TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Yun T1 - An Unconquerable Spiritual Predicament: Loneliness in the Novels of Carson McCullers and Su Tong [无法摆脱的精神困境:卡森•麦卡勒斯和苏童小说中的孤独主题比较研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 以>孤独的猎手<著称的二十世纪美国南方作家卡森•麦卡勒斯和中国当代>先锋<文学的代表作家之一苏童,尽管生活时代和文化背景有着巨大的差异性,但两位作家都在作品中关注现代化进程中个体生活的孤独,尤其是隔绝的南方世界里底层的边缘化的人物的孤独。目前评论界对两位作家单一的研究较多,但是比较研究鲜少涉及,对于两位作家作品中孤独主题的比较研究更不多见。本文从比较文学主题学研究角度出发,用平行研究的方法,通过对两位作家经典作品的分析,研究两位作家在作品中是如何呈现孤独这一主题,揭示两人孤独主题书写的同中之异与异中之同,探讨两位作家孤独主题写作的现实意义和审美意义。引言部分是对两位作家研究现状的分析,重点回顾了与本文相关的研究成果,并简要说明论文的研究意义和方法。第一章从边缘化的人物和隔绝的南方世界两方面,分析两位作家对孤独主题的文本呈现。论文认为这些边缘化的人物都表现出对于归属感、爱和精神支柱共同的追求。此外,虽然两位作家笔下的南方各有特点,但隔绝、工业化以及暴力却是构成他们笔下孤独南方的共同因素。第二章以>颠覆<为关键词,运用巴赫金狂欢化诗学理论,认为孤独中的人们并不是一味的受孤独的压迫,而是在短时间内通过>狂欢<和>逃离<的方式实现对孤独的颠覆。然而,颠覆孤独的努力最终宣告失败,作品中的人物再次陷入更深的孤独之中。因此第三章,运用弗洛姆关于孤独和异化的理论,从社会现实和个体困境两方面分析颠覆孤独失败的原因。结论部分对两位作家进行综合比较,总结两位作家在对孤独主题的呈现中表现出共同的>孤独-颠覆孤独-失败<的模式和不同的刻画孤独的艺术手法,揭示孤独的普遍性和无可避免性,阐释两位作家孤独主题写作的现实意义和审美意义。一方面,两位作家对孤独主题的共同关注和体认为我们反思当下人类的精神状况提供不可或缺的镜鉴。另一方面,两位作家对孤独主题的探索进一步深化和丰富了孤独主题在世界文学中的表现;苏童对意象的运用以及麦卡勒斯对怪诞形象,尤其是对双性人形象的关注,都体现出两位作家孤独主题书写的独特性和艺术价值。 N2 - >The Lonely Hunter< Carson McCullers in the south of America in the twentieth century and Su Tong, one of the representatives of the >avant-garde< literature in contemporary China, in spite of great differences in times and cultures, share their common concern of the loneliness of marginalized characters in their respective isolated southern worlds that were in the process of further modernization. Studies on the two writers have mainly focused on their respective works and comparative study is quite scarce. Comparative study on the theme of loneliness in their novels is even less. Based on the thematology in comparative literature, this thesis intends to make a parallel study on the theme of loneliness in their novels. By close reading of the selected works, the thesis aims to unravel the representation of loneliness in their novels, analyze similarities and differences in their loneliness writing and explore the realistic and aesthetic significance of their writing of loneliness. The introduction part begins with a close analysis of the related studies on the theme, and clarifies the significance and methodology of this study. Chapter one analyzes the textual representation of loneliness from marginalized characters and southern worlds. The thesis thinks characters are isolated and marginalized in their common pursuit of belonging, love and spiritual sustenance, which gives rise to their loneliness. Moreover, the southern worlds they created based on their hometowns are endowed with the common elements of isolation, industrialization and violence though they are different in many ways. Chapter two focuses on the keyword of >subversion< with the help of Bakhtin’s theory of carnivalization. The author of this thesis finds that lonely people are not confined in the cell of loneliness all the time, instead they always attempt at subversion of loneliness through the way of carnivalization and the way of escape. However, the characters’ subversion of loneliness is doomed and they are trapped in deeper loneliness once again. Therefore, based on Fromm’s theory on loneliness and alienation, chapter three analyzes the causes of the failed subversion of loneliness from the perspective of social oppression and personal plight to reveal that characters are caught in unconquerable spiritual predicament eventually. The concluding part is a comprehensive comparison of the two writers; it summarizes the common pattern of >oneliness-subversion of loneliness-failure< and the different artistic techniques of the representation of loneliness in their novels, discloses the universality and inevitability of loneliness, and analyzes the realistic and aesthetic significance of the writing of loneliness. On the one hand, their common humanistic and thought-provoking concerns about the spiritual predicament and existential crisis of human beings provide us with the indispensable mirror to reflect on human spiritual condition in contemporary times. On the other hand, loneliness in their novels furthers to deepen and enrich the writing of loneliness in world literature; the application of images in Su Tong’s novels and the concern of the grotesques, especially androgynous characters in McCullers’s works both present their uniqueness and aesthetic values in loneliness writing. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yuze T1 - Life can not be met [生活不容苟且] JF - Pivot [支点], No. 12 (2017), p. 94. N2 - 有一种说法,认为世界上很多人失去了爱的能力,或曰>爱无能<。他们不会爱,也得不到爱。其实,很多人不仅仅失去了爱的能力,更是失去了生活的能力。难道生活还需要特殊能力吗?只要有工作,能挣钱,就能养家活口,>活着<就不成问题。但生活能力不止于此,它要求我们认认真真、一丝不苟地活着,注重生活的细节。若生活能力欠缺,日子就难言幸福。 N2 - There is a saying that many people in the world have lost the ability to love or >love incompetence.< They do not love or love. In fact, many people not only lose their ability to love, but also lose their ability to live. Is life still in need of special abilities? As long as you have a job and can make money, you can feed your family and live. >Living< is not a problem. But living more than that, it requires us to be conscientious, meticulous to live, pay attention to the details of life. If lack of living ability the days can hardly be happy. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Dandan T1 - On the Theme of Love Disintegration in >Olive Kitteridge< [论《奥丽芙•基特里奇》中爱的衰亡主题], Master thesis, Foreign Language and Literature, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2016 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 《奥丽芙•基特里奇》是伊丽莎白•斯特劳特的第四部小说,于2008年出版,并于2009年获得普利策小说奖。伊丽莎白•斯特劳特是美国现代杰出的女性作家,她的作品以精妙结构和动人情感闻名美国文坛。《奥丽芙•基特里奇》以缅因州的克洛斯比镇为背景,讲述了小镇居民由于缺少爱的基本要素,他们的爱在婚外恋、厌食症、抑郁症中衰亡的故事。爱的衰亡在《奥丽芙•基特里奇》中是人物们的普遍心理状态,也是现代社会普遍存在的状态,因而从爱的衰亡角度来研究该小说具有一定价值。弗洛姆的新精神分析理论把爱的理论作为其核心内容,他认为爱是出于人克服生存困境的需要,也是对人类生存问题的真正解决。人类只有满足爱的基本要素、分辨出假爱情,并在爱的实践中成功,才能逃离爱的衰亡。目前学术界对于该书的研究主要集中于分析作品中的婚恋创伤和老人关怀,很少有学者从爱的衰亡角度来研究该小说。本论文采用文本细读的方法,并结合弗洛姆爱的理论来分析小说中人物爱的衰亡的表现、爱的衰亡的原因和如何从爱的衰亡中逃离,从而讨论爱的衰亡主题。论文分为五章。第一章介绍作者生平和小说《奥丽芙•基特里奇》以及爱的理论,综述并梳理了他人的研究。第二章分析小说人物爱的衰亡表现。主人公奥丽芙陷入了投射的假爱,走上了婚外恋的歧途;妮娜沉溺于偶像化的假爱,被厌食症折磨;凯文局限于多愁善感的假爱,成为了抑郁症受害者。第三章探讨小说人物爱的衰亡原因。奥丽芙缺乏对爱的认识,导致和丈夫关系不和;妮娜的爱缺乏责任心,在痛苦恋爱中走向衰亡;凯文的爱缺乏心甘情愿的给予。第四章挖掘小说人物从爱的衰亡中恢复的方式。奥丽芙没能克服自恋,和丈夫保持貌合神离的关系;妮娜尝试重建对爱的信心,但是不幸失败,没能摆脱衰亡的爱;凯文重获了对爱的积极态度,主动终止了自杀,走出了爱的衰亡。第五章概述论文研究发现、局限性以及未来的研究方向,并揭示了爱的衰亡是现代社会的一大危机,唯有爱才是对人类生存问题的唯一解答。作者从小说中三个人物爱的衰亡生动地再现了现代人的精神生活危机。 N2 - >Olive Kitteridge<, Elizabeth Strout’s fourth novel, was published in 2008 and awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 2009. She is an outstanding contemporary female writer in America. Strout’s works are famous for her delicate framework and heart-wrenching emotion. >Olive Kitteridge< is based on Crosby, Maine. The residents are suffering from the love disintegration of extramarital affair, anorexia nervosa and depressive disorder because of their deficiency of love elements. In >Olive Kitteridge<, love disintegration is a general psychological state of all characters. It is also a general situation of contemporary society. Therefore, there are certain values to research from this approach. The theory of love is the core content in Fromm’s neo-psychoanalytic theory. He argues that love is out of people’s need to fight with existential dilemma and it is the true answer to the problem of human existence. Human beings have to possess elements of love, distinguish pseudo-love and succeed in love practice to recover from love disintegration. Most of the research works concern on the marital trauma and the caring for the aging people in this novel instead of analyzing it from the perspective of love disintegration. This thesis endeavors to interpret >Olive Kitteridge< from the perspective of love disintegration through the syndromes and the causes of love disintegration and the process of recovery of the characters, depending on Erich Fromm’s theory on love and extensive reading. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter briefly introduces the author and >Olive Kitteridge<. It also illustrates the love theory and other research. – Chapter Two explains characters’ syndromes of love disintegration. The main character Olive’s love is affected by projective mechanism and she is lost in extramarital affair. Nina’s anorexia nervosa is alongside with her idolatrous love. Kevin is stuck in sentimental love and he endures depressive disorder. – Chapter Three illuminates the causes of love disintegration. Olive’s absence of knowledge for love leads to her disharmonious relationship with her husband. Nina’s love is deficient of responsibility which makes her undergo love disintegration. The love from Kevin’s parents is insufficient of care.– Chapter Four points out characters’ recovery from love disintegration. Olive is incapable of overcoming her narcissism or escaping from love disintegration, and she has to keep a disingenuous relationship with her husband. Nina tries to rebuild her faith for love but unfortunately fails and dies of anorexia nervosa. Kevin rebuilds his positive attitude towards love and voluntarily stops committing suicide.– The last chapter summarizes the findings of this thesis, limitation and future research orientation. Additionally, it gives guidance for modern people. Love disintegration is a major crisis in contemporary society. Love is the only answer to the existential dilemma of human beings. Strout vividly illustrates modern people’s spiritual life crisis through these three characters. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Lu T1 - Study on Fromm’s Thoughts about Humanization of Technological Society [弗洛姆技术人道化思想研究], Master thesis, Philosophy of Science and Technology, Chang'an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2014. N2 - 人类在浩瀚宇宙中自强不息地前行至今,技术毋庸置疑在历史长河中为人类社会发展担起了不可替代的保驾护航的重任。放眼二十一世纪的人类世界,现代技术系统已达到前所未有的制高点,并在世界各国高度重视科学技术创新及科研成果水平能力的发展模式下飞速行驶,技术这把双刃剑在人类手中的权重愈发倾向于技术统领人类的地位,即技术异化的产生。异化现象早在原始社会末期就已出现,近代则把这种现象提到理论高度来认识,在异化活动中,人的能动性丧失了,遭到异己的物质力量或精神力量的奴役,从而使人的个性不能全面发展,只能片面发展,甚至畸形发展。在资本主义社会里,异化达到最严重的程度,尤其是技术的异化。人们使用技术的目的是为人服务,但技术给人类带来巨大利益的同时,也给人类带来了灾难,甚至于成为一种异己的、敌对的力量,危害社会、反制人类,人们利用技术创造出来的对象物,不但不是对人的本质力量和人的实践过程的积极肯定,而是反过来成为影响和压抑人的本质的力量。技术本是满足人不断增长的愿望的手段,在异化状态下,技术已日益成为超出人类控制的,甚至是支配、统治人类与社会的外在力量。它导致了人的物化和自由的丧失,精神的空虚和人格的分裂,泯灭了人们劳动的价值。人不再是掌握控制技术的主人,而成为了被迫适应科技社会要求的工具。美籍德裔人本主义哲学家、精神分析学家埃里希.弗洛姆的技术人道化思想是众多为人文终极关怀主义的技术哲学思潮之一,他一生致力于实现设想中的以人道主义技术服务人类为主要特征的人性化社会,其众多哲学著作均以心理学和社会学角度以一名极富道德责任感的社会诊疗师身份运用其人道主义思想诊断出当代西方资本主义工业社会中种种异化现象并将之大多归因于技术的异化,并对症下药,开出药方,进而提出一系列诊疗方案即实现技术社会人道化的具体步骤,目的将技术重新纳入人的控制之中,最终促成乌托邦式健全社会的构建。因此,潜入心理学领域中对人性的挖掘和容身技术哲学领域中对技术的批判便成了弗洛姆整个人道主义技术观的重要核心部分。本文的从弗洛姆人道化伦理的角度审视现代工业社会技术,又从技术的角度的分析弗洛姆人道化思想的价值和局限,以便为我们的学术和实践提供一点有价值的思考。 N2 - In the vast universe of human improvement so far, no doubt, the technology has taken up the irreplaceable task of escorting the development of human society, in the long history past. Looking at the human world in the twenty-first century, the modern technology system has reached an unprecedented high point, and it is still speeding quickly under the development model of innovation and scientific research ability of all over the world. The technology, a double-edged sword in the hands of human beings, has been tended increasingly to command upon them, the so-called technical alienation. The German-American philosopher of humanism, psychoanalyst Erich Fromm, with his humanitarian perspective, explore the common resolution of the humanity and technology, which is exactly a typical manifestation of the awareness of the crisis of the technology’s gradual domination, instead of being created and serving the human beings. In the field of technical philosophy, how to return the original nature of the technology and maintain its current state of advanced development level is still a difficult problem. Human desire is to use the technology with its original nature, in order to solve all the kinds of crises triggered by the technical overdrafts. - Erich Fromm’s human-technology idea is one of the technical philosophical thoughts of humanistic ultimate concern. He devoted his life to achieve the envisaged humanitarian technical society, the publication of >Hope of the revolution-leading to humane technology< made a systematic exposition of his critical theories of technology, with a strong humanitarian color. He wrote his philosophical writings, as a social therapist with moral responsibility, using his humanitarian ideas, diagnosed the alienation of the contemporary western capitalist industrial society, prescribe the right medicine, and then made a series of humane treatment program, in order to put the technology back into the control of its owner, and eventually to build a sound utopian society. Therefore, sneaking into the field of psychology and exploring the human nature, and the critics of the technology in the field of the philosophy, has become an important part of the overall humanitarian Fromm concept. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - Spiritual Salvation – >The Remains of The Day< and Humanistic Studies [精神的救赎 – 《长日留痕》之人本主义研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2014 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 英籍日裔作家石黑一雄是当代最著名的英国小说家之一,年轻时即享誉文坛,曾被英国皇室授勋为文学骑士,并获法国艺术文学骑士勋章。石黑一雄以细腻优美的文笔著称,擅长描写帝国、阶级、回忆、失去等主题。其代表作《长日留痕》获1989年布克文学奖。该小说以第一人称讲述了一位典型的英国管家史蒂文斯的故事。他压抑内心情感,盲目效忠被纳粹利用的没落贵族达林顿勋爵达三十五年之久。直至暮年的一次西部乡村旅行,史蒂文斯回顾过去,方才意识到一直以来自己犹如惟命是从的机器人,沉湎于追求>尊严<而牺牲了个人情感。在旅行将尽之时,史蒂文斯醒悟应该积极度过余生。一经出版,《长日留痕》立刻受到国外学者、评论家的高度关注,研究主要围绕人物角色、后殖民语境、回忆主题及叙事策略等角度进行。在中国,对石黑一雄及其文学作品的研究不如国外成熟,但国内学者已开始把目光投向这位国际作家。然而,总体来说,研究角度和国外大体一致。毫无疑问,《长日留痕》体现了石黑一雄对现代人生存困境细致入微的刻画,对人性的敏锐洞悉,因此,深入探究主人公史蒂文斯的精神救赎之路具有重要意义。而20世纪著名心理学家、社会学家、哲学家埃里希•弗洛姆关于现代西方人生存困境的>人本主义<理论为这一研究提供了理论支撑。本论文即是尝试运用弗洛姆的人本主义解析《长日留痕》中史蒂文斯的精神危机,探讨造成此境遇的内外部原因及可能的救赎之路。全文分为六个部分,由引言、四章正文及结论组成。引言概述石黑一雄的生平及其主要文学创作,重点介绍《长日留痕》及目前国内外对其研究的现状,进而提出本论文的研究意义,即深入解读主人公的精神危机,并揭示石黑一雄对人性的深刻洞察以及对现代人生存状况的真切关怀。第一章是本文的理论基础,介绍埃里希•弗洛姆的生平,并详述其人本主义思想。弗洛姆试图用人本主义调和马克思主义和弗洛伊德学说,以关于人的处境的学说为整个思想体系的逻辑起点,总结人的基本需要,分析不同的社会性格,重点关注现代西方人的生存困境与精神危机:逃避自由及异化,并提出通过成熟的爱和创造性活动,这种根植于人内心深处的强大动力,人类或能改善现在的处境。第二章具体分析史蒂文斯严重的精神危机。立志成为一名像父亲一样的伟大的管家,史蒂文斯选择依附于显赫的家族,屈从于主人的权威,并自信其艰辛努力>为历史进步贡献了一份力量<。与史蒂文斯在面对权威时表现出的受虐冲动相应的是他在同职业的人群中的机械趋同倾向,完全丧失个性和自我。除了消极的逃避自由机制,史蒂文斯还与父亲及曾经的女管家肯顿小姐疏离,与自己异化。时间的错失与爱情的悲剧,以及长久的精神困境使斯蒂文斯这个虽是虚构的人物具有了普世追问人性的意义。第三章解析造成斯蒂文斯精神困境的外在和内在原因。弗洛姆认为,人的生死是不可改变的,尽管人被赋予无限的潜能,但短暂的生命却剥夺了其完全实现自我的可能。除了不可消除的存在背反,匿名权威也隐蔽性地干预着史蒂文斯的性格形成和行为习惯。母爱的缺失使史蒂文斯仅在象征法律、秩序、纪律的父爱下成长,阻碍了其与女性的交际。此外,史蒂文斯接受性和市场性的性格促使他与周围人保持距离,仅以主人所需为中心,而占有性的生活方式更使其失去活力,加重情感异化的危机。第四章探索了斯蒂文斯精神救赎的可能性途径。弗洛姆建议,通过成熟的爱和创造性活动,人体验到自我作为独立个体的力量,赋予与他接触的>物<以生命。旅途中的所见所闻,让史蒂文斯发现自然世界的美丽,感受到陌生人的热情。他重新审视自我,决定应该停止无休止地追溯往事,积极乐观地享受剩余的时光,去爱,去创造。史蒂文斯对未来的热切期望,对一度迷失的灵魂的救赎既令人欣慰,又鼓舞人心。基于以上分析和讨论,结论部分指出,史蒂文斯的重生,对未来的关注,是对所有经历过或经历着精神危机的现代人的警醒,体现了石黑一雄对现代人精神生活的深切关怀以及对人性的深邃思索。石黑一雄的作品是多维度的,涵义具有多层性,而对《长日留痕》的人本主义解读对于现代社会及现代人都有一定的实际意义,即如何实现人类精神的健康,实现人的全面发展。 N2 - Japanese-British novelist Kazuo Ishiguro is one of the most celebrated contemporary fiction writers in the English-speaking world, being appointed OBE for contributions to literature in1995 and awarded the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture in1998. He is famous for exquisite and elegant style of writing and expert in themes of empire, class, memory, loss and so on. His representative piece, >The Remains of the Day< , winning the Man Booker Prize for Literature in1989, is narrated from the first person point of view about a quintessential English butler Stevens. Extremely obedient and emotional lyre pressed, Stevens blindly serves, for thirty-five years, the declining aristocratic Lord Darlington who had been taken advantage of by the Nazis. Until the motoring trip to West Country in his twilight years, Stevens reviews the past, becomes aware of his sacrifices for pursuit of >dignity< and realizes that he should be positive in his remain days. Ever since its publication The Remains of the Day has been studied by scholars abroad from various perspectives and researches are mainly concentrated on character analysis, postcolonial context, aspects of memory, narrative strategies and so on. Although in China, Kazuo Ishiguro and his literary works have not received as much attention as in foreign critical circle, scholars begin to turn their interest to the study of this world-famous writer as his reputation rises steadily. In general, researches at home are mainly carried out with similar approaches as abroad. Undoubtedly, The Remains of the Day embodies Ishiguro’s pains taking observation of modern living situations and genuine concern for human nature. Thus, to study the protagonist’s spiritual predicaments and salvation is of great significance. And to fill this vacancy, Erich Fromm’s humanism, aiming to solve modern man’s existential plight, can be adopted as the theoretical framework. - This thesis attempts to analyze the protagonist Stevens’ spiritual crises, to explore both external and internal causes of his spiritual predicaments and search for possible ways to Stevens’ spiritual salvation. This article consists of four main sections apart from introduction and conclusion. Introduction presents a general overview of Kazuo Ishiguro and his literary achievements, chiefly focusing on The Remains of the Day, present studies and comments at home and abroad, and significance of this thesis, proposing a further reading of Stevens’ spiritual crises and salvation, and revealing Ishiguro’s keen insight into human nature and deep concern for modern man’s existence. - Chapter One introduces briefly about Erich Fromm, the internationally renowned psychologist, sociologist and humanistic philosopher, and elaborately explains the main concept of his humanism. As a unique blend of Marxism and Freudianism, Fromm’s humanism starts with analysis of human being’s living conditions, summarizes man’s basic needs and different types of social characters and primarily concerns with modern westerners’ spiritual dilemma: escape from freedom and alienation. To shed a light on modern man’s wretched living situations, Fromm regards mature love and productive activity as an effective medicine, powerful and incredible strength incarnated in man and innermost strivings of human beings. - Chapter Two provides a detailed analysis of Stevens’ severe spiritual crises. During his lifelong pursuit of being a great butler of dignity and keeping with his position like his father, Stevens has chosen to attach to a distinguished household, submitted himself to Lord Darlington’s authority, and narcissistically confirmed that his efforts have >comprised a contribution to the course of history<. Corresponding to Stevens’ masochistic strivings towards authorities is his automaton conformity with the group who share the same profession at the cost of his self and individuality. In addition to negative escape mechanisms, Stevens has been estranged from his fellow men, especially the most intimate two, his father and one-time love Miss Kenton, and has been alienated from him as well. His tragic loss of time and love, and his enduring process of spiritual crises sublimate the particular fictional figure into general meaning. - Chapter Three probes causes of Stevens’ spiritual predicaments from both external and internal as-pects. According to Fromm, man’s birth into the world and his eventual death is unalterable, and although man is endowed with unlimited potentials, his short life span leaves him no time to com-pletely fulfill them. Along with the insoluble existential dichotomy, anonymous authority covertly intervenes in Stevens’ character cultivation and daily performance. Moreover, absence of maternal love leaves Stevens under sole guidance of his father, who stands for law and order, discipline and world of thought, and thwarts Stevens’ association of female figures. Besides, receptive and marketing orientation of Stevens’ character results in his indifference to fellow men and employer-centered attitude. His having mode of life further deprives him of aliveness and exacerbates his alienation of affections. - Chapter Four comes up with possible ways to Stevens’ spiritual salvation. Through mature love and productive activity, one experiences himself as an independent entity of his own strength, and brings life to other people and to things at the same time. What Stevens sees and hears during the six-day trip leads him to rediscover the beauty of nature, the hospitality of strangers, reexamine both himself and his old days and eventually determines to cease introspection and actively look into the future, to love and to create. Stevens’ optimistic expectation for a fresh beginning manifests his redemption of the once lost soul, which is comforting and inspiring. - Based on above analysis and discussion, conclusion points out that Stevens’ rebirth to concentrate on his remaining years serves as an encouragement for all human beings who have been undergoing spiritual crises. It expresses Ishiguro’s genuine care for modern man’s spiritual state and profound thought of human nature. While significances of Ishiguro’s productions are multidimensional, capable of several levels of meanings, last but not least, the humanistic interpretation of The Remains of the Day possesses certain practical meaning to both modern society and modern man, like how to be sane and how to realize the comprehensive development of human beings. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Tong T1 - About the Influence of Marx’s Concept of Freedom to Fromm’s Theory [论马克思自由观对弗洛姆自由观的影响], Master thesis, Basic Principles of Marxism, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China 2014. N2 - 由作为每个人毕生所追求的理想生活状态,在不同的历史时期都受到研究者的关注。自由问题在马克思和弗洛姆的思想中同样占据着重要位置,但国内学者对二者自由观的关系关注较少。马克思的自由观立足于社会实践,经历了从>抽象自由<到>具体自由<的发展过程。他从现实生活中寻找>自由<的载体,在《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》中用>现实的人<代替了费尔巴哈意义上的>自然人<和某种超乎于人的神灵或绝对精神。在《德意志意识形态》中,马克思更加具体地把自由观建立在物质生产劳动的基础上,把自由看作随社会进程的推进而不断发展的动态过程。弗洛姆的自由观认为,当人们脱离母体这一>始发纽带<后便开始了个体化进程。个体化进程走得越远,个体受>始发纽带<的约束就越小,人们就会越自由。但随着人的社会化过程,社会的复杂性会对自由带来新的羁绊。在资本主义社会,人们表面上虽然摆脱了诸多束缚,但在心理上却陷入了空前的孤独与焦虑。人们为了逃避这种心理困境便选择了逃避自由。马克思在自由的内在规定性与研究方法方面都对弗洛姆产生了一定的影响。内在规定性主要包括马克思研究自由问题时所运用的异化理论,对自由载体的界定,以及在批判基础上对理想自由目标的规划及其自由的可实现性。这些都对弗洛姆研究中世纪与现代社会人类自由问题提供了可借鉴的视域。除此之外,弗洛姆在研究人类自由的历史唯物主义分析方法上对马克思也进行了评价与借鉴。弗洛姆认为马克思的历史唯物理论是人类思想史中对了解社会发展规律所作出的最持久最重要的贡献。当然,在受马克思研究方法的基础上,弗洛姆也有一定的创新之处,把自由纳入到了心理学范畴,从心理学的角度对自由予以了解读。 N2 - [Freedom as the pursuit of each person about ideal life state, different historical periods attracts scholars’ attention. Freedom in Marx and Fromm’s thought also occupies the important position, but the domestic scholars’ research rarely involved the comparison of the two kinds of freedom. Marx’s freedom idea based on social practice, has experienced from >abstract freedom< to >specific freedom< evolutionary process. Marx looking for the carrier of >freedom< from real life, he used >realistic people< to replace the emotional sense of the >natural person> and some other gods or absolute spirit. Marx’s idea of freedom based on material production labor, considers freedom along with the advancement of society and the dynamic process of continuous development. Fromm thought when people began leave the >initial bond< it means the beginning of individualized process. Individual process move further, the individual bound by >originating link< the less, people will get freer. But as the complexity of the social development, although people of capitalist society break away from the strictures on the surface, but people trap an unprecedented loneliness and anxiety psychologically. In order to avoid this kind of psychological predicament, people chose to escape from freedom. - The inherent regularity and research ways of Marx’ freedom has produced certain influence to Fromm’s freedom. The inherent regularity mainly includes the alienation theory when Marx research freedom problem, the definition of free freedom carrier, and the plan about the ideal dreamboat that based on the criticism and the reliability of freedom. The research of Fromm’s middle ages and modern society freedom can be drawn lessons from these points. In addition, Fromm evaluate and reference the historical materialism research methodology of Marx’ freedom. Fromm thought that Marx’s historical materialism theory is the most persistent and the most important contribution in the human history. Of course, except reference Marx’ research methods, Fromm also has the certain innovation. He put the freedom into the psychological category to analyze. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Xia T1 - The Vicissitude and Value Interpretation of the Western Theories of the Unconscious [西方无意识理论的变迁与价值诠释], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Yanbian University, Yanbian, Jilin, China 2013. N2 - >无意识<在西方这一概念已经有着悠久的历史。很多哲学家、心理学家都对无意识有过关注和探究,但只有弗洛伊德赋予无意识以重要地位,使得无意识成为人类精神发展史上的一个重要领域①。无意识理论产生和发展对西方哲学、艺术及社会文化的发展都产生了巨大的影响。弗洛伊德对无意识发展的巨大贡献,在于他发现在人的精神生活中起决定作用的并非我们所熟知的意识,而是一种潜藏在意识之下并截然不同于传统理性的无意识。而弗洛伊德的精神分析学也正是建立在无意识的基础之上的。在弗洛伊德学说的基础上,荣格从原始神话和意象的角度重现研究,提出>集体无意识<,给无意识理论注入了新的内涵。在传统的精神分析学一蹶不振的时候,法国精神分析学家拉康提出>回到弗洛伊德的著作中<的口号,对其无意识学说加以改造并拓展,将无意识置入结构主义中来研究,修正了弗洛伊德的理论,给无意识理论注入了新的活力。无意识理论的研究逐渐渗透至文化社会领域。人本主义哲学家弗洛姆在吸收了精神分析的无意识理论的同时也对荣格的集体无意识提出怀疑,主张将无意识回归到现实经验当中,因此把无意识研究置入到人类社会结构中,创立了社会无意识理论。后现代理论活跃的的时代,新马克思主义者詹姆逊博采众说,把精神分析理论的无意识概念融入到马克思主义的社会政治学说中,.兼容其他观点,提出了>政治无意识<,为马克思主义的文化阐释学提供了一种新的借鉴方法。无意识理论的变迁轨迹清晰地显现在我们的眼前。本论文通过论述无意识理论在西方发展的几个不同阶段:弗洛伊德的>个体无意识理论<、荣格的>集体无意识理论<、拉康的>文化无意识理论<、弗洛姆的>社会无意识理论<、詹姆逊的>政治无意识理论<,并对这一理论得以发展的原因进行具体解析,以期从宏观上把握无意识理论在西方的大体发展脉络,明晰无意识理论的变迁轨迹。理论的价值还在于对实际的指导,因此论文从文化、.哲学、艺术及社会等不同角度来论述西方无意识理论的价值。关于西方无意识理论问题的研究,不仅具有重要的理论意义,而且具有广泛的实践应用价值。 N2 - The concept of >unconsciousness< in the west already has a long history. Many philosophers, psychologists have paid attention to the unconscious and inquiry this problem, but only Freud endows the unconscious with the important status and makes the unconscious become an important field in the history of the development of the human spirit. Theory of unconscious has a huge influence on western philosophy, literature and art, and even the whole development of humanities and social sciences. Freud’s huge contribution to the development of the unconsciousness, is that he found the decisive role played in the human spirit life is not the consciousness as we know but the unconscious which hides under consciousness and is entirely different from the traditional rationalism. And Freud’s psychoanalysis is also based on the unconscious. - On the basis of the theory of Freud, Jung’s >the collective unconscious< proceeds from the perspective of primitive myth and image, injects genetic and accumulate connotation into the theory of unconscious connotation and coats the unconscious with mysterious color. While the traditional psychoanalysis showing signs of decline, the French structuralist psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan puts forward the slogan of >go back to Freud’s writings<, transforms and expands the theory of the unconscious, places the unconscious into structuralism to study and corrects the Freud’s theory which injects new vitality into the unconscious. The researches for the unconscious theory are gradually penetrated to the cultural and social fields. Humanistic philosopher Fromm absorbs the psychoanalytic unconscious theory but in the meantime calls into question Jung’s collective unconscious; He advocates the unconscious to return to the experience of reality. So he puts the unconscious research into human society structure and establishes the social unconsciousness theory. Active age of postmodern theory, the new Marxist Jameson learning widely from others’ strong points, unites the Marxist concept of social politics with psychoanalytic theory of the unconscious, compatible with other views, has formed >the political-unconscious<, which provides a new reference method for a Marxist cultural hermeneutics. The vicissitude trajectory of the unconsciousness theory is clearly emerged in front of our eyes. - Through discussing different stages of the unconscious theory in the west: Freud’s >individual unconsciousness< theory, Jung’s >the collective unconscious< theory, Lacan’s >cultural unconscious theory>, Fromm’s >social unconsciousness< theory and Jameson’s >theory of the political unconscious< and analyzing the development of this theory in detail, the paper want to seize the development course of the unconscious theory in the west in general, and make the vicissitude of the unconscious theory clear. The value of theory is also guiding the practice. So the paper from the different angle such as culture, philosophy, art and society to discusses the value of the western theories of the unconscious. The research of western theories of the unconscious, has not only important theoretical significance, but also extensive practical application value. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zou, Zhikun A1 - Zhang, Yang T1 - Fromm’s Consumption Alienation Theory and Its Implications [弗洛姆的异化消费思想及启示] JF - Journal of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities (Social Sciences) [内蒙古民族大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 2 (2016), pp. 17-20. N2 - 弗洛姆认为,异化消费是20世纪西方资本主义社会的典型症状,现代资本主义社会是一个消费异化的社会。消费由手段变成了目的,人被消费所统治,失去了主动性和创造性。人们在异化消费中失去本真。弗洛姆对消费社会进行了批判性反思,对于我们当代人的存在以及社会的和谐发展无疑具有深刻的现实意义。 N2 - According to Fromm, alienated consumption is a typical symptom of Western capitalist society in the 20th century, and modern capitalist society is a society of alienated consumption. Consumption has changed from a means to an end, and people are ruled by consumption and have lost their initiative and creativity. People lose their true nature in the alienation of consumption. Fromm's critical reflection on consumer society is undoubtedly of profound relevance to our contemporary existence and to the harmonious development of society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lu, Yang T1 - An Inquiry into Fromm’s Human Nature Thought and Value of Times [弗洛姆人性思想及其时代价值探析], Master thesis, Foreign Marxism Research, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2014. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆是20世纪美籍德裔的哲学家、精神分析学家和社会学家,法兰克福学派重要成员,弗洛伊德马克思主义的重要代表人物,被誉为>20世纪的心灵透视者<>本世纪最有影响的思想家之一<。论文主体共分四章:第一章,着重阐述弗洛姆人性思想的生成语境。首先,弗洛姆的人性思想发端于人道主义与反人道主义的论争;其次,其人性思想回应了马克思主义是科学主义还是人道主义的论战,为马克思主义做了人道主义的辩护;最后,其人性思想超越了相对主义和绝对主义的人性观。第二章,从三个层面分析弗洛姆人性思想的主要内容。首先,探究弗洛姆人性思想的理论源流,其理论并不是简单综合弗洛伊德和马克思的思想,而是以马克思的历史唯物主义为基础扬弃弗洛伊德的精神分析学说;同时,犹太教信仰和东方禅宗的价值诉求也渗透进他的人性思想中。其次,重点论述弗洛姆人性思想的主要内容,其人性思想以人的生存处境作为逻辑起点,分析生与死、生命有限和潜能无限、个体化与孤独感这三对矛盾,人们在不断寻求解决这些矛盾的过程中产生了人的种种需要。最后,论述社会性格和社会无意识在社会发展中的作用。第三章,致力于揭示现代工业社会人的异化,分析几种典型的异化性格,探索实现人的解放、人的自由和人的全面发展。第四章,论述弗洛姆人性思想的时代价值。尽管弗洛姆的人性思想与建设和谐社会之间的差异是显要的,但两者都以人的发展和完善作为重大关切,因此可以比较、借鉴。首先,弗洛姆人性思想的目标与和谐社会构建的目标相一致;其次,就实现目标的路径而言,二者也不谋而合。因此,弗洛姆的人性思想作为一个基本成熟的理论,其包含若干的真知灼见对于我国和谐社会的构建具有重要的借鉴意义。 N2 - Erich Fromm is a famous German-American humanism philosopher, psychoanalyst and sociologist, and an important representative member of the Frankfurt School in the 20th century. He is known as >mind clairvoyant of the20th century<,>one of the most influential thinkers of the century<. This article is divided into three chapters: The first chapter elaborates the generation context of Fromm’s human nature thought. First of all, his humanity thought originates under the background of humanitarian and anti-humanitarian argument; Secondly, his humanity thought responds the debate of which Marxism is scientific socialism or humanitarian; Last, Fromm’s human nature thought is beyond relativism and absolutism of human nature.– The second chapter aims at analyzing the main content of Fromm’s human nature thought from the following three aspects. The first explores the theoretical origin of Fromm’s human nature thought. His human nature thought is not a simple comprehensive Freud and Marx’s thought, but is based on Marx’s historical materialism sublation of Freud’s psychoanalysis; simultaneously, the Judaism and the value pursuit of Oriental Zen penetrate into his human nature thought. The second emphasizes on the main content of Fromm’s human nature thought. People’s survival situation is the logical beginning, and analyzes three pairs of contradictions that the birth and death, limited life and unlimited potential, individualization and loneliness. People constantly seek ways to solve these contradictions, result in the need of the people. Finally, special emphasis is the role of social character and social unconscious in the process of development of society.– The third chapter is devoted to reveal the people’s alienation in contemporary industrial society. We analyze several typical personality of alienation, explore how to realize human liberation, human freedom and human general development.– The fourth chapter discusses the era value of Fromm’s human nature thought. Although Fromm’s human nature thought is different from building a harmonious society, both regard the development and perfection of people as a major concern. So they can compare and use for reference. Firstly, the goal of Fromm’s human nature thought coincide with the goal of building a harmonious society; Secondly, both have the same path of realization. Therefore, Fromm’s human nature thought is a basic mature theory that contains a number of insights and has important implications for our socialism harmonious society constructing. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Yang T1 - Fromm’s Thought of Moral Education and Its Contemporary Value [弗洛姆的道德教育思想及其当代价值], Master thesis, Comparative Pedagogy, Qufu Normal University, Qufu and Rizhao, Shandong, China 2014. N2 - 艾里希•弗洛姆是20世纪美国颇富影响的精神心理分析学家和杰出的人本主义哲学家,其宏富的思想体系中蕴含着深刻的道德观与道德教育见解。他以>异化<思想为理论武器,深刻而辩证地分析、批判了资本主义社会的种种道德病态现象。以此为基础,弗洛姆合理阐论了犹太教的道德观、马克思主义的人道观、弗洛伊德精神分析理论等思想体系的道德内核,提出了具有鲜明人本主义特色的人道主义伦理观、道德观,意在使西方社会从>异化<状态走向>健全社会<。本文旨在通过对弗洛姆伦理道德观的梳理,较为系统地阐述弗洛姆人道主义道德观的核心主张、精神实质及其之于道德教育建设的理论启示与实践价值。本论文除引论外,主要包括四部分。引论部分主要介绍了国内外学者对弗洛姆伦理道德观的研究现状以及本文选题的缘由与研究方法。第一部分考察了弗洛姆伦理道德思想形成的历史背景与理论来源,主要阐述了弗洛姆独特的个人成长经历及其人道主义伦理观的历史境遇,重点分析了犹太教、马克思主义人道观、弗洛伊德精神分析理论、巴赫芬母系氏族社会和禅宗佛学等多元思想对弗洛姆伦理道德观的影响。第二部分从人性论视角入手,较为系统地梳理了弗洛姆道德思想的理论要旨,阐述了其伦理观的理论内核——良心,自爱与幸福。第三部分重点探讨了弗洛姆道德教育思想的核心观点,主要包括:培养具有生产性人格的道德教育目标观;注重体验性知识的道德教育内容观;注重言传身教、榜样示范的道德教育方法论;注重平等互爱、和谐交流的师生观等。第四部分主要从培养目标、师生关系、校园文化和家庭教育等方面论述了弗洛姆道德教育思想对我国道德教育理论与实践的启示。 N2 - Erich Fromm is distinctive effect American spirit psychoanalyst and outstanding humanism philosophers in the20th century, whose systematic ideology in various ways contains profound ideas in values and moral education. He deeply and critically analyzed and criticized various moral morbid phenomena in capitalist capitalism society based on the theory of >alienation<. On this basis, Fromm reasonably explained morality and ethics of Judaism, humanism of Marxist, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory and other key elements of other ideologies, putting forward the ethics and morality with distinct characteristics in humanitarian, aiming to transfer western society from the state of >alienation< to the >sane society< In the dissertation, with comprehensive learning of Fromm’s ethics morals, I will logically expound on key proposition of Fromm’s humanism morality, spiritual essence and implication and practical values revelation to the development of moral education theory. The dissertation was divided into four sections. Introduction part includes the information of recent researches on Fromm’s ethics done by domestic and foreign scholars, reason of topic selection and methodology. Description of historical background and theoretical sources for the formation of Fromm’s ethics will be in the introduction which not only mainly focuses on the narration of Fromm’s unique growth experience and humanitarian ethics history situation, but also on the analysis of the influence of Judaism, humanism of Marxist, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, Bachofen’s matriarchal society and Zen Buddhism, and so on, on Fromm’s ethics. – In the second part, from the perception of humanism, will systematic explanation of key principles of Fromm’s philosophy and description of key elements of ethics theory that are conscience, self-love and happiness.– In the third part, discussion on key ideas of Fromm’s moral education, including purpose of moral education to cultivate the person of productive personality; attention to the experiential knowledge in moral education; moral and educational methodology of self-engagement and model demonstration; mutual respect and effective communication between teachers and students, will be focused.– Finally, I will argue the implication of Fromm’s moral education thought, on theory and practice of Chinese moral education from the perspective of education aims, relationship between teachers and students and campus culture and family education. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Chenchen T1 - An Analysis of College Students' Online Shopping Behavior from the Perspective of Fromm's Consumption Alienation [弗洛姆消费异化视角下大学生的网购行为分析] JF - Modern Business Trade Industry [现代商贸工业], No. 36 (2020), pp. 49-50. N2 - 作为人本主义精神分析学派的代表人物,弗洛姆在其著作《健全的社会》中,分别从获得物品的途径、使用物品的感受以及消费物品的结果三个方面对消费异化理论进行阐述,并进一步提出构建>人道健康<的消费理念。大学生网购异化行为主要表现在消费主体的异化、消费方式的异化和消费目的的异化三个方面,在弗洛姆健康消费理念指导下,有利于引导大学生树立理性的网购消费观念,促进大学生健康成长。 N2 - As a representative figure of the humanistic psychoanalysis school, Fromm, in his book >The Sound Society<, elaborated on the theory of consumer alienation from three aspects: the way of obtaining goods, the feeling of using goods and the result of consuming goods, and further proposed the concept of >humane and healthy< consumption. Under the guidance of Fromm's concept of healthy consumption, it is conducive to guiding university students to establish a rational concept of online shopping consumption and promoting their healthy growth. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Hao T1 - On a Loving Human: Erich Fromm [论爱之人:弗洛姆] JF - Prosecutorial View [检察风云], No. 18 (2020), p. 75. N2 - 埃里希·弗洛姆1900年生于德国法兰克福一个犹太人家庭,为家中独子。1918年弗洛姆进入法兰克福大学学习两学期法学。1919年暑假后,弗洛姆进入海德堡大学学习,改学社会学,师承阿尔弗雷德·韦伯(马克斯·韦伯的兄弟)、卡尔·雅斯贝斯和海因里希·李凯尔特,1922年获哲学博士学位,次年至慕尼黑大学专攻精神分析学,1925年至1930年间,在柏林精神分析学会接受精神分析训练。 N2 - Born in 1900 in Frankfurt, Germany, the only son of a Jewish family, Erich Fromm entered the University of Frankfurt in 1918 to study law for two semesters. He received his doctorate in philosophy in 1922, went on to specialize in psychoanalysis at the University of Munich the following year and trained in psychoanalysis at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Society between 1925 and 1930. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Kai T1 - Humanistic Thinking in >The Sane Society< and Its Practical Meaning [浅析《健全的社会》的人道主义思想及其现实意义] JF - PR Magazine [国际公关], No. 12 (2020), pp. 371-372. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》中认为社会要健全首先要提高人的地位,防止人的异化。为此他探讨了人性发展的过程,指出人性是人道主义的理论基础,爱是人道主义的核心。他通过区分母爱、友爱和性爱来说明何为人性的爱,并提出社会中应当充满人性之爱。这一思想对我们当今社会的发展也有一定的指导和借鉴意义。 N2 - In >The Sane Society<, Fromm argues that for society to be sound, it is first necessary to raise the status of human beings and prevent their alienation. To this end, he explores the process of human development and points out that human nature is the theoretical basis of humanism and that love is the core of humanism. He distinguishes between maternal love, friendship and erotic love to illustrate what human love is, and suggests that society should be filled with human love. This idea also has some guidance and relevance for the development of our society today. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Lan T1 - Fromm's Concept of Escape from Freedom [弗洛姆逃避自由思想] JF - Theory Research [学理论], No. 4 (2021), pp. 44-46. N2 - 弗洛姆研究自由对现代人的意义并分析现代人自由的困境时,将弗洛伊德的精神分析学融入马克思的社会经济理论学说,利用心理与社会的双重批判,剖析现实社会出现异化现象和困境的根源所在,并总结出逃避自由的三种主要的心理机制表现。弗洛姆逃避自由思想的提出对于分析当代人的心理素质,我国构建社会主义和谐社会以及人类积极自由并且全面发展具有重要理论价值和实践意义。 N2 - When Fromm studied the meaning of freedom to modern people and analyzed the dilemma of modern people's freedom, he integrated Freud's psychoanalysis into Marx's social and economic theories, criticized the state of society from a social psychological point of view, analyzed the root cause of alienation and dilemma in real society, and summarized the three main psychological mechanisms of escape from freedom. Fromm's idea of freedom avoidance has important theoretical and practical significance for analyzing the psychological quality of contemporary people, building a socialist harmonious society in China, and the positive freedom and comprehensive development of human beings. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 5/2021] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yang T1 - Escapism in Jonathan Franzen’s Freedom [乔纳森·弗兰岑《自由》中的逃避主义], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2019 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 评论家及学者对乔纳森·弗兰岑及其作品的关注与日俱增,一度引发>弗兰岑热<。作为弗兰岑的代表作之一,《自由》(2010)探讨了诸如自由、环境保护、战争、人口过剩等关乎人类生存发展的重要问题。国内外有关《自由》的研究已取得一定成果,但关于该小说逃避主题的研究有待进一步深入。基于埃里希·弗罗姆及段义孚关于>逃避<的研究思想,本文拟从逃避自由、逃避现实与逃避动物性三个方面对该小说中的逃避主义进行深入的分析与研究。分析人类所面临的自由困境及积极自由的实现,阐释逃避现实的双重内涵,并探讨道德与人性在规避动物性方面的重要意义,最后指出《自由》中的逃避不仅仅只是消极逃避,也是一种积极的回归与自我实现的方式。论文分为六个章节。第一章,引言,主要对与作家作品相关的背景进行简单介绍,梳理国内外已有的研究成果,并指出论文的研究目的与研究意义。第二章,理论框架。主要对埃里希·弗罗姆的《逃避自由》及段义孚的《逃避主义》进行介绍,并梳理出有关逃避的主要准则,为论文第三章至第五章是论文的主体分析部分。在第三章,从权威主义与破坏分析探讨了逃避自由。在第四章,从迁移与想象分析探讨逃避现实。在第五章,从规避动物性与呼吁人性分析探讨了逃避动物性。第六章,结语。归纳总结逃避主义在该小说中的体现,点明逃避在该小说中的复杂性及积极意义。 N2 - Critics’ and scholars’ increasing interest in Jonathan Franzen leads to the Jonathan Franzen craze. As one of Jonathan Franzen’s representative works, >Freedom< (2010), discusses important issues such as freedom, environmental protection, war, and overpopulation. Foreign and domestic studies on Freedom have made some fruitful achievements, while a further study on the theme of escapism in Freedom is needed and necessary. With Erich Fromm’s and Yi-Fu Tuan’s ideas about escape as theoretical framework, the thesis attempts to explore the escapism in Freedom from three aspects including escape from freedom, escape from reality, and escape from animality, analyzes modern men’s dilemma in face of freedom and how to achieve positive freedom, elucidates double implications of escaping from reality, and discusses the significance of morality and humanity in escaping animality. The thesis concludes that escape is not just a passive response to life but a positive way to return and fulfill self-realization. The thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter one mainly introduces background information about Jonathan Franzen and his works, reviews previous studies, and states research objectives and significance. Chapter two is about theoretical framework, in which Erich Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< and Yi-Fu Tuan’s >Escapism< are introduced. In this part, major principles of escape are summarized on the basis of Fromm’s and Yi-Fu Tuan’s ideas about escape, which provide a theoretical framework for the thesis. The major analysis is from chapter three to chapter five. In chapter three, escape from freedom is analyzed from authoritarianism and destructiveness. In chapter four, escape from reality is discussed from migration and imagination. In chapter five, escape from animality is analyzed from rejection of animal desire and embracing humanity. Chapter six is conclusion. This chapter summarizes representations of escapism in Freedom and highlights the complexity and positive meanings of escape in the novel. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Liye T1 - Fromm's >The Art of Loving< Value Research on Constructing a Harmonious Society [弗洛姆《爱的艺术》对建构和谐社会的价值研究] JF - Country Agriculture Farmers(B) [农村.农业.农民(B版)], , No. 4 (2020), pp. 44-46. N2 - 弗洛姆《爱的艺术》把>爱<归为人类实践生活必不可少的要素。他认为,要想有效破解当代人的孤独与恐惧,必须依赖大爱的表达。只有如此,才能真正为人与社会的和谐相处搭建现实平台。他强调,爱的本质是给予,其基本要素包括关心、责任、尊重和认识。除此之外,在实践维度除要求艺术修养需要的纪律、集中、耐心和兴趣外,更需要爱的艺术所独有的合理信仰、摆脱自恋和积极活动这三要素。弗洛姆本人虽已远去,但弗洛姆思想在今天却熠熠生辉。这对解决很多社会现象,特别是思想情感方面,仍具有举足轻重的作用。 N2 - Fromm's >The Art of Loving< classifies >love< as an essential element of human practice. He believes that to effectively solve the loneliness and fear of contemporary people, we must rely on the expression of great love. Only in this way can we truly build a realistic platform for the harmonious coexistence of people and society. He emphasized that the essence of love is to give, and its basic elements include care, responsibility, respect and recognition. In addition, in addition to the discipline, concentration, patience, and interest required for artistic cultivation in the practical dimension, it also needs the three elements of reasonable belief unique to the art of love, getting rid of narcissism and active activities. Although Fromm himself has gone away, Fromm's thoughts shine today. This still plays a decisive role in solving many social phenomena, especially in ideological and emotional aspects. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shunyi T1 - Expanding Writing Space With Classic Reading – A Comment on a 2018 College Entrance Examination [以经典阅读拓展写作空间——评一篇2018年高考上海卷佳作] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - National Excellent Composition (High School) [全国优秀作文选(高中)], No. 5 (2019), pp. 62-64. N2 - 2018年高考上海卷作文题生活中,人们不仅关注自身的需要,也时常渴望被他人需要,以体现自己的价值。这种>被需要<的心态普遍存在,对此你有怎样的认识?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的思考。要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。 N2 - In the life of the 2018 college entrance examination, people not only pay attention to their own needs, but also often desire to be needed by others to reflect their own value. This kind of >needed< mentality is universal, how do you know about it? Please write an article about your thinking. Requirements: (1) Self-study questions; (2) Not less than 800 words. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Siji T1 - Comment on the Philosophical World View of Frankfurt School and >Social Critical Theory< [评法兰克福学派的哲学世界观和>社会批判理论<] JF - Shandong Social Science [山东社会科学], No. 3 (1992), pp. 22-25. N2 - 法兰克福学派产生于本世纪20年代末和30年代初,因发源于德国莱茵河畔的法兰克福大学社会研究所而得名,它的创始人是霍克海默,著名代表人物还有:马尔库塞、阿多诺、弗洛姆、哈贝马斯等。法兰克福学派既是当代人本主义的主要流派,也是>西方马克思主义<中最有影响的一个流派。 N2 - The Frankfurt School was born in the late 1920s and early 1930s and was named after the Institute of Social Studies at the University of Frankfurt on the Rhine River in Germany. Its founder is Horkheimer, a famous representative. Also: Marcuse, Adorno, Fromm, Habermas and so on. The Frankfurt School is both the main genre of contemporary humanism and the most influential genre of >Western Marxism.< [Automatic translation] Y1 - 1992 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Tao T1 - Where Does Your View of Sex Come From [你的性爱观从何而来] JF - Marriage and Family 婚姻与家庭(婚姻情感版), No. 7 (2019), p. 38. N2 - 当你们的性爱出了异常,有没有想过原因可能出在原生家庭?为什么你有性洁癖?为什么你在性爱中容易紧张,无法全身心放松?为什么你越是吵架,越想做爱?这些异常,也许与你的原生家庭有关系。心理学家艾瑞克•弗洛姆说:>每个人生下来都是一粒种子,能够长成什么样,不仅受着内在的驱动,常常也和外界环境的影响有关系。<而父母对性的态度和观念,也会潜移默化地影响着我们。 N2 - When your sex is abnormal, have you ever thought that the reason may be in a native family? Why do you have sex? Why are you nervous in sex and unable to relax? Why are you more? Quarrel, the more you want to have sex? These anomalies may be related to your native family. Psychologist Eric Fromm said: >Every life is a seed, what it can grow, not only by the internal drive, but also by the influence of the external environment.< Sexual attitudes and attitudes will also affect us subtly. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cao, Yang T1 - On Fromm's Expansion of Marx's Alienation Theory [浅析弗洛姆对马克思异化理论的拓展] JF - University [大学], No. 50 (2021), pp. 42-44. N2 - 异化是马克思思想的核心概念。弗洛姆的异化理论综合了马克思主义和弗洛伊德主义的社会批判理论,以人本主义心理学为认识工具,考查、分析了当代西方资本主义社会的各种矛盾、危机和现实问题,从而形成了独特的异化论。重视弗洛姆的异化论有助于以一种新的视角认识当今资本主义社会,有助于丰富马克思的异化观。本文结合政治、经济、文化环境等因素,分析了异化的根源,并探讨了克服异化和健全社会的实现途径,有助于丰富马克思的异化观。 N2 - Alienation is the core concept of Marx's thought. Fromm's theory of alienation integrates Marxist social critical and Freudian theories, and uses humanistic psychology as a cognitive tool to examine and analyze various contradictions, crises and practical problems in contemporary Western capitalist society. Thus formed a unique theory of alienation. Paying attention to Fromm's theory of alienation helps to understand today's capitalist society from a new perspective and helps enrich Marx's view of alienation This article combines political, economic, cultural environment and other factors to analyze the root causes of alienation, and explore the ways to overcome alienation and improve society, which will help enrich Marx's view of alienation. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2021] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Manuel T1 - Reading Culture and Society against the Cultural Cold War and the Culture Wars JF - Coils of the Serpent – Journal for the Study of Contemporary Power, No. 9 (2021), pp. 82-114. [Online ISSN 2520-3059] [ul.qucosa.de/api/qucosa%3A77026/attachment/ATT-0/] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Mingyue A1 - Wang, Zhiyin T1 - Briony's Self-redemption Process in >Atonement< Based on Social Personality Theory [社会性格理论下《赎罪》中布里奥妮的自我救赎过程] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Peony [牡丹], No. 20 (2023), pp. 95-98. N2 - 赎罪》是麦克尤恩的一部著名的长篇小说,小说中悲剧形成的背后显然存在着更复杂的因素。本文以弗洛姆的社会性格理论为理论依据,从社会经济因素、父母意识两个方面出发,对书中推动布里奥妮作出错误指认的因素进行分析,并借此研究深埋在悲剧之后的一系列阶级问题和腐朽思想,发现严苛的阶级观念和畸形的母爱是造成布里奥妮畸形性格的元凶,而成年之后的布里奥妮又通过道德意识的觉醒,实现自我救赎。 N2 - >Atonement< is a famous novel by McEwan. There are obviously more complex factors behind the formation of the tragedy in the novel. This article uses Fromm's social personality theory as a theoretical basis, starting from two aspects: socioeconomic factors and parental awareness, to analyze the factors that promote Briony's wrong identification in the book, and to study the hidden consequences behind the tragedy. A series of class issues and decadent ideas revealed that strict class concepts and abnormal maternal love were the culprits of Briony's deformed character. After adulthood, Briony realized self-salvation through the awakening of moral consciousness. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - A Study of Marx's Influence on Fromm's Social Character Theory [马克思对弗洛姆社会性格理论的影响研究], Master thesis, Psychology, Marxist Philosophy, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2021. N2 - The theory of social character is a creative theory that Fromm combines Marx’s social thought and consciousness view on the basis of Freud’s theory of character. Fromm regards Marx as a person of world historical significance. Although Freud sees personal psychological factors, he neglects the influence of social environment on human personality, which limits his vision. Marx thinks far more deeply and more than Freud. He examines human behavior from the social and economic structure, but the irrational factors were ignored, so Fromm tried to >melt the two into one furnace<. Meanwhile, the misreading and Misreading of Marx thought by >pseudo Marxism< made Fromm spend a lot of energy on studying and thinking about Marxism, not only criticizing it, but also expounding his understanding of Marxism. The author proposes the theory of social character to make up for the deficiency of Marx in the micro psychological level and the concrete transformation mechanism between economic foundation and superstructure. The concept of >social character< clearly reflects the traces of Marxist thought. Under the influence of Marx’s thought, Fromm examined the character in the relationship between man and the world, insisted that >the main thing of human is social existence<, and modified Freud with Marx ’social tendency, and explained the decisive effect of social economic structure on social character from the root and change of social character.– At the same time, we also noticed the role of >bond< and >explosive mortar< of social character, so as to explain the relative independence of social character. Not only that, Fromm also explored the foundation and premise of social character, namely, social unconsciousness. He put unconsciousness in the concrete world of reality for understanding, insisted that >consciousness is the product of society< and modified Freud’s >libido< with Marx’s >historical power<. He not only expounded the decisive role of social existence on social unconsciousness, but also saw the negative effect of social unconsciousness on social existence, and tried to make people realize the repression of facts, and seek the way of social change to break this repression.– Fromm’s theory of social character is influenced by Marx’s thought. Although he always bases on the people in the real society and examines the human character in social history, he still regards Marx thought as spiritual existentialism in essence, and the theoretical focus is on the role of social character on human behavior and thinking, and does not really understand Marxism, not only does the understanding of human nature stay in the abstract theory of human nature, but also does not touch the fundamental contradiction of capitalist society, and it is not realistic with a strong utopian color. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - The New World of Values in Michael Ende's >Die unendliche Geschichte< [米切尔·恩德小说《永远讲不完的故事》中的新价值世界T], Master thesis, World Literature, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 《永远讲不完的故事》是德国作家米切尔·恩德最具代表性的青少年奇幻文学作品之一。作者借以小主人公巴斯蒂安在现实世界的遭遇深刻阐释现代人的普遍精神现状:孤独和内心荒芜,并致力于通过主人公在幻想王国的冒险重建一个新的价值世界来改变现状。为寻找这个新的价值世界,本文首先借用社会心理学家弗洛姆的“>社会性格<理论对文章提及的旧世界以及不同社会模式下的价值进行挖掘,再对生活在这些价值模式下的人进行主体间性分析。通过分析导致巴斯蒂安孤独以及内心荒芜的是一个理性当道的世界,而帮助他从幻想王国重回现实世界的则是>爱<。在这个以爱为名的世界里,爱不仅帮助巴斯蒂安突破孤独的壁垒,而且用其所独有的创造性丰富个体内心世界。除此之外,爱还帮助巴斯蒂安以全新的观点发现世界,重寻自我。因此,>爱<作为新的价值当之无愧,必能引导人类精神重新归家,还给人其人性尊严。 N2 - >Die unendliche Geschichte< [>The Neverending Story<] is one of the most representative works of young people's fantasy literature by German author Michael Ende. The author uses the encounter of the young protagonist Bastian in the real world to profoundly explain the common spiritual status of modern people: loneliness and inner desolation, and devotes himself to rebuilding a new value world through the adventures of the protagonist in the fantasy kingdom to change the status quo. In order to find this new world of values, this paper first uses social psychologist Fromm's >social character< theory to explore the old world and the values under different social models mentioned in the article, and then analyzes the inter-subjectivity of people living under these value models. Through this analysis, Bastian's loneliness and inner desolation are caused by a world where reason prevails, while >love< helps him to return from the fantasy kingdom to the real world. In this world of love, love not only helps Bastian to break through the barrier of loneliness, but also enriches his inner world with its unique creativity. In addition, love helps Bastian to discover the world with a new perspective and to rediscover himself. Therefore, >love< is a new value that will lead the human spirit back to its home and restore its human dignity. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Yiqiong T1 - On the Female Images in >Them< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Theory, Master thesis, World Literature, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Joyce Carol Oates (1938 –), one of the most prominent and influential writers in contemporary American literature, is distinguished for her prolificacy in a variety of styles and genres. Oates’s works are unique in exposing the violence and evil in American society. Her works give readers a whole picture of American society, which vividly and graphically reflects the real life from all social backgrounds and presents the reality that lies beneath the surface of American prosperous society. >Them<, published in 1969, is one of Oates’s most important and representative works. The story, spanning almost three decades, presented the real life of the three Wendalls and a panoramic view of American society, which mirrored the living conditions and miserable fate of the lower class. Under the theoretical guidance of Fromm’s theory of social character, the thesis adopts the research method of close reading and makes a profound discussion on the female images in >Them< based on the impact of social reality and family interpersonal relationship on people’s psychology.– The thesis selects three typical female characters in >Them< – Loretta, her daughter Maureen and Nadine as representatives, and analyzes the formation and the expression of their personalities, so as to reveal how female images are distorted in the patriarchal society. Oates portrays the misfortunes and sufferings of women’s lives in the novel. These women, who explore the way of living, are brave enough to resist and break through the shackles of fate. However, they finally lose their self-consciousness under the trouble of social environment and the imbalance of family interpersonal relationship. The three female characters in Oates’s >Them< seek freedom through marriage and money. While they have female consciousness and rebellious spirit, they are always surrounded by violence and male discourse. Therefore, no matter what efforts they make, none of them can get rid of the shackles of patriarchal society. They are doomed to failure. Through the portrayal of women’s living conditions, it arouses readers’ attention and sympathy to women, which reflects Oates’s deep thinking of contemporary women’s issues and the fate of humanity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zhaoxin T1 - On the Theory of Needs by William Leiss, Master thesis, Philosophy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2022. N2 - In the process of the continuous development of capitalism, the ecological crisis and a series of environmental problems have been caused by the incorrect understanding of the relationship between man and nature. In this context, William Leiss, who has long been concerned about ecological issues, criticized the capitalist society on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxism’s theory of need and Herbert Marcuse’s theory of >True or false need<, with a new perspective to explain the needs of the capitalist system of human needs, the formation of their own ideological characteristics of the needs of the theory. Specifically, William Leiss is mainly concerned with the complexity of human desires, which is an important reason for the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the need to be oriented toward the commodity world, which is the root cause of the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the thought of human conquering nature is the important foundation of the formation of the capitalist high-consumption society. On this basis, Leiss pays attention to the quality of commodities, pays attention to the multi-dimension and relevance of human needs, and understands the close relationship between human needs and natural environment, familiar with the estimated characteristics of commodities in four aspects of the future human needs to express and meet the concept, and the future human needs to express and meet the way to explore, namely the following four aspects, advocating a general orientation of human needs towards a non-single field of goods, and an open minded self-interest to replace anthropocentrism ideology in an easily viable society, it is suggested that natural entities have the same legal rights as human beings. William Leiss’s theory of needs, while providing a new perspective on the mode of production of capitalism, enriches ecological Marxism and provides a useful reference for the establishment of a correct concept of consumption, but there is also a certain degree of misunderstanding of Marxism’s concept of goods, the lack of a certain global vision, its proposed solution is utopian. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Huinan T1 - 論禪宗公案中的矛盾與不可說 [On the Contradiction and the Unspeakable in Zen Koans] JF - 國立臺灣大學哲學論評 [National Taiwan University Philosophy Review], Vol. 9 (1986), pp. 139-153. N2 - There are three types of Ch’an kung-an that often bewilder Buddhologists; namely, (1) the contradictory, (2) the inexpressible, and (3) mixture of the two. D. T. Suzuki and the scholars influenced by him, for example, E. Fromm, think that these three types of kung-an imply the truth realized by Ch’an masters, the truth which goes beyond daily language and logic. However, as the author points out, there are two traditions in Ch’an School: (1) the >Buddha-nature< tradition based on the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra, and (2) the prajna tradition based on the Diamond Sūtra. Suzuki and Fromm’s interpretation only emphasizes the first tradition and ignores the second one. According to the second tradition, the contradiction and inexpressibility of kung-an may seem to indicate the truth of non-existence-śūnyatā, not necessarily indicating the truly existing >Buddha-nature<. Y1 - 1986 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Liyin T1 - The Marxist Viewpoint of the Frankfurt School [法兰克福学派的马克思主义观] JF - Marxist Philosophical Research [马克思主义哲学研究], No. 00 (2011), pp. 224-235. N2 - 在马克思主义批判理论的宏旨下,法兰克福学派从多种视角出发继承和发展了马克思主义。霍克海默将其理论阐明为一种>批判理论<;阿多诺提出了以连续否定为核心的否定辨证法;马尔库塞先后将海德格尔、黑格尔、弗洛伊德与马克思的思想结合起来,对当代资本主义社会以及苏联马克思主义进行了有力的批判;弗洛姆将马克思主义视为一种人学,将其与精神分析学结合起来提出了>社会性格<等新范畴,并力图以此揭示经济基础和上层建筑相互作用的微观机制;哈贝马斯在批判吸收历史唯物主义的基础上,运用其交往理论的解释框架提出了以主体间的互动为社会发展基本动力的理论。 N2 - Under the grand purpose of Marxist critical theory, the Frankfurt School inherited and developed Marxism from various perspectives. Horkheimer's theory was articulated as a >Critical theory<; Adorno put forward a discursive method of negation with continuous negation as the core; Marcuse combined the ideas of Heidegger, Hegel, Freud and Marx to make a powerful critique of contemporary capitalist society and Soviet Marxism; Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to put forward new categories such as >social character<. Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to propose new categories such as >social character< and tried to reveal the micro mechanisms of the interaction between the economic base and the superstructure; Habermas, based on the critical absorption of historical materialism, used the explanatory framework of his interaction theory to put forward the theory of the interaction between subjects as the basic driving force of social development. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zonglin T1 - The Spread and Acceptance of Fromm in China, Master thesis, Art Theory; Journalism and Media, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2024. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] As a representative figure of the Frankfurt School that combines literary theorists, philosophers, and social critics, Fromm’s ideas not only exhibit interdisciplinary and diverse integration, but also make his unique contribution to the development of society. The comprehensive and high-level dissemination and acceptance of Fromm’s ideas have also created Fromm’s media image today, providing a foundation for the widespread dissemination of his works and ideas. Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< and >The Art of Loving< are still widely circulated in China today, which can also be attributed to the cross media communication in the era of new media. The paper first starts with the translation, introduction, and publication of Fromm’s original works in China, and discusses the publication overview, form, and sub texts of Fromm’s original works. It also comprehensively examines the paper dissemination form of his theoretical works. The study of the subtitles in Fromm’s original work is a distinctive part of the paper, which is interpreted from two aspects: the evolution of the inner subtitles and the expansion of the outer subtitles. Secondly, study the cross media dissemination of Fromm’s ideas. This applies Mc Luhan media theory, Fromm’s own sociological, psychological, and philosophical theories to study Fromm’s cross media communication in China. Firstly, the evolution of the context of the dissemination of Fromm’s ideas has been summarized, from the initial critical acceptance of Fromm’s introduction to China to the mass communication in the new century. Next is the fragmented dissemination of classic works, exploring Fromm’s dissemination in China from three aspects: as a weapon of thought, as a reading note, and as a philosophical maxim. Finally, there is Fromm in mass media, which aims to restore Fromm’s media image in new media. It is mainly divided into three parts: the popularization of theoretical dissemination, Fromm and the Love Bible, and literary criticism, attempting to identify the reasons for Fromm’s popularity from the root. The acceptance of Fromm’s thought in China is a summary and supplement to the first two parts, and also a process of further approaching Fromm’s thought. The paper first analyzes the audience of Fromm’s ideas in China, starting from two perspectives of productive personality and non-productive personality, and studying Fromm’s acceptance from two audience groups. Secondly, we will explore the ways in which Fromm’s ideas are accepted in China, which can be divided into specialized research in academic dissertations and interdisciplinary research in academic journal papers. The paper further discusses the contemporary value of Fromm’s ideas in China, reflecting reflection and sublimation of Fromm’s research on contemporary value. By closely following the communication characteristics of the new media era, this paper carries out media analysis, reassesses its ideological value, seeks the contemporary value of Fromm’s thought in China, and makes contributions to the retention and dissemination of its essence. Strive to apply Fromm’s own theory to study Fromm’s dissemination and reception in China. By sorting out representative thoughts of Fromm such as >freedom theory<, >personality theory<, and >love theory<, corresponding to the different stages of Fromm’s dissemination in China, and further studying the context and process of Fromm’s dissemination and reception in China, this paper explores the enlightening significance of his ideological theory. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 3/2025] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Ping T1 - Analysis of >Love< in >Klara and the Sun< from the Perspective of Fromm's Theory of Love [《克拉拉与太阳》中>爱<的分析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Overseas English [海外英语], No. 20 (2024), pp. 208-210. N2 - 石黑一雄的小说《克拉拉与太阳》从人工智能机器人克拉拉的视角出发,讲述了人类处于人工智能时代的情感焦虑问题,引发人们对于未来世界中人工智能时代人类所面临的危机以及人类是否能处理与人工智能关系的深入思考。文章以埃瑞克·弗洛姆的爱的理论为指导,深入探究以乔西为代表的后人类群体之间的爱,启发处于人工智能时代的人们应该如何去爱身边的人和事物。 N2 - Kazuo Ishiguro's novel >Klara and the Sun< tells the emotional anxiety of human beings in the era of artificial intelligence from the perspective of the artificial intelligence robot Clara, which triggers people's in-depth thinking about the crisis faced by human beings in the future world of artificial intelligence and whether human beings can deal with the relationship with artificial intelligence. Guided by Erich Fromm's theory of love, this article deeply explores the love between post-human groups represented by Josie, and inspires people in the era of artificial intelligence to love the people and things around them. [Translation: www.google translator, 12/2024] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Rong T1 - Unconsciousness·>Man<·Modernist Literature – Rediscussing the Outstanding Contribution of Freud's Theory [无意识·>人<·现代派文学──再论弗洛伊德学说的突出贡献] JF - Journal of Ningxia University (Social Science Edition) [宁夏大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 3 (1994). N2 - 无意识·>人<·现代派文学──再论弗洛伊德学说的突出贡献杨荣著名的精神分析学者、法兰克福学派的代表埃里希·弗洛姆认为,西·弗洛伊德和马克思>都是现时代的设计师<。>他们为建立一门新的人的科学奠定了基础<[1]。的确,弗洛伊德以他对人类内心奥秘的卓越发 ... N2 - Erich Fromm, a famous psychoanalyst and representative of the Frankfurt School, believed that Freud and Marx >are both designers of the modern era.>They laid the foundation for the establishment of a new science of man< [1]. Indeed, Freud, with his outstanding discovery of the mysteries of the human heart ... [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 1994 ER -