TY - JOUR A1 - Hristeva, Galina A1 - Bennett, Philip W. T1 - Wilhelm Reich in Soviet Russia: Psychoanalysis, Marxism, and the Stalinist reaction JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 1, 2018), pp. 054-069. N2 - In 1929, Wilhelm Reich lectured on >Psychoanalysis as a natural science< before the Communist Academy in Moscow; he was the only Freudian-trained Central European psychoanalyst to do so. That same year, his article >Dialectical materialism and psychoanalysis< was published in the Academy's journal, Under the Banner of Marxism, in both Moscow and Berlin. By this time, Reich's involvement with political activism aligned with the Austrian Communist Party was increasing, while simultaneously psychoanalysis in the Soviet Union was in decline. Our paper places these events in their proper historical context and includes a discussion of the various attempts to determine the compatibility of psychoanalysis and Marxism. We offer analyses of both the article, >Dialectical materialism and psychoanalysis,< and the lecture, >Psychoanalysis as a natural science,< and the reactions to both by Reich's Russian critics. We show the ways in which responses to his lecture foreshadow what becomes the standard Soviet assessment of psychoanalysis. As an appendix to this paper, we provide the first English translation of the Russian account of his lecture, as published in the Herald of the Communist Academy. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guo, Aiqing T1 - >The Sane Society< as an Inspiration for Building a Socialist Harmonious Society [>健全的社会<对构建社会主义和谐社会的启示] JF - Newspapers and Magazines [报刊荟萃], No. 2 (2018), p. 3. N2 - 健全的社会》是弗洛姆从自身经历的角度对资本主义的社会进行了深入的探讨,提出现代资本主义的社会呈现异化现状,还通过分析资本主义各个阶段特点及其社会性格,深刻的阐述的了异化问题。在书的最后他从经济、政治、文化这三方面展示了他对健全社会的构想。这本书对于我们正确看待资本主义的社会有重要作用,同时为我国建设和谐社会提供了理论指导。 N2 - >The Sane Society< is a deep discussion of the capitalist society from the perspective of his own experience, and proposes the status quo of the modernization of modern capitalism, and also analyzes the characteristics of various stages of capitalism and The social character has profoundly expounded the problem of alienation. At the end of the book, he showed his vision of a sound society from the three aspects of economy, politics and culture. This book plays an important role in the correct view of capitalist society and provides theoretical guidance for building a harmonious society in China. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hamburger, Andreas T1 - After Babel: Teaching psychoanalysis on a former battlefield – experiences in an international research network JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 104-113. N2 - This article describes a psychoanalyst's personal experience in an international and interdisciplinary social trauma research network. Crises and conflicts are understood as an integral feature of such a collaboration. Using the self-reflective capacity of the psychoanalyst may help to turn them into a new perspective. Crossing disciplinary borders, reconnecting to the field of academic research, might prove to be a rather rewarding step. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Han, Shumei A1 - Liu, Tongfang T1 - Baudrillard's Perspective on Consumption Alienation Criticism and Its Theoretical Limitations [鲍德里亚消费异化批判的视角及其理论局限] JF - Social Science Research [社会科学研究], No. 5 (2018), pp. 135-140. N2 - 与马尔库塞和阿格尔等人分别基于人道视角、生态视角批判自由消费的异化本质不同,鲍德里亚以物(商品)的功能的零度化为理论切入口,通过对消费内涵的重新定义,以及对符号拜物教的理论指认,提出必须引入符号学才能彻底揭露现代资本主义社会的消费异化本质及其统治策略的隐蔽机制,由此建构了基于符号视角的独特批判向度。但鲍德里亚将其理论语境和关注视野仅仅锁定在符号消费和文化意识层面,过度夸大了消费对社会发展的深层作用以及符号逻辑批判的积极效应,遮蔽了资本这一现代性问题域的轴心地位和根本意义,从而导致其批判理论只是停留在分析异化现实的直接性和表象性层面上,阻断了深入社会现实本质的可能,并最终陷入符号决定论的虚无主义理论局限。 N2 - Unlike Marcuse and Agel, who criticize the alienation nature of free consumption based on humane perspective and ecological perspective, Baudrillard takes the zero degree of the function of goods (commodities) as the theory. The redefinition of the connotation of consumption and the theoretical identification of symbolic fetishism suggest that semiotics must be introduced to completely expose the hidden mechanism of consumption alienation in modern capitalist society and its dominant strategy, thus constructing a unique critical dimension based on symbolic perspective. However, Baudrillard only locks its theoretical context and attention to the level of symbolic consumption and cultural awareness, over-exaggerating the deep role of consumption in social development and the positive effects of symbolic logic criticism, shielding the modern problem domain of capital. The status and fundamental meaning of the axis, which led to its critical theory only stayed at the direct and apparent level of analyzing the alienation reality, blocked the possibility of deepening the essence of social reality, and finally fell into the nihilistic theoretical limitation of symbolic determinism. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Handler Spitz, Ellen T1 - Psychoanalysis and the academy: Reflections on undergraduate teaching JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 082-089. N2 - This article addresses both the rewards and the daunting complexities of teaching psychoanalysis to undergraduates in the USA, where the idea of a university as a site for the cultivation of the life of the mind is under siege. The essay recommends a close critical reading of key Freudian texts, the establishment of a classroom atmosphere of trust, genuine respect for expectable student skepticism, and the capacity to wait as dystonic ideas gradually take hold and reveal their worth. Speed, a ubiquitous feature and a questionable desideratum of twenty-first century US culture, as well as facile cleverness, a desideratum within academia, tell against the psychoanalytic process, which is long, slow, halting, laborious, and painful, but a process that can, at best, open what has heretofore been sealed. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hardeck, Jürgen T1 - Faszination durch Technik und Technikkritik im 20. Jahrhundert JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 013-026. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018b Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018b ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Das Leben selbst ist eine Kunst. Einführung in Leben und Werk von Erich Fromm, Freiburg im Breisgau (Herder) 2018, 269 pp. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erich Fromm: Die Furcht vor der Freiheit JF - H. E. Lück et al. (Eds.), Klassiker der Psychologie. Die bedeutenden Werke: Entstehung, Inhalt und Wirkung, 2. erweiterte und überarbeitete Auflage, Stuttgart (Verlag W. Kohlhammer), 2018, pp. 295-302. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Das mediale Ich. Zur psychischen Neukonstruktion des Menschen JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 067-087. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018f Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018f ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Begrüßung und Einführung in die Tagung JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 122-126. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018k Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018k ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Schmid, Daniela T1 - Die Bedeutung der Liebe im Werk von Erich Fromm. Daniela Schmid im Interview mit Dr. Rainer Funk T2 - Zoom – nah dran! Themenheft „Von der Liebe lernen!“, Überlingen, Heft 1/2018, S. 9-11. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gao, Di T1 - An Analysis of the Philosophy of Life in >One Hundred Years of Solitude< 浅析《百年孤独》中的人生哲学思想 [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Popular Literature [大众文艺], No. 14 (2018), pp. 44-45. N2 - 《百年孤独》这部世界经典著作的作者是加布里尔·加西亚·马尔克斯,这部跨域中西异质文化的著作孤独和爱情作为一个线索,贯穿于全文的字里行间,贯穿于加布里尔·加西亚·马尔克斯写作的全过程,他用最朴素、直白的文字,表现出了人们心灵深处最深刻、最本质的>孤独<与追求。正如弗洛姆在《逃避自由》中阐述,对孤独的逃避往往使人陷入另外一个不自由的阶段。人是社会的产物,但是并不被社会所束缚。孤独是自由的必经阶段,真正的自由是对孤独的超越和扬弃。 N2 - Gabriel García Márquez, is the author of the world classic book >Cien años de soledad<. This book, which straddles the heterogeneous cultures of East and West, has loneliness and love as a clue, which runs through the words and lines of the whole text and the whole process of Gabriel Garcia Marquez's writing. As Fromm explains in >Escape from Freedom< the escape from loneliness often leads people to another stage of unfreedom. Man is a product of society, but he is not tied down by it. Solitude is a necessary stage of freedom, and true freedom is the transcendence and renunciation of solitude. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Garber, Marjorie T1 - Identity theft JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 076-081. N2 - Psychoanalysis has almost disappeared from the curricula of most American universities, which I illustrate by the case of the department of psychology at my own university, Harvard. Courses on psychoanalysis are very rare there and it is mostly seen as a part of history of psychology and not as a set of ideas that can be useful nowadays. Personality models developed by Freud or Melanie Klein, as well as many more contemporary psychoanalysts, are, however, still very relevant for the humanities. This is particularly the case for Shakespeare studies and I am trying to show that despite the fact that psychoanalysis can enrich this field, less and less students show interest in it or are willing to admit that they themselves may have unconscious reactions. I focus on the usefullness of the concept of projective identification and propose the thesis that is another name for the activities of theater, and indeed for theater itself. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gast, Lilli T1 - Freud’s Utopia revisited: The International Psychoanalytic University Berlin JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 1, 2018), pp. 035-039. N2 - The International Psychoanalytic University was founded in 2009. This article provides an outline of its core tasks, study programs, research activities, and infrastructure. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hardeck, Jürgen T1 - >Die Wahrheit wird Euch freimachen<. Erich Fromm in der Tradition der Religionskritik von Feuerbach bis Freud JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 127-138. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018l Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018l ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hermann, Bernhard A1 - Hardeck, Jürgen T1 - Begruessung JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 098-102. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018h Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018h ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hietalahti, Jarno T1 - The Necrophilic Laughter: Humor as a Social Pathology JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 038-049. N2 - In this article, I claim that humor can be a form of social pathology. In opposition to the general humor-affirmative atmosphere, I develop the critical tradition of humor research, and suggest that there is a darker side to fun and laughter. Using insights from Henri Bergson’s theory about laughter and Erich Fromm’s critical social thinking, I formulate a novel theoretical combination which opens up fruitful perspectives on contemporary humor and its social nature. This empirically motivated conceptual position helps us to understand the role and function of humor and laughter. My conclusion is that parts of the contemporary humor catalogue reflect collective destructive and even death-orientated tendencies. The main argument is that if humor is not in line with humanistic values and is not based on a life-orientated worldview, it is in danger of becoming pathological. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e22/2018c Y1 - 2018 VL - e22/2018c ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Vorwort des Herausgebers JF - E. Fromm, Ihr werdet sein wie Gott. Psychoanalyse und Religion, München (Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, dtv 34934) 2018, pp. 7-14. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erklär mir einer die Liebe… Martin Cyris interviewt Rainer Funk T2 - Franziskusbote. Zeitschrift der Stiftung St. Franzismus Heiligenbronn, Schramberg No. 2, 2018, pp. 6-10. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Slowo od wydawey niemieckiego T2 - E. Fromm, Milosc, plec i matriarchat, Kraków (Vis-à-vis Etudia) 2018, pp. 005-011. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Zwischen Destruktivität und Liebe. Erich Fromms Erkenntnisse zu zwei widerstreitenden Fähigkeiten des Menschen JF - Der Blaue Reiter,. Journal für Philosophie, Hannover (Der Verlag der blaube Reiter), No. 42 (2018), pp. 19-23. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Das mediale Ich. Zur psychischen Neukonstruktion des Menschen JF - Blickpunkt EFL-Beratung, No. 41 - Oktober 2018, pp. 11-23. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Rainer A1 - Hess, Sebastian T1 - Haben oder Sein. Sebastian Hess im Interview mit Rainer Funk T2 - Happinez. Das Mindstyle Magazine, No. 7 (2018), pp. 81-88. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gong, Qun A1 - Li, Xiaodong T1 - Two Views of Negative Freedom 两种消极自由观 JF - Journal of Soochow University (Philosophy & Social Science Edition) 苏州大学学报(哲学社会科学版), No. 1 (2018), pp. 1-6, 191. N2 - 在20世纪,伯林和弗洛姆都提出了自己的消极自由观。伯林的消极自由指的是不受干涉、不受侵犯的个人领域;而弗洛姆的消极自由指的是现代人摆脱传统的社会关系的束缚而获得的独立自由,但人在获得这种消极自由的同时,带来的却是孤独感和不安全感。在伯林看来,成为自己主人的积极自由的变性将导致消极自由领域的消失,而弗洛姆则认为,正是人们力图逃避自由,才导致了法西斯主义或极权主义的兴起。如何克服弗洛姆所说的消极自由所带来的孤独感与不安全感,如何捍卫伯林所说的消极自由的领域,是现当代社会给我们的难题。重建小型共同体可能是我们的出路之一。 N2 - In the twentieth century, both Berlin and Fromm developed their own concepts of negative liberty. Berlin's negative freedom refers to the personal sphere of freedom from interference and infringement, while Fromm's negative freedom refers to the modern man's independence from the traditional social relations, but the acquisition of this negative freedom brings people a sense of loneliness and insecurity at the same time. In Berlin's view, the degeneration of positive freedom to become one's own master will lead to the disappearance of the field of negative freedom, while Fromm believes that it is people's attempt to escape from freedom that leads to the rise of fascism or totalitarianism. How to overcome the loneliness and insecurity of what Fromm calls negative freedom, and how to defend the realm of what Berlin calls negative freedom, is the challenge of our contemporary society. The rebuilding of small communities may be one way out. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Graetz Simmonds, Janette T1 - Contemplating spiritual experience: Winnicott's potential space, Tibetan bardo, and liminality JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 4, 2018), pp. 266-273. N2 - In this paper, ways of contemplating and accommodating the unfamiliar, especially the >other< of spiritual experience, are considered. Some concepts from psychoanalysis, such as Winnicott's >potential space< and his notion of >holding,< are helpful in comprehending spiritual experiences that can easily be misunderstood, or >flattened out< to use Bion's phrase. Interesting and rather remarkable confluences in these concepts from psychoanalysis and from Tibetan Buddhism (bardo) and cultural anthropology (liminality) are considered in their functions of both enabling and comprehending these extraordinary and often life-enhancing experiences. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kang, Bingbing T1 - Analysis of Fromm's Theory of Consumption Alienation and Its Enlightenment to Contemporary China [浅析弗洛姆消费异化理论及其对当代中国的启示] JF - The Fortune Times [智富时代], No. 10 (2018), p. 42. N2 - 弗洛姆对消费异化现象进行了深刻的揭示,阐明了消费异化的本质。其消费异化理论对当代中国的发展仍有许多的借鉴意义,一方面,异化消费导致人的超前消费和过度消费,从而加速自然资源、能源的开发使用,这不仅影响着当代人的生活,也严重损害了后代人的利益;另一方面,消费的异化使得人更加重视物质享乐,从而忽视了精神文明建设,不利于人的全面发展,更不利于社会的持续繁荣。因此,研究弗洛姆的消费异化理论对促进我国经济的可持续发展、生态文明建设以及和谐社会的建构有着重要的理论意义与实践价值。 N2 - Fromm reveals the phenomenon of consumption alienation and clarifies the essence of consumption alienation. The theory of consumption alienation still has many references for the development of contemporary China. On the one hand, alienation consumption leads to people's advanced consumption and excessive consumption, thus accelerating the development and use of natural resources and energy, which not only affects the lives of contemporary people, but also Seriously harming the interests of future generations; on the other hand, the alienation of consumption makes people pay more attention to material enjoyment, thus neglecting the construction of spiritual civilization, which is not conducive to the all-round development of people, and is not conducive to the continued prosperity of society. Therefore, the study of Fromm's theory of consumption alienation has important theoretical and practical value for promoting the sustainable development of China's economy, the construction of ecological civilization and the construction of a harmonious society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kavaler-Adler, Susan T1 - The beginning of heartache in character disorders: On the way to relatedness and intimacy through primal affects and symbolization JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 4, 2018), pp. 207-218. N2 - This paper studies the interaction of the clinical theories of two major British theorists, Melanie Klein and Donald Winnicott. Through three clinical examples, we see how the >Klein-Winnicott dialectic< operates in a significantly developmental fashion to advance and fulfill clinical work. Winnicott’s >object survival< is looked at in developmental conjunction with Klein’s >mourning< as a primary clinical and developmental process. This interaction also captures the essence of working with the aggression of a self that has been traumatically disrupted within its early development. This paper demonstrates how such work leads to the assimilation and grieving of primal object loss, evolving into a >developmental mourning process.< This developmental mourning includes the working-through of an >abandonment depression< in the character-disordered patient. A clinical example in a 1989 essay on >psychic pain< by Betty Joseph is used to set up the clinical challenge of going beyond the symptomatic clinging behavior of developmental arrest, into full psychic birth as a separate other, an Other who can relate to an Other. Conclusively, the subjective visceral affect noted and monitored in its clinical dimensions here is that of human >heartache,< which can also include regret. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Keir, Jonathan T1 - From Global Ethic to World Ethos? Building on Hans Küng's Legacy of Basic Trust in Life, Aichtal (Larl Schlecht Stiftung), 2018, 244 pp. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keir, Jonathan T1 - Project Fairness: Erich Fromm and the World Ethos Project JF - J. Keir, From Global Ethic to World Ethos? Building on Hans Küng's Legacy of Basic Trust in Life, Aichtal (Larl Schlecht Stiftung), 2018, pp. 72-77. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leisinger, Klaus M. T1 - The Art oft Leading. The Significance of Personality and Character in the Choice of Business Leaders JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 075-108. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e22/2018e Y1 - 2018 VL - e22/2018e ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lazar, Ross A. T1 - Like a phoenix from the ashes – or >sack cloth and ashesZero Hour<; the form of organization of psychoanalytic institutes in Germany; missing patients and missing candidates; constructive debate and hurting people’s feelings; the lack of >detoxification< and >recycling< of the poisonous remains of psychoanalytic processes; and the future of psychoanalytic institutions in Germany. I end with an example of a typical primary task used in conducting large groups in the institutes in which I worked, and include an anonymized table listing individual interventions, their duration, and frequency. These should provide an idea of my way of working, and an overview of the dimensions of the task. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Yanling T1 - Fromms Enlightenment [弗洛姆的启迪] JF - China Reading News [中华读书报] 2018-10-24. N2 - 上世纪80年代末,我上大学时,校园里正流行弗洛姆。曾在一位同学的手中见过《爱的艺术》,却没有去读的兴致和冲动。对于那时的我来说,>爱情<是个神圣、美好的字眼儿,满脑子都是青梅竹马、一见钟情、英雄救美之类的浪漫遐想,哪儿还需要什么哲学和指南?$$工作不久,我 N2 - In the late 1980s, when I was in college, Fromm was popular on campus. I once saw >The Art of Loving< in the hands of a classmate, but did not read the interest and impulsiveness. For me at that time, >love< is a sacred, beautiful word, full of thoughts, such as childhood, love at first sight, heroes and beauty, and what philosophy and guide are needed? […] [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Yunping T1 - A Psychoanalytical Approach to >Loneliness< – Comparison of >The Tunnel< and >The Heart is a Lonely Hunter< [基于精神分析理论研究>孤独< – 隧道》与《心是孤独的猎手》的比较], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 不管是在心理学还是文学领域,学界对于>孤独<的研究经久不衰。由于人类与生具来的内在矛盾,>孤独<作为一种心理负能量,一直存在在人类精神中,但常常被控制在精神健康的平衡系统中,不被发觉。外在的因素如社会的动荡和历史的剧变会加剧>独孤<,使之成为一种精神危机。作为文学主题,作者在描写>孤独<时通常表现出双重重心:既批判并反思社会现实对人类精神的迫害,又用人文主义关怀和诗意的文学手法来表达>孤独<情感。第二次世界大战前后的20世纪40年代处在动荡飘摇之中,两部以孤独为主题的作品问世:阿根廷作家萨瓦托的《隧道》和美国作家麦卡勒斯的《心是孤独的猎手》。笔者分析这两部作品发现,两部小说的主人公对于孤独的感受有着相似的起因,相似的症状,和相似的徒劳的挣扎和悲惨的结局。这两部作品的可比性在于:首先,虽然二战前后的精神动乱和存在主义的心理危机是导致主人公感到孤独的共同原因,但文学作为特定社会与个人精神世界的结合,必定烙下那个特定历史社会的印记,也体现着作家的文学风格和审美倾向;其次,分析比较两部作品中主人公的孤独的原因,孤独的症状,和孤独的挣扎,能够从精神分析的层面更加全面地理解孤独和对抗孤独。在弗洛姆精神分析的理论框架下,本文将分三个步骤对两部作品进行对比研究:孤独的原因,孤独的症状,和孤独的徒劳挣扎。通过这三点的对比,本文试图对孤独作为一种>心理危机<有更加系统的理解和应对;通过对孤独原因的分析,本文希望把握20世纪40年代全球发生的现实和心理剧变,以及阿根廷和美国各自暴露的社会问题;通过对比两部作品对>孤独<症状的文学表现,分析两位作者的文学风格和审美倾向。 N2 - Loneliness, a psychological disease, an everlasting literature theme, cannot be studied enough. Being a psychological disease, normally kept under control within the balance of mental health, loneliness has its origin in the inherent conflicts since the beginning of human, dramatically complicated and aggravated by some outburst of historical and social event. Being a literature theme never out-of-date in literary history, loneliness has its dichotomous focuses: one end in the criticizing and reflection on riotous age and society, the other end in the poetic and aesthetic depiction of the lonely sentiment with humanistic care. After Two Industrial Revolutions and around the time of the Second World War, the turmoil of 1940 s has seen the birth of two great novels on loneliness: >The Tunnel< and >The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter<. It is not a coincidence that, around this time of change, two novels from different countries should be published centered on the same theme: the whole world has undergone huge historical changes and metaphysical upheavals, which make people feel suppressed, displaced, and desperate. Apart from common reasons, literature, as a product drawn from specific society, bears the marks of typical nationality. The two novels are comparable in that, they both depict >loneliness< as a psychological disease under the influences of global changes and local changes; they both give an aesthetic depiction of >loneliness< with metaphors, symbols, expressionism, escapism and grotesques; they both present futile struggles of their characters’ to get rid of loneliness. Under the framework of Fromm’s Psychoanalytic Theory, this thesis will make a comparison between the two in three steps: the causes of loneliness, the symptoms of loneliness, and the futile struggle against loneliness. In this comparison, this thesis aims, firstly, to get a systematic understanding of >loneliness< as a psychological disease; secondly, to know better about social and metaphysical trends of both countries; lastly, to get better understanding of both novels in their literary expression. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Loh, Jan van T1 - Ich-Orientierung und Entgrenzung: Rainer Funk JF - Loh, J. van, Digitale Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Reihe Komplexe Krisen und Störungen, Stuttgart (Klett Cotty) 2018, pp. 117-123. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lothane, Henri Zvi T1 - Sigmund Freuds widerständiges Erbe—Bernd Nitzschke zum 70. Geburtstag [Freud’s oppositional heirs—Bernd Nitzschke on his 70th birthday]. Psychoanalyse. Texte zur Sozialforschung 19 (2/2015) JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 1, 2018), pp. 070-072. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Johach, Helmut T1 - Begrüßung und Einführung JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 009-012. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018a Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018a ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Johach, Helmut T1 - Technische Selbstoptimierung und Transhumanismus: Utopie oder Dystopie? JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 053-065. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018e Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018e ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Johach, Helmut T1 - Review Markus Pausch: Demokratie als Revolte JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 234-235. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018q Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018q ER - TY - GEN A1 - Johach, Helmut T1 - Leben zwischen Haben und Sein. Interview Johanna Monitzers mit Helmut Johach T2 - Kitzbüheler Anzeiger, 7. Juni 2018. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Chenglong A1 - Li, Xiaodong T1 - On Western Marxism Outlook of Religion [论西方马克思主义的宗教观] JF - Journal of Huaihua University [怀化学院学报], No. 7 (2018), pp. 74-77. N2 - 为了反拨第二国际思想家及斯大林时期哲学教科书体系对马克思主义做出的科学化、实证化、机械化的解读,西方马克思主义强调马克思主义的哲学性质,着力于文化批判。与>正统<马克思主义思想家对宗教做还原式的理解即强调经济基础对宗教的决定性作用不同,西方马克思主义更多地对宗教的相对独立性给予关注即从文化层面考察宗教的属性、特征和功能。 N2 - In order to counter the scientific empirical mechanized interpretation of Marxism made by the Second International Thinkers and Stalin’s philosophy textbook system, Western Marxism emphasizes the philosophical nature of Marxism and focuses on cultural criticism. Unlike the Orthodox Marxist thinkers’ reductive understanding of religion, which emphasizes the decisive role of the economic base on religion, Western Marxism pays more attention to the relative independence of religion, examines the attributes characteristics and functions of religion from the cultural level. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Mengya T1 - An Analysis of the Alienation in Martin Walser's Novel >The Wedding of Philipsburg< [浅析马丁•瓦尔泽长篇小说《菲利普斯堡的婚事》中的异化问题], Master thesis, German Language and Literature, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 马丁•瓦尔泽的小说常以社会批判为主题,长篇小说《菲利普斯堡的婚事》中的人与自身以及他人之间的异化关系则是体现之一。本文结合埃里希•弗洛姆的异化理论对该小说中的异化现象、异化后果以及原因进行分析。在长篇小说《菲利普斯堡的婚事》中,瓦尔泽向我们主要展现了第二次世界大战后的经济奇迹时期,菲利普斯堡这个城市里上流社会的生活。这样的生活表面上看起来光鲜亮丽,实则虚伪龌蹉。几乎人人都为了个人利益而不放过任何获利的机会。人的交换价值被高度重视。参加晚会、一般的社交,乃至婚姻,其功能在很大程度上也在于交换。人们渴望同价值更高的人打交道,以便通过接触找到获利的机会。人与自身及他人的关系皆由利己主义原则为主导。由此建立起来的人与人之间的交往关系便已异化,自然也会产生一个冷漠、异化的病态社会。 N2 - Martin Walser's novels often use social critique as the theme. The alienation between the person and himself and others in the novel >The Wedding of Philipsburg< is one of the manifestations. This paper combines Erich Fromm's theory of alienation to analyze the alienation phenomenon, the consequences of alienation and the causes. In the novel >The Wedding of Philipsburg< Walser shows us mainly the economic miracle after the Second World War, the life of the upper class in the city of Philipsburg. This kind of life looks glamorous on the surface, but it is hypocritical. Almost everyone has not let go of any profit opportunities for personal gain. The exchange value of people is highly valued. Participation in evening parties, general social interactions, and even marriages is largely a function of exchange. People are eager to deal with people of higher value in order to find opportunities for profit through contact. The relationship between man and himself and others is dominated by the principle of self-interest. The relationship between people thus established has been alienated, and naturally a pathetic society of indifference and alienation will also emerge. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Mo T1 - Reflections on the Development of Contemporary Media from the Perspective of Fromm [弗洛姆视角下对当代传媒发展的反思] JF - Youth Journalist [青年记者], No. 24 (2018), pp. 26-27. N2 - 如今>光棍节<成了很多年轻人必过的节日,在这一天,各大购物平台会推出促销活动,很多人在这种宣传噱头吸引下会过度购入东西,传媒技术的发展为何会激发人们过度的物质欲望和需要? 2017年底,鹿晗在新浪微博上宣告自己的恋情后,很多粉丝陷入极端痛苦中,个别粉丝甚至通过自杀行为宣泄自己的情绪,传媒技术的发展为什么会使人们对一个虚幻的对象产生这么强烈的情绪?当下,在地铁和公交上随处 N2 - Nowadays, >Single Day< has become a must-have festival for many young people. On this day, major shopping platforms will launch promotional activities. Many people will over-purchase things under the attraction of this publicity gimmick. Why does the development of media technology provoke people's excessive material desires and needs? At the end of 2017, after Lu Han announced his love on Sina Weibo, many fans fell into extreme pain, and some fans even vent their emotions through suicidal behavior. Why does the development of media technology cause people to have such a strong sentiment towards an illusory object? Nowadays, everywhere on subways and buses […]. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Qiurong A1 - Li, Xinxin T1 - Emotional Code Interpretation of >Nine Lives< under the Horizon of >Four Elements of Love< [>爱四要素说<视阈下《九条命》的情感密码解读] [application of Fromm's thories to art] JF - Young Writer 青年文学家, No. 5 (2018), pp. 130-131, 133 N2 - 2016年9月国内上映的《九条命》是由知名导演巴里•索南菲尔德(Barry Sonnenfeld)执导的一部奇幻喜剧电影,剧中跌宕起伏的故事情节赢得了较好的口碑和票房。弗洛姆的>爱四要素说<,即关心、尊重、责任、了解,这四个方面相互交织、相互关联,这一哲学理论的核心思想在这部电影中体现得淋漓尽致,本文即从这四要素入手,对该电影中的情感密码进行较为详细的解读。 N2 - In September 2016 [9], the domestic release of >Nine Lives< was a fantastic comedy film directed by well-known director Barry Sonnenfeld The story of ups and downs in the drama won a good reputation. Fromm's >four elements of love<, that is, concern, respect, responsibility, understanding, these four aspects are intertwined, interrelated, the core idea of this philosophical theory embodied in this movie most vividly, this article from this Four elements to start, the movie's emotional password for a more detailed interpretation. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Qiuyue T1 - An Analysis of Freud's Cultural Philosophy [弗洛伊德文化哲学思想探析], Master thesis, Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2018. N2 - 本文对弗洛伊德的文化哲学思想的理论缘起和基本内容进行了系统挖掘、梳理和分析,在此基础上,对其影响、意义和限度进行了分析、阐释和评析。本文认为,弗洛伊德的文化哲学思想缘起于达尔文的进化论思想、费尔巴哈的人本主义哲学、莱布尼茨的单子论及赫尔巴特的意识阈理论。其文化哲学思想主要包含两个方面,一是弗洛伊德对人的生存方式的探讨,包括对人的生产消费方式的生本能、死本能理论的阐述,对人的交往方式的人格结构、图腾与禁忌、伦理与道德的分析,对人的思维方式意识结构、宗教及艺术的论证;二是弗洛伊德对人的病态与文化治疗的阐述,包括对文明及其本质的探讨、对人的病态及文化治疗的论述。弗洛伊德的文化哲学思想对西方哲学产生了重要的影响,其中不仅对现代西方哲学的荣格、阿得勒产生了影响,而且对西方马克思主义的弗洛姆、马尔库赛、拉康等人产生了影响。其意义在于拓展了哲学的理论领域,为文化哲学提供了重要的理论资源,为解决当代文化的现实问题提供理论参考。然而,必须看到,弗洛伊德的文化哲学思想夸大了性对人格发展的作用,放大了本能对社会文明的主导作用。 N2 - This paper systematically excavates, combs and analyzes the theoretical origin and basic content of Freud’s cultural philosophy. On the basis of this, it analyzes, interprets and evaluates the influence, significance and limits of Freud’s cultural philosophy. This article argues that Freud’s cultural philosophy originated from Darwin’s theory of evolution, Feuerbach’s humanistic philosophy, Leibniz’s list theory, and Herbart’s consciousness threshold theory. His cultural philosophy mainly includes two aspects. One is Freud discusses the way of human survival, including the formulation of the human instincts and death instinct theory of man’s production and consumption patterns, and the analysis of person’s communication methods of personality structure, Totems and Taboos, ethics and morality, and the argumentation of human thinking patterns, religion and art; the other is Freud explains human morbidity and cultural therapy, including the exploration of civilization and its essence, and the discussion of human morbidity and culture therapy. Freud’s cultural philosophy has an important influence on Western philosophy, not only on Carl Jung and Adler of modern Western philosophy, but also on Fromm, Marxism, and Lacan of Western Marxism. The significance of Freud’s cultural philosophy lies in expanding the theoretical field of philosophy, providing an important theoretical resource for cultural philosophy, and providing theoretical references for solving the practical proble ms of contemporary culture. However, it must be noted that Freud’s cultural philosophy has exaggerated the role of sex in personality development and amplified the leading role of instinct on social civilization. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Xiong T1 - Love in Teacher Education Life – Three-Dimensional Analysis of Cognition, Emotion and Practice [师教育生活中的爱——认知、情感与实践的三维分析]. JF - Teacher [教师], No. 30 (2018), pp. 5-7. N2 - 爱在人们生活中无处不在,在教育中也总是被不断重申和强化,它看不见又摸不着,它看似形而上却充斥在大家的生活世界中。爱常常被理解为一种本能、一种情绪或是一种即时的力量,因其神秘而导致人们产生不可捉摸的幻觉和陷入无能为力的困惑。爱既不是本能,也不仅仅是一种情绪或神秘的力量。弗洛姆认为,爱乃是包罗认知、情感和实践于一体,且需要通过不断训练达到人格整体展现的能力。文章借鉴弗洛姆爱的艺术理论,从认知、情感和实践三个维度层次去分析何为教师教育教学生活中的爱以及教师教育教学生活中教师形成爱的人格的必要性,从而为树立理想教师范型提供参考。 N2 - Love is everywhere in people's lives. It is always re-recognized and strengthened in education. It can't be seen or touched. It seems to be metaphysically filled in everyone's life world. Love is often understood as an instinct, an emotion, or an immediate force. Because of its mystery, it leads to unpredictable hallucinations and confusion. Love is neither an instinct nor a force of emotion or mystery. Fromm believes that love is a combination of cognition, emotion and practice, and it requires continuous training to achieve the overall ability of personality. The article draws on the art theory of Fromm's love, analyzes the three dimensions of cognition, emotion and practice, and analyzes the necessity of teacher's education and teaching life and the necessity of teachers forming love personality in teacher education and teaching life. The ideal teacher paradigm provides a reference. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yang T1 - Women on the Way Towards Freedom – Female Images in Doris Lessing’s Collection >A Man and Two Women< [自由之路上的女性—多丽丝•莱辛《一个男人和两个女人》中的女性形象研究], Master thesis, Foreign Language and Literature, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 多丽丝•莱辛作为一名极富责任感的作家, 非常关注女性生存状态和她们的命运。她的作品中女性形象众多, 本文旨在关注莱辛在她的短篇小说集《一个男人和两个女人》中的五位典型女性形象。尽管身处不同的处境, 她们都有个共通之处, 即不停止对个人身份以及自由的追寻。>十九号房<中的苏珊为了实现她对自由的渴求最终不得已自杀。>弃心记<中的>我<在目睹了车站上遇见的另一个>我<而后放弃了对男性的情感依赖, 伴随着自我意识的觉醒, >我<最终获得了幸福和自由的情感体验。>老妇与猫<中的贝蒂在当局的压迫下不得不过上四处漂流居无定所的生活却也不失自由随性。>屋顶丽人<中的裸体女主人公则勇敢的与父权主导的社会相对抗, 对来自代表父权制思想的三位男子的骚扰视而不见。她的反抗沉默而有力。>吾友茱蒂丝<中的茱蒂丝是一位彻底的自由女性, 她有着自己的思想和主见。不同于传统女性的生活方式, 她尊重自己的想法按照自己内心的意愿生活, 是莱辛笔下自由女性的代表。通过关注这些女性的生存状态和心路历程, 我们可以看到她们在以各自不同的方式演绎着对自由的追求, 她们这种对自由幸福的追求势必会鼓舞众多女性更加独立自由的活着, 为现代社会女性提供一定程度的借鉴。本文旨在通过分析莱辛短篇小说《一个男人和两个女人》中这五位典型女性对自由追求的不同路径结合弗洛姆对积极自由和消极自由的思考探索现代社会中女性获得自由、实现自我独立人格和人生价值的出路。在弗洛姆看来, 消极自由的实现是对摆脱外界束缚和对外力的依赖而获得的情感体验, 这种自由会让人们更容易陷入孤立。与之相对应的积极自由则是建立在消极自由基础上的一种更高层次的自由, 可以促使人们通过自发性的活动来发挥自我潜能。女性可以通过勇敢的爱别人, 从事有意义的工作并主动融入社会来健全自我的人格、全面发展自己从而获得积极自由。她们对积极自由的追求有益于构建起对自我及社会的认知、发展更健全的人格从而实现与社会与他人的和谐。 N2 - Lessing as a responsible novelist concerns for female living conditions and their fate a lot. There are various types of female images in her works. This thesis aims to analyze five typical female images in her anthology >A Man and Two Women<. Though living in different situations, a common feature of these female images is their struggling for individuality and freedom. Susan in >To Room Nineteen< pursues freedom so hard that she ends her life in the end. >I< in >How I Finally Lost My Heart< abandons my habit of relying on males spiritually, finally obtaining sense of happiness and freedom along with my awakening self-consciousness. Betty in >The Old Woman and the Cat< lives an unsettled life under the pressure of the authority but with her independent and free character. The heroine in >The Woman on a Roof< rebels mutedly but powerfully against the challenge from a male-dominated discourse which is represented by three men of different ages. Judith in >Our Friend Judith< is independent and free from head to toe. Having her own ideas, she does not live a life like many other traditional women do. She follows her heart and lives a free life by virtue of her view of life. She is a representative of free women. Through observing these women’s living condition and their psychological state, we can clearly see their process of seeking individuality in various ways. Their pursuit of individuality and freedom could enlighten and inspire modern women in the world to live freer and happier. This thesis aims to explore ways for women to gain freedom, perfect their independent personalities and achieve life value based on Erich Fromm’s ideology of negative and positive freedom by studying female images seeking freedom constantly in a male-dominated society in Lessing’s collection >A Man and Two Women<. The acquirement of negative freedom is through getting rid of outer bondages, but it could make people feel lonelier. Positive freedom is based on the acquirement of negative freedom, which promotes people to develop their potentials through spontaneous activities. Positive freedom is the center of achieving true freedom. Modern women could develop their personalities and further gain positive freedom by loving others, performing creative work and integrating into the society. The pursuit of positive freedom can help women construct their life value and live with others together in harmony. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zhen T1 - An Analysis of the Relationship between Love and Loneliness in Paolo Giordano's Works [浅析保罗•乔尔达诺作品中爱与孤独的关系], Master thesis, European Language and Literature, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 保罗•乔尔达诺作为意大利80后青年作家,他的处女作《质数的孤独》一经出版便轰动了意大利乃至整个欧洲的文学界。他是一个年轻的作家,所以写作手法也别具一格,重于描绘人物的精神世界,在作品中通过自己对生命的感悟来揭示无数人隐藏在内心深处的痛苦,使得读者与之产生共鸣。从第一部作品开始,>爱与孤独<这个永恒的文学主题就贯穿在他的文字之中,也正因这些精细的描写,使得保罗•乔尔达诺备受关注。在面对孤独和爱的同时,保罗•乔尔达诺作品中的人物做出了不同反应和诠释,这些执着的描写深刻表现了当代人生存的普遍心理困境和情感焦虑。然而,结合80、90后的生存现状,将其作品中的>孤独<与>爱<共同作为主题的研究,目前在国内尚为空白。本论文以保罗•乔尔达诺的三部小说《质数的孤独》、《黑与银》、《人体》为主要研究对象,从4个章节循序渐进地探索了青年作家笔下,现代社会中的年轻人在成长过程遇到的孤独问题,以及>孤独<与>爱<之间的关系。成长过程中的孤独体验与情感缺席成为孤独感的精神来源,孤独所存在的形式不尽相同,这是本论文第一章的主要内容,主要通过对保罗•乔尔达诺处女作《质数的孤独》男女主人公的成长经历的梳理,结合心理学的基本概念,分析处在初始阶段孤独的形态。第二章从解决孤独的欲望出发,寻找自我突破带来的结果和影响。第三章及第四章开始从爱入手,结合弗洛姆的作品《爱的艺术》,深入剖析了保罗•乔尔达诺三部作品中各种爱的故事,解读爱存在的起源,形式,意义,影响,通过作者的主观意识和时代变化,总结出爱与孤独两者之间存在的天然转换和共生的关系。 N2 - Paolo Giordano, as a young writer of the post-80s in Italy, published his debut >The Solitude of the Prime Numbers< and published a literary world in Italy and even in Europe. He is a young writer, so his writing technique is unique. He focuses on the spiritual world of the characters. Through his own understanding of life, he reveals the pain of countless people hiding deep inside, which makes the readers resonate with them. From the first work, the eternal literary theme of >love and loneliness< runs through his words, and it is precisely because of these elaborate descriptions that Paul Giordano has received much attention. In the face of loneliness and love, the characters in Paul Giordano's works have made different reactions and interpretations. These persistent descriptions profoundly express the universal psychological dilemma and emotional anxiety of contemporary people's existence. However, combined with the status quo after the 80s and 90s, the study of the theme of >loneness< and >love< in his works is still a blank in China. This thesis is based on Paul Giordano's three novels, >The Solitude of the Prime Numbers<, >Black and Silver<, and >The Human Body<.– From four chapters, I explored young writers in a young and progressive way. The problem of loneliness that people encounter as they grow up, and the relationship between >oneness< and >love<. The loneliness experience and emotional absenteeism in the process of growing up become the spiritual source of loneliness. The form of loneliness is different. This is the main content of the first chapter of this thesis, mainly through the loneliness of Paul Jordano. The combing of the growth experience of the hero and heroine, combined with the basic concepts of psychology, analyzes the form of loneliness in the initial stage.– The second chapter starts from the desire to solve loneliness and seeks the results and effects of self-breakthrough.– The third chapter and the fourth chapter begin with love, combined with Fromm's work >The Art of Loving<, deeply analyzes the stories of various loves in Paul Jordano's three works, and interprets the origin and form of love existence meaning, influence, through the subjective consciousness of the author and the changes of the times, summed up the natural transformation and symbiotic relationship between love and loneliness. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Zhenglin T1 - From >Having< to >Being<: The Shift of Children's Existence Mode in School Education [从>占有<走向>存在<:学校教育中儿童生存方式的转向] JF - Theory and Practice of Education 教育理论与实践, No. 4 (2018), pp. 8-12. N2 - 当前学校教育的功利主义倾向违背了以人为本与全面发展的教育本性,致使儿童面临严重的生存危机。基于弗洛姆关于重>占有<与重>存在<两种生存方式的理论与当前学校教育现状,重>占有<的教育呈现的片面功利化导致儿童物性的扩张而成为理智工具人,重>存在<的教育以儿童生命的自由与理性发展为根本,强调儿童人性的绽放,培育理性自由人。教育应从>占有<走向>存在<:由智能训练转向儿童灵魂的唤醒,将教授>确定性<与发展>可能性<相融合,由传递知识的结果转向探索智慧的原初过程。 N2 - The utilitarian tendency of current school education runs counter to the human-centred and holistic nature of education, resulting in children facing a serious existential crisis. Based on Fromm's theory on the two ways of existence, namely >possession< and >existence<, and the current situation of school education, the one-sided utilitarianism of >possession< education leads to the expansion of children's materiality and turns them into rational instrumentalists, while >existence< education takes the freedom and rational development of children's lives as its foundation, emphasizes the blossoming of children's humanity, and cultivates rational free people. Education should move from >possession< to >being<: from the training of intelligence to the awakening of the child's soul, from the teaching of >certainty< to the development of 潜意识理论<与>性格理论<进行借鉴的基础上,结合马克思的历史唯物主义原理及其异化理论,形成了自己独特的自由思想。弗洛姆重点关注经济、社会制度等因素以外的人的非理性的感情力量,尤其是将人的内心世界这一核心要素作为自己的研究重点。他将人们日益从原始纽带中脱颖而出从而获得力量感和独立性的过程称为>个体化<,认为这是人们自由的开端。在个体化进程自发进行的同时,一些个人或者社会的原因妨碍了自我的增长,这两个趋势间的巨大差异使人产生一种无法忍受的孤立与无能为力感,导致了心理逃避机制的产生。弗洛姆从神经症和健康两个概念出发,利用心理分析的方法对逃避自由的心理机制进行研究。弗洛姆认为逃避自由一共有三种心理机制。第一种是权威主义。即放弃自我的独立,想要与自身之外的某人或某物合为一体,以便获得自己所不具备的力量,或者换句话说,是寻找一个新的纽带来代替已经失去的纽带。第二种是破坏欲。弗洛姆认为破坏欲的强弱似乎与个人生命的成长受阻程度大小成比例。第三种是社会意义上的心理机制,它是现代社会里大多数人所采取的一种方式,即机械趋同。在这种心理机制下,人仿佛变成了一个没有自我的机器人,与周围数百万的机器人没有区别,这样他便再不会感到孤独,也不用再焦虑,类似于动物的保护色。为了克服孤独和无力感,他使自己变成这个世界的一部分,变得与周围的环境相像,变得不再是个体,从此失去了自我。这些心理机制不但没有使人摆脱孤独感,反而使人陷入更深的孤独和不幸中。对于为什么要逃避自由,弗洛姆的基本解释是:自由使人与自然、人与人、人与自我之间越来越疏远和对立,使人成了孤独的个体,失去了安全感。弗洛姆相信人可以做到既自由又不孤独,既保持着独立的自我又与自然、与他人建立起良好的关系,充分实现人的潜能,从而进入到积极自由的状态。弗洛姆认为,只有通过自发性的爱和劳动才能获得积极的自由。因为消极的自由使人感到孤立和无助,他与世界的关系很遥远,而且他认为自己很软弱并且微不足道,他对这个世界充满了恐惧。而自发行为是一种可以克服孤独和恐惧的方法,这种自发行为能使人在保持完整自我的前提下与世界建立良好的关系,使人与人、人与自然、人与自我之间连为一体。弗洛姆为西方马克主义对自由思想的研究开拓了一个新的研究领域,使人们在实现自由这条道路上有了新的认识和新的研究方向,拓宽了对自由问题的理解,创新了问题分析的方法。但弗洛姆的分析更多的注重在个人的心理因素上,这不能不说是有失偏颇的。社会的经济因素和政治因素才是使人逃避自由的第一位原因。正是社会的这些因素才形成了个人孤独的心理,才迫使人不得不逃避消极的自由。弗洛姆在向人们阐述如何建立理想社会的时候,主张用>爱的艺术<,这就使他的观点沦为一个不切实际的空想。弗洛姆通过对逃避自由的心理机制的分析,从追求自由到逃避自由,从逃避自由的原因到解决逃避自由的途径,其理论具有一定的积极意义。但是,弗洛姆的逃避自由是建立在抽象的人性论基础之上的,忽视了自由实现的现实的社会客观条件,自由的实现并不取决于人的意志,而是取决于现实的社会客观条件。 N2 - Fromm lives in an era that is full of conflicts and disasters. The outbreak of World War I and World War II, the economic crisis in the capitalist world and the rise of Fascism constituted the historical background of his thought of freedom. After learning from Freud’s subconsciousness theory and character theory and combining Marx’s theory of historical materialism with his alienation theory, Fromm formed his unique thought of freedom. Fromm focuses on the irrational emotional power of people rather than economic and social systems. In particular, the human’s inner world is the key point of his research. Fromm called the process that people increasingly stand out from original bond to gain strength and independence the >individualization< which, in his opinion, is the beginning of freedom. While the individualization process is proceeding spontaneously, some individuals or social reasons hinder the growth of ego. The huge differences between these two trends make people have an unbearable sense of isolation and powerlessness and generate the emergence of psychological evasion mechanisms. Fromm started from neurosis and health these two concepts, and used psychological analysis methods to study the psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom. Fromm believed that escape from freedom has three psychological mechanisms. The first one is Authoritarianism. It means give up the independence of ego and wants to be integrated with someone or something outside of oneself, so as to gain the strength that you do not have. In other words, it is to find a new bond to replace the lost bond. The second one is Destructiveness. Fromm believes that the strength of destructive desire seems to be proportional to the degree of obstruction to the growth of personal life. It is a way adopted by most people in modern society, that is, mechanical convergence. Under this psychological mechanism, people seem to become a self-free robot that is not different from the millions of robots around him, so that he will never feel lonely and no more anxiety, similar to the animal’s color protection. To overcome loneliness and powerlessness, he turned himself into a part of the world, became like the surrounding environment, became no longer an individual, and lost himself from then on. These psychological mechanisms not only did not enable people to get rid of loneliness, but also led people to fall into deeper loneliness and misfortune. As for the reason of escaping from Freedom, Fromm explained that freedom increasingly alienates the human from nature, human and ego, making people lonely individuals and lose the sense of security. Fromm’s escape of freedom refers to the state escaping from negative freedom. Fromm believes that man can be free without feeling lonely, maintain an independent ego, establish a good relationship with nature and others, fully realize the potential of human beings, and thus enter this state of positive freedom. Fromm believed that only through spontaneous love and working, can people gain positive freedom. Because negative freedom makes people feel isolated and helpless, he has a distant relationship with the world and thinks that he is weak and insignificant. What’s worse, he is afraid of the world. While spontaneous action is a way overcoming loneliness and fear. This kind of action enables a person to establish a good relationship with the world under the premise maintaining a complete ego and connect people with people, nature, and ego. Fromm opened up a new research field for Western Marxism’s study on liberalism, and enabled people to have a new understanding and new research direction in the way of realizing of freedom. The research direction has broadened the understanding of freedom issues and innovated methods for problem analysis. However, Fromm’s analysis paid more attention to individual psychological factors, which is biased. The economic and political factors of society are the first reason why people escape freedom. It is these social factors that form the mentality of individual loneliness and force people to avoid negative freedom. When Fromm explained how to build an ideal society to people, he proposed to use the >art of love<, which made his opinion an unrealistic fantasy. Through the analysis of the psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom, Fromm explained that pursuing freedom to escaping freedom, the reason and the solution of escaping from freedom, his theory has a certain positive significance. But Fromm’s escape from freedom is based on the abstract theory of human nature, ignoring the social and objective conditions of the realities freely realized. The realization of freedom does not depend on the will of people, but on the realistic social objective conditions. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liang, Yuchun T1 - From >Total Poverty< to >One-Dimensional Man< – The Humanistic Turn of Western Marxist Social Critical Theory [从>全面贫困化<到>单向度的人< — 西方马克思主义社会批判理论的人本主义转向] JF - Expanding Horizons 新视野, No. 2 (2018), pp. 102-107. N2 - 上世纪中叶,西方马克思主义的社会批判理论曾发生人本主义转向。该转向在第二国际中就已有伏笔,随着人本主义的西方马克思主义出现而完成:考茨基的>全面贫困化<理论从精神角度提出了无产阶级成熟问题,这成为卢卡奇等人论述>阶级意识<问题的有益资源;梅洛-庞蒂、列斐伏尔、弗洛姆等人进而将>阶级意识<具体为社会性格或个人精神等因素,指出阶级对立已被现代社会整体对人的奴役所掩盖,必须通过对整个现代社会异化的批判来重构>总体的人<,构建>健全社会<;马尔库塞进而指出,高度同一的国家与社会直接导致了阶级斗争的>消失<,>单向度的人<即便发觉自己被管理的现实也找不到抗争对象,于是斗争的方法便只剩下>大拒绝<。 N2 - In the middle of the last century, the social critical theory of Western Marxism had a humanistic turn. This turn has been foreshadowed in the Second International and has been completed with the emergence of humanistic Western Marxism: Kautsky's theory of >all-round impoverishment< raised the issue of proletarian maturity from a spiritual perspective, which became Lukács's Others discussed the beneficial resources of the >class consciousness< problem; Merleau-Ponty, Lefebvre, Fromm and others went on to classify the >class consciousness< as factors such as social personality or personal spirit, pointing out that class opposition has been modernized. The whole society is overshadowed by man's enslavement. It is necessary to reconstruct the >overall man< and build >a sound society< by criticizing the alienation of the entire modern society. Marcuse further pointed out that the highly identical state and society directly leads to the class. The >disappearance< of the struggle, the >one-dimensional person< could not find the object of struggle even if he realized that he was being managed, and the method of struggle was only >great rejection.< [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Jindong T1 - Comparative Analysis on Marx and Fromm’s Theory of Alienation [马克思和弗洛姆关于人的异化理论的比较探析] JF - Journal of Harbin University [哈尔滨学院学报], No. 6 (2018), pp. 10-16. N2 - 人学思想是马克思学说体系中不可分割的部分,可谓贯穿始终,其所展示出的关怀人类现实与前途的广阔理论图景蕴含着丰富的内容。弗洛姆不断地发展和纠正弗洛伊德的精神分析学说,同时汲取马克思主义哲学中的科学合理因素,将二者相结合从新的角度展开对人性的关怀和对社会的批判。马克思著作中异化是在哲学、经济学的范畴中讨论的,而弗洛姆从>总体异化<>全面异化<的视角来阐述,并且关注人的异化的微观心理机制,提出>社会性格<>社会无意识<>社会自恋<等概念,可谓是对马克思主义哲学的重新阐释,丰富了马克思主义的研究视角,同时也有其自身的创造性的思想价值与缺陷之处。 N2 - Humanology is an inseparable part of Marxism theory system, where the rich content is contained concerning human reality and prospect. Fromm, developing and correcting Freud’s pyscholanalysis, takes the reasonable parts of Marxism philosophy. By combining the two theories, he gives criticism on human concern and society from new perspectives. Alienation in Marxist works is discussed from the scope of philosophy and economy while Fromm does it from the angle of >general alienation< and >overall alienation<. He shows more concern to the micro psycho-mechanism of man’s alienation, based on which he proposes the idea of >social personality<, >social unconsciousness< and >social narcissism<. This new interpretation provides a new perspective to Marxism research. There are creative values and limitations as well. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Lu T1 - The Mythological Archetype of Harry Potter [《哈利波特》的神话原型分析], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Kashgar University, Kashgar, Xinjiang, China [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 提到J.K.罗琳,我们必然会想到她的代表作《哈利波特》,这一系列小说推出后,几乎全世界为之疯狂。作为一个集合多种文化元素,又将传统与现代、幻想与现实集于一身的小说,它成功的吸引了文学界的眼球。随着《哈利波特》被翻译成多种语言畅销全球的同时,关于小说创作的研究也日趋升温。但是,无论从纵向还是横向的发展来看,以往对《哈利波特》系列小说的研究都存在着某些不足之处。罗琳将神话原型巧妙地融入到了小说的创作中,使得传统文化与现代文化的置换变形更加和谐,文化精神与现实反思的表达也更加深刻。但是,对原型所体现的传统与现代间的关系,及作者创作小说的用意等等问题,还有待于进行更加仔细全面的探讨。原型理论欲为整个文学批评寻找一种共同模式,借此观点,使得《哈利波特》系列小说的研究受到了一定的启发。本文以原型批评的视角考察整个《哈利波特》系列小说,意在以前人的研究为基础,从全新的角度对其进行宏观与微观并置的研究。文学创作与人的潜意识、文化根源、民族精神等因素有着密切的联系。原型理论也为我们深入探究《哈利波特》系列小说的创作用意和各种因素间的联系提供了更全面的研究方法与理论依据。本文立足于荣格与弗莱的神话原型批评理论,运用文本细读的方法,全面梳理出罗琳小说中出现的神话原型,同时借助弗洛姆等人的心理学和伦理学理论,还原出神话原型在小说中的内涵,从而进一步了解罗琳的创作意图。全文共分为三章:第一章是对原型理论的发展进行概述。通过对占据原型理论发展道路转折点的三位关键性人物的思想进行分析,进一步探索文学作品与古老神话之间的联系。在充分理解文学本质的前提下,确定对《哈利波特》系列小说原型研究的可行性。第二章是对《哈利波特》中的神话原型进行分析。通过对小说中具体原型的发现、归纳、还原、整合,对整个小说系列中频繁显现的人物原型、意象原型、叙事结构原型进行深入的挖掘与理解。基于这三类原型的解读,进一步体现罗琳的创作思路及小说真正的本质。第三章是解答作者将原型运用到小说中的真实用意。以充分研究小说中体现的原型为前提,细致深入的挖掘罗琳利用原型进行创作的意图,表达了罗琳期望通过文化寻根来救赎迷失在物质大潮中的人们。并借助恢复优秀文化传统,突显社会的正向发展离不开人性的正向发展。通过对《哈利波特》系列小说神话原型的分析,引起人们对人性异化的思考,揭示了现代资本主义社会对人类精神上的残害,呼吁恢复优秀的文化传统,传递通过理性与爱来拯救异化的理念。 N2 - When it comes to J. K. Rowling, we are bound to think of her masterpiece Harry Potter. After the series was launched, almost all the world went crazy. As a novel, it has collect various cultural elements and combining tradition with modernity, fantasy and reality. It has successfully attracted the attention of the literary world. As Harry Potter has translated into many languages and sold worldwide, the research on the creation of novels has been heating up. However, in both vertical and horizontal development, there are some deficiencies in the previous research on the novels. Rowling has skillfully integrated the mythological archetype into the creation of the novel, which makes the displacement distortion of traditional culture and modern culture more harmonious, and the expression of cultural spirit and reflection of reality is more profound. However, the relationship between tradition and modernity embodied in the prototype, and the author’s intention to create the novel are still to be discussed in more detail. The archetypal theory seeks a common mode for literary criticism, which makes a certain inspiration of the study of the Harry Potter. In this paper, the author looks at the whole series of Harry Potter, which is based on the research of previous people, and makes a new study of macro and microstructure with a new Angle. Literary creation closely related to people’s subconscious, cultural roots and national spirit. The prototype theory also provides a more comprehensive research method and theoretical basis for us to probe into the meaning of the creation of the Harry Potter and the connection between various factors. Based on the archetypal criticism of Jung and Frye, this paper analyzes the mythological archetype of Harry Potter by using the method of text reading to further understand Rowling’s creative intention. The full text is divided into three chapters: The first chapter is an overview of the development of prototype theory. By analyzing the thoughts of three key figures occupying the turning point of the prototype theory, we further explore the connection between literature works and ancient myths. With the aid of Fromm and other psychologists and ethicists, we analyze the mythological archetype in the connotation of the novel. On the premise of fully understanding the essence of literature, the feasibility of the prototype study of the Harry Potter is determined.– The second chapter is the analysis of the mythological prototype in Harry Potter. Through the discovery, induction, reduction and integration of specific archetypes in the novel, this paper deeply explores the archetype, image archetype and narrative structure in the whole series of novels. Based on these three types of archetypes, the author further embodies Rowling’s creative thinking and the true nature of the novel.– Chapter three is to answer the author’s real intention of applying the prototype to the novel. In order to fully study the archetype of the novel, this paper carefully explores the intention of Rowling to make use of the prototype. Expressed Rowling’s desire to find roots through culture to redeem people that lost in the material tide. With the help of restoring excellent cultural tradition, the importance of human nature to the modern society is highlighted. Based on the mythological archetype of the Harry Potter, the author thinks about the alienation of human nature, and reveals the modern capitalist society on human mental cruelty, calling for the restoration of the outstanding cultural tradition, passed through the love and the reason to save the concept of alienation. It reveals the damage of modern capitalist society to human spirit, calls for the restoration of excellent cultural tradition, and the idea of saving alienation through reason and love. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Lulu T1 - The Image of Soldiers from the Perspective of Fromm's Theory of Alienation – Based on the Analysis of >All Quiet on the Western Front< [弗洛姆的异化理论视角下士兵形象——基于《西线无战事》分析] [application of Fromm's theories to art]. JF - Youth Literator [青年文学家], No. 35 (2018), pp. 132-133. N2 - 《西线无战事》是由德国作家埃里希•玛利亚•雷马克创作的战争题材小说。小说主要讲述了以保罗•博伊默尔为代表的德国士兵,在严酷的战争中出现种种异化的现象,并且对战争的意义产生了质疑。本文从弗洛姆的观点分析《西线无战事》异化的士兵形象,主要从三部分论述异化的士兵形象。首先,从外在环境的角度论述士兵异化的起因;其次,从内在精神的角度展现士兵异化过程;最后,士兵是>边缘人<异化结果。 N2 - >All Quiet on the Western Front< is a war-themed novel written by the German writer Erich Maria Remarque. The novel mainly tells about the German soldiers represented by Paul Bäumer, which has been alienated in the harsh war and questioned the significance of the war. This article analyzes the image of the alienated soldiers in >All Quiet on the Western Front< from Fromm's point of view, mainly discussing the image of alienated soldiers from three parts. Firstly, the causes of soldier alienation are discussed from the perspective of external environment. Secondly, the alienation process of soldiers is revealed from the perspective of internal spirit. Finally, soldiers are the result of alienation of >marginal people<. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hu, Jiulong T1 - Alienation of Emilia's Image Interpretation of >The Ballade of the Sad Café< Based on Fromm's Theory of Alienation [艾米莉亚形象的异化研究 – 基于弗洛姆异化理论视角解读《伤心咖啡馆之歌》], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 卡森•麦卡勒斯是二十世纪美国最有名的作家之一,二十三岁即享誉纽约文坛。凭着婉转的风格和细腻入微的人物心理描写,她被誉为>南方文艺复兴第二代作家的杰出代表之一<。其作品中流露出真切悲怆之情,在美国文坛上也别具风格。她擅长描写孤独、孤立和疏离等主题,被众多评论家称为>孤独的猎手<。《伤心咖啡馆之歌》不仅是她的名作之一,也是美国南方文学发展过程中一部具有划时代意义的作品。该部小说以一个传统的南方小镇为背景,围绕一段畸形的三角恋情和冲突而展开,讲述一个凄美诡异的爱情故事。小说勾勒诸多生动鲜明,惟妙惟肖的人物形象,在主人公艾米莉亚的形象刻画和内心描写方面独树一帜。该书一经出版,受到众多国外学者和评论家的密切关注,研究主要从精神结构、叙事策略和性别越界等视角展开。相对于国外,国内对卡森•麦卡勒斯和她的作品研究起步较晚,按时间顺序分为引入阶段、翻译阶段、先期解读阶段和深入研究阶段。但迄今为止,主人公艾米莉亚形象的异化尚未得到系统和深入研究。本文运用文本细读与社会历史研究相结合的方法,尝试借助埃里希•弗洛姆的人本主义异化观,解读艾米莉亚形象异化的表现,然后探求其形象异化的外在和内在原因,最后指出其悲剧的根源在于其性格的缺陷,这一内在因素起决定性作用。全文由五章构成。引言概述了卡森•麦卡勒斯的生平和主要作品,回顾国内外对《伤心咖啡馆之歌》的研究状况,并提出本论文的研究视角与意义。第二章从词源上介绍异化的定义和发展,回顾埃里希•弗洛姆的理论成就,并重点阐述其人本主义异化观的主要内容。弗洛姆认识到现代人的生存危机和异化现象,提出不同类型的人格、生存方式和话语,并指出异化会导致大众和社会情感的消失,呼吁人类通过增强自我认同感,奉献自我成熟的爱,积极参与创造性活动,来改变生存处境。其人本主义异化观点具体涵盖了人的自我异化、与他人的异化和与自然的异化。第三章结合弗洛姆人本主义异化观,集中探讨艾米莉亚形象异化的表现。首先是自我异化。在人格方面,她从创造型指向转化为接受型指向,从开朗走向封闭;在生存方式方面,她从存在型转移到占有型,从安然自得演变为万念俱灭;在言语方面,她进入了无名权威的运行机制,从侃侃而谈蜕变为沉默不语。接着解读她与社会的异化:作为一个异化家庭的局外人,她与表哥保持着疏远、强势对待仆人且精于算计邻居。论文进一步分析她与自然的异化:在自然突变对生存造成严重威胁时,她将个人的利益凌驾于自然之上,对自然进行恶性破坏,引发众人盲从,使自己不仅成为荒芜小镇的孤独幸存者,还沦落为凋零咖啡馆的被遗弃者。第四章剖析艾米利亚形象异化的原因。畸形文明社会下的物欲横流、人际关系的冷漠、传统道德的沦丧是促使其走向异化的外在原因;而她的冷漠、崇尚暴力和懦弱的性格缺陷加剧了她自身的情感异化,是其必然走向失败和孤独的内在原因。第五章结论表明:通过运用弗洛姆人本主义异化观来解读《伤心咖啡馆之歌》,不仅揭示出卡森•麦卡勒斯对普通个人命运的思考和精神世界的关注,更彰显了对人与自然和谐相生关系的无比向往。虽然弗洛姆认为异化是资本主义社会发展过程中不可避免的,但是艾米莉亚与他人疏离,自我个性的丧失,在一定程度上加剧了其形象异化的进程。人们需要在增加自我认同感、构建良好人际关系、实现人与自然和谐共存的基础之上,来远离异化,摆脱现代文明对人性的压抑和束缚,回归自然的本真,追寻生命应有的意义。 N2 - Carson McCullers is one of the most prestigious American writers in the 20th century, who wins a great reputation in the literary world of New York merely at the age of twenty-three. With many melodious styles and exquisite psychological description of characters, she is known as one representative of the second generation writers whose works reveal a genuine pathos, different from other writers during Southern Renaissance. Honored as a lonely hunter by many critics, she is talented in describing those themes such as loneliness, isolation and alienation. >The Ballade of the Sad Café< is one of her masterpieces, which is also one of immortal works in the history of Southern American Literature. By developing a deformed triangle of love, the author tells a sad story in a traditional southern town and outlines a great number of vivid characters with an original technique, in particular Amelia. As soon as the novel is published, it has caused a sensation in the United States and Western Europe. So far, many critics abroad have studied this novel from various perspectives, for instance, spiritual structure, narrative strategy, gender crossing, etc. Compared with studies abroad, the study of Carson McCullers as well as her works at home starts relatively late. The study at home can be roughly divided into the following four stages, namely, the introduction stage, the translation phase, the preliminary and in-depth interpretation stage. Yet up to now, there has been no systematic study on the alienation of Amelia’s image and only a few related statements are found. Based on close reading of the novel and the method of combining social history research, this thesis attempts to analyze the reflection of the alienation of Amelia’s image in the novel from the perspective of Fromm’s view of alienation of Humanism, namely, she is alienated from herself, from society and from nature. In this way, readers can expound the external and internal causes for the alienation of Amelia’s image, in which her flawed character is the root of her tragedy. This thesis consists of five chapters. The introduction summarizes Carson McCullers and >The Ballad of the Sad Café<, as well as the literature review on this novel. By reviewing the present condition, it expounds the perspective and significance of the study.– Chapter two introduces the definition and development of alienation from the etymology at the beginning. Then it looks back on Erich Fromm’s theoretical achievements and elaborates main content of his humanistic alienation. Fromm realizes the issue of alienation of human and points out different types of character, lifestyle and utterance. Based on this view, he insists that the alienation results in the loss of those general and social bonds and he calls for that human beings ought to change the situation of survival by increasing their sense of self-identity, dedicating themselves to mature love and participating in creative activities. His theory covers self-alienation, the alienation between oneself and society, and the alienation between oneself and nature.– Chapter three applies Fromm’s theory to make analyze the alienation of Amelia’s image. First, it mainly discusses Amelia’s self-alienation. From the perspective of character, Amelia’s character varies from >the exploitative orientation< to the >the receptive orientation<, and it makes her turn into insane from previous optimism and openness. In the terms of lifestyle, Amelia’s lifestyle varies from >having mode< to >being mode<, and she comes to be despaired from antecedent self-sufficiency; in terms of utterance, Amelia’s utterance operates into a mechanism named anonymous authority, which makes her transform into a special silent from a conversationalist earlier. Second, it is about Amelia’s alienation from society. As an outsider of a deformed family, she keeps distant with Lymon, treats her servant and neighbor cruelly and shrewdly. Third, it analyzes the alienation between Amelia and nature. When the natural catastrophes poses a serious threat to Amelia’s survival, she puts her personal interests above nature and attempts to make malignant destructiveness toward nature in a crazy way, which leads to the fact that other people around her follow her blindly all the time. As a result, Amelia has become a lonely survivor in the small town as well as a tragic outcast in a desolate café.– Chapter four probes reasons for the alienation of Amelia’s image. The materialism, the coldness of human relationship and the social moral degradation caused by the distortion of modern civilization are the external causes for Amelia’s alienation. Besides, Amelia’s flawed character, such as her indifference, pursuit of violence, as well as vacillation and limpness is the internal causes for Amelia’s alienation. Chapter is the conclusion, which points out that it is very valuable to carry out the research of interpreting >The Ballad of the Sad Café<, as it not only reflects Carson McCullers’ deliberated thoughts on the fate of ordinary individual and the attention of the spiritual world, but it also manifests her persistent yearning for the harmonious relationship between man and nature. The alienation is inevitable in the course of the development of capitalist society according to Fromm, while Amelia’s personal character and the loss of her own personality, which to a certain degree, can pick up the process of the alienation of her image. People are able to keep away from alienation and get rid of the restraint of modern civilization on the basis of increasing self-identity, building up good relationship and actualize harmony between man and nature. Only in this way can human return to the true state of human nature and search for the real meaning of life. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Jaowei T1 - Escape from Freedom: From Escape to Pursuit [逃避自由:从逃避到追寻] JF - The Fortune Times [智富时代], No. 8 (2018), p. 181. N2 - 自由,是自古以来都一直备受关注。从近代以来,自由问题一度成为讨论热点。那么,自由是什么?在我们的认知中,自由一直都是本人们所追求的,但是弗洛姆却提出了>逃避自由<,这似乎存有疑问。事实上,《逃避自由》所显现出来的现代人不断从寻求自由到逃避自由,再由逃避消极自由到追寻积极的自由这条路径上奔跑。至于如何逃避自由、其机制何如他都深刻分析了。然而,在逃避自由后,人们会否产生生存的困惑,又是否会重新开始寻求自由?如果追寻,那么,其路径又是怎样的呢?这是本文亟待解决的问题所在。 N2 - Freedom has been a matter of concern since ancient times. Since modern times, the issue of freedom has been a hot topic of discussion. So, what is freedom? In our minds, freedom has always been something that we have always sought, but Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< seems to be questionable. In fact, >Escape from Freedom< shows that modern people are running from seeking freedom to escaping from freedom, and from escaping from negative freedom to pursuing positive freedom. He has analyzed in depth how to escape from freedom and what the mechanism is. However, after escaping from freedom, will there be confusion about survival and will people start to seek freedom again? If they do, what is the path of their quest? This is the question that this paper needs to address. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huang, Xiaomei T1 - The Alienation of Afrikaners in >Disgrace< [《耻》中南非白人的异化困境], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Sichuan International Studies University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 约翰•马克斯韦尔•库切是当代南非作家中最为杰出且最具影响力的领军人物。他于2003获得诺贝尔文学奖,在全球范围内享有盛誉。其代表作《耻》描写了后隔离时期发生在黑人和白人之间的故事。本文结合弗洛姆的异化理论阐述南非穷苦白人的异化主题,主要从社会的异化、人际关系的异化、还有自我异化这三个方面来重新审视后殖民历史,和探讨南非白人在当时的生存困境。论文首先分析了小说中社会的异化,它反映了社会本身的黑暗。关注南非的病态性,和社会空间的分化,从这两方面来说明当时外部环境对南非白人的影响;然后是人际关系的异化现象,这主要体现在四个方面:一是家庭关系的异化,二是男女关系的异化,三是黑人和白人的异化,最后是人与朋友同事的异化,以此说明南非白人的归属感的缺乏,以及与疏离感的产生;最后一章是有关自我异化,通过对戴维和露西为代表的白人后裔的自我异化的分析揭示悲剧性结局以及穷苦白人的无奈和绝望。书中人物,露西可以被看作历史的替罪羊,她的命运表现出一种无奈的妥协,而戴维最后只能以>耻<为生,小说最后留下的只是一种彻底的失望和一声无奈的叹息。 N2 - John Maxwell Coetzee ranks among the most prominent and influential writers in contemporary South Africa. Disgrace depicts the postcolonial story between the white and the native in post-apartheid Africa. This novel renders him great reputation around the global. This thesis articulates the alienation of Afrikaners’ life through social alienation and interpersonal alienation as well as self-alienation from the perspective of Erich Fromm’s alienation theory, with the aim of rethinking of the postcolonial history and focusing on the living predicaments of Afrikaners in post-apartheid time. The thesis primarily explores the social alienation in >Disgrace<, which reflects the relationship between man and society is alienated. It illustrates the social alienation from two aspects: the sickness of South Africa, and the aftermath of social transformation, hence it reveals that the lives of characters are largely affected by the social environment. Subsequently, the thesis proceeds to the interpersonal alienation while the Afrikaners are confronted with four different relations: lack of conversation between father and daughter, distorted love between man and woman and alienation between white and black, as well as Afrikaners are outsiders in community, with the purport of revealing that Afrikaners are estranged and they are not accepted both by the English white people and the native black. Eventually, the thesis focuses on the self-alienation, which is exemplified through the process of two main characters’ self-alienation: David’s disgrace driven by desire and Lucy’s conformity and helplessness. Thus, Afrikaners are falling prey to the alienation and they are reduced to >homeless< people in the South Africa. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Zhaoqiong T1 - Three Approaches to Critique of Western Marxist Consumer Politics 西方马克思主义消费政治批判的三种路径 JF - Academic Journal of Jingchu 荆楚学刊 (2018). N2 - 20世纪中期>消费社会<出现,西方马克思主义理论家马尔库塞、霍克海默、阿多诺、弗洛姆、莱斯、本.阿格尔、髙兹、列婓伏尔、德波、鲍德里亚等人,最先察觉到这一变化,他们分别从自身理论立场出发,开启了对消费社会的批判,消费政治思想虽隐而不显却贯穿始终。具体来说,他们主要从文化工业、生态主义和符号政治经济学三个维度展开了对消费政治的论述,形成了一套各具特色的消费政治批判话语体系。 N2 - In the middle of the 20th century, >consumer society< appeared. The Marxist theorists Marcuse, Horkheimer, Adorno, Fromm, Les, Ben Agger, Paz, Lennon People such as De Beer, Baudrillard, and others first noticed this change. They started from their own theoretical standpoints and started to criticize the consumer society. Consumer political thoughts have been hidden but not obvious but have always been through. Specifically, they started the discussion of consumer politics mainly from the three dimensions of cultural industry, ecologism, and symbolic political economics, and formed a set of distinctive discourse systems for consumer politics. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meng, Qingyuan T1 - A Study on Erich Fromm’s Theory of Structure — A Comparative Study of Productive and Non-productive Character Structure 论弗洛姆性格结构理论—以生产型性格与非生产型性格结构比较研究为示阈 JF - Journal of Hubei Correspondence University 湖北函授大学学报, No. 2 (2018), pp. 91-93. N2 - 弗洛姆继承并发扬了弗洛伊德精神分析学说,其中对性格结构理论提出了不一样的看法。他认为性格不是指某种具体的性格特征,而是指由一系列性格特征组成的性格结构,其中一些性格具有共同的倾向,性格可以区分为个人性格和社会性格,并将社会性格分为生产型性格和非生产型性格。他将接受取向、剥削取向、囤积取向、和市场取向这四种取向定义为非生产型性格。 N2 - Fromm inherited and carried forward Freud’s psychoanalysis and he puts forward a different view of the Personality Structure theory. He thought that character was not a specific trait of character but a character structure consisting of a series of character traits, and some of these characters had a common tendency. He divided the character into personal character and social character, and divided the social character into the productive and non-productive social character. Fromm defined four orientations as non-productive character: the reception orientation, the exploitation orientation, the hoarding orientation, and the marketing orientation. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Minchev, Plamen T1 - Ideyata za sotsialniya harakter v mezhdukulturen kontekst (The idea of social character in intercultural context), Sofia University 2018, 255 pp. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mo, Jaoling T1 - A Brief Discussion on Fromm’s Alienation and Love [刍议弗洛姆的异化与爱] JF - The Science Education Article Collects (First Issue) [科教文汇(上旬刊)], No. 6 (2018), pp. 176-177, 186. N2 - 弗洛姆是法兰克福学派的主要成员,作为一名心理学家以及社会批判家,他对资本主义社会的异化现象进行鞭辟入里的分析和阐述。在弗洛姆看来,要拯救现代资本主义社会,解决人的异化问题,人与人之间的>爱<是一种救赎的良方。 N2 - Fromm is a major member of Frankfurt School. As a psychological and social critic, he has analyzed and elaborated the alienation of capitalist society. In Fromm’s view, to save the modern capitalist society and solve the problem of human alienation the >love< between people is a recipe for salvation. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maniadakis, Grigoris T1 - Editorial: Fresh Glimpses of the Patient T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 3, 2018), pp. 133-134. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maurer, Alfons T1 - Einsatz von digitaler Technik in der Pflege – Unterstützung oder Entfremdung? JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 035-051. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018d Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018d ER - TY - JOUR A1 - McLaughlin, Neil T1 - The Two Jacobys: Contradiction, Ironies and Challenges in New Left Critical Social Psychology after Jordan Peterson JF - Free Associations: Psychoanalysis and Culture, Media, Groups, Politics, No. 72 (June 2018). - http://www.freeassociations.org.uk/ Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mei, Hua T1 - On the Importance of Kindergarten Love Education [浅谈幼儿园爱心教育的重要性] JF - 2018 >Education and Teaching Innovation Research< Summit Forum 2018年>教育教学创新研究<高峰论坛, March 17, 2018, Beijing, China, in >Education and Teaching Innovation Research< Summit Proceedings 2018年>教育教学创新研究<高峰论坛论文集, pp. 511-512. N2 - 人类的爱有多种表现形式,如亲情的爱、教育的爱、尊敬的爱等。而爱心是包含于爱里面的一种情感和能力。弗洛姆认为爱是一门艺术,爱是需要学习的。幼儿爱心的培养首先是从家庭开始的,幼儿园也是爱心教育的重要场所。当前幼儿园的爱心教育进行得怎么样呢?幼儿园重视爱心教育吗?在幼儿园中又要怎样进行爱心教育,才能让幼儿感受到爱,学会爱,具备爱的能力呢? N2 - Human beings have many manifestations of love, such as affectionate love, educational love, respectful love, and so on. And love is an emotion and ability that is contained in love. Fromm thinks love is an art and love needs to learn. The cultivation of young children's love starts from the family. Kindergarten is also an important place for loving education. How is love education in kindergartens at present? Kindergarten values love education? How do you conduct love education in kindergartens so that children can feel love, love, and love? [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peglau, Andreas T1 - Mythos Todestrieb - Über einen Irrweg der Psychoanalyse JF - Psychotherapie im Diakog, Stuttgart, Vol. 19 (2018), pp. 36-41. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peglau, Andreas T1 - Wider den Gehorsam! Der >autoritäre Charakter< ist wieder modern, in: Rubikon (9. Mai 2018) - https://www.rubikon.news/artikel/wider-den-gehorsam Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pinkas, Ronen T1 - Reflections on Erich Fromm’s Position on Religion in Light of Hermann Cohen JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 126-142. N2 - This paper presents Fromm’s (1900–1980) ap-proach to religion and religiosity, in light of Hermann Cohen (1842–1918) thought. Despite differences in their thought, Cohen and Fromm share some things in common. Their critique of culture is based on a unique definition of das Individuum, the human condition. They demon-strate a cautious approach to modernity and progress. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e22/2018g Y1 - 2018 VL - e22/2018g ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pinkas, Ronen T1 - Correlation and Orientation: Erich Fromm’s Position on Religion in Light oft Hermann Cohen and Franz Rosenzweig JF - DAAT - A Journal of Jewish Philosophy and Kabbalah, Vol. 85 (2018), pp. vii-xxxv. N2 - This paper presents Fromm’s (1900–1980) ap-proach to religion and religiosity, in light of Hermann Cohen (1842–1918) thought. Despite differences in their thought, Cohen and Fromm share some things in common. Their critique of culture is based on a unique definition of das Individuum, the human condition. They demon-strate a cautious approach to modernity and progress. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Profis, Sergey T1 - Intimacy in psychotherapy: From >white noise< to meaningful communication JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 4, 2018), pp. 219-228. N2 - This paper examines how clinicians can arrive at effective therapeutic action by means other than spoken language. The paper presents a view that resonating affective states promote intimacy in the therapeutic encounter and is in fact a vital part of the curative process of psychotherapy. This emotional interchange supplements traditional notions of insight by adding an aspect of an >embodied self< who knows. A clinical case that demonstrates this view is presented and discussed. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mori, Sachiko T1 - Memories of sexual abuse previously shrouded in darkness: Intersubjective exchanges involving joint attention JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 3, 2018), pp. 166-175. N2 - I examined a better therapeutic approach for addressing the heart-rending emotional state of a client exposed to serious traumatic experiences during early childhood without experiencing affect attunement from surrounding adults. The clinical case describes a woman in her early 20s who had lost her memory of past sexual abuse by her father. She visited an on-campus student counseling room complaining of feeling she was >not herself.< This paper focuses on intersubjective exchanges involving moments when her traumatic experiences were about to be revived during weekly face-to-face psychoanalytic psychotherapy. I took note of the joint attention that developed between us concerning my attunement with her painful emotional experiences. We eventually shared subjective affective states fostered within a safe mental space. Using this as a starting point, we traced the process by which she came to accept the painful memories and associated experiences surrounding the heart-wrenching affect that she had had no choice but to >shroud in darkness,< as well as accepting her feelings of reality. I made use of knowledge from infant research shedding light on how two people can instantly mutually influence their actions and behaviors, and explored, in great detail, what sort of implicit relatedness had developed between us. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mucci, Clara T1 - Psychoanalysis for a new humanism: Embodied testimony, connectedness, memory and forgiveness for a >persistence of the human< JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 3, 2018), pp. 176-187. N2 - In proposing a refounding of psychoanalysis within a humanist perspective, the author suggests a comparison between Elie Wiesel’s discussion of concepts such as witnessing, testimony, and memory as redemption, and Sandor Ferenczi’s idea of the therapist as >benevolent and useful witness,< who, thanks to his/her true empathic and committed participation, in contrast to Freud’s neutrality, enables the patient to achieve real awareness of the split parts within him- or herself, as well as an integration of the fragmentation due to trauma. Against >indifference,< the practice of connectedness, responsibility, memory, love, and forgiveness as true elaboration of trauma and >going beyond< are proposed as tools towards a >persistence of the human< in a world of increasing dehumanization. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumeier, John T1 - Erich Fromm-Lecture 2017. Tanz und Die Kunst des Liebens JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 114-118. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018j Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018j ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lothane, Henri Zvi T1 - Review Joel Whitebook >Freud An Intellectual Biography< JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 129-131. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lothane, Henry Z. T1 - Emotional reality in Freud and Sullivan: Discussion of Dr. Sandra Buechler's paper JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 4, 2018), pp. 201-206. N2 - This discussion explores and compares the explicit interpersonal method of psychoanalysis of Harry Stack Sullivan and the implicit and until now insufficiently recognized interpersonal method of Sigmund Freud. Interpersonal means interaction via expression of feelings, emotions, and actions, gestures of body and face, and words. The centrality of emotions as motives and movers or action suggests redefining psychic reality as emotional reality. While Freud did not have the word >interpersonal,< invented by Sullivan, he nevertheless acted as an interpersonal psychotherapist both in his prepsychoanalytic period and, thereafter, from his beginnings as a psychoanalyst in 1893. The other purpose of this paper is to promote a new era of collaboration and cross-fertilization between the IPA and other psychoanalytic authors and organizations. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lue, Yong A1 - Liu, Huimin T1 - On the Function of Idol Education [论偶像教育功能的挖掘]. JF - Tianjin Education [天津教育], No. 8 (2018), pp. 10-13. N2 - 偶像崇拜是青少年中极为常见的心理与行为现象。很多心理学家都对偶像崇拜进行过论述。例如,著名人本主义哲学家、精神分析学家弗洛姆曾指出,偶像崇拜是对幻想中杰出人物的依恋,带有过分强化或理想化的色彩。另一位精神分析学家埃里克森则认为,偶像崇拜是青少年将对父母的养育式依恋移情到对生命中重要人物的认同式依恋的表现。香港城市大学岳晓东博士认为,青春期的偶像是青少年的第二人格偶像,偶像崇拜是青少年活动范围扩大和认知思维发展的结果。随着近年来大众传媒的快速发展,特别是 N2 - Idol worship is a very common psychological and behavioral phenomenon among adolescents. Many psychologists have discussed idolatry. For example, the famous humanistic philosopher and psychoanalyst Fromm pointed out that idolatry is the attachment to outstanding figures in fantasy, with over-enhanced or idealized colors. Another psychoanalyst, Eriksson, believes that idolatry is a manifestation of adolescents' empathic attachment to their parental attachment to an important person in life. Dr. Yue Xiaodong from the City University of Hong Kong believes that the idol of adolescence is the second personality idol of adolescents. Idol worship is the result of the expansion of adolescent activities and the development of cognitive thinking. With the rapid development of mass media in recent years, especially […] [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lüdemann, Otto T1 - Versuch einer kritischen Synopse der Tagungsbeiträge JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 089-095. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018g Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018g ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riedel, Ingrid T1 - Der Mensch zwischen Gut und Böse. Vom Umgang mit Urfragen JF - B. Dorst, C. Neuen, W. Teichert (Hg.), Zwischen Böse und Gut. Vom Umgang mit Urkräften, Schriftenreihe der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Tiefenpsychologie, Ostfildern (Patmos) 2018, pp. 9-37. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rong, Xinhui T1 - Fromm's Humanitarian Thought and His Research on Contemporary Value [弗洛姆人道主义思想及其当代价值研究], Master thesis, Foreign Marxist Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2018. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆是法兰克福学派代表人物之一,也是精神分析理论主要继承人,其人道主义思想可以称为其对于马克思主义关于>人的科学<和弗洛伊德精神分析学说的最重要的贡献。弗洛姆的这种人道主义理论基于弗洛姆对人性与人类生存状况的分析,即人的本质与实际存在的差距,重点在于将人的需求与现实、对他人与对自己联系起来。弗洛姆在充分吸收和借鉴马克思异化理论与人道主义根本传统的基础之上,在社会批判理论的影响下,从心理学角度出发,开始了自己的人性思想研究,用来揭示西方社会下人的异化与社会的病态。通过对资本主义社会现象的深刻分析与激烈抨击,弗洛姆尖锐的指出资本主义繁华与虚荣的背后是精神的匮乏与人心的孤独,处在该社会状态下的人为丧失自我而全面异化的人,而为了摆脱这种状况,资本主义社会下人们似乎越来越逃避自由的机制而去追寻所谓的>自由<,却又陷入深一层次的孤独。因此弗洛姆主张建立和完善健全的人格与健全的社会,只有这样,才能够在更深层次上,从本质中实现人性的自由和发展。本论文在考察弗洛姆所剖析的西方现代社会现实的基础上,从弗洛姆的时代背景和生活经验出发,根据现实和理论依据,将弗洛姆人道主义思想的核心内核扩展到当今社会生活的各个领域。论文从人的存在中指出资本主义经济、消费、精神、社会等各领域的典型异化现象,从人的存在方式的各个方面来分析异化现象的成因,通过>爱的艺术<、自由的追求与自我的实现以完善健全的人格;从一般的方法、经济、政治、文化等方面来消除资本主义社会的异化以形成健全的社会,探寻人的本质与人的本质的实现方式,以及人的生存状况的改造方案。虽然弗洛姆的人道主义理论学说存在缺漏不足,但瑕不掩瑜,在对其进行准确定位的基础上深入挖掘其思想的内涵,并将其与新时代中国特色社会主义现代化建设相结合,是本文研究的价值所在。围绕>弗洛姆人道主义思想及其和谐价值<这一主题,本文共分为四个章节:第一章主要介绍弗洛姆人道主义思想的历史背景及理论基础,探寻其思想的现实依据与学理基础以阐明弗洛姆人道主义思想的形成原因,以期对弗洛姆人道主义思想产生的背景有一个初步的把握。传统的犹太教家庭及早年经历引发了弗洛姆对人的问题的思索及对人道主义的兴趣,其所处的>社会实验室<般的以战争动荡,与之后以经济过剩等异化现象为显著特征的时代是其理论的现实依据。在此背景下,弗洛姆在回归人道主义传统的基础上,批判继承弗洛伊德精神分析学说,用以填补马克思人道主义思想微观世界的空场,同时汲取法兰克福学派等优秀成果,融汇形成自身独特的人道主义思想。第二章主要考察了弗洛姆人道主义思想的核心:>人<。从>人是谁<这个核心问题出发剖析人的异化问题,从爱的需要、自由的实现以及自我的追寻三方面提出人的拯救与回归的方式。在一般的对于不健全人的分析与拯救的基础上,进一步从社会角度探寻人的生存状况的改造方案——健全的社会,即健全社会制度的经济、政治与文化的改革思路等,以求改变劳动者境遇、实现真正民主、实践爱和正义的观念。第三章在了解弗洛姆思想背景、解读弗洛姆思想主旨的基础上,剖析弗洛姆人道主义思想的显著特点、独到见解与不足之处。弗洛姆人道主义思想将现实的人作为主体,将人的劳动作为人能力的表现,将历史与现实不断糅合与展开,具有主体性、实践性、历史性等显著特点。我们要辩证分析、客观看待:既要嘉许其对于弗洛伊德精神分析学说及马克思人道主义学说积极意义上的调和,也要肯定其对>人<、>自由<、>爱<等问题的关注;同时,我们也要认识到其人性论的抽象化与本体化的局限性及其片面强调意识的作用,这也是其>弥赛亚<情结与>乌托邦性<的主要原因。最后落脚到本文的最后一章,在肯定弗洛姆人道主义理论与当代中国和谐思想一致性的逻辑根本之上,进一步从理论与实践两方面分析弗洛姆人道主义思想的当代价值,肯定其对于马克思主义>人学<体系构建的深化,在进一步加深、更新对资本主义认识的基础上,我们反思叩问自身,以此为启思,探寻弗洛姆人道主义思想的合理性,并将其应用于当代社会,为解决当今社会问题出谋划策。 N2 - Erich Fromm, one of the representative figures of the Frankfurt School, is also one of the pioneers in the tradition of psychoanalysis, whose humanitarianism is one of its most important contributions to the Marxist theory of >human science< and Freudian psychoanalysis. This humanitarian thinking is based on Fromm’s analysis of human nature and the living conditions of mankind, that is, the gap between the essence and the actual existence of human beings. The emphasis lies on linking man’s needs and reality to others and himself. On the basis of fully absorbing and drawing lessons from Marx’s theory of alienation and humanitarian tradition, Fromm put forward his own study of humanitarian mentality under the influence of social critical theory and used it to explain the humanism of capitalist society Alienation and social morbidity. From the profound analysis. and fierce attack on the phenomenon of capitalist society, Fromm pointed out sharply that behind the prosperity and vanity of capitalism are the spirit of lacking and the loneliness of the people, and the alienated and alienated people in the state of society lose themselves altogether. In order to get out of this situation, people in capitalist society seem to evade free mechanisms more and more to pursue the so-called >freedom<, and at the same time fall into a deeper level of loneliness. Therefore, Fromm advocates establishing and perfecting a sound personality and a sound society. Only in this way can we realize the freedom and development of human nature in a deeper level and essence. Based on the investigation of social reality, starting from the background and experience of Fromm’s time, this thesis extends Fromm’s conception of humanitarianism to all the fields of life according to the practical and practical foundations and theoretical bases, pointing out that capitalism Economy, consumption, spirit, society and other areas of the typical alienation from the human and social, subjective and objective analysis of the causes of alienation, through the >love of art<, the pursuit of freedom and self-realization to improve and perfect personality; to eliminate the alienation of capitalist society from the general methods, economy, politics and culture, as a sound social, micro and macro combination to explore the dimension of humanitarian harmony. Although there are some shortcomings in his theory of Humanitarianism, Fromm’s humanitarian ideology is deeply rooted in his accurate positioning and combined with the modernization of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, so that we study the value of this article. Fromm analyzed the modern western capitalist society and the people of the same age, diagnosed the modern Western society for the material abundance and mental retardation, moral decline of the morbid society, the diagnosis of modern people for the loss of self and full alienation. In order to break the >spiritual wilderness< that is out of the plight of spiritual and moral to build a harmonious >sound society<, Fromm’s psychoanalysis of Freud, Marx’s humanitarianism, the Frankfurt School of social critical theory and other A variety of ideas were critically absorbed and presented by his humanitarian ethics. On the one hand, through the system to sort out the main content of >Fromm’s Humanitarian Thought<, in order to grasp the ideological system as a whole and to grasp the ideological system as a whole, and to study the theory of >humanism< On the other hand, combined with the practice of socialist modernization construction, based on the theory of Humanism of Fromm, based on the problem of alienation caused by the current social construction, the system will outline the whole of social problems Thinking and reform paradigm. Around the theme of >Fromm’s Humanitarian Thought and Its Harmonious Value<, this paper is divided into four parts: The first part briefly introduces the historical background and theoretical basis of Fromm’s humanitarian thought, and explores the realistic basis and the foundation of the thought to clarify the reasons for the formation of the theory of Humanism of Fromm, the preliminary understanding, thought. The traditional Jewish family and the early years of experience inspired the question of the question of Humanism and the interest in humanism, the >social laboratory< in which the war is turbulent and after the economic surplus and other significant characteristics of the times Is the theoretical basis of its theory. Based on the reality of capitalist and social alienation under the big industrialization, Fromm, on the basis of the return to the humanitarian tradition, criticized the theory of Freudian psychoanalysis to fill the vacancy of Marxist humanism in the microscopic world. At the same time, Absorbing the outstanding achievements of the Frankfurt School, and merging to form its own unique humanitarianism. The second part combines the micro and macro, and makes a systematic and comprehensive analysis of Fromm’s humanitarian thought so as to systematically clarify the main contents and framework of the thought. From the cell of the society-man to discuss the nature of the human capital in the western capitalist alienation society, alienation, the way of saving and returning from the three aspects of the need of love, the realization of freedom and the pursuit of self So as to further explore and improve the economic, political and cultural reform ideas of the social system on the basis of the analysis and rescue of the unsound people in order to change the labor situation and realize the concept of true democracy and practice of love and justice. On the basis of this, the third part gives a relatively comprehensive and objective evaluation of Fromm’s humanitarian thought from three aspects: subjectivity, practical dimension and historical dimension. It not only appreciates the theory of Freudian psychoanalysis and Marxist humanism Thinking and reconciliation of the theory of human nature, and its attention to the >human<, >free< and >love< and other issues, and objectively pointed out that the abstraction of human nature and the limitations of ontology, and its one-sided emphasis on the role of consciousness, This is the main reason for its >Messiah< complex and >utopian<. And finally to the last part of this article, on the basis of affirming the homogeneity of Fromm’s humanitarian thought and harmonious thought, we further analyze the contemporary value of Fromm’s humanitarian thought from both theoretical and practical aspects, and certainly for Marxism: The deepening of the building, the deepening of the building and the deepening of the construction of the western Marx system, on the basis of further deepening and renewing the understanding of capitalism, reconsidering ourselves as a way of thinking and exploring the principles and ideas of solving the current social problems. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ma, Liulin T1 - On the Alienation of Allan Poe’s Horror Novels [论爱伦•坡恐怖小说的异化主题], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 埃德加•爱伦•坡作为十九世纪的美国浪漫主义作家,在继承哥特传统的基础上,形成独特的创作风格。小说内容多表现积极乐观表象下的暗涌,在揭示人类灵魂阴暗面的同时,蕴含了作家对人类生存境况和人性本质的思索。作家注重挖掘作品中叙述者和人物的内心世界,感受时代引起的孤独与异化,并将思考融入到文学创作中。尽管他的创作理念并未受到同时代作家的认可,但随着时间的推移,爱伦•坡却对二十世纪欧美现代派产生深刻影响。他作品中所体现的超前现代意识和对人类命运的关注,也为其著作赢得经久不衰的研究魅力。本文主要运用弗洛姆的异化理论,对爱伦•坡的恐怖小说进行分析。绪论主要针对爱伦•坡国内外研究状况进行大致梳理,并介绍异化概念的来源和发展,指出从异化角度研究作品的必要性。论文主体分三章展开论述:首先整合异化理论的相关观点,具体分析恐怖小说中关于人对自我的异化、人与人关系的异化和社会对人的异化的呈现;第二章从时空维度、叙述视角、叙述对象层面入手,剖析爱伦•坡笔下的异化世界;最后一章,结合作家生活经历和社会背景,分析异化主题产生的原因,并通过进一步对其作品人物生存状态的探讨,指出作家希望通过人性回归和精神重生来抗拒异化的愿景,力求对爱伦•坡恐怖小说的异化主题有更深刻理解。 N2 - As an American romantic writer in the nineteenth century, Edgar Allan Poe has formed a unique style of creation on the basis of inheriting the Gothic tradition. Generally, the content of his novels focus on the gloomy faces hidden behind the positive and optimistic appearances. While revealing the dark side of the humanity, Poe’s novels show the writer’s thinking about the human existence and the nature of human. Also, Poe pays much attention to exploring the inner world of the narrator and characters, touching the loneliness and alienation caused by the times, and integrating his reflections into literary creation. Although his creative ideas were not recognized by the contemporaries, Allan Poe had a profound influence on the European and American modernists in the twentieth century over time. The farsighted modern consciousness and concerns for the destiny of mankind make Allan Poe’s novels extraordinary and attract long-standing studies. By applying Erich Fromm’s alienation theory, this thesis analyzes Allen Poe’s horror novels. The introduction mainly gives a general review of the research status of Allan Poe at home and abroad, introduces the origin and development of the concept of alienation, and then points out the necessity of studying Poe’s novels from the perspective of alienation. The main part of this thesis is divided into three chapters. First, it integrates the relevant viewpoints of alienation theory and specifically analyzes three kinds of human alienations in Poe’s horror novels, including the alienation of oneself, of others and of society. In the second chapter, Allan Poe’s alienated world described in his horror novels is analyzed from the perspective of time and space, narrative point of view and narrative objects. The last chapter explains the causes of alienation theme on the basis of Poe’s life experience and social background. Furthermore, through a detailed interpretation of alienation ideas in horror novels, Poe’s attitude toward alienated characters is explored. The purpose is to have a comprehensive and profound understanding of the theme of alienation in Allan Poe’s novels. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maccoby, Michael T1 - For A More Just And Prosperous America, January 16, 2018. - http://www.shankerinstitute.org/blog/more-just-and-prosperous-america Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Conci, Marco T1 - Editorial: German themes in psychoanalysis. Part three T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 1, 2018), pp. 001-004. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Conci, Marco T1 - Working with Italian patients in Munich – The case of Penelope JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 1, 2018), pp. 024-034. N2 - With their book Psychoanalytic perspectives on migration and exile (1989), L. Grinberg and R. Grinberg (1984) opened up a new clinical field, which had been neglected for a long time in the psychoanalytic community, although Freud’s multilinguistic competence had greatly contributed to the creation of psychoanalysis. With their book The Babel of the unconscious, Jacqueline Amati Mehler, Simona Argentieri, and Jorge Canestri were able to confirm the hypothesis that it is possible to help multilingual patients to integrate the different aspects of their self which are bound to their mother tongue and to their foreign tongue(s), and thus to allow them to develop a new identity. The author, who has been a psychoanalyst in Munich since 1999, works every day with his Italian patients in this new clinical field, that is in their common mother tongue and at the two levels of their old Italian and their new German identity. Through the detailed presentation of a clinical case, he furthermore shows how, on the one hand, the migration creates a new space in which therapy actually becomes possible, and on the other hand, not only therapy, but also the kind of relationship developed by the patients to their >new country< plays a decisive role in the whole process. Such a frame proved to be particularly good for the emergence, revisitation, and reelaboration of the transgenerational trauma around which the case of Penelope is centered. The author further assumes that the theme of >migration and identity< is becoming more and more important in our globalized world, with clinical consequences whose elaboration requires a specific cultural and technical preparation. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Conci, Marco T1 - Review Andrea Sabbadini >Moving images. Psychoanalytic reflections on film<; Andrea Sabbadini >Boundaries and bridges. Perspectives on time and space in psychoanalysis< JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 3, 2018), pp. 190-191. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Conci, Marco A1 - Ermann, Michael T1 - Marco Conci interviews Michael Ermann JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 1, 2018), pp. 005-013. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Conci, Marco A1 - Maniadakis, Grigoris T1 - Introduction: Psychoanalytic interactions, clinical and applied T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 4, 2018), pp. 193-194. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cortina, Mauricio T1 - A Tribute to Giovanni Liotti: gentle soul, first rate thinker, scholar and clinician, manuscript for publication, 2018. N2 - I describe my collaboration with Giovanni over the span of almost 15 years during which time we developed a multimotivational model that built on attachment theory and explored some of its clinical implications. I mention the many ways Giovanni influenced my thinking, and provide a few personal stories about Giovanni that give a sense of his generous, warm and creative nature. Throughout the article I describe how I developed some of the ideas we worked on together to provide a broad evolutionary and developmental outlook on human nature. We had planned to write a book together on this ambitious project, but personal circumstances got in the way. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chinaglia Cornoldi, Alessandra A1 - Cornoldi, Adriano T1 - Architecture and psychoanalysis. Nathaniel Kahn and the search for the father JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 4, 2018), pp. 274-282. N2 - This text is intended as a contribution to the study of the profound mutual relations between architecture and psychoanalysis. Architecture creates representations that conceal unconscious forms of thought; psychoanalysis helps to explain the meanings of these representations – forms of construction and forms of the psyche. The multifaceted work of psychoanalyst Christopher Bollas – his thoughts on the relationships between psychoanalysis and architecture, on the vitality of objects, on the creative implications of the Oedipal relationship – serves as a critical and decisive instrument for the authors’ inquiry. The issue of the >vitality of objects< as described by Bollas also concerns – but only in part – the architectural >object.< One modern form of architecture with an inordinate capacity empathy has to be Louis Kahn’s. Kahn’s youngest son , Nathaniel, lost his father when he was still a child and hardly had a chance to get to know him. After becoming an adult and an established film-maker, he managed to recover his father in two ways: by discovering him in his works, with their powerful affective impact; and by drawing from those very works of his father to enhance his own creative process in his filmic art. As it turns out, it is this very process that has allowed for an emblematically positive resolution of the Oedipal relationship. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Choi, Jinhee T1 - North Korean defectors’ dream psychology and implicit learning in South Korea JF - International Journal of Dream Research Volume 11, No. 2 (2018), pp. 213-217. N2 - This paper applies the theoretical framework of Fromm’s humanistic psychology to examine the reported content of North Korean defectors’ dreams during sleep and considers what the psychological data suggests about the defectors’ past social experience in authoritarian North Korea and their present social situation as adults learning to adjust to a new life in neo-liberal South Korea. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chu, Tianying T1 - Fromm's Theory of Consumption Alienation [弗洛姆消费异化理论研究] N2 - 从人类社会产生至今,消费一直伴随我们左右。消费是一种同生产过程联系十分密切的经济行为,是社会生产活动中的终极环节,它主要表现在人们购买商品来满足自身的需求。但是随着生产力的提高,尤其是科技水平的提升和物质文明的发展,使得异化现象在消费领域显现,而且这些消费异化的现象对我们的生活带来了从未有过的改变。消费异化,从根源上说,是一种不正常的消费状态,具有很大的危害性,其具体表现在使无需求的消费者为了满足无休止的欲望而在广告等虚假宣传的鼓动下进行消费。时代在发展,社会在进步,理论研究永无止境,现如今,很多专家学者正在对消费异化的问题进行探讨和研究。在这些专家学者的学说中,法兰克福学派的先驱之一埃里希•弗洛姆的消费异化论独树一帜。弗洛姆吸取了马克思异化理论的精髓,并将其和弗洛伊德的精神分析学说相结合。他强调消费异化不只有人的本质的因素,也存在社会条件。随后,他针对每况愈下的消费主义社会,提出了扬弃的措施。当前我国贸易逐步自由化,不合理的消费异化现象在我国初步呈现并日趋增加。因此,弗洛姆对于消费异化的探究和分析,和如何消除消费异化现象,以及针对此问题展开的文化和心理领域的探索,对我国提倡文明理性的消费观、树立以人为本的消费理念、扭转不良的消费现象有着的指导价值。 N2 - From the human society to the present, consumption always plays an important role in people’s production and life. Consumption is an economic activity closely related to the production process, it is the ultimate step of social production, and its main performance is that people buy goods to satisfy their own needs. But with the development of productive forces, especially the progress of science and technology, the material civilization has increased greatly, and the alienation began to manifest in the consumption field, which has impact on the production and society life. Consumption alienation, at its root, is an abnormal consumption state, and endanger human society, its specific performance is to ma ke the unrequired consumer promote consumption with the endless desire to under the agitation of advertising and other false propaganda. The era is developing, the society is advancing, and the theoretical research is endless. Nowadays, many experts and scholars are discussing and studying the problem of consumption alienation. In the theory of these expert scholars, Erich Fromm is one of the representatives of the Frankfurt School. Erich Fromm’s theory of consumption alienation is unique among those consumption alienation studies. He inherited Marx’s theory of alienation, and combined Marx’s theory of labor alienation with Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis. The reasons for that are not only the rooted human nature, but also social factors. Subsequently, he put forward the measures to eliminate the phenomenon of increasing consumption alienation. At present, China’s trade has been gradually liberalized, and the phenomenon of consumption alienation is starting to appear and become increasingly fierce in our society. Therefore, Fromm’s exploration and analysis of consumption alienation and the way to eliminate the phenomenon of consumption alienation are very important. And for this problem to explore in the field of culture and psychology, it is of great guiding significance to our country to advocate a civilized and rational consumption view, to set up a human consumption concept and to overcome the current problem of consumerism.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Churchill, Christian J. A1 - Fellman, Gordon T1 - Sociology and psychoanalysis in the liberal arts JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 098-104. N2 - This paper posits that an infusion of psychoanalytic concepts into the teaching of sociology in undergraduate liberal arts curricula offers a route to expanding students’ understanding of how self and society are entwined in a condition of mutual crisis in contemporary society. We argue that the liberatory project at the core of the liberal arts is served well by linking the critical perspectives found in these two disciplines. We provide as specific examples from our own teaching: (1) a demonstration of how Freud’s concept of neurosis has an affinity with Marx’s concept of alienation; and (2) a discussion of how the torture sequence in Orwell’s 1984 presents an inversion of a psychoanalytic treatment through which the power of propaganda is illuminated. We conclude that teaching the two disciplines in tandem helps students grasp how the self is a socially constructed entity and how the orthodoxies of neurosis and social control are available for critique and change. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bozovic, Masa A1 - Lerman, David T1 - Review Otto F. Kernberg >Future of Psychoanalytic Training<. Psychoanalytic Education at the Crossroads Reformation, Change and the JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 126-129. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braune, Nick T1 - Labor Leader Sidney Lens Discovers Erich Fromm JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 109-125. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e22/2018f Y1 - 2018 VL - e22/2018f ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buchholz, Michael B. A1 - Dimitrijevic, Aleksandar T1 - Editorial: Teaching for survival T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 073-075. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buchholz, Michael B. A1 - Kächele, Horst T1 - Teaching research methods to psychoanalysts: Experiences from PSAID JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 2, 2018), pp. 114-120. N2 - Here we introduce the dissertation program PSAID (Postgraduate Studies for the Advancement of Individual Dissertations), conducted at the International Psychoanalytic University in Berlin, Germany. We tell stories about our experience: about a wish to sum up in a dissertation after long years of clinical practice what has been learnt in diving deeply into human experience; about the fear of losing one’s identity when something new is to be learned, either planning a research study or conducting an interview that has not clinical but research-driven orientations; about the >biography of theory< – what motivates therapists to make a choice between psychoanalysis or cognitive-behavioral therapy; about how the experience of listening changes when you do not hear a voice but read a transcript and understand how many details allude to a relationship and influence your perception and thinking; about the experience of seeing a voice visualized on an audiogram; about summing up certain characteristics of >situations< in the consulting room. We propose not only to distinguish >online/offline< research, but to include >situationism< as a third concept. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buechler, Sandra T1 - Erich Fromm’s Place in the Interpersonal Tradition. Erich Fromm Lecture 2017 JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 007-020. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e22/2018a Y1 - 2018 VL - e22/2018a ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buechler, Sandra T1 - Sullivan's impact on the clinician's feelings and therapeutic style JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 27 (No. 4, 2018), pp. 195-200. N2 - This paper explores how Sullivan's interpersonal theory can be applied clinically and illustrates this with a clinical case. It considers the emotional impact, on the clinician, of a Sullivanian point of view. Each theoretical orientation equips the analyst differently. Sullivanian technique impacts the analyst's focus, feelings of competence, and hopefulness. Although each theory emphasizes different aspects of the clinical material, this paper suggests that there is a set of clinical values that inspire the work of all analysts, regardless of orientation. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bultmann, Johannes T1 - Laudatio auf John Neumeier. >Was mir die Liebe erzählt< JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 22 / 2018, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 103-107. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d22/2018i Y1 - 2018 VL - d22/2018i ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Burston, Daniel T1 - Authority, Tradition and the Postmodern University JF - Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture, Vol. 3 (No. 5) 2018, pp. 90-99. N2 - The postmodern university is experiencing a legitimation crisis because of a deepening and corrosive mistrust of all forms of authority; even those that are intended to benefit students by enabling them to >think critically<, or to deepen and improve their knowledge and skills. Some of the problem is rooted in prevailing cultural and economic trends, but others inhere in the nature of postmodernism itself; especially the postmodern claim that truth itself is non-existent or simply unattainable or unavailable, even at the best of times. Unlike earlier generations of critical theorists, who believed that >the truth shall make you free<, postmodern theorists, following Nietzsche, claim that the very idea of truth is moot, if not entirely obsolete. But absent a commitment to a search for truth, the entire structure of the university itself begins to crumble. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cai, Zhenchuan T1 - A Textual Interpretation of >The Sane Society< >健全社会<的文本解读 JF - The Science Education Article Collects 科教文汇(上旬刊), No. 4 (2018), pp. 174-175. N2 - 《健全社会》一书是弗洛姆的重要著作,对该书的阅读和分析,可以为我们分析资本主义社会的病态以及给我们现在的社会发展和社会建设以启示。资本的魔棒在舞动世界的同时也舞动其自身,一切社会的病态都因之而起,一切的异化痛苦也都因之而来。唯有对资本有合理的调控,让其在服务于人的道路上才能化解这些矛盾。而要做到这些就需要对社会制度等有科学的设计。 N2 - The book >The Sane Society< is an important work of Fromm. Through the reading and analysis of the book, we can analyze the ills of capitalist society and get inspiration for the current social development and social construction. The magic wand of capital dances itself at the same time as it moves around the world. All sickness of society rises, and all the alienation and suffering also come from it. Only if there is reasonable regulation of capital, can it resolve these contradictions on the road of serving people. To do this requires scientific design of social systems. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Feng, Junxia T1 - Loneliness and Redemption: A Brief Analysis of >The Diaries of Jane Somers< [独与救赎——《简•萨默斯日记》解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art]. JF - Journal of Zhoukou Normal University [周口师范学院学报], No. 6 (2018), pp. 36-39. N2 - 《简•萨默斯日记》是诺贝尔文学奖得主多丽丝•莱辛创作后期的一部重要作品,主要讲述现代中年女性简娜如何摆脱孤独完成自我成长与救赎的故事。基于弗洛姆爱的理论及诺丁斯的关怀伦理视角,解读小说中爱与关怀的救赎力量,指出唯有爱与关怀能使人类摆脱孤独。 N2 - Doris Lessing was a famous writer who wins Nobel Prize for literature in 2007. >The Diaries of Jane Somers< was written during her later phrase, narrating how a middle-aged woman, Jane, to get rid of loneliness and achieve the selfgrowth and redemption. Based on Erich Fromm’s discourse about love and Nodding’s care ethics, the paper attempts to reconsider the power of love and care in the novel, pointing out that only love and care can help us get rid of loneliness. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER -