TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Jia T1 - Destructive People and Root Analysis. Research on Fromm’s Theory of Destructivity [人的破坏性及其根源分析 - 弗洛姆的人的破坏性理论研究], Master thesis, Foreign Marxism Research, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2011. N2 - In human civilization, with high-quality, high speed of development, who also become more prominent and damaging exposure. Competing social interests of stakeholders in the pursuit of material wealth, and when to ignore the sound development of the individual, making the development human civilization should be homeopathic turn to reverse, the development of severe destructive behavior among groups or individuals, which led to uneven development between human and society. Article on the basis of the theory of human destructive, by the famous humanist scholar Erich Fromm, explained the root causes of destructive persons, with the comparison on the human comprehensive development of Marist theory, and discuss how to pay more attention to people’s development, finally making harmony of development between human and society. N2 - 随着自在世界的逐步发展,生产劳动促进了人类社会发生与发展,商品经济的出现,拉开了人类由低级社会形态向高级社会形态逐渐转化的序幕。随着私有财产和私有制的产生,人类进入资本主义时代,在一定程度上,资本主义的发展促进了国家经济、政治、文化等方面的发展;然而,随着国家的深入发展,资本主义制度的弊端日渐暴露,统治阶级打着>民主、人权、自由<的幌子,蛊惑人心,只是为了维护自身的统治地位和阶级利益,并非为了人的生存和发展。在>病态的<社会体制的荼毒下,一切社会行为和社会关系发生异化,尤其是人的异化造成了极其严重的后果和影响。人的畸形发展,摧残了人的个性,使人迷失自我而沦为物,引发了人的破坏性;自由资本主义向垄断资本主义的过渡,加剧了国家政治经济发展的不平衡,法西斯主义的野蛮统治、血腥镇压,激化了国家的内部矛盾和外部矛盾,导致民族运动、革命战争的频繁爆发,这一切促使人的破坏性迅速扩张;与此同时,随着社会科技的发展,人改造客观世界的能力增强,获得越来越多的自由,然而,伴随自由而来的孤立感、孤独感和无能感,使人产生对自由的恐惧,试图通过不健康的方式发泄不满,同样加剧了人的破坏性,阻碍了人的发展。在现阶段,人类文明高质量、高速度发展的形势下,社会利益主体在追求竞争利益和物质富足时,忽视了人的健全发展,使人的破坏性没有消亡反而日益膨胀,严重阻碍了人类社会的和谐发展。本文以著名人文主义学者埃里希•弗洛姆的人的破坏性学说为研究基点,阐述了人的破坏性产生的社会根源,通过对典型案例的剖析,阐明了人的破坏性给人与社会造成的严重后果,并结合马克思主义关于>人的全面发展<学说,论述了降低人的破坏性和实现人的全面发展的措施和途径,力求达到人与社会发展的和谐统一。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Ning T1 - Fromm’s Idea of Escape from Freedom and Its Reflection [弗洛姆逃避自由的思想及其反思] JF - Social Sciences (New Theory Edition) [社科纵横(新理论版)], No. 1 (2011), pp. 162-164. N2 - 及逃避自由的途径,并认为自发性的活动—爱和工作是实现积极自由的途径。 弗洛姆认为现代社会中的人不是在追求自由,而是在逃避自由,在《逃避自由》一书中弗洛姆深刻的解读了现代社会中的人逃避自由的根源以 N2 - […] and ways to escape from freedom, and that the spontaneous activity - love and work are the way to achieve positive freedom. Fromm argues that modern society people are not in the pursuit of freedom, but in the escape from freedom, in the >Escape from Freedom< a book Fromm profound interpretation of the modern society causes people to escape to freedom. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Pengfei T1 - An Analysis of the Alienation in Don DeLillo's >White Noise< [唐•德里罗《白噪音》中的异化现象分析], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China 2011 [Application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Don DeLillo is an American prominent post-modern novelist His novel, >White Noise<, published in 1985, is one of the most influential fictions in the 20th-century American literature. Owing to the publication of this book, DeLillo won the American Book Award in 1986. Since then, much attention and critical acclaim have rushed to this fiction. The critics and scholars have mainly discussed the novel from such perspectives as ecologism, consumerism, postmodernism, death, history, and so forth. Evidently, the contemporary America is an alienated post-modern society in the novel; however, few pay attention to such phenomenon of alienation in White Noise. This thesis, based on the theory of alienation developed by the western Marxists including Lukacs, Fromm and Marcuse and post-modern theorist Baudrillard, attempts to analyze the phenomenon of alienation from the two perspectives of consumption and technology in >White Noise<. Through the analysis, the thesis reveals further that the postmodern people in the novel have to be confronted with various survival crises in the double alienation of consumption and technology. The thesis consists of six parts: the introduction, four chapters and the conclusion. The introduction briefly states the time background of the novel, the DeLillo's literary career, main works and achievements, and makes a comprehensive literature review on White Noise from both at home and abroad and hence the significance of the study is pointed out.– Chapter One reviews the origin of alienation and Marx's theory of alienation, and then systematically introduces the main ideas about alienation after Marx, which are the theoretic foundation of the whole research.– Chapter Two analyzes the alienation of consumption in the novel, which is mainly embodied in the phenomenon of reification, the process and result of consumption.– Chapter Three deals with the alienation of technology, including the permeation of technology in people's daily life, the manipulation of technological media over humans and the abusing of new technology.– Chapter Four explores the consequences of alienation, that is, the humans' survival crisis in face of alienation: Jack and Babette's endless fear and anxiety, people's lonely and aimless state of life and the numbness of human emotion and rationality.– The conclusion part points out that DeLillo's criticism of contemporary American society is indeed valuable, and then emphasizes the main ideas and arguments of the thesis, revealing that the desperate and hopeless ending of the novel is an indication to the continuing of alienation and human suffering. Finally, it states the realistic significance of the study. The research on the alienation can also serve as a good warning for China in developing its economy and society. N2 - 《白噪音》是20世纪美国文学中有重要影响的小说之一,发表于1985年。这部小说的发表为作者唐•德里罗赢得了1986年美国全国图书奖。此后该作品一直得到学者和专家的广泛关注和诸多评论,他们分别从不同视角来解读这部作品,这些视角主要有生态批评、消费主义、后现代理论、死亡主题等。小说中描写的当代美国社会是一个异化的后现代社会,然而,涉及《白噪音》中异化现象分析的评论却并不多。本文用西方马克思主义理论家包括卢卡奇、弗洛姆和马尔库塞等人的异化理论,从消费和科技两个视角来深入分析《白噪音》中的异化现象。在此基础上,揭示了小说中后现代人们在消费和科技双重异化下,面临种种的生存危机。本文分为六个部分。引言简要介绍了小说的时代背景,作者德里罗的创作经历,主要作品和成就。并将国内外对这部小说的相关研究做了总结和概述。在此基础上,提出了本文的研究意义。第一章首先回顾了异化的起源和马克思的异化理论,然后系统地介绍了马克思之后异化理论的主要发展,从而为本文的分析奠定了基础。第二章主要分析了小说中的消费异化现象,它主要体现在物化、强迫性消费和符号消费等方面。第三章论述了小说中的科技异化现象,主要涉及科技不断渗透进人们的日常生活,科技媒体对人们的操纵和控制不断加剧以及新科技的滥用。第四章探讨了小说中反映出来的异化后果,也是面对异化后现代人的生存危机。主要包括杰克和芭比特无法摆脱的死亡恐惧和焦虑,人们孤独和漫无目的的生活状态以及后现代人感情和理性的麻木。结语部分指出德里罗在《白噪音》中,对当代美国社会的批评具有重要的意义,并再次强调了本文的主要观点,并揭示出小说让人绝望的结尾暗示着异化及其带来的痛苦还在继续。最后进一步点明本文的现实意义:小说中异化现象的分析对中国目前正在进行的经济和社会改革有一定的警示作用。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duan, Dan T1 - The Possibility of Overcoming Existential Isolation – Analysis of >The Magus< from an Existential Psychoanalytical Perspective [克服存在孤独的可能性 - 对《巫术师》的存在主义心理分析], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, School of Foreign Languages, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2011, 62 pp. [Application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - John Fowles, once nominated by Nobel Prize. Literature is one of the representatives of post-modern novelists. He has published six novels during his whole life. This paper is about his novel of The Magus. The Magus was Fowles's first written but second published novel. He wrote the original draft in the early 1950s, but he continued to rewrite and revise it for decades. Finally in 1978 Fowles published a revised edition of the novel, on which the author is based her discussion. Scholars in western countries have examined it from extensive approaches while researches at home lag behind. This paper intends to enrich the researches on The Magus in China. Existential Psychology is the third trend of modern psychology, which is developed under the influence of Existentialism. >Freedom and responsibility< is one of the key concepts of Existentialism and Existential Psychology. However, two other essentialist concepts, namely, >isolation and intimacy< and >meaningless and meaningness< are neglected by scholars. Therefore, this paper also intends to introduce another concept >isolation and intimacy< and adopt it to explore the behaviors of the literary character, Nicholas, in the fiction. The whole paper is divided into seven chapters.– The first chapter is the basic introduction of the British writer, John Fowles, including his life experiences and works and a brief summary of Fowles' fiction, The Magus. Next section is literature review on The Magus by scholars at home and abroad. It also enumerates the significance of the study and presents the general layout. The body of the dissertation is divided into three chapters.– Chapter two is an introduction to existential psychology and psychotherapy, the theoretical frame of this paper. Existential psychology and psychotherapy developed in the 1950s under the influence of Existentialism, which enlisted many gurus such as Erich Fromm, Alfred Adler, Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow, Karen Horney. The three essential concepts are freedom vs. responsibility, isolation vs. intimacy and meaning vs. meaninglessness. In this paper the author adopts the theories of Erich Fromm and Irvin D. Yasom to explore how isolation and intimacy is reflected in The Magus.– Chapter three is entitled >Nicholas' Existential Isolation from the World<. His isolation is interpersonal, which refers to his being isolated from his own parents, his colleagues and the women he met, and this isolation can also be interpreted as intrapersonal isolation from his middle-class culture, and from the person he is. Facing absolute freedom is the cause of isolation, which in turn is the reason of his anxiety. In order to overcome isolation, he has lots of affairs with girls. Frustrated by his unsatisfying situation of his work and relationship with women, Nicholas flew from Britain to Greek to experience a different culture.– Chapter four deals with Conchis's procedures of Existential Therapies on Nicholas in Greek. He first introduces Nicholas into his villa where he gathers information about Nicholas through talking and observing. Then he shows Nicholas's shortcomings through a beautiful actress, Julie. At the same time, Conchis teaches lessons through his stories. At last, he announces the results of experiments and sentences Nicholas for his wrong deeds. Then they abandon Nicholas who has to return to London. Lily, who is Conchis's co-analyst and Julie's mother, helps him to understand the essence of experiments there.– Chapter five is concerned with Nicholas's life when he is back to London. Nicholas has learned and gained much lessons from Conchis's experiments. He has known what he did to others and himself was totally wrong. Sexual affairs are the wrong way to overcome isolation and only a stable mature love relationship heals. Through acquiring >family< with Kemp, having friendship with Jojo, a young girl and reuniting with Alison, Nicholas achieved intimacy with others and himself. Stable relationship is essential to overcoming isolation.– The last chapter is the conclusion which offers a brief summary of the major arguments of the dissertation. N2 - 约翰•福尔斯是20世纪著名的英国当代小说家,是英国后现代小说的代表人物。他在1999年曾经获得诺贝尔奖提名。他一生共发表了六部长篇小说:《收藏家》、《巫术师》、《法国中尉的女人》、《丹尼尔•马丁》、《尾数》和《幻想》。他的前三部小说不仅畅销并且多次被搬上银幕。本文作者研究的是福尔斯于1977年发表的《巫术师》修订版。尽管此书是福尔斯真正意义上的第一部作品,但是作者在1966年,在他的另一部小说《收藏家》大获成功三年之后,才将其发表。此后作者又不断地对其进行修改,删减与润色不下十次。福尔斯本人认为此书是他个人最喜欢的作品也是唯一一部他会再三阅读的作品。此书在国外的学术界受到一定的重视,但是在国内却乏人问津。本论文的研究意义之一就是填补国内对于福尔斯此部小说的研究空白。当今学者们对于弗洛伊德的精神分析法和荣格的心理模式曾经一度很青睐,而对于经典精神分析之后发展起来的人本主义心理学与存在主义心理学等则鲜有提及。而这些心理学理论也多用来分析现实生活中的比如青少年和儿童的焦虑问题,很少有人拿这些理论来分析文学作品。本论文将存在主义心理学与文学作品联系起来,运用此理论来扩大或者加深人们对于福尔斯的《巫术师》的理解。本文分为六章。第一章介绍英国当代作家约翰•福尔斯及其作品的研究。本章概述福尔斯的学术地位、并简要介绍作品内容,最后综述国内外学者对于《巫术师》的介绍和研究现状。第二章简述存在主义心理学及其存在主义心理治疗的方法,并解释其中的基本概念。存在主义心理学是在二十世纪五六十年代受存在主义哲学的影响发展起来的心理学流派。代表人物是罗洛•梅,伯根塔尔和亚隆。核心概念是:自由与责任、存在的孤独与亲密,以及生活的有意义与无意义。本文作者主要参照亚隆的理论,而主要关注的是其中的第二对核心概念,即存在孤独与亲密。第三到五章分成三个阶段来分析《巫术师》的男主人公尼古拉斯,一个对存在孤独感受强烈并通过错误的方法来对抗它的青年,如何在康奇斯,存在主义心理治疗师的引导下通过与他人建立起亲密关系来摆脱存在孤独感。第三章考察了尼古拉斯在接受心理治疗前的生活状态。他的存在孤独来源于两个方面,人际孤独与自我孤独。人际孤独指的是个体与他人产生时间和空间上的分离而体会到的寂寞,在福尔斯的作品中则具体表现为尼古拉斯与自己的父母,同学与同事,还有交往中的女性的思想上的分离。而自我孤独则是指个体在心理上将自己分割。尼古拉斯在生活中一直扮演着双重角色,他内心抵制但是表面上又附和着中产阶级价值观,而他在自我身份的追寻过程中经历的失败又让他深感痛苦。因此他感受到了个体与世界的分离,也就是存在孤独。他试图也一直通过与女性建立性关系来摆脱孤独感,这种错误的方式注定是没有出路的,因此他为了摆脱现状前往希腊。第四章分析了希腊的巫术师,康奇斯,对尼古拉斯的整个治疗过程。他首先与尼古建立起信任关系并收集信息。然后康奇斯引入女演员朱莉,朱莉扮演了尼古拉斯的理想女性,她对尼古拉斯的虚情假意实际上是尼古拉斯对其它女性的自私心理的反应。与此同时,康奇斯通过讲述一系列的故事向尼古拉斯揭示出,通过对物的占有或者与其它团体的融合并不能帮助人们摆脱存在孤独感。最后康奇斯宣布了对尼古的治疗结果并对其进行了审判。第五章考察了尼古拉斯回到英国后的生活,展示并分析他在与他人建立亲密关系的基础上克服了存在孤独的旅程。他在康奇斯的另一个同事,莉莉的帮助下认清了在希腊上演的神戏的真正目的并开始与他人建立起亲密关系。首先与房东肯普建立起了象征意义上的母子关系,然后与年轻女性娇娇始终保持着单纯朋友关系,之后他明白了爱的真谛耐心等待前女友艾莉森的回归并打算向其求婚。在自我孤独方面,他开始与中产阶级的文化妥协,认识到自己性格的不完美开始改善这些不完美。最后一章是结论。在这一章本文作者重申论点并重点指出本研究方法的独特之处以及可以达到的效果或作用。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gao, Tingting T1 - Fromm’s >The Art of Loving< – Inspiration for the Love Education of College Students [弗洛姆《爱的艺术》对高校大学生爱情观教育的启示] JF - Science & Technology Information [科技信息], No. 23 (2011), pp. 550, 571. N2 - 当代大学校园的爱情教育已经成为高校思想政治教育工作的一个新重点,弗洛姆《爱的艺术》一书对高校思想政治工作者如何引导帮助大学生认识爱情,端正对待爱情的态度,从而建立起一个健康向上的爱情观具有一定的启示意义。 N2 - Love of the contemporary university campus education has become a new focus of ideological and political education, Fromm >The Art of Loving< Ideological and political workers how to guide to help college students know love, correct treatment of love attitude, in order to establish a healthy and progressive concept of love has a certain significance. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gbur, Nina A1 - Stoner, Robert T1 - >Jugend für Jugend<. Die Projekttage im >Netzwerk für Demokratie und Courage Baden-Württemberg< JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 149-157. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Godel-Gaßner, Rosemarie T1 - Lehrerinnen im Nationalsozialismus JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 49-60. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Giovannini, Norbert T1 - Herr und Frau Courage. Über die pädagogische Bedeutung >kleiner Gesten< und solidarischen Handelns und ein Rückblick auf Zivilcourage im Umgang mit verfolgten Heidelberger Juden JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 31-45. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dong, Gaowei T1 - Fromm’s Sociological Thought [弗洛姆哲学视域下的社会学思想] JF - Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology [长春理工大学学报], No. 7 (2011), pp. 42-43. N2 - 弗洛姆是当代著名的精神分析学家、社会学家和哲学家,他以哲学的视域对西方资本主义社会的现状进行考察,从人性异化的基础得出当代西方资本主义社会病态的结论,并提出一些有建设性的意见。在此就弗洛姆对人性、社会以及健全社会与人三方面的思考进行简述,以期对中国当下的社会建设有所启发。 N2 - Fromm the famous contemporary psychoanalysis scientist, sociologist and philoso¬pher, the sight of his philosophy to inspect the status of the Western capitalist society, contemporary western capital on the basis of alienation of humanity morbid conclusion of the society, and make some constructive comments. This Fromm aspects of human nature, society, and improve the social with people thinking briefly, in order to inspire the construction of China's current social. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dong, Qiqi T1 - Three Kinds of Man – Erich Fromm's Perspective and Reflection on Existential Circumstances of Man [三种人——弗洛姆对人的生存境遇的观照与反思] JF - Journal of Shanxi University (Philosophy and Social Science Edition) [山西大学学报(哲学社会科学版)], No. 4 (2011), pp. 22-26. N2 - Erich Fromm is one of the members of the first generation of Frankfurt School, and has systematically researched the psychological mechanism and character structure of the modern man, in order to find the correct route and way to solve the problem of mental alienation. With the theme of the manner of human existence, Fromm reviewed the human civilization history, and simultaneously carried out the practice of modernity criticism centering on vagueness of the freedom and the paradox choice invited by it. In Fromm’s opinion, though the strongly fortified social structure in the Middle Ages interfered with freedom of man, it offered individuals the safe ground; Since the Renaissance germinated, the subjective consci-ousness awakened, and the homeless lonely mood increased with it, with the result that psychological mechanism of escaping freedom finally formed; but it does not follow that one’s life is hopeless. On the contrary, the sane man which Fromm has shaped brings the light for the human development in the future. Around the key words >The man of the Middle Ages<, >The modern man<, >the sane man<, the paper aims at deeply exploring the humanism spirit of Fromm’s thought. N2 - 弗洛姆作为法兰克福学派第一代成员,对现代人的心理机制和性格结构进行过系统研究,旨在找寻正确的路径与方法来解决精神异化问题。弗洛姆以>人的生存方式<为主题回顾了人类文明历程,同时围绕>自由<的暧昧性及其引发的悖论选择,开展现代性批判实践。弗洛姆认为中世纪壁垒森严的社会结构虽然妨碍了个人的自由,但却赋予其安身立命的根基;文艺复兴萌芽以来,主体意识觉醒,无家可归的孤独情绪随之递增,导致逃避自由的心理机制最终形成;而这一切并不意味着人生无所希冀,其塑造的健全的人又为人类后续发展带来了光明。文章以>中世纪的人<、>现代人<、>健全的人<三个术语为关键词,旨在深入发掘弗洛姆思想中的人本主义精神。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du, Liyan T1 - Fromm’s Understanding of Humanity [弗洛姆拷问人性:人健全吗?] JF - Journal of Yunnan University (Social Sciences Edition) [云南大学学报(社会科学版) ], No. 5 (2011), pp. 27-32, 95. N2 - Like Marxism and Freudism, Fromm pays attention to complete humanity and tries to integrate Marxism with Freudism. He inquiries into the nature of humanity, and its good and bad elements, which shows his reflections on Christianity and reveals the key features of his philosophy. N2 - 关注健全的人性既是马克思主义,也是弗洛伊德主义关注的问题;力求将马克思主义与弗洛伊德主义相结合的弗洛姆,同样关注健全的人性问题。弗洛姆拷问人性,从询问什么是人性开始,并由此展开对人性善与人性恶的质询。而弗洛姆对人性善与恶的讨论,是建立在对基督教信仰进行反思的基础上,这是弗洛姆哲学的重要特征。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deng, Zhiwei T1 - On Erich Fromm's Humanistic Ethical Thoughts of Religion [浅析E.弗洛姆人道主义宗教思想] JF - Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology (Social Sciences) [ 中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版) ], No. 4, 2011), pp. 12-15. N2 - Erich Fromm is one of the most famous contemporary humanistic ethicists. His neo-humanistic ethics established through synthesizing Karl Marx’s macroscopic social theory and Sigmund Freud’s microscopic psychoanalysis takes a unique position in the development of western ethics. An important part of Erich Fromm’s humanistic ethics is his humanistic ethical thoughts of religion. Fromm explores root and definition of the religion based on the spirit needs of the people, and clarifies two kinds of connotations in the concept of religion, discloses the harm on the people by alienation of modern religion, and explores actively the way to build the humanistic religion. There are distinctive value of theory and reality and obvious limitations in his ethical thoughts of religion. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bai, Xuehui A1 - Bu, Shu T1 - Fromm’s Alienation Theory and Probing the Way of the Discard Alienation for Human Being [弗洛姆的异化理论及其对人的异化扬弃途径的探索] JF - Journal of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities (Social Sciences) [内蒙古民族大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 1 (2011), pp. 80-83. N2 - After human being coming into the 20th century, alienation problem that always talking about by Marx doesn’t be weaken, it assumes intense trend on the other hand, that is the total alienation between human and society. How to treat the phenomenon of total Alienation between human and society in modern society? Does alienation can be eliminated or discarded? Fromm’s answer is a representative during many scholars’ thinking undoubtedly. Although he has been dead for many years, his thought still has learning value and theoretical and practical significance as we see today. Thus, this article will induce the clues of Fromm’s alienation theory, propose the alienation problem again. N2 - 人类进入20世纪以后,马克思所谈论的异化问题不是削弱了,反而是呈现出了强化的趋势,即人与社会的全面异化。如何看待现代社会的这种人与社会全面异化的现象?异化能否消除或扬弃?在众多学者的思考中,弗洛姆的回答无疑具有代表性。虽然他已去世多年,但他的思想在我们今天看来,仍具有借鉴价值和理论及现实意义。即本文拟通过梳理弗洛姆异化理论的线索,再次提出异化问题的时代性问题。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bao, Junxiao T1 - Idolatry and the Alienation of the People [偶像崇拜与人的异化] JF - Theory Horizon [理论界], No. 9 (2011), pp. 84-86. N2 - 偶像崇拜现象一直贯穿着人类的历史,只是在不同的社会历史阶段表现为不同的形式和内容。不同时期对于偶像崇拜的表现也和人类的历史发展是紧紧相联系在一起的,正如弗洛姆在《马克思关于人的概念》中提到的那样:>整个异化概念在旧约的偶像崇拜概念中得到了它在西方思想中的头一个表现。<〔1〕对于现代人来说,偶像崇拜没有完结,而是恰恰相反,以更为特殊的方式反映着人的异化程度的加深。 N2 - Idol worship phenomenon has been throughout the history of mankind, just in different social and historical stage performance for different forms and content. Different periods for the performance of idolatry and the development of human history is closely linked with, as Fromm mentioned the concept of >Marx<: >The whole concept of alienation idol worship in the Old Testament, the concept got its first performance in Western thought<. [1] For the modern idolatry is not the end, but on the contrary, in a more special manner to reflect the degree of alienation deepened. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cai, Lingling T1 - Fromm's Theory of >Escape from Freedom< 弗洛姆>逃避自由<理论述评, Master thesis, Foreign Marxism Research, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2011. N2 - For thousands of years, human freedom has been a favorite topic of conversation, and a goal of pursuit. In the >war< of fighting for human freedom, human got the final victory, accessing to coveted freedom. However, with an increasing sense of individual freedom, the sense of powerlessness and loneliness are increasing, too. People are unable to endure loneliness and anxiety, so they began to escape from freedom. Why is there such a big contrast on people’s liberal attitude? Many western scholars had analyzed it and gave the answers. Among them, Erich Fromm with a special perspective of social psychology analyzes this historical phenomenon >Escape from Freedom< thoroughly. He brought forward the dual view of freedom, forming a distinctive >escape from freedom< ideology. This paper aims at carding Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< theory systematically, analyzing its ideological origins, historical background, the double meaning of freedom and the concept of a sound society deeply. At the end, this paper will make an objective and appropriate evaluation on his thought. N2 - 千百年来,自由一直是人类热衷的话题和孜孜以求的目标。人类在为自由而战的“战争”中,最终取得胜利,获得梦寐以求的自由。但随着个体自由感的增加,无能为力和孤独感也与日俱增,人们不堪忍受这种孤独和焦虑,开始逃避自由。为什么人们对自由的态度会出现如此大的反差?许多西方学者对此进行了分析并给出了答案。其中,埃里希•弗洛姆另辟蹊径,以社会心理学的角度为研究的切入点,对“逃避自由”这一历史现象进行透彻的分析,提出双重自由观,形成了富有特色的“逃避自由”思想。本文旨在对弗洛姆的“逃避自由”理论进行系统的梳理,深入分析其思想的理论渊源和历史背景、自由的双重涵义以及对健全社会的构想,最后对其思想做出客观、恰当的评价。 蔡晖 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cai, Xuemei T1 - The Solitary in the Loveless World – On Lucinda's Tragedy in >Lucinda Brayford< [无爱世界里的孤独者——《露辛达·布雷福特》中人物悲剧性解读] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Jiaxing University [嘉兴学院学报], No. 2 (2011), pp. 73-76. N2 - Lucinda Brayford, the heroine in the novel, is generally considered as a typical image of cultural foundling in the literature history of Australia, and a represents those who cannot fit themselves into the surroundings. Based on Fromm's theory related to love, the author interprets that Lucinda, without the ability to love the people around, lives in a loveless world, which leads her to the solitary and tragic life. N2 - 小说《露辛达•布雷福特》的女主人公露辛达被认为是澳大利亚文学史上典型的文化弃儿形象,并代表着一切无法适应环境的人们。文章以弗洛姆有关爱的理论为依据,分析了露辛达由于生活在一个无爱的世界里,得不到爱的 她,自身也缺乏爱的能力,两方面盘根错节,注定了她孤独和悲剧性的一生。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dammer, Karl-Heinz T1 - Was heißt Bürgermut heute? JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 121-129. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cui, Hairong T1 - The Human Needs Theory Interpretation – Fromm's Theory of Marx Need to Expand [人的需要的生存论解读 - 弗洛姆对马克思需要理论的拓展], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2011. N2 - Need is the intrinsic reason of human activities, and is the important research field historical materialism. The study to be rooted problems have never stop, And people felt more and more need for human thought and behavior and historical development in the role. One problem is the need which Marx lifelong attention important questions, attention to multiple needs, and seeks satisfying the people’s needs the realistic way, is engaged in practice and theory of Marxism and end-result of the campaign.– This paper is based on Marx in the text research needs to abundant connotations reveals need theory, and on this basis focuses on analyzing Fromm’s inherited Marx people need thoughts. For people who need to theory of research is Fromm’s living theory at the beginning of the connection to think, the Fromm’s began from the deep solicitude for human survival. Fromm’s theory of Marx’s inheritance and development needs help us to deeply understand the profound meaning of Marxist philosophy. In order to overcome the dissimilation, realize need to meet, finally realizes the person’s general liberation and overall human liberation provides a kind of rational thinking mode, to contemporary Chinese socialist construction also has profound implication and reference. N2 - 需要是人类行为活动的内在动因,是历史唯物论中的重要研究范畴。对需要问题的研究从古至今从来没有停止过,并且人们越来越感到需要对人类思想、行为及历史发展中的作用。人的需要问题是马克思毕生所关注的重要问题,关注人的多重需要,并寻求满足人的需要的现实途径,是马克思从事实践活动和理论活动的目的和归宿。本文正是立足于马克思对需要问题的文本研究上,揭示需要理论的丰富内涵,并在此基础上着重分析弗洛姆继承马克思关于人需要的思想,由此展开弗洛姆对人生存的深切关怀,对人需要理论的研究正是他生存论致思理路的开端。弗洛姆对马克思需要理论的继承和拓展,有助于我们深入了解马克思哲学的深刻意义,为克服需要的异化、实现需要的满足、最终实现人的总体解放和总体的人的解放提供了一种合理的思考模式,对当代中国的社会主义建设也有深刻的启发性和借鉴意义。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dai, Guanqing T1 - The Influence of Western Marxist Literary Theory on the Construction of Chinese Contemporary Literary Theory [西方马克思主义文论对中国当代文论建设的影响] JF - International Marxist Literary Theory and the Construction of Contemporary Chinese Literary Theory International Symposium, Annual Conference of Chinese and Foreign Literature Theory Society, June 20, 2011, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, in [Proceedings] Research on Sino-Foreign Literary & Arts Theories [中国中外文艺理论研究], No. 00 (2011), pp. 112-122. N2 - 崛起于20世纪20年代的西方马克思主义文论是一种富有时代特征的当代西方文艺和美学理论,以卢卡奇、葛兰西、马舍雷、戈德曼、伊格尔顿,以及西方马克思主义文论中最活跃的法兰克福学派中的本雅明、阿多诺、马尔库塞、弗洛姆和哈贝马斯等为代表的一批欧美理论家力图在新的历史条件下重新阐释、复兴、发展马克思主义,全面批判现代资本主义而形成的一种有别于经典马克思主义文艺学说的理论体系。尽管西方马克思主义文论的各个流派都承认社会历史、经济基础决定文学创作这个命题,但不同的是,他们关注的焦点更多的是文化和文艺学领域,>一个接一个的思想家在这个领域里以历史唯物主义前所未有的丰富想象力和严谨研究而名声显赫<。虽然西方 N2 - Rise in the 1920s Western Marxist Literary Theory is a rich period features and aesthetics of contemporary Western literary theory, Lukács, Gramsci, Ma Shelei, Goldman, Eagleton, and the West Marxist Literary Theory of the Frankfurt School, the most active of Benjamin, Adorno, Marcuse, Fromm and Habermas as the representatives of a number of European and American theorists sought in the new historical conditions, reinterpretation, revival, the development of Marxism, a comprehensive critique of modern capitalism, the formation of a Marxist literary theory is different from the classical theoretical system. Although Western Marxist Literary Theory various schools have recognized social history, economic base determines the literature of this proposition, but the difference is that they focus more of a cultural and literary science field, >one by one thinker in this field where historical materialism unprecedented imagination and rigorous research distinguished reputation.< While Western […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brumlik, Micha T1 - Pädagogische Reaktionen auf Antisemitismus. Dass Ausschwitz sich nie wiederhole JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 100-109. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Xiaohe T1 - Fromm’s >Productive Love< and Its Contemporary Educational Meaning [ 弗洛姆>生产性的爱<的当代教育意义] JF - Business Culture (First Half) [商业文化(上半月)], No. 6 (2011), pp. 268-269. N2 - 弗洛姆的情爱观的核心在于对>生产性的爱<的强调。只有这种爱才能摆脱人的孤独现状。这种爱有主动性和分享性两个基本特征,这种爱包含了关心、责任、尊重和认识四个基本要素。在建设和谐社会的今天,他所倡导的>生产性的爱<的情爱观对维持爱情、婚姻和家庭关系,培养儿童健全人格具有重要的教育意义。 N2 - Fromm Love core concept is that the emphasis on productive love. Only this love to get rid of the the lonely status quo. This kind of love that two fundamental characteristics of the initiative and share this love to include care, responsibility, respect and understanding of the four basic elements. Important educational significance in building a harmonious society, he advocated >productive love< the concept of maintaining love, marriage and family relationships, nurturing children healthy personality. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Carlsburg, Gerd-Bodo von A1 - Dammer, Karl-Heinz A1 - Wehr, Helmut T1 - Vorwort der Herausgeber T2 - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 7-9. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Carlsburg, Gerd-Bodo von ED - Dammer, Karl-Heinz ED - Wehr, Helmut T1 - >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, 2nd ed. 2012, 211 pp. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Crancini, Luigi T1 - Prefazione T2 - E. Fromm, Anatomia della struttività umana (Biblioteca della mente 16), Milano (Corriere della sera) 2011, pp. V-XVIII. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carlsburg, Gerd-Bodo von A1 - Wehr, Helmut T1 - Gewalt begegnen. Pädagogische Handlungsstrategien für Lehrer/innen JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 170-195 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carlsburg, Gerd-Bodo von A1 - Wehr, Helmut T1 - Anti-Gewalt-Trainingsprogramme für Schulen JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 196-205. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carlsburg, Gerd-Bodo von A1 - Möller, Martina T1 - Erziehung zur Zivilcourage. Ein Anspruch an die Pädagogik? JF - Carlsburg, G.-B. von, Dammer, K.-H., and Wehr, H. (Eds), >Hätte ich doch nicht weggeschaut!<. Zivilcourage früher und heute, Augsburg (Brigg Pädagogik Verlag) 2011, pp. 10-23. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Baiwen A1 - Li, Zhaoyou T1 - Erich Fromm's >New< Thought [埃里希·弗洛姆的>新人<思想探微] JF - Forward Position [前沿], No. 13 (2011), pp. 4-7. N2 - 弗洛姆认为,>新人<(新型社会生存者,下同)是新社会进步的基础和前提条件。新人是指冲出占有指向,发展生存指向的新生存者。他的新生存者或>新人<说虽然存在着抽象性和感官性的不足,但其中包藏的价值成分是我们这个社会进步所需的宝贵财富。取其精华,弃其糟粕,可为进一步研究社会的存在与发展带来裨益。 N2 - Fromm believes that the >new< (new social survival, the same below) is the basis and prerequisite of new social progress. New out of the possession point to development survival point of survival. His new survivors or >new< although there are abstract and sensory deficiencies, which concealed value content is a valuable asset for our social progress. Its essence, abandoned its dross, can be beneficial for the further study of the existence and development of society. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tan, Zhaojun T1 - An Inquiry into Fromm's Ethical Thought of >Escape from Freedom< [弗洛姆的>逃避自由<伦理思想研究], Master thesis, Ethics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2011. N2 - >Freedom< was the first value goal which the western bourgeois established the capitalist society, westerners was also true enjoyed freedom in capitalist society that any society couldn’t equate, but after the monopoly capitalism stage, the conflicts and defects which the capitalism itself unable to resolve, increasingly seriously exposed, the western capitalist society could not let the people who lived in enjoyed the freedom value, and thus >escape-from-freedom< in western capitalist society became a common phenomenon. Fromm’s >escape-from-freedom< ethics thought was brought out to reveal the reality in the western capitalist. Fromm’s >escape-from-freedom< thought is an ethics thought. By this thought, he not only revealed the disagreement morality of capitalist system, but also analyzed the space and the morality of >escape-from-freedom< of the westerners, and also showed its humanism tendency of philosophy. Fromm’s >escape-from-freedom< ethical thought had values that couldn’t ignore for us to know the dialectical relationship between >freedom< and >escape-from-freedom<, to know the current situation of the western capitalist society, to know how the nowadays Chinese society to publicize the values of freedom. N2 - >自由<是西方资产阶级为资本主义社会确立的首要价值目标,西方人也确实在资本主义社会享受到了以往任何社会都无法相提并论的自由,但进入垄断资本主义阶段之后,资本主义制度自身无法化解的矛盾和缺陷日益严重地暴露出来,西方资本主义社会并不能让生活在其中的人充分享受自由价值,>逃避自由<也因此而在西方资本主义社会成为一种普遍现象。弗洛姆“逃避自由”伦理思想就是针对西方资本主义社会的这一现实提出来的。弗洛姆的>逃避自由<思想是一种伦理思想。他借助于该思想揭露了资本主义制度的不合道德性,分析了西方人>逃避自由<的伦理空间和合道德性,并展现了其哲学思想中的人本主义倾向。弗洛姆提出的>逃避自由<伦理思想对我们认识>自由<与>逃避自由<辩证关系、认识西方资本主义社会的现状、认识当今中国社会如何张扬自由的价值等具有不容忽视的启示价值。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yin, Yin T1 - Study on the Theme of Love Lost – >Herzog<’s Humanity Alienation [爱的迷失——《赫索格》人性异化主题研究][application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Changzhou Institute of Technology (Social Science Edition) [常州工学院学报(社科版)], No. 5 (2011), pp. 38-41. N2 - 《赫索格》是索尔•贝娄的典范之作,受到了国内外学者的广泛关注。文章依据美国著名心理学家弗洛姆新精神分析文论中>生产性的爱<这一人学理论,从爱情、亲情与友情三个方面探讨贝娄小说《赫索格》中的人性异化问题,旨在了解贝娄通过描述异化反对异化,以及主人公在异化环境中如何发挥潜能,努力实施自我体验,进行自我拯救,追寻>存在真谛<的深刻内涵。 N2 - >Herzog< Saul Bellow, a model for the extensive attention by scholars at home and abroad. Articles based on humanity in the production of famous American psychologist Erich Fromm psychoanalytic literary theory >love< this theory, Bellow's novel Herzog to explore from the three aspects of love, affection and friendship >Alienation< Bellow, aimed at understanding by describing alienation against alienation, and the hero how to develop their potential in the alienation of the environment, efforts to implement the self-experience, self-rescue, search for the existence of the true meaning of the profound meaning of. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yu, Bo T1 - The Golden Notebook, >Freedom of Women<, Anna’s Dreams Interpretation [《金色笔记》中>自由女性<安娜梦的解析] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Era Literature (The Second Half) [时代文学(下半月)], No. 4 (2011), p. 149. N2 - 莱辛在《金色笔记》中花大量笔墨描写了女主人公安娜所做的各种各样的梦,本文综合运用美国当代心理学家、社会学家弗罗姆的理论对安娜的梦境进行解读。 N2 - Lessing >The Golden Notebook< spend a lot of ink describing variety of dream heroine Anna did this paper, the use of contemporary American psychologists, sociologists Fromm's theory of Anna dream interpretation. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yu, Xianghong T1 - An Analysis of the Alienation Theme in Mr. Sammler 's Planet, Master thesis [《塞姆勒先生的行星》中的异化主题分析], English Language and Literature, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China 2011 [Application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Saul Bellow is one of the greatest writers after the Second World War, and his works have attracted the attention of the world. Through the depiction of modern intellectuals, the works of Bellow reveal profoundly the spiritual crises existing in the contemporary western countries. The protagonists of Bellow never escape from the reality, but explore their spirits insistently. They courageously get to know themselves and learn to come to terms with the world. Readers will always find a ray of hope from the protagonists who are in dilemmas, loneliness and alienation. There are already scholars in China analyzing Bellow's Herzog from the perspective of alienation. But due to the scarcity of the studies on >Mr. Sammler's Planet< in China, there are still no scholars who analyze the novel from the perspective of alienation. In the reading of the novel, the thesis writer recognizes the theme of alienation in the novel. The thesis provides a new-perspective for the analysis of the novel Saul Bellow is one of the greatest writers after the Second World War, and his works have attracted the attention of the world. Through the depiction of modern intellectuals, the works of Bellow reveal profoundly the spiritual crises existing in the contemporary western countries. The protagonists of Bellow never escape from the reality, but explore their spirits insistently. They courageously get to know themselves and learn to come to terms with the world. Readers will always find a ray of hope from the protagonists who are in dilemmas, loneliness and alienation.– There are already scholars in China analyzing Bellow's Herzog from the perspective of alienation. But due to the scarcity of the studies on >Mr. Sammler's Planet< in China, there are still no scholars who analyze the novel from the perspective of alienation. In the reading of the novel, the thesis writer recognizes the theme of alienation in the novel. Through the application of Marx and Fromm's theories on alienation to the analysis of the alienation in characters like Mr. Sammler, Wallace, Angela and Shula, the thesis exposes the living conditions of intellectuals and the social realities of the 1960s. The thesis provides a new perspective for the analysis of the novel. N2 - 索尔•贝娄是第二次世界大战后美国最伟大的作家之一,其作品受到广泛的关注。通过对当代知识分子的描写,贝娄的作品深刻地揭露了当代西方国家普遍存在的精神危机。贝娄的主人公从不逃避现实,而是不断进行精神探索,勇于认识自我,并学会如何与现实世界相处。读者总是能在处于困境、孤独及异化状态中的主人公身上看到希望。已有学者从异化角度出发解读贝娄的《赫索格》,但是国内对《塞姆勒先生的行星》一书的研究比较少,目前还没有学者从异化的角度来解读本书。笔者通过阅读发现《塞姆勒先生的行星》中表现出来的异化主题。本文运用马克思和弗洛姆的异化理论,通过对塞姆勒先生、华莱士、安吉拉和秀拉异化分析,揭示了二十世纪六十年代知识分子的生存状态及社会现实。本文为该小说的研究提供了一个新的视角。索尔•贝娄是第二次世界大战后美国最伟大的作家之一,其作品受到广泛的关注。通过对当代知识分子的描写,贝娄的作品深刻地揭露了当代西方国家普遍存在的精神危机。贝娄的主人公从不逃避现实,而是不断进行精神探索,勇于认识自我,并学会如何与现实世界相处。读者总是能在处于困境、孤独及异化状态中的主人公身上看到希望。已有学者从异化角度出发解读贝娄的《赫索格》,但是国内对《塞姆勒先生的行星》一书的研究比较少,目前还没有学者从异化的角度来解读本书。笔者通过阅读发现《塞姆勒先生的行星》中表现出来的异化主题。本文运用马克思和弗洛姆的异化理论,通过对塞姆勒先生、华莱士、安吉拉和秀拉异化分析,揭示了二十纪六十年代知识分子的生存状态及社会现实。本文为该小说的研究提供了一个新的视角。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yu, Xiaohui T1 - >The Art of Loving<: Cleanse the Soul with Love [《爱的艺术》:用爱涤荡心灵] JF - First Financial Daily [第一财经日报], Shanghai, August 12 (2011). N2 - 这本被誉为>爱的圣经<的小册子,55年来已被译成32种文字,在全世界畅销不衰。>弗洛姆是时代的精神先知,而不是人类梦想家,他的思想和地位在今后中国会变得越来越重要。<复旦大学哲学系教授陈学明在接受采访时说$$  天真的、孩童式的爱情遵循下列原则:>我爱,因为我? N2 - This is known as the >the Bible of the love< booklet, 55 years, has been translated into 32 languages and in the world, sold briskly. >Fromm is the spirit of the times the Prophet, rather than human dreamer, his thoughts and status in the future China will become increasingly important. Fudan University philosophy professor, said in an interview with Chen Xueming naive, child type of love to follow the following principles: >I love, because I […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yu, Xiaoxia T1 - Alienation and Reversion of Human Nature – Erich Fromm’s Interpretation of >Marx's Concept of Man< [ 人性的异化与复归——弗洛姆《马克思关于人的概念》解读] JF - Theory Horizon [理论界], No. 11 (2011), pp. 99-100. N2 - 人性和异化理论是>西方马克思主义<的一个重要组成部分。作为法兰克福学派的代表理论家,E.弗洛姆在《马克思关于人的概念》一书中主要通过阐释和深发马克思的1844年巴黎手稿来表述自己对于人性和异化问题的看法,启迪后人思考人类的出路与未来。 N2 - Human nature and theory of alienation is an important part of the >Western Marxism<. As representatives of the Frankfurt School theorists, E. Fromm book >Marx concept of Man<, mainly through the interpretation and Karl Marx's 1844 Paris Manuscripts to express their own views of human nature and alienation inspire future generations. Consider the way out and the future of mankind. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Bohai T1 - The Possibility to Choose Freedom – Modern Spirit of a Philosophical Problem [自由选择何以可能 - 现代人精神问题的一种哲学寻求], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2011. N2 - The new findings, the physical universe Odd though it sounds, substances are far away from the earth. The Entropy irreversible told us that the universe will eventually collapse British physicist Stephen Hawking facing environmental pollution Your s tendencies to think that much cleverer than it was one thousand years in the next 200 years could perish Natural disasters occurred frequently in 2010, according to statistics have 30 million people died from natural disasters. Various facts seems to be shown to us what, earth how? Once concern about the event, those foxconn employees jumped 80/90 of young man how they 14 even jump seems to be telling us, saying, how? Entropy worldview tells us that man alive is meaningless, the universe is ultimately towards eternal silence, the destiny of man is death. Human civilization will eventually destroyed. So we all the hard work was in vain, are bubble, are self-deceiving just. If we only by the individual's survival as value whether the judgment standard that is wrong. Human existence is the creation of the universe, the essence of man was created. People can't change die facts, also cannot change life. The significance of man lies in the creation of life activities. Each human being is different, but after entering society became the same person, this is how sad thing. Personality is the essence of the universe forever, the human has not been in other known planet found signs of life. Man is a character creation of the universe. Personality is the nature of the life, the home that did not individualize life has no life. People can't escape the personality, most only can deceive others, deceive not inner needs. Society at a certain extent suppresses the person's personality, the person's personality thought latent up became unconscious. We know the person's behavior is conscious behavior, when the behavior of people cannot reflect individual character, can only say that he's freedom may exist on his subconscious. Subconscious question is a complex problem. Freud to subconscious makes a thorough analysis, he thinks the subconscious is individual early sex oppression and traumatic memories. Jung proposed the collective unconscious theory. Fromm's speak social unconsciousness. They from different aspects elaborated subconscious and its influence on the individual. Modern industrial society brought prosperity is unprecedented, it seems that we also see the wonderful world of the future. But we cannot ignore the truth is the earth pollution, the consequences of mountain glaciers, large quantities of animal extinct. We asked again next victim who is it? The end result is human destruction. Death is inevitable, but suicide really can stop. Human suicide behavior from their way of life. The improvement of living standards brings many do not reduce needs, and the needs of the foundation is from natural resources supply. Earth's resources are limited and when one day these resources exhausted, humans do? Humans will not perish in the earth before perish. Human suicidal behavior from multiple individuals of suicides. Pursuing perfection is the person's ideal, but as people itself is not perfect, birth and death cannot be changed regularly. Nietzsche announced that god of death facts, humans have no religious beliefs, no spiritual home, they will be transferred to the survival significance on the body, the pursuit of physical stimulation became value pursuit. Sexual open independences is the AIDS epidemic, individual die from simple physical enjoyment. Modern society cannot avoid being human dissimilation, alienation brings a false sense of satisfaction. Those so-called work happiness is the product of the individual being deceived. Individual freedom is need spare time guarantee. Marx picture for us the communist society, morning, noon, afternoon fishing work painting. Actually mean people out of work the leisure time to develop their own other aspects of potential. Modern society than front is progressive, i.e. the leisure time should be longer. When British workers to push for eight hours of workday chartism today, at its results still retained. But some enterprise workers could not every day to do only eight hours of work. Consider the factory workers is free? It is character? Facing these problems, the paper made his own understanding, in order to solve these problems made philosophical thinking. N2 - 宇宙物理的新的发现,宇宙物质正在远离地球。熵的不可逆性告诉我们宇宙最终会坍缩。英国物理学家霍金面对环境污染悲观认为人类在200年后就可能灭亡。2010年自然灾害频繁发生,据统计有30万人死于自然灾害。种种的事实似乎在向我们说明着什么,地球怎么了?曾经一度引起人们关注的富士康员工跳楼事件,那些80、90的年轻人怎么了,他们14连跳,似乎在向我们说,人怎么了?熵的世界观告诉我们,人活着是没有意义的,宇宙最终是走向永恒的沉寂,人的命运只有死亡。人类的文明最终会毁灭。这样看来我们的所有的努力都是白费,都是泡影,只是自欺欺人而已。如果我们只是以个体的是否生存作为价值的判断标准那就错了。人的存在是宇宙的创造,人的本质是创造。人不能改变要死的事实,同样也不能改变生。人的意义在于生命活动的创造。每个人生来都是不同的,但是进入社会后却成了相同的人,这是多么悲哀的事情。个性是宇宙永恒的本质,人类至今没有在其他已知的星球发现生命的迹象。人就是宇宙的一种个性创造。个性就是人的生命本质,没有个性的生命没有生命。人不能逃避个性,最多只能欺骗别人,欺骗不了自己的内心需要。社会在一定程度上压抑了人的个性,人的个性的思想潜伏起来成为了潜意识。我们知道人的行为是有意识的行为,当人的行为不能体现个性的时候,只能说他的自由的可能存在于他的潜意识里。潜意识的问题是一个复杂的问题。弗洛伊德对潜意识作了深入的分析,他认为潜意识是个体早年的性压抑和创伤记忆。荣格提出了集体无意识的理论。弗洛姆讲社会无意识。他们从不同的方面来阐述潜意识及其对个人的影响。现代工业社会带来的繁荣是空前的,我们似乎也看到了未来的美好世界。但是我们不能忽视的真相是地球污染导致的后果,冰山融化,大批的动物灭绝。我们再问下个受害者是谁?最终的结果是人类的灭亡。死亡是不可逃避的,但自杀确实可以阻止的。人类的自杀式行为来自于他们的生活方式。生活水平的提高带来的是许多的不可降低的需要,而这些需要的基础是来自于自然资源的供给。地球的资源是有限的,当有一天这些资源耗尽时,人类该怎么办?人类会在地球未灭亡之前灭亡。人类的自杀行为来自于多个个体的自杀行为。追求完美是人的理想,但是作为人本身就不是完美的,生老病死是无法改变的规律。尼采宣布上帝死亡的事实,人类没有的宗教的信仰,没有了精神的家园,他们将生存的意义转移到了身体上,追求肉体的刺激成了价值的追求。性开放的恶果是艾滋病流行,个体死于单纯的肉体享受。现代社会不可避免是人的异化,异化带来的是虚假的满足。那些所谓的工作快乐是个体受欺骗的产物。个体的自由是需要闲暇时间的保证的。马克思为我们描绘的共产主义社会里,早上钓鱼,中午工作,下午画画。实际上是说人在工作之余有闲时间发展自己其他方面的潜能。现代社会比起前边是进步的,也就是说这种闲暇时间是应该更长的。当年英国工人争取8小时工作日的宪章运动,在今天它的成果仍然保留着。但是有些企业工人不可能每天只做8小时的工。想一想这样的工厂里的工人是自由的吗?是个性的吗?面对这些问题,本文做了自己的理解,为解决这些问题做了哲学上的思考。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Chaobing T1 - An Inquiry into Erich Fromm’s Humanistic Ethics [弗洛姆人道主义思想研究], Master thesis, Ethics, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing, China 2011. N2 - As one of the most famous modern western humanitarian, Erich Fromm takes the existent state of people in 20th century as his observing and studying object. By his critical eyes, Fromm scanned the modern capitalist societies represented by America and the people’s conditions of existence living in it. Fromm has acute insight into the breakdown of the value of western societies and the all-sided dissimilation of people living in it through the appearance of the western societies’ economic prosperity and material abundance. Fromm diagnosed that as sick society and morbid person, then delivered an thought-provoking plaint that modern western societies was moving into backslide and their people was sinking into depression. In order to help modern western societies change from sickness into sound and save western people from spiritual and moral crisis, Fromm critically absorbed the humanistic academic distillate of Freudian psychoanalytic theory, Marxist theory, the social critical theory of Frankfurt School. Basing on the combination of these ideas, Fromm established his new humanistic ethics. Fromm’s humanistic ethics is committed to revealing the symptom of society and the dissimilation of person, and views the realization of >human freedom<, >human liberation< and >human all-round development< and the construction of a right society as the theoretical mission. This paper systematically expatiates and analyses Fromm’s ideas of humanitarianism around the main line of humanitarianism.– Firstly, this paper discusses Fromm’s understanding of the concept of human and human nature, and his basic ideas about the good and evil of human nature which set out from the basic of Fromm’s ideas of humanitarianism: the theory of human nature.– Secondly, this paper expounds the main content of Fromm’s ideas of humanitarianism: views of freedom, the theory of love, the ideas of overall dissimilation, and Fromm’s discussion of the humanistic ethics. In the basic of analyzing the morbidity of modern capitalist societies and the spiritual crisis of people living in it, this paper discusses Fromm’s scheme of >right society< to resolve these issues and the social reform measures to achieve that target.– At last, this paper delivers an overall evaluation on Fromm’s ideas of humanitarianism including the evaluation of the traits of his theory, the theory’s significance, contribution and limitations. N2 - 作为现代西方著名的人道主义伦理学家,弗洛姆以20世纪人的生存状态为其重要的观察和研究对象。他以批判的目光审视着以美国为代表的现代资本主义社会和生活于其中的人的生存境遇,透过西方社会经济繁荣和物质丰裕的表象,弗洛姆敏锐地洞察到了西方社会价值的崩溃和生活于其中的人全面异化,丧失了自我。弗洛姆将其诊断为病态的社会和不健全的人,发出了现代西方社会正在走向堕落、西方人正在走向沉沦的令人深思的感慨。为了使现代西方社会从病态走向>健全<,使人从精神和道德的危机中摆脱出来。弗洛姆批判地吸收了弗洛伊德精神分析学说、马克思主义理论,法兰克福学派的社会批判理论等多元思想的人道主义精华,并在综合这些思想的基础上,提出了新的>人道主义伦理学<。弗洛姆人道主义伦理学始终致力于揭示社会的病症和人的异化,并以探讨实现>人的自由<、>人的解放<和>人的全面发展<的途径和促成一个人道化的>健全的社会<为理论使命。本文以人道主义为主线,对弗洛姆人道主义思想进行系统的阐述和分析。首先从构成弗洛姆人道主义思想的理论基础——人性论入手,分析了弗洛姆对人和人性概念的理解及其关于人性善恶的基本观点;其次就弗洛姆人道主义思想的主要内容:自由观、爱的理论、总体异化论和弗洛姆对人道主义伦理学的阐述这四个部分展开论述;在分析现代资本主义社会病态和生活于其中的人的精神危机的基础上,阐述弗洛姆为解决这些问题所提出的健全社会的构想以及实现这一构想的具体社会改革措施。文章的最后对弗洛姆的人道主义思想进行总的评价,具体包括对弗洛姆理论的特色、意义、贡献及局限性的评述。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Li T1 - Love is the Best Salvation – Fromm's Love Analysis Reread [爱是最好的救赎——弗罗姆>爱<的重读与评析] JF - Journal of Changsha Railway University (Social Science) [长沙铁道学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 4 (2011), pp. 62-64. N2 - 弗洛姆爱的理论指出了现代西方社会爱的异化和衰亡;指出了爱是一种能力,是整体人格的展现,是一个人是否拥有成熟的人格的体现;人们需要努力健全自己的人格,培养创造性人格,才有能力去爱,才能发展爱的能力。爱是人类走出生存困境的解决方式,是西方社会问题的救赎之道。弗洛姆对爱的论述是其对当代西方社会进行批判的产物,同时也是他试图综合弗洛伊德和马克思思想的结果。 N2 - Fromm love theory pointed out that the alienation of modern Western society love and decay; pointed out that love is an ability, is the whole personality of the show, whether a person has a mature personality manifestation; people need to work a sound of their own personality, the to cultivate creative personality, have the ability to love, can develop the ability to love. Love is a human out of the survival plight solution, the Western social issues Redemption Road. Fromm discourse on love is a product of its criticism of contemporary Western society, and also the results of the comprehensive Freud and Marx thought he tried. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Xiaolei T1 - >Bell Jar< under Life's Journey [>钟形罩<下的人生旅程] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Science & Technology Information [科技信息], No. 24 (2011), p. 557. N2 - In this paper, Fromm's theory of the life of the forward and reverse analysis of Sylvia Plath's autobiographical novel >bell jar<, pointed out that the protagonist Esther after three stages of life: life spiritual crisis and return to the 1950s American society, in a society in transition. N2 - 本文运用弗洛姆的前进与倒退方面的生命理论分析西尔维娅.普拉斯的自传体小说《钟形罩》,指出了主人公埃斯特人生历经三个阶段:生命,精神危机以及回归50年代处于社会转型期的美国社会。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rao, Fengtao A1 - Lu, Shanzhi T1 - >Escape from Freedom< and Its Reflection [《逃避自由》的思想及其反思] JF - Jin Tian [金田(励志)], No. 7 (2011), p. 78. N2 - 弗洛姆分析了现代人的整个性格结构,指出了人逃避自由的根源和途径,并给出了相应的解决方案,值得我们反思。 N2 - Fromm analyzed the entire character structure of modern man, who pointed out the causes and ways to escape from freedom, and the corresponding solutions worthy of our reflection. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Risari, Giorgio T1 - Il pensiero di Erich Fromm tra filosofia e psicoanalisi, Roma (Author's Edition) 2011, 386 pp. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Simon, Fritz B. A1 - Haass-Wiesegart, Margarete A1 - Zhao, Xudong T1 - Wie die Psychotherapie nach China kam. Geschichte und Analyse eines interkulturellen Abenteuers, Heidelberg (Carl Auer) 2011, 250 pp. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Walser, Maria von T1 - Erich Fromm und seine Kunst der Liebe und des Lebens JF - Die Weisheit ist weiblich: Geschichten von ganz besonderen Frauen und Männern, Freiburg im Breisgau (Herder Verlag) 2011, pp. 84-89. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Van der Horst, F. C. P. T1 - John Bowlby – From Psychoanalysis to Ethology. Unraveling the Roots of Attachment Theory. Chichester (Wiley) 2011. Y1 - 2011 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER - TY - GEN ED - Boschan, P. J. T1 - Sándor Ferenczi y el psicoanálisis del siglo XXI. Buenos Aires (Letra Viva) 2011. Y1 - 2011 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Black, D. M. T1 - Why Things Matter. The Place of Values in Science, Psychoanalysis and Religion. London (Routledge) 2011. Y1 - 2011 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bronner, Stephen Eric T1 - Critical Theory: A Very Short Introduction, New York (Oxford University Press) 2011, 144 pp. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Meng T1 - The Loneliness Lying between the Orient and the Occident [横亘的孤独 - 鲁迅与卡夫卡比较], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China 2011 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - In the this article, the author is going to analyze the lonely consciousness of in Lu Xun and Franz Kafka's on the basis of the explanation from their works, the sense of individual existence, and the lonely consciousness through their early before things sell out. Skip long lines and of The author also attempts to answer some questions below: how does the pursuit of freedom of humanity and individual psyche bring about the loneliness? Although Lu Xun and Franz Kafka both concentrate on the individual existence and individual freedom, why do their lonely images distinguish from each other? Under the condition of loneliness, why are their choices so different? In order to answer these questions, firstly, the author analyzes the different choices of the lonely consciousness made by Lu Xun and Franz Kafka through certain aspects such as their origin of loneliness, behavior, of loneliness and reaction of loneliness. Secondly, the author will explain above phenomenon from the perspective of the origin of western and eastern culture. And avoid searching the reasons through the comparison of their different individual characters and different lives. In addition, the author will emphasize the points which are easily ignored from the perspective of metaphysics. The main body of the thesis will be divided into three parts according to their origin of loneliness, behavior of loneliness and reaction of loneliness.– In the first chapter, the author is going to narrate Lu Xun and Franz Kafka's intense on the western humanity and their emphasis on the individual existence and will, both of whom are mostly affected by Kierkegaard and Nietzsche. The author also will discuss their different tendency to the past philosophy and their focus on the different starting points and purposes due to their diversity of historical and cultural background.– In the second chapter, firstly the author will expound Fei Luomu's [Erich Fromm] comprehension of freedom and loneliness, and then narrate Fei Luomu's theory which is partly applied in Lu Xun and Franz Kafka's thought of loneliness. Although there will be a short discussion of the improper aspects of the application.– Secondly, the author will analyze the lonely consciousness in their works through the viewpoint of the relation of freedom and loneliness. The main reasons to cause them to obtain a profound experience of the freedom and loneliness is their similar ideology of concentration on humanity and individual thinking, but their attitude towards freedom come into being much different because of the distinct cultural tradition. The different comprehension of freedom leads to their distinct lonely temperament. What's more, with the analysis on their works, the author illustrate that Lu Xun pursues the individual freedom due to his tendency to the naturalism of Chinese traditional culture. While Kafka regards freedom more as human original sin due to his faiths of Judaism.– In the third chapter, according to their works, the author is going to analyze Lu Xun and Franz Kafka's attitude when confronting the condition of nonentity and loneliness. Lu Xun endows >loneliness< valuable sense relying on his strong will; however, Kafka's searching God results in a failure. Divinity turns to be nonsense in Lu Xun's thought. Kafka fulfilled with the religion, though he is not a traditional religion adherent. Therefore, their loneliness is predestined to be distinct.– Finally, the author will summarize the text with the comparison of the situation of China. The thinking and realization of the loneliness by Lu Xun and Kafka is a precious legacy to us. The individual's obtainment of the care of their own in the classic aspect is the greatest benefit. N2 - 在这篇论文中,我将结合鲁迅与卡夫卡的作品所提供的可阐释性,在个体存在的意义上,还原经作家选择、溶裁之后的孤独意识,对鲁迅和卡夫卡的孤独意识进行比较分析。我试图回答以下问题:对人文精神和个人精神自由的追求是怎样导致孤独发生的?鲁迅与卡夫卡同时关注个体存在、个体自由却为什么两人的孤独形象完全不同?二者在孤独绝境下的选择为什么会有那么大的差异?对于这些问题的回答我是沿着作家遭遇孤独的>起源<、>表现<和>应对方式<这一脉络出发的,分析作家相似的孤独意识背后具体而微的差异,并以中西文化渊源的视角去阐释此种现象,尽可能的避免从二者个人性格、生命历程的比较中寻求原因,从形而上的维度靠近两位作家,凸显单方面考察容易忽略的点。按照作家遭遇孤独的起源、孤独的表现和应对孤独的方式,我将论文正文分为三个部分。在第一部分,我将首先论述鲁迅与卡夫卡对于西方语境之下的人文精神怀着极大的热情,进而揭示鲁迅与卡夫卡对于个体存在的强调。二者的不同体现在对存在主义先哲取向的差异上,鲁迅旨在>立人<,而卡夫卡则是为了>释己<在第二部分,我将阐释弗洛姆对于自由与孤独的理解,接着论述其理论适用于鲁迅与卡夫卡的可能性与局限性。按照自由与孤独紧密联系这一思路,分析鲁迅与卡夫卡作品中的孤独意识。自由与孤独如影随形,对自由的理解不同,导致二人各自的孤独气质也不尽相同。结合两人作品的分析,我将说明鲁迅由于中国传统文化中的自然主义立场,对个人自由异常向往。而卡夫卡从犹太教文化出发,更多是把自由看做是人类的原罪。在第三部分里,我将结合文本具体分析他们面对虚无、孤独绝境时的不同态度及其原因。鲁迅凭借个人的力量,赋予孤独以价值意义,卡夫卡在焦灼的找寻中欲归于上帝却无路可寻。神性在鲁迅这里是缺席的,虽然卡夫卡也不是传统意义上的信徒,但他是一个宗教情怀浓郁的人,因此二者有着不同的应对孤独的方式。最后,我在余论里将总结全文,借助比较,回到中国。鲁迅与卡夫卡有关孤独的思考与体悟,是留给我们的宝贵遗产。个人能在经典处得到适用于自己的关怀,不啻就是最大的收获。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Mingliang T1 - On Fromm's Social Character Theory and Its Development in Historical Materialism [论弗洛姆的社会性格理论及其对历史唯物主义的发展] JF - Journal of Nanjing Party Institute of CPC [中共南京市委党校学报], No. 4 (2011), pp. 23-28, 34. N2 - 弗洛姆作为著名的弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义者,他的主要工作便是致力于马克思和弗洛伊德学说的综合。从社会关系的角度探讨现代人的心理机制,既完善了精神分析学说,也使得历史唯物主义能够深入研究到人类的心理领域。他通过探讨在特定社会条件下人的心理形成机制,提出的>社会性格<学说使得历史唯物主义关于经济基础和上层建筑之间相互作用的机制得到更加细致和具体的阐述,从而推动了历史唯物主义的发展。 N2 - Fromm as Freudianism Marxist, his main job is committed to the doctrine of Marx and Freud comprehensive. Explore modern psychological mechanisms from the point of view of social relations, it is necessary to improve the psychoanalytic theory also makes historical materialism to delve into the field of human psychology. By exploring the specific social conditions of human psychological formation mechanism, he put forward the theory of >social character< makes historical materialism more detailed and specific description about the mechanism of the interaction between the economic base and the superstructure, thus promoting the historical materialism the development of doctrine. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Shan T1 - Fromm's Thougts on Love [弗洛姆爱的思想研究], Master thesis, Marxist Theory, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2011. N2 - Many philosophers have been paying close attention and reflection to the issue about humanity. In today’s society, when we are faced with the impact of capitalist economic tide, the downfall of old moral, the reveal of new moral, the tortuous development of socialism, and also with the polarization between the intensifying, the Deep suspicions to ourselves and others …Then we try to find some power to help us live in a humanistic way. History and reality tell us that this power cannot be provided by any specific system, legal or standards. Specific law cannot be suitable for so many different Races and individuals at the same time. Only things which can touch people’s heart may produce such abstruse power. Fromm’s thought of love is just one important source of this power. On the basis of elaborating and understanding Fromm’s thought of love, this paper will make historical and realistic reflection on people’s survival circumstance. Put the thought of love in background of human liberation. Seek the theoretical significance and historic instruction function of human liberation of Fromm’s thought of love. This paper will view Fromm’s love based on reality, face its utopia properties and though changing realistic conditions to make Fromm’s thought of love more practical.– Fromm’s thoughts of love include fraternity, the maternal love, sex, self-respect, god love. Love penetrates in people’s every aspect of life. In Fromm’s eyes, love is not simply a coincidence to experience, but for a rose of art and ability that can be learned. So in Fromm’s opinion everyone can practice love in his daily trifles by learning. This is just needed by people who in the bitter suffering situation of alienation. The relationship between man and self, the relationship between man and others and the relationship between people and the entire world are expected to be re-established, instead of symbiotic correlation. Love brings hope to the harmony of people and the whole world. But at the same time the role of love is restricted by people’s comprehensive development level and the development of world history process, and especially affected by Individualism and private property. For more Love just gives people a holistic guidance and sets a value goal for people. N2 - 人的问题一直是众多哲学家关注和深思的问题,到了当今社会,面对资本主义经济大潮的冲击,旧道德的衰败、新道德的展露;面对社会主义道路的曲折,贫富分化的加剧;面对人对自己和他人的深重怀疑……于是我们找寻某种力量来引导我们真正以>人<的方式而活着。历史和现实告诉我们这一力量不是某一具体的制度、法律或准则所能提供的,具体的法则不能适合如此多相异的种族和个体,只有那种能触碰人内心的东西才能产生出这样深邃的力量。弗洛姆爱的思想正是这种力量的一个重要源泉。本文在对弗洛姆爱的思想阐述和理解的基础上,对人的生存境况作了历史和现实的反思,把爱的思想放置于人性解放的大背景中,探求弗洛姆关于爱的思想在理论上的意义和对人类解放事业的历史性指导作用。本文立足于现实来看待弗洛姆的爱,直面其一定程度上的乌托邦性质,努力用现实条件的改造来使弗洛姆的爱更具实践性。弗洛姆的爱包括了博爱、母爱、性爱、自爱、神爱,爱渗透在人生活的方方面面。在弗洛姆那里,爱不是浅显的一种偶然感受,而已经上升为一种可以习得的艺术和能力,这样在弗洛姆看来每一个人都可以通过学习在生活的点滴中去实践爱,而这正是在异化的境况中苦苦煎熬的人类所需要的,人与自我、他人以及整个社会的关系有望通过爱来得到重建,而不是>共生的相关性<式的苟合。爱给人的和谐、世界的和谐带来希望,但是爱的作用的发挥受到人的综合发展水平和世界历史发展进程的制约,尤其是受个人主义和私有制的影响。爱更多的是给人们一种整体性的指引,为人们设定一个价值目标。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Xi T1 - Lukács' and Fromm's Theory of Alienation [比较卢卡奇、弗洛姆的异化理论] JF - The Border Economy and Culture [边疆经济与文化], No. 4 (2011), pp. 42-43. N2 - 卢卡奇指出,由于科技理性思想和合理化原则对社会生产的逐步渗透,人越来越被当成物来看待,工人阶级的命运逐渐转变成整个社会的命运;弗洛姆从人本主义立场出发,通过对精神、心理的分析,指出晚期资本主义社会的人日益沦为商品,人完全被异化。但不可忽视的是:他们二位都从具体的历史现状出发,对>人<予以足够的重视。 N2 - Lukacs pointed out that due to the gradual penetration of rational thinking and rationalization of the principles of social production, increasing as was to look at the fate of the working class gradually transformed into the fate of the whole society. Fromm from humanistic standpoint, mental, psychological analysis, pointed out that the late capitalist society, people increasingly become a commodity, people completely alienated. Cannot be ignored, but two: they proceed from the specific history of the status quo, sufficient attention. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER -