TY - GEN A1 - Zhong, Junhan T1 - The Journey of Love from Metamorphoses Reentry into >Ars Amatoria< – A Research on Ovid’s Love Therapy, Master thesis, World Literatur, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 2021 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - As the earliest form of literary expression, myth has provided a wide range of creative ideas for later writers with its profound changeable themes and thought-provoking connotations, and the vitality of love reflected in myth has also attracted more and more attention. Since Freud, the school of psychoanalysis and its branches have absorbed a great deal of classical nutrients concerning the practice of modern psychoanalysis in the Romantic epics Metamorphoses and Love Proverbs, which were systematized by the Roman poet Ovid. Aiming at the love topic of mankind for thousands of years, there is a close dialogue between psychoanalysis and literature in different historical contexts. Based on the theories of Freud, Lacan, Fromm and other psychoanalysts about love and the predicament of human existence, this paper attempts to analyze the symptoms of love in myth romantic epic Metamorphoses written by Ovid, and to observe >Ars amatoria<, which is shining with the glory of human nature, through the study of the symptoms of myth, and then to demonstrate: Only through the guidance and transformation of real freedom, hope and creativity can love finally become social and sound love.– This article is divided into four chapters and three parts: First of all, in the introduction part, this article will briefly explain the research significance and research status at home and abroad. Secondly, the article in the second part consisted of three chapters, aims to research on Freud’s unconscious and neurosis, Lacan’s mirror stage and the >Three Realms Theory<, Fromm’s doctrine of sound love as the foundation. Taking the classic epic Metamorphoses as a case, this paper aims to probe into the successful or tragic love in the epic from the psychological perspective of psychoanalysis, and summarize the crux and root causes of various love syndromes under an objective and meticulous text interpretation method.– The first chapter focuses on the relationship between love and freedom in two steps: The first step mainly focuses on the analysis of the stories of Eco and Philomela in >Metamorphoses<, expressing the relationship between the control and anti-control of subject, language and vision, and pointing out that human beings are always facing the dilemma of becoming >the subject that cannot stand up< in the existing order; the second step mainly compares Tereus’s >love< and Daphne’s >love< with >the subject who cannot stand up<, showing that the excessive >free< love desire leads to the loss of shame of the subject, and the serious consequences of not being able to truly realize free love.– The second chapter will focus on the relationship between love and hope in the stories of Lanthe, Pygmalion and Adonis. On the one hand, it shows that the psychological archetypes of >Anima<, >Animus< and >Mana< based on primitive experience not only stipulate the hope of love in accordance with human nature, but also prove the futility of the hope of love by the existence of >the ultimate thing< and death. On the other hand, on the basis of comparing >magic< with >Thesmophoria Worship< and >Adonis cult<, this paper analyzes hopeless obsession and positive belief, and emphasizes that only the latter can perfect free love and make it full of hope.– The third chapter focuses on love and creativity, and illustrates the defects of love between Narcissus and Eco, Thisbe and Pyramus: Due to the lack of conscious emotional motivation and the ability of free love, human beings have developed the >Copying Love< without any creativity. The creation and destruction of life is the subject’s proof of the inevitability of existence, and it also confirms the powerful power of erotic instinct. In addition, Orpheus and Pygmalion provided inspiration for the free play of the subject’s erotic impulses in art, through the understanding of art, the combination of the subject and the work of art promotes the creative sublimation of love and desire. Finally, in the third part, the fourth chapter, Based on the research results of Fromm, Marcuse and others on the formation, development and perfection of the subject personality in society, this paper returns from the love myth epic Metamorphoses by the ancient Roman poet Ovid to the love proverbs poem >Ars amatoria< then specifically analyzes the medication judgment, treatment means and cure goal of love syndrome in >Ars amatoria<. In the end, my conclusion is that love is the unity of freedom, hope and creativity. Only in the process of mutual promotion and formation of love can freedom, hope and creativity transform primitive love into social love, and realize the perfection and cure of love and purification of noble sentiment. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Wenhua T1 - Study on Marx’s Class Concept and Its Contemporary Value, Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China 2021. N2 - Marx’s concept of class not only plays an important role in the formation of early Marxist philosophy, but also deepens it in the exploration of late Marxist philosophy. Because Marx began to construct the concept of >class< from the early stage, and constantly deepened the concept of kind in the mature and late stage, so the study of Marx’s concept of class is of great significance to understand and grasp the development process of Marxist philosophy and the Sinicization of Marxist philosophy. However, because Marx criticized Feuerbach’s abstract concept of class and didn’t directly use the terms related to the concept of class in his later period, most researchers in the academic circles think that Marx’s concept of class is an >immature< concept, and Marx later replaced the concept of class with the concept of >society<. Therefore, based on Marx’s early and late original works, this paper will deeply explore the historical evolution of Marx’s concept of category, so as to objectively refute the above >immature< view. Althusser and Fromm hold opposite views on Marx’s concept of class. The former thinks that Marx’s early >ideological stage< involves >class< thought, while the latter >scientific< stage abandons >class< thought. Fromm thinks that there is only one humanistic Marx, and Marx’s concept of class has continuity. It is undeniable that Marx did use the philosophical terms with the color of Feuerbach’s >class concept<, and also highly valued the historical achievements of Feuerbach’s philosophy, but this does not lead to the conclusion that Marx’s class concept remained in the Feuerbach stage. Through the analysis of Marx’s concept of class and its formation process, this paper finds that although Marx’s concept of class has inherited and developed the terms related to Feuerbach’s concept of class, it has fundamentally gone beyond the basic connotation of Feuerbach’s concept of class, and has continued to deepen in Marx’s mature and late works. Therefore, the basic connotation of Marxist concept is not a mature concept, but it runs through Marxist philosophy. The study of Marx’s concept of class has two dimensions of theoretical and practical value. The theoretical dimension is conducive to maintaining the integrity of Marx’s philosophical thought and opposing the >class theory< of Marx’s thought. In the practical dimension, Marx’s concept of category provides philosophical basis for the construction of contemporary Chinese philosophy, the correct handling of the relationship between man and nature, and a community with a shared future for mankind. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luo, Ding T1 - From Freud to Foucault – The Study of Oedipus Complex from A Triple Perspective, Master thesis, Art Theory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2021 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Oedipus complex is a key concept in psychoanalysis. It is related to the theory of sexual instinct within the system, the field of unconsciousness, the analysis of dreams, neurosis and other important categories, and has caused numerous disputes since its birth. In the past, the evaluation of Oedipus complex mainly focused on three aspects: one is that children depend on their mother rather than sexual desire for food and emotional needs; the other is the penile centralism and neglect of mother in Freud’s theory; the third is the universality of Oedipus complex. These controversies still follow the critical thinking of Malinowski and Fromm, but actually do not touch the core of Oedipus complex. Because the Oedipus complex in Freud’s view is essentially a concept about sex, and the successors of Lacan and other psychoanalytic schools have responded to these disputes by reinterpreting the Oedipus complex.– Therefore, this paper will focus on the initial definition of Oedipus complex and explore the original rationality of this concept. Freud first discovered the special relationship between early children and their parents when exploring the causes of neurosis. This relationship appears again frequently in typical dream cases and self-analysis. Therefore, Freud regarded this connection as a common phenomenon and applied it to clinical treatment and analysis. In addition to returning to the context in which Freud raised this issue, we also introduce Levi Strauss and Foucault’s theory of sex and gender from the perspective of triangular interpersonal structure and human gender differences to reflect on the bias of traditional interpretation of the concept of Oedipus complex. Specifically speaking: Freud believed that the sexual desire contained in Oedipus complex can only appear in the form of heterosexuality, that is, the first impulse of a child should be directed to the heterosexual side of the parents. According to Foucault’s analysis of the relationship between power and sex, sexual experience is produced rather than born with us. Therefore, in this sense, the concept of Oedipus complex constructed by Freud falls into the power. Furthermore, Freud limited the external manifestation of Oedipus complex to the family triangle in the general sense of experience. This kind of setting only pays attention to the interaction between kinship roles, and does not consider each role in the whole system. In Levi Strauss’s view, the deep structure of kinship is the uncle nephew relationship based on the premise of >incest taboo<, which includes four words: >brother-sister-father-son<. This >basic structure of kinship< is universal and stable in explaining all the facts of kinship. To sum up, this paper intends to analyze the heterosexual form and triangular relationship in Oedipus complex through Foucault’s theory of sexual experience and Levi Strauss’s theory of kinship structure. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jiarong, Lin T1 - The Exploration Into the Influence of Social Unconscious on the Individual Through Cyberpunk, Master of Fine Arts in Illustration, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts in Illustration), Fine Arts, Syracuse University, New York, USA 2021, 22 + 6 pp. [surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1583&context=thesis] [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - The main purpose of this thesis is to explore the influence of the social unconscious on human beings in a future context. In psychoanalyst Erich Fromm's view, the social unconscious refers to Individuals who are afraid of being separated from the society they live in, they often adapt and distort their human needs to meet the requirements of our social system. However, with the strengthening of personality and self-awareness in our present society, how will the relationship between the social subconscious and people's self-awareness change in the future? This is the key issue of this thesis. In the first part, by studying the definition of the social unconscious and related works, this thesis tries to understand the root cause of the influence of the social unconscious and how it affects people's behavior and decision-making. In the second part, this thesis makes an in-depth study of Cyberpunk and objective imagery in related works, revealing that Cyberpunk is a projection of the real world, and clues for many problems in the real world can be found in the Cyberpunk world. In the third part, this thesis explores the changes in people's consciousness in the Cyberpunk world. Finally, this thesis concludes people will not be rid of the influence of the social unconscious whether in the real world or the future world. Even as people's self-awareness is constantly enhanced, self-awareness and social unconscious will always exist as contradictory to one another. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bao, Wei T1 - A Study of Chinese Urban Poetry in the Post-1990s from the Perspective of Comparative Literature, Doctoral dissertation, Chinese Literature, Inner Mongolian University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China 2021 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Since the 1990s, urban literature has risen and become the most important literary landscape. As an important part of urban literature, urban poetry has been gradually developing in the middle and late 1980s. With its constantly spring-up, the research on urban poetry has gradually increased. In the early days, most of the research and discussion of related concepts. After the 1990s, along with the introduction of Western urban poetry theories, urban poetry research showed a diversified research trend as well as achieved a fruitful result. The Chinese cities after the 1990 s have striking similarities with Baudelaire’s Paris described by Benjamin. Therefore, based on the texts of Chinese urban poetry after the 1990s and took reference of Western multidisciplinary urban studies, this thesis analyzes the writing of urban poetry in this period and its modern urban consciousness in a comparative perspective, and demonstrates the urban development and human spiritual dilemma of universal significance in the process of urbanization. The first chapter of the thesis mainly analyzes the urban landscape as imagery. Based on the research ideas of Roland Bart’s semiotics and Kevin Lynch’s urban planning, it draws and studies the formal characteristics and semantic structure in Chinese urban poetry after the 1990 s, which applied the related concepts and methods of urban space theory and architectural phenomenology, using basic units such as city streets, nodes, landmarks to combine urban architecture and the space. Dense streets are a typical feature of urban space, which also present the most authentic people’s life. In poetry, abstract and conceptual streets often symbol the urban space, representing fastness or congestion. The specific streets with clear directivity become the memory carrier or the emotional projection in the poet’s narration. The constantly demolished old streets are regarded as the epitome of urban culture. Typical urban nodes are like squares with the nature of gathering points as well as railways and stations with the nature of connecting points. The connotation of city squares in poetry has gone from a space with rich political accommodation or ideal accommodation to a huge public entertainment function. The urban railway is not only a symbol of modern civilization, but also a metaphor of time, and a symbol of the ideal love of urban people. The station with a strong spirit is not only a place for strangers and nostalgia, but also the maternal symbol of the initiator of era and nurturing new life. As the symbol and unique characteristic of a city, tall buildings transcend reality and enters the imaginary level in poets’ writing from symbolizing power and rebirth to squeezing, siege and becoming an ancient behemoth. To get rid of the invisible majesty and pressure brought by the shape of tall buildings, poets choose to take the top or glass windows, curtain walls of tall buildings to determine their position and perceive the shape of the city. The second chapter shows the modern crowds wandering in the city. It divides into three types, i. e. wanderers, aliens and margins, defined by Benjamin, Simmel, and Robert Parker on the role of urban people combining the poet’s subjective life experience, urban vision, and self-identity. Wanders are further divided into wandering meditators, lonely garbage pickers, and angry critics. Wandering meditators walk through the streets to achieve a complex relationship among the city and urban people; lonely garbage pickers observe the people and objects in the city as a >garbage picker< in Baudelaire’s pen to collect his own poetry; angry critics take the angle to stand on the opposite side of the city, revealing the deformed development of the city in a manner that is incompatible with the city, and the ecological crisis and human survival crisis. There are two types of aliens. Some of them can >dwells on this earth poetically< in the city. They eagerly present and examine the city’s unique mundane feelings with their own original vision and take a proactive attitude toward the city. Another part are people ran back and forth between the countryside and the city. They were >dual-aliens< between the countryside and the city. Marginal people mainly include those who have a real-world marginal situation and those who have a >self-marginal< mentality. The marginalized people with realistic marginal situations often have rural growth backgrounds, and most of them still live in small towns. By showing the urban life and living conditions of urban fringe people, they express the filth and greatness, lofty and despicableness of the city on the one hand, and on the other hand the aspect also completed the identification of the marginal identity of the self, and realized the comfort and salvation of the self. Although marginalized people with a self-marginal mentality live in cities, they all have long or short experiences in rural life. They are particularly aware of the sadness, bitterness, and heaviness of life. They express the hidden worries and sorrows in the process of urban modernization by writing about the lives of people on the periphery of the city. The third chapter presents the alienated modern urban spirit. It takes on Simmel’s sociological theory, Fromm’s theory of human nature, and Jungian personality analysis psychology to illustrate the alienated urban spirit in modern cities. Modern cities continue to throw people into new experiences, new environments, and new crowds. When these new stimuli make city people feeling the threat, they will use their rationality and then produces indifferent. Indifference makes people form reserved interpersonal relationships. Indifferent individuals are forced to enter various relationships, so personality masks are caused and lead to constant splits in personality. Finally, indifferent modern people seek psychological balance, occasionally reveals his sincere emotions, creating a stranger’s emotional penetration. The biggest impact of indifference on modern urbanites is to make individuals suffer from loneliness. The loneliness with multiple faces has become a common mental state of modern people. It originated from the poet’s attitude of self-estrangement and the decline of the physical home (country) and the nowhere to put the spiritual home in the process of urbanization. Facing loneliness, different poets have different attitudes, which reflect the different moods of the poets. In addition, the rise of a consumer society, the expansion of material desires, and the pressure of survival forced poets to change their attitude towards commodities and strive to approach poetry in the material flood. The objects of modern civilization will gradually be degenerated with the passage of time and the changing environments. The meaning and value of money will continue to collapse, and people will never be able to achieve a poetic dwelling. Finally, the expansion of body desires is a typical symptom of modern society. Cities are full of erotic desires, and sexual desire has become the >top priority< of modern society. Herein, love is no longer a pure spiritual pursuit, but a vain term tied to material needs and even equates to prostitution. He inspires individual passions and desires, and at the same time turns individuals into puppets controlled by passions and desires. [Translation: www. cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER -