TY - JOUR A1 - Xiao, Yang T1 - Fromm Psychoanalytic Interpretation of the Characters in >King Lear< [《李尔王》中人物形象的弗洛姆心理分析解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Science & Technology Information [科技信息], No. 15 (2014), p. 189. N2 - 人文主义者莎士比亚,英国文艺复兴时期最伟大的文学家,在世界文学史上享有盛誉。《李尔王》作为代表莎士比亚最高艺术成就的作品之一,20世纪以来,其地位不断上升,与世纪伊始弗洛伊德所开创的心理分析学派不无关系。心理分析社会文化学派学者弗洛姆将弗洛伊德理论与马克思的社会理论结合起来,创立了人本主义精神分析学,并将心理分析运用到社会历史中去,研究人潜意识、行为、社会环境和历史发展之间相互作用的关系,希望建立一个健全的社会。本文将用弗洛姆的自由观点和人格取向,社会性格和社会潜意识等理论分析《李尔王》中主要人物,尝试综合考虑人物的潜意识和行为,将其放在社会历史的大舞台上进行开放全面的分析。 N2 - Humanist Shakespeare, the greatest writer in the English Renaissance, renowned in the history of world literature. >King Lear< as one of the representative works of Shakespeare highest artistic achievements of the 20th century, its rising status, not unrelated to the beginning of the century, Freud pioneered psychoanalysis school. Psychoanalysis sociocultural scholars Fromm will Freudian theory and Marxist social theory combine the creation of humanistic psychoanalysis and psychological analysis applied to social history to study human subconscious, behavioral, social the relationship between the environment and the interaction of historical development, hope to build a healthy society. This paper will analyze the >King Lear< in the main character with the freedom of opinion and personality Fromm orientation, social personality and social theories of the unconscious, subconscious attempt considering the character and behavior, will be placed on the social history of the big stage open comprehensive analysis. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Zijun T1 - Talking about Cross-cultural Differences in the Art of Love [浅谈爱之艺术的跨文化差异] JF - Master [大家], No. 24 (2010), p. 83. N2 - 著名的精神分析学家弗洛姆在《爱的艺术》提出了一个概念,那就是爱是一种能力,是一种艺术。如果说爱是一种能力,那么就是说爱只是一种主观方面的东西。这和作者的精神分析家的背景有很大的关系,精神分析一直强调主体体验和主 N2 - Famous psychoanalyst Erich Fromm in the >Art of Loving< presents a concept that love is a capacity, is an art. If love is an ability, then that is what love is just a subjective aspect. This is a psychoanalyst and author of the background of a great relationship, psychoanalysis has always emphasized and the main body experience. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Guangyu T1 - Erich Fromm's Concept of Cultural Transformation – A >Healthy Society< as an Example [浅析弗洛姆的文化转型观——以《健全的社会》为例] JF - Huazhang [华章], No. 17 (2012), p. 7. N2 - 弗洛姆作为西方马克思主义代表人物之一,在《健全的社会》一书中阐述了文化转型的观点。分析他的文化转型观点具有积极的现实意义,既可以使人们重视文化的继承性,也可以促进教育观念的转变,为当前的文化建设和文化创造提供了理论借鉴。 N2 - Fromm as one representative of Western Marxism, in the >healthy society<, a book describes the cultural transformation of view. His analysis of cultural transformation has a positive view of practical significance, not only can make people pay attention cultural inheritance, but also can promote the transformation of educational concepts, creating a theoretical reference for the current culture and culture. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang Kang, Yuxin T1 - Marx's Theory of Alienation and Its Practical Significance [马克思的异化理论及其现实意义], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2012. N2 - 异化作为标志人的生存状态的重要哲学范畴,一直是哲学家们关注和争论的焦点。异化理论是马克思理论的重要内容之一,他是在吸收前人思想的基础之上,创造性地提出了自己的异化理论。本文主要通过重新审视马克思的异化理论,探讨它的理论来源和形成阶段,重点分析了马克思的异化劳动理论,并且选取了西方马克思主义的几个典型代表人物:马尔库塞、卢卡奇、列斐伏尔、弗洛姆,对他们有关异化思想予以介绍。以此为理论基础,来分析现代人在人与物之间,人与人之间以其人与自然之间的异化表现,并且进一步分析了当代中国在经济、政治和文化领域内所存在的一些异化现象,探讨了这些现象存在的必然性和历史性。最后,在此基础上,探讨马克思异化理论的现实意义,即对人的全面发展的导向作用和对社会主义和谐社会构建的促进作用,从而彰显马克思异化理论的时代意义。 N2 - Alienation as a symbol of state of existence of human being in important philosophical category, which has been philosopher’s attention and point of contention. The alienation theory is one important content of the theory of Marxism, he is absorbed in the basis of previous thoughts, creative puts forward his own alienation theory. This paper mainly through to re-examine Marx's theory of alienation, discusses the theoretical sources and its stages, and analyses the alienation of Marx labor theory, and selected the western Marxist several typical representative character: Herbert Marcuse, Georg Lukács, Henry Lefebvre, Erich Fromm. They thought about alienation to be introduced. This as the theoretical basis, and to analyze modern people in between people and things, the person between nature, people between the dissimilation of the show, and further analyzed the contemporary China in economic, political and cultural fields of some existing alienation, discusses the necessity of existence and historical phenomenon. Finally, based on this, this paper discusses the significance of Marx's theory of alienation, namely the overall development of human oriented functions and for the construction of socialist harmonious society to promote effect and reveal the theory of Marx alienation time significance. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Pan T1 - Erich Fromm's Escape from Freedom Psychological Mechanism [浅析弗洛姆的逃避自由心理机制] N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆是法兰克福学派的代表人,他既是弗洛伊德的学生,也是马克思的信徒,但不是二人纯粹的信仰者。弗洛姆反对弗洛伊德的一些观点,同时还试图用心理学来补充马克思主义,力图将这两大思想体系调和起来,因而在思想上对二者既有所继承又有所发展。弗洛姆在分析人类>逃避自由<时,结合了弗洛伊德的精神分析观念和马克思主义的社会视角,在揭示人类精神生存困境的同时又对现代社会进行了批判。 N2 - Erich Fromm is representative of the Frankfurt School, he is a student of Freud, Marx also a believer, but not two pure believers. Freud Fromm oppose some of the points, but also tried to use psychology to supplement Marxism, trying to reconcile these two ideologies, thus ideologically on both inherited both have developed. Fromm in the analysis of human >Escape from Freedom<, a combination of Freud's psychoanalytic ideas of Marxism and social perspective, the survival of the human spirit in revealing the plight of modern society at the same time criticized. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Xiang T1 - Escape from Freedom of Evelyne – James Joyce's >Eveline< Interpretation According to Fromm [逃避自由的伊芙琳——詹姆斯•乔伊斯的《伊芙琳》之弗洛姆式解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Yalujiang Literature Monthly (The Second Half of the Month) [鸭绿江(下半月版)], No. 2 (2014), pp. 3-4. N2 - 本文从弗洛姆的自由观来深度解读伊芙琳行为及心理上的变化历程,从精神分析层面揭示了她放弃与弗兰克私奔的原因之所在。即主人公追求自由但不能够直面随着而来的孤独和恐惧,为了生存最终只能放弃个体自我,竭力逃避自由。 N2 - To interpret this paper Evelyne's behavior and psychological changes in the course of Fromm's concept of freedom from the depth, from the spiritual level of analysis reveals that she eloped with Frank abandon reason lies. Namely, the pursuit of freedom, but the hero can not come face with loneliness and fear, only to give up in order to survive the final individual self, trying to escape from freedom. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yian T1 - An Exploration of Janie's Way of Life in >Their Eyes Were Watching God<, [他们眼望上苍》中珍妮的生存方式探究] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Anhui Literature (Second Half) [安徽文学(下半月)], No. 7 (2013), pp. 100-102. N2 - 20世纪著名的非裔美籍作家佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿在其代表作《他们眼望上苍》中成功塑造了挣脱传统习俗束缚,勇敢追求幸福,实现自我的黑人女性形象。不同于当时流行的抗议文学,赫斯顿的作品描述了生活充实的黑人的爱情、忠诚、欢乐、幽默,以及他们对生活的肯定态度,也反映了生活中必然存在的不幸和悲剧。揭开《他们眼望上苍》的黑人面纱,在普遍的人的世界的关照下,探究其生存方式,对于全面深入理解文本具有新的意义。 N2 - In her masterpiece, >Their Eyes Were Watching God<, Zora Neale Hurston Zora Neale Hurston, the famous African-American writer of the 20th century, successfully portrayed black women who broke free from the shackles of convention and bravely pursued happiness and self-realization. Unlike the popular protest literature of the time, Hurston's works portray the love, loyalty, joy, humor and life-affirming attitudes of black people who have lived life to the full, and reflect the misfortunes and tragedies that are inevitable in life. Lifting the veil of blackness from >Their Eyes Were Watching God< and exploring their way of life in the light of the universal human world has new significance for a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the text. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yong-gang T1 - Call for Love – Commetns on Doris Lessing’s >Fifth Child< and >Ukiyo Marginal Man< Using Fromm’s Theory of Love [爱的呼唤——以弗洛姆爱的理论评多丽丝.莱辛《第五个孩子》和《浮世畸零人》] [application of Fromm's theories to art]. JF - Literature Education (Middle) [文学教育(中)], No 12 (2013), pp. 6-7. N2 - [多丽丝•莱辛是当代最重要的英国作家之一。她写的作品涵盖了20世纪的许多社会焦点问题。《第五个孩子》及续集《浮世畸零人》就是她探讨社会问题的一部重要作品。本文将用弗洛姆爱的理论来探讨和分析作者创作这两部作品的内涵和意义。] N2 - Doris Lessing is one of Britain's most important contemporary writers. She wrote a number of works covering social focus of the 20th century. >The Fifth Child< and the sequel >Ukiyo Marginal Man< is her explore social issues an important work. This article will use the theory Fromm love to explore and analyze the meaning and significance of the creation of these two works. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yun T1 - Sports Appeal in Sound Society: Based on the Social Function of Sports in Fromm’s Social Philosophy [健全社会的体育诉求:基于弗洛姆社会哲学的体育社会功能探究] JF - Journal of Chengdu Sport University [成都体育学院学报], No. 11 (2013), pp. 21-25. N2 - 弗洛姆社会哲学思想的观照下,对其所提出的健全社会这一核心理念进行了深入的剖析,并在此基础上对体育的社会功能进行了与之相应的解读与探究。研究认为,健全社会理念下的体育,有着身体的唤醒与自我的体验、他者的互动与社会的建构、主体的显现与创造的生成等社会功能。与此同时,体育社会功能之于健全社会而言,有着不可替代的价值特殊性,是健全社会得以构建的一种本质诉求。 N2 - According to Fromm’s social philosophy, the paper analyzes his core theory of sound society and explores the corresponding social function of sports, believing that sports in sound society is equipped with the functions of awakening the body and self experiencing, interacting with others and constructing society, demonstrating subjectively and generating creations. Meanwhile, sports social function is irreplaceable in sound society, which is the essential appeal for the construction of a sound society. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zheng T1 - A Study on Translation of the Words in Sanqu of the Yuan Dynasty from the Perspective of Philosophy [哲学视野下的元散曲词汇英译研究], Master thesis, Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 2013. N2 - 元散曲词汇记载着元代独特的社会生活风貌,反映了元代的时代精神。它兼有通俗诙谐与绮丽典雅的双面取向,正是这两种取向的紧密结合使得元散曲形成了别具一格、雅俗共赏的风格。作为跨文化交际的翻译活动,应该紧紧围绕元散曲的这种语言态势来展开。本文以许渊冲英译的《元曲三百首》为蓝本,比照国内外其他八位译者的元散曲翻译成果,选取38个元散曲词汇,依据其翻译中的难点,对其进行较为系统的归类与分析,并提出初步的翻译策略。在寻求解决元散曲词汇对翻译造成的困难的方案时,以三大哲学传统对翻译的启示,对元散曲进行了相关考察及批评,论文即因此分为三章。本文认为,翻译的过程实为意义的转换过程,是一个受诸多因素影响的、开放性的复杂过程。第一章结合伽达默尔的视域融合概念,对元散曲中的普通名词、文学意象以及俚语俗词的英译进行探讨,并进而指出,对于这种双语系统中能够对应上的词汇类别,译文的视域应该尽量向原文作者的初始视域靠近,实现理想的视域融合;第二章将解构主义对翻译的启示运用到模糊延异性词汇—叠词、隐喻修辞以及古今异义词的英译中,解构主义在翻译实践中的指导性受到怀疑,但是本文认为,对于上述三种极具模糊、延异性词汇的英译,运用解构主义倒是可以完成较好的阅读、理解和分析,我们鼓励译者发挥主观能动性与积极创造性,在译文中发出自己的、不同于作者的声音,从而实现译文与原文的>共生<。第三章则从弗洛姆的>社会过滤器<概念出发,追踪元散曲中的专有名词、译语空缺词汇及非等值词汇的英译,指出,对于在双语系统词汇意义转换中有冲突和矛盾的词汇,译者首先应该突破母语中所设置的>社会过滤器<对于自己的抑制,创造出原味十足的译文,如此译文,才有可能让读者也解除>社会过滤器<对自身的抑制,从而理解到独具汉民族风味的元散曲。笔者希望依据哲学的三大传统体现元散曲词汇的语言特点及差异,引发专家学者对于构建哲学视野中的元散曲词汇英译体系的关注。 N2 - The words in sanqu kept a good record of the unique social life in the Yuan Dynasty , and also reflected the spirit of the time. The words have humorous and refined attributes, and the combination of the two elements formed a peculiar and popular style of sanqu. As cross-cultural communication, the translation of sanqu should be implemented on the basis of the style. This paper regards the >300 Yuan Songs< translated by Xu Yuanzhong as the chief source, and compares it with other sanqu translation achieve-ments by eight translators domestic and overseas. 38 Yuan sanqu words are selected in the thesis, on the basis of the difficulty in translation, the thesis divides the words into systematic classifications and analyzes them one by one, lastly, the preliminary translation strategy is put forward in each section. In the process of solving difficult points in sanqu translation, the author is inspired by the three philosophical traditions, and accordingly, the thesis is divided into three chapters. - G252This thesis holds that translation is the process of the rendition of the meaning, which is influenced by many factors. Combining Gadamer’s concept about >fusion of horizons<, the first chapter discusses the translation of the common nouns, literary image and popular slangs, and then points out that, for the kind of words which have corresponding words in bilingual systems, the translator should try to make his horizon close to the author’s initial horizon, so as to realize the ideal fusion of horizons.– Inspired by the theory of the deconstruction, the author talks about the translation of fuzzy and different words in the second chapter. Fuzzy and different words are here reduplicated words, metaphor rhetoric, and ancient and modern homonyms. In general, the instructive role that deconstruction played in translation practice is suspected, but this thesis argues that, for the translation of the above three highly fuzzy and different words, the theory of deconstruction can help the translator render the words, the translator is encouraged to develop his full subjectivity and creativity, the voice different from the author’s voice should also be allowed in the translation, so as to realize the >symbiosis< between the translated text and the original text.– Developing from Fromm’s concept of >social filter<, the third chapter traces the translation of proper nouns, gap words in the target language and the nonequivalent words. It pointed out that, for the translation of the words which have some conflicts in bilingual systems, the translator should break through the >social filter< set by his native language, so as to finish the original translation. And only with this kind of translation, can the readers remove the >social filter< in the text, and then understand the racy sanqu. - The author hopes that, according to the three major traditions of the philosophy, the characteristics and differences of sanqu’s language can be reflected, and thus, make the experts and scholars aware of the construction of the translation of the words from sanqu in the Yuan dynasty from the perspective of philosophy. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zhiping T1 - The Exploration of Liberation Theory of Freudian Marxism – Centered on Marcuse [>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<>解放<理论探析], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2012. N2 - 作为西方马克思主义的主要流派之一,>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<是于20世纪二三十年代出现并于五六十年代得以发展。这一理论思想是声称要把马克思主义与弗洛伊德的精神分析学说>综合<起来,而实际是一种用精神分析学>改铸<马克思主义的非马克思主义思潮。任何一种成熟的社会理论都必然关注人的解放问题,并把解放作为自己理论的历史使命。准确把握一个特定的社会理论或者社会思潮的>解放<理论,自然也就成为一种最有益的尝试。因此,本文主要是以马尔库塞为中心,系统地梳理>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的解放理论,全文共分为四个部分:第一部分为引言。简单介绍本文选题研究的理论意义和现实意义,当前理论界对该选题的的研究现状,并简要阐述>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的理论渊源及其基本观点,进而勾勒出笔者研究的基本逻辑思路。第二部分主要考察>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<>解放<理论的基本语境。本章以赖希、弗洛姆为线索人物,引出弗洛伊德的早期意识与无意识理论与马克思主义的社会结构理论综合在一起,得出了社会无意识概念的理论轨迹。在此基础上,以>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<这一思想体系中最具代表性的人物马尔库塞为中心,以他的《爱欲与文明》一书为主线,对马尔库塞解放理论形成的个人经历、社会背景,以及其理论渊源作系统阐释。>弗洛伊德主义<与马克思早期的>人本主义学说<相结合,构建了一种对于>现代工业社会<的新的批判理论,并进一步论述了>现代工业社会<对于人的>爱欲<的>压抑<,并提出了>人的解放<本质上是>爱欲<的解放的理论观点。同时马尔库塞的这一>解放<概念还包含着对于实现人的解放和社会解放的>新道路<的探索。他通过揭示>爱欲<解放的依据并实际地把人摆脱>压抑<和扬弃>异化<而发挥>潜能<实现>爱欲<的过程看作了人的解放过程。第三部分主要是对马尔库塞解放理论的核心内容进行梳理。首先考察马尔库塞对当代资本主义社会的批判确立其解放的依据,马尔库塞认为,由于资本主义社会的>额外压抑<,人类要想获得解放就必须实现>爱欲<解放。其次,马尔库塞认为要想消除各种导致人们>额外压抑<的异化,从本能上释放自由,就必须赋予一种革命主体,马尔库塞在寻求革命主体的时候则经历了无产阶级—新左派—艺术家这一过程。最后,由于马尔库塞对解放的目标与革命的动因与主体都做出了新的解释,因而,马尔库塞对解放的路径也提出了新的看法,马尔库塞从经济、政治、文化、意识形态、艺术等各个方面出发,提出了社会主义革命道路应该选择>第三条道路<,即非暴力的反抗,也就是进行>伟大的拒绝<。第四部分立足于马克思解放理论对马尔库塞>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<解放理论进行评论。首先,本文认为这一解放理论有两个显著的特点:一是对当代资本主义的批判与透视,二是对所尝试>西方思潮<与>马克思主义<进行的结合有一定的帮助和启示。其次,在马克思主义看来,马尔库塞>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的解放理论带有显著的局限性,表现在:其哲学根基有着根本差异、>解放<理论的现实路径上也大异其趣。 N2 - As one of the main schools of Western Marxism, >Freudian Marxism doctrine< appeared in 1920s and1930, and got into full swing in1950s and1960s. This theory claims to integrate Marx’s theory with Freud's psychoanalysis theory, but actually it is non-Marxism thought which use psychoanalysis to >recast< Marxism. Any kind of mature social theory must pay close attention to people's liberation and regard liberation as the historical mission of his theory. It will naturally become a beneficial attempt to have an accurate grasp of >liberation< theory of a certain social theory or social trend of thought. Therefore, this paper, center around Marcuse, is to systematically tease Freudian Marxism liberation theory. - G253The paper will fall into four parts: The first part is introduction and will briefly introduce the theoretical and practical significance of the research and how far has this research been conducted at present, briefly describing the Theoretical Origin of Freudian Marxism theory and its basic points, and then outlines the author's basic logic thinking of study. The second part mainly focuses on the basic context of Freudian Marxism's liberation theory. This chapter takes Lai, Fromm as the clue character and lead to Freud's early consciousness and unconsciousness theory and Marxism general theory. And then, centers around Marcuse, the most representative figure in Freudian Marxism and take his book Eros and civilization as the main line to elaborate the personal experiences, social background, as well as its theory origin of the formation of Marcuse's liberation theory. The combination of >Freudianism< with Marx's early humanism theory builds a new critical theory of the modern industrial society. And elaborates the >repression< of modern industrial society on the >Eros<, and proposes the theory that human liberation is in essence >Eros< liberation. At the same time, Marcuse's >liberation< concept also includes the realization of human liberation and social liberation >new road< exploration. He reveals the >Eros< liberation and the basis actual put people out of >depression< and develop the useful and discard the useless >alienation< and play a >potential< implementation >Eros< process as the course of man's emancipation. The third part is mainly to tease the core content of liberation theory of Marcuse's Freudian Marxism. Firstly it examines Marcuse's social critique of the contemporary capitalist society and its liberation basis. Marcuse believes that due to the >additional depression< of capitalist society, human beings must realize >Eros< liberation if they want to liberate themselves. Secondly, Marcuse believes it if we want to eliminate alienations which lead to people's additional depression and to release instinct freedom, we must find a revolutionary body Marcuse in seeking revolutionary body when experienced the proletariat-New Left-artists of this process. Finally, by Marcuse on emancipatory goals and motivation of revolution and the main body have made a new interpretation, therefore, Marcuse on the emancipation path also offered new view, from the economy, politics, culture, Marcuse, ideology, art and other aspects set out, put forward the socialist revolution road should choose >the third road<, non violent resistance, is the >great refusal<. The fourth part, based on Marxism liberation theory, give a comment on liberation theory of Marcuse's Freudian Marxism. First of all, the paper holds that the liberation theory has two notable features: a critique of contemporary capitalism and perspective and to try to >Western genre< and >the Marx doctrine< was combined with some help and enlightenment. Secondly, it seems to Marxism that Marcuse's Freudian Marxism liberation theory has obvious limitations, for example: its philosophy basis has a fundamental difference, the realistic path of its liberation theory is quite different. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Dongmei T1 - Consumer Issues among Students in Fromm's View of Consumer Alienation 于弗洛姆消费异化视角的大学生消费问题探析] JF - Journal of Yangzhou University (Higher Education Study Edition) [扬州大学学报(高教研究版)], No. 2 (2015), pp. 84-87. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》一书中,从获取物品、使用物品及消费物品三个方面系统论述了消费异化,进而提出要建立>人道主义的公有社会制<和树立>人道、健康的消费<以扬弃消费异化。弗洛姆的消费异化理论是针对西方资本主义社会病态消费而产生的,但他关注的异化消费现象在我国当代大学生中也广泛存在。当代大学生作为一个特殊的消费群体,也存在着人情消费过多、炫耀性消费、盲目消费、奢侈消费等消费异化问题。要解决这一问题,需从大学生个人、家庭、学校、社会和政府五个方面形成合力,以指导大学生消费向理性、健康方向发展。 N2 - Fromm in >healthy society<, a book, from obtaining items, use items and consumer goods discusses three aspects of the system of consumer alienation, and then proposed to establish a >humanitarian public social system< and to establish >humane, healthy consumption< to abandon the consumer alienation. Fromm's theory of alienation consumption for Western capitalist social ills arising from consumption, but he was concerned about the alienation of contemporary college students consumption phenomenon is also widespread. College Students as a special consumer groups, there are too many human consumption, conspicuous consumption, mindless consumption, luxury consumption and other consumer alienation. To solve this problem, you need individual students, families, schools, society and government together to form a five to guide college students to rational consumption, healthy direction. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Guangjin A1 - Chen, Zhaoyang T1 - The Love Concept of College Students from a Survey [从一个调查看大学生的爱情观] JF - Popular Psychology [大众心理学, ] No. 8 ( 2015 (08), pp. 40-41. N2 - 随着经济和社会的发展,我们经常能在网络和现实生活中看到这样的场景:在爱情中,你爱我就必须服从我;爱情就像游戏,玩完这局还有下一局在等着。这些凸显了现代社会中一部分人对爱情的本质缺乏正确的认识。一般情况下,爱情是进入婚姻殿堂的必经之路,以爱情为基础的婚姻往往会是幸福的。那么,作为常被人讨论和关注的爱情到底是什么呢?对于这个问题,众说纷纭。早在1970年罗宾认为:爱情是个体对待特定他人持有的一种态度,包括更加思念对方,希望和对方身体接触,以及特定的行为举止,它有3种成份,即亲密依赖需求,帮助倾向,排他性和占有性倾 N2 - With the development of economy and society, we often see such a scene in the network and in real life: in love, you love me you must obey me; love is like the game comes to an end This bureau also waiting for the next round. These highlight some of the people in modern society the nature of the lack of proper understanding of love. Under normal circumstances, love is the only way to enter the marriage, based on love marriages tend to be happy. So, talking about love in the end, as people often what is it? For this problem, different opinions. As early as 1970 Robin said: Love is an attitude held by a particular individual to treat others, including more miss each other, hope and other physical contact, as well as specific behavior, it has three kinds of ingredients, namely close dependence needs help tendencies, exclusivity and possession of dumping. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ni, Yang A1 - Ji, Yan T1 - Chinese Consumer Alienation at the Crossing Point of Marx and Freud [站在马克思和弗洛伊德的交叉点上看中国的消费异化问题] JF - Journal of Language and Literature Studies [语文学刊], No. 22 (2007), pp. 76-79. N2 - 弗洛姆作为努力尝试着把马克思主义与弗洛伊德的精神分析学说结合起来的代表,他创建了社会性格和社会潜意识理论。弗洛姆把他的理论用于剖析人的异化问题尤其是消费异化问题,这对我们看待中国当今社会的消费异化有着积极的指导意义。 N2 - Fromm as efforts to try to put the theory of Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis to combine representative, he created a social character and social theory of the subconscious. Fromm put his theory to the analysis of human alienation, especially consumer alienation, which we view China's consumer alienation in today's society has a positive significance. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - An, Yang T1 - Fromm's Outlook on Life and Its Contemporary Value 弗洛姆的生存观及其当代价值 JF - The Fortune Times 智富时代, No. 2 (2018), p. 103. N2 - 弗洛姆作为法兰克福学派的主要代表人物之一,他的生存观对马克思主义的异化理论和人本主义理论有着很大程度的借鉴和发展。弗洛姆的生存理论不仅在当时有价值,在日益发展的今天仍然具有很强的现实意义。 N2 - Fromm is one of the main representatives of the Frankfurt School. His concept of existence has a great deal of reference and development to Marxist alienation theory and humanism theory. Fromm's survival theory was not only valuable at the time, but still has a strong practical significance in today's growing development. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yang T1 - Women on the Way Towards Freedom – Female Images in Doris Lessing’s Collection >A Man and Two Women< [自由之路上的女性—多丽丝•莱辛《一个男人和两个女人》中的女性形象研究], Master thesis, Foreign Language and Literature, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 多丽丝•莱辛作为一名极富责任感的作家, 非常关注女性生存状态和她们的命运。她的作品中女性形象众多, 本文旨在关注莱辛在她的短篇小说集《一个男人和两个女人》中的五位典型女性形象。尽管身处不同的处境, 她们都有个共通之处, 即不停止对个人身份以及自由的追寻。>十九号房<中的苏珊为了实现她对自由的渴求最终不得已自杀。>弃心记<中的>我<在目睹了车站上遇见的另一个>我<而后放弃了对男性的情感依赖, 伴随着自我意识的觉醒, >我<最终获得了幸福和自由的情感体验。>老妇与猫<中的贝蒂在当局的压迫下不得不过上四处漂流居无定所的生活却也不失自由随性。>屋顶丽人<中的裸体女主人公则勇敢的与父权主导的社会相对抗, 对来自代表父权制思想的三位男子的骚扰视而不见。她的反抗沉默而有力。>吾友茱蒂丝<中的茱蒂丝是一位彻底的自由女性, 她有着自己的思想和主见。不同于传统女性的生活方式, 她尊重自己的想法按照自己内心的意愿生活, 是莱辛笔下自由女性的代表。通过关注这些女性的生存状态和心路历程, 我们可以看到她们在以各自不同的方式演绎着对自由的追求, 她们这种对自由幸福的追求势必会鼓舞众多女性更加独立自由的活着, 为现代社会女性提供一定程度的借鉴。本文旨在通过分析莱辛短篇小说《一个男人和两个女人》中这五位典型女性对自由追求的不同路径结合弗洛姆对积极自由和消极自由的思考探索现代社会中女性获得自由、实现自我独立人格和人生价值的出路。在弗洛姆看来, 消极自由的实现是对摆脱外界束缚和对外力的依赖而获得的情感体验, 这种自由会让人们更容易陷入孤立。与之相对应的积极自由则是建立在消极自由基础上的一种更高层次的自由, 可以促使人们通过自发性的活动来发挥自我潜能。女性可以通过勇敢的爱别人, 从事有意义的工作并主动融入社会来健全自我的人格、全面发展自己从而获得积极自由。她们对积极自由的追求有益于构建起对自我及社会的认知、发展更健全的人格从而实现与社会与他人的和谐。 N2 - Lessing as a responsible novelist concerns for female living conditions and their fate a lot. There are various types of female images in her works. This thesis aims to analyze five typical female images in her anthology >A Man and Two Women<. Though living in different situations, a common feature of these female images is their struggling for individuality and freedom. Susan in >To Room Nineteen< pursues freedom so hard that she ends her life in the end. >I< in >How I Finally Lost My Heart< abandons my habit of relying on males spiritually, finally obtaining sense of happiness and freedom along with my awakening self-consciousness. Betty in >The Old Woman and the Cat< lives an unsettled life under the pressure of the authority but with her independent and free character. The heroine in >The Woman on a Roof< rebels mutedly but powerfully against the challenge from a male-dominated discourse which is represented by three men of different ages. Judith in >Our Friend Judith< is independent and free from head to toe. Having her own ideas, she does not live a life like many other traditional women do. She follows her heart and lives a free life by virtue of her view of life. She is a representative of free women. Through observing these women’s living condition and their psychological state, we can clearly see their process of seeking individuality in various ways. Their pursuit of individuality and freedom could enlighten and inspire modern women in the world to live freer and happier. This thesis aims to explore ways for women to gain freedom, perfect their independent personalities and achieve life value based on Erich Fromm’s ideology of negative and positive freedom by studying female images seeking freedom constantly in a male-dominated society in Lessing’s collection >A Man and Two Women<. The acquirement of negative freedom is through getting rid of outer bondages, but it could make people feel lonelier. Positive freedom is based on the acquirement of negative freedom, which promotes people to develop their potentials through spontaneous activities. Positive freedom is the center of achieving true freedom. Modern women could develop their personalities and further gain positive freedom by loving others, performing creative work and integrating into the society. The pursuit of positive freedom can help women construct their life value and live with others together in harmony. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Yang T1 - Analysis of Love from the Perspective of Ethics [伦理学视角下分析爱], JF - Masterpieces Review [名作欣赏], No. 8 (2017), pp. 97-98. N2 - 什么是真正的爱似乎每个人都有自己的看法,本文从伦理学角度出发,结合相关文学作品分析什么是真正的爱,爱与喜欢,爱的本质,什么样的例子不算是爱。从这三点出发,最后得出结论爱是付出、是给予,而我们在理解了什么是真正的爱以后要学着去爱。 N2 - What is true love seems everyone has their own views, this article from the ethical point of view, combined with related literary works analysis of what is real love, love and love, the nature of love, what kind of example is not Be love. From these three points, we conclude that love is giving, giving, and we learn to love after we understand what is true love. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Bo T1 - Alienation and Salvation – A Study on Fromm’s Educational Theory [异化与拯救——弗洛姆教育思想研究], Master thesis, Comparative Pedgogy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 2010. N2 - Erich Fromm, a most important figure in Western thinking public, proposed that in the capitalist society where social and human are double aliened. And Fromm has ever shown great concern with education. In his view, education is also aliened. The discussion of theory on education alienation can be found almost everywhere in his famous books which include the missing of freedom, love and creativity. For the alienation theory, Fromm considered that the capitalist society and the people have the need of reform in order to achieve salvation. And he believed that the >new man< needs educational reform, therefore, education played an important role in the salvation which became the new access and the only way to a sane society. This study includes four chapters.– The first chapter outlines the ideological source of Fromm and the current status of research.– Chapter 2 focuses on Fromm’s theory of education which discussed from three aspects, social alienation, human alienation, alienation of education.– Chapter 3 focuses on the theory of Fromm about the salvation of education. Educational reform should based on the reform of society to achieve the new man and the sane society.– In chapter 4, based on Fromm’s educational theory, contact with the development trend of education reform in current world, Fromm’s theories of survival of education, liberal education, love of education and creative education have significance and the great inspiration to today’s education reform of our country. [Author’s translation] N2 - 弗洛姆作为西方思想界的一个重要人物,提出了资本主义社会中社会和人的双重异化理论。同时,弗洛姆对于教育也表现出了极大的关心,在他看来,教育同样出现了异化。弗洛姆关于教育异化思想的论述渗透在其名著中,主要体现在自由、爱和创造性三个方面的缺失。针对异化,弗洛姆认为资本主义的社会和人都需要进行改革,才能实现拯救,教育在其中发挥着重要的作用,教育也就成为通往健全社会和新人的必由之路。本文分为四章:第一章概括介绍弗洛姆思想的来源以及当前的研究现状。第二章主要介绍弗洛姆的教育思想,分别从社会的异化、人的异化、教育的异化三个方面展开论述。第三章主要介绍弗洛姆关于教育异化的拯救思想。在社会改革的基础上进行教育的改革,实现新人和健全的社会。第四章在通过对弗洛姆教育思想研究总结的基础上,联系当前世界教育改革的发展趋势,可以得出其关于生存教育、自由教育、爱的教育以及创造性教育思想的现实意义和对我国教育改革的启示。 Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Bohai T1 - The Possibility to Choose Freedom – Modern Spirit of a Philosophical Problem [自由选择何以可能 - 现代人精神问题的一种哲学寻求], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2011. N2 - The new findings, the physical universe Odd though it sounds, substances are far away from the earth. The Entropy irreversible told us that the universe will eventually collapse British physicist Stephen Hawking facing environmental pollution Your s tendencies to think that much cleverer than it was one thousand years in the next 200 years could perish Natural disasters occurred frequently in 2010, according to statistics have 30 million people died from natural disasters. Various facts seems to be shown to us what, earth how? Once concern about the event, those foxconn employees jumped 80/90 of young man how they 14 even jump seems to be telling us, saying, how? Entropy worldview tells us that man alive is meaningless, the universe is ultimately towards eternal silence, the destiny of man is death. Human civilization will eventually destroyed. So we all the hard work was in vain, are bubble, are self-deceiving just. If we only by the individual's survival as value whether the judgment standard that is wrong. Human existence is the creation of the universe, the essence of man was created. People can't change die facts, also cannot change life. The significance of man lies in the creation of life activities. Each human being is different, but after entering society became the same person, this is how sad thing. Personality is the essence of the universe forever, the human has not been in other known planet found signs of life. Man is a character creation of the universe. Personality is the nature of the life, the home that did not individualize life has no life. People can't escape the personality, most only can deceive others, deceive not inner needs. Society at a certain extent suppresses the person's personality, the person's personality thought latent up became unconscious. We know the person's behavior is conscious behavior, when the behavior of people cannot reflect individual character, can only say that he's freedom may exist on his subconscious. Subconscious question is a complex problem. Freud to subconscious makes a thorough analysis, he thinks the subconscious is individual early sex oppression and traumatic memories. Jung proposed the collective unconscious theory. Fromm's speak social unconsciousness. They from different aspects elaborated subconscious and its influence on the individual. Modern industrial society brought prosperity is unprecedented, it seems that we also see the wonderful world of the future. But we cannot ignore the truth is the earth pollution, the consequences of mountain glaciers, large quantities of animal extinct. We asked again next victim who is it? The end result is human destruction. Death is inevitable, but suicide really can stop. Human suicide behavior from their way of life. The improvement of living standards brings many do not reduce needs, and the needs of the foundation is from natural resources supply. Earth's resources are limited and when one day these resources exhausted, humans do? Humans will not perish in the earth before perish. Human suicidal behavior from multiple individuals of suicides. Pursuing perfection is the person's ideal, but as people itself is not perfect, birth and death cannot be changed regularly. Nietzsche announced that god of death facts, humans have no religious beliefs, no spiritual home, they will be transferred to the survival significance on the body, the pursuit of physical stimulation became value pursuit. Sexual open independences is the AIDS epidemic, individual die from simple physical enjoyment. Modern society cannot avoid being human dissimilation, alienation brings a false sense of satisfaction. Those so-called work happiness is the product of the individual being deceived. Individual freedom is need spare time guarantee. Marx picture for us the communist society, morning, noon, afternoon fishing work painting. Actually mean people out of work the leisure time to develop their own other aspects of potential. Modern society than front is progressive, i.e. the leisure time should be longer. When British workers to push for eight hours of workday chartism today, at its results still retained. But some enterprise workers could not every day to do only eight hours of work. Consider the factory workers is free? It is character? Facing these problems, the paper made his own understanding, in order to solve these problems made philosophical thinking. N2 - 宇宙物理的新的发现,宇宙物质正在远离地球。熵的不可逆性告诉我们宇宙最终会坍缩。英国物理学家霍金面对环境污染悲观认为人类在200年后就可能灭亡。2010年自然灾害频繁发生,据统计有30万人死于自然灾害。种种的事实似乎在向我们说明着什么,地球怎么了?曾经一度引起人们关注的富士康员工跳楼事件,那些80、90的年轻人怎么了,他们14连跳,似乎在向我们说,人怎么了?熵的世界观告诉我们,人活着是没有意义的,宇宙最终是走向永恒的沉寂,人的命运只有死亡。人类的文明最终会毁灭。这样看来我们的所有的努力都是白费,都是泡影,只是自欺欺人而已。如果我们只是以个体的是否生存作为价值的判断标准那就错了。人的存在是宇宙的创造,人的本质是创造。人不能改变要死的事实,同样也不能改变生。人的意义在于生命活动的创造。每个人生来都是不同的,但是进入社会后却成了相同的人,这是多么悲哀的事情。个性是宇宙永恒的本质,人类至今没有在其他已知的星球发现生命的迹象。人就是宇宙的一种个性创造。个性就是人的生命本质,没有个性的生命没有生命。人不能逃避个性,最多只能欺骗别人,欺骗不了自己的内心需要。社会在一定程度上压抑了人的个性,人的个性的思想潜伏起来成为了潜意识。我们知道人的行为是有意识的行为,当人的行为不能体现个性的时候,只能说他的自由的可能存在于他的潜意识里。潜意识的问题是一个复杂的问题。弗洛伊德对潜意识作了深入的分析,他认为潜意识是个体早年的性压抑和创伤记忆。荣格提出了集体无意识的理论。弗洛姆讲社会无意识。他们从不同的方面来阐述潜意识及其对个人的影响。现代工业社会带来的繁荣是空前的,我们似乎也看到了未来的美好世界。但是我们不能忽视的真相是地球污染导致的后果,冰山融化,大批的动物灭绝。我们再问下个受害者是谁?最终的结果是人类的灭亡。死亡是不可逃避的,但自杀确实可以阻止的。人类的自杀式行为来自于他们的生活方式。生活水平的提高带来的是许多的不可降低的需要,而这些需要的基础是来自于自然资源的供给。地球的资源是有限的,当有一天这些资源耗尽时,人类该怎么办?人类会在地球未灭亡之前灭亡。人类的自杀行为来自于多个个体的自杀行为。追求完美是人的理想,但是作为人本身就不是完美的,生老病死是无法改变的规律。尼采宣布上帝死亡的事实,人类没有的宗教的信仰,没有了精神的家园,他们将生存的意义转移到了身体上,追求肉体的刺激成了价值的追求。性开放的恶果是艾滋病流行,个体死于单纯的肉体享受。现代社会不可避免是人的异化,异化带来的是虚假的满足。那些所谓的工作快乐是个体受欺骗的产物。个体的自由是需要闲暇时间的保证的。马克思为我们描绘的共产主义社会里,早上钓鱼,中午工作,下午画画。实际上是说人在工作之余有闲时间发展自己其他方面的潜能。现代社会比起前边是进步的,也就是说这种闲暇时间是应该更长的。当年英国工人争取8小时工作日的宪章运动,在今天它的成果仍然保留着。但是有些企业工人不可能每天只做8小时的工。想一想这样的工厂里的工人是自由的吗?是个性的吗?面对这些问题,本文做了自己的理解,为解决这些问题做了哲学上的思考。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Chengzhou T1 - From Escape of Freedom to Genuine Freedom – Probe into Fromm's Theory of Personality Structure [从逃避自由到真正的自由——弗洛姆的性格结构理论初探] JF - Journal of Anhui University of Technology (Social Sciences) [ 安徽工业大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 4 (2012), pp. 44-45. N2 - Fromm, from the perspective of history of capitalist development, believes that pursuit of personal freedom and emancipation promotes capitalist development, while the developed capitalism makes people lonely and fear. In order to get rid of the sense of fear, they choose to escape from freedom. To achieve genuine freedom, people should establish perfect character. The construction of socialist ethics should guide them to cultivate positive productive character, and promote the coordinate and harmonious development between human beings and society. N2 - 弗洛姆从资本主义的发展历史看到,追求个性自由和解放促进了资本主义的发展,而发展了的资本主义又使人产生了孤独和焦虑感,人们为了摆脱这种焦虑感最终选择了逃避自由。人要真正获得自由就必须建立完善的性格。社会主义道德建设应引导人们积极培养生产性性格,从而促进人与社会协调、和谐发展。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Cunhua T1 - An Analysis of Fromm's Concept of Freedom [弗洛姆的自由观探析], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2007. N2 - Freedom is the theme that people have been trying to search after and the object that people have been trying to obtain in old times. However, people have different opinions of freedom. People mainly think that human can obtain the freedom as soon as the external chains vanish, but Erich Fromm had different ideas. He thought there were dual freedom in the world and found a way to the freedom. His thought has important theoretical and realistic meanings. This thesis is mainly composed of four parts as following.– First part aims at introducing social background and ideological origins which Erich Fromm’s freedom ideology produced, and his special experience that affected his freedom ideology. The days that Fromm lived in was former 80 years of last century, in which various social contradictions were sharp .Two times world war, economic crisis and nuclear weapon brought people huge disaster and became large social laboratory including his special experience. All these things formed realistic basis of his freedom ideology. Freud’s psychoanalysis theory, Marx’s historical materialism theory and alienation theory, Zen Buddhism thought exerted great influence to forming Fromm’s freedom ideology.– Fromm’s freedom ideology is discussed in detail in second part. Firstly, the meaning of Fromm’s freedom is simply explained. His freedom has dual meanings: one is active freedom and the other is passive freedom. Active Freedom is a feeling that people want to do and volunteer to do something, passive freedom is a feeling that people get rid of external chains. Logically active freedom includes passive freedom but passive freedom doesn’t include active freedom. Next, the essay carefully analyzes the relation of freedom and alienation, freedom and spontaneous action, freedom and democracy. The passive freedom that all people attain cannot make the soul peace either can get the active freedom. Only the sound people who do things spontaneously can get active freedom.– The aim of third part is mainly to feel and think freedom. Firstly, according to of the turn of the development of society analysis the attitude and situation, that people chase the freedom. Especially, people in modern society has contradictive thought that people chase freedom and are afraid of attaining it. Next, according to grow of person, state the character of freedom in period of psychology. Different period of society and psychology, people have different attitude on freedom. This suggests freedom is existent essence of human. Freedom exists accompanying human existence. The human development history is also the history that people chase freedom. Freedom is different according to different individuation. All in this meaning is passive freedom. Passive freedom only can make people feel lonely and anxiety and escape from freedom. To eliminate this situation, Fromm gave serial social reform measures to build a sound society. Connection this part with second part is that sound people who live in sound society can get the active freedom and reveal humanity.– The fourth part aims at evaluating Fromm’s freedom ideology properly, according to the rule that getting rid of the bad and absorbing the good. Fromm’s dual freedom ideology provides people with new thread that chase freedom. Psychoanalysis of escaping from freedom deepens the understanding of modern society and our national modern construction. The relationship between freedom and spontaneous action has an important meaning. Analysis of psychology and society provides a worthy method for studying history and analysis of individual. Concrete measures on social reform that Fromm put forward have some suggestive meanings for fast developing China. Meanwhile, because of the limit of history and theory, Fromm’s freedom ideology is inevitably idealistic. He could not find a real path leading to freedom. The text gives the recapitulative comment at last. N2 - 自古以来,>自由<就是人们孜孜不倦探索的话题,也是人们努力要实现的目标。然而,在>自由<这个问题上历来就是众说纷纭,各抒己见。人们大都认为只要消除掉外在的束缚就可以获得自由,但弗洛姆却持有不同的看法,提出双重自由观并论述通向真正自由的道路,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文主体共分四个部分:第一部分,阐述弗洛姆自由思想提出的社会理论背景、社会现实背景及其特殊的生活经历对自由思想的影响。弗洛姆生活的年代也就是上个世纪的前八十年,是各种社会矛盾尖锐的时期,两次世界大战、经济危机、核武器等给人们带来巨大的灾难,也成了生活在其中的弗洛姆的>社会观察室<,再加上自己独特的家庭环境和个人经历就形成了弗洛姆自由思想的现实基础。弗洛伊德的精神分析法,马克思的历史唯物主义和异化理论,东方的禅宗思想都对弗洛姆自由思想的形成产生过重大影响。第二部分,在多重关系中对弗洛姆自由观进行横向分析论述。首先对弗洛姆>自由<的内涵作了简单的说明:>自由<具有双重的含义——积极自由和消极自由。积极自由就是>主动的、自愿的做……的感觉<,在人人平等的基础上尊重个性的发展,在个人自我之上没有更高的权力,自我个性的实现是唯一的目的和最高的目标。消极的自由就是指>摆脱……的束缚而获得的感觉<,是人挣脱了外界的障碍、束缚后的无拘无束、自由自在。在逻辑上积极自由包含消极自由,消极自由则不含积极自由的意思。接下来,详细分析自由和异化、自由和自发性活动、自由和民主的关系。说明了全体异化的人们所获得的消极自由无法让内心安宁,也不能达到积极的自由,只有通过自发性的活动塑造健全的人,才可能寻得积极自由。第三部分,阐述弗洛姆在社会发展和人的心路历程中纵向感悟自由的思想。首先,按照社会发展的顺序,分析在各个时代的人们追求自由的情况和对自由的态度。特别说明了在现代社会人们既追求自由又逃避自由的矛盾心理。接下来,按照个人年龄的增长,说明人们心理各阶段的自由特点。通过社会和人心理各个不同阶段对自由的不同反应说明:自由是人存在的本质,自由伴随着人类的存在而存在,一部人类发展史也是一部人类追求自由的历史,自由随着个体化程度的不同而不同,这个意义上都是消极的自由,消极自由只能让人们感到焦虑、孤独,从而逃避自由。为了消除这种状况,弗洛姆提出一系列的社会改革措施以建立健全的社会。这一部分和第二部分的内容结合起来的思想就是:健全的人在健全的社会里生活才能通达积极自由,使人性充分的展现。第四部分,旨在依据>去其糟粕,取其精华<的原则试图对弗洛姆的自由思想做出恰当的评价。弗洛姆的双重自由观为人们追求自由提供了新的思路;逃避自由的心理分析加深了对现代社会和我国现代建设的理解;自由与自发性活动的关系的论述对现代社会有重要的意义;心理和社会相结合的分析为研究历史事件和分析个人情况提供了一个值得借鉴的方法;提出的社会改革的具体措施对于正在阔步前进的中国有一些启发意义。同时,由于历史和理论的限制,弗洛姆的自由观不可避免的带有空想性,没能找到一条真正可以到达自由的道路。文章最后对弗洛姆自由观的局限性作了概括性评述。 Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Chunhua T1 - Freedom and Escape Mechanisms Root Causes – Interpretation of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< [逃避自由的根源及其机制——解读弗洛姆的《逃避自由》] JF - Qinghai Social Sciences [青海社会科学], No. 3 (2008), pp. 144-147. N2 - 弗洛姆认为现代人比历史上任何时候的人都要自由,然而现代人却没有享受到真正的自由,而是逃避自由。这个结果主要由社会和人心理双重压力所致。一方面,现代社会打破了原来的束缚,获得了很大的自由,但这种自由使得人们在现代社会中感到孤独和焦虑;另一方面,逃避孤独、渴望联系是人性中固有的因素,精神孤独和物质缺乏同样令人无法生存。为了克服孤独,人不得不逃避自由。逃避自由的主要机制就是权威主义、破坏欲和机械趋同。 N2 - Fromm modern than any time in history people should be free, however modern man did not enjoy real freedom, but escape from freedom. This result is mainly due to the dual pressures of social and human psychology. The one hand, the modern society to break the shackles of the original, get a lot of freedom, but this freedom makes people feel lonely and anxiety in modern society; on the other hand, to escape loneliness, desire contact factors inherent in human nature, spirit loneliness and lack of substance equally unable to survive. In order to overcome the loneliness, the people had to escape to freedom. The main mechanism of escape from freedom is authoritarian, destruction for mechanical convergence. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Chunhua A1 - Yi, Zhaojun T1 - Fromm's Concept of Freedom Analysis [弗洛姆的自由观评析] JF - Journal of Liaoning Educational Administration Institute [辽宁教育行政学院学报], No. 11 (2006), pp. 23-24. N2 - 弗洛为自由有两种含义,一种是积极的自由,一种是消极的自由。积极的自由就是指自发的做事,消极姆认的自由指的是解脱什么的束缚。弗洛姆从社会发展的角度指出了人类既追求自由又想摆脱自由的矛盾心理,以此分析了法西斯主义产生的心理原因及现代人的心理空虚,这些对现实都有启发意义。 N2 - Fromm Freedom has two meanings, one is positive freedom, a negative freedom. Positive freedom refers to the spontaneous way of doing things, negative freedom is freed of the shackles of what. Fromm pointed out that from the perspective of social development the human both want to get rid of the free pursuit of freedom ambivalence, this analysis of fascism psychological reasons and the modern psychological emptiness, these has inspired sense of reality. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Deping T1 - On Fromm’s Consumer Alienation Theory and Its Contemporary Value [论弗洛姆消费异化理论及其当代价值] JF - The South of China Today [今日南国(中旬刊)], No. 10 (2010), pp. 55-56. N2 - 弗洛姆指出,现代资本主义社会是一个消费异化的社会,从获取物,使用物到消费物都发生了异化,这种不健康的消费方式造成了社会的紧张。他倡导>建立人本主义公有制<和树立>人道、健康的消费行为<作为扬弃消费异化的手段,对于建设和谐社会有其当代价值。 N2 - Fromm pointed out that modern capitalist society is a consumer society of alienation from the material, the use of material to the Consumer alienation, this unhealthy consumption patterns caused social tensions. He advocates >the establishment of public ownership of the humanistic< and establish a >humanitarian, health and consumer behavior< as sublation consumer alienation means its contemporary value for the building of a harmonious society. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Haifeng T1 - The Psychological Mechanism of Escape from Freedom in Modern Society – Interpreting >Escape from Freedom< [现代社会中逃避自由的心理机制——读《逃避自由》] JF - The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute [江苏行政学院学报], No. 1 (2009), pp. 31-37. N2 - Freedom is the core idea in modern thought, but the when people pursuing it, they get in a state of anti¬nomy: the when people to get freedom, they feel deeply lonely and unsafe, and because of this, they escape from freedom, even give up freedom, and this is the base of fascism. By unifying Marx's historical materialism and Freud's psychoanalysis, Fromm reveals people's contradictory mental state when confronted with freedom, and Fromm maintains that the way of getting rid of the mental state is making full use of man’s creativity and approaching positive freedom. [Author’s translation] N2 - 自由是近代以来西方思想中的核心理念,但对自由的追求却陷入一种二律背反之中:人们在获得自由的同时,却又感到深深的孤独和不安,正是这种孤独与不安,使人们逃避自由,甚至放弃自由,这是法西斯主义得以产生的心理学基础。通过结合弗洛伊德的精神分析学与马克思的历史唯物主义,弗洛姆揭示了现代人在面对自由时的这种矛盾心态,指出要摆脱这种矛盾心态,就必须充分发挥人的创造性,走向积极的自由。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Jiale T1 - Kafka’s and Fromm’s Essential Difference of Ego in >Hunger Artist< [试析卡夫卡和弗洛姆之>自我<的本质差异] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Yibin University [宜宾学院学报], No. 4 (2006), pp. 73-75. N2 - The actors in Kafka’s works seem to be weak. So Fromm suggests that they should have more humanism conscience to solve this problem. And the foundation is ego. But Kafka’s works have confirmed that the ego is nothing but the idol made by modem society. It is the truth that humankind is weak. N2 - 卡夫卡作品中的主人公往往表现出虚弱。弗洛姆针对这种虚弱,提出了>人本良心<作为解决方案。但是,人本良心的基石乃是自我,而卡夫卡的作品本身就已经证明了自我不过是现代社会的一种假设,虚无软弱反而是更为真实的生存状态。 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Junyi T1 - Fromm's Social Character and Social Unconscious Theory [弗洛姆的社会性格与社会无意识理论述评] JF - Journal of Liaoning Educational Administration Institute [辽宁教育行政学院学报] , No. 2 (1991), pp. 15-20. N2 - 弗洛姆是法兰克福学派的重要成员,他独具特色的社会批判理论是把弗洛伊德主义和马克思主义综合起来的产物。弗洛姆认为,就比较而言,马克思所思考的深度和广度都远远地超过了弗洛伊德,因为马克思把人道主义、德国哲学和人类的经济生活结合起来,为人和社会的学说,奠定了基础。但是,面对二十世纪,西方社会生活全方位的变化,有关人与社会的研究就不能仅仅满足于描述社会结构的变化,还应该把社会主体自 N2 - Fromm is an important member of the Frankfurt School critical theory of society is his unique Freudianism and Marxism combined product. Fromm believes that the purposes of comparison, the depth and breadth of Marx's thinking are far more than Freud, Marx combined humanitarian, and economic life of German philosophy and human, human and social doctrine, laid the foundation. However, in the face of a full range of changes of the 20th century, western society, about man and society cannot be satisfied merely to describe the change of social structure, should also social subjects since […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 1991 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Li T1 - Love is the Best Salvation – Fromm's Love Analysis Reread [爱是最好的救赎——弗罗姆>爱<的重读与评析] JF - Journal of Changsha Railway University (Social Science) [长沙铁道学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 4 (2011), pp. 62-64. N2 - 弗洛姆爱的理论指出了现代西方社会爱的异化和衰亡;指出了爱是一种能力,是整体人格的展现,是一个人是否拥有成熟的人格的体现;人们需要努力健全自己的人格,培养创造性人格,才有能力去爱,才能发展爱的能力。爱是人类走出生存困境的解决方式,是西方社会问题的救赎之道。弗洛姆对爱的论述是其对当代西方社会进行批判的产物,同时也是他试图综合弗洛伊德和马克思思想的结果。 N2 - Fromm love theory pointed out that the alienation of modern Western society love and decay; pointed out that love is an ability, is the whole personality of the show, whether a person has a mature personality manifestation; people need to work a sound of their own personality, the to cultivate creative personality, have the ability to love, can develop the ability to love. Love is a human out of the survival plight solution, the Western social issues Redemption Road. Fromm discourse on love is a product of its criticism of contemporary Western society, and also the results of the comprehensive Freud and Marx thought he tried. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Lin T1 - What is Love? – Comments on Fromm's >The Art of Loving< [爱是什么——述评弗洛姆《爱的艺术》] JF - Journal of Chongqing University of Technology (Social Science) [重庆理工大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 5 (2007), pp. 83-87. N2 - Fromm holds that love is the answer to the question of the existence of human beings; the essence of love is >giving<; love includes forms of universal love, maternal love, sexual love, self-respect, loving of God, etc, but all love forms include the basic factors of concern, responsibility, respect, understanding, etc. The contemporary western social structure and western culture cause the alienation of western society and the decline and fall of love. Fromm’s theory of love emphasizes on the problem of love from the angle of psychology, having his reasonable factors and progressing significance. N2 - 弗洛姆认为爱是对人类生存问题的回答;爱的本质是>给予<;爱包括博爱、母爱、性爱、自爱、神爱等形式,但所有爱的形式都包含关心、责任心、尊重和了解等基本要素。而当代西方的社会结构和西方文化导致了西方社会爱的异化和爱情衰亡。弗洛姆关于爱的理论着重从心理学的角度去探讨爱的问题,有其合理因素和进步意义。 Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shengping A1 - Li, Jinjuan T1 - A New Exploration of Fromm’s Theory of Ideology [弗洛姆意识形态理论新探] JF - Study & Exploration [ 学习与探索], No. 9 (2012), pp. 21-25. N2 - 弗洛姆继承了弗洛伊德与马克思的相关学说,从社会主体出发 以>社会性格<与>社会无意识<为概念工具,揭示了资本主义意识形态的精神分析基础。他认为意识形态主要运用社会过滤器即语言、逻辑与社会禁忌来压制社会 成员的无意识进而异化社会性格结构,而要消除这种意识形态的压制就要进行社会变革与心理革命,建构一个健全的社会。尽管他试图综合并超越弗洛伊德与马克思 的相关学说,但由于他没有科学理解马克思的唯物史观,其意识形态理论最终难以完成建构健全社会这一理想目标。 N2 - Fromm inherited the related doctrine of Freud and Marx, starting from the social body >social character< and >social unconscious< as a conceptual tool reveals psychoanalytic foundation of capitalist ideology. In his view the ideology primarily use the social filters that language, logic and social taboos to suppress unconscious and thus alienated social character structure of the members of society, and to eliminate this ideological repression is necessary for social change and psychological revolution, to construct a sound society. Although he tried to comprehensive and exceed the related doctrine of Freud and Marx, but because he did not have the scientific understanding of historical materialism of Marx, the theory of ideology ultimately difficult to complete the construction of a sound social ideal target. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shuqin T1 - Freedom >Confused< – On Fromm's >Escape from Freedom<[自由的>困惑<——弗洛姆论逃避自由] JF - Journal of Sanming University [三明学院学报], No. 3 (1998), pp. 31-35. N2 - 在漫长的并且实际上从未间断的争取自由的战斗中,一些阶级曾经也为自由而战,一旦赢得了胜利,也需要维护新的特权,就摇身一变成了自由的敌人。尽管充满着曲折和反复,自由还是通过战争而获得进展。束缚一个接一个地被解除。人已推翻了大自然的统治,使自己成为自己的主人;人已推翻了教会的控制和专制国家,人类相信自由似乎即将实现。但一次 N2 - In the long and actually never stopped fighting for freedom, some classes have also had the fight for freedom, once won a victory, but also need to maintain a new privilege, it transformed into freedom enemy. Although full of twists and turns, Freedom or obtained through war progress. Bound to be released one by one. Who have overturned the rule of nature, to become masters of their own; person has overturned the church's control and authoritarian state, human beings believe that freedom seems to coming true. But once […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Weijun T1 - The Fromm Consumer Alienation Theory and Its Inspiration for a Ecological Civilization [弗洛姆消费异化理论及其对我国生态文明建设的启示] JF - Journal of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry (Social Science) [郑州轻工业学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 4 (2012), pp. 15-19. N2 - 弗洛姆对资本主义社会的消费异化现象进行了深刻的批判,认为现代资本主义是一个消费异化的社会:人所创造的世界反过来成为人的主宰者,商品的使用价值被遮蔽,消费从手段变成目的,人们对商品的原理日趋陌生,人们的闲暇时光也因为消费异化而失去了充满意义的、创造性的体验,人与人的关系被异化为商品与商品的关系,人与自身的关系也处于具有>市场倾向<的异化状态;消费异化还带来了人类的生存危机以及人类的真爱迷茫和幸福的丧失。弗洛姆认为,资本主义社会之资本增殖、价值缺位、生产延伸和欲望失控,是造成这种消费异化的主要原因。我国在推进生态文明建设、和谐社会建设和可持续发展战略中,可借鉴弗洛姆批判消费异化的相关意见,树立>重生存<的生存方式,建立生态消费的新模式,注重精神健康的实际需要,关注弱势群体的消费需求,真正做到以实现人的全面发展为目标,使消费回归>为人<宗旨,以促进我国的和谐社会建设和经济社会的可持续发展 N2 - Fromm the consumer alienation of capitalist society a profound criticism that the world created by the social alienation of modern capitalism is a consumer: people, in turn, become the master of the people, the value of goods shaded, consumer means become increasingly strange people on the principle of people's leisure time but also because of consumer alienation and lost sense, creative experience, and interpersonal relationships alienation of goods and commodities relationship with its own people in a >market orientation< state of alienation; the consumption Alienation bring loss of the crisis of human survival and human love confused and happy. Fromm believes that the proliferation of the capital of the capitalist society, the value of the absence of production extends and the desire to get out of control, causing the main reason for the alienation of such consumption. Promote ecological civilization construction, the building of a harmonious society and sustainable development strategy, the country can learn from the Fromm critical consumer alienation advice, establish a way of life >survival<, the establishment of the new model of eco-consumption, focusing on the mental health of the actual need consumer demand attention to vulnerable groups, truly achieve comprehensive development goals, the consumer regression and his purpose to promote the sustainable development of our harmonious society building and economic and social. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Xi T1 - The Alienation Characteristic in Merchant Characters of Dickens' Works [论狄更斯作品商人形象的异化特征], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - This article analyzes the merchant characters selected from Charles Dickens' works. In his works have a common characteristic, in a word: Successful career does not bring happiness. Often have great material wealth and social impacts admired by others, however, their emotional life and fate were invariably failed to bring happiness, mainly caused by their personality alienation. While the ability to change the nature and outside world is continuously increased, the mental and emotional crisis was intensified, producing all kinds of personality alienation, especially in western countries. Therefore, this article uses the theory of alienation of personality from Fromm to analyze the merchants selected from Dickens's novels, hoping to achieve a deep understanding of these characters. This article is composed by three parts, including the introduction, body and conclusion. The introduction presents the current status of researching Dickens, the meaning of the topic, the introduction and review of alienation theory. The body includes three chapters.– Merchants which demonstrate the characteristics of alienation from the abused type, the self- sacrifice type, the abusive type and the destructive type were analyzed in the first chapter. Since the personality of abused type and the self-sacrifice type are often mixed, the descriptions to these two types are combined.– Through the analysis of individual alienation in the second chapter, the author finds that the lack of creativity in love and the ability to work is the key factor for alienating the individual personality.– In the third chapter, the author analyzes the causes of alienation from social impacts, concluding that the suppressing to the uniqueness of individual nature and the cultivation of false ideal are the major social factors contributing to the individual alienation. At the last part, this article analyzes and describes the awakening thought and the ideal of serving society conveyed through the alienation features in Dickens's merchant characters. N2 - 本文主要选取狄更斯作品中商人形象展开探讨。狄更斯笔下大部分商人形象存在一个共同特征,就是事业的成功却无法带来个人生活的美好结局。他笔下的商人往往是芸芸众生中的强有力者,无论所取得的物质财富或是社会地位都使旁人艳羡,然而却在情感生活和命运归宿上却无法获得幸福,究其原因,与他们人格上的异变有很大关系。弗洛姆则认为,人改造自然和外界的能力在不断增强的同时,心理和情感危机却在持续的加剧,出现了种种的人格异化形态,尤其在资本主义社会更是如此。因此,本文主要采用弗洛姆异化理论切入对狄更斯作品商人形象的分析,以求能够深究其内涵。本文主要由绪论、主体、结语三个部分组成。绪论部分综述了当前国际国内狄更斯研究现状及本文论题的提出及意义,同时对异化理论进行了回溯和介绍。主体部分由三个章节组成,在第一章,本文对狄更斯笔下商人形象体现出的受虐型、舍我型、施虐型以及破坏型的异化特征进行了具体分析,由于受虐型与舍我型人格常交织体现,因此对这两者的阐述是结合进行的;在第二章,本文分析了异化人格形成的个体原因,认为个体在爱与工作活动中创造性能力的缺乏,是导致其人格出现异化的关键因素;第三章中本文对异化的社会原因进行了分析,认为对个体独特性的打压以及虚假理想的培植,是导致异化产生的重要社会因素。在最后的结语部分,本文对狄更斯希望通过其商人形象塑造而传达出的醒世思想和济世理想进行了分析 Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Xiaolei T1 - >Bell Jar< under Life's Journey [>钟形罩<下的人生旅程] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Science & Technology Information [科技信息], No. 24 (2011), p. 557. N2 - In this paper, Fromm's theory of the life of the forward and reverse analysis of Sylvia Plath's autobiographical novel >bell jar<, pointed out that the protagonist Esther after three stages of life: life spiritual crisis and return to the 1950s American society, in a society in transition. N2 - 本文运用弗洛姆的前进与倒退方面的生命理论分析西尔维娅.普拉斯的自传体小说《钟形罩》,指出了主人公埃斯特人生历经三个阶段:生命,精神危机以及回归50年代处于社会转型期的美国社会。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yuanyuan A1 - Liu, Houtian A1 - Jiang, Ping T1 - On Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< Concept [试论弗洛姆的>逃避自由<观] JF - Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) [ 广西民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ], No. S1 (2007), pp. 126-127. N2 - 弗洛姆是西方马克思主义的重要代表人物,他把自由的获得与自由的丧失视为共生的两极,人类越是获得自由,同时也就意味着越是丧失自由。现代人陷人了普遍的生存困惑中,从而选择了>逃避自由<。 N2 - Fromm important representatives of Western Marxism, his freedom get considered symbiotic poles with the loss of freedom, human more free, at the same time means more loss of freedom. Modern trap people the popular survival confused, select the >escape from freedom<. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xie, Longjun A1 - Yang, Yongjin T1 - On Fromm’s Critical Theory of Society [弗洛姆社会批判理论浅议] JF - Xiang Chao (Second Half) [湘潮(下半月) ], No. 1 (2013), pp. 71-72. N2 - 弗洛姆作为一名社会心理学家,对他所处的时代人类的生存状况非常关切,经过他多年的临床实践和学术探索,对如何构建一个适合人类生存的健全社会提出了一个可供实施的方案,即通过政治、经济和文化这三方面同时进行改革,方能达到目的。 N2 - Fromm as a social psychologist, live in an era of his situation is very concerned about the survival of humanity, through his years of clinical practice and academic exploration of how to build a healthy society for human survival raised one for the implementation of the scheme, namely through political, economic and cultural reforms in these three areas simultaneously in order to achieve their goals. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Xiaomin A1 - Yang, Yinghui T1 - Inspiration to Development of Confucianism from Erich Fromm's Theory of Love [弗洛姆关于爱的理论对儒学发展的启示] JF - Journal of West Anhui University [皖西学院学报], No. 1 (2013), pp. 34-37. N2 - As we all know, Confucians believe that the love of humanity is from love of flesh and blood to other people. Erich Fromm analyzes the human's act of love from viewpoint of reality. Erich Fromm believes that to love one's flesh and blood is right and proper and is not difficult. Erich Fromm respects the love from one's own to others more with the hope of spreading love to kinsmen to the human being. Therefore, there are a lot of similarities as well as some differences between Confucianism's and Fromm's theory of love. Compared with the classic philosophy statements of Confucianism, it is more vital for Fromm's theory of love which is melted into the new era. Aiming the modern society is the new path of development for Confucianism. N2 - 众所周知,儒家关于爱的先后顺序的理论是由己及人,再及天地万物的。艾.弗洛姆从现实的角度分析了人类关于爱的行为。弗洛姆认为人对骨肉之亲的爱是天经地义的,并且是不难的。弗洛姆更推崇对整个人类的爱,希望人们把对亲人的爱推及到整个人类。弗洛姆和儒家关于爱的理论有异有同,相比于儒家古典的哲学论证,融合于新时代的弗洛姆爱的理论更具有生命力。立足于现代社会是儒家发展的新路向。 Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shu, Yang T1 - Dilemma of Freedom – Interpretation of Fromm's Freedom Philosophy [自由的困境——解读弗洛姆的自由哲学] JF - Journal of Chongqing Radio Television University [重庆广播电视大学学报], No. 3 (2009), pp. 37-39. N2 - Fromm, psychoanalysis, sociology-based, build their own unique view of freedom. He believes that in modern capitalist society, people in a dilemma: both aspire to the pursuit of freedom, but also unbearable thus arising from the spirit alone, turn to trying to escape from freedom, however, escape the way to freedom is not a modern man out of the woods, positive freedom is avoid alone the best way to spontaneous love and the creation of this positive the only effective way to freedom. N2 - 弗洛姆以精神分析社会学为基础,构建了自己独特的自由观。他认为,在现代资本主义社会中,人处于两难困境之中:既向往、追求自由,又难以忍受由此而产生的精神孤独,转而想方设法地逃避自由。但是,逃避自由不是现代人摆脱困境的出路,实现积极的自由才是避免孤独的最佳方式,而自发性的爱与创造是获得这种积极自由的唯一有效途径。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Abo T1 - Freedom, Sound and Sound Society: An Interpretation of Fromm's Thought [化、自由与健全的社会:对弗洛姆思想的解读] JF - Youth Years [青春岁月], No. 5 (2017), pp. 222-223. N2 - 作为精神分析学派的重要人物,埃里希•弗洛姆通过对法西斯社会的人格分析,指出逃避自由是由于人类个体人格的不健康,是一种非生产性人格在作祟。他指出,健全的社会与非占有性存在才是出路。 N2 - As an important figure in the psychoanalytic school, Erich Fromm's analysis of the personality of the fascist society points out that the avoidance of freedom is due to the unhealthyness of the individual's personality, which is a non-productive personality at work. He pointed out that a sound social and non-possessive existence is the way out. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Dongzhu T1 - Consumption Alienation and Its Humanitarian Redemption – An Analysis of Fromm's View of Humanitarian Consumption [消费异化及其人道救赎——弗洛姆的人道主义消费观解析] JF - Social Sciences Review [社科纵横], No. 5 (2017), pp. 50-54. N2 - 面对西方国家消费观念和消费方式的变化,弗洛姆从人本主义的立场出发,运用社会心理学方法对西方国家的消费状况做了深刻分析。他认为,在西方社会,异化已经由生产领域侵入到消费领域,消费不再是一种生活手段,而是蜕变成了生活目的,人们消费的商品、媒介、过程和结果都发生了异化。消费异化的本质是人的异化,严重影响了人的自由全面发展。弗洛姆并没有把目光停留在单纯的理性批判之上,而是从人道主义角度提出了解决方案。但由于这些方案只是致力于实现对西方社会消费方式的点滴改良,因而不可能从根本上解决消费异化问题。 N2 - In the face of changes in consumer attitudes and patterns of consumption in the West, Fromm from the standpoint of humanism, the use of social psychology methods to Western countries to do a profound analysis of the consumption situation. He believes that in Western society, alienation has been invaded by the production areas into the consumer, consumption is no longer a means of life, but transformed into a purpose of life, people consume goods, media, processes and results have alienated. The essence of consumption alienation is human alienation, which seriously affects the free and comprehensive development of human beings. Fromm did not keep his eyes on purely rational criticism, but instead proposed a solution from a humanitarian point of view. But because these programs are only committed to the realization of the Western way of consumption of the bit of improvement, it is impossible to fundamentally solve the problem of consumption alienation. [Automatic translation]. Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Ling T1 - Fromm's Alienation Theory and Realistic Enlightenment 弗洛姆的异化论及现实启示 JF - Theoretic Observation 理论观察, No. 1 (2018), pp. 15-17. N2 - 异化是贯穿人类社会发展始终的一种社会现象,并没有随着人类社会物质生活水平的提升而消除。实际上,随着技术的发展,人类生活水平的提升,人们反而感到内心更加的迷茫,感到被物所控制,这就是异化的表现。弗洛姆对现代资本主义社会中人的异化问题作了深入的分析与批判,并探寻使人克服异化走向健全的有效路径。准确理解弗洛姆的异化理论,对分析与解决我国社会中的一些问题,推进全面建成小康社会化也具有重要的启示。 N2 - Alienation is a social phenomenon that has always existed throughout the development of human society. It has not been eliminated with the improvement of the material life of human society. In fact, with the development of technology, the improvement of people’s living standards, people feel that their hearts are more confused and feel controlled by things. This is a manifestation of alienation. Fromm made an in-depth analysis and criticism of the alienation of human beings in modern capitalist society and explored an effective way to make people overcome alienation towards soundness. Accurately understanding Fromm's theory of alienation has important implications for analyzing and solving some problems in our society and promoting the socialization of building an overall well-to-do society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Mei T1 - The Spiritual Crisis of Contemporary American Intellectuals in >Herzog< [论《赫索格》中美国当代知识分子的精神困境], Master thesis, Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Nanhua University, Dalin, Chiayi, Taiwan 2017 [ application of Fromm's Theories to art]. N2 - 当代美国杰出的小说家索尔?贝娄(1915-2005),二战后美国犹太裔小说家,诺贝尔文学奖获得者。贝娄的代表作《赫索格》(1964)展现了主人公摩西赫索格五天旅行中的混乱的思绪,苦闷与迷茫,追寻于探索,精神受难。真实地再现了美国当代知识分子在现代社会中的挫败感、迷茫、对人生意义的追寻与自我调整。国内外学者多用存在主义、女性主义、原型批评等相关理论对小说进行分析,很少有人从认知诗学及弗洛姆的人本主义精神分析视角解读该小说的主题。该研究以长篇小说《赫索格》为研究对象,运用认知诗学中心理空间理论和弗洛姆的人本精神分析理论,探讨《赫索格》中的主人公赫索格的婚姻危机、事业危机、自我身份危机。通过文本细读,本论文综合分析赫索格的心理空间的意义构建、美国现代知识分子的生活与学术困境、后现代性中的>精神分裂<现象,追踪主人公的心路历程。首先,论文从心理空间理论入手,突出故事的后现代语境、主人公与社会之间的裂隙,强调赫索格是有一定思想深度与独立见解的美国当代知识分子。从他对真理的追求与信念、他自身的弱点,勾勒出晚期资本主义社会所造成的>人生的空虚<、人性的扭曲,以及主人公形象所具有的普遍性与意义。该研究借用弗洛姆的人本精神分析理论,追踪赫索格走出精神困境的路径。论文指出,赫索格具有复杂的精神诉求:既渴望集体生活又与社会疏离,既要有确定的身份又拒绝身份的羁绊,既要求人际关系的平等又追求与众不同。他的人生充满了无奈与无力感,但他依旧有知识的深厚积淀、对社会的深刻洞察力、强烈的家庭责任感。种种人生起伏,恰恰成就了他的优秀品质与自我身份。最后,赫索格在通过写信释放自我,回归本真,及亲朋的关爱及大自然的精神滋养下,改善人际关系,拥抱生活,走出了精神困境。研究发现了赫索格的心理空间的意义构建以及他所代表的美国现代知识分子的精神困境。文本再现了美国现代大众社会对>知识分子的自我<的消解,试图为赫索格找一条既不逃避现实又保持个性独立的理想道路,体现了作者对生命意义的追求。对文本的心理空间分析表明,赫索格与他人、与社会的互动,是人类(尤其是美国当代知识分子)生活的常态。当代知识分子能够在各种消解自我的压力下幸存并维持知识分子的良知,其实维系着人类社会的光明与未来。赫索格的精神危机,反映了社会经济发展过程中带来的社会成员的精神危机。因此,为身处同样经济飞速发展的当代中国人,提供借鉴。 N2 - Saul Bellow (1915–2005), an eminent contemporary American novelist, won extraordinarily great literary achievements in his life and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. Bellow’s masterpiece >Herzog< (1964) demonstrates the sense of frustration, confusion, quest for the meaning of life and self-adjustment of the contemporary American intellectuals in the society. Many scholars at home and abroad carried out analyses about the novel from the theories of existentialism, feminism, archetypal criticism and other suitable theories, but there have been few analyses to explore the themes of the novel from the perspective of cognitive poetics and Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis. By closely reading the text, this thesis takes Herzog as research subject, synthetically analyzes the features of Herzog’s mental world, the dilemmas in American contemporary intellectuals’ life and academic activities, the postmodern schizophrenic phenomenon, and traces the protagonist’s journey of soul. The research attempts to analyze the text from the perspective of Mental Space Theory by foregrounding its post-modern context and the protagonist’s disjuncture from society, emphasizing that Herzog is a contemporary American intellectual with in-depth thought and independent views. From his pursuit of truth and faith and his own weaknesses, this research sketches the contours of the sense of emptiness, the distortion of human nature caused by capitalist society, and the universal meaning in the image of the protagonist. Drawing on Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis, simultaneously the thesis traces the ways of Herzog’s self-redemption, analyzing Herzog’s marital crisis, career crisis, crisis of his self. As the thesis points out, Herzog has a complex spiritual quest. He longs for the community life but is alienated from society;he desires for clear identity but refuses to the fetters of identity; he wants interpersonal equality but pursues to be out of the ordinary. His life is full of helplessness and powerlessness, but he still has a large accumulation of knowledge, profound perception of the society, and strong sense of family responsibility. All the ups and downs in his life just bring out his good qualities and his self-identity. And finally, it proves that Herzog walked out of his spirit dilemma with the release of the Self, the care from his family and friends as well as the spiritual nurture from Nature so that a healthy relationship with the Self, the society and the world is built. The research makes a summary of the features of Herzog’s mental space and spiritual predicament of American intellectuals represented by Herzog. It holds the following opinions: First, the text represents the dissolution of the intellectuals’ selves by contemporary massive society, tries to find out an ideal way of both being in reality and keeping one’s individuality, and embodying the author’s quest for the meaning of life; second, the analysis of mental world shows that the interactions between Herzog, people around him and the society is actually the normalcy of human beings, especially contemporary American intellectuals; third, it is not easy for contemporary intellectuals to sustain their conscience under the various pressures of self-dissolution. Their efforts are actually the foundation for human bright future. Herzog’s spiritual crisis reflects spiritual crisis of social members brought in the process of social economic development. Therefore, this thesis provides reference for the contemporary Chinese who are experiencing the rapid economic development. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Yun T1 - An Unconquerable Spiritual Predicament: Loneliness in the Novels of Carson McCullers and Su Tong [无法摆脱的精神困境:卡森•麦卡勒斯和苏童小说中的孤独主题比较研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 以>孤独的猎手<著称的二十世纪美国南方作家卡森•麦卡勒斯和中国当代>先锋<文学的代表作家之一苏童,尽管生活时代和文化背景有着巨大的差异性,但两位作家都在作品中关注现代化进程中个体生活的孤独,尤其是隔绝的南方世界里底层的边缘化的人物的孤独。目前评论界对两位作家单一的研究较多,但是比较研究鲜少涉及,对于两位作家作品中孤独主题的比较研究更不多见。本文从比较文学主题学研究角度出发,用平行研究的方法,通过对两位作家经典作品的分析,研究两位作家在作品中是如何呈现孤独这一主题,揭示两人孤独主题书写的同中之异与异中之同,探讨两位作家孤独主题写作的现实意义和审美意义。引言部分是对两位作家研究现状的分析,重点回顾了与本文相关的研究成果,并简要说明论文的研究意义和方法。第一章从边缘化的人物和隔绝的南方世界两方面,分析两位作家对孤独主题的文本呈现。论文认为这些边缘化的人物都表现出对于归属感、爱和精神支柱共同的追求。此外,虽然两位作家笔下的南方各有特点,但隔绝、工业化以及暴力却是构成他们笔下孤独南方的共同因素。第二章以>颠覆<为关键词,运用巴赫金狂欢化诗学理论,认为孤独中的人们并不是一味的受孤独的压迫,而是在短时间内通过>狂欢<和>逃离<的方式实现对孤独的颠覆。然而,颠覆孤独的努力最终宣告失败,作品中的人物再次陷入更深的孤独之中。因此第三章,运用弗洛姆关于孤独和异化的理论,从社会现实和个体困境两方面分析颠覆孤独失败的原因。结论部分对两位作家进行综合比较,总结两位作家在对孤独主题的呈现中表现出共同的>孤独-颠覆孤独-失败<的模式和不同的刻画孤独的艺术手法,揭示孤独的普遍性和无可避免性,阐释两位作家孤独主题写作的现实意义和审美意义。一方面,两位作家对孤独主题的共同关注和体认为我们反思当下人类的精神状况提供不可或缺的镜鉴。另一方面,两位作家对孤独主题的探索进一步深化和丰富了孤独主题在世界文学中的表现;苏童对意象的运用以及麦卡勒斯对怪诞形象,尤其是对双性人形象的关注,都体现出两位作家孤独主题书写的独特性和艺术价值。 N2 - >The Lonely Hunter< Carson McCullers in the south of America in the twentieth century and Su Tong, one of the representatives of the >avant-garde< literature in contemporary China, in spite of great differences in times and cultures, share their common concern of the loneliness of marginalized characters in their respective isolated southern worlds that were in the process of further modernization. Studies on the two writers have mainly focused on their respective works and comparative study is quite scarce. Comparative study on the theme of loneliness in their novels is even less. Based on the thematology in comparative literature, this thesis intends to make a parallel study on the theme of loneliness in their novels. By close reading of the selected works, the thesis aims to unravel the representation of loneliness in their novels, analyze similarities and differences in their loneliness writing and explore the realistic and aesthetic significance of their writing of loneliness. The introduction part begins with a close analysis of the related studies on the theme, and clarifies the significance and methodology of this study. Chapter one analyzes the textual representation of loneliness from marginalized characters and southern worlds. The thesis thinks characters are isolated and marginalized in their common pursuit of belonging, love and spiritual sustenance, which gives rise to their loneliness. Moreover, the southern worlds they created based on their hometowns are endowed with the common elements of isolation, industrialization and violence though they are different in many ways. Chapter two focuses on the keyword of >subversion< with the help of Bakhtin’s theory of carnivalization. The author of this thesis finds that lonely people are not confined in the cell of loneliness all the time, instead they always attempt at subversion of loneliness through the way of carnivalization and the way of escape. However, the characters’ subversion of loneliness is doomed and they are trapped in deeper loneliness once again. Therefore, based on Fromm’s theory on loneliness and alienation, chapter three analyzes the causes of the failed subversion of loneliness from the perspective of social oppression and personal plight to reveal that characters are caught in unconquerable spiritual predicament eventually. The concluding part is a comprehensive comparison of the two writers; it summarizes the common pattern of >oneliness-subversion of loneliness-failure< and the different artistic techniques of the representation of loneliness in their novels, discloses the universality and inevitability of loneliness, and analyzes the realistic and aesthetic significance of the writing of loneliness. On the one hand, their common humanistic and thought-provoking concerns about the spiritual predicament and existential crisis of human beings provide us with the indispensable mirror to reflect on human spiritual condition in contemporary times. On the other hand, loneliness in their novels furthers to deepen and enrich the writing of loneliness in world literature; the application of images in Su Tong’s novels and the concern of the grotesques, especially androgynous characters in McCullers’s works both present their uniqueness and aesthetic values in loneliness writing. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yuze T1 - Life can not be met [生活不容苟且] JF - Pivot [支点], No. 12 (2017), p. 94. N2 - 有一种说法,认为世界上很多人失去了爱的能力,或曰>爱无能<。他们不会爱,也得不到爱。其实,很多人不仅仅失去了爱的能力,更是失去了生活的能力。难道生活还需要特殊能力吗?只要有工作,能挣钱,就能养家活口,>活着<就不成问题。但生活能力不止于此,它要求我们认认真真、一丝不苟地活着,注重生活的细节。若生活能力欠缺,日子就难言幸福。 N2 - There is a saying that many people in the world have lost the ability to love or >love incompetence.< They do not love or love. In fact, many people not only lose their ability to love, but also lose their ability to live. Is life still in need of special abilities? As long as you have a job and can make money, you can feed your family and live. >Living< is not a problem. But living more than that, it requires us to be conscientious, meticulous to live, pay attention to the details of life. If lack of living ability the days can hardly be happy. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Dandan T1 - On the Theme of Love Disintegration in >Olive Kitteridge< [论《奥丽芙•基特里奇》中爱的衰亡主题], Master thesis, Foreign Language and Literature, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2016 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 《奥丽芙•基特里奇》是伊丽莎白•斯特劳特的第四部小说,于2008年出版,并于2009年获得普利策小说奖。伊丽莎白•斯特劳特是美国现代杰出的女性作家,她的作品以精妙结构和动人情感闻名美国文坛。《奥丽芙•基特里奇》以缅因州的克洛斯比镇为背景,讲述了小镇居民由于缺少爱的基本要素,他们的爱在婚外恋、厌食症、抑郁症中衰亡的故事。爱的衰亡在《奥丽芙•基特里奇》中是人物们的普遍心理状态,也是现代社会普遍存在的状态,因而从爱的衰亡角度来研究该小说具有一定价值。弗洛姆的新精神分析理论把爱的理论作为其核心内容,他认为爱是出于人克服生存困境的需要,也是对人类生存问题的真正解决。人类只有满足爱的基本要素、分辨出假爱情,并在爱的实践中成功,才能逃离爱的衰亡。目前学术界对于该书的研究主要集中于分析作品中的婚恋创伤和老人关怀,很少有学者从爱的衰亡角度来研究该小说。本论文采用文本细读的方法,并结合弗洛姆爱的理论来分析小说中人物爱的衰亡的表现、爱的衰亡的原因和如何从爱的衰亡中逃离,从而讨论爱的衰亡主题。论文分为五章。第一章介绍作者生平和小说《奥丽芙•基特里奇》以及爱的理论,综述并梳理了他人的研究。第二章分析小说人物爱的衰亡表现。主人公奥丽芙陷入了投射的假爱,走上了婚外恋的歧途;妮娜沉溺于偶像化的假爱,被厌食症折磨;凯文局限于多愁善感的假爱,成为了抑郁症受害者。第三章探讨小说人物爱的衰亡原因。奥丽芙缺乏对爱的认识,导致和丈夫关系不和;妮娜的爱缺乏责任心,在痛苦恋爱中走向衰亡;凯文的爱缺乏心甘情愿的给予。第四章挖掘小说人物从爱的衰亡中恢复的方式。奥丽芙没能克服自恋,和丈夫保持貌合神离的关系;妮娜尝试重建对爱的信心,但是不幸失败,没能摆脱衰亡的爱;凯文重获了对爱的积极态度,主动终止了自杀,走出了爱的衰亡。第五章概述论文研究发现、局限性以及未来的研究方向,并揭示了爱的衰亡是现代社会的一大危机,唯有爱才是对人类生存问题的唯一解答。作者从小说中三个人物爱的衰亡生动地再现了现代人的精神生活危机。 N2 - >Olive Kitteridge<, Elizabeth Strout’s fourth novel, was published in 2008 and awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 2009. She is an outstanding contemporary female writer in America. Strout’s works are famous for her delicate framework and heart-wrenching emotion. >Olive Kitteridge< is based on Crosby, Maine. The residents are suffering from the love disintegration of extramarital affair, anorexia nervosa and depressive disorder because of their deficiency of love elements. In >Olive Kitteridge<, love disintegration is a general psychological state of all characters. It is also a general situation of contemporary society. Therefore, there are certain values to research from this approach. The theory of love is the core content in Fromm’s neo-psychoanalytic theory. He argues that love is out of people’s need to fight with existential dilemma and it is the true answer to the problem of human existence. Human beings have to possess elements of love, distinguish pseudo-love and succeed in love practice to recover from love disintegration. Most of the research works concern on the marital trauma and the caring for the aging people in this novel instead of analyzing it from the perspective of love disintegration. This thesis endeavors to interpret >Olive Kitteridge< from the perspective of love disintegration through the syndromes and the causes of love disintegration and the process of recovery of the characters, depending on Erich Fromm’s theory on love and extensive reading. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter briefly introduces the author and >Olive Kitteridge<. It also illustrates the love theory and other research. – Chapter Two explains characters’ syndromes of love disintegration. The main character Olive’s love is affected by projective mechanism and she is lost in extramarital affair. Nina’s anorexia nervosa is alongside with her idolatrous love. Kevin is stuck in sentimental love and he endures depressive disorder. – Chapter Three illuminates the causes of love disintegration. Olive’s absence of knowledge for love leads to her disharmonious relationship with her husband. Nina’s love is deficient of responsibility which makes her undergo love disintegration. The love from Kevin’s parents is insufficient of care.– Chapter Four points out characters’ recovery from love disintegration. Olive is incapable of overcoming her narcissism or escaping from love disintegration, and she has to keep a disingenuous relationship with her husband. Nina tries to rebuild her faith for love but unfortunately fails and dies of anorexia nervosa. Kevin rebuilds his positive attitude towards love and voluntarily stops committing suicide.– The last chapter summarizes the findings of this thesis, limitation and future research orientation. Additionally, it gives guidance for modern people. Love disintegration is a major crisis in contemporary society. Love is the only answer to the existential dilemma of human beings. Strout vividly illustrates modern people’s spiritual life crisis through these three characters. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Lu T1 - Study on Fromm’s Thoughts about Humanization of Technological Society [弗洛姆技术人道化思想研究], Master thesis, Philosophy of Science and Technology, Chang'an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2014. N2 - 人类在浩瀚宇宙中自强不息地前行至今,技术毋庸置疑在历史长河中为人类社会发展担起了不可替代的保驾护航的重任。放眼二十一世纪的人类世界,现代技术系统已达到前所未有的制高点,并在世界各国高度重视科学技术创新及科研成果水平能力的发展模式下飞速行驶,技术这把双刃剑在人类手中的权重愈发倾向于技术统领人类的地位,即技术异化的产生。异化现象早在原始社会末期就已出现,近代则把这种现象提到理论高度来认识,在异化活动中,人的能动性丧失了,遭到异己的物质力量或精神力量的奴役,从而使人的个性不能全面发展,只能片面发展,甚至畸形发展。在资本主义社会里,异化达到最严重的程度,尤其是技术的异化。人们使用技术的目的是为人服务,但技术给人类带来巨大利益的同时,也给人类带来了灾难,甚至于成为一种异己的、敌对的力量,危害社会、反制人类,人们利用技术创造出来的对象物,不但不是对人的本质力量和人的实践过程的积极肯定,而是反过来成为影响和压抑人的本质的力量。技术本是满足人不断增长的愿望的手段,在异化状态下,技术已日益成为超出人类控制的,甚至是支配、统治人类与社会的外在力量。它导致了人的物化和自由的丧失,精神的空虚和人格的分裂,泯灭了人们劳动的价值。人不再是掌握控制技术的主人,而成为了被迫适应科技社会要求的工具。美籍德裔人本主义哲学家、精神分析学家埃里希.弗洛姆的技术人道化思想是众多为人文终极关怀主义的技术哲学思潮之一,他一生致力于实现设想中的以人道主义技术服务人类为主要特征的人性化社会,其众多哲学著作均以心理学和社会学角度以一名极富道德责任感的社会诊疗师身份运用其人道主义思想诊断出当代西方资本主义工业社会中种种异化现象并将之大多归因于技术的异化,并对症下药,开出药方,进而提出一系列诊疗方案即实现技术社会人道化的具体步骤,目的将技术重新纳入人的控制之中,最终促成乌托邦式健全社会的构建。因此,潜入心理学领域中对人性的挖掘和容身技术哲学领域中对技术的批判便成了弗洛姆整个人道主义技术观的重要核心部分。本文的从弗洛姆人道化伦理的角度审视现代工业社会技术,又从技术的角度的分析弗洛姆人道化思想的价值和局限,以便为我们的学术和实践提供一点有价值的思考。 N2 - In the vast universe of human improvement so far, no doubt, the technology has taken up the irreplaceable task of escorting the development of human society, in the long history past. Looking at the human world in the twenty-first century, the modern technology system has reached an unprecedented high point, and it is still speeding quickly under the development model of innovation and scientific research ability of all over the world. The technology, a double-edged sword in the hands of human beings, has been tended increasingly to command upon them, the so-called technical alienation. The German-American philosopher of humanism, psychoanalyst Erich Fromm, with his humanitarian perspective, explore the common resolution of the humanity and technology, which is exactly a typical manifestation of the awareness of the crisis of the technology’s gradual domination, instead of being created and serving the human beings. In the field of technical philosophy, how to return the original nature of the technology and maintain its current state of advanced development level is still a difficult problem. Human desire is to use the technology with its original nature, in order to solve all the kinds of crises triggered by the technical overdrafts. - Erich Fromm’s human-technology idea is one of the technical philosophical thoughts of humanistic ultimate concern. He devoted his life to achieve the envisaged humanitarian technical society, the publication of >Hope of the revolution-leading to humane technology< made a systematic exposition of his critical theories of technology, with a strong humanitarian color. He wrote his philosophical writings, as a social therapist with moral responsibility, using his humanitarian ideas, diagnosed the alienation of the contemporary western capitalist industrial society, prescribe the right medicine, and then made a series of humane treatment program, in order to put the technology back into the control of its owner, and eventually to build a sound utopian society. Therefore, sneaking into the field of psychology and exploring the human nature, and the critics of the technology in the field of the philosophy, has become an important part of the overall humanitarian Fromm concept. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - Spiritual Salvation – >The Remains of The Day< and Humanistic Studies [精神的救赎 – 《长日留痕》之人本主义研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2014 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 英籍日裔作家石黑一雄是当代最著名的英国小说家之一,年轻时即享誉文坛,曾被英国皇室授勋为文学骑士,并获法国艺术文学骑士勋章。石黑一雄以细腻优美的文笔著称,擅长描写帝国、阶级、回忆、失去等主题。其代表作《长日留痕》获1989年布克文学奖。该小说以第一人称讲述了一位典型的英国管家史蒂文斯的故事。他压抑内心情感,盲目效忠被纳粹利用的没落贵族达林顿勋爵达三十五年之久。直至暮年的一次西部乡村旅行,史蒂文斯回顾过去,方才意识到一直以来自己犹如惟命是从的机器人,沉湎于追求>尊严<而牺牲了个人情感。在旅行将尽之时,史蒂文斯醒悟应该积极度过余生。一经出版,《长日留痕》立刻受到国外学者、评论家的高度关注,研究主要围绕人物角色、后殖民语境、回忆主题及叙事策略等角度进行。在中国,对石黑一雄及其文学作品的研究不如国外成熟,但国内学者已开始把目光投向这位国际作家。然而,总体来说,研究角度和国外大体一致。毫无疑问,《长日留痕》体现了石黑一雄对现代人生存困境细致入微的刻画,对人性的敏锐洞悉,因此,深入探究主人公史蒂文斯的精神救赎之路具有重要意义。而20世纪著名心理学家、社会学家、哲学家埃里希•弗洛姆关于现代西方人生存困境的>人本主义<理论为这一研究提供了理论支撑。本论文即是尝试运用弗洛姆的人本主义解析《长日留痕》中史蒂文斯的精神危机,探讨造成此境遇的内外部原因及可能的救赎之路。全文分为六个部分,由引言、四章正文及结论组成。引言概述石黑一雄的生平及其主要文学创作,重点介绍《长日留痕》及目前国内外对其研究的现状,进而提出本论文的研究意义,即深入解读主人公的精神危机,并揭示石黑一雄对人性的深刻洞察以及对现代人生存状况的真切关怀。第一章是本文的理论基础,介绍埃里希•弗洛姆的生平,并详述其人本主义思想。弗洛姆试图用人本主义调和马克思主义和弗洛伊德学说,以关于人的处境的学说为整个思想体系的逻辑起点,总结人的基本需要,分析不同的社会性格,重点关注现代西方人的生存困境与精神危机:逃避自由及异化,并提出通过成熟的爱和创造性活动,这种根植于人内心深处的强大动力,人类或能改善现在的处境。第二章具体分析史蒂文斯严重的精神危机。立志成为一名像父亲一样的伟大的管家,史蒂文斯选择依附于显赫的家族,屈从于主人的权威,并自信其艰辛努力>为历史进步贡献了一份力量<。与史蒂文斯在面对权威时表现出的受虐冲动相应的是他在同职业的人群中的机械趋同倾向,完全丧失个性和自我。除了消极的逃避自由机制,史蒂文斯还与父亲及曾经的女管家肯顿小姐疏离,与自己异化。时间的错失与爱情的悲剧,以及长久的精神困境使斯蒂文斯这个虽是虚构的人物具有了普世追问人性的意义。第三章解析造成斯蒂文斯精神困境的外在和内在原因。弗洛姆认为,人的生死是不可改变的,尽管人被赋予无限的潜能,但短暂的生命却剥夺了其完全实现自我的可能。除了不可消除的存在背反,匿名权威也隐蔽性地干预着史蒂文斯的性格形成和行为习惯。母爱的缺失使史蒂文斯仅在象征法律、秩序、纪律的父爱下成长,阻碍了其与女性的交际。此外,史蒂文斯接受性和市场性的性格促使他与周围人保持距离,仅以主人所需为中心,而占有性的生活方式更使其失去活力,加重情感异化的危机。第四章探索了斯蒂文斯精神救赎的可能性途径。弗洛姆建议,通过成熟的爱和创造性活动,人体验到自我作为独立个体的力量,赋予与他接触的>物<以生命。旅途中的所见所闻,让史蒂文斯发现自然世界的美丽,感受到陌生人的热情。他重新审视自我,决定应该停止无休止地追溯往事,积极乐观地享受剩余的时光,去爱,去创造。史蒂文斯对未来的热切期望,对一度迷失的灵魂的救赎既令人欣慰,又鼓舞人心。基于以上分析和讨论,结论部分指出,史蒂文斯的重生,对未来的关注,是对所有经历过或经历着精神危机的现代人的警醒,体现了石黑一雄对现代人精神生活的深切关怀以及对人性的深邃思索。石黑一雄的作品是多维度的,涵义具有多层性,而对《长日留痕》的人本主义解读对于现代社会及现代人都有一定的实际意义,即如何实现人类精神的健康,实现人的全面发展。 N2 - Japanese-British novelist Kazuo Ishiguro is one of the most celebrated contemporary fiction writers in the English-speaking world, being appointed OBE for contributions to literature in1995 and awarded the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture in1998. He is famous for exquisite and elegant style of writing and expert in themes of empire, class, memory, loss and so on. His representative piece, >The Remains of the Day< , winning the Man Booker Prize for Literature in1989, is narrated from the first person point of view about a quintessential English butler Stevens. Extremely obedient and emotional lyre pressed, Stevens blindly serves, for thirty-five years, the declining aristocratic Lord Darlington who had been taken advantage of by the Nazis. Until the motoring trip to West Country in his twilight years, Stevens reviews the past, becomes aware of his sacrifices for pursuit of >dignity< and realizes that he should be positive in his remain days. Ever since its publication The Remains of the Day has been studied by scholars abroad from various perspectives and researches are mainly concentrated on character analysis, postcolonial context, aspects of memory, narrative strategies and so on. Although in China, Kazuo Ishiguro and his literary works have not received as much attention as in foreign critical circle, scholars begin to turn their interest to the study of this world-famous writer as his reputation rises steadily. In general, researches at home are mainly carried out with similar approaches as abroad. Undoubtedly, The Remains of the Day embodies Ishiguro’s pains taking observation of modern living situations and genuine concern for human nature. Thus, to study the protagonist’s spiritual predicaments and salvation is of great significance. And to fill this vacancy, Erich Fromm’s humanism, aiming to solve modern man’s existential plight, can be adopted as the theoretical framework. - This thesis attempts to analyze the protagonist Stevens’ spiritual crises, to explore both external and internal causes of his spiritual predicaments and search for possible ways to Stevens’ spiritual salvation. This article consists of four main sections apart from introduction and conclusion. Introduction presents a general overview of Kazuo Ishiguro and his literary achievements, chiefly focusing on The Remains of the Day, present studies and comments at home and abroad, and significance of this thesis, proposing a further reading of Stevens’ spiritual crises and salvation, and revealing Ishiguro’s keen insight into human nature and deep concern for modern man’s existence. - Chapter One introduces briefly about Erich Fromm, the internationally renowned psychologist, sociologist and humanistic philosopher, and elaborately explains the main concept of his humanism. As a unique blend of Marxism and Freudianism, Fromm’s humanism starts with analysis of human being’s living conditions, summarizes man’s basic needs and different types of social characters and primarily concerns with modern westerners’ spiritual dilemma: escape from freedom and alienation. To shed a light on modern man’s wretched living situations, Fromm regards mature love and productive activity as an effective medicine, powerful and incredible strength incarnated in man and innermost strivings of human beings. - Chapter Two provides a detailed analysis of Stevens’ severe spiritual crises. During his lifelong pursuit of being a great butler of dignity and keeping with his position like his father, Stevens has chosen to attach to a distinguished household, submitted himself to Lord Darlington’s authority, and narcissistically confirmed that his efforts have >comprised a contribution to the course of history<. Corresponding to Stevens’ masochistic strivings towards authorities is his automaton conformity with the group who share the same profession at the cost of his self and individuality. In addition to negative escape mechanisms, Stevens has been estranged from his fellow men, especially the most intimate two, his father and one-time love Miss Kenton, and has been alienated from him as well. His tragic loss of time and love, and his enduring process of spiritual crises sublimate the particular fictional figure into general meaning. - Chapter Three probes causes of Stevens’ spiritual predicaments from both external and internal as-pects. According to Fromm, man’s birth into the world and his eventual death is unalterable, and although man is endowed with unlimited potentials, his short life span leaves him no time to com-pletely fulfill them. Along with the insoluble existential dichotomy, anonymous authority covertly intervenes in Stevens’ character cultivation and daily performance. Moreover, absence of maternal love leaves Stevens under sole guidance of his father, who stands for law and order, discipline and world of thought, and thwarts Stevens’ association of female figures. Besides, receptive and marketing orientation of Stevens’ character results in his indifference to fellow men and employer-centered attitude. His having mode of life further deprives him of aliveness and exacerbates his alienation of affections. - Chapter Four comes up with possible ways to Stevens’ spiritual salvation. Through mature love and productive activity, one experiences himself as an independent entity of his own strength, and brings life to other people and to things at the same time. What Stevens sees and hears during the six-day trip leads him to rediscover the beauty of nature, the hospitality of strangers, reexamine both himself and his old days and eventually determines to cease introspection and actively look into the future, to love and to create. Stevens’ optimistic expectation for a fresh beginning manifests his redemption of the once lost soul, which is comforting and inspiring. - Based on above analysis and discussion, conclusion points out that Stevens’ rebirth to concentrate on his remaining years serves as an encouragement for all human beings who have been undergoing spiritual crises. It expresses Ishiguro’s genuine care for modern man’s spiritual state and profound thought of human nature. While significances of Ishiguro’s productions are multidimensional, capable of several levels of meanings, last but not least, the humanistic interpretation of The Remains of the Day possesses certain practical meaning to both modern society and modern man, like how to be sane and how to realize the comprehensive development of human beings. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Tong T1 - About the Influence of Marx’s Concept of Freedom to Fromm’s Theory [论马克思自由观对弗洛姆自由观的影响], Master thesis, Basic Principles of Marxism, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China 2014. N2 - 由作为每个人毕生所追求的理想生活状态,在不同的历史时期都受到研究者的关注。自由问题在马克思和弗洛姆的思想中同样占据着重要位置,但国内学者对二者自由观的关系关注较少。马克思的自由观立足于社会实践,经历了从>抽象自由<到>具体自由<的发展过程。他从现实生活中寻找>自由<的载体,在《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》中用>现实的人<代替了费尔巴哈意义上的>自然人<和某种超乎于人的神灵或绝对精神。在《德意志意识形态》中,马克思更加具体地把自由观建立在物质生产劳动的基础上,把自由看作随社会进程的推进而不断发展的动态过程。弗洛姆的自由观认为,当人们脱离母体这一>始发纽带<后便开始了个体化进程。个体化进程走得越远,个体受>始发纽带<的约束就越小,人们就会越自由。但随着人的社会化过程,社会的复杂性会对自由带来新的羁绊。在资本主义社会,人们表面上虽然摆脱了诸多束缚,但在心理上却陷入了空前的孤独与焦虑。人们为了逃避这种心理困境便选择了逃避自由。马克思在自由的内在规定性与研究方法方面都对弗洛姆产生了一定的影响。内在规定性主要包括马克思研究自由问题时所运用的异化理论,对自由载体的界定,以及在批判基础上对理想自由目标的规划及其自由的可实现性。这些都对弗洛姆研究中世纪与现代社会人类自由问题提供了可借鉴的视域。除此之外,弗洛姆在研究人类自由的历史唯物主义分析方法上对马克思也进行了评价与借鉴。弗洛姆认为马克思的历史唯物理论是人类思想史中对了解社会发展规律所作出的最持久最重要的贡献。当然,在受马克思研究方法的基础上,弗洛姆也有一定的创新之处,把自由纳入到了心理学范畴,从心理学的角度对自由予以了解读。 N2 - [Freedom as the pursuit of each person about ideal life state, different historical periods attracts scholars’ attention. Freedom in Marx and Fromm’s thought also occupies the important position, but the domestic scholars’ research rarely involved the comparison of the two kinds of freedom. Marx’s freedom idea based on social practice, has experienced from >abstract freedom< to >specific freedom< evolutionary process. Marx looking for the carrier of >freedom< from real life, he used >realistic people< to replace the emotional sense of the >natural person> and some other gods or absolute spirit. Marx’s idea of freedom based on material production labor, considers freedom along with the advancement of society and the dynamic process of continuous development. Fromm thought when people began leave the >initial bond< it means the beginning of individualized process. Individual process move further, the individual bound by >originating link< the less, people will get freer. But as the complexity of the social development, although people of capitalist society break away from the strictures on the surface, but people trap an unprecedented loneliness and anxiety psychologically. In order to avoid this kind of psychological predicament, people chose to escape from freedom. - The inherent regularity and research ways of Marx’ freedom has produced certain influence to Fromm’s freedom. The inherent regularity mainly includes the alienation theory when Marx research freedom problem, the definition of free freedom carrier, and the plan about the ideal dreamboat that based on the criticism and the reliability of freedom. The research of Fromm’s middle ages and modern society freedom can be drawn lessons from these points. In addition, Fromm evaluate and reference the historical materialism research methodology of Marx’ freedom. Fromm thought that Marx’s historical materialism theory is the most persistent and the most important contribution in the human history. Of course, except reference Marx’ research methods, Fromm also has the certain innovation. He put the freedom into the psychological category to analyze. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Xia T1 - The Vicissitude and Value Interpretation of the Western Theories of the Unconscious [西方无意识理论的变迁与价值诠释], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Yanbian University, Yanbian, Jilin, China 2013. N2 - >无意识<在西方这一概念已经有着悠久的历史。很多哲学家、心理学家都对无意识有过关注和探究,但只有弗洛伊德赋予无意识以重要地位,使得无意识成为人类精神发展史上的一个重要领域①。无意识理论产生和发展对西方哲学、艺术及社会文化的发展都产生了巨大的影响。弗洛伊德对无意识发展的巨大贡献,在于他发现在人的精神生活中起决定作用的并非我们所熟知的意识,而是一种潜藏在意识之下并截然不同于传统理性的无意识。而弗洛伊德的精神分析学也正是建立在无意识的基础之上的。在弗洛伊德学说的基础上,荣格从原始神话和意象的角度重现研究,提出>集体无意识<,给无意识理论注入了新的内涵。在传统的精神分析学一蹶不振的时候,法国精神分析学家拉康提出>回到弗洛伊德的著作中<的口号,对其无意识学说加以改造并拓展,将无意识置入结构主义中来研究,修正了弗洛伊德的理论,给无意识理论注入了新的活力。无意识理论的研究逐渐渗透至文化社会领域。人本主义哲学家弗洛姆在吸收了精神分析的无意识理论的同时也对荣格的集体无意识提出怀疑,主张将无意识回归到现实经验当中,因此把无意识研究置入到人类社会结构中,创立了社会无意识理论。后现代理论活跃的的时代,新马克思主义者詹姆逊博采众说,把精神分析理论的无意识概念融入到马克思主义的社会政治学说中,.兼容其他观点,提出了>政治无意识<,为马克思主义的文化阐释学提供了一种新的借鉴方法。无意识理论的变迁轨迹清晰地显现在我们的眼前。本论文通过论述无意识理论在西方发展的几个不同阶段:弗洛伊德的>个体无意识理论<、荣格的>集体无意识理论<、拉康的>文化无意识理论<、弗洛姆的>社会无意识理论<、詹姆逊的>政治无意识理论<,并对这一理论得以发展的原因进行具体解析,以期从宏观上把握无意识理论在西方的大体发展脉络,明晰无意识理论的变迁轨迹。理论的价值还在于对实际的指导,因此论文从文化、.哲学、艺术及社会等不同角度来论述西方无意识理论的价值。关于西方无意识理论问题的研究,不仅具有重要的理论意义,而且具有广泛的实践应用价值。 N2 - The concept of >unconsciousness< in the west already has a long history. Many philosophers, psychologists have paid attention to the unconscious and inquiry this problem, but only Freud endows the unconscious with the important status and makes the unconscious become an important field in the history of the development of the human spirit. Theory of unconscious has a huge influence on western philosophy, literature and art, and even the whole development of humanities and social sciences. Freud’s huge contribution to the development of the unconsciousness, is that he found the decisive role played in the human spirit life is not the consciousness as we know but the unconscious which hides under consciousness and is entirely different from the traditional rationalism. And Freud’s psychoanalysis is also based on the unconscious. - On the basis of the theory of Freud, Jung’s >the collective unconscious< proceeds from the perspective of primitive myth and image, injects genetic and accumulate connotation into the theory of unconscious connotation and coats the unconscious with mysterious color. While the traditional psychoanalysis showing signs of decline, the French structuralist psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan puts forward the slogan of >go back to Freud’s writings<, transforms and expands the theory of the unconscious, places the unconscious into structuralism to study and corrects the Freud’s theory which injects new vitality into the unconscious. The researches for the unconscious theory are gradually penetrated to the cultural and social fields. Humanistic philosopher Fromm absorbs the psychoanalytic unconscious theory but in the meantime calls into question Jung’s collective unconscious; He advocates the unconscious to return to the experience of reality. So he puts the unconscious research into human society structure and establishes the social unconsciousness theory. Active age of postmodern theory, the new Marxist Jameson learning widely from others’ strong points, unites the Marxist concept of social politics with psychoanalytic theory of the unconscious, compatible with other views, has formed >the political-unconscious<, which provides a new reference method for a Marxist cultural hermeneutics. The vicissitude trajectory of the unconsciousness theory is clearly emerged in front of our eyes. - Through discussing different stages of the unconscious theory in the west: Freud’s >individual unconsciousness< theory, Jung’s >the collective unconscious< theory, Lacan’s >cultural unconscious theory>, Fromm’s >social unconsciousness< theory and Jameson’s >theory of the political unconscious< and analyzing the development of this theory in detail, the paper want to seize the development course of the unconscious theory in the west in general, and make the vicissitude of the unconscious theory clear. The value of theory is also guiding the practice. So the paper from the different angle such as culture, philosophy, art and society to discusses the value of the western theories of the unconscious. The research of western theories of the unconscious, has not only important theoretical significance, but also extensive practical application value. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zou, Zhikun A1 - Zhang, Yang T1 - Fromm’s Consumption Alienation Theory and Its Implications [弗洛姆的异化消费思想及启示] JF - Journal of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities (Social Sciences) [内蒙古民族大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 2 (2016), pp. 17-20. N2 - 弗洛姆认为,异化消费是20世纪西方资本主义社会的典型症状,现代资本主义社会是一个消费异化的社会。消费由手段变成了目的,人被消费所统治,失去了主动性和创造性。人们在异化消费中失去本真。弗洛姆对消费社会进行了批判性反思,对于我们当代人的存在以及社会的和谐发展无疑具有深刻的现实意义。 N2 - According to Fromm, alienated consumption is a typical symptom of Western capitalist society in the 20th century, and modern capitalist society is a society of alienated consumption. Consumption has changed from a means to an end, and people are ruled by consumption and have lost their initiative and creativity. People lose their true nature in the alienation of consumption. Fromm's critical reflection on consumer society is undoubtedly of profound relevance to our contemporary existence and to the harmonious development of society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lu, Yang T1 - An Inquiry into Fromm’s Human Nature Thought and Value of Times [弗洛姆人性思想及其时代价值探析], Master thesis, Foreign Marxism Research, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2014. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆是20世纪美籍德裔的哲学家、精神分析学家和社会学家,法兰克福学派重要成员,弗洛伊德马克思主义的重要代表人物,被誉为>20世纪的心灵透视者<>本世纪最有影响的思想家之一<。论文主体共分四章:第一章,着重阐述弗洛姆人性思想的生成语境。首先,弗洛姆的人性思想发端于人道主义与反人道主义的论争;其次,其人性思想回应了马克思主义是科学主义还是人道主义的论战,为马克思主义做了人道主义的辩护;最后,其人性思想超越了相对主义和绝对主义的人性观。第二章,从三个层面分析弗洛姆人性思想的主要内容。首先,探究弗洛姆人性思想的理论源流,其理论并不是简单综合弗洛伊德和马克思的思想,而是以马克思的历史唯物主义为基础扬弃弗洛伊德的精神分析学说;同时,犹太教信仰和东方禅宗的价值诉求也渗透进他的人性思想中。其次,重点论述弗洛姆人性思想的主要内容,其人性思想以人的生存处境作为逻辑起点,分析生与死、生命有限和潜能无限、个体化与孤独感这三对矛盾,人们在不断寻求解决这些矛盾的过程中产生了人的种种需要。最后,论述社会性格和社会无意识在社会发展中的作用。第三章,致力于揭示现代工业社会人的异化,分析几种典型的异化性格,探索实现人的解放、人的自由和人的全面发展。第四章,论述弗洛姆人性思想的时代价值。尽管弗洛姆的人性思想与建设和谐社会之间的差异是显要的,但两者都以人的发展和完善作为重大关切,因此可以比较、借鉴。首先,弗洛姆人性思想的目标与和谐社会构建的目标相一致;其次,就实现目标的路径而言,二者也不谋而合。因此,弗洛姆的人性思想作为一个基本成熟的理论,其包含若干的真知灼见对于我国和谐社会的构建具有重要的借鉴意义。 N2 - Erich Fromm is a famous German-American humanism philosopher, psychoanalyst and sociologist, and an important representative member of the Frankfurt School in the 20th century. He is known as >mind clairvoyant of the20th century<,>one of the most influential thinkers of the century<. This article is divided into three chapters: The first chapter elaborates the generation context of Fromm’s human nature thought. First of all, his humanity thought originates under the background of humanitarian and anti-humanitarian argument; Secondly, his humanity thought responds the debate of which Marxism is scientific socialism or humanitarian; Last, Fromm’s human nature thought is beyond relativism and absolutism of human nature.– The second chapter aims at analyzing the main content of Fromm’s human nature thought from the following three aspects. The first explores the theoretical origin of Fromm’s human nature thought. His human nature thought is not a simple comprehensive Freud and Marx’s thought, but is based on Marx’s historical materialism sublation of Freud’s psychoanalysis; simultaneously, the Judaism and the value pursuit of Oriental Zen penetrate into his human nature thought. The second emphasizes on the main content of Fromm’s human nature thought. People’s survival situation is the logical beginning, and analyzes three pairs of contradictions that the birth and death, limited life and unlimited potential, individualization and loneliness. People constantly seek ways to solve these contradictions, result in the need of the people. Finally, special emphasis is the role of social character and social unconscious in the process of development of society.– The third chapter is devoted to reveal the people’s alienation in contemporary industrial society. We analyze several typical personality of alienation, explore how to realize human liberation, human freedom and human general development.– The fourth chapter discusses the era value of Fromm’s human nature thought. Although Fromm’s human nature thought is different from building a harmonious society, both regard the development and perfection of people as a major concern. So they can compare and use for reference. Firstly, the goal of Fromm’s human nature thought coincide with the goal of building a harmonious society; Secondly, both have the same path of realization. Therefore, Fromm’s human nature thought is a basic mature theory that contains a number of insights and has important implications for our socialism harmonious society constructing. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Yang T1 - Fromm’s Thought of Moral Education and Its Contemporary Value [弗洛姆的道德教育思想及其当代价值], Master thesis, Comparative Pedagogy, Qufu Normal University, Qufu and Rizhao, Shandong, China 2014. N2 - 艾里希•弗洛姆是20世纪美国颇富影响的精神心理分析学家和杰出的人本主义哲学家,其宏富的思想体系中蕴含着深刻的道德观与道德教育见解。他以>异化<思想为理论武器,深刻而辩证地分析、批判了资本主义社会的种种道德病态现象。以此为基础,弗洛姆合理阐论了犹太教的道德观、马克思主义的人道观、弗洛伊德精神分析理论等思想体系的道德内核,提出了具有鲜明人本主义特色的人道主义伦理观、道德观,意在使西方社会从>异化<状态走向>健全社会<。本文旨在通过对弗洛姆伦理道德观的梳理,较为系统地阐述弗洛姆人道主义道德观的核心主张、精神实质及其之于道德教育建设的理论启示与实践价值。本论文除引论外,主要包括四部分。引论部分主要介绍了国内外学者对弗洛姆伦理道德观的研究现状以及本文选题的缘由与研究方法。第一部分考察了弗洛姆伦理道德思想形成的历史背景与理论来源,主要阐述了弗洛姆独特的个人成长经历及其人道主义伦理观的历史境遇,重点分析了犹太教、马克思主义人道观、弗洛伊德精神分析理论、巴赫芬母系氏族社会和禅宗佛学等多元思想对弗洛姆伦理道德观的影响。第二部分从人性论视角入手,较为系统地梳理了弗洛姆道德思想的理论要旨,阐述了其伦理观的理论内核——良心,自爱与幸福。第三部分重点探讨了弗洛姆道德教育思想的核心观点,主要包括:培养具有生产性人格的道德教育目标观;注重体验性知识的道德教育内容观;注重言传身教、榜样示范的道德教育方法论;注重平等互爱、和谐交流的师生观等。第四部分主要从培养目标、师生关系、校园文化和家庭教育等方面论述了弗洛姆道德教育思想对我国道德教育理论与实践的启示。 N2 - Erich Fromm is distinctive effect American spirit psychoanalyst and outstanding humanism philosophers in the20th century, whose systematic ideology in various ways contains profound ideas in values and moral education. He deeply and critically analyzed and criticized various moral morbid phenomena in capitalist capitalism society based on the theory of >alienation<. On this basis, Fromm reasonably explained morality and ethics of Judaism, humanism of Marxist, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory and other key elements of other ideologies, putting forward the ethics and morality with distinct characteristics in humanitarian, aiming to transfer western society from the state of >alienation< to the >sane society< In the dissertation, with comprehensive learning of Fromm’s ethics morals, I will logically expound on key proposition of Fromm’s humanism morality, spiritual essence and implication and practical values revelation to the development of moral education theory. The dissertation was divided into four sections. Introduction part includes the information of recent researches on Fromm’s ethics done by domestic and foreign scholars, reason of topic selection and methodology. Description of historical background and theoretical sources for the formation of Fromm’s ethics will be in the introduction which not only mainly focuses on the narration of Fromm’s unique growth experience and humanitarian ethics history situation, but also on the analysis of the influence of Judaism, humanism of Marxist, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, Bachofen’s matriarchal society and Zen Buddhism, and so on, on Fromm’s ethics. – In the second part, from the perception of humanism, will systematic explanation of key principles of Fromm’s philosophy and description of key elements of ethics theory that are conscience, self-love and happiness.– In the third part, discussion on key ideas of Fromm’s moral education, including purpose of moral education to cultivate the person of productive personality; attention to the experiential knowledge in moral education; moral and educational methodology of self-engagement and model demonstration; mutual respect and effective communication between teachers and students, will be focused.– Finally, I will argue the implication of Fromm’s moral education thought, on theory and practice of Chinese moral education from the perspective of education aims, relationship between teachers and students and campus culture and family education. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Chenchen T1 - An Analysis of College Students' Online Shopping Behavior from the Perspective of Fromm's Consumption Alienation [弗洛姆消费异化视角下大学生的网购行为分析] JF - Modern Business Trade Industry [现代商贸工业], No. 36 (2020), pp. 49-50. N2 - 作为人本主义精神分析学派的代表人物,弗洛姆在其著作《健全的社会》中,分别从获得物品的途径、使用物品的感受以及消费物品的结果三个方面对消费异化理论进行阐述,并进一步提出构建>人道健康<的消费理念。大学生网购异化行为主要表现在消费主体的异化、消费方式的异化和消费目的的异化三个方面,在弗洛姆健康消费理念指导下,有利于引导大学生树立理性的网购消费观念,促进大学生健康成长。 N2 - As a representative figure of the humanistic psychoanalysis school, Fromm, in his book >The Sound Society<, elaborated on the theory of consumer alienation from three aspects: the way of obtaining goods, the feeling of using goods and the result of consuming goods, and further proposed the concept of >humane and healthy< consumption. Under the guidance of Fromm's concept of healthy consumption, it is conducive to guiding university students to establish a rational concept of online shopping consumption and promoting their healthy growth. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Hao T1 - On a Loving Human: Erich Fromm [论爱之人:弗洛姆] JF - Prosecutorial View [检察风云], No. 18 (2020), p. 75. N2 - 埃里希·弗洛姆1900年生于德国法兰克福一个犹太人家庭,为家中独子。1918年弗洛姆进入法兰克福大学学习两学期法学。1919年暑假后,弗洛姆进入海德堡大学学习,改学社会学,师承阿尔弗雷德·韦伯(马克斯·韦伯的兄弟)、卡尔·雅斯贝斯和海因里希·李凯尔特,1922年获哲学博士学位,次年至慕尼黑大学专攻精神分析学,1925年至1930年间,在柏林精神分析学会接受精神分析训练。 N2 - Born in 1900 in Frankfurt, Germany, the only son of a Jewish family, Erich Fromm entered the University of Frankfurt in 1918 to study law for two semesters. He received his doctorate in philosophy in 1922, went on to specialize in psychoanalysis at the University of Munich the following year and trained in psychoanalysis at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Society between 1925 and 1930. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Kai T1 - Humanistic Thinking in >The Sane Society< and Its Practical Meaning [浅析《健全的社会》的人道主义思想及其现实意义] JF - PR Magazine [国际公关], No. 12 (2020), pp. 371-372. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》中认为社会要健全首先要提高人的地位,防止人的异化。为此他探讨了人性发展的过程,指出人性是人道主义的理论基础,爱是人道主义的核心。他通过区分母爱、友爱和性爱来说明何为人性的爱,并提出社会中应当充满人性之爱。这一思想对我们当今社会的发展也有一定的指导和借鉴意义。 N2 - In >The Sane Society<, Fromm argues that for society to be sound, it is first necessary to raise the status of human beings and prevent their alienation. To this end, he explores the process of human development and points out that human nature is the theoretical basis of humanism and that love is the core of humanism. He distinguishes between maternal love, friendship and erotic love to illustrate what human love is, and suggests that society should be filled with human love. This idea also has some guidance and relevance for the development of our society today. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Lan T1 - Fromm's Concept of Escape from Freedom [弗洛姆逃避自由思想] JF - Theory Research [学理论], No. 4 (2021), pp. 44-46. N2 - 弗洛姆研究自由对现代人的意义并分析现代人自由的困境时,将弗洛伊德的精神分析学融入马克思的社会经济理论学说,利用心理与社会的双重批判,剖析现实社会出现异化现象和困境的根源所在,并总结出逃避自由的三种主要的心理机制表现。弗洛姆逃避自由思想的提出对于分析当代人的心理素质,我国构建社会主义和谐社会以及人类积极自由并且全面发展具有重要理论价值和实践意义。 N2 - When Fromm studied the meaning of freedom to modern people and analyzed the dilemma of modern people's freedom, he integrated Freud's psychoanalysis into Marx's social and economic theories, criticized the state of society from a social psychological point of view, analyzed the root cause of alienation and dilemma in real society, and summarized the three main psychological mechanisms of escape from freedom. Fromm's idea of freedom avoidance has important theoretical and practical significance for analyzing the psychological quality of contemporary people, building a socialist harmonious society in China, and the positive freedom and comprehensive development of human beings. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 5/2021] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yang T1 - Escapism in Jonathan Franzen’s Freedom [乔纳森·弗兰岑《自由》中的逃避主义], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 评论家及学者对乔纳森·弗兰岑及其作品的关注与日俱增,一度引发>弗兰岑热<。作为弗兰岑的代表作之一,《自由》(2010)探讨了诸如自由、环境保护、战争、人口过剩等关乎人类生存发展的重要问题。国内外有关《自由》的研究已取得一定成果,但关于该小说逃避主题的研究有待进一步深入。基于埃里希·弗罗姆及段义孚关于>逃避<的研究思想,本文拟从逃避自由、逃避现实与逃避动物性三个方面对该小说中的逃避主义进行深入的分析与研究。分析人类所面临的自由困境及积极自由的实现,阐释逃避现实的双重内涵,并探讨道德与人性在规避动物性方面的重要意义,最后指出《自由》中的逃避不仅仅只是消极逃避,也是一种积极的回归与自我实现的方式。论文分为六个章节。第一章,引言,主要对与作家作品相关的背景进行简单介绍,梳理国内外已有的研究成果,并指出论文的研究目的与研究意义。第二章,理论框架。主要对埃里希·弗罗姆的《逃避自由》及段义孚的《逃避主义》进行介绍,并梳理出有关逃避的主要准则,为论文第三章至第五章是论文的主体分析部分。在第三章,从权威主义与破坏分析探讨了逃避自由。在第四章,从迁移与想象分析探讨逃避现实。在第五章,从规避动物性与呼吁人性分析探讨了逃避动物性。第六章,结语。归纳总结逃避主义在该小说中的体现,点明逃避在该小说中的复杂性及积极意义。 N2 - Critics’ and scholars’ increasing interest in Jonathan Franzen leads to the Jonathan Franzen craze. As one of Jonathan Franzen’s representative works, >Freedom< (2010), discusses important issues such as freedom, environmental protection, war, and overpopulation. Foreign and domestic studies on Freedom have made some fruitful achievements, while a further study on the theme of escapism in Freedom is needed and necessary. With Erich Fromm’s and Yi-Fu Tuan’s ideas about escape as theoretical framework, the thesis attempts to explore the escapism in Freedom from three aspects including escape from freedom, escape from reality, and escape from animality, analyzes modern men’s dilemma in face of freedom and how to achieve positive freedom, elucidates double implications of escaping from reality, and discusses the significance of morality and humanity in escaping animality. The thesis concludes that escape is not just a passive response to life but a positive way to return and fulfill self-realization. The thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter one mainly introduces background information about Jonathan Franzen and his works, reviews previous studies, and states research objectives and significance. Chapter two is about theoretical framework, in which Erich Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< and Yi-Fu Tuan’s >Escapism< are introduced. In this part, major principles of escape are summarized on the basis of Fromm’s and Yi-Fu Tuan’s ideas about escape, which provide a theoretical framework for the thesis. The major analysis is from chapter three to chapter five. In chapter three, escape from freedom is analyzed from authoritarianism and destructiveness. In chapter four, escape from reality is discussed from migration and imagination. In chapter five, escape from animality is analyzed from rejection of animal desire and embracing humanity. Chapter six is conclusion. This chapter summarizes representations of escapism in Freedom and highlights the complexity and positive meanings of escape in the novel. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Liye T1 - Fromm's >The Art of Loving< Value Research on Constructing a Harmonious Society [弗洛姆《爱的艺术》对建构和谐社会的价值研究] JF - Country Agriculture Farmers(B) [农村.农业.农民(B版)], , No. 4 (2020), pp. 44-46. N2 - 弗洛姆《爱的艺术》把>爱<归为人类实践生活必不可少的要素。他认为,要想有效破解当代人的孤独与恐惧,必须依赖大爱的表达。只有如此,才能真正为人与社会的和谐相处搭建现实平台。他强调,爱的本质是给予,其基本要素包括关心、责任、尊重和认识。除此之外,在实践维度除要求艺术修养需要的纪律、集中、耐心和兴趣外,更需要爱的艺术所独有的合理信仰、摆脱自恋和积极活动这三要素。弗洛姆本人虽已远去,但弗洛姆思想在今天却熠熠生辉。这对解决很多社会现象,特别是思想情感方面,仍具有举足轻重的作用。 N2 - Fromm's >The Art of Loving< classifies >love< as an essential element of human practice. He believes that to effectively solve the loneliness and fear of contemporary people, we must rely on the expression of great love. Only in this way can we truly build a realistic platform for the harmonious coexistence of people and society. He emphasized that the essence of love is to give, and its basic elements include care, responsibility, respect and recognition. In addition, in addition to the discipline, concentration, patience, and interest required for artistic cultivation in the practical dimension, it also needs the three elements of reasonable belief unique to the art of love, getting rid of narcissism and active activities. Although Fromm himself has gone away, Fromm's thoughts shine today. This still plays a decisive role in solving many social phenomena, especially in ideological and emotional aspects. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shunyi T1 - Expanding Writing Space With Classic Reading – A Comment on a 2018 College Entrance Examination [以经典阅读拓展写作空间——评一篇2018年高考上海卷佳作] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - National Excellent Composition (High School) [全国优秀作文选(高中)], No. 5 (2019), pp. 62-64. N2 - 2018年高考上海卷作文题生活中,人们不仅关注自身的需要,也时常渴望被他人需要,以体现自己的价值。这种>被需要<的心态普遍存在,对此你有怎样的认识?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的思考。要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。 N2 - In the life of the 2018 college entrance examination, people not only pay attention to their own needs, but also often desire to be needed by others to reflect their own value. This kind of >needed< mentality is universal, how do you know about it? Please write an article about your thinking. Requirements: (1) Self-study questions; (2) Not less than 800 words. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Siji T1 - Comment on the Philosophical World View of Frankfurt School and >Social Critical Theory< [评法兰克福学派的哲学世界观和>社会批判理论<] JF - Shandong Social Science [山东社会科学], No. 3 (1992), pp. 22-25. N2 - 法兰克福学派产生于本世纪20年代末和30年代初,因发源于德国莱茵河畔的法兰克福大学社会研究所而得名,它的创始人是霍克海默,著名代表人物还有:马尔库塞、阿多诺、弗洛姆、哈贝马斯等。法兰克福学派既是当代人本主义的主要流派,也是>西方马克思主义<中最有影响的一个流派。 N2 - The Frankfurt School was born in the late 1920s and early 1930s and was named after the Institute of Social Studies at the University of Frankfurt on the Rhine River in Germany. Its founder is Horkheimer, a famous representative. Also: Marcuse, Adorno, Fromm, Habermas and so on. The Frankfurt School is both the main genre of contemporary humanism and the most influential genre of >Western Marxism.< [Automatic translation] Y1 - 1992 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Tao T1 - Where Does Your View of Sex Come From [你的性爱观从何而来] JF - Marriage and Family 婚姻与家庭(婚姻情感版), No. 7 (2019), p. 38. N2 - 当你们的性爱出了异常,有没有想过原因可能出在原生家庭?为什么你有性洁癖?为什么你在性爱中容易紧张,无法全身心放松?为什么你越是吵架,越想做爱?这些异常,也许与你的原生家庭有关系。心理学家艾瑞克•弗洛姆说:>每个人生下来都是一粒种子,能够长成什么样,不仅受着内在的驱动,常常也和外界环境的影响有关系。<而父母对性的态度和观念,也会潜移默化地影响着我们。 N2 - When your sex is abnormal, have you ever thought that the reason may be in a native family? Why do you have sex? Why are you nervous in sex and unable to relax? Why are you more? Quarrel, the more you want to have sex? These anomalies may be related to your native family. Psychologist Eric Fromm said: >Every life is a seed, what it can grow, not only by the internal drive, but also by the influence of the external environment.< Sexual attitudes and attitudes will also affect us subtly. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cao, Yang T1 - On Fromm's Expansion of Marx's Alienation Theory [浅析弗洛姆对马克思异化理论的拓展] JF - University [大学], No. 50 (2021), pp. 42-44. N2 - 异化是马克思思想的核心概念。弗洛姆的异化理论综合了马克思主义和弗洛伊德主义的社会批判理论,以人本主义心理学为认识工具,考查、分析了当代西方资本主义社会的各种矛盾、危机和现实问题,从而形成了独特的异化论。重视弗洛姆的异化论有助于以一种新的视角认识当今资本主义社会,有助于丰富马克思的异化观。本文结合政治、经济、文化环境等因素,分析了异化的根源,并探讨了克服异化和健全社会的实现途径,有助于丰富马克思的异化观。 N2 - Alienation is the core concept of Marx's thought. Fromm's theory of alienation integrates Marxist social critical and Freudian theories, and uses humanistic psychology as a cognitive tool to examine and analyze various contradictions, crises and practical problems in contemporary Western capitalist society. Thus formed a unique theory of alienation. Paying attention to Fromm's theory of alienation helps to understand today's capitalist society from a new perspective and helps enrich Marx's view of alienation This article combines political, economic, cultural environment and other factors to analyze the root causes of alienation, and explore the ways to overcome alienation and improve society, which will help enrich Marx's view of alienation. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2021] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Manuel T1 - Reading Culture and Society against the Cultural Cold War and the Culture Wars JF - Coils of the Serpent – Journal for the Study of Contemporary Power, No. 9 (2021), pp. 82-114. [Online ISSN 2520-3059] [ul.qucosa.de/api/qucosa%3A77026/attachment/ATT-0/] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Mingyue A1 - Wang, Zhiyin T1 - Briony's Self-redemption Process in >Atonement< Based on Social Personality Theory [社会性格理论下《赎罪》中布里奥妮的自我救赎过程] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Peony [牡丹], No. 20 (2023), pp. 95-98. N2 - 赎罪》是麦克尤恩的一部著名的长篇小说,小说中悲剧形成的背后显然存在着更复杂的因素。本文以弗洛姆的社会性格理论为理论依据,从社会经济因素、父母意识两个方面出发,对书中推动布里奥妮作出错误指认的因素进行分析,并借此研究深埋在悲剧之后的一系列阶级问题和腐朽思想,发现严苛的阶级观念和畸形的母爱是造成布里奥妮畸形性格的元凶,而成年之后的布里奥妮又通过道德意识的觉醒,实现自我救赎。 N2 - >Atonement< is a famous novel by McEwan. There are obviously more complex factors behind the formation of the tragedy in the novel. This article uses Fromm's social personality theory as a theoretical basis, starting from two aspects: socioeconomic factors and parental awareness, to analyze the factors that promote Briony's wrong identification in the book, and to study the hidden consequences behind the tragedy. A series of class issues and decadent ideas revealed that strict class concepts and abnormal maternal love were the culprits of Briony's deformed character. After adulthood, Briony realized self-salvation through the awakening of moral consciousness. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - A Study of Marx's Influence on Fromm's Social Character Theory [马克思对弗洛姆社会性格理论的影响研究], Master thesis, Psychology, Marxist Philosophy, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2021. N2 - The theory of social character is a creative theory that Fromm combines Marx’s social thought and consciousness view on the basis of Freud’s theory of character. Fromm regards Marx as a person of world historical significance. Although Freud sees personal psychological factors, he neglects the influence of social environment on human personality, which limits his vision. Marx thinks far more deeply and more than Freud. He examines human behavior from the social and economic structure, but the irrational factors were ignored, so Fromm tried to >melt the two into one furnace<. Meanwhile, the misreading and Misreading of Marx thought by >pseudo Marxism< made Fromm spend a lot of energy on studying and thinking about Marxism, not only criticizing it, but also expounding his understanding of Marxism. The author proposes the theory of social character to make up for the deficiency of Marx in the micro psychological level and the concrete transformation mechanism between economic foundation and superstructure. The concept of >social character< clearly reflects the traces of Marxist thought. Under the influence of Marx’s thought, Fromm examined the character in the relationship between man and the world, insisted that >the main thing of human is social existence<, and modified Freud with Marx ’social tendency, and explained the decisive effect of social economic structure on social character from the root and change of social character.– At the same time, we also noticed the role of >bond< and >explosive mortar< of social character, so as to explain the relative independence of social character. Not only that, Fromm also explored the foundation and premise of social character, namely, social unconsciousness. He put unconsciousness in the concrete world of reality for understanding, insisted that >consciousness is the product of society< and modified Freud’s >libido< with Marx’s >historical power<. He not only expounded the decisive role of social existence on social unconsciousness, but also saw the negative effect of social unconsciousness on social existence, and tried to make people realize the repression of facts, and seek the way of social change to break this repression.– Fromm’s theory of social character is influenced by Marx’s thought. Although he always bases on the people in the real society and examines the human character in social history, he still regards Marx thought as spiritual existentialism in essence, and the theoretical focus is on the role of social character on human behavior and thinking, and does not really understand Marxism, not only does the understanding of human nature stay in the abstract theory of human nature, but also does not touch the fundamental contradiction of capitalist society, and it is not realistic with a strong utopian color. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - The New World of Values in Michael Ende's >Die unendliche Geschichte< [米切尔·恩德小说《永远讲不完的故事》中的新价值世界T], Master thesis, World Literature, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 《永远讲不完的故事》是德国作家米切尔·恩德最具代表性的青少年奇幻文学作品之一。作者借以小主人公巴斯蒂安在现实世界的遭遇深刻阐释现代人的普遍精神现状:孤独和内心荒芜,并致力于通过主人公在幻想王国的冒险重建一个新的价值世界来改变现状。为寻找这个新的价值世界,本文首先借用社会心理学家弗洛姆的“>社会性格<理论对文章提及的旧世界以及不同社会模式下的价值进行挖掘,再对生活在这些价值模式下的人进行主体间性分析。通过分析导致巴斯蒂安孤独以及内心荒芜的是一个理性当道的世界,而帮助他从幻想王国重回现实世界的则是>爱<。在这个以爱为名的世界里,爱不仅帮助巴斯蒂安突破孤独的壁垒,而且用其所独有的创造性丰富个体内心世界。除此之外,爱还帮助巴斯蒂安以全新的观点发现世界,重寻自我。因此,>爱<作为新的价值当之无愧,必能引导人类精神重新归家,还给人其人性尊严。 N2 - >Die unendliche Geschichte< [>The Neverending Story<] is one of the most representative works of young people's fantasy literature by German author Michael Ende. The author uses the encounter of the young protagonist Bastian in the real world to profoundly explain the common spiritual status of modern people: loneliness and inner desolation, and devotes himself to rebuilding a new value world through the adventures of the protagonist in the fantasy kingdom to change the status quo. In order to find this new world of values, this paper first uses social psychologist Fromm's >social character< theory to explore the old world and the values under different social models mentioned in the article, and then analyzes the inter-subjectivity of people living under these value models. Through this analysis, Bastian's loneliness and inner desolation are caused by a world where reason prevails, while >love< helps him to return from the fantasy kingdom to the real world. In this world of love, love not only helps Bastian to break through the barrier of loneliness, but also enriches his inner world with its unique creativity. In addition, love helps Bastian to discover the world with a new perspective and to rediscover himself. Therefore, >love< is a new value that will lead the human spirit back to its home and restore its human dignity. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Yiqiong T1 - On the Female Images in >Them< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Theory, Master thesis, World Literature, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Joyce Carol Oates (1938 –), one of the most prominent and influential writers in contemporary American literature, is distinguished for her prolificacy in a variety of styles and genres. Oates’s works are unique in exposing the violence and evil in American society. Her works give readers a whole picture of American society, which vividly and graphically reflects the real life from all social backgrounds and presents the reality that lies beneath the surface of American prosperous society. >Them<, published in 1969, is one of Oates’s most important and representative works. The story, spanning almost three decades, presented the real life of the three Wendalls and a panoramic view of American society, which mirrored the living conditions and miserable fate of the lower class. Under the theoretical guidance of Fromm’s theory of social character, the thesis adopts the research method of close reading and makes a profound discussion on the female images in >Them< based on the impact of social reality and family interpersonal relationship on people’s psychology.– The thesis selects three typical female characters in >Them< – Loretta, her daughter Maureen and Nadine as representatives, and analyzes the formation and the expression of their personalities, so as to reveal how female images are distorted in the patriarchal society. Oates portrays the misfortunes and sufferings of women’s lives in the novel. These women, who explore the way of living, are brave enough to resist and break through the shackles of fate. However, they finally lose their self-consciousness under the trouble of social environment and the imbalance of family interpersonal relationship. The three female characters in Oates’s >Them< seek freedom through marriage and money. While they have female consciousness and rebellious spirit, they are always surrounded by violence and male discourse. Therefore, no matter what efforts they make, none of them can get rid of the shackles of patriarchal society. They are doomed to failure. Through the portrayal of women’s living conditions, it arouses readers’ attention and sympathy to women, which reflects Oates’s deep thinking of contemporary women’s issues and the fate of humanity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zhaoxin T1 - On the Theory of Needs by William Leiss, Master thesis, Philosophy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2022. N2 - In the process of the continuous development of capitalism, the ecological crisis and a series of environmental problems have been caused by the incorrect understanding of the relationship between man and nature. In this context, William Leiss, who has long been concerned about ecological issues, criticized the capitalist society on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxism’s theory of need and Herbert Marcuse’s theory of >True or false need<, with a new perspective to explain the needs of the capitalist system of human needs, the formation of their own ideological characteristics of the needs of the theory. Specifically, William Leiss is mainly concerned with the complexity of human desires, which is an important reason for the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the need to be oriented toward the commodity world, which is the root cause of the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the thought of human conquering nature is the important foundation of the formation of the capitalist high-consumption society. On this basis, Leiss pays attention to the quality of commodities, pays attention to the multi-dimension and relevance of human needs, and understands the close relationship between human needs and natural environment, familiar with the estimated characteristics of commodities in four aspects of the future human needs to express and meet the concept, and the future human needs to express and meet the way to explore, namely the following four aspects, advocating a general orientation of human needs towards a non-single field of goods, and an open minded self-interest to replace anthropocentrism ideology in an easily viable society, it is suggested that natural entities have the same legal rights as human beings. William Leiss’s theory of needs, while providing a new perspective on the mode of production of capitalism, enriches ecological Marxism and provides a useful reference for the establishment of a correct concept of consumption, but there is also a certain degree of misunderstanding of Marxism’s concept of goods, the lack of a certain global vision, its proposed solution is utopian. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Huinan T1 - 論禪宗公案中的矛盾與不可說 [On the Contradiction and the Unspeakable in Zen Koans] JF - 國立臺灣大學哲學論評 [National Taiwan University Philosophy Review], Vol. 9 (1986), pp. 139-153. N2 - There are three types of Ch’an kung-an that often bewilder Buddhologists; namely, (1) the contradictory, (2) the inexpressible, and (3) mixture of the two. D. T. Suzuki and the scholars influenced by him, for example, E. Fromm, think that these three types of kung-an imply the truth realized by Ch’an masters, the truth which goes beyond daily language and logic. However, as the author points out, there are two traditions in Ch’an School: (1) the >Buddha-nature< tradition based on the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra, and (2) the prajna tradition based on the Diamond Sūtra. Suzuki and Fromm’s interpretation only emphasizes the first tradition and ignores the second one. According to the second tradition, the contradiction and inexpressibility of kung-an may seem to indicate the truth of non-existence-śūnyatā, not necessarily indicating the truly existing >Buddha-nature<. Y1 - 1986 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Liyin T1 - The Marxist Viewpoint of the Frankfurt School [法兰克福学派的马克思主义观] JF - Marxist Philosophical Research [马克思主义哲学研究], No. 00 (2011), pp. 224-235. N2 - 在马克思主义批判理论的宏旨下,法兰克福学派从多种视角出发继承和发展了马克思主义。霍克海默将其理论阐明为一种>批判理论<;阿多诺提出了以连续否定为核心的否定辨证法;马尔库塞先后将海德格尔、黑格尔、弗洛伊德与马克思的思想结合起来,对当代资本主义社会以及苏联马克思主义进行了有力的批判;弗洛姆将马克思主义视为一种人学,将其与精神分析学结合起来提出了>社会性格<等新范畴,并力图以此揭示经济基础和上层建筑相互作用的微观机制;哈贝马斯在批判吸收历史唯物主义的基础上,运用其交往理论的解释框架提出了以主体间的互动为社会发展基本动力的理论。 N2 - Under the grand purpose of Marxist critical theory, the Frankfurt School inherited and developed Marxism from various perspectives. Horkheimer's theory was articulated as a >Critical theory<; Adorno put forward a discursive method of negation with continuous negation as the core; Marcuse combined the ideas of Heidegger, Hegel, Freud and Marx to make a powerful critique of contemporary capitalist society and Soviet Marxism; Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to put forward new categories such as >social character<. Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to propose new categories such as >social character< and tried to reveal the micro mechanisms of the interaction between the economic base and the superstructure; Habermas, based on the critical absorption of historical materialism, used the explanatory framework of his interaction theory to put forward the theory of the interaction between subjects as the basic driving force of social development. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zonglin T1 - The Spread and Acceptance of Fromm in China, Master thesis, Art Theory; Journalism and Media, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2024. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] As a representative figure of the Frankfurt School that combines literary theorists, philosophers, and social critics, Fromm’s ideas not only exhibit interdisciplinary and diverse integration, but also make his unique contribution to the development of society. The comprehensive and high-level dissemination and acceptance of Fromm’s ideas have also created Fromm’s media image today, providing a foundation for the widespread dissemination of his works and ideas. Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< and >The Art of Loving< are still widely circulated in China today, which can also be attributed to the cross media communication in the era of new media. The paper first starts with the translation, introduction, and publication of Fromm’s original works in China, and discusses the publication overview, form, and sub texts of Fromm’s original works. It also comprehensively examines the paper dissemination form of his theoretical works. The study of the subtitles in Fromm’s original work is a distinctive part of the paper, which is interpreted from two aspects: the evolution of the inner subtitles and the expansion of the outer subtitles. Secondly, study the cross media dissemination of Fromm’s ideas. This applies Mc Luhan media theory, Fromm’s own sociological, psychological, and philosophical theories to study Fromm’s cross media communication in China. Firstly, the evolution of the context of the dissemination of Fromm’s ideas has been summarized, from the initial critical acceptance of Fromm’s introduction to China to the mass communication in the new century. Next is the fragmented dissemination of classic works, exploring Fromm’s dissemination in China from three aspects: as a weapon of thought, as a reading note, and as a philosophical maxim. Finally, there is Fromm in mass media, which aims to restore Fromm’s media image in new media. It is mainly divided into three parts: the popularization of theoretical dissemination, Fromm and the Love Bible, and literary criticism, attempting to identify the reasons for Fromm’s popularity from the root. The acceptance of Fromm’s thought in China is a summary and supplement to the first two parts, and also a process of further approaching Fromm’s thought. The paper first analyzes the audience of Fromm’s ideas in China, starting from two perspectives of productive personality and non-productive personality, and studying Fromm’s acceptance from two audience groups. Secondly, we will explore the ways in which Fromm’s ideas are accepted in China, which can be divided into specialized research in academic dissertations and interdisciplinary research in academic journal papers. The paper further discusses the contemporary value of Fromm’s ideas in China, reflecting reflection and sublimation of Fromm’s research on contemporary value. By closely following the communication characteristics of the new media era, this paper carries out media analysis, reassesses its ideological value, seeks the contemporary value of Fromm’s thought in China, and makes contributions to the retention and dissemination of its essence. Strive to apply Fromm’s own theory to study Fromm’s dissemination and reception in China. By sorting out representative thoughts of Fromm such as >freedom theory<, >personality theory<, and >love theory<, corresponding to the different stages of Fromm’s dissemination in China, and further studying the context and process of Fromm’s dissemination and reception in China, this paper explores the enlightening significance of his ideological theory. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 3/2025] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Ping T1 - Analysis of >Love< in >Klara and the Sun< from the Perspective of Fromm's Theory of Love [《克拉拉与太阳》中>爱<的分析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Overseas English [海外英语], No. 20 (2024), pp. 208-210. N2 - 石黑一雄的小说《克拉拉与太阳》从人工智能机器人克拉拉的视角出发,讲述了人类处于人工智能时代的情感焦虑问题,引发人们对于未来世界中人工智能时代人类所面临的危机以及人类是否能处理与人工智能关系的深入思考。文章以埃瑞克·弗洛姆的爱的理论为指导,深入探究以乔西为代表的后人类群体之间的爱,启发处于人工智能时代的人们应该如何去爱身边的人和事物。 N2 - Kazuo Ishiguro's novel >Klara and the Sun< tells the emotional anxiety of human beings in the era of artificial intelligence from the perspective of the artificial intelligence robot Clara, which triggers people's in-depth thinking about the crisis faced by human beings in the future world of artificial intelligence and whether human beings can deal with the relationship with artificial intelligence. Guided by Erich Fromm's theory of love, this article deeply explores the love between post-human groups represented by Josie, and inspires people in the era of artificial intelligence to love the people and things around them. [Translation: www.google translator, 12/2024] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Rong T1 - Unconsciousness·>Man<·Modernist Literature – Rediscussing the Outstanding Contribution of Freud's Theory [无意识·>人<·现代派文学──再论弗洛伊德学说的突出贡献] JF - Journal of Ningxia University (Social Science Edition) [宁夏大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 3 (1994). N2 - 无意识·>人<·现代派文学──再论弗洛伊德学说的突出贡献杨荣著名的精神分析学者、法兰克福学派的代表埃里希·弗洛姆认为,西·弗洛伊德和马克思>都是现时代的设计师<。>他们为建立一门新的人的科学奠定了基础<[1]。的确,弗洛伊德以他对人类内心奥秘的卓越发 ... N2 - Erich Fromm, a famous psychoanalyst and representative of the Frankfurt School, believed that Freud and Marx >are both designers of the modern era.>They laid the foundation for the establishment of a new science of man< [1]. Indeed, Freud, with his outstanding discovery of the mysteries of the human heart ... [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 1994 ER -