TY - JOUR A1 - Wefing, Heinrich T1 - >Was hätte ich getan? JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 208f. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wehr, Helmut T1 - Erziehung nach Auschwitz heute. Erziehung zur demokratischen Zivilcourage JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 73-99. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Jun T1 - An Analysis of Fromm's Freedom Plight Theory [对弗洛姆的自由困境理论探析], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2011. N2 - Western Marxism schools study Marxism in different respects, which have greatly contributed to the innovation and development of Marxism. As one of the scholars of Western Marxism schools, Erich Fromm’s theories have great research value. This essay will focus on Fromm’s Freedom Plight theory, which is also the core of his whole theories. All his theories are generated from this, including his huma-nitarian ethics theory. Only deeply understand his Freedom Plight theory, can it systemically and precise-ly apprehend Fromm’s whole theory system. This essay explores systemically and comprehensively this theory through defining this theory at first, and then provides the analysis of the way of solving its phenomenon, illustrating the actual methods to solve the problems in social reality at last.– The major innovation of this essay is to deeply understand and illustrate Fromm’s Freedom Plight theory in different historical era and combining different types of social system, in order to understand more deeply Fromm’s freedom view. Various types of research methods have been applied in this essay, such as the comparative method, history and logic method, and also linking theory with practice in order to understand comprehensively Fromm’s theory system. Fromm’s Freedom Plight theory is the deep analysis and exposition that people stress democracy but lacking in democracy in capitalist system, which has a strong sense of contemporaneity and practical significance. This theory has provided us the solid theoretical basis for us to understand the living condition in modern capitalistic society, and also, it has great reference value to the construction of socialism in our country. N2 - 西方马克思主义流派以不同的角度研究马克思主义思想,对马克思主义思想的创新与发展作出了积极的贡献。弗洛姆作为西方马克思主义流派的一员,他的思想理论具有重要的研究价值。本文重点研究论述弗洛姆的自由困境理论,这一理论也是弗洛姆思想理论的核心所在,他的一切思想理论都是由这一现象性理论来展开论述的,包括他的人道主义伦理学理论也是在自由困境理论的基础上进行阐述的。只有深入认识理解弗洛姆的自由困境理论,才能系统、准确地把握弗洛姆的整个思想体系。论文从对弗洛姆的自由困境理论的概念的论述,到解决自由困境现象的方法的分析,最后结合实际阐述了弗洛姆有关解决现实社会自由困境的实际方法等等,系统而完整全面的把握弗洛姆的自由困境理论体系。论文的主要创新之处在于分不同的历史时期,结合了不同的社会制度,深入理解阐述弗洛姆的自由困境理论,以求更准确的把握弗洛姆的自由观。论文运用比较法,历史与逻辑相联系的方法,理论联系实际等多种研究方法,细致、深刻的阐述弗洛姆的自由困境理论体系,以便全面系统的把握弗洛姆的这一思想理论体系。弗洛姆的自由困境理论是对资本主义制度下人们强调民主却普遍失去民主的深刻剖析与论述,具有很强的时代感与现实意义。他的自由困境理论为我们理解现代资本主义社会人们的生存境遇提供了坚实的理论基础,也对我国的社会主义建设具有重要的参考价值。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Qiaona T1 - A Study on Fromm’s Alienation Theory [弗洛姆异化思想研究], Master thesis, Basic Principles of Marxism, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2011. N2 - … morbidity phenomenon, Fromm put humanism theory as the ideological basis and tries to fusion Freud’s psychoanalysis doctrine and the theory of historical materialism of Marx, Fromm put his concept of human nature as a standard to perspective contemporary capitalist society economic prosperity and affluent life appearances. Fromm had incisively and vividly exposed and criticized the alienation in contemporary capitalist society, His views has very important reference value on we understanding and researching human society phenomenon. This paper discussed the theoretical origin, background and main contents of Fromm’s alienation thought based on the study of domestic and foreign scholars. Nest we emphatically discussed theoretical significance and practical value. This paper is divided into four parts. – The first part interprets the background and theoretical origin of Fromm’s alienation thought. It is the rise of fascism and the tendency of mechanization of human life that deny the value and meaning of human life, it led Fromm to seek salvation of this confusion. He critically inherited the Freud’s psychoanalysis and absorbed the nutrients in Marxist theory, thus put forward the ideas of his own unique psychological alienation.– The second part discusses the main contents of Fromm’s theory of alienation. It contains five aspects: Fromm’s concept of human nature, the meaning of alienation, the root causes of alienation, the causes of alienation and the elimination of alienation. The purpose is to grasp the logic of Fromm’s alienation theory, on the one hand describes the content of his thoughts, on the other hand show the inadequacies of his alienation theory. Fromm believes that human nature is constantly changing and developing, he put the view of human nature as the basis of his alienation theory. Fromm gives alienation psychological meaning: alienation is a kind of psychological experiences. The root of alienation lies in the situation of human survival contradiction. The causes of alienation include the two aspects: it’s the social repression to individual life and the existence of unconscious. In order to eliminate alienation, on the one hand we had to improve the human reason and establish creative links with the whole world; on the other hand we should carry out an all-round social change.– The third part explores the value and shortcomings of Fromm’s alienation theory through comparing the Fromm and Marx’s alienation theory. We analyzed the positive significance and defects of Fromm’s alienation theory from the perspective of theory and practice. Theoretically, Fromm totally deviates from Marx for taking the abstract theory of human nature as the theoretical basis. But Fromm expands the Research fields of Marxism because of exploring from microcosmic psychological perspective. From a practical point of view, Fromm has a utopia tendency of eliminating alienation.– The fourth part explores the enlightenment of Fromm’s alienation theory to build a socialist harmonious society. To achieve the goal of building a harmonious society we must build a psychological harmonious society according to China’s reality. The paper focuses on the key role of psychological harmony and how to build a psychological harmonious society. N2 - 弗洛姆从人本主义出发,力图融合弗洛伊德的精神分析学说和马克思的历史唯物主义理论,以此来考察西方资本主义社会的各种病态现象。异化思想是弗罗姆以自己的人性论为标准,透过当代资本主义社会经济繁荣和生活富裕的表象,考察其内在矛盾而得出的结论。弗洛姆对当代资本主义社会中的异化问题进行了淋漓尽致的揭露与批判,其观点对我们了解与研究人类社会现象具有十分重要的参考价值。本文以马克思主义理论为指导,论述了弗洛姆异化思想的产生背景、理论渊源及其主要内容,在此基础之上着重探讨其思想的理论意义和现实价值。本文分为四个部分:第一部分阐释弗洛姆异化思想产生的时代背景和理论渊源。法西斯主义的崛起和人类生活的机械化倾向否定了人类生命的价值和意义,这个困惑促使弗洛姆寻求救世的良方。他批判地继承弗洛伊德的精神分析理论,汲取马克思主义思想理论的养分,从而提出了自己独特的心理异化思想。第二部分从人性观、异化的含义、异化的内生动力、异化的外生原因以及扬弃五个方面分析总结弗洛姆异化思想的主要内容,旨在对其思想进行逻辑上的整体疏理,一方面阐述其思想的内涵,另一方面显现弗洛姆思想观点的片面之处。弗洛姆认为人性是历史生成的,他将人性观作为其异化思想的基础和前提;在前人异化理论的基础上,弗洛姆赋予异化心理层面的含义:异化是一种心理体验;异化的根源在于人与生俱来的生存处境,即生存两歧;社会对个人的压抑和意识对社会无意识的压抑构成了异化的原因;扬弃异化在主观层面上要健全人的理性,与世界建立创造性的联系,客观上要进行全方位的社会变革。第三部分通过与马克思异化理论的比较,探讨弗洛姆异化思想的价值与缺陷,从理论和实践两个方面指出其思想的积极意义和不足之处。从理论上讲,弗洛姆以抽象的人性论作为理论基础,完全背离了马克思。但是,他从微观心理角度探究异化现象,拓展了马克思主义的研究领域。从实践角度来看,弗洛姆扬弃异化的思想具有乌托邦倾向。第四部分探究弗洛姆异化思想对我国构建和谐社会的启示,从心理角度观照我国的现实状况,指出要实现和谐社会建设的目标,就必须建设心理和谐的和谐社会。本文重点论述了心理和谐对构建和谐社会的作用以及如何构建心理和谐的社会主义和谐社会。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lihui T1 - Love for Love – Fromm's Love Philosophy Meaning [为爱而爱—弗洛姆爱的哲学的意义], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2011. N2 - Fromm’s insight into the people of Western capitalist society of modern alienation, pointing out that the love of man has alienated. He saw an alienation – people only know that the possession, but not know how to pay, people share everything, including love. He pointed out that the situation of human causes of alienation, that society is not perfect cause people is not sound. He believes that love is an art, is the need to learn to get through. Love is an ability, the ability of people without love cannot love others, even themselves. Without the ability to love others, not from the heart, in good faith, take the initiative to love others, then people in their own love lives are never satisfied. He believes that the object of love not only their parents, brothers, sisters, partners, as well as their own and all the people. Love in essence is giving, rather than request. Love is a practice, only they work hard, and will enjoy the fruits of love.– This article discusses the four parts: First, the origin of Fromm’s philosophy of love; Second, Fromm philosophy of love and its specific form; Third, the importance of self-love ideology; four, described Fromm philosophy of love contributions and limitations of the theory. N2 - 弗洛姆洞察到了西方现代资本主义社会人的异化情况,指出人的爱也已经异化。他看到了一种异化现象——人们只知道占有,而不懂得付出,人们占有一切,包括爱情。他指出了人的异化状况产生的原因,即社会的不健全导致人的不健全。他提出了解决问题的方法——爱。他认为爱是一种艺术,是需要通过学习才能获得的。爱是一种能力,没有爱的能力的人无法爱别人,甚至是自己。如果没有爱他人的能力,不能发自内心地、真诚地、主动地爱他人,那么人们在自己的爱的生活中也永远得不到满足。他认为爱的对象不仅是自己的父母、兄弟、姐妹、伴侣,还有自己和所有的人。爱在本质上是给予,而非索取。爱是一种实践,只有自己去努力了,才会享有爱的果实。本文的论述共分为四个部分:一、弗洛姆爱的哲学思想渊源;二、弗洛姆爱的哲学理论及其具体形式;三、自爱思想的重要性;四、阐述了弗洛姆爱的哲学的理论贡献与局限。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Baojun T1 - The Love Elements Darcy's Moved Elizabeth in >Pride and Prejudice< [《傲慢与偏见》中达西感动伊丽莎白的爱情要素] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Tangshan Teachers College [唐山师范学院学报], No. 6 (2011), pp. 24-25. N2 - In the novel >Pride and Prejudice<, the important reason why Elizabeth was caused to overcome her prejudice against Darcy got to love him and a finally married him is Darcy's deep love towards her. Analyzed with Erich Fromm's love theory it shows caring, responsibility useful, respect and under-standing. N2 - 《傲慢与偏见》中达西感动伊丽莎白,促使伊丽莎白克服对其产生的偏见并逐渐爱上他,最后与之牵手于婚姻殿堂的重要原因,是达西对伊丽莎白深深的爱,用弗洛姆爱情理论来剖析,则是其表现出来的关心、责任、尊重和了解。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Xiaoxi T1 - On Evade Freedom behind the Alienation [论逃避自由及其背后的异化] JF - Theory Research [学理论], No. 7 (2011), pp. 90-91. N2 - 通过对弗洛姆的>逃避自由<理论的原因背景简单介绍,以及对其所引起的人的心理机制的变化分析,重点阐述其背后的异化现象,提出自己的一点看法。 N2 - Through the background of theoretical reasons to Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< brief, and it caused psychological mechanisms of change analysis, focusing on the alienation behind, put forward their own point of view. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhi, Guan-nan A1 - Du, Zhiping T1 - Analysis of Fromm’s >Self-Improvement< [浅析弗洛姆>自我完善的人<] JF - Legal System and Society [法制与社会], No. 19 (2011), pp. 224-225. N2 - 科技等飞速发展的当今社会,极大地丰富了人们的物质生活的同时,也造就出了如经济人等不健全的人,浅析弗洛姆>自我完善的人<,汲取其精髓,有助于我们正确认识和提升自我,促进我国社会主义和谐社会建设。 N2 - Technology, the rapid development of today's society, which greatly enriched the material life of the people, but also created and other unsound, such as economic man, Erich Fromm >self-improvement< to learn its essence, helps us to correctly understand and enhance self-promote the construction of a socialist harmonious society in China. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Banks, Robert T1 - Erich Fromm JF - And Man Created God: Is God a Human Invention?, Oxford (Lion Hudson) 2011, pp. 112-130. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anonymus-2011a, T1 - Review Funk, R.: Erich Fromm als Therapeut: >So etwas wie Höflichkeit kennt das Unbewusste nicht< JF - Psychotherapeut, Vol. 56 (No. 3, May 2011), pp. 259-260. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Yongsheng T1 - Fromm's Humanistic Psychoanalysis Psychological Concept of Religion (Part 2) 弗罗姆的人本精神分析宗教心理观探析(二) JF - Science and Atheism [科学与无神论], No. 6 (2011), pp. 43-45. N2 - 弗罗姆的人本精神分析宗教心理观具有众多思想来源,其中对其影响最深刻的是弗洛伊德的精神分析学说和马克思早期的异化理论。弗罗姆人本精神分析宗教心理观的基本特点是:从所谓>综合<的折衷主义立场出发,试图消除>权威主义宗教<的传统弊端,建立理想化的>人本主义宗教<,以帮助现代人摆脱生存困境,满足现代人在宗教方面的精神需要。其历史贡献在于:克服了弗洛伊德宗教心理观的明显缺陷;使得宗教领域的理性启蒙思想得到弘扬;在宗教类型的具体分析中显示出辩证性。其历史局限表现在:没有摆脱>泛神论<思想的传统束缚;宗教改良的思路带有>乌托邦<色彩;对宗教本质的理解不符合马克思原意。 N2 - Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis psychological concept of religious thought has many sources, including its most profound impact is Freud's psychoanalytic theory and Marx's theory of alienation early. Fromm people the basic features of the psychoanalytic concept of the psychology of religion: the so-called >comprehensive< eclectic standpoint, trying to eliminate the >authoritarian religion<, the traditional disadvantages of establishing idealized >religious humanism< to help get rid of the plight of modern living, to meet the modern needs of the religious spirit. Its historical contribution is: to overcome the obvious shortcomings of Freud's concept of religious psychology; makes religious ideology get in the field of promoting rational enlightenment; showing dialectic analysis in specific religious type. Its historical performance limitations: no restraint from the traditional >pantheism< ideology; religious improvement ideas with >Utopia< color; understanding of the nature of religion does not meet the intent of Marx. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arrigo, Bruce A. T1 - Madness, Citizenship, and Social Justice: On the Ethics of the Shadow and the Ultramodern JF - Law & Literature, Vol. 23, No. 3 (2011), pp. 405-441. [Online ISSN: 1541-2601] [doi.org/10.1525/lal.2011.23.3.405] N2 - This article examines the ultramodern ethical crisis at the nexus of madness, citizenship, and social justice. To investigate this crisis, the article is divided into four substantive sections. The first section reviews the contributions of Hegel, Marx, and Freud. Their collective insights provide an incomplete depiction of ultramodernity’s self/society mutuality. The second section comments selectively on the critical social theory of Lacan, Derrida, Foucault, Baudrillard, and Fromm. This commentary demonstrates how the criminological shadow is sustained coproductively (via the organization of cosmopolitanism) and dialectically (via the self/society duality). The third section proposes several provisional ways of integrating these critical theories as a means of re-conceptualizing the ethic of the criminological shadow. The fourth section applies these new, integrated models to suggest a strategy for overcoming the harm coproduced by the ethic of the criminological shadow within the realm of madness, citizenship, and social justice. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartkowicz, Anna T1 - Zdrowe społeczeństwo według Ericha Fromma [Healthy Society by Erich Fromm], Master's thesis, Political Sciences, Faculty of International and Political Studies, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland 2011. N2 - Przedmiotem pracy jest analiza poglądów Ericha Fromma dotyczących właściwego funkcjonowania społeczeństwa. Przedstawia ona fragment jego wieloletniej twórczości z dziedziny badań nad zachowaniem poszczególnych jednostek oraz ich relacji w stosunku do całości społeczeństwa. Podstawowym zagadnieniem jest odpowiedź na pytanie: czy jest możliwe stworzenie dobrego społeczeństwa według wytycznych jakie przedstawia Fromm. Niezbędnym elementem jest analiza biografii niemieckiego myśliciela oraz tła historycznego, z których wynika wiele wniosków dotyczących jego późniejszych poglądów. Na podstawie długich lat pracy z ludźmi Fromm pisze szereg książek dotyczących relacji międzyludzkich, które przekładają się na relację w społeczeństwie. W tej pracy pragnę wykazać, iż Fromm nie tworzy utopii w tradycyjnym znaczeniu, tworzy on wizję drogi do niego, która jednak u swego celu nie jest nieosiągalnym ideałem, tylko rzeczywistym światem ludzi zadowolonych z siebie. W zakończeniu zawarta jest krótka analiza wpływu jego twórczości na świat od czasu ukazania się >Zdrowego społeczeństwa< w 1955 roku. N2 - The subject of the work is to analyze the views of Erich Fromm for the proper functioning of the society. It shows a fragment of his many years of work in the field of research on the behavior of individual units and their relationship to society as a whole. The basic thing is to answer the question: Is it possible to create a good society according to the guidelines which provides Fromm. An essential component is the analysis of the German thinker's biography and historical background which shows a lot of requests for his later views. Based on long years of working with people Fromm wrote several books on relationships that translate into a relationship in society. In my thesis I show that Fromm does not create a utopia in the traditional sense, he creates a vision of the way to it, however, in that its goal is not unattainable ideal, but the real world of people satisfied with myself. The conclusion contains a short analysis of the impact of his work to the world since the publication of a >Healthy Society< in 1955. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Park, Chan-Kook T1 - 목적론적 입장에서 본 행복: 아리스토텔레스와 프롬을 중심으로 [Happiness from a teleological perspective: Focusing on Aristotle and Fromm] JF - 동서사상 학술저널 [Academic Journal of East-West-Thought], Vol. 11 (2011a), pp. 1-28. [Print ISSN 1975-5279] N2 - 이 연구는 플라톤에서 아리스토텔레스, 그리고 토마스 아퀴나스와 헤겔에 이르는 서양철학의 고전적 전통을 지배했던 목적론에 입각하여 행복이라는 문제에 대해서 고찰하려고 한다. 이러한 목적론은 인간을 비롯한 모든 존재자들이 자신들에게 주어져 있는 본질적인 형상을 실현하는 것을 목표한다고 보는 본질실현의 목적론이다. 이러한 본질실현의 목적론은 근대에서 지배적인 영향력을 행사했던 자기보존의 목적론과는 달리 모든 존재자들은 단순한 자기보존이나 종족번식을 넘어서 자신에게 부여된 본질적인 형상을 구현하는 것을 목표한다고 본다. 본 연구는 인간의 행복은 이러한 본질실현의 목적론을 전제로 할 경우에만 제대로 구명될 수 있다고 보면서, 이러한 사실을 본질실현의 목적론에 입각하여 인간을 파악했던 가장 대표적인 사상가인 아리스토텔레스와 에리히 프롬의 행복관을 고찰함으로써 입증하고자 했다. N2 - This research aims to inquire into the issue of happiness on the basis of the teleology that dominated the history of the Western philosophy from Plato to Hegel. According to this teleology, all beings try to realize their essential forms given by the nature. I think that the happiness of the human beings can be brought to light well only if we presuppose the teleology. This research sought to prove this thought by considering the most representative thinkers, Aristotle and Erich Fromm that investigated the human beings on the basis of teleology. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shchelokova, Yu. V. T1 - Human Being in Erich Fromm’s Interpretation JF - Психология и Психотехника [Psychology and Psychotechnics], Vol. 35, No. 8 (2011), pp. 8-17. [ISSN 2454-0722] N2 - имя Эриха Фромма давно уже стало знаковым. Он олицетворяет целую эпоху, которая противостояла тоталитаризму и раболепию, пытаясь придать социальной истории гуманистическое измерение. Популярность Фромма во всем мире и влияние его идей на современное сознание значительны. За последние годы работ о Фромме выпущено немало. Они в основном характеризуют американского исследователя как одного из видных представителей гуманистической психологии. В данном случае автор пытается включить Фромма в летопись философской антропологии. N2 - Erich Fromm’s name has become symbolic long time ago. He represents a whole epoch that opposed to totalitarianism and servility and tried to add humanistic dimension to the social history. Fromm is popular all over the world and his ideas influence the modern consciousness greatly. Many works about Fromm have been published recently. These works mostly describe him as one of the brightest figures in humanistic psychology. The author of this article tries to view Fromm’s ideas from the point of view of philosophical anthropology. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trümmers, Britta T1 - Freiheit und Sachzwang in der modernen Gesellschaft. Zu den Theorien von Erich Fromm, Amartya Sen und Ulrich Thielemann, Bacherlorarbeit, Fachbereich Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften, Fachhochschule Düsseldorf, Grin Verlag 2011, 65 pp. N2 - In dieser Arbeit sollen anhand des Freiheitsbegriffes die Zwänge der modernen Gesellschaften beschrieben werden. Da der Begriff der Freiheit ein weitläufiges Themenspektrum umfasst, beschränkt sie sich auf die Theorien von Erich Fromm, Amartya Sen und Ulrich Thielemann. In ihren Überlegungen beschäftigt sich die Autorin mit verschiedenen Anknüpfungspunkten zum Freiheitsbegriff, hierbei stehen die Wirkungsweisen menschlichen Handelns im Vordergrund. Insbesondere soll die Freiheit in der modernen Gesellschaft, im Hinblick auf die wirtschaftlichen Bedingungen und den sich daraus ergebenden Sachzwängen beleuchtet werden. Dazu beschreibt die Autorin zu Beginn die Charakteristiken einer modernen Gesellschaft, um ein grundlegendes Verständnis zu schaffen, auf welchen Gesellschaftstyp sich die folgenden Überlegungen beziehen. Nach einer allgemeinen Betrachtung des Freiheitsbegriffs soll die Freiheit in der modernen Gesellschaft behandelt werden, und zwar wie jene Freiheit unter den Bedingungen wirtschaftlicher und politischer Einflüsse zu betrachten ist. Aus diesen Einflüssen ergeben sich Konsequenzen, die sowohl die äußere wie auch die innere Freiheit beeinträchtigen. Welche Positionen die Politik, unter den Bedingungen der freien Marktwirtschaft einnimmt, wird anschließend thematisiert. Im anschließenden Teil der Arbeit beschäftigt sich die Autorin zunächst mit dem Begriff Sachzwang, um nachfolgend die Instanzlosigkeit der Marktwirtschaft zu verdeutlichen. Aus dieser Instanzlosigkeit resultiert eine veränderte Wahrnehmung, welche den Sachzwang als natürliche Gegebenheit erscheinen lässt, doch in Wahrheit stehen Personen beziehungsweise Personenkreise hinter den Sachzwängen, welche es zu identifizieren gilt. Aus all den Verknüpfungen ergibt sich dann die allgemeine Frage nach der Lebensqualität in der Zwangslage und nach den wahrhaftigen Bedürfnissen der Menschen. Die Problemlösungen als Ausblick sollen vor allem den Bogen zur Freiheit zurückspannen, denn nachdem der Begriff der Freiheit zu Beginn viele Fragen aufwirft, scheint abschließend die Freiheit auch diese Fragen beantworten zu wollen. [Eurobuch.com] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ratner, Carl A1 - El-Badwi, El-Sayed T1 - A Cultural Psychological Theory of Mental Illness, Supported by Research in Saudi Arabia JF - Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, Vol. 20, No. 3-4 (2011), pp. 217-274, [Online ISSN 1573-658X] [doi.org/10.1179/105307811805472710] N2 - This article proposes a theory of psychological disturbance (mental illness) as a cultural phenomenon. The theory is based on – and extends – the general cultural psychological theory of Vygotsky, Luria, and Leontiev, as well as the specific social approach to psychopathy of Fromm, Foucault, Laing, and Rieber. We demonstrate that the psychodynamics of individual disturbances are shaped by normative, macro cultural factors, such as gender norms, religious doctrine, family structure, architecture, and clothing. We illustrate this cultural psychological analysis of individual psychology with a case study of a 25 year old Saudi obsessive compulsive patient in Riyadh backed by 50 interviews with students about family relations in Saudi Arabia. We discuss the therapeutic and political implications of our cultural theory of psychological disturbance. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wasyluk, Pjotr T1 - Człowiek i sacrum: Ericha Fromma koncepcja religii humanistycznej [Man and the Sacred: Erich Fromm's Concept of Humanistic Religion] JF - Szkice Humanistyczne (Olsztyn), Vol. 11, No. 1/2 (2011), pp. 33-48. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Liping T1 - Negative News and Emotional Management: A New Problem of Government Management [负面新闻与情绪管理:政府管理的一个新问题] JF - Democracy and Science, No. 5 (2011), pp. 52-56. N2 - 早在五十多年前,美国心理学家弗洛姆就提出,现代社会是焦虑的时代;同时,他还将这种焦虑的产生归因于人们缺乏自我感,是人们寻求社会认同过程中发生异化的结果——因为>我是你所希望的我<,我就不是我了。今天,作为现代社会病症的焦虑情绪仍然在蔓延,但焦虑的产生却有着更为复杂的原因,从而使社会呈现复杂的心理结构和心理。 N2 - More than fifty years ago, the American psychologist Fromm suggested that modern society is the age of anxiety; at the same time, he also attributed this anxiety to the lack of people's sense of self, the result of alienation in the process of seeking social identity – because >I am what you want me to be<, I am not me anymore. Today, anxiety as a disease of modern society is still spreading, but it has a more complex cause, which makes society present a complex psychological structure and psychological. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023, M.Z.] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Liyin T1 - The Marxist Viewpoint of the Frankfurt School [法兰克福学派的马克思主义观] JF - Marxist Philosophical Research [马克思主义哲学研究], No. 00 (2011), pp. 224-235. N2 - 在马克思主义批判理论的宏旨下,法兰克福学派从多种视角出发继承和发展了马克思主义。霍克海默将其理论阐明为一种>批判理论<;阿多诺提出了以连续否定为核心的否定辨证法;马尔库塞先后将海德格尔、黑格尔、弗洛伊德与马克思的思想结合起来,对当代资本主义社会以及苏联马克思主义进行了有力的批判;弗洛姆将马克思主义视为一种人学,将其与精神分析学结合起来提出了>社会性格<等新范畴,并力图以此揭示经济基础和上层建筑相互作用的微观机制;哈贝马斯在批判吸收历史唯物主义的基础上,运用其交往理论的解释框架提出了以主体间的互动为社会发展基本动力的理论。 N2 - Under the grand purpose of Marxist critical theory, the Frankfurt School inherited and developed Marxism from various perspectives. Horkheimer's theory was articulated as a >Critical theory<; Adorno put forward a discursive method of negation with continuous negation as the core; Marcuse combined the ideas of Heidegger, Hegel, Freud and Marx to make a powerful critique of contemporary capitalist society and Soviet Marxism; Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to put forward new categories such as >social character<. Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to propose new categories such as >social character< and tried to reveal the micro mechanisms of the interaction between the economic base and the superstructure; Habermas, based on the critical absorption of historical materialism, used the explanatory framework of his interaction theory to put forward the theory of the interaction between subjects as the basic driving force of social development. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2011 ER -