live creatively. Here he emphasizes the mediating role of social unconsciousness and social character in gluing economic foundation and ideology. At last, this study expounds Fromm’s analysis of the sick society and his conception of the sound humanitarian society.– The third chapter critically evaluates his theory from the perspective of Marxism and analyzes its theoretical value and limitations. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guo, Xiaofei T1 - A Review of Fromm’s Thoughts of Goodness [弗洛姆的善的思想述评] JF - Journal of Shaoxing University(Humanities and Social Sciences) [ 绍兴文理学院学报(人文社会科学),] No. 5 (2019), pp. 81-87. N2 - 弗洛姆是心理学领域少有的关注和重视善的研究的心理学家。弗洛姆的许多著作涉及伦理学论题,且将善作为分析和研究的核心主题。弗洛姆认为,人性的善恶应该从人的社会关系视角加以分析,从性格的形成和发展的规律角度解析人的善恶机制,他相信人类可以构架一种基于友善或爱的和谐的社会关系。梳理和解析弗洛姆的善的本质观、善的人性观、善的发生机制和善的社会关系的思想,对建设和谐社会具有理论指导意义。 N2 - Fromm is a rare psychologist who focuses on and highly values the study of goodness in the field of psychology. Many of Fromm’s works deal with ethical thesis, making goodness a central theme of analysis and research. Fromm believes that the evil and goodness in human nature should be analyzed from the perspective of human social relations, and the mechanism of human evil and goodness interpreted from the law of the formation and development of character. Fromm believes that human beings can structure harmonious social relations based on care or love. It is of theoretical guiding significance for the construction of a harmonious society by combing and analyzing Fromm’s views on the nature and humanity of goodness, the generative mechanism of goodness and the thought of good social relations. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Min T1 - The Dual Dimensions of Freedom – Thoughts on the View of Freedom in >Escape from Freedom< [自由的双重维度——对《逃避自由》中自由观的思考] JF - Legal System and Society [法制与社会], No. 21 (2019), pp. 228-229. N2 - 自由作为人类向往的精神境界,一直是社会研究的重要主题。弗洛姆在《逃避自由》中,从心理学角度出发,对自由做出了自己的阐述。积极自由和消极自由作为自由两种不同的表现形式,表达了在追寻个人自由时的不同侧重点。与此同时,弗洛姆所倡导的积极自由与马克思眼中的全面自由发展又存在区分唯心主义与唯物主义标准的区别。本文就是在阅读《逃避自由》之后,就自由这一主题进行探讨。 N2 - As the spiritual realm of humanity, freedom has always been an important subject of social research. Fromm's >Escape from Freedom<, from the perspective of psychology, he made his own interpretation of freedom. Positive freedom and negative freedom, as two different expressions of freedom, express different focuses in the pursuit of individual liberty. At the same time, the positive freedom advocated by Fromm and the comprehensive free development in the eyes of Marx have the distinction between idealism and materialism. This article is to explore the theme of freedom after reading >Escape from Freedom<. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Qian T1 - Women’s Escape in Life – Interpretation of >Dear Life< from the Perspective of Fromm's View of Freedom [女性在生活中的逃离 – 弗洛姆自由观视域下的《亲爱的生活》解读], Master thesis, English Languange and Literature, Henan Normal University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 爱丽丝•门罗是加拿大女性作家,2013年诺贝尔文学奖得主。她终身致力于短篇小说创作,享有>我们的契科夫<的盛誉,是当代短篇小说大师。门罗最新的一部短篇小说集《亲爱的生活》于2012年出版,由十四篇故事组成,揭示了门罗关于成长,婚姻,爱情,疾病和死亡的永恒主题;这部小说一经发表就引起了广大评论界的关注;同时,它也是门罗力荐给读者的最后也是最好的一部作品。国内外许多学者以及文学评论家从多个不同角度评析爱丽丝•门罗的小说《亲爱的生活》。然而,大多数研究关注主题、文化、叙事艺术,女性主义、存在主义,比较文学及心理学等方面。门罗对女性生活日常的心理刻画细致入微,她笔下的女性人物在追寻着自由的同时又在逃避着自由;生活于她们而言是一场自由进行曲,这使得她们挣扎于个体自我、家庭和社会期望之间的矛盾需求。而弗洛姆的自由说中所蕴含的一些独特阐释又恰恰为这一研究提供了理论支持。本文借埃里希•弗洛姆的自由论试析《亲爱的生活》中五个故事里的女性。全文分为三个部分,引言、正文和结论;其中,正文本分由四个章节组成。引言介绍了爱丽丝•门罗和小说《亲爱的生活》,埃里希•弗洛姆的自由论,以及国内外对门罗的《亲爱的生活》的研究和评论,进而点明本文的研究意义:以弗洛姆的自由观中所涉及的>纽带<、>逃避<、>自发<为理论出发点,分析门罗的小说,揭示女性生活的实质。第一章是本文的理论基础。详细阐述了弗洛姆自由论的三个重要概念,>纽带<>逃避<与>自发<。在现代社会,个体为获得自由摆脱了曾赋予其生命以意义和安全的所有>纽带<,却又陷入了无能为力及孤立的状态。为了摆脱这种不安全的状态,个体开始竭力>逃避<自由,却被束缚在新纽带关系之中。但以牺牲个体自我为代价的新纽带并不能恢复他失掉的安全感。因此,这种>逃避<又给人套上了新的枷锁。而>自发<以不压抑自我、不割裂理性与本性为前提,能够帮助个体获得真实自我并依照其自由意志进行活动,使其重新找回安全感,实现真正意义上的自由。第二章从>纽带<的双重含义来具体分析女性在生活中所面临的困境。女性在不同的人生阶段扮演着多重角色,相应的也承受着多重的困境;而>纽带<,作为女性与家庭和社会联系的节点,在给予女性安全感的同时,也限制了她们对自由和自我实现的追寻;因此,女性徘徊于自我需求,家庭责任和社会期待的矛盾边缘,而她们的追寻也被现实生活中的日常琐碎日渐湮没,并逐渐在家庭与社会生活中变得无力与孤独。因此,>纽带<又成为了她们追求自由与自我实现的一种束缚与枷锁。第三章以>逃避<的深层次概念来关注女性在生活中的心理历程。自由所带来的孤独与无力感迫使女性个体在逃离束缚后开始寻求新的>纽带<关系。以感性占据统治地位的女性以爱之名屈从于外在男性权威,致使她们在生活中为了寻求丢失的安全感而牺牲掉一部分的自我。而内在权威又假借责任和良心之名无形地制约着女性,迫使她们在生活中放弃自我需求,回归理性。无论是感性占据抑或是理性占据,都是一种割裂自我,压抑自我的>逃避<,因此,新的>纽带<是暂时的,脆弱的。第四章从>自发<的概念进一步阐释了女性在生活中屡屡失败的根本原因及出路。女性>逃避<到新的>纽带<关系中注定是失败的,生活中的意外与悲剧便是最好的见证;女性对权威的依附其实是对安全感和权利的依附,而这种以牺牲部分或全部自我为代价的>逃避<是不牢固的,一旦时机成熟便会再次唤醒女性对内在自我的追寻;因此,自发性的缺失是导致失败的根本原因;唯有在实现自我的完整性的基础上,女性才能在寻求自由与幸福的同时与他人建立起平等独立的关系。基于以上的讨论和分析,结论部分指出门罗所塑造的女性人物在不同的人生阶段面临着不同的生存困境,表面上看似幸福的生活背后隐藏的是无尽的孤独与无力感。面对社会与家庭的双重压力,女性游走于社会或家庭需求与自我需求的矛盾边缘,不论是被动的屈服或主动地尝试,在现实生活中,她们仍然会与意外与悲剧不期而遇。尽管,这种生存困境对于女性而言是一种普遍存在的现象,但她们对自由和幸福的追寻是永无止境的。而且,她们终将通过自发性的活动找到生活的意义。 N2 - Alice Munro, a Canadian female writer, was the winner of Nobel Prize in Literature in 2013. She devotes all her life to the creation of short stories, known as >our Chekov<, and she is considered as a master of contemporary short stories. Munro’s latest collection of short stories >Dear Life< was published in 2012, which consists of 14 stories that reveal Munro’s eternal themes of growth, marriage, love, disease and death. It has attracted the attention of a wide range of critics once it was published; at the same time, it is also the last and the best work that Munro recommends to readers. Many scholars and critics at home and abroad have analyzed Alice Munro’s novel >Dear Life< from various perspectives. However, most studies focus on themes, culture, narrative arts, feminism, existentialism, comparative literature and psychology and etc. Munro’s psychological portrayal of women’s daily life is meticulous, and female characters in her novel are escaping from freedom while pursuing freedom; and life for them is the march of freedom, which makes them struggle with the contradictory demands among their individual selves, family and social expectations. And some of the unique interpretations contained in Fromm’s theory of freedom provide theoretical support for this research. This thesis tries to analyze the female characters of five stories in >Dear Life< from the perspective of Erich Fromm’s theory of freedom. It is divided into three parts, including introduction, body and conclusion, of which the body part is composed of four chapters. The first part introduces Alice Munro and >Dear Life<, Erich Fromm’s theory of freedom, as well as researches and comments on Munro’s Dear Life at home and abroad, and then points out the research significance of this thesis. And the paper takes the >bond<, >escape< and >spontaneity< involved in Fromm’s view of freedom as the theoretical starting points to analyze Munro’s novel and reveal the essence of women’s life. Chapter one is the theoretical basis of this thesis, which expounds three main concepts of Fromm’s theory of freedom in detail, such as >bond<, >escape< and >spontaneity<. The individual in modern society gets rid of all the >bonds< that once gave meaning and security to life and gains freedom but again falls into the state of powerlessness and isolation. In order to get rid of this state of insecurity, the individual strives to >escape< from freedom but is driven into a new bond. But this bond, at the expense of sacrificing the individual self, would not restore his lost security. Therefore, this >escape< from freedom makes the individual trap into a new bondage. However, based on the premise of without suppressing oneself or splitting reason and nature, >spontaneity< can help the individual obtain the real self and behave by his free will, which makes him regain security and realize the true sense of freedom. Chapter two illustrates women’s dilemmas in life from the dual meaning of >bond<. Women play multiple roles at different stages of life, and correspondingly suffer from multiple dilemmas. However, >bond<, as a node connecting women with family and society, not only gives them a sense of security but also limits their pursuit of freedom and self-realization. Therefore, women linger on the brink of contradiction among their individual demands and family responsibilities and social expectations, and their pursuit seems to be annihilated by daily trivialities in actual life, and gradually become powerless and isolated in family and social life. Thus, the >bond< again becomes a kind of bondage and yoke which gets in the way of their pursuit of freedom and self-realization. Chapter three focuses on the deep concept of >escape< to pay attention to women’s psychological process in life. The state of isolation and powerlessness brought about by freedom forces women to begin to seek the new >bond< relationship after escaping from bondage. Women dominated by sensibilities succumb to external male authority in the name of love, which make them sacrifice parts of their individual selves in life to find the lost sense of security. But the internal authority again restricts women intangibly in the name of responsibility and conscience, forcing them to give up their individual demands and come to their senses in life. Whether woman’s emotional occupation or rational occupation, it is a kind of >escape< that separates oneself and suppresses oneself, therefore, the new >bond< is temporary and fragile. Chapter four further explains the fundamental cause and the way out of women’s successive failures in life through the concept of >spontaneity<. It is doomed to fail for woman to >escape< to the new >bond< relationship, and the accident and tragedy in life are good evidences. And their attachment to authority is actually a dependency on the power and security, and the >escape< at the expense of sacrificing parts or all of the self is fragile. Once the time is ripe, they will be awakened again to pursue their inner selves. Therefore, the absence of spontaneity is the fundamental cause of failure. Only on the premise of the realization of self-integrity, can women build the equal and independent >bonds< with others while seeking freedom and happiness. Based on the above discussion and analysis, the conclusion part points out that the female characters created by Munro are confronted with different predicaments at different stages of life, and endless isolation and powerlessness hide behind the seeming happiness in life. Being confronted with the double pressure from society and family, women struggle on the edge of the contradiction between social or family demands and individual self’s demand. No matter the passive submission or the active attempt, woman still meet with accidents and tragedies unexpectedly in actual life. Although these plights of survival are the universal phenomena for women, their pursuit of freedom and happiness is endless. And they will eventually find the meaning of life through spontaneous activities. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Qiuting T1 - Study on the Humanization Governance of Alienation of Micro-Communication Technologies [微通讯技术异化的人道化治理研究], Master thesis, Philosophy of Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China 2019. N2 - 当今社会,技术发展迅猛。以微信、微博、TWITTER等为代表的微通讯技术,在为人类带来丰富的信息与便捷的生活的同时,也在逐渐脱离人的掌控,背离技术最初的目的,变成人类发展相对立的异己力量。一方面,社会的发展需要技术的进步,因而绝不能一味地反对微通讯技术的发展,忽视其积极作用。另一方面,也要清醒地认识到其负面作用,正确地认识微通讯技术异化,把握微通讯技术的本质,通过思想上重视人的本质,技术活动中实际强调人的本质的实现,以求达到人、微通讯技术与自然的和谐发展。对微通讯技术异化人道化治理的探索不仅对促进微通讯技术的更好发展有着重要意义,对我们今天面临的普遍的科技异化现象的缓解和解决有着深刻的参考价值,同时也为我国未来的科学技术发展和现代化建设提供参照。首先对文中的重要概念进行界定,阐述本文的理论依据,包括马克思人的本质理论、马尔库塞异化理论与弗洛姆的技术人道化理论,表明技术人道化是逐渐消解技术异化的作用,关注人的本质与创造力的实现,使技术社会回到人类的控制之下。以移动互联技术时代的代表微通讯技术为对象进行研究,其发展现状是拥有庞大的用户群体、提供丰富的功能、影响力深入人们生活的方方面面,成为人的生存方式。从二重论述微通讯技术对人的影响。微通讯技术的正面效应包括使人可在虚拟空间中进行人际交往、可即时获取海量信息、更易进行个性化的展现与表达、对公共事务的参与感与干预力加强。微通讯技术的负面效应包括造成人的严重的碎片化现象、不同程度的微通讯依赖,给人带来隐私危机和安全威胁、虚假不良信息泛滥等。当微通讯技术违背了人的目的,脱离了人的控制,并导致人的价值与自由的失去时,微通讯技术对人产生了异化。分析微通讯技术异化的表现,主要包括思维异化、社交异化、审美异化、消费异化、休闲异化。探究微通讯技术异化的原因,提出微通讯技术异化具有技术性的原因、主体性的原因和社会性的原因。对微通讯技术异化的治理应该从单一的社会治理向人道化治理发展,首先从思想上治理,以人为先,强调技术活动中要时刻体现人的本质以及技术为人的目的。提出微通讯技术异化人道化治理这一主张并阐述其基本思想,以人性引导和规约技术发展,关注人的生命质量,维护人的自由本质。探索微通讯技术异化人道化治理的主要途径,从技术性、主体性、社会性三方面提出具体的措施,以求实现技术的人性化、人文化、人道化发展。将人道化治理思想用于广泛的技术领域,可以推动技术真正成为人的技术,促进人的自由而全面的发展。 N2 - In today’s society, technology is developing rapidly. The micro-communication technology represented by Weixin, Weibo and TWITTER, while bringing abundant information and convenient life to human beings, is gradually divorcing from human control, deviating from the original purpose of technology, and becoming an alien force opposed to human development. On the one hand, social development needs technological progress, so we must not blindly oppose the development of micro-communication technology and ignore its positive role. On the other hand, we should be aware of its negative effects, correctly understand the alienation of micro-communication technology, grasp the essence of micro-communication technology, attach importance to the essence of human beings ideologically, and actually emphasize the realization of human nature in technological activities in order to achieve the harmonious development of human, micro-communication technology and nature. The exploration of the humanized governance of the alienation of micro-communication technology is not only of great significance to promote the better development of micro communication technology, but also of profound reference value to alleviate and solve the widespread phenomenon of the alienation of science and technology which we are facing today, as well as to provide reference for the future development of science and technology and modernization construction in China. Firstly, this paper defines the important concepts and elaborates the theoretical basis of this paper, including Marx’s theory of human nature and Fromm’s theory of technological humanization. It shows that technological humanization is the gradual elimination of the role of technological alienation, awakening people’s own rational consciousness, making people get rid of the blind worship and excessive dependence on technology as soon as possible, restoring people’s subjective initiative and creativity, and making technology. The academic society is under the control of human beings. This paper studies the representative micro-communication technology in the era of mobile interconnection technology. Its development status is that it has a huge user group, provides rich functions and influences in all aspects of people’s lives, and becomes a way of life. This paper discusses the influence of micro-communication technology on human beings from two aspects. The positive effects of micro communication technology include making it possible for people to communicate in virtual space, accessing massive information instantly, showing and expressing individually more easily, and strengthening the sense of participation and intervention in public affairs. The negative effects of micro-communication technology include the serious fragmentation of human beings, the dependence on micro-communication in different degrees, the privacy crisis and security threat to human beings, and the flood of false and bad information. When micro-communication technology violates human’s purpose, breaks away from human’s control, and leads to the loss of human’s value and freedom, micro-communication technology has alienated people. This paper analyses the manifestations of the alienation of micro communication technology, including thinking alienation, social alienation, aesthetic alienation, consumption alienation and leisure alienation. This paper explores the reasons for the alienation of micro-communication technology, and puts forward the technical, subjective and social reasons for the alienation of micro-communication technology. The governance of the alienation of micro-communication technology should develop from a single social governance to a humane governance. Firstly, it should be ideologically governed and people-oriented, emphasizing that the essence of human beings and the purpose of technology for human beings should always be embodied in technological activities. This paper puts forward the idea of alienation and humane governance of micro-communication technology and expounds its basic idea. It guides and regulates technological development with humanity, pays attention to the quality of human life and safeguards the nature of human freedom. This paper explores the main ways of the alienation and humanization of micro-communication technology, and puts forward concrete measures from three aspects of technology, subjectivity and sociality in order to realize the humanization, humanization and humanization of technology. The application of humanized governance thought in a wide range of technical fields can promote technology to become human technology and promote the free and comprehensive development of human beings. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, W. G. A1 - Unterrainer, Christina A1 - Hoege, Thomas T1 - Psychological Research on Organisational Democracy: A Meta-Analysis of Individual, Organisational, and Societal Outcomes JF - Applied Psychology: An International Review, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2019, pp. 1-63. doi: 10.1111/apps.12205 N2 - Our meta-analytic review investigates how employee participation in democratic enterprises is related to psychological outcomes. We gathered 60 studies through a systematic literature search of quantitative field studies (published between January 1970 and May 2017) and extracted 138 effect sizes related to three indicators of organisational democracy (OD) and 15 psychological outcomes. The overall findings suggest that employees’ individually perceived participation in organisational decision making (IPD) had a stronger relation to job satisfaction (ρ = .25), job involvement/work motivation (ρ = .36), prosocial work behaviours (ρ = .24), civic and democratic behaviours (ρ = .21) and perceived supportive climate (ρ = .44) than the other two OD indicators: structurally anchored employee participation (SAEP) and employee participation in collective ownership (EO). This was not the case for valuebased commitment: the relations of SAEP (ρ = .40), EO (ρ = .34), and IPD (ρ = .46) with commitment were nearly equal. Mediation analyses indicated that IPD partially mediated most of the effects of SAEP and EO on the outcomes mentioned. The cross-sectional database and a small number of studies for some of the outcomes are the main limitations of this study. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wei, Wen T1 - A Reading of >The Great Gatsby< in Light of Fromm’s Humanistic Ethics [《了不起的盖茨比》的人道主义伦理解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Wuyi University (Social Sciences Edition) [邑大学学报(社会科学版), No. 1 (2019), pp. 42-45, 94.Wen N2 - 俯瞰尘世的医生眼睛是《了不起的盖茨比》的中心意象,它暗含着菲茨杰拉德对美国消费社会时代病症的诊断。以弗洛姆的人道主义伦理理论分析,消费社会的病症体现在三方面:人异化成商品;爱表现为占有和束缚;病态社会造成人的疯狂和堕落。盖茨比的了不起在于他超越了病态的爱欲表达,坚持对梦想的追求。菲茨杰拉德通过塑造盖茨比这个人物,批判美国消费社会下人性荒漠的现实,表达对美好人性的乐观期望。 N2 - In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses the imagery of a pair of doctor’s eyes overlooking the dusty world, which implies a diagnosis of the Jazz Age of America. This paper analyzes the characters in the novel according to the three criteria proposed by Erich Fromm of judging the sanity of a society: the independence of the individual, the expression of love by and the creativity of the individual. We find that the text expresses an optimistic expectation of the future society while criticizing the alienation of human beings in the commercial society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vajda, Mihály A1 - Smitmans-Vajda, Barbara T1 - Erinnerungen an Ágnes Heller JF - Latenz - Journal für Philosophie und Gesellschaft, Vol. 4: Der künstliche Mensch, Mössingen (Talheimer Verlag) 2010, pp. 141-168. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vaslamatzis, Grigoris T1 - Memories, or attempts to dream undreamt traumas? >Souvenirs dormants< (Sleeping memories) by Patrick Modiano, under the gaze of Thomas Ogden JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 29 (No. 1, 2020), pp. 022-026. N2 - In >Sleeping memories< (2017), French writer Patrick Modiano confronts the past and his memories in a different way compared with his previous novels, as he keeps trying to revisit and reprocess them. In this book he adds a new method, the dreaming revision of memories, especially traumatic ones, turning to the work of Marquis d’Hervey de Saint-Denys, >Les rêves et les moyens de les diriger: Observations pratiques.< I would suggest that in this way he dreams undreamt traumas, thereby transforming them. In doing so, Modiano meets Thomas Ogden’s art of psychoanalysis. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Jingyan T1 - A Study of Alienation in >Olive Kitteridge< [《奥莉芙•基特里奇》的异化研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 伊丽莎白•斯特劳特是当代美国文坛著名的一位女作家,她的一生创作了多部小说。2008年,斯特劳特发表了《奥莉芙•基特里奇》,该小说入围了2008年美国国家书评人协会奖,后来成为《纽约时报》的畅销书,也使得她一举拿下2009年的普利策奖和意大利Premio Bancarella奖。之后,这本小说被HBO改编成了电视剧,获得了第67届艾美奖13项提名。《奥莉芙•基特里奇》无疑是一本十分成功的小说。但国内外对该小说的研究并不多,且大多数研究都侧重于女性主义,荒诞主义,心理分析等视角。斯特劳特精于描写平凡小镇的平凡人物,但在平凡人物关系中,却或多或少的存在着冷漠、疏离与孤独。因此,本论文运用弗洛姆的异化思想,从四个方面解读《奥莉芙•基特里奇》中的异化现象。本论文分为三个部分,分别是:引言、主体、结语三个部分。引言部分概述了伊丽莎白•斯特劳特的生平和她的所有作品,综述了《奥莉芙•基特里奇》在国内外的研究。其次,本论文研究了《奥莉芙•基特里奇》中异化现象的原因,同时介绍了弗洛姆的生平以及异化思想。主体分为四章。第一章解读了小说中情感的异化,这种异化主要表现在两个方面。异化的情感首先表现为偶像崇拜式的爱,在恋爱关系中,一方把另一方当作>偶像<一样崇拜,以至于在爱的人身上丢失了自己;其次表现为夫妻各自的婚外情,这种婚外情主要是由于婚后沟通能力的丧失,夫妻间对婚内生活的不满以及受到性欲望的诱惑造成的。第二章侧重分析了父母与孩子关系的异化,这在小说中表现在三个方面。首先体现在上一代父母亲的自杀给孩子的内心造成了严重创伤,导致孩子长大后精神失常或者性格有缺陷而想要自杀。其次,这种异化还表现在父母对孩子的异化权威。父母过度控制地孩子的生活,导致孩子人格的不完整以及心理疾病的出现。最后,父母与孩子关系的异化还导致了孩子的父母亲情结。孩子在的成长过程中,难以摆脱父母形象,既想要赶紧脱离父母的力量,又想找一个和父母形象、性格等相似的人相伴终身。此外,父亲情结还会导致孩子的过度自我压抑和顺从;具有母亲情结的人则会过分依附于他者,无法获得健全生活。第三章介绍了小镇人的异化,这种异化主要是由机械式生活,与他者疏远以及自我身份的不确定导致的。单调的生活使得小镇人变得麻木,冷漠,如同机器一般。小镇人对他者漠不关心,有的甚至疏远他人,过起了与世隔绝的生活,俨然变成了隐士。第四章主要指出了通往健全生活的方式。健全的生活需要创造性的爱,爱是个体存在的最基本需求,也是通往健全生活的必要条件。另外,人需要定位坐标来界定自我身份。满足个体定位坐标需要客观地看待世界;同时也需要感性地与世界相连。此外,人需要与他者关联,摆脱内心的孤独与压抑。结语部分概括了《奥莉芙•基特里奇》中的异化表现,指出了小说文本与异化理论结合的意义。通过对小说中异化的研究,读者能从全新的视角理解本小说。此外,小说中的异化也是现实世界异化的缩影,折射出人与人之间普遍存在的异化现象,而对通往健全之路的分析则有利于改善人与人之间的异化。 N2 - Elizabeth Strout is one of the most famous contemporary woman writers in America, and she has written many novels in her life. In 2008, Strout published >Olive Kitteridge<, which won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the Premio Bancarella Award. In addition, it was also a finalist for the 2008 National Book Critics Circle Award and later became a New York Times bestseller. Later, >Olive Kitteridge< was adapted into TV series by HBO and won 13 nominations for the 67th Emmy Award. >Olive Kitteridge< is undoubtedly a very successful novel. However, there are not many studies and researches on this novel both at home and abroad. Most of the existing studies and researches focus on perspectives of feminism, absurdism and psychoanalysis. Strout is specialized in depicting ordinary people with more or less indifference, alienation and loneliness in ordinary towns. Therefore, this thesis uses Fromm’s alienation theory to interpret the phenomenon of alienation from four aspects in >Olive Kitteridge<. The thesis is divided into three parts: introduction, the main body and conclusion. The introduction part outlines the life of Elizabeth Strout and all her works, and summarizes the researches on >Olive Kitteridge< at home and abroad. Then the introduction part shows the significance of the analysis of alienation in >Olive Kitteridge<. Finally, it gives a brief introduction to Erich Fromm and alienation theory. The body part consists of four chapters.– The first chapter interprets the alienated love, which firstly can be shown by idolatrous love. In idolatrous love, one worships the loved one as an ‘idol’ and becomes part of the one he loves, so that he loses himself in love and becomes an idolatrous worshipper. In the second place, the alienated love in the novel can be illustrated through extramarital affairs, which are mainly caused by the inability of communication after marriage, the dissatisfaction within marriage life and the temptation of sexual desire.– The second chapter lays stress on the alienation in parent-child relations, which can be reflected in the novel in three aspects. Firstly, the suicide of the previous generation has caused severe trauma to children. When these children grow up, they become mentally disturbed or have character defects, or they even want to commit suicide. Meanwhile, the alienated relations can also be shown through the overwhelming authority over children in the novel. The excessive parental control over children’s life lead to their incomplete personality and mental illness. Furthermore, the alienation between parents and children also leads to matriarchal and patriarchal complex. During the process of growth, it is difficult for some children to get rid of the mother and father figures. As a result, they not only want to break away from the power of their parents, but also want to marry a person who is similar to their parents’ image and personality. What’s more, patriarchal complex will lead to children’s excessive self-repression and submission, while children with matriarchal complex are too attached to others to live a sane life.– The third chapter deals with the alienation in townspeople, which is caused by mechanical life, estrangement from others and the uncertainty of self-identity. The monotonous life leads to the numbness and aloofness of townspeople who just repeat their daily life like a machine. In addition, people in this small town are indifferent to others. What’s more, some of them even estrange themselves from others. As a result, they live in isolation and become somewhat hermits.– The fourth chapter focuses on the ways to sane life. One is the productive love, which is the most fundamental necessity for individual and essential requirement for the way to sane life. What’s more, man needs a frame of orientation to define his identity. To satisfy the need of a frame of orientation, one should see the world objectively and get in touch with the world with passion. What’s more, to live a sane life, man needs to relate to others to get rid of his loneliness and depression.– Conclusion part summarizes the alienation phenomenon in >Olive Kitteridge< and points out the significance of the study. Through the study of the alienation, the novel can be understood from a new perspective. In addition, the alienation in the novel is also the epitome of the alienation in the real world, reflecting the alienation phenomenon which exists among people universally. And the analysis of the ways to sane life is conducive to getting rid of the alienation among people. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stickelmann, Bernd T1 - Vermummte Aufklärung. Gedichte JF - Latenz - Journal für Philosophie und Gesellschaft, Vol. 4: Der künstliche Mensch, Mössingen (Talheimer Verlag) 2010, pp. 81-96. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Strohmeyer, Arn T1 - Der Kampf um die Wahrheit. Israels Politik gegenüber den Palästinensern aus Sicht der Psychoanalyse (= Beiträge zur Internationalen Politik 14), Herne (Gabriele Schäfer Verlag) 2019, 220 pp. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strohmeyer, Arn T1 - Erich Fromm - Humanität aus den Wurzeln des Judentums JF - A. Strohmeyer: Der Kampf um die Wahrheit. Israels Politik gegenüber den Palästinensern aus Sicht der Psychoanalyse (= Beiträge zur Internationalen Politik 14), Herne (Gabriele Schäfer Verlag) 2019, pp. 46-60. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sui, Lei T1 - Morbid Or Healthy? – Fromm's Theory of Alienation of Humanity, >Love, Again< [病态还是健康? – 弗洛姆人性异化理论解读《又来了,爱情》], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 多丽丝•莱辛是文学史上第十一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的女作家,被誉为继伍尔芙之后最伟大的女性作家。《又来了,爱情》是莱辛的一部晚年力作。小说分别讲述了殖民地时期黑人奴隶的私生子朱莉与贵族子弟以及年迈的现代白种女人萨拉与年轻男子的爱情故事。两位女性博学多才,坚强独立,却因为种族歧视、道德偏见和等级观念等社会问题而被剥夺了爱的权利。莱辛借此抨击了当时社会存在的不公平现象,呼吁以爱为纽带缔结人与人之间真正的平等。弗洛姆的人性异化理论包括权威主义、数量化和抽象化的价值观、以及爱的能动性的缺乏三个方面。匿名权威伪装成普遍常识和公众舆论,使个人服从社会舆论和道德良知,消除了人的创造性,剥夺了人的自由,危害了人的全面发展。资本主义经济色迅速发展,其重要特点就是数量化和抽象化。人们生活的中心就是对金钱、权力、荣誉的无止境的追求,从而丧失了人的意义。现代社会人际关系冷漠无情,相互排挤,缺乏能动性的爱,无论是夫妻之情还是同胞之爱都缺乏真情实意。本文从权威主义对人性的压迫、数量化和抽象化的价值观对人性的扭曲,以及爱的能动性的缺失导致的人性冷漠三个角度出发,对《又来了,爱情》一书中不同历史时期不同人物在异化的社会中所产生的异化现象进行解读。本文通过对《又来了,爱情》中异化现象的分析,旨在探寻导致资本主义社会人性异化的原因,以及男女主人公是如何通过发挥自身潜能减轻甚至消除异化的,警示我们只有发挥理性认识和创造性思维、选择强调存在的生活方式、培养创造性的爱和人道主义良心,才能保持个人人格的健康发展,创建一个和谐稳定的社会。 N2 - Doris Lessing is the eleventh female writer in the history of literature who won the Nobel Prize and is regarded as the greatest female writer after Woolf.>Love, Again< is one of Lessing’s masterpieces when she was old. The novel tells the love stories of Julie, the illegitimate daughter of black slave in colonial times, with the noblemen, as well as Sarah, an elderly modern white woman, with several young men. The two women were knowledgeable and independent, but they were deprived of their right to love because of social problems such as racial discrimination, moral prejudice and hierarchy. Lessing attacked the unfairness in the society at that time and called for love as a link to establish real equality between people. Fromm’s theory of human alienation includes three aspects: authoritarianism, quantitative and abstractive values, and the lack of initiative of love. Anonymous authority disguises itself as general knowledge and public opinion, makes individuals obey social public opinion and moral conscience, eliminates human’s creativity, deprives human’s freedom and endangers human’ s all-round development. With the rapid development of capitalist economy, its important characteristics are quantification and abstraction. The center of people’s life is the endless pursuit of money, power and honor, thus losing the meaning of human beings. In modern society, the interpersonal relationship is cold and indifferent, and lacks intiative of love. No matter the love between husband and wife or the love between compatriots, there is a lack of true feelings and sincerity. From the perspectives of the repression of human nature by authoritarianism, the distortion of human nature by quantification and abstraction, and the indifference of human nature by lacking initiative of love, this paper aims to interpret the alienation phenomenon of different characters in different historical periods in alienated society in >Love, Again<. Through the analysis of alienation phenomena in >Love, Again<, this paper aims at exploring the causes of alienation in capitalist society, and how the heroes and heroines alleviate or even eliminate alienation by exerting their own potentials, warning us that only by exerting rational cognition and creative thinking, choosing a lifestyle that emphasizing existence, fostering creative love and a humanitarian conscience, can we maintain the healthy development of individual personality and create a harmonious and stable society. [Authors translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Šumiga, Dražen T1 - Fromm’s understanding of the Buddhist philosophical theory and psychoanalysis: From the phenomenal ego to the authentic being JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 29 (No. 1, 2020), pp. 050-061. N2 - Erich Fromm was one of the first psychoanalytic thinkers who was genuinely interested in Asian philosophies. In the first part of this article, I will show Fromm’s imago of Buddhism as a radical, nontheistic, and ethical philosophy >without God.< I will argue that Fromm made an important difference between the phenomenal ego and being that proves crucial for his understanding of psychoanalysis and his critique of modern society. I will also explore Fromm’s synthesis of Buddhist philosophy and psychoanalysis, and show the similarities and differences between them. Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sun, Jianli A1 - Wang, Ping T1 - On Fromm's Psychological Mechanism of Avoiding Freedom [论弗洛姆逃避自由的心理机制] JF - Journal of Mudanjiang University [牡丹江大学学报], No. 8 (2019), pp. 1-5. N2 - 人类的自由程度几乎成为制约现代文明发展及社会稳定的重要因素。人的个性及人格的独一无二性构成社会发展的潜在威胁,对人类性格结构的分析是我们全面把握自由之定义的首要步骤。因此,弗洛姆关注人的个性结构发展,力图从中寻求解决社会潜在危机的方法。通过对弗洛姆逃避自由的心理机制的详细剖析,在批判西方资本主义社会弊端的基础上,联系现阶段社会发展实际来探求实现个体积极自由的途径,以促进社会的积极健康发展。 N2 - The degree of human freedom has almost become an important factor restricting the development of modern civilization and social stability. The uniqueness of human personality and personality constitutes a potential threat to social development. The analysis of human personality structure is the first step in our comprehensive grasp of the definition of freedom. Therefore, Fromm pays attention to the development of human personality structure and tries to find a way to solve the potential crisis of society. Through a detailed analysis of Fromm's psychological mechanism of escaping freedom, on the basis of criticizing the malpractices of Western capitalist society, and linking with the current social development reality to explore ways to achieve individual positive freedom, to promote the active and healthy development of society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xie, Chengcheng A1 - Lue, Huang T1 - Not Crazy, Not Live – A Study of Li Bihua's >Big Farewell< and >Dumpling< from the Perspective of Psychology [>不疯魔,不成活<——心理学视角下李碧华《霸王别姬》和《饺子》的>异化<问题研究] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Culture and Education Materials [文教资料], No. 10 (2019), pp. 13-15. N2 - 本文从心理学角度出发,以李碧华小说《霸王别姬》和《饺子》中的>异化<人物——程蝶衣和艾菁菁为研究对象,运用弗洛姆的性格理论对比分析人物形象的异化类型;运用弗洛伊德的人格理论、皮亚杰的适应理论和构建学说,以及部分社会心理学知识,分析二者异化的渐进阶段和产生原因;透过小说的文本层,揭示李碧华作品中包含的>心<的残忍与人的温情的内在含义,挖掘李碧华对读者,尤其是女性读者的人生关怀。 N2 - From the perspective of psychology, this thesis takes the >alienation< characters in Li Bihua's novels >Farewell My Concubine< and >Dumplings< - Cheng Dieyi and Ai Jingjing as the research object, using Fromm's personality theory to compare Analyze the alienation type of character image; use Freud's personality theory, Piaget's adaptation theory and construction theory, and some social psychology knowledge to analyze the gradual stage and cause of the alienation; through the text layer of the novel It reveals the cruelty of >heart< contained in Li Bihua's works and the inner meaning of human warmth, and explores Li Bihua's concern for readers, especially female readers. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Huawei T1 - Xi Jinping's New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and the Exploration of Students' Mind – Based on Fromm's Belief Theory [习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想进学生头脑路向探赜——基于弗洛姆信仰理论的视角] JF - Journal of Dali University [大理大学学报], No. 7 (2019), pp. 37-42. N2 - 党的十九大以来,习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想>三进<工作成为我国高校思想政治工作的重要内容和首要任务。随着习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想进学生教材、学生课堂的问题解决,进学生头脑就成为高校必须着力解决好的重大课题。从弗洛姆信仰理论的视角,考察习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想进学生头脑的信仰问题,剖析当前现状及学生抵牾原因,提出通过开悟信仰主体、培育信仰行为、认同信仰对象,促使学生信仰认同增进、信仰理性自觉、信仰价值回归,以期实现习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想进学生头脑的目标旨向。 N2 - Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping's work of >three advances< in socialism with Chinese characteristics has become an important content and primary task of ideological and political work in China's colleges and universities. With Xi Jinping's new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics into the students' textbooks and students' classroom problems, entering the students' minds has become a major issue that must be addressed by colleges and universities. From the perspective of Fromm's belief theory, this paper examines the beliefs of Xi Jinping's new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics into the students' minds, analyzes the current situation and the reasons for students' arrival, and proposes to enlighten students by enlightening the subject of belief, cultivating beliefs, and identifying objects of belief. Faith identification, religious rationality, and belief value return, in order to realize the goal of Xi Jinping's new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics into the students' mind. [Automatic translation]. Y1 - 2019 ER -