TY - GEN A1 - Bai, Lingling T1 - Study on the Construction of the Sane Society in the New Era [新时代健全社会建构研究], Master thesis, Scientific Socialism and International Communist Movement, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2018. N2 - 弗洛姆是法兰克福学派的重要代表人物之一。他融合了当代西方哲学、社会学、人类学、史学和宗教等多种学科的思想成果。其中,他的“健全的社会”这一命题是围绕异化概念进行的。因此,只有承认存在并不如意的社会问题的前提下,这一命题才有意义。同时,本文涉及到的“健全的社会”是一种把人当作中心,肯定人的能力,鼓励人们自觉发挥主观能动性,提倡整个社会成员团结友爱和互帮互助,推动每个社会成员在本职工作中发挥出创造性和积极性的良性社会形态。本文主要分为五个部分,主要从政治、经济、文化、社会和环境等方面详细剖析了不如意的社会现状和问题,进一步分析不如意的社会问题的成因,逐步探索新时代健全社会的建构对策,从而促进社会的进步和人的自由而全面的发展。新时代健全社会建构应该从政治、经济、文化、社会和环境等各个方面进行转型。从理论角度来看,异化现象无处不在,人与人的关系、人与物的关系等都可能存在异化现象。因此,新时代健全社会的建构应该激发人们的生产和生活积极性,挖掘人们的潜力与智慧,实现人的自由而全面的发展。从实践角度来看,要完善经济制度,不断满足人民日益增长的对美好生活的需要。从历史维度来看,要站在全人类的角度,思考整个社会和人类的可持续性发展,思考健全社会的建构对策。从世界维度看,要大力发展新型技术产业,推动信息化和工业化,不断探索特色道路和发展模式,为新时代全世界健全社会的建构提供各国智慧和方案。 N2 - Fromm is one of the important representatives of the Frankfurt School. He combines contemporary western philosophy, sociology, anthropology, history and religion. Among them, the proposition of his >sound society< revolves around the concept of alienation. Therefore, this proposition makes sense only if we acknowledge the existence of an unsound society. At the same time, this article that involves >the sound of society< places emphasis on people as the center of society, and the ability of certain people. It encourages people to bring our subjective initiative into play, and promotes that the whole social members are concerned about social issues, unity, friendship and mutual help. And this society drives every people to love their work, and play in the job creativity and explosive force of benign social form. This paper is divided into five parts. It mainly analyzes the unsound social status, problems, reasons and countermeasures from the political, economic, cultural, social and environmental aspects in detail, so as to promote the progress of the society and people’s free and comprehensive development. In the new era, a sound social construction should be transformed from politics, economy, culture, society and environment. From a theoretical point of view, alienation is ubiquitous, and there may be alienation in the relationship between people and things. Therefore, the construction of a sound society should stimulate people’s enthusiasm for production and life, tap people’s potential and wisdom, and realize people’s free and comprehensive development. As to practice, it is good to perfect economic system to meet people’s increasing need for a better life. From the perspective of history, we should think about the sustainable development of the whole society and human beings, and think about the constructive countermeasures to improve the society. From the dimension of the world, we should develop the new technology industries, and promote the informatization and industrialization. It is a good way to constantly explore characteristic path and development mode for the construction of new age around the world and improve the social wisdom from all over the world and scheme. [Author’s translation]. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bazan, Ariane T1 - Psychoanalysis and academia: Psychoanalysis at the crossroads between exact and human sciences JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 090-097. N2 - It is proposed that the mental health crisis in >developed< societies is largely due to the fact that psychology is heavily based upon an exact science model academically, and upon a medical model clinically. Indeed, these models favor an apperception of mental pathologies as essential entities with a biological etiology, and this reification facilitates a process of nonimplication of the sufferer as concerns his condition. The progress in brain sciences holds the promise of acknowledging psychology as an autonomous discipline, properly describing mental logics, which are constrained, but not determined, by brain characteristics; moreover, mental logical operations mandatorily need content from the contingent history of the subject's life to become instantiated. Psychology, then, is at the interface between an exact science and a human science epistemology. Consequently, we need psychologists and clinicians in the field of mental health who can apply a particularized approach to mental distress, who can deal with the personal feeling of nonmastery, who can base their clinical thinking on the patient's story, and who thereby systematically stay away from any essentializing temptation, while simultaneously being aware that the theoretical framework they operate from is embedded in a continuous scientific dialogue. Psychoanalysis is at that crossroads. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Das Leben selbst ist eine Kunst. Einführung in Leben und Werk von Erich Fromm, Freiburg im Breisgau (Herder) 2018, 269 pp. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erich Fromm: Die Furcht vor der Freiheit JF - H. E. Lück et al. (Eds.), Klassiker der Psychologie. Die bedeutenden Werke: Entstehung, Inhalt und Wirkung, 2. erweiterte und überarbeitete Auflage, Stuttgart (Verlag W. Kohlhammer), 2018, pp. 295-302. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Graetz Simmonds, Janette T1 - Contemplating spiritual experience: Winnicott's potential space, Tibetan bardo, and liminality JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 4, 2018), pp. 266-273. N2 - In this paper, ways of contemplating and accommodating the unfamiliar, especially the >other< of spiritual experience, are considered. Some concepts from psychoanalysis, such as Winnicott's >potential space< and his notion of >holding,< are helpful in comprehending spiritual experiences that can easily be misunderstood, or >flattened out< to use Bion's phrase. Interesting and rather remarkable confluences in these concepts from psychoanalysis and from Tibetan Buddhism (bardo) and cultural anthropology (liminality) are considered in their functions of both enabling and comprehending these extraordinary and often life-enhancing experiences. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Vorwort des Herausgebers JF - E. Fromm, Ihr werdet sein wie Gott. Psychoanalyse und Religion, München (Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, dtv 34934) 2018, pp. 7-14. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erklär mir einer die Liebe… Martin Cyris interviewt Rainer Funk T2 - Franziskusbote. Zeitschrift der Stiftung St. Franzismus Heiligenbronn, Schramberg No. 2, 2018, pp. 6-10. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Slowo od wydawey niemieckiego T2 - E. Fromm, Milosc, plec i matriarchat, Kraków (Vis-à-vis Etudia) 2018, pp. 005-011. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Zwischen Destruktivität und Liebe. Erich Fromms Erkenntnisse zu zwei widerstreitenden Fähigkeiten des Menschen JF - Der Blaue Reiter,. Journal für Philosophie, Hannover (Der Verlag der blaube Reiter), No. 42 (2018), pp. 19-23. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Das mediale Ich. Zur psychischen Neukonstruktion des Menschen JF - Blickpunkt EFL-Beratung, No. 41 - Oktober 2018, pp. 11-23. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guo, Aiqing T1 - >The Sane Society< as an Inspiration for Building a Socialist Harmonious Society [>健全的社会<对构建社会主义和谐社会的启示] JF - Newspapers and Magazines [报刊荟萃], No. 2 (2018), p. 3. N2 - 健全的社会》是弗洛姆从自身经历的角度对资本主义的社会进行了深入的探讨,提出现代资本主义的社会呈现异化现状,还通过分析资本主义各个阶段特点及其社会性格,深刻的阐述的了异化问题。在书的最后他从经济、政治、文化这三方面展示了他对健全社会的构想。这本书对于我们正确看待资本主义的社会有重要作用,同时为我国建设和谐社会提供了理论指导。 N2 - >The Sane Society< is a deep discussion of the capitalist society from the perspective of his own experience, and proposes the status quo of the modernization of modern capitalism, and also analyzes the characteristics of various stages of capitalism and The social character has profoundly expounded the problem of alienation. At the end of the book, he showed his vision of a sound society from the three aspects of economy, politics and culture. This book plays an important role in the correct view of capitalist society and provides theoretical guidance for building a harmonious society in China. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hamburger, Andreas T1 - After Babel: Teaching psychoanalysis on a former battlefield – experiences in an international research network JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 104-113. N2 - This article describes a psychoanalyst's personal experience in an international and interdisciplinary social trauma research network. Crises and conflicts are understood as an integral feature of such a collaboration. Using the self-reflective capacity of the psychoanalyst may help to turn them into a new perspective. Crossing disciplinary borders, reconnecting to the field of academic research, might prove to be a rather rewarding step. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Han, Shumei A1 - Liu, Tongfang T1 - Baudrillard's Perspective on Consumption Alienation Criticism and Its Theoretical Limitations [鲍德里亚消费异化批判的视角及其理论局限] JF - Social Science Research [社会科学研究], No. 5 (2018), pp. 135-140. N2 - 与马尔库塞和阿格尔等人分别基于人道视角、生态视角批判自由消费的异化本质不同,鲍德里亚以物(商品)的功能的零度化为理论切入口,通过对消费内涵的重新定义,以及对符号拜物教的理论指认,提出必须引入符号学才能彻底揭露现代资本主义社会的消费异化本质及其统治策略的隐蔽机制,由此建构了基于符号视角的独特批判向度。但鲍德里亚将其理论语境和关注视野仅仅锁定在符号消费和文化意识层面,过度夸大了消费对社会发展的深层作用以及符号逻辑批判的积极效应,遮蔽了资本这一现代性问题域的轴心地位和根本意义,从而导致其批判理论只是停留在分析异化现实的直接性和表象性层面上,阻断了深入社会现实本质的可能,并最终陷入符号决定论的虚无主义理论局限。 N2 - Unlike Marcuse and Agel, who criticize the alienation nature of free consumption based on humane perspective and ecological perspective, Baudrillard takes the zero degree of the function of goods (commodities) as the theory. The redefinition of the connotation of consumption and the theoretical identification of symbolic fetishism suggest that semiotics must be introduced to completely expose the hidden mechanism of consumption alienation in modern capitalist society and its dominant strategy, thus constructing a unique critical dimension based on symbolic perspective. However, Baudrillard only locks its theoretical context and attention to the level of symbolic consumption and cultural awareness, over-exaggerating the deep role of consumption in social development and the positive effects of symbolic logic criticism, shielding the modern problem domain of capital. The status and fundamental meaning of the axis, which led to its critical theory only stayed at the direct and apparent level of analyzing the alienation reality, blocked the possibility of deepening the essence of social reality, and finally fell into the nihilistic theoretical limitation of symbolic determinism. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Handler Spitz, Ellen T1 - Psychoanalysis and the academy: Reflections on undergraduate teaching JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 082-089. N2 - This article addresses both the rewards and the daunting complexities of teaching psychoanalysis to undergraduates in the USA, where the idea of a university as a site for the cultivation of the life of the mind is under siege. The essay recommends a close critical reading of key Freudian texts, the establishment of a classroom atmosphere of trust, genuine respect for expectable student skepticism, and the capacity to wait as dystonic ideas gradually take hold and reveal their worth. Speed, a ubiquitous feature and a questionable desideratum of twenty-first century US culture, as well as facile cleverness, a desideratum within academia, tell against the psychoanalytic process, which is long, slow, halting, laborious, and painful, but a process that can, at best, open what has heretofore been sealed. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Feng, Junxia T1 - Loneliness and Redemption: A Brief Analysis of >The Diaries of Jane Somers< [独与救赎——《简•萨默斯日记》解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art]. JF - Journal of Zhoukou Normal University [周口师范学院学报], No. 6 (2018), pp. 36-39. N2 - 《简•萨默斯日记》是诺贝尔文学奖得主多丽丝•莱辛创作后期的一部重要作品,主要讲述现代中年女性简娜如何摆脱孤独完成自我成长与救赎的故事。基于弗洛姆爱的理论及诺丁斯的关怀伦理视角,解读小说中爱与关怀的救赎力量,指出唯有爱与关怀能使人类摆脱孤独。 N2 - Doris Lessing was a famous writer who wins Nobel Prize for literature in 2007. >The Diaries of Jane Somers< was written during her later phrase, narrating how a middle-aged woman, Jane, to get rid of loneliness and achieve the selfgrowth and redemption. Based on Erich Fromm’s discourse about love and Nodding’s care ethics, the paper attempts to reconsider the power of love and care in the novel, pointing out that only love and care can help us get rid of loneliness. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Hess, Sebastian T1 - Haben oder Sein. Sebastian Hess im Interview mit Rainer Funk T2 - Happinez. Das Mindstyle Magazine, No. 7 (2018), pp. 81-88. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Schmid, Daniela T1 - Die Bedeutung der Liebe im Werk von Erich Fromm. Daniela Schmid im Interview mit Dr. Rainer Funk T2 - Zoom – nah dran! Themenheft „Von der Liebe lernen!“, Überlingen, Heft 1/2018, S. 9-11. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gao, Liping T1 - Something to Say … — Bernstein's 1957 Speech on Music Creation (continued) [有话要说 ...—伯恩斯坦1957年关于音乐创作的演讲稿(续)] [application of Fromm's theories to art]. JF - Lingnan Music [岭南音乐], No. 4 (2018), pp. 52-55. N2 - 是什么让人有话要说?是交流的需要。你们这些芝加哥大学的学生都喜欢说我们孤独,我们是>孤独的人群<,是的,我们真的很孤独。我想,交流是20世纪被讨论得最多的词,我说的不只是电子方式的交流。每个人都想与其他人拉近距离。埃里希•弗洛姆一直在写书,在很多著作中说我们多么没有爱的能力,而爱又如何是使我们获得这个世界上交流的温暖唯一的途径;我想这是事实。唯一的问题是 N2 - What is it that people have something to say? It is the need for communication. You guys at the University of Chicago like to say that we are lonely, we are >lonely crowds<, yes, we are really lonely. I think that communication is the most discussed word in the 20th century. I am not talking about electronic communication. Everyone wants to draw closer to others. Erich Fromm has been writing books, saying in many works how incompetent we are, and how love is the only way for us to gain the warmth of communication in this world; I think this is the truth. The only problem is […] [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Garber, Marjorie T1 - Identity theft JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 076-081. N2 - Psychoanalysis has almost disappeared from the curricula of most American universities, which I illustrate by the case of the department of psychology at my own university, Harvard. Courses on psychoanalysis are very rare there and it is mostly seen as a part of history of psychology and not as a set of ideas that can be useful nowadays. Personality models developed by Freud or Melanie Klein, as well as many more contemporary psychoanalysts, are, however, still very relevant for the humanities. This is particularly the case for Shakespeare studies and I am trying to show that despite the fact that psychoanalysis can enrich this field, less and less students show interest in it or are willing to admit that they themselves may have unconscious reactions. I focus on the usefullness of the concept of projective identification and propose the thesis that is another name for the activities of theater, and indeed for theater itself. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gast, Lilli T1 - Freud’s Utopia revisited: The International Psychoanalytic University Berlin JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 1, 2018), pp. 035-039. N2 - The International Psychoanalytic University was founded in 2009. This article provides an outline of its core tasks, study programs, research activities, and infrastructure. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Xueting T1 - On Fromm's Thought of Escaping Freedom [浅谈弗洛姆的逃避自由思想] JF - Popular Literature [大众文艺], No. 13 (2018), pp. 244-245. N2 - 弗洛姆一生致力于研究现代人的性格结构以及有关心理因素和社会因素相互作用的问题,《逃避自由》弗洛姆热烈探究自由之于现代人的含义,他努力教导人们自由而不孤独、自爱而不自私、理智判断而不找合理化借口,拥有信仰但不迷信科学。 N2 - Fromm's life devoted to the study of modern people's personality structure and the interaction between psychological factors and social factors. In >Escape from Freedom< Fromm enthusiastically explores the meaning of freedom for modern people, he strives to teach people freedom, not loneliness, self-love, not selfishness, rational judgment, not seeking rationalization excuses, having faith but not superstitious science. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Feng T1 - Research on Fromm’s Freedom Thought in the View of Marxism [马克思主义视域下的弗洛姆自由思想研究], Master thesis, Philosophy, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China 2018. N2 - 弗洛姆作为人道主义哲学家, 人的问题贯穿其思想的始终。自由理论作为其理论的核心具有丰富的内涵。区别于传统的自由思想, 弗洛姆认为传统的自由观因为缺乏人的心理分析而不得不使用笼统且抽象的语言来解释自由问题, 难以认识到自由的本质, 因此, 他主张从心理学和哲学两个方面来阐述自由的概念。弗洛姆传承弗洛伊德的精神分析学理论, 把心理学的分析引入到其自由思想当中, 构成了其独具特色的心理学视角的自由思想。弗洛姆心理学的独特视角为自由思想的研究打开了新的窗口, 让人们能在微观层面一窥自由的奥妙。但弗洛姆自由思想本身也存在着抽象人本主义的自由观, 片面夸大自由主体的心理作用, 自由实现路径的空想等不容忽视的问题。马克思的实践自由观正是克服弗洛姆自由局限性的利器。在马克思看来, 自由问题在本质上可以归结为实践的问题, 自由在实践中产生、完善和发展。弗洛姆自由思想局限性产生的原因离不开其对于实践的背离, 没有完全认识到实践的主体是现实的个人, 个人的心理也只是实践中发展的产物等。因此, 本文试图通过马克思的实践自由观对弗洛姆自由思想的局限性进行尝试性的克服, 以马克思实践的现实的主体取代弗洛姆抽象的自由主体, 以共产主义社会取代弗洛姆健全社会的空想。 N2 - Fromm as a humanitarian philosopher, the problem of the person runs through his thoughts. Freedom theory has rich connotations as the core of its theory. Different from the traditional free thinking, Fromm believes that the traditional view of liberty has to use general and abstract language to explain the issue of freedom because of lack of human psychological analysis. It is difficult to recognize the essence of liberty. Therefore, he advocates from the perspective of psychology and Two aspects of philosophy explain the concept of freedom. Fromm inherits Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, introduces the analysis of psychology into his free thought, and constitutes his unique free psychology perspective. The unique perspective of Fromm’s psychology opens a new window for the study of liberal thoughts, allowing people to have a glimpse of the mysteries of freedom at the micro level. However, Fromm’s free thought itself also has the concept of freedom of abstract humanism, one-sided exaggeration of the psychological role of the free subject, and the free-realization of the path of fantasy, which cannot be ignored. Marx’s concept of practical freedom is a weapon that overcomes the limitations of Fromm’s freedom. In Marx’s view, the problem of freedom can be attributed to the problem of practice. Freedom is produced, perfected and developed in practice. The reason for the limitation of Fromm’s thought of freedom is inseparable from its deviation from practice. It is not fully realized that the subject of practice is a real individual, and the individual’s psychology is only the product of development in practice. Therefore, this paper attempts to overcome the limitations of Fromm’s free thought through Marx’s concept of practical freedom, replace the free subject of Fromm’s abstract with the practical subject of Marx’s practice, and replace the Fromm perfection with a communist society. The dream of society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhao, Ke T1 - Could Europe Regain the >Ability to Love爱的能力爱<无疑是人类历史上最为激动人心、同时又最让人沮丧失望的话题了。德国裔美国心理学家艾里希•弗洛姆是第一个从科学的角度研究>爱<的学者,他在其1956年出版的经典著作《爱的艺术》中写道,大多 N2 - Europe seems to have fallen into a trap. It does not want to retreat and it is not interested in moving forward. However, because of too much economic cost, it is unsustainable that >love< is undoubtedly the most exciting in human history and the most frustrating and disappointing topic. The German-American psychologist Erich Fromm was the first scholar to study >love< from a scientific perspective. He wrote in his classic 1956 book >The Art of Loving<. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zheng, Qi T1 - Fromm's Evasion of Free Psychology [弗洛姆逃避自由心理机制研究], Master thesis, Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2018. N2 - 艾里希•弗洛姆是美籍德国犹太人,20世纪最著名的哲学家之一,他在哲学、宗教学、心理学、医学等多个领域都有非常卓越的建树。弗洛姆终生致力于弗洛伊德学说研究,逃避自由的心理机制是他的学术思想中最核心的部分,其观点散见于《为自己的人》《逃避自由》《健全的社会》和《爱的艺术》等著作之中。本文以《逃避自由》为主要解析资源,结合弗洛姆的其他专著、论文等来论述哲学家的逃避自由机制。逃避自由的心理机制始于20世纪30-40年代,身居德国的弗洛姆深刻地感受到这一时期以希特勒为首的纳粹党所掀起的民族主义浪潮。这种暗流涌动的思想中深藏着潜在的社会悲剧和不可预知的人类未来命运。有犹太人身份的弗洛姆更深刻地体会到犹太民族可能要遭遇的磨难。自由,这个人类所追求的美好生活状态,其实恰恰可能是需要逃避的灾难。正是在这样的背景之下,弗洛姆以弗洛伊德和荣格的心理分析学说为依据,对人逃避自由的原因进行了深度剖析,形成了他关于逃避自由的社会心理学理论。本论文共分四个部分,分别从逃避自由机制的原因、内涵、解决方法、意义和价值几个方面分析弗洛姆的理论。《绪论》部分主要论述了弗洛姆的民族身份和他学术道路和学术思想的关联以及对自由概念和逃避自由思想的根源进行了学术史的梳理,探讨了目前国内外对弗洛姆逃避自由机制的研究现状,并指出目前研究中尚有哪些主题存在可拓展的空间。第一章《逃避自由心理机制理论的生成背景》从个体和个体性概念入手来探讨自由和逃避自由思想的谱系,指出早在古希腊先贤的著作里(尤其是柏拉图)就存在对人自由意志的探讨。通过对自由谱系的勾勒,我们基本可以得出这样的结论,对于古希腊而言,自由和宇宙的神性有关,人在勇敢地说出>我<这个词之后,在形式上摆脱了与自然(宇宙)的关系,但从19世纪末20世纪初开始,随着弗洛伊德学说对人认知的刷新,自由不再是个体的私人叙事,而是对整个时代症候的诊断。弗洛姆正是在这个意义上开展自己的心理学研究的。第二章《逃避自由心理机制理论的切入路径》探讨了弗洛姆社会心理学的发生学原理,哲学家正是从宗教的角度发现逃避自由的路径和可能。弗洛姆之所以选择马丁•路德的宗教改革来分析宗教与自由的关系,是因为除了日常生活,宗教对于西方世界而言是窥见其行动秘密的重要线索。第三章《逃避自由心理机制的理论与现实》将重点放在逃避自由机制的具体情境和核心元素分析之上。具体而言,论文对弗洛姆理论视域中关于逃避机制中的几个重要术语进行了分析研究,确定了弗洛姆逃避自由的路径问题。最后,我们以希特勒的政治生涯和童年创伤为例,对逃避自由和个人意志的关系进行了分析,指出历史是许多因素的综合,并无规律可循,希特勒的存在完全是个偶然,但这个偶然却造成了世界性的灾难。 N2 - Erich Fromm, a German-born Jew of American nationality and famous philosopher of the 20th century, devoted his life to the study of Freudian theory. His core idea is the doctrine of freedom and escape from freedom. His views can be found in works such as >Man for Himself>, >Escape from Freedom<, >The Sane Society< and >The Art of Loving<. This paper uses >Escape from Freedom< as the main analytical resource, combining with Fromm’s other monographs and papers to discuss the philosopher’s escape freedom mechanism. The paper is divided into four parts, which are the introduction and the other three chapters. The psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom appeared in 1930s and 1940s. Fromm, who was living in Germany, was profoundly aware of the nationalist wave of the Nazi party led by Hitler during this period. The latent social tragedy and unpredictable future of human beings were hidden in this kind of undercurrent thoughts. Fromm with Jewish identity had a deeper understanding of the hardships that the Jewish people might have to face. Freedom, the human pursuit of a better state of life, in fact, was probably the disaster that people need to escape from. It was under the circumstance that Fromm, based on Freud and Jung’s theory of psychoanalysis, analyzed the reasons why people escape from freedom thoroughly, and formed his own theory of social psychology about escaping from freedom. The introduction mainly refers to three aspects of the paper. Initially, the relationship between Fromm’s ethnic identity and his academic research and ideology is analyzed. As a son of Rabbi, Fromm had long been aware of the particularity of his ethnic group. The relatively well-off family enabled him to have a comprehensive and good education, which laid a solid theoretical foundation for his academic studies in the United States. Furthermore, the academic history of the concept of freedom and the idea of escaping from freedom is studied, the current status of research on Fromm’s escape freedom mechanism at home and abroad is discussed, and it is pointed out that there is still some space for the extension of those themes in current research. Finally, the innovation of the paper and the application of theoretical discourse are explained.– The first chapter, Individual and Individuality – The Pedigree of Freedom, discusses the pedigree of freedom and escape from freedom from the concept of individual and individuality, and indicates that early in the writings of ancient Greek sages (especially Plato) there was a discussion on human’s free will. By outlining the pedigree of freedom, we can basically reach such a conclusion that for ancient Greece, freedom is related to the divinity of the universe, and man, after bravely uttering the word >I<, in form, got rid of the relationship with nature(the universe).Beginning in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the renewal of human cognition by the Freudian theory, however, freedom is no longer an individual’s private narrative, but a diagnosis of the symptoms of the whole era. Fromm carried out his own psychological research in this sense.– The second chapter, The Religious Dimension and the Ideological Dimension of Freedom from the Perspective of Fromm’s Theory, explores the genesis principle of Fromm’s social psychology, and it is from the angle of religion that philosophers discovered the way and possibility of escape from freedom. The reason why Fromm chose Martin Luther’s religious reform to analyze the relationship between religion and freedom is that in addition to daily life, religion is an important clue for the western world to get a glimpse of its action secrets.– The third chapter, the reasons for escape from freedom and How to make it possible, focuses on the specific context and the analysis on the core element of the mechanism of escape from freedom. Particularly, several important terms about escape mechanism in Fromm’s theory are analyzed and studied, and the way of Fromm’s escape from freedom is also determined. Finally, taking Hitler’s political career and childhood trauma as an example, we analyze the relationship between escape from freedom and personal will, and point out that history is a synthesis of many factors, and there is no rule to follow. Hitler’s existence is entirely accidental. But this accident caused a worldwide disaster. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Wanjun T1 - On Erich Fromm’s Humanism Psychoanalytic Theory in Criticizing the Capitalist Society 论弗洛姆的人本主义精神分析学说对资本主义社会的批判 JF - Journal of Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology (Social Science Edition) 洛阳理工学院学报(社会科学版), No. 1 (2018), pp. 78-82. N2 - 目睹了第二次世界大战给人们带来的精神创伤后,法兰克福学派代表人物埃里希•弗洛姆将马克思主义与弗洛伊德主义相结合,围绕社会性格、消极自由、异化现象等领域展开了对资本主义社会的批判,创立了人本主义精神分析学说。弗洛姆认为资本主义社会的发展扭曲了人的性格并呈现出严重的病态。弗洛姆强调,必须进行全面的社会改革,从经济、政治、文化等方面入手,才能消除异化现象,促进社会的健全发展。 N2 - After witnessing the trauma caused by the Second World War, Erich Fromm, the representative of the Frankfurt School, by combining Marxism with Freudianism, focused on such fields as social character, negative freedom and alienation to expand the critique of capitalist society and founded the theory of humanistic psychoanalysis. Fromm believed that the development of capitalist society distorted the character of human beings and appeared a morbid state. He emphasized the necessity of comprehensive social reforms and advocated starting with all aspects of economy, politics, culture and education to eliminate alienation and promote the sound development of society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Azevedo, Gilson Xavier de T1 - Psicologia da religião e sistema de crenças [Psychology of religion and belief system] [Psicología de la religión y sistema de creencias] JF - Numen: revista de estudos e pesquisa da religião (Juiz de Fora), Vol. 21, No. 2 (2018), pp. 58-65. [Online ISSN 2236-6296] [doi.org/10.34019/2236-6296.2018.v21.22178] N2 - O objetivo deste artigo é abordar a noção de sistema de crenças dentro da psicologia da religião através de três elementos que parecem cruciais para tal compreensão. Inicialmente tratar a experiência religiosa como elemento formado a partir de um sistema de crenças constituído no campo psíquico e, depois, propor um levantamento das obras de dois autores (Sigmund Freud e Erich Fromm) da psicanálise que abordaram a experiência religiosa em algumas de suas obras, e em terceiro, compor um perfil significativo da psicologia das crenças em questão. Trata-se de um estudo revisional exploratório. A motivação para esse estudo situa-se no conjunto de estudos que venho propondo nos campos da antropologia, psicologia e sociologia sobre o que concebo por sistema de crenças. A questão é se os autores e obras que venho analisando tocam nesta questão, sem necessariamente se darem conta de que estão tratando de uma estrutura tão elementar para a formação social quanto as demais. A premissa básica é de que autores e obras analisadas dão subsidio para tal localização. Espera-se não só neste artigo, mas no estudo como um todo, chegar a noções conceituais sólidas sobre o sistema de crenças e seu papel cultural, psíquico e social. N2 - The purpose of this article is to address the notion of belief systems within the psychology of religion through three elements that seem crucial to such understanding. Initially to treat religious experience as an element formed from a system of beliefs constituted in the psychic field and then to propose a survey of the works of two authors (Sigmund Freud and Erich Fromm) of psychoanalysis who approached religious experience in some of his works, thus composing a significant profile of religious psychology. This is an exploratory review. The motivation for this study lies in the set of studies that I have proposed in the fields of anthropology, psychology and sociology on what I conceive by belief system. The question is whether the authors and works that I have been analyzing touch on this question, without necessarily realizing that they are dealing with such an elementary structure for social formation as the others. The basic premise is that authors and works analyzed give subsidy for such location. It is hoped not only in this article, but in the study as a whole, to arrive at solid conceptual notions about the belief system and its cultural, psychic, and social role. N2 - El objetivo de este artículo es abordar la noción de sistema de creencias dentro de la psicología de la religión a través de tres elementos que parecen cruciales para tal comprensión. En primer lugar tratar la experiencia religiosa como elemento formado a partir de un sistema de creencias constituido en el campo psíquico y después proponer un levantamiento de las obras de dos autores (Sigmund Freud y Erich Fromm) del psicoanálisis que abordaron la experiencia religiosa en algunas de sus obras, y en tercer lugar, componer un perfil significativo de la psicología de las creencias en cuestión. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio. La motivación para ese estudio se sitúa en el conjunto de estudios que vengo propuesto en los campos de la antropología, psicología y sociología sobre lo que concibo por sistema de creencias. La cuestión es si los autores y obras que vengo analizando tocan en esta cuestión, sin necesariamente darse cuenta de que están tratando de una estructura tan elemental para la formación social como las demás. La premisa básica es que autores y obras analizadas dan subsidio para tal localización. Se espera no sólo en ese artículo, sino en el estudio como un todo, llegar a nociones conceptuales sólidas sobre el sistema de creencias y su papel cultural, psíquico y social. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benson, Eleanor R. T1 - Love is in the Airwaves: Contesting Mass Incarceration with Prisoners' Radio JF - Tapestries: Interwoven voices of local and global identities, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2018), pp. 1-16. [digitalcommons.macalester.edu/tapestries/vol7/iss1/7] N2 - Building on bell hooks’ conceptualization of love as a mode of political resistance, this article explores how prisoners’ radio employs love to combat injustice. Through an examination of two prisoners’ radio projects – The Prison Show in Texas and Restorative Radio in Kentucky – I argue that incarcerated people and their loved ones appropriate the radio to perform public and revolutionary acts of love, countering the oppressive forces of mass incarceration in the United States. By unapologetically positioning their love for prisoners front and center, ordinary Americans subvert systems of oppression which mark incarcerated folks as incapable and unworthy of love. Love is an intrinsic marker of humanity, so prisoners’ radio allows the incarcerated and their advocates on the outside to actively challenge the dehumanization that people face behind bars. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dillon, James J. T1 - A letter to a new faculty member: How to stay sane in the academy JF - The Humanistic Psychologist, Vol. 46 (2018), No. 2, pp. 147-158. [Online ISSN 1547-3333] [doi.org/10.1037/hum0000085] N2 - This paper presents the text of an imagined oration from a senior faculty member to a newly hired faculty member on the topic of how to stay sane in the academy. It begins by characterizing the basic problem at the heart of the university: students are not learning as much as they should and professors are not teaching them in a way that ensures they do. The problem is one of dysfunction and denial. The university is not able to effectively perform its main function and the involved stakeholders pretend everything is fine. Seen in the light of Fromm’s (1955) criteria of mental health, many aspects of modern university life are quite >insane<. I discuss three specific things to avoid that will protect the faculty member’s sanity: avoid the >unstated compact< between faculty and students, avoid the prospect of a promotion to the administration, and avoid the lure of popularity and politics. I then discuss three affirmative steps to enhance faculty mental health: consider first things, honor the call of truth in the world and your discipline, and regularly recall the deeper purpose of the university. The paper concludes with a candid analysis of why the professoriate’s public prestige has precipitously fallen over the past 40 years. (APA PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved) Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Choo, Jung Wan T1 - 프롬의 사랑론에 관한 연구 [A Study of the Fromm's Love Theory] JF - 윤리교육연구 [Journal of Ethics Education Studies], No. 48 (2018), pp. 33-58. N2 - 본 논문의 목적은 프롬이 제시한 사랑의 의미와 실천 방법을 검토하는 것이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 프롬의 사상적 배경과 함께 그가 제시한 사랑론의 이론적 근거, 사랑론을 구성하는 주요 내용 및 프롬이 규정한 사랑의 대상, 그리고 사랑의 실천 방법을 중심으로 살펴보고자 한다. 현행 고등학교 선택 과목인 『생활과 윤리』 교과에서는 ‘성과 사랑의 윤리’를 학습 주제로 제시하고 있으며, 이에 따라 현행 교육과정을 따르는 교과서들에서는 해당 영역에서 프롬의 사랑에 관한 입장을 학습 요소로 제시하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서 다루는 프롬의 사랑론에 대한 원전 중심의 종합적인 검토는 교과 내용 및 교수학습 과정에 기여할 것으로 기대한다. N2 - The purpose of this thesis is to exam the Fromm's love theory, which suggesting the meaning and practical methods of love. The current high school subject, >Life and Ethics< presents Fromm's love theory in the learning subject of the ethics of sex and love. So some textbooks handles the Fromm's theory. Therefore, specific understanding about the Fromm's theory will be expected to devote to the learning and teaching process. In this thesis, we will examine the Fromm's theoretical bases, the main idea about love and practical methods of love on his academic backgrounds. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anonymus, Christopher T1 - The Affective Bases of Domination: Beyond Marxism and Psychoanalysis JF - Anarchist Developments in Cultural Studies, No. 1 (2018), pp. 75-79. [Online ISSN 1923-5615] [journals.uvic.ca/index.php/adcs/article/view/18344] N2 - Some have attempted to address the popular acceptance of irrational ideas like fascism or capitalism through various combinations of the work of Marx and different forms of psychoanalysis. Some of the better - known attempts in this regard are Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis, Wilhelm Reich’s discussion of the role of repressed sexuality as a control mechanism, and today, the philosopher Slavoj Žižek’s explanation via Marx’s theory of commodity fetishism and Lacan’s psychoanalysis. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ahmadi, Anas T1 - Manusia Biofilia dan Nekrofilia dalam Ekofiksi Indonesia: Perspektif Ekopsikologi [Human Biophilia and Necrophilia in Indonesian Ecofiction: An Ecopsychological Perspective], Doctoral dissertation, Language Education, State University Malang, Java, Indonesia 2018, 304 pp., Indonesian. N2 - Penelitian Tipe >Manusia Biofilia dan Nekrofilia dalam Ekofiksi Indonesia: Perspektif Ekopsikologi< ini didasarkan pada fakta bahwa sastra merepresentasikan hubungan manusia dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada empat aspek, yakni (1) tipe manusia biofilia dalam ekofiksi Indonesia; (2) tipe manusia nekrofilia dalam ekofiksi Indonesia; (3) sikap pengarang terhadap manusia biofilia dalam ekofiksi Indonesia; dan (4) sikap pengarang terhadap manusia nekrofilia dalam ekofiksi Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif-interpretatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yakni ekopsikologi yang merupakan bagian dari studi psikologi, sedangkan teori yang digunakan, yakni biofilia dan nekrofilia yang ditopang dengan konsep etika lingkungan dan alienasi lingkungan. Instrumen penelitian adalah peneliti yang sekaligus menjadi instrumen kunci. Data yang digunakan berupa kata, frasa, kalimat, dan alinea yang relevan dengan fokus penelitian. Sumber data yang digunakan, yakni 17 ekofiksi Indonesia yang relevan dengan fokus penelitian. Penganalisisan data menggunakan teknik heuristik yang merujuk pada Key & Kerr, swapencarian (selfsearch), swadialog (selfdialogue), dan swatemuan (selfdicovery), sedangkan untuk pengodean data merujuk pada Neuman, yakni (1) pengodean terbuka, (2) pengodean aksial, (3) pengodean selektif, dan (4) tahap pengodean final. Berdasarkan analisis, diperoleh temuan penelitian yang terpapar sebagai berikut. Pertama, tipe manusia biofilia yang terdapat dalam 17 ekofiksi indonesia muncul dalam bentuk (1) tipe manusia biofilia humanistik. Dalam interaksinya dengan lingkungan, manusia biofilia humanistik menunjukkan pikiran/tindakan mencintai laut, memprotes lingkungan tambang, peduli pada lingkungan domestik, peduli pada lingkungan sawah/ladang, dan mencintai binatang; (3) tipe manusia biofilia estetik. Dalam interaksinya dengan lingkungan, manusia biofilia estetik menunjukkan pikiran/tindakan yang berkait dengan keindahan air terjun, keindahan lingkungan sekitar, keindahan laut, kesenian tema lingkungan; (3) tipe manusia biofilia ekospiritualistik. Dalam interaksinya dengan lingkungan, manusia tipe manusia biofilia ekospiritualistik menunjukkan pikiran/tindakannya dalam upacara yang berkait dengan lingkungan dan pencarian jati diri melalui lingkungan; (4) tipe manusia biofilia ekosaintik. Dalam interaksinya dengan lingkungan, manusia biofilia ekosaintik menunjukkan pikiran/tindakan pengetahuan lokal tentang pengobatan, pengetahuan lokal tentang persilatan, pengetahuan lokal tentang pola hidup, cara mengendalikan lingkungan, dan cara membuat perahu. Kedua, tipe manusia nekrofilia yang terdapat dalam 17 ekofiksi indonesia muncul dalam bentuk (1) tipe manusia nekrofilia eksploitatif. Dalam interaksinya dengan lingkungan, manusia nekrofilia eksploitatif menunjukkan pikiran/tindakan yang berkait dengan eksploitasi lingkungan tambang, eksploitasi lingkungan hutan, eksploitasi binatang; (2) tipe manusia nekrofilia destruktif. Dalam interaksinya dengan lingkungan, manusia nekrofilia eksploitatif menunjukkan pikiran/tindakan yang berkait dengan pembakaran hutan, penyiksaan/pembunuhan binatang; dan (3) tipe manusia nekrofilia simbolis. Dalam interaksinya dengan lingkungan, manusia nekrofilia simbolis mengalami trans-spesies menjadi binatang (babi) yang suka mencuri harta orang lain. Ketiga, sikap pengarang Indonesia terhadap tipe manusia biofilia adalah mendukung sepenuhnya. Para pengarang Indonesia menunjukkan keberpihakan pada tipe manusia biofilia. Sikap keberpihakan pengarang tersebut muncul dalam bentuk (1) sikap menumbuhkembangkan spiritualisme lingkungan. Sikap ini direpresentasikan oleh pengarang Herliany dalam Is; (2) sikap mencintai binatang direpresentasikan oleh pengarang Kuntowijoyo dalam MPU, Cipta dalam Ca, Thayf dalam TT, dan Lestari dalam Pt; (3) sikap apresiatif terhadap estetika lingkungan direpresentasikan oleh pengarang Dewi Lestari dalam Ak, Seno Gumira dalam NB2, dan Mangunwijaya dalam IHIH; dan (4) sikap menunjukkan pengetahuan tradisi pengobatan tradisional direpresentasikan oleh pengarang Mangunwijaya dalam IHIH, Senogumira dalam NB2, dan Thayf dalam TT. Dengan demikian, sikap pengarang Indonesia terhadap manusia biofilia terkategorikan orientasi >lunak< belum mengarah pada orientasi >radikal< sebab dalam novel Indonesia manusia biofilia tidak digambarkan melakukan peperangan/pemberontakan terhadap manusia nekrofilia. Keempat, sikap pengarang Indonesia terhadap manusia nekrofilia adalah tidak mendukung. Mereka memprotes dan mengkritisi tipe manusia nekrofilia. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan pengarang Indonesia dalam bentuk (1) sikap menunjukkan ketidakadilan ras dalam lingkungan; (2) sikap mengkritisi eksploitasi lingkungan. Sikap menunjukkan ketidakadilan ras dalam lingkungan direpesentasikan oleh Andrea Hirata dan Thayf. Adapun sikap mengkritisi eksploitasi lingkungan direpresentasikan oleh Andrea Hirata, Thayf, dan Tereliye dan; (3) sikap mengkritisi penyiksaan dan pelecehan terhadap binatang direpresentasikan oleh pengarang Eka Kurniawan dalam O. Berkait dengan keempat simpulan tersebut tampak bahwa sastra Indonesia, khususnya novel masih belum banyak yang memunculkan representasi interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan, baik segi manusia biofilia dan manusia nekrofilia. Dengan demikian, pengarang Indonesia, khususnya novelis, perhatian terhadap masalah interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan belum begitu besar. Lingkungan belum menjadi tema arus utama dalam novel-novel Indonesia. Meskipun demikian, sastrawan Indonesia, misalnya Mangunwijaya, Navis, Kuntowijoyo, Rampan, Lestari, Kurniawan, Thayf, Senogumira, Tereliye, Cipta, dan Herliany, merupakan pengarang yang menaruh konsentrasi terhadap hubungan interaksional antara manusia dan lingkungan. Karena itu, pengarang yang menggambarkan interaksi manusia dan lingkungan adalah pengarang yang menarasikan sastra lingkungan atau yang dikenal dengan sebutan ecoliterature, ecofiction, atau econarratology. N2 - Research on Human Types of >Biophilia and Necrophilia in Indonesian Ecofiction: An Ecopsychological Perspective< is based on the fact that literature represents the relationship between humans and the environment. This research focuses on four aspects, namely (1) the type of biophilic human in Indonesian ecofiction; (2) necrophilic human types in Indonesian eco-fiction; (3) the author's attitude towards human biophilia in Indonesian eco-fiction; and (4) the author's attitude towards necrophilic humans in Indonesian ecofiction. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive-interpretative approach. The approach used in this study is ecopsychology which is part of the study of psychology, while the theory used is biophilia and necrophilia which are supported by the concepts of environmental ethics and environmental alienation. The research instrument is the researcher who is also the key instrument. The data used are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs that are relevant to the research focus. The data sources used are 17 Indonesian ecofictions that are relevant to the research focus. Data analysis used heuristic techniques that referred to Key & Kerr, self-search, self-dialogue, and self-discovery, while data coding referred to Neuman, namely (1) open coding, (2) axial coding, ( 3) selective coding, and (4) final coding stage. Based on the analysis, the following research findings were obtained which were exposed. First, the biophilic human type found in 17 Indonesian ecofictions appears in the form of (1) humanistic biophilic human type. In interacting with the environment, humanistic biophilic humans show thoughts/actions of loving the sea, protesting the mining environment, caring for the domestic environment, caring for the paddy/field environment, and loving animals; (3) aesthetic biophilic human type. In interacting with the environment, aesthetic biophilic humans show thoughts/actions related to the beauty of waterfalls, the beauty of the surrounding environment, the beauty of the sea, environmental-themed art; (3) eco-spiritualistic biophilic human type. In interacting with the environment, eco-spiritualistic biophilic humans show their thoughts/actions in ceremonies related to the environment and search for identity through the environment; (4) ecosynthetic biophilic human type. In interacting with the environment, ecosynthetic biophilic humans show thoughts/actions of local knowledge about medicine, local knowledge about martial arts, local knowledge about lifestyle, how to control the environment, and how to make boats. Second, the necrophilic human type found in 17 Indonesian ecofictions appears in the form of (1) the exploitative necrophilic human type. In interacting with the environment, exploitative necrophilic humans show thoughts/actions related to exploitation of the mining environment, exploitation of the forest environment, exploitation of animals; (2) the human type of destructive necrophilia. In interacting with the environment, exploitative necrophilic humans show thoughts/actions related to burning forests, torturing/killing animals; and (3) the human type of symbolic necrophilia. In interacting with the environment, humans with symbolic necrophilia experience trans-species to become animals (pigs) who like to steal other people's property. Third, the attitude of Indonesian authors towards the biophilic human type is fully supportive. Indonesian authors show partiality towards the biophilic human type. The attitude of the author's partiality appears in the form of (1) the attitude of fostering environmental spiritualism. This attitude is represented by the author Herliany in Is; (2) the attitude of loving animals is represented by the authors Kuntowijoyo in MPU, Cipta in Ca, Thayf in TT, and Lestari in Pt; (3) an appreciative attitude towards environmental aesthetics is represented by the authors Dewi Lestari in Ak, Seno Gumira in NB2, and Mangunwijaya in IHIH; and (4) the attitude of demonstrating knowledge of traditional medicinal traditions represented by the authors Mangunwijaya in IHIH, Senogumira in NB2, and Thayf in TT. Thus, the attitude of Indonesian authors towards biophilic humans is categorized as a >soft< orientation but not towards a >radical< orientation because in Indonesian novels biophilic humans are not depicted waging war/rebellion against necrophilic humans. Fourth, the attitude of Indonesian authors towards necrophilic humans is not supportive. They protest and criticize the necrophilic human type. This is shown by Indonesian authors in the form of (1) attitudes showing racial injustice in the environment; (2) the attitude of criticizing the exploitation of the environment. The attitude of showing racial injustice in the environment is represented by Andrea Hirata and Thayf. As for the attitude of criticizing environmental exploitation represented by Andrea Hirata, Thayf, and Tereliye and; (3) the attitude of criticizing the torture and abuse of animals is represented by the author Eka Kurniawan in O. In connection with these four conclusions, it appears that Indonesian literature, especially novels, still does not present many representations of human interaction with the environment, both in terms of human biophilia and human necrophilia. Thus, Indonesian writers, especially novelists, have not paid much attention to the problem of human interaction with the environment. The environment has not yet become a mainstream theme in Indonesian novels. Nonetheless, Indonesian writers, for example Mangunwijaya, Navis, Kuntowijoyo, Rampan, Lestari, Kurniawan, Thayf, Senogumira, Tereliye, Cipta, and Herliany, are authors who concentrate on the interactional relationship between humans and the environment. Therefore, authors who describe the interaction of humans and the environment are authors who narrate environmental literature or what is known as ecoliterature, ecofiction, or econarratology. [Translation: Google translator, 12/2022] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abromeit, John T1 - Frankfurt School Critical Theory and the Persistence of Authoritarian Populism in the United States JF - Jeremiah Morelock (Ed.): Critical Theory and Authoritarian Populism, London (University of Westminster Press) 2018, pp. 3-27. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abril, Francisco T1 - Anhelo de sumisión, anhelo de libertad. Del círculo >interno< al >externo< de la Teoría Crítica y un paso más [Desire of Submission, Desire of Freedom. From >inner< to >outer< Circle of Critical Theory and one more Step] JF - Revista Pllquen. Sección Sciencias Sociales, Vol. 21, No. 1 (2018), pp. 14-29. [Online ISSN 1851-3123] [doi.org/10.54367/logos.v14i2.340] N2 - En el presente escrito buscaremos reconstruir algunas de las diferencias conceptuales que mostraron los autores más representativos de la primera Teoría Crítica de Frankfurt. Estas diferencias remiten tanto al análisis de los procesos socio-históricos, como al del problema del poder y la dominación. Para su adecuada reconstrucción nos serviremos de los aportes realizados por Axel Honneth – actual director del Institut für Sozialforschung – en su artículo >Teoría Crítica<. Su principal tesis es que, a finales de la década del treinta, se produjo una escisión en el seno de la primera Teoría Crítica; escisión que suscitó un círculo >interno<-integrado, entre otros, por Max Horkheimer y Theodor Adorno- y uno >externo< – al que pertenecieron Franz Neumann, Erich Fromm y Walter Benjamin –. Honneth defiende a los autores pertenecientes al círculo >externo<, pero no desarrolla de manera extensiva sus argumentos. Nuestra intención aquí es, precisamente, desglosar esta defensa a partir de la relectura del libro de Erich Fromm >El miedo a la Libertad<. En dicha obra puede encontrarse una exposición >compleja< del proceso socio-histórico y, sobre todo, un modelo de poder / dominación >alternative< respecto del que prevaleció en el círculo >interno< de la Teoría Crítica. Entendemos, por último, que el diálogo que se pueda establecer entre Honneth y Fromm señala caminos prometedores para renovar y dotar de actualidad al pensamiento social crítico. N2 - In this paper we will seek to reconstruct some of the conceptual differences that showed the most representative authors of the first Critical Theory of Frankfurt. These differences refer both to the analysis of socio-historical processes, and to the problem of power and domination. For its adequate reconstruction we will use the contributions made by Axel Honneth – current director of the Institut für Sozialforschung – in his article >Critical Theory<. Its main thesis is that in the late 30s there was a division in the first Critical Theory. This division gave rise to an >inner< circle – Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno, among others- and an >outer< circle -including to Franz Neumann, Erich Fromm and Walter Benjamin –. Honneth defends the authors belonging to the >outer< circle, but does not develop extensively their arguments. Our intention here is precisely to disaggregate this defense from the re-reading of Erich Fromm's book >Escape from Freedom<. In this work we can find a >complex< exposition of the socio-historical process and, above all, an >alternative< model of power / domination over that which prevailed in the >inner< circle of Critical Theory. Lastly, we understand that the dialogue that can be established between Honneth and Fromm points to promising paths for renewing and updating critical social thinking. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Farrell, Michael T1 - Comment on Neil McLaughlin/2. Types of Creativity and Types of Collaborative Circles: New Directions for Research JF - Sociologica, No. 2 (Sep/Oct 2018), pp. 1-9. [ISSN 1971-8853] [rivisteweb.it/doi/10.2383/27716] N2 - This paper combines historical and biographical work on the Frankfurt School of critical theorists with a sociological approach to intellectual creativity outlined in Michael Farrell’s provocative book Collaborative Circles: Friendship Dynamics and Creative Work. Revisiting earlier research on the often unheralded role the psychoanalyst Erich Fromm played in the early years of the critical theory tradition, the paper reviews the theory of collaborative circles outlined by Farrell, applies this social science explanation of conflict and creativity to the Frankfurt School network of Horkheimer, Fromm, Adorno, Marcuse, Lowenthal etc. and suggests a new way of thinking about the history of this innovative and controversial group of social theorists and researchers. The paper concludes by suggesting revisions to the Farrell model of collaborative circles and compares and contrasts the strengths of the theory to the “scientific intellectual movements” approach outlined by Frickel and Gross. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuchs, Christian T1 - Authoritarian capitalism, authoritarian movements and authoritarian communication JF - Media, Culture & Society, Vol 40, No. 5 (2018), pp. 779-791. [Online ISSN 1460-3675] [doi.org/10.1177/0163443718772147] N2 - Paolo Gerbaudo’s book >The Mask and the Flag: Populism, Citizenism and Global Protest<, whose approach is reflected in his Crosscurrents piece in the issue of >Media, Culture & Society< at hand, is a response to these societal, political and academic challenges. This Cross Currents comment asks, I ask, the following: Why is it that right-wing authoritarian populism in recent times has become much more popular than left-wing movements? How do right-wing authoritarian movements communicate? Why is it that right-wing political communication strategies seem to garner and result in mass support? The critical theory of authoritarianism advanced by the Frankfurt School and related authors on fascism, Nazism, and the authoritarian personality help us to critically analyse the communication of authoritarianism. In this context, particularly the works by Franz Leopold Neumann, Erich Fromm, Theodor W. Adorno, Herbert Marcuse, Leo Löwenthal, and Willhelm Reich are relevant. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gallagher, Ann A1 - et al., T1 - Love as a core value in veterinary and medical practice: Towards a humanimal clinical ethics? JF - Clinical Ethics, Vol. 13, No. 1 (2018), pp. 1-8. [Online ISSN 1758-101X] [doi.org/10.1177/1477750917738110] N2 - This article represents the outcome of a dialogue between a vet and a healthcare ethicist on the theme of >love< in professional life. We focus on four types or varieties of love (eros, agape, philia and storge) in relation to the professional care of humans and animals. We discuss the relevance of Fromm’s core elements of love (care, responsibility, respect and knowledge) and consider the implications of these for human and animal health care practice. We present and respond to five arguments that might be waged against embracing love as a professional value in veterinary and medical practice. We argue that a moderated love can and should be reclaimed as a contemporary professional value. It is most helpfully contextualised within virtue ethics or care ethics. We suggest that love is a rich starting point from which to launch an exploration of an interprofessional humanimal clinical ethics. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gandesha, Samir T1 - >Identifying with the aggressor<: From the authoritarian to neoliberal personality JF - Constellations, John Wiley and Sons, 2018, pp. 1–18. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gandesha, Samir T1 - Understanding Right and Left Populism T2 - Jeremiah Morelock (Ed.): Critical Theory and Authoritarian Populism, London (University of Westminster Press) 2018, pp. 49-70. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amarshi, Aliya T1 - From Pain to Power: A Socio-Psychological Investigation of Anti-Racist Feminist Ressentiment, Dissertation, in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy), Sociology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 2018, 348 + 7 pp. [yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/42b76ef0-db96-4a23-a501-61ee3c513404/content] N2 - In recent years, identity-based movements have increasingly been criticized by outsiders for espousing a >culture of outrage< both in terms of their academic expressions and activist mobilizations. In the present study, I examine this charge from within the struggle by advancing a self-reflexive socio-psychological investigation into certain emotional responses, attitudes, and practices that have, in significant ways, come to define this type of political agitation. Specifically, I focus my analysis on anti-racist feminism given my personal ties and investment in this movement. Following Wendy Brown, I investigate whether anti-racist feminism suffers from the Nietzschean affliction of ressentiment, and if so, what can be done to reorient the movement towards a more affirmative and humanist future. I address this latter objective through the work of Erich Fromm who I argue provides us with insights that are especially pertinent to our current problem, and which, when developed further with the aid of anti-racist interventions, can offer a fruitful means to moving forward. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bytautas, Matas T1 - Subjekto humanistinės-vertybinės pozicijos realizavimas Erich'o Fromm'o filosofijoje [Realization of the humanistic-value position of the object in the philosophy of Erich Fromm] JF - Socialinių Mokslų Studijos / Societal Studies, Vol. 10, No. 2 (2018), pp. 194-204. [Online ISSN 2029-2244] [ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=417] N2 - Straipsnyje analizuojama Erich’o Fromm’o suformuota produktyvaus charakterio struktūra, kuri yra ir humanistinės vertybės išreiškimo sąlyga. Ši charakterio struktūra analizuojama kaip tam tikras atskaitos taškas, kuriuo būtų galima vertinti naują technologijų formuojamą realybę. Tokio tipo analizės pasirinkimas susijęs su tuo, kad naujoji technologinė realybė sparčiai kinta kokybiškai. Todėl kyla klausimas, ar įmanoma suformuoti tokį jos kritinio vertinimo atskaitos tašką, kuris, viena vertus, tarnautų humanistiniams tikslams, kita vertus, leistų vertinti įvykusius technologijų kokybinius pokyčius. Taip pat pateikiama E. Fromm’o suformuoto produktyvaus charakterio įpraktinimo kritika ir tolesnės šios temos nagrinėjimo galimos perspektyvos. N2 - In the 21st century, rapidly developing technologies and their integration into social life have created a new type of reality: virtual reality generated by information technologies. This new technological phenomenon, which differs from the other technical creations produced by humanity, belongs to a different plane to the familiar physical one. We are not talking about a technical product that has acquired a new quality, but about a new layer of reality that has formed in which the speed, features, possibilities and impacts of processes are very different from technological processes in familiar physical reality. This >otherness< implies that earlier technical criticism, which addressed various de-humanising aspects, is not enough to critically evaluate the new technological reality. The question therefore arises of whether it is possible to formulate a critical point of reference that serves humanitarian purposes from the one side and allows new qualitative changes to be appreciated from the other. The structure of productive character, a concept elucidated by Erich Fromm, is analysed to achieve this aim. This concept is a means of expressing humanism as a value, acting as a starting point from which the new technology-formed reality can be assessed. The structure of productive character reveals to us is that it is the position of classical humanism as value (human purpose is the development of one’s potential) and that it combines inner mental qualities with one’s social environment without attributing the determining role for any of these aspects. The opportunity to form this kind of character by Fromm is, first, to do practice in which a person, through awareness, transforms forces that are irrational and have an influence on him or her. The result is that this person is free from the forces that stopped the individual from realising him or herself. Secondly, to transform his or her social life, when, instead of passive existence determined by a mechanised societal order and computers, the person chooses active self-realisation. Special groups of people are helping this shift to happen. When, through these means, a person has finally formed the structure of productive character within him or herself, then the main value and orientation of that individual’s life is the further development of their potential – the results of which will be integrated into social life. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carvalho, Salo de T1 - A Atualidade da Criminologia Crítica: Pensamento Criminológico, Controle Social e Violência Institucional JF - Veritas (Porto Alegre), Vol. 63, No. 2 (2018), pp. 626-639. [Online ISSN 1984-6746] [doi.org/10.15448/1984-6746.2018.2.30790] N2 - O ensaio discute e afirma a atualidade da Criminologia Crítica a partir da identificação de sua emergência na Escola de Frankfurt e, em consequência, dos vínculos entre a constituição do saber criminológico crítico e a crítica das violências institucionais. Ao apresentar as diferenças entre as teorias tradicional e crítica, aponta as relações entre razão jurídica e razão instrumental e direciona o enfoque aos autores do círculo externo da Escola de Frankfurt que enfrentaram a questão penal (Rusche, Kirchheimer, Neumann e Fromm). Ao final, projeta formas de atuação do saber crítico nos campos da Criminologia e do Direito Penal. N2 - This paper analyses current debates in the Critical Criminology field, through its emergence during the Frankfurt School, and the link between the development of the critical criminology knowledge and the criticism of institutional violence. By introducing the differences between traditional and critical theories, the essay points out the relation between legal and instrumental reasons, and considers authors that did not belong to the main circle of the Frankfurt School and dealt with criminological issues (Rusche, Kirchheimer, Neumann and Fromm).To conclude, the paper proposes ways to apply critical knowledge in the Criminology and Criminal Law field. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kapłańska, Justyna T1 - Miłość nadająca życiu sens – zestawienie myśli Ericha Fromma i Hansa Ursa von Balthasara [Love that Gives Meaning to Life – A Juxtaposition of the Thoughts of Erich Fromm and Hans Urs von Balthasar] JF - Śląskie Studia Historyczno-Teologiczne, Vol 51, No. 2 (2018), pp. 376-387. N2 - Wśród myślicieli zajmujących się tematyką miłości na szczególną uwagę zasługują erich fromm i Hans Urs von Balthasar. obaj, czyniąc miłość jednym z ważniejszych zagadnień swych naukowych rozważań, traktują ją jako rozwiązanie ludzkich trudności i coś, co nadaje życiu sens. Dokonują wnikliwej analizy społeczeństwa, człowieka i czasów, w jakich przyszło im żyć i w ramach tej re fleksji prezentują wielopłaszczyznowe podejście do zagadnienia miłości. ich spojrzenie, a w szczegól ności różnice w ich postrzeganiu miłości, są ciekawe także ze względu na ich zbliżony kontekst historyczny (podobne lata życia) i kulturowy. artykuł, mając na uwadze odmienność stosowanej przez autorów metodologii i inną perspektywę (psychologiczną, filozoficzną czy teologiczną), ukazuje podobieństwa i różnice w ich myśli, a także poka zuje, że Hans Urs von Balthasar idzie o krok dalej niż erich fromm, analizując miłość w nieznanych temu drugiemu przestrzeniach. N2 - Among thinkers dealing with the subject of love, Erich Fromm and Hans Urs von Balthasar deserve special attention. Both, making love one of the most important issues in their scientific considerations, treat it as a solution to human difficulties and something that gives meaning to life. They make an in-depth analysis of society, people and the times in which they live and, as part of this reflection, present a multi-faceted approach to the issue of love. Their views, and in particular the differences in their perception of love, are also interesting due to their similar cultural and historical context (similar life years). The article, having regard to the different methodology used by the authors and a different perspective (psychological, philosophical or theological), shows the similarities and differences in their thoughts, and also shows that Hans Urs von Balthasar goes a step further than Erich Fromm, moving and analyzing love on spaces unknown to the latter. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Douglas T1 - Donald Trump as Authoritarian Populist: A Frommian Analysis JF - Jeremiah Morelock (Ed.): Critical Theory and Authoritarian Populism, London (University of Westminster Press) 2018, pp. 71-82. N2 - In this article, I discuss in detail how Erich Fromm’s categories can help de-scribe Trump’s character, or >temperament,< a word used to characterize a major flaw in Trump in the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign and his rule as President by the end of the first year. In >The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness< (1973), Fromm engages in a detailed analysis of the authoritarian character as sadistic, excessively narcissistic, malignantly aggressive, vengeably destructive, and necrophiliac, personality traits arguably applicable to Trump. In the following analysis, I will systematically deploy key Frommian socio-psychoanalytic categories to Trump and his followers to show how they can illuminate Trump and authoritarian populism. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kermatfar, Hossein A1 - Beyad, Maryam T1 - The worm in the apple: wretched bonds in J. M. Coetzee’s >Disgrace< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - African Identities, Vol. 16: No. 3 (2018), pp. 318-332. [Online ISSN 1472-5851] [doi.org/10.1080/14725843.2018.1439731] N2 - Coetzee’s novel >Disgrace< addresses the question of dysfunctional inter-human relationships and explores the themes of domination, subjection, and character distortion in the context of the post-apartheid South Africa. In fact, this paper holds, >Disgrace< fictionalizes Coetzee’s concerns about the social deformation that springs from distorted relationality. According to Erich Fromm’s social thought, the apartheid regime represented an insane society based on sadistic domination and masochistic submission. It systematized sadomasochistic patterns of interpersonal relatedness and excluded horizontal relationships based on love and mutual care. Disgrace shows that how the same dynamics of intersubjective relationships still feature in the >new< South Africa. A parallel is, therefore, drawn between Coetzean ideas about deformed relationality and social deformation and Frommian symbiotic relatedness and sociocultural insanity. The apartheid’s spirit of insanity lingers in the post-apartheid period since its modes of human interactions persist. The transition from the earlier racist system to a genuine democracy, the novel suggests, sounds impossible unless love replaces sadomasochistic relationality. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krivins, A. T1 - The motivational peculiarities of bribe-takers JF - The 6th International Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference >Society, Health, Welfare<, November 23 – 25, 2016, Riga, Latvia. In: Berkis, U. and Vilka, L. (Eds.): SHS Web of Conferences, Vol. 40 (2018), pp. 1-10. [doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184001006] N2 - Criminology (as the scientific study of criminal behaviour on the individual and social level) and psychology (as the science, which seeks to understand individuals and groups) pay special attention to motivation – a theoretical construction, used to explain behaviour. In this article the motivation of recipients of bribery is widely investigated. In addition to such well-established motives as greediness, selfishness, prevalence of personal interest, the author analyzes also other criminal behaviour determinants. The works, which are used in this research are of the following authors: John Broadus Watson, Edward Lee Thorndike (Behavioural); Sigmund Freud, Erich Fromm (Psychoanalysis); Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow (Existential-humanistic theories); William Isaac Thomas (Thomas theorem); Florian Witold Znaniecki (sociological theory); Erik Homburger Erikson (theory on psychosocial development of human beings); Jean William Fritz Piaget (theory of cognitive development); Herbert Lefcourt, Ronald Smith (>Locus of Control<) etc. As the result of this research the author has concluded that bribe-takers’ behaviour is determined by such psychological constructs as the desire for power, fear, envy, mental deflections, mania, feeling of exclusion, the need for extreme, oppressed creativity. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kim, Kwangsik T1 - 니체와 프롬의 철학으로 되짚어 본 EXO의 >으르렁 [The Song >Eureureong< [Growl] of EXO in the Philosophy of F. W. Nietzsche und E. Fromm]< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - 사회와 철학 [Social Philosophy], Vol. 35 (2018), pp. 45-66. N2 - >으르렁<은 젊은 세대 대중음악을 대표하는 노래 가운데 하나다. 이 노래는 젊 은 세대에게 크게 인기를 끌었다. 이 노래는 철학적으로 >매우 위험한< 노래다. 으르렁대는 야만적인 무한경쟁의 심리가 드러나 있다. 이 논문은 그 노랫말을 니체와 프롬의 철학으로 되짚어 보고 그 철학적 까닭과 해법을 찾아보았다. 니체의 철학으로 보면, 그 철학적 까닭은 시기, 곧 타자 부정이며, 그 해법은 긍 정, 곧 자기 긍정이다. 자기가 사랑하는 이성을 사랑하는 다른 동성들에게 으르렁대는 까닭은 자기보다 뛰어난 이에 대한 불안이나 두려움 때문이며, 그 바탕에는 열등감과 시기심이 깔려 있다. 무엇보다 먼저 자기를 가치 있는 사람으로 긍정하면, 열등감과 시기심에 빠지지 않고, 자기보다 뛰어난 이에 대해 불안이나 두려움을 가질 필요가 없으므로 다른 이들에게 으르렁대지 않을 거다. 프롬의 철학으로 보면, 그 철학적 까닭은 소유를 지향하는 삶의 마음가짐이며, 그 해법은 존재를 지향하는 삶의 마음가짐이다. 다른 동성들에게 으르렁대는 까닭은 이성을 독차지하려는 소유를 지향하는 삶의 마음가짐 때문이다. 무엇보다 먼저 존재를 지향하는 삶의 마음가짐을 가지면, 사랑의 존재, 곧 사랑의 과정 및 경험 그 자체를 중요하게 여기므로 이성을 독차지하지 못하거나 잃어버릴까봐 불안해할 필요가 없기에 다른 이들에게 으르렁대지 않을 거다. >으르렁<으로 미루어 짐작하건대 우리 젊은 세대는 자긍심보다 열등감이나 시기 심이 강하고, 존재를 지향하는 삶의 마음가짐보다 소유를 지향하는 삶의 마음가짐이 강한 경향이 있다. 우리 나이든 세대의 유산일 게다. 걱정되는 것은 그러한 경향이 더 노골적이고 거칠어졌다는 점이다. 철학자만의 잘못은 아니다. 무한경쟁을 낳는 사회 구조적 원인이 가장 큰 탓이다. 하지만 철학자의 탓이기도 한 만큼 우리 철학자들이 젊은 세대의 자긍심이나 존재를 지향하는 삶의 마음가짐을 북돋우는 데 힘써야 한다. N2 - The song is one of the songs that represent the pop music of the young generation. Because the song has gained huge popularity among young people. This song is philosophically >so dangerous<. The song has the mentality of the growling barbarous unlimited competition. I analyzed the lyrics of the song in the philosophy of F. W. Nietzsche and E. Fromm and explored the philosophical reasons and solutions. In the philosophy of Nietzsche, the philosophical reason is the jealousy, this is the negation of others, and the solution is the pride, this is self-affirmation. The reason why he growls to other people who love his beloved partner is the anxiety or the fear to a man superior to himself, which is based on the inferiority feeling or the jealousy. First of all, if he affirms himself as a worthy person, he won't growl to others, because he don't have to feel inferior to or jealous of a man superior to himself and to feel anxious or fear. In the philosophy of Fromm, the philosophical reason is the attitude of the having-oriented lifestyle, and the solution is the attitude of the being-oriented lifestyle. The reason why he growls to others is because he has the attitude of the having-oriented lifestyle, which make him desire to monopolize his beloved partner. First of all, if he has the attitude of the being-oriented lifestyle, he won’t growl to others, because he regards the existence of love, namely the process or experience of love as important and therefore he don’t have to feel anxious or fear lest he can’t monopolize her or loses her. According to guessing from the song >Eureureong<, I guess that our younger generations tend to have inferiority feeling or jealousy rather than the pride and to have the attitude of the having-oriented lifestyle rather than the attitude of the being-oriented lifestyle. It is the legacy of our old generation. Worrying is that such trends are more explicit and rough-hearted. It is not just a philosopher's fault. That is mainly due to social structural causes. However, as a philosopher, we must strive to encourage our young people to have the pride and the attitude of the being-oriented lifestyle, because it is also a philosopher's fault. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Málovics, Jánosné T1 - A Marxi Elidegenedés-Elmélet hatása Erich Fromm Munkásságára [Wirkung der marxistischen Entfremdungstheorie auf die Tätigkeit von Erich Fromm] [Влияние теории отчужденности К. Маркса на деятельность Э. Фромма] JF - Acta Acadamiae Paedagogicae Szegedieesis, 1987-1988. Series Marxistica-Leninistica et Historica, pp. 97-103. [ISSN 0236-770X] [acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/18231/1/jgytf_tudkozl_historica_1987_097-103.pdf] N2 - Die Diagnose des in der gegenwärtigen bürgerlichen Gesellschaft lebenden Menschen wird aus dem Gesichtspunkt des sich entfremdeten Individuums von Fromm eingehend aber etwas einseitig beschrieben. In seinen Untersuchungen vermischen sich soziologische und psychologische Elemente. Die Entfremdung spielt in seinen Werken eine zenrale Rolle, während deren Analyse werden die Gedanken von Marx in grossem Masse verwendet; dementsprechend wird Freud von ihm revidiert. N2 - Е. Фромм детально, но несколько односторонне, с точки зрения отчужденного индивидуума, описывает диагноз человека в современном буржуазном обществе. В его исследовании сочетаются социологические и психологические элементы. В произведениях философа проблема отчуждения стоит на центральном месте. В ходе анализа этой проблемы Е. Фромм в большой мере использует идеи К. Маркса и на их основе пересматривает программу Фрейда. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Millhouse, Madison M. T1 - Love as an Active Choice JF - Line by Line: A Journal of Beginning Student Writing, Vol. 4, No. 2 (2018), Article 8, pp. 1-5. [ecommons.udayton.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1205&context=lxl] N2 - Thanks to Nestor Haddaway, one cannot simply ask, >What is love?< without instinctually following it with the lyrics >Baby don’t hurt me, don’t hurt me, no more<, and I couldn’t bring myself to do it in this essay. However, now that I have posed the question – and gotten that song stuck in my head I’d like to ask the question in a better way: How does one love? The root of society’s widespread confusion on love is that it is not asking the right question. By asking how to love, one can then move on to ask more specific questions, particularly, how to maintain one’s individuality in love. I argue, with the help of Erich Fromm’s book >The Art of Loving< and Bell Hooks’ book >All About Love< that this image of a moving statue, >Man and Woman<, by Tamara Kvesitadze (Fig. 1) represents the answer to this question with its oscillation between the individuality and the connectedness needed for mature love. Contrary to the common conceptions that love is simple and out of one’s control, love is an active balance – a constant motion – between being together and yet separate. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Picardo Joao, Oscar T1 - El Salvador en el diván: Una lectura psicoanalítica [El Salvador on the psychiatrist’s couch: psychoanalytical reading] JF - Realidad y Refiexión / Reality and Reflection, Vol. 18, No. 47 (2018), pp. 38-46. [Online ISSN 2520-9299] [doi.org/10.5377/ryr.v0i47.6270] N2 - Siguiendo los postulados de Erich Fromm para comprender los procesos de la vida anímica contemporánea. Se intenta entender qué sucede en la sociedad salvadoreña. En los padecimientos psicopáticos-sociales reflejados en las altas estadísticas de homicidios, suicidios, corrupción y migración. Es un acercamiento al subconsciente cultural y otros procesos no comprendidos que podrían estar influyendo en el modo de actuar de la sociedad; pero desde un plano simbólico, intentando comprender un diagnóstico simple y algunas salidas terapéuticas para abordar los problemas. N2 - Following the postulates of Erich Fromm to understand the processes of contemporary psychic life. We try to understand what happens in Salvadoran society. In the psychopathic-social conditions reflected in the high statistics of homicides, suicides, corruption and migration. It is an approach to the cultural subconscious and other processes not understood that could be influencing the way society acts; but from a symbolic level, trying to understand a simple diagnosis and some therapeutic outputs to address the problems. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pozdeeva, E. G. A1 - et al., T1 - Problems of Personality Type Transformation In Current Conditions of Russian Society JF - International Conference on Research Paradigms Transformation in Social Sciences (RPTSS 2017), 18-21 May, 2017, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Russia, in: Ardashkin, I. B. et al. (Eds.): Research Paradigms Transformation in Social Sciences, Vol. 35. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences (Future Academy) 2018, pp. 1092-1099. [doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.02.128] N2 - The article examines features of stability and transformation of the personality type emerging as a normative and value image of the modern Russian society. Based on approaches of Erich Fromm, David Riesman, Yuri Levada, two trends can be revealed: one of them aims to preserve those archetypal characteristics so typical of >Soviet human<, another one deals with formation of new properties that would meet goals of market oriented society and define features of individual success. Russian society is characteristic of global processes of values modernization, reasoned by R. Inglehart and C. Welzel, and reflecting individual’s pursuance of greater personal freedom and self-expression. The new value system of the Russians is still nascent; giving up on old social and cultural reality is of phantom nature. Previous research analysis allows concluding that the personality type is balancing between two poles, caused by socio-economic conditions fluctuation, poor establishment of institutional factors for system implementation of the new model, missing of a clear vision of the future, which could serve as a reference. Russian society appears to be split according to the typological dominance factor into two groups – active and passive. The problem arises on how lack of uniform symbolic and semantic field effects the modern personality type formation as it leads to social relations mobility, ongoing risk and complex processes in semio-phychological space. However, the personality type instability may be also caused by socio-cultural specifics, traditions, lack of public communication space development, preservation of former institutional structures and a particular lifestyle. Y1 - 2018 ER -