TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yang T1 - Development and Enlightenment of the Theory of Alienation – Alienation Based on Ideas of Marx, Lukács, and Fromm [异化理论的发展及启示——基于马克思、卢卡奇、弗洛姆的异化思想考察] JF - Journal of Karamay [克拉玛依学刊], No. 1 (2015), pp. 47-51. N2 - 异化是一个有着悠久历史的理论范畴,自马克思提出劳动异化理论后,对后世产生了深远的影响。卢卡奇继承了马克思的思想,提出了物化理论,批判资本主义异化现象。弗洛姆则将马克思主义与弗洛伊德心理分析相结合,从文化工业影响的角度描述异化现象。三位学者的异化理论虽然侧重点有所不同,但都关注社会中人的生存问题。 N2 - alienation has a long history of theoretical categories, since the labor theory of alienation Marx, on the later had a profound impact. Lukacs inherited Marx's ideas, put forward the theory materialized, critique of capitalism alienation. Fromm then Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis combined describe alienation from the perspective of the impact of the culture industry. Although the theory of alienation three scholars focus is different, but are concerned about the survival of human society. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shanqi A1 - Yang, Xiaorui T1 - Consumption Alienation in the Digital Economy Era: Roots, Manifestations and Return to Autonomy [数字经济时代的消费异化:根源、表现与回归] JF - Unity, No. 6 (2022), pp. 33-35. N2 - 面对百年未有之大变局,>加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局<,消费已成为打通国内大循环生产、分配、流通、消费各个环节的重要突破口,作为劳动力再生产的必要手段,消费结构和质量更是关系到人民对美好生活的追求。数字经济时代人民消费的方式、内容和结构都发生了深刻的变革,消费主义文化在虚拟和现实世界交互中被放大,导致背离人本身需要的数字消费异化现象越来越成为一个不容忽视的社会问题。一、消费异化的根源消费异化理论可追溯到法兰克福学派埃里希·弗洛姆和赫伯特·马尔库塞的>消费领域的异化>和>虚假的需要<等概念。弗洛姆提到:因为消费成了目的本身因为消费不再是为了使用或享受买来的消费物品,所以购买和消费的行为成了强迫性的和非理性的目的。>同样,马尔库塞认为消费异化使人按照<虚假的需求>而消费,<>虚假的需求<是指那些在个人的压抑中由特殊的社 … N2 - In the face of the unprecedented changes in a century, >accelerate the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic circulation as the main body and the domestic and international circulation promoting each other<, consumption has become an important breakthrough to open the various links of production, distribution, circulation and consumption of the domestic circulation, as a necessary means of labor reproduction, the structure and quality of consumption is more related to People's pursuit of a better life. The way, content and structure of people's consumption in the digital economy have undergone profound changes, and the culture of consumerism has been amplified in the interaction between the virtual and real worlds, resulting in the alienation of digital consumption that deviates from people's own needs, which is becoming a social problem that cannot be ignored. The theory of consumer alienation can be traced back to the concepts of >alienation in the field of consumption< and >false needs< by Erich Fromm and Herbert Marcuse of the Frankfurt School. Fromm mentioned that >because consumption becomes an end in itself because it is no longer for the use or enjoyment of the bought consumer goods, the act of buying and consuming becomes a compulsive and irrational end.< Similarly, Marcuse argues that consumer alienation makes people consume according to >false needs<, >false needs< are those that are repressed by the individual in a special social … [Translation: www.deepL/Translator, free version, 5/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yang T1 - Freud: In Search of Human Nature [弗洛伊德:探寻人性] JF - Comprehensive Reading for Students, No. 12 (2007), pp. 56-57. N2 - 心理学家弗洛姆曾经说:>先知 … 他是一位揭示那已被预先决定了的未来的预言者吗?他是一个坏消息而不是好消息或愉快消息的传播者吗?<在他的心里,他的老师、精神分析的鼻祖弗洛伊德就是这样一位先知。 N2 - The theoretician Fromm once said, >Is the prophet ... a prophet who reveals the future that has been predetermined? Is he a purveyor of bad news rather than good or pleasant news?< In his mind, his teacher, Freud, the originator of psychoanalysis, was such a prophet. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zing, Yang Kuo T1 - Studies on the Basic Factors in Animal Fighting: I. General Analysis of Fighting Behavior, II. Nutritional Factors Affecting Fighting Behavior in Quails, III. Hormonal Factors Affecting Fighting in Quails, IV. Developmental and Environmental Factors Affecting Fighting in Quails JF - The Journal of Genetic Psychology (No. 96, 1960), pp. 201-206, 207-216, 217-223, 225-239. Y1 - 1960 N1 - Xeroxcopy ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zing, Yang Kuo T1 - Studies on the Basic Factors in Animal Fighting: V. Inter-Species Coexistence in Fish, VI. Inter-Species Coexistence in Birds, VII: Inter-Species Coexistence in Mammals JF - Journal of Genetic Psychology, (97, 1960), pp. 181-194, 195-209, 211-225. Y1 - 1960 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yuan, Yang T1 - On the Paradox of Freedom in Modern Society – Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< Impressions [略论现代社会自由的悖论——弗罗姆《逃避自由》有感] JF - Data of Culture and Education [文教资料], No. 4 (2015), pp. 43-44. N2 - 自由和解放是哲学永久的命题,哲学家们对现代一切问题的批判诸如资本逻辑、技术理性、人的物化、异化现象乃至对女权主义的宣扬都体现了对人的自由和解放的追求。从古至今,自由都是人类永恒的追求,>不自由,毋宁死<,>生命诚宝贵,爱情价更高;若为自由故,二者皆可抛<,更是把自由看做比生命和爱情还要珍贵和重要的东西。然而人类在追求自由的过程中,却发现自己更孤独和不安全,于是他们选择逃避自由,要么屈从权威,要么贪求权力,以期获得安全感。弗洛姆通过对这自由之悖论的分析,提出自发地爱和工作这一途径,以实现真正的自由即积极的自由。 N2 - Freedom and emancipation is philosophy permanent proposition, everything modern philosophers such as criticism of the logic of capital, technical rationality, people materialized, alienation and even aired on feminism are reflected on the people's freedom and pursuit of liberation. From ancient times, freedom is the eternal pursuit of mankind, >not free, or give me death<, >Life is precious, and love even more; if it is free, both can throw<, freedom has even seen as larger than life and love is more precious and important things. However, in the pursuit of human freedom in the process, they found themselves more lonely and insecure, so they chose to escape from freedom, or succumb to the authority, or lust for power, in order to obtain a sense of security. Fromm through this paradox of freedom on the analysis of spontaneous love and work in this way in order to achieve true freedom that is positive freedom. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yuan, Yang T1 - Research of Alienation from Fromm >Healthy Society< [从弗洛姆的《健全的社会》研究异化问题] JF - Data of Culture and Education [文教资料], No. 3 (2015), pp. 42-43. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》一书中,从人本主义立场分析了现代资本主义社会的异化问题。社会上方方面面的异化现象造成了人的异化,人丧失了他的主体性,没有了自我感。他的所思、所感都是受控于被他创造出来的物,他与物、自我和他的同胞都是疏离的,于是感到自己孑然一身,他感到孤独、空虚、缺乏安全感。所以,他选择投靠一股强有力的力量,趋向一致、求同,使自己淹没在这个群体的洪流中,以期获得归属感。所以,他顺从权威,对消费需要的不受挫来取乐,满足他的空虚、寂寥。弗洛姆认为这种异化的社会性格是在资本主义病态和不健全社会下形成的。于是,他认为要解决这种异化问题,就要构建一个健全的社会。 N2 - Fromm in >healthy society<, a book, from the standpoint of humanism analyzed alienation of modern capitalist society. On the social aspects of the alienation caused the alienation of people, who lost his subjectivity, there is no sense of self. His thoughts, and feelings are controlled by his created things, and things that he, and his fellow self is alienated, so feel alone in the world, he felt lonely, empty, insecure. So, he chose to take refuge in a surge of powerful forces, trends consistent with seeking to make themselves drowning in a flood of this group in order to obtain a sense of belonging. So, he obey authority on consumer needs are not frustrated to have fun, meet his emptiness, loneliness. Fromm think this character is social alienation under capitalism morbidity and inadequate social formation. So he thought to solve this problem of alienation, it is necessary to build a healthy society.] [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yang T1 - Human Eternal War – Reading Snow >Trinity< [人类永恒的战争——读残雪《三位一体》] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Time Education (Education and Teaching Edition) [时代教育(教育教学版)], No. 5 (2008), p. 24. N2 - 残雪的《三位一体》是一篇描写人的精神领域善与恶斗争的文章。本文试用精神分析学家弗洛伊德的释梦原理以及埃里希•弗洛姆的人性理论来对此进行阐释,以期对这篇文章进行解读。 N2 - Snow >Trinity< is a description of the field of human spiritual struggle between good and evil article. In this paper, the principles of interpretation of dreams trial psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud and Erich Fromm's theory of human nature to explain this conduct in order to interpret this article. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xiao, Yang T1 - Fromm Psychoanalytic Interpretation of the Characters in >King Lear< [《李尔王》中人物形象的弗洛姆心理分析解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Science & Technology Information [科技信息], No. 15 (2014), p. 189. N2 - 人文主义者莎士比亚,英国文艺复兴时期最伟大的文学家,在世界文学史上享有盛誉。《李尔王》作为代表莎士比亚最高艺术成就的作品之一,20世纪以来,其地位不断上升,与世纪伊始弗洛伊德所开创的心理分析学派不无关系。心理分析社会文化学派学者弗洛姆将弗洛伊德理论与马克思的社会理论结合起来,创立了人本主义精神分析学,并将心理分析运用到社会历史中去,研究人潜意识、行为、社会环境和历史发展之间相互作用的关系,希望建立一个健全的社会。本文将用弗洛姆的自由观点和人格取向,社会性格和社会潜意识等理论分析《李尔王》中主要人物,尝试综合考虑人物的潜意识和行为,将其放在社会历史的大舞台上进行开放全面的分析。 N2 - Humanist Shakespeare, the greatest writer in the English Renaissance, renowned in the history of world literature. >King Lear< as one of the representative works of Shakespeare highest artistic achievements of the 20th century, its rising status, not unrelated to the beginning of the century, Freud pioneered psychoanalysis school. Psychoanalysis sociocultural scholars Fromm will Freudian theory and Marxist social theory combine the creation of humanistic psychoanalysis and psychological analysis applied to social history to study human subconscious, behavioral, social the relationship between the environment and the interaction of historical development, hope to build a healthy society. This paper will analyze the >King Lear< in the main character with the freedom of opinion and personality Fromm orientation, social personality and social theories of the unconscious, subconscious attempt considering the character and behavior, will be placed on the social history of the big stage open comprehensive analysis. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Zijun T1 - Talking about Cross-cultural Differences in the Art of Love [浅谈爱之艺术的跨文化差异] JF - Master [大家], No. 24 (2010), p. 83. N2 - 著名的精神分析学家弗洛姆在《爱的艺术》提出了一个概念,那就是爱是一种能力,是一种艺术。如果说爱是一种能力,那么就是说爱只是一种主观方面的东西。这和作者的精神分析家的背景有很大的关系,精神分析一直强调主体体验和主 N2 - Famous psychoanalyst Erich Fromm in the >Art of Loving< presents a concept that love is a capacity, is an art. If love is an ability, then that is what love is just a subjective aspect. This is a psychoanalyst and author of the background of a great relationship, psychoanalysis has always emphasized and the main body experience. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Guangyu T1 - Erich Fromm's Concept of Cultural Transformation – A >Healthy Society< as an Example [浅析弗洛姆的文化转型观——以《健全的社会》为例] JF - Huazhang [华章], No. 17 (2012), p. 7. N2 - 弗洛姆作为西方马克思主义代表人物之一,在《健全的社会》一书中阐述了文化转型的观点。分析他的文化转型观点具有积极的现实意义,既可以使人们重视文化的继承性,也可以促进教育观念的转变,为当前的文化建设和文化创造提供了理论借鉴。 N2 - Fromm as one representative of Western Marxism, in the >healthy society<, a book describes the cultural transformation of view. His analysis of cultural transformation has a positive view of practical significance, not only can make people pay attention cultural inheritance, but also can promote the transformation of educational concepts, creating a theoretical reference for the current culture and culture. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang Kang, Yuxin T1 - Marx's Theory of Alienation and Its Practical Significance [马克思的异化理论及其现实意义], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2012. N2 - 异化作为标志人的生存状态的重要哲学范畴,一直是哲学家们关注和争论的焦点。异化理论是马克思理论的重要内容之一,他是在吸收前人思想的基础之上,创造性地提出了自己的异化理论。本文主要通过重新审视马克思的异化理论,探讨它的理论来源和形成阶段,重点分析了马克思的异化劳动理论,并且选取了西方马克思主义的几个典型代表人物:马尔库塞、卢卡奇、列斐伏尔、弗洛姆,对他们有关异化思想予以介绍。以此为理论基础,来分析现代人在人与物之间,人与人之间以其人与自然之间的异化表现,并且进一步分析了当代中国在经济、政治和文化领域内所存在的一些异化现象,探讨了这些现象存在的必然性和历史性。最后,在此基础上,探讨马克思异化理论的现实意义,即对人的全面发展的导向作用和对社会主义和谐社会构建的促进作用,从而彰显马克思异化理论的时代意义。 N2 - Alienation as a symbol of state of existence of human being in important philosophical category, which has been philosopher’s attention and point of contention. The alienation theory is one important content of the theory of Marxism, he is absorbed in the basis of previous thoughts, creative puts forward his own alienation theory. This paper mainly through to re-examine Marx's theory of alienation, discusses the theoretical sources and its stages, and analyses the alienation of Marx labor theory, and selected the western Marxist several typical representative character: Herbert Marcuse, Georg Lukács, Henry Lefebvre, Erich Fromm. They thought about alienation to be introduced. This as the theoretical basis, and to analyze modern people in between people and things, the person between nature, people between the dissimilation of the show, and further analyzed the contemporary China in economic, political and cultural fields of some existing alienation, discusses the necessity of existence and historical phenomenon. Finally, based on this, this paper discusses the significance of Marx's theory of alienation, namely the overall development of human oriented functions and for the construction of socialist harmonious society to promote effect and reveal the theory of Marx alienation time significance. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Pan T1 - Erich Fromm's Escape from Freedom Psychological Mechanism [浅析弗洛姆的逃避自由心理机制] N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆是法兰克福学派的代表人,他既是弗洛伊德的学生,也是马克思的信徒,但不是二人纯粹的信仰者。弗洛姆反对弗洛伊德的一些观点,同时还试图用心理学来补充马克思主义,力图将这两大思想体系调和起来,因而在思想上对二者既有所继承又有所发展。弗洛姆在分析人类>逃避自由<时,结合了弗洛伊德的精神分析观念和马克思主义的社会视角,在揭示人类精神生存困境的同时又对现代社会进行了批判。 N2 - Erich Fromm is representative of the Frankfurt School, he is a student of Freud, Marx also a believer, but not two pure believers. Freud Fromm oppose some of the points, but also tried to use psychology to supplement Marxism, trying to reconcile these two ideologies, thus ideologically on both inherited both have developed. Fromm in the analysis of human >Escape from Freedom<, a combination of Freud's psychoanalytic ideas of Marxism and social perspective, the survival of the human spirit in revealing the plight of modern society at the same time criticized. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Xiang T1 - Escape from Freedom of Evelyne – James Joyce's >Eveline< Interpretation According to Fromm [逃避自由的伊芙琳——詹姆斯•乔伊斯的《伊芙琳》之弗洛姆式解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Yalujiang Literature Monthly (The Second Half of the Month) [鸭绿江(下半月版)], No. 2 (2014), pp. 3-4. N2 - 本文从弗洛姆的自由观来深度解读伊芙琳行为及心理上的变化历程,从精神分析层面揭示了她放弃与弗兰克私奔的原因之所在。即主人公追求自由但不能够直面随着而来的孤独和恐惧,为了生存最终只能放弃个体自我,竭力逃避自由。 N2 - To interpret this paper Evelyne's behavior and psychological changes in the course of Fromm's concept of freedom from the depth, from the spiritual level of analysis reveals that she eloped with Frank abandon reason lies. Namely, the pursuit of freedom, but the hero can not come face with loneliness and fear, only to give up in order to survive the final individual self, trying to escape from freedom. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yian T1 - An Exploration of Janie's Way of Life in >Their Eyes Were Watching God<, [他们眼望上苍》中珍妮的生存方式探究] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Anhui Literature (Second Half) [安徽文学(下半月)], No. 7 (2013), pp. 100-102. N2 - 20世纪著名的非裔美籍作家佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿在其代表作《他们眼望上苍》中成功塑造了挣脱传统习俗束缚,勇敢追求幸福,实现自我的黑人女性形象。不同于当时流行的抗议文学,赫斯顿的作品描述了生活充实的黑人的爱情、忠诚、欢乐、幽默,以及他们对生活的肯定态度,也反映了生活中必然存在的不幸和悲剧。揭开《他们眼望上苍》的黑人面纱,在普遍的人的世界的关照下,探究其生存方式,对于全面深入理解文本具有新的意义。 N2 - In her masterpiece, >Their Eyes Were Watching God<, Zora Neale Hurston Zora Neale Hurston, the famous African-American writer of the 20th century, successfully portrayed black women who broke free from the shackles of convention and bravely pursued happiness and self-realization. Unlike the popular protest literature of the time, Hurston's works portray the love, loyalty, joy, humor and life-affirming attitudes of black people who have lived life to the full, and reflect the misfortunes and tragedies that are inevitable in life. Lifting the veil of blackness from >Their Eyes Were Watching God< and exploring their way of life in the light of the universal human world has new significance for a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the text. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yong-gang T1 - Call for Love – Commetns on Doris Lessing’s >Fifth Child< and >Ukiyo Marginal Man< Using Fromm’s Theory of Love [爱的呼唤——以弗洛姆爱的理论评多丽丝.莱辛《第五个孩子》和《浮世畸零人》] [application of Fromm's theories to art]. JF - Literature Education (Middle) [文学教育(中)], No 12 (2013), pp. 6-7. N2 - [多丽丝•莱辛是当代最重要的英国作家之一。她写的作品涵盖了20世纪的许多社会焦点问题。《第五个孩子》及续集《浮世畸零人》就是她探讨社会问题的一部重要作品。本文将用弗洛姆爱的理论来探讨和分析作者创作这两部作品的内涵和意义。] N2 - Doris Lessing is one of Britain's most important contemporary writers. She wrote a number of works covering social focus of the 20th century. >The Fifth Child< and the sequel >Ukiyo Marginal Man< is her explore social issues an important work. This article will use the theory Fromm love to explore and analyze the meaning and significance of the creation of these two works. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yun T1 - Sports Appeal in Sound Society: Based on the Social Function of Sports in Fromm’s Social Philosophy [健全社会的体育诉求:基于弗洛姆社会哲学的体育社会功能探究] JF - Journal of Chengdu Sport University [成都体育学院学报], No. 11 (2013), pp. 21-25. N2 - 弗洛姆社会哲学思想的观照下,对其所提出的健全社会这一核心理念进行了深入的剖析,并在此基础上对体育的社会功能进行了与之相应的解读与探究。研究认为,健全社会理念下的体育,有着身体的唤醒与自我的体验、他者的互动与社会的建构、主体的显现与创造的生成等社会功能。与此同时,体育社会功能之于健全社会而言,有着不可替代的价值特殊性,是健全社会得以构建的一种本质诉求。 N2 - According to Fromm’s social philosophy, the paper analyzes his core theory of sound society and explores the corresponding social function of sports, believing that sports in sound society is equipped with the functions of awakening the body and self experiencing, interacting with others and constructing society, demonstrating subjectively and generating creations. Meanwhile, sports social function is irreplaceable in sound society, which is the essential appeal for the construction of a sound society. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zheng T1 - A Study on Translation of the Words in Sanqu of the Yuan Dynasty from the Perspective of Philosophy [哲学视野下的元散曲词汇英译研究], Master thesis, Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 2013. N2 - 元散曲词汇记载着元代独特的社会生活风貌,反映了元代的时代精神。它兼有通俗诙谐与绮丽典雅的双面取向,正是这两种取向的紧密结合使得元散曲形成了别具一格、雅俗共赏的风格。作为跨文化交际的翻译活动,应该紧紧围绕元散曲的这种语言态势来展开。本文以许渊冲英译的《元曲三百首》为蓝本,比照国内外其他八位译者的元散曲翻译成果,选取38个元散曲词汇,依据其翻译中的难点,对其进行较为系统的归类与分析,并提出初步的翻译策略。在寻求解决元散曲词汇对翻译造成的困难的方案时,以三大哲学传统对翻译的启示,对元散曲进行了相关考察及批评,论文即因此分为三章。本文认为,翻译的过程实为意义的转换过程,是一个受诸多因素影响的、开放性的复杂过程。第一章结合伽达默尔的视域融合概念,对元散曲中的普通名词、文学意象以及俚语俗词的英译进行探讨,并进而指出,对于这种双语系统中能够对应上的词汇类别,译文的视域应该尽量向原文作者的初始视域靠近,实现理想的视域融合;第二章将解构主义对翻译的启示运用到模糊延异性词汇—叠词、隐喻修辞以及古今异义词的英译中,解构主义在翻译实践中的指导性受到怀疑,但是本文认为,对于上述三种极具模糊、延异性词汇的英译,运用解构主义倒是可以完成较好的阅读、理解和分析,我们鼓励译者发挥主观能动性与积极创造性,在译文中发出自己的、不同于作者的声音,从而实现译文与原文的>共生<。第三章则从弗洛姆的>社会过滤器<概念出发,追踪元散曲中的专有名词、译语空缺词汇及非等值词汇的英译,指出,对于在双语系统词汇意义转换中有冲突和矛盾的词汇,译者首先应该突破母语中所设置的>社会过滤器<对于自己的抑制,创造出原味十足的译文,如此译文,才有可能让读者也解除>社会过滤器<对自身的抑制,从而理解到独具汉民族风味的元散曲。笔者希望依据哲学的三大传统体现元散曲词汇的语言特点及差异,引发专家学者对于构建哲学视野中的元散曲词汇英译体系的关注。 N2 - The words in sanqu kept a good record of the unique social life in the Yuan Dynasty , and also reflected the spirit of the time. The words have humorous and refined attributes, and the combination of the two elements formed a peculiar and popular style of sanqu. As cross-cultural communication, the translation of sanqu should be implemented on the basis of the style. This paper regards the >300 Yuan Songs< translated by Xu Yuanzhong as the chief source, and compares it with other sanqu translation achieve-ments by eight translators domestic and overseas. 38 Yuan sanqu words are selected in the thesis, on the basis of the difficulty in translation, the thesis divides the words into systematic classifications and analyzes them one by one, lastly, the preliminary translation strategy is put forward in each section. In the process of solving difficult points in sanqu translation, the author is inspired by the three philosophical traditions, and accordingly, the thesis is divided into three chapters. - G252This thesis holds that translation is the process of the rendition of the meaning, which is influenced by many factors. Combining Gadamer’s concept about >fusion of horizons<, the first chapter discusses the translation of the common nouns, literary image and popular slangs, and then points out that, for the kind of words which have corresponding words in bilingual systems, the translator should try to make his horizon close to the author’s initial horizon, so as to realize the ideal fusion of horizons.– Inspired by the theory of the deconstruction, the author talks about the translation of fuzzy and different words in the second chapter. Fuzzy and different words are here reduplicated words, metaphor rhetoric, and ancient and modern homonyms. In general, the instructive role that deconstruction played in translation practice is suspected, but this thesis argues that, for the translation of the above three highly fuzzy and different words, the theory of deconstruction can help the translator render the words, the translator is encouraged to develop his full subjectivity and creativity, the voice different from the author’s voice should also be allowed in the translation, so as to realize the >symbiosis< between the translated text and the original text.– Developing from Fromm’s concept of >social filter<, the third chapter traces the translation of proper nouns, gap words in the target language and the nonequivalent words. It pointed out that, for the translation of the words which have some conflicts in bilingual systems, the translator should break through the >social filter< set by his native language, so as to finish the original translation. And only with this kind of translation, can the readers remove the >social filter< in the text, and then understand the racy sanqu. - The author hopes that, according to the three major traditions of the philosophy, the characteristics and differences of sanqu’s language can be reflected, and thus, make the experts and scholars aware of the construction of the translation of the words from sanqu in the Yuan dynasty from the perspective of philosophy. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zhiping T1 - The Exploration of Liberation Theory of Freudian Marxism – Centered on Marcuse [>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<>解放<理论探析], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2012. N2 - 作为西方马克思主义的主要流派之一,>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<是于20世纪二三十年代出现并于五六十年代得以发展。这一理论思想是声称要把马克思主义与弗洛伊德的精神分析学说>综合<起来,而实际是一种用精神分析学>改铸<马克思主义的非马克思主义思潮。任何一种成熟的社会理论都必然关注人的解放问题,并把解放作为自己理论的历史使命。准确把握一个特定的社会理论或者社会思潮的>解放<理论,自然也就成为一种最有益的尝试。因此,本文主要是以马尔库塞为中心,系统地梳理>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的解放理论,全文共分为四个部分:第一部分为引言。简单介绍本文选题研究的理论意义和现实意义,当前理论界对该选题的的研究现状,并简要阐述>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的理论渊源及其基本观点,进而勾勒出笔者研究的基本逻辑思路。第二部分主要考察>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<>解放<理论的基本语境。本章以赖希、弗洛姆为线索人物,引出弗洛伊德的早期意识与无意识理论与马克思主义的社会结构理论综合在一起,得出了社会无意识概念的理论轨迹。在此基础上,以>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<这一思想体系中最具代表性的人物马尔库塞为中心,以他的《爱欲与文明》一书为主线,对马尔库塞解放理论形成的个人经历、社会背景,以及其理论渊源作系统阐释。>弗洛伊德主义<与马克思早期的>人本主义学说<相结合,构建了一种对于>现代工业社会<的新的批判理论,并进一步论述了>现代工业社会<对于人的>爱欲<的>压抑<,并提出了>人的解放<本质上是>爱欲<的解放的理论观点。同时马尔库塞的这一>解放<概念还包含着对于实现人的解放和社会解放的>新道路<的探索。他通过揭示>爱欲<解放的依据并实际地把人摆脱>压抑<和扬弃>异化<而发挥>潜能<实现>爱欲<的过程看作了人的解放过程。第三部分主要是对马尔库塞解放理论的核心内容进行梳理。首先考察马尔库塞对当代资本主义社会的批判确立其解放的依据,马尔库塞认为,由于资本主义社会的>额外压抑<,人类要想获得解放就必须实现>爱欲<解放。其次,马尔库塞认为要想消除各种导致人们>额外压抑<的异化,从本能上释放自由,就必须赋予一种革命主体,马尔库塞在寻求革命主体的时候则经历了无产阶级—新左派—艺术家这一过程。最后,由于马尔库塞对解放的目标与革命的动因与主体都做出了新的解释,因而,马尔库塞对解放的路径也提出了新的看法,马尔库塞从经济、政治、文化、意识形态、艺术等各个方面出发,提出了社会主义革命道路应该选择>第三条道路<,即非暴力的反抗,也就是进行>伟大的拒绝<。第四部分立足于马克思解放理论对马尔库塞>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<解放理论进行评论。首先,本文认为这一解放理论有两个显著的特点:一是对当代资本主义的批判与透视,二是对所尝试>西方思潮<与>马克思主义<进行的结合有一定的帮助和启示。其次,在马克思主义看来,马尔库塞>弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义<的解放理论带有显著的局限性,表现在:其哲学根基有着根本差异、>解放<理论的现实路径上也大异其趣。 N2 - As one of the main schools of Western Marxism, >Freudian Marxism doctrine< appeared in 1920s and1930, and got into full swing in1950s and1960s. This theory claims to integrate Marx’s theory with Freud's psychoanalysis theory, but actually it is non-Marxism thought which use psychoanalysis to >recast< Marxism. Any kind of mature social theory must pay close attention to people's liberation and regard liberation as the historical mission of his theory. It will naturally become a beneficial attempt to have an accurate grasp of >liberation< theory of a certain social theory or social trend of thought. Therefore, this paper, center around Marcuse, is to systematically tease Freudian Marxism liberation theory. - G253The paper will fall into four parts: The first part is introduction and will briefly introduce the theoretical and practical significance of the research and how far has this research been conducted at present, briefly describing the Theoretical Origin of Freudian Marxism theory and its basic points, and then outlines the author's basic logic thinking of study. The second part mainly focuses on the basic context of Freudian Marxism's liberation theory. This chapter takes Lai, Fromm as the clue character and lead to Freud's early consciousness and unconsciousness theory and Marxism general theory. And then, centers around Marcuse, the most representative figure in Freudian Marxism and take his book Eros and civilization as the main line to elaborate the personal experiences, social background, as well as its theory origin of the formation of Marcuse's liberation theory. The combination of >Freudianism< with Marx's early humanism theory builds a new critical theory of the modern industrial society. And elaborates the >repression< of modern industrial society on the >Eros<, and proposes the theory that human liberation is in essence >Eros< liberation. At the same time, Marcuse's >liberation< concept also includes the realization of human liberation and social liberation >new road< exploration. He reveals the >Eros< liberation and the basis actual put people out of >depression< and develop the useful and discard the useless >alienation< and play a >potential< implementation >Eros< process as the course of man's emancipation. The third part is mainly to tease the core content of liberation theory of Marcuse's Freudian Marxism. Firstly it examines Marcuse's social critique of the contemporary capitalist society and its liberation basis. Marcuse believes that due to the >additional depression< of capitalist society, human beings must realize >Eros< liberation if they want to liberate themselves. Secondly, Marcuse believes it if we want to eliminate alienations which lead to people's additional depression and to release instinct freedom, we must find a revolutionary body Marcuse in seeking revolutionary body when experienced the proletariat-New Left-artists of this process. Finally, by Marcuse on emancipatory goals and motivation of revolution and the main body have made a new interpretation, therefore, Marcuse on the emancipation path also offered new view, from the economy, politics, culture, Marcuse, ideology, art and other aspects set out, put forward the socialist revolution road should choose >the third road<, non violent resistance, is the >great refusal<. The fourth part, based on Marxism liberation theory, give a comment on liberation theory of Marcuse's Freudian Marxism. First of all, the paper holds that the liberation theory has two notable features: a critique of contemporary capitalism and perspective and to try to >Western genre< and >the Marx doctrine< was combined with some help and enlightenment. Secondly, it seems to Marxism that Marcuse's Freudian Marxism liberation theory has obvious limitations, for example: its philosophy basis has a fundamental difference, the realistic path of its liberation theory is quite different. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Dongmei T1 - Consumer Issues among Students in Fromm's View of Consumer Alienation 于弗洛姆消费异化视角的大学生消费问题探析] JF - Journal of Yangzhou University (Higher Education Study Edition) [扬州大学学报(高教研究版)], No. 2 (2015), pp. 84-87. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》一书中,从获取物品、使用物品及消费物品三个方面系统论述了消费异化,进而提出要建立>人道主义的公有社会制<和树立>人道、健康的消费<以扬弃消费异化。弗洛姆的消费异化理论是针对西方资本主义社会病态消费而产生的,但他关注的异化消费现象在我国当代大学生中也广泛存在。当代大学生作为一个特殊的消费群体,也存在着人情消费过多、炫耀性消费、盲目消费、奢侈消费等消费异化问题。要解决这一问题,需从大学生个人、家庭、学校、社会和政府五个方面形成合力,以指导大学生消费向理性、健康方向发展。 N2 - Fromm in >healthy society<, a book, from obtaining items, use items and consumer goods discusses three aspects of the system of consumer alienation, and then proposed to establish a >humanitarian public social system< and to establish >humane, healthy consumption< to abandon the consumer alienation. Fromm's theory of alienation consumption for Western capitalist social ills arising from consumption, but he was concerned about the alienation of contemporary college students consumption phenomenon is also widespread. College Students as a special consumer groups, there are too many human consumption, conspicuous consumption, mindless consumption, luxury consumption and other consumer alienation. To solve this problem, you need individual students, families, schools, society and government together to form a five to guide college students to rational consumption, healthy direction. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Guangjin A1 - Chen, Zhaoyang T1 - The Love Concept of College Students from a Survey [从一个调查看大学生的爱情观] JF - Popular Psychology [大众心理学, ] No. 8 ( 2015 (08), pp. 40-41. N2 - 随着经济和社会的发展,我们经常能在网络和现实生活中看到这样的场景:在爱情中,你爱我就必须服从我;爱情就像游戏,玩完这局还有下一局在等着。这些凸显了现代社会中一部分人对爱情的本质缺乏正确的认识。一般情况下,爱情是进入婚姻殿堂的必经之路,以爱情为基础的婚姻往往会是幸福的。那么,作为常被人讨论和关注的爱情到底是什么呢?对于这个问题,众说纷纭。早在1970年罗宾认为:爱情是个体对待特定他人持有的一种态度,包括更加思念对方,希望和对方身体接触,以及特定的行为举止,它有3种成份,即亲密依赖需求,帮助倾向,排他性和占有性倾 N2 - With the development of economy and society, we often see such a scene in the network and in real life: in love, you love me you must obey me; love is like the game comes to an end This bureau also waiting for the next round. These highlight some of the people in modern society the nature of the lack of proper understanding of love. Under normal circumstances, love is the only way to enter the marriage, based on love marriages tend to be happy. So, talking about love in the end, as people often what is it? For this problem, different opinions. As early as 1970 Robin said: Love is an attitude held by a particular individual to treat others, including more miss each other, hope and other physical contact, as well as specific behavior, it has three kinds of ingredients, namely close dependence needs help tendencies, exclusivity and possession of dumping. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ni, Yang A1 - Ji, Yan T1 - Chinese Consumer Alienation at the Crossing Point of Marx and Freud [站在马克思和弗洛伊德的交叉点上看中国的消费异化问题] JF - Journal of Language and Literature Studies [语文学刊], No. 22 (2007), pp. 76-79. N2 - 弗洛姆作为努力尝试着把马克思主义与弗洛伊德的精神分析学说结合起来的代表,他创建了社会性格和社会潜意识理论。弗洛姆把他的理论用于剖析人的异化问题尤其是消费异化问题,这对我们看待中国当今社会的消费异化有着积极的指导意义。 N2 - Fromm as efforts to try to put the theory of Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis to combine representative, he created a social character and social theory of the subconscious. Fromm put his theory to the analysis of human alienation, especially consumer alienation, which we view China's consumer alienation in today's society has a positive significance. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - An, Yang T1 - Fromm's Outlook on Life and Its Contemporary Value 弗洛姆的生存观及其当代价值 JF - The Fortune Times 智富时代, No. 2 (2018), p. 103. N2 - 弗洛姆作为法兰克福学派的主要代表人物之一,他的生存观对马克思主义的异化理论和人本主义理论有着很大程度的借鉴和发展。弗洛姆的生存理论不仅在当时有价值,在日益发展的今天仍然具有很强的现实意义。 N2 - Fromm is one of the main representatives of the Frankfurt School. His concept of existence has a great deal of reference and development to Marxist alienation theory and humanism theory. Fromm's survival theory was not only valuable at the time, but still has a strong practical significance in today's growing development. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yang T1 - Women on the Way Towards Freedom – Female Images in Doris Lessing’s Collection >A Man and Two Women< [自由之路上的女性—多丽丝•莱辛《一个男人和两个女人》中的女性形象研究], Master thesis, Foreign Language and Literature, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 多丽丝•莱辛作为一名极富责任感的作家, 非常关注女性生存状态和她们的命运。她的作品中女性形象众多, 本文旨在关注莱辛在她的短篇小说集《一个男人和两个女人》中的五位典型女性形象。尽管身处不同的处境, 她们都有个共通之处, 即不停止对个人身份以及自由的追寻。>十九号房<中的苏珊为了实现她对自由的渴求最终不得已自杀。>弃心记<中的>我<在目睹了车站上遇见的另一个>我<而后放弃了对男性的情感依赖, 伴随着自我意识的觉醒, >我<最终获得了幸福和自由的情感体验。>老妇与猫<中的贝蒂在当局的压迫下不得不过上四处漂流居无定所的生活却也不失自由随性。>屋顶丽人<中的裸体女主人公则勇敢的与父权主导的社会相对抗, 对来自代表父权制思想的三位男子的骚扰视而不见。她的反抗沉默而有力。>吾友茱蒂丝<中的茱蒂丝是一位彻底的自由女性, 她有着自己的思想和主见。不同于传统女性的生活方式, 她尊重自己的想法按照自己内心的意愿生活, 是莱辛笔下自由女性的代表。通过关注这些女性的生存状态和心路历程, 我们可以看到她们在以各自不同的方式演绎着对自由的追求, 她们这种对自由幸福的追求势必会鼓舞众多女性更加独立自由的活着, 为现代社会女性提供一定程度的借鉴。本文旨在通过分析莱辛短篇小说《一个男人和两个女人》中这五位典型女性对自由追求的不同路径结合弗洛姆对积极自由和消极自由的思考探索现代社会中女性获得自由、实现自我独立人格和人生价值的出路。在弗洛姆看来, 消极自由的实现是对摆脱外界束缚和对外力的依赖而获得的情感体验, 这种自由会让人们更容易陷入孤立。与之相对应的积极自由则是建立在消极自由基础上的一种更高层次的自由, 可以促使人们通过自发性的活动来发挥自我潜能。女性可以通过勇敢的爱别人, 从事有意义的工作并主动融入社会来健全自我的人格、全面发展自己从而获得积极自由。她们对积极自由的追求有益于构建起对自我及社会的认知、发展更健全的人格从而实现与社会与他人的和谐。 N2 - Lessing as a responsible novelist concerns for female living conditions and their fate a lot. There are various types of female images in her works. This thesis aims to analyze five typical female images in her anthology >A Man and Two Women<. Though living in different situations, a common feature of these female images is their struggling for individuality and freedom. Susan in >To Room Nineteen< pursues freedom so hard that she ends her life in the end. >I< in >How I Finally Lost My Heart< abandons my habit of relying on males spiritually, finally obtaining sense of happiness and freedom along with my awakening self-consciousness. Betty in >The Old Woman and the Cat< lives an unsettled life under the pressure of the authority but with her independent and free character. The heroine in >The Woman on a Roof< rebels mutedly but powerfully against the challenge from a male-dominated discourse which is represented by three men of different ages. Judith in >Our Friend Judith< is independent and free from head to toe. Having her own ideas, she does not live a life like many other traditional women do. She follows her heart and lives a free life by virtue of her view of life. She is a representative of free women. Through observing these women’s living condition and their psychological state, we can clearly see their process of seeking individuality in various ways. Their pursuit of individuality and freedom could enlighten and inspire modern women in the world to live freer and happier. This thesis aims to explore ways for women to gain freedom, perfect their independent personalities and achieve life value based on Erich Fromm’s ideology of negative and positive freedom by studying female images seeking freedom constantly in a male-dominated society in Lessing’s collection >A Man and Two Women<. The acquirement of negative freedom is through getting rid of outer bondages, but it could make people feel lonelier. Positive freedom is based on the acquirement of negative freedom, which promotes people to develop their potentials through spontaneous activities. Positive freedom is the center of achieving true freedom. Modern women could develop their personalities and further gain positive freedom by loving others, performing creative work and integrating into the society. The pursuit of positive freedom can help women construct their life value and live with others together in harmony. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Yang T1 - Analysis of Love from the Perspective of Ethics [伦理学视角下分析爱], JF - Masterpieces Review [名作欣赏], No. 8 (2017), pp. 97-98. N2 - 什么是真正的爱似乎每个人都有自己的看法,本文从伦理学角度出发,结合相关文学作品分析什么是真正的爱,爱与喜欢,爱的本质,什么样的例子不算是爱。从这三点出发,最后得出结论爱是付出、是给予,而我们在理解了什么是真正的爱以后要学着去爱。 N2 - What is true love seems everyone has their own views, this article from the ethical point of view, combined with related literary works analysis of what is real love, love and love, the nature of love, what kind of example is not Be love. From these three points, we conclude that love is giving, giving, and we learn to love after we understand what is true love. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Bo T1 - Alienation and Salvation – A Study on Fromm’s Educational Theory [异化与拯救——弗洛姆教育思想研究], Master thesis, Comparative Pedgogy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 2010. N2 - Erich Fromm, a most important figure in Western thinking public, proposed that in the capitalist society where social and human are double aliened. And Fromm has ever shown great concern with education. In his view, education is also aliened. The discussion of theory on education alienation can be found almost everywhere in his famous books which include the missing of freedom, love and creativity. For the alienation theory, Fromm considered that the capitalist society and the people have the need of reform in order to achieve salvation. And he believed that the >new man< needs educational reform, therefore, education played an important role in the salvation which became the new access and the only way to a sane society. This study includes four chapters.– The first chapter outlines the ideological source of Fromm and the current status of research.– Chapter 2 focuses on Fromm’s theory of education which discussed from three aspects, social alienation, human alienation, alienation of education.– Chapter 3 focuses on the theory of Fromm about the salvation of education. Educational reform should based on the reform of society to achieve the new man and the sane society.– In chapter 4, based on Fromm’s educational theory, contact with the development trend of education reform in current world, Fromm’s theories of survival of education, liberal education, love of education and creative education have significance and the great inspiration to today’s education reform of our country. [Author’s translation] N2 - 弗洛姆作为西方思想界的一个重要人物,提出了资本主义社会中社会和人的双重异化理论。同时,弗洛姆对于教育也表现出了极大的关心,在他看来,教育同样出现了异化。弗洛姆关于教育异化思想的论述渗透在其名著中,主要体现在自由、爱和创造性三个方面的缺失。针对异化,弗洛姆认为资本主义的社会和人都需要进行改革,才能实现拯救,教育在其中发挥着重要的作用,教育也就成为通往健全社会和新人的必由之路。本文分为四章:第一章概括介绍弗洛姆思想的来源以及当前的研究现状。第二章主要介绍弗洛姆的教育思想,分别从社会的异化、人的异化、教育的异化三个方面展开论述。第三章主要介绍弗洛姆关于教育异化的拯救思想。在社会改革的基础上进行教育的改革,实现新人和健全的社会。第四章在通过对弗洛姆教育思想研究总结的基础上,联系当前世界教育改革的发展趋势,可以得出其关于生存教育、自由教育、爱的教育以及创造性教育思想的现实意义和对我国教育改革的启示。 Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Bohai T1 - The Possibility to Choose Freedom – Modern Spirit of a Philosophical Problem [自由选择何以可能 - 现代人精神问题的一种哲学寻求], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2011. N2 - The new findings, the physical universe Odd though it sounds, substances are far away from the earth. The Entropy irreversible told us that the universe will eventually collapse British physicist Stephen Hawking facing environmental pollution Your s tendencies to think that much cleverer than it was one thousand years in the next 200 years could perish Natural disasters occurred frequently in 2010, according to statistics have 30 million people died from natural disasters. Various facts seems to be shown to us what, earth how? Once concern about the event, those foxconn employees jumped 80/90 of young man how they 14 even jump seems to be telling us, saying, how? Entropy worldview tells us that man alive is meaningless, the universe is ultimately towards eternal silence, the destiny of man is death. Human civilization will eventually destroyed. So we all the hard work was in vain, are bubble, are self-deceiving just. If we only by the individual's survival as value whether the judgment standard that is wrong. Human existence is the creation of the universe, the essence of man was created. People can't change die facts, also cannot change life. The significance of man lies in the creation of life activities. Each human being is different, but after entering society became the same person, this is how sad thing. Personality is the essence of the universe forever, the human has not been in other known planet found signs of life. Man is a character creation of the universe. Personality is the nature of the life, the home that did not individualize life has no life. People can't escape the personality, most only can deceive others, deceive not inner needs. Society at a certain extent suppresses the person's personality, the person's personality thought latent up became unconscious. We know the person's behavior is conscious behavior, when the behavior of people cannot reflect individual character, can only say that he's freedom may exist on his subconscious. Subconscious question is a complex problem. Freud to subconscious makes a thorough analysis, he thinks the subconscious is individual early sex oppression and traumatic memories. Jung proposed the collective unconscious theory. Fromm's speak social unconsciousness. They from different aspects elaborated subconscious and its influence on the individual. Modern industrial society brought prosperity is unprecedented, it seems that we also see the wonderful world of the future. But we cannot ignore the truth is the earth pollution, the consequences of mountain glaciers, large quantities of animal extinct. We asked again next victim who is it? The end result is human destruction. Death is inevitable, but suicide really can stop. Human suicide behavior from their way of life. The improvement of living standards brings many do not reduce needs, and the needs of the foundation is from natural resources supply. Earth's resources are limited and when one day these resources exhausted, humans do? Humans will not perish in the earth before perish. Human suicidal behavior from multiple individuals of suicides. Pursuing perfection is the person's ideal, but as people itself is not perfect, birth and death cannot be changed regularly. Nietzsche announced that god of death facts, humans have no religious beliefs, no spiritual home, they will be transferred to the survival significance on the body, the pursuit of physical stimulation became value pursuit. Sexual open independences is the AIDS epidemic, individual die from simple physical enjoyment. Modern society cannot avoid being human dissimilation, alienation brings a false sense of satisfaction. Those so-called work happiness is the product of the individual being deceived. Individual freedom is need spare time guarantee. Marx picture for us the communist society, morning, noon, afternoon fishing work painting. Actually mean people out of work the leisure time to develop their own other aspects of potential. Modern society than front is progressive, i.e. the leisure time should be longer. When British workers to push for eight hours of workday chartism today, at its results still retained. But some enterprise workers could not every day to do only eight hours of work. Consider the factory workers is free? It is character? Facing these problems, the paper made his own understanding, in order to solve these problems made philosophical thinking. N2 - 宇宙物理的新的发现,宇宙物质正在远离地球。熵的不可逆性告诉我们宇宙最终会坍缩。英国物理学家霍金面对环境污染悲观认为人类在200年后就可能灭亡。2010年自然灾害频繁发生,据统计有30万人死于自然灾害。种种的事实似乎在向我们说明着什么,地球怎么了?曾经一度引起人们关注的富士康员工跳楼事件,那些80、90的年轻人怎么了,他们14连跳,似乎在向我们说,人怎么了?熵的世界观告诉我们,人活着是没有意义的,宇宙最终是走向永恒的沉寂,人的命运只有死亡。人类的文明最终会毁灭。这样看来我们的所有的努力都是白费,都是泡影,只是自欺欺人而已。如果我们只是以个体的是否生存作为价值的判断标准那就错了。人的存在是宇宙的创造,人的本质是创造。人不能改变要死的事实,同样也不能改变生。人的意义在于生命活动的创造。每个人生来都是不同的,但是进入社会后却成了相同的人,这是多么悲哀的事情。个性是宇宙永恒的本质,人类至今没有在其他已知的星球发现生命的迹象。人就是宇宙的一种个性创造。个性就是人的生命本质,没有个性的生命没有生命。人不能逃避个性,最多只能欺骗别人,欺骗不了自己的内心需要。社会在一定程度上压抑了人的个性,人的个性的思想潜伏起来成为了潜意识。我们知道人的行为是有意识的行为,当人的行为不能体现个性的时候,只能说他的自由的可能存在于他的潜意识里。潜意识的问题是一个复杂的问题。弗洛伊德对潜意识作了深入的分析,他认为潜意识是个体早年的性压抑和创伤记忆。荣格提出了集体无意识的理论。弗洛姆讲社会无意识。他们从不同的方面来阐述潜意识及其对个人的影响。现代工业社会带来的繁荣是空前的,我们似乎也看到了未来的美好世界。但是我们不能忽视的真相是地球污染导致的后果,冰山融化,大批的动物灭绝。我们再问下个受害者是谁?最终的结果是人类的灭亡。死亡是不可逃避的,但自杀确实可以阻止的。人类的自杀式行为来自于他们的生活方式。生活水平的提高带来的是许多的不可降低的需要,而这些需要的基础是来自于自然资源的供给。地球的资源是有限的,当有一天这些资源耗尽时,人类该怎么办?人类会在地球未灭亡之前灭亡。人类的自杀行为来自于多个个体的自杀行为。追求完美是人的理想,但是作为人本身就不是完美的,生老病死是无法改变的规律。尼采宣布上帝死亡的事实,人类没有的宗教的信仰,没有了精神的家园,他们将生存的意义转移到了身体上,追求肉体的刺激成了价值的追求。性开放的恶果是艾滋病流行,个体死于单纯的肉体享受。现代社会不可避免是人的异化,异化带来的是虚假的满足。那些所谓的工作快乐是个体受欺骗的产物。个体的自由是需要闲暇时间的保证的。马克思为我们描绘的共产主义社会里,早上钓鱼,中午工作,下午画画。实际上是说人在工作之余有闲时间发展自己其他方面的潜能。现代社会比起前边是进步的,也就是说这种闲暇时间是应该更长的。当年英国工人争取8小时工作日的宪章运动,在今天它的成果仍然保留着。但是有些企业工人不可能每天只做8小时的工。想一想这样的工厂里的工人是自由的吗?是个性的吗?面对这些问题,本文做了自己的理解,为解决这些问题做了哲学上的思考。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Chengzhou T1 - From Escape of Freedom to Genuine Freedom – Probe into Fromm's Theory of Personality Structure [从逃避自由到真正的自由——弗洛姆的性格结构理论初探] JF - Journal of Anhui University of Technology (Social Sciences) [ 安徽工业大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 4 (2012), pp. 44-45. N2 - Fromm, from the perspective of history of capitalist development, believes that pursuit of personal freedom and emancipation promotes capitalist development, while the developed capitalism makes people lonely and fear. In order to get rid of the sense of fear, they choose to escape from freedom. To achieve genuine freedom, people should establish perfect character. The construction of socialist ethics should guide them to cultivate positive productive character, and promote the coordinate and harmonious development between human beings and society. N2 - 弗洛姆从资本主义的发展历史看到,追求个性自由和解放促进了资本主义的发展,而发展了的资本主义又使人产生了孤独和焦虑感,人们为了摆脱这种焦虑感最终选择了逃避自由。人要真正获得自由就必须建立完善的性格。社会主义道德建设应引导人们积极培养生产性性格,从而促进人与社会协调、和谐发展。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Cunhua T1 - An Analysis of Fromm's Concept of Freedom [弗洛姆的自由观探析], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2007. N2 - Freedom is the theme that people have been trying to search after and the object that people have been trying to obtain in old times. However, people have different opinions of freedom. People mainly think that human can obtain the freedom as soon as the external chains vanish, but Erich Fromm had different ideas. He thought there were dual freedom in the world and found a way to the freedom. His thought has important theoretical and realistic meanings. This thesis is mainly composed of four parts as following.– First part aims at introducing social background and ideological origins which Erich Fromm’s freedom ideology produced, and his special experience that affected his freedom ideology. The days that Fromm lived in was former 80 years of last century, in which various social contradictions were sharp .Two times world war, economic crisis and nuclear weapon brought people huge disaster and became large social laboratory including his special experience. All these things formed realistic basis of his freedom ideology. Freud’s psychoanalysis theory, Marx’s historical materialism theory and alienation theory, Zen Buddhism thought exerted great influence to forming Fromm’s freedom ideology.– Fromm’s freedom ideology is discussed in detail in second part. Firstly, the meaning of Fromm’s freedom is simply explained. His freedom has dual meanings: one is active freedom and the other is passive freedom. Active Freedom is a feeling that people want to do and volunteer to do something, passive freedom is a feeling that people get rid of external chains. Logically active freedom includes passive freedom but passive freedom doesn’t include active freedom. Next, the essay carefully analyzes the relation of freedom and alienation, freedom and spontaneous action, freedom and democracy. The passive freedom that all people attain cannot make the soul peace either can get the active freedom. Only the sound people who do things spontaneously can get active freedom.– The aim of third part is mainly to feel and think freedom. Firstly, according to of the turn of the development of society analysis the attitude and situation, that people chase the freedom. Especially, people in modern society has contradictive thought that people chase freedom and are afraid of attaining it. Next, according to grow of person, state the character of freedom in period of psychology. Different period of society and psychology, people have different attitude on freedom. This suggests freedom is existent essence of human. Freedom exists accompanying human existence. The human development history is also the history that people chase freedom. Freedom is different according to different individuation. All in this meaning is passive freedom. Passive freedom only can make people feel lonely and anxiety and escape from freedom. To eliminate this situation, Fromm gave serial social reform measures to build a sound society. Connection this part with second part is that sound people who live in sound society can get the active freedom and reveal humanity.– The fourth part aims at evaluating Fromm’s freedom ideology properly, according to the rule that getting rid of the bad and absorbing the good. Fromm’s dual freedom ideology provides people with new thread that chase freedom. Psychoanalysis of escaping from freedom deepens the understanding of modern society and our national modern construction. The relationship between freedom and spontaneous action has an important meaning. Analysis of psychology and society provides a worthy method for studying history and analysis of individual. Concrete measures on social reform that Fromm put forward have some suggestive meanings for fast developing China. Meanwhile, because of the limit of history and theory, Fromm’s freedom ideology is inevitably idealistic. He could not find a real path leading to freedom. The text gives the recapitulative comment at last. N2 - 自古以来,>自由<就是人们孜孜不倦探索的话题,也是人们努力要实现的目标。然而,在>自由<这个问题上历来就是众说纷纭,各抒己见。人们大都认为只要消除掉外在的束缚就可以获得自由,但弗洛姆却持有不同的看法,提出双重自由观并论述通向真正自由的道路,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文主体共分四个部分:第一部分,阐述弗洛姆自由思想提出的社会理论背景、社会现实背景及其特殊的生活经历对自由思想的影响。弗洛姆生活的年代也就是上个世纪的前八十年,是各种社会矛盾尖锐的时期,两次世界大战、经济危机、核武器等给人们带来巨大的灾难,也成了生活在其中的弗洛姆的>社会观察室<,再加上自己独特的家庭环境和个人经历就形成了弗洛姆自由思想的现实基础。弗洛伊德的精神分析法,马克思的历史唯物主义和异化理论,东方的禅宗思想都对弗洛姆自由思想的形成产生过重大影响。第二部分,在多重关系中对弗洛姆自由观进行横向分析论述。首先对弗洛姆>自由<的内涵作了简单的说明:>自由<具有双重的含义——积极自由和消极自由。积极自由就是>主动的、自愿的做……的感觉<,在人人平等的基础上尊重个性的发展,在个人自我之上没有更高的权力,自我个性的实现是唯一的目的和最高的目标。消极的自由就是指>摆脱……的束缚而获得的感觉<,是人挣脱了外界的障碍、束缚后的无拘无束、自由自在。在逻辑上积极自由包含消极自由,消极自由则不含积极自由的意思。接下来,详细分析自由和异化、自由和自发性活动、自由和民主的关系。说明了全体异化的人们所获得的消极自由无法让内心安宁,也不能达到积极的自由,只有通过自发性的活动塑造健全的人,才可能寻得积极自由。第三部分,阐述弗洛姆在社会发展和人的心路历程中纵向感悟自由的思想。首先,按照社会发展的顺序,分析在各个时代的人们追求自由的情况和对自由的态度。特别说明了在现代社会人们既追求自由又逃避自由的矛盾心理。接下来,按照个人年龄的增长,说明人们心理各阶段的自由特点。通过社会和人心理各个不同阶段对自由的不同反应说明:自由是人存在的本质,自由伴随着人类的存在而存在,一部人类发展史也是一部人类追求自由的历史,自由随着个体化程度的不同而不同,这个意义上都是消极的自由,消极自由只能让人们感到焦虑、孤独,从而逃避自由。为了消除这种状况,弗洛姆提出一系列的社会改革措施以建立健全的社会。这一部分和第二部分的内容结合起来的思想就是:健全的人在健全的社会里生活才能通达积极自由,使人性充分的展现。第四部分,旨在依据>去其糟粕,取其精华<的原则试图对弗洛姆的自由思想做出恰当的评价。弗洛姆的双重自由观为人们追求自由提供了新的思路;逃避自由的心理分析加深了对现代社会和我国现代建设的理解;自由与自发性活动的关系的论述对现代社会有重要的意义;心理和社会相结合的分析为研究历史事件和分析个人情况提供了一个值得借鉴的方法;提出的社会改革的具体措施对于正在阔步前进的中国有一些启发意义。同时,由于历史和理论的限制,弗洛姆的自由观不可避免的带有空想性,没能找到一条真正可以到达自由的道路。文章最后对弗洛姆自由观的局限性作了概括性评述。 Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Chunhua T1 - Freedom and Escape Mechanisms Root Causes – Interpretation of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< [逃避自由的根源及其机制——解读弗洛姆的《逃避自由》] JF - Qinghai Social Sciences [青海社会科学], No. 3 (2008), pp. 144-147. N2 - 弗洛姆认为现代人比历史上任何时候的人都要自由,然而现代人却没有享受到真正的自由,而是逃避自由。这个结果主要由社会和人心理双重压力所致。一方面,现代社会打破了原来的束缚,获得了很大的自由,但这种自由使得人们在现代社会中感到孤独和焦虑;另一方面,逃避孤独、渴望联系是人性中固有的因素,精神孤独和物质缺乏同样令人无法生存。为了克服孤独,人不得不逃避自由。逃避自由的主要机制就是权威主义、破坏欲和机械趋同。 N2 - Fromm modern than any time in history people should be free, however modern man did not enjoy real freedom, but escape from freedom. This result is mainly due to the dual pressures of social and human psychology. The one hand, the modern society to break the shackles of the original, get a lot of freedom, but this freedom makes people feel lonely and anxiety in modern society; on the other hand, to escape loneliness, desire contact factors inherent in human nature, spirit loneliness and lack of substance equally unable to survive. In order to overcome the loneliness, the people had to escape to freedom. The main mechanism of escape from freedom is authoritarian, destruction for mechanical convergence. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Chunhua A1 - Yi, Zhaojun T1 - Fromm's Concept of Freedom Analysis [弗洛姆的自由观评析] JF - Journal of Liaoning Educational Administration Institute [辽宁教育行政学院学报], No. 11 (2006), pp. 23-24. N2 - 弗洛为自由有两种含义,一种是积极的自由,一种是消极的自由。积极的自由就是指自发的做事,消极姆认的自由指的是解脱什么的束缚。弗洛姆从社会发展的角度指出了人类既追求自由又想摆脱自由的矛盾心理,以此分析了法西斯主义产生的心理原因及现代人的心理空虚,这些对现实都有启发意义。 N2 - Fromm Freedom has two meanings, one is positive freedom, a negative freedom. Positive freedom refers to the spontaneous way of doing things, negative freedom is freed of the shackles of what. Fromm pointed out that from the perspective of social development the human both want to get rid of the free pursuit of freedom ambivalence, this analysis of fascism psychological reasons and the modern psychological emptiness, these has inspired sense of reality. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Deping T1 - On Fromm’s Consumer Alienation Theory and Its Contemporary Value [论弗洛姆消费异化理论及其当代价值] JF - The South of China Today [今日南国(中旬刊)], No. 10 (2010), pp. 55-56. N2 - 弗洛姆指出,现代资本主义社会是一个消费异化的社会,从获取物,使用物到消费物都发生了异化,这种不健康的消费方式造成了社会的紧张。他倡导>建立人本主义公有制<和树立>人道、健康的消费行为<作为扬弃消费异化的手段,对于建设和谐社会有其当代价值。 N2 - Fromm pointed out that modern capitalist society is a consumer society of alienation from the material, the use of material to the Consumer alienation, this unhealthy consumption patterns caused social tensions. He advocates >the establishment of public ownership of the humanistic< and establish a >humanitarian, health and consumer behavior< as sublation consumer alienation means its contemporary value for the building of a harmonious society. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Haifeng T1 - The Psychological Mechanism of Escape from Freedom in Modern Society – Interpreting >Escape from Freedom< [现代社会中逃避自由的心理机制——读《逃避自由》] JF - The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute [江苏行政学院学报], No. 1 (2009), pp. 31-37. N2 - Freedom is the core idea in modern thought, but the when people pursuing it, they get in a state of anti¬nomy: the when people to get freedom, they feel deeply lonely and unsafe, and because of this, they escape from freedom, even give up freedom, and this is the base of fascism. By unifying Marx's historical materialism and Freud's psychoanalysis, Fromm reveals people's contradictory mental state when confronted with freedom, and Fromm maintains that the way of getting rid of the mental state is making full use of man’s creativity and approaching positive freedom. [Author’s translation] N2 - 自由是近代以来西方思想中的核心理念,但对自由的追求却陷入一种二律背反之中:人们在获得自由的同时,却又感到深深的孤独和不安,正是这种孤独与不安,使人们逃避自由,甚至放弃自由,这是法西斯主义得以产生的心理学基础。通过结合弗洛伊德的精神分析学与马克思的历史唯物主义,弗洛姆揭示了现代人在面对自由时的这种矛盾心态,指出要摆脱这种矛盾心态,就必须充分发挥人的创造性,走向积极的自由。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Jiale T1 - Kafka’s and Fromm’s Essential Difference of Ego in >Hunger Artist< [试析卡夫卡和弗洛姆之>自我<的本质差异] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Yibin University [宜宾学院学报], No. 4 (2006), pp. 73-75. N2 - The actors in Kafka’s works seem to be weak. So Fromm suggests that they should have more humanism conscience to solve this problem. And the foundation is ego. But Kafka’s works have confirmed that the ego is nothing but the idol made by modem society. It is the truth that humankind is weak. N2 - 卡夫卡作品中的主人公往往表现出虚弱。弗洛姆针对这种虚弱,提出了>人本良心<作为解决方案。但是,人本良心的基石乃是自我,而卡夫卡的作品本身就已经证明了自我不过是现代社会的一种假设,虚无软弱反而是更为真实的生存状态。 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Junyi T1 - Fromm's Social Character and Social Unconscious Theory [弗洛姆的社会性格与社会无意识理论述评] JF - Journal of Liaoning Educational Administration Institute [辽宁教育行政学院学报] , No. 2 (1991), pp. 15-20. N2 - 弗洛姆是法兰克福学派的重要成员,他独具特色的社会批判理论是把弗洛伊德主义和马克思主义综合起来的产物。弗洛姆认为,就比较而言,马克思所思考的深度和广度都远远地超过了弗洛伊德,因为马克思把人道主义、德国哲学和人类的经济生活结合起来,为人和社会的学说,奠定了基础。但是,面对二十世纪,西方社会生活全方位的变化,有关人与社会的研究就不能仅仅满足于描述社会结构的变化,还应该把社会主体自 N2 - Fromm is an important member of the Frankfurt School critical theory of society is his unique Freudianism and Marxism combined product. Fromm believes that the purposes of comparison, the depth and breadth of Marx's thinking are far more than Freud, Marx combined humanitarian, and economic life of German philosophy and human, human and social doctrine, laid the foundation. However, in the face of a full range of changes of the 20th century, western society, about man and society cannot be satisfied merely to describe the change of social structure, should also social subjects since […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 1991 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Li T1 - Love is the Best Salvation – Fromm's Love Analysis Reread [爱是最好的救赎——弗罗姆>爱<的重读与评析] JF - Journal of Changsha Railway University (Social Science) [长沙铁道学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 4 (2011), pp. 62-64. N2 - 弗洛姆爱的理论指出了现代西方社会爱的异化和衰亡;指出了爱是一种能力,是整体人格的展现,是一个人是否拥有成熟的人格的体现;人们需要努力健全自己的人格,培养创造性人格,才有能力去爱,才能发展爱的能力。爱是人类走出生存困境的解决方式,是西方社会问题的救赎之道。弗洛姆对爱的论述是其对当代西方社会进行批判的产物,同时也是他试图综合弗洛伊德和马克思思想的结果。 N2 - Fromm love theory pointed out that the alienation of modern Western society love and decay; pointed out that love is an ability, is the whole personality of the show, whether a person has a mature personality manifestation; people need to work a sound of their own personality, the to cultivate creative personality, have the ability to love, can develop the ability to love. Love is a human out of the survival plight solution, the Western social issues Redemption Road. Fromm discourse on love is a product of its criticism of contemporary Western society, and also the results of the comprehensive Freud and Marx thought he tried. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Lin T1 - What is Love? – Comments on Fromm's >The Art of Loving< [爱是什么——述评弗洛姆《爱的艺术》] JF - Journal of Chongqing University of Technology (Social Science) [重庆理工大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 5 (2007), pp. 83-87. N2 - Fromm holds that love is the answer to the question of the existence of human beings; the essence of love is >giving<; love includes forms of universal love, maternal love, sexual love, self-respect, loving of God, etc, but all love forms include the basic factors of concern, responsibility, respect, understanding, etc. The contemporary western social structure and western culture cause the alienation of western society and the decline and fall of love. Fromm’s theory of love emphasizes on the problem of love from the angle of psychology, having his reasonable factors and progressing significance. N2 - 弗洛姆认为爱是对人类生存问题的回答;爱的本质是>给予<;爱包括博爱、母爱、性爱、自爱、神爱等形式,但所有爱的形式都包含关心、责任心、尊重和了解等基本要素。而当代西方的社会结构和西方文化导致了西方社会爱的异化和爱情衰亡。弗洛姆关于爱的理论着重从心理学的角度去探讨爱的问题,有其合理因素和进步意义。 Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shengping A1 - Li, Jinjuan T1 - A New Exploration of Fromm’s Theory of Ideology [弗洛姆意识形态理论新探] JF - Study & Exploration [ 学习与探索], No. 9 (2012), pp. 21-25. N2 - 弗洛姆继承了弗洛伊德与马克思的相关学说,从社会主体出发 以>社会性格<与>社会无意识<为概念工具,揭示了资本主义意识形态的精神分析基础。他认为意识形态主要运用社会过滤器即语言、逻辑与社会禁忌来压制社会 成员的无意识进而异化社会性格结构,而要消除这种意识形态的压制就要进行社会变革与心理革命,建构一个健全的社会。尽管他试图综合并超越弗洛伊德与马克思 的相关学说,但由于他没有科学理解马克思的唯物史观,其意识形态理论最终难以完成建构健全社会这一理想目标。 N2 - Fromm inherited the related doctrine of Freud and Marx, starting from the social body >social character< and >social unconscious< as a conceptual tool reveals psychoanalytic foundation of capitalist ideology. In his view the ideology primarily use the social filters that language, logic and social taboos to suppress unconscious and thus alienated social character structure of the members of society, and to eliminate this ideological repression is necessary for social change and psychological revolution, to construct a sound society. Although he tried to comprehensive and exceed the related doctrine of Freud and Marx, but because he did not have the scientific understanding of historical materialism of Marx, the theory of ideology ultimately difficult to complete the construction of a sound social ideal target. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shuqin T1 - Freedom >Confused< – On Fromm's >Escape from Freedom<[自由的>困惑<——弗洛姆论逃避自由] JF - Journal of Sanming University [三明学院学报], No. 3 (1998), pp. 31-35. N2 - 在漫长的并且实际上从未间断的争取自由的战斗中,一些阶级曾经也为自由而战,一旦赢得了胜利,也需要维护新的特权,就摇身一变成了自由的敌人。尽管充满着曲折和反复,自由还是通过战争而获得进展。束缚一个接一个地被解除。人已推翻了大自然的统治,使自己成为自己的主人;人已推翻了教会的控制和专制国家,人类相信自由似乎即将实现。但一次 N2 - In the long and actually never stopped fighting for freedom, some classes have also had the fight for freedom, once won a victory, but also need to maintain a new privilege, it transformed into freedom enemy. Although full of twists and turns, Freedom or obtained through war progress. Bound to be released one by one. Who have overturned the rule of nature, to become masters of their own; person has overturned the church's control and authoritarian state, human beings believe that freedom seems to coming true. But once […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Weijun T1 - The Fromm Consumer Alienation Theory and Its Inspiration for a Ecological Civilization [弗洛姆消费异化理论及其对我国生态文明建设的启示] JF - Journal of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry (Social Science) [郑州轻工业学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 4 (2012), pp. 15-19. N2 - 弗洛姆对资本主义社会的消费异化现象进行了深刻的批判,认为现代资本主义是一个消费异化的社会:人所创造的世界反过来成为人的主宰者,商品的使用价值被遮蔽,消费从手段变成目的,人们对商品的原理日趋陌生,人们的闲暇时光也因为消费异化而失去了充满意义的、创造性的体验,人与人的关系被异化为商品与商品的关系,人与自身的关系也处于具有>市场倾向<的异化状态;消费异化还带来了人类的生存危机以及人类的真爱迷茫和幸福的丧失。弗洛姆认为,资本主义社会之资本增殖、价值缺位、生产延伸和欲望失控,是造成这种消费异化的主要原因。我国在推进生态文明建设、和谐社会建设和可持续发展战略中,可借鉴弗洛姆批判消费异化的相关意见,树立>重生存<的生存方式,建立生态消费的新模式,注重精神健康的实际需要,关注弱势群体的消费需求,真正做到以实现人的全面发展为目标,使消费回归>为人<宗旨,以促进我国的和谐社会建设和经济社会的可持续发展 N2 - Fromm the consumer alienation of capitalist society a profound criticism that the world created by the social alienation of modern capitalism is a consumer: people, in turn, become the master of the people, the value of goods shaded, consumer means become increasingly strange people on the principle of people's leisure time but also because of consumer alienation and lost sense, creative experience, and interpersonal relationships alienation of goods and commodities relationship with its own people in a >market orientation< state of alienation; the consumption Alienation bring loss of the crisis of human survival and human love confused and happy. Fromm believes that the proliferation of the capital of the capitalist society, the value of the absence of production extends and the desire to get out of control, causing the main reason for the alienation of such consumption. Promote ecological civilization construction, the building of a harmonious society and sustainable development strategy, the country can learn from the Fromm critical consumer alienation advice, establish a way of life >survival<, the establishment of the new model of eco-consumption, focusing on the mental health of the actual need consumer demand attention to vulnerable groups, truly achieve comprehensive development goals, the consumer regression and his purpose to promote the sustainable development of our harmonious society building and economic and social. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Xi T1 - The Alienation Characteristic in Merchant Characters of Dickens' Works [论狄更斯作品商人形象的异化特征], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - This article analyzes the merchant characters selected from Charles Dickens' works. In his works have a common characteristic, in a word: Successful career does not bring happiness. Often have great material wealth and social impacts admired by others, however, their emotional life and fate were invariably failed to bring happiness, mainly caused by their personality alienation. While the ability to change the nature and outside world is continuously increased, the mental and emotional crisis was intensified, producing all kinds of personality alienation, especially in western countries. Therefore, this article uses the theory of alienation of personality from Fromm to analyze the merchants selected from Dickens's novels, hoping to achieve a deep understanding of these characters. This article is composed by three parts, including the introduction, body and conclusion. The introduction presents the current status of researching Dickens, the meaning of the topic, the introduction and review of alienation theory. The body includes three chapters.– Merchants which demonstrate the characteristics of alienation from the abused type, the self- sacrifice type, the abusive type and the destructive type were analyzed in the first chapter. Since the personality of abused type and the self-sacrifice type are often mixed, the descriptions to these two types are combined.– Through the analysis of individual alienation in the second chapter, the author finds that the lack of creativity in love and the ability to work is the key factor for alienating the individual personality.– In the third chapter, the author analyzes the causes of alienation from social impacts, concluding that the suppressing to the uniqueness of individual nature and the cultivation of false ideal are the major social factors contributing to the individual alienation. At the last part, this article analyzes and describes the awakening thought and the ideal of serving society conveyed through the alienation features in Dickens's merchant characters. N2 - 本文主要选取狄更斯作品中商人形象展开探讨。狄更斯笔下大部分商人形象存在一个共同特征,就是事业的成功却无法带来个人生活的美好结局。他笔下的商人往往是芸芸众生中的强有力者,无论所取得的物质财富或是社会地位都使旁人艳羡,然而却在情感生活和命运归宿上却无法获得幸福,究其原因,与他们人格上的异变有很大关系。弗洛姆则认为,人改造自然和外界的能力在不断增强的同时,心理和情感危机却在持续的加剧,出现了种种的人格异化形态,尤其在资本主义社会更是如此。因此,本文主要采用弗洛姆异化理论切入对狄更斯作品商人形象的分析,以求能够深究其内涵。本文主要由绪论、主体、结语三个部分组成。绪论部分综述了当前国际国内狄更斯研究现状及本文论题的提出及意义,同时对异化理论进行了回溯和介绍。主体部分由三个章节组成,在第一章,本文对狄更斯笔下商人形象体现出的受虐型、舍我型、施虐型以及破坏型的异化特征进行了具体分析,由于受虐型与舍我型人格常交织体现,因此对这两者的阐述是结合进行的;在第二章,本文分析了异化人格形成的个体原因,认为个体在爱与工作活动中创造性能力的缺乏,是导致其人格出现异化的关键因素;第三章中本文对异化的社会原因进行了分析,认为对个体独特性的打压以及虚假理想的培植,是导致异化产生的重要社会因素。在最后的结语部分,本文对狄更斯希望通过其商人形象塑造而传达出的醒世思想和济世理想进行了分析 Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Xiaolei T1 - >Bell Jar< under Life's Journey [>钟形罩<下的人生旅程] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Science & Technology Information [科技信息], No. 24 (2011), p. 557. N2 - In this paper, Fromm's theory of the life of the forward and reverse analysis of Sylvia Plath's autobiographical novel >bell jar<, pointed out that the protagonist Esther after three stages of life: life spiritual crisis and return to the 1950s American society, in a society in transition. N2 - 本文运用弗洛姆的前进与倒退方面的生命理论分析西尔维娅.普拉斯的自传体小说《钟形罩》,指出了主人公埃斯特人生历经三个阶段:生命,精神危机以及回归50年代处于社会转型期的美国社会。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yuanyuan A1 - Liu, Houtian A1 - Jiang, Ping T1 - On Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< Concept [试论弗洛姆的>逃避自由<观] JF - Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) [ 广西民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ], No. S1 (2007), pp. 126-127. N2 - 弗洛姆是西方马克思主义的重要代表人物,他把自由的获得与自由的丧失视为共生的两极,人类越是获得自由,同时也就意味着越是丧失自由。现代人陷人了普遍的生存困惑中,从而选择了>逃避自由<。 N2 - Fromm important representatives of Western Marxism, his freedom get considered symbiotic poles with the loss of freedom, human more free, at the same time means more loss of freedom. Modern trap people the popular survival confused, select the >escape from freedom<. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xie, Longjun A1 - Yang, Yongjin T1 - On Fromm’s Critical Theory of Society [弗洛姆社会批判理论浅议] JF - Xiang Chao (Second Half) [湘潮(下半月) ], No. 1 (2013), pp. 71-72. N2 - 弗洛姆作为一名社会心理学家,对他所处的时代人类的生存状况非常关切,经过他多年的临床实践和学术探索,对如何构建一个适合人类生存的健全社会提出了一个可供实施的方案,即通过政治、经济和文化这三方面同时进行改革,方能达到目的。 N2 - Fromm as a social psychologist, live in an era of his situation is very concerned about the survival of humanity, through his years of clinical practice and academic exploration of how to build a healthy society for human survival raised one for the implementation of the scheme, namely through political, economic and cultural reforms in these three areas simultaneously in order to achieve their goals. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Xiaomin A1 - Yang, Yinghui T1 - Inspiration to Development of Confucianism from Erich Fromm's Theory of Love [弗洛姆关于爱的理论对儒学发展的启示] JF - Journal of West Anhui University [皖西学院学报], No. 1 (2013), pp. 34-37. N2 - As we all know, Confucians believe that the love of humanity is from love of flesh and blood to other people. Erich Fromm analyzes the human's act of love from viewpoint of reality. Erich Fromm believes that to love one's flesh and blood is right and proper and is not difficult. Erich Fromm respects the love from one's own to others more with the hope of spreading love to kinsmen to the human being. Therefore, there are a lot of similarities as well as some differences between Confucianism's and Fromm's theory of love. Compared with the classic philosophy statements of Confucianism, it is more vital for Fromm's theory of love which is melted into the new era. Aiming the modern society is the new path of development for Confucianism. N2 - 众所周知,儒家关于爱的先后顺序的理论是由己及人,再及天地万物的。艾.弗洛姆从现实的角度分析了人类关于爱的行为。弗洛姆认为人对骨肉之亲的爱是天经地义的,并且是不难的。弗洛姆更推崇对整个人类的爱,希望人们把对亲人的爱推及到整个人类。弗洛姆和儒家关于爱的理论有异有同,相比于儒家古典的哲学论证,融合于新时代的弗洛姆爱的理论更具有生命力。立足于现代社会是儒家发展的新路向。 Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shu, Yang T1 - Dilemma of Freedom – Interpretation of Fromm's Freedom Philosophy [自由的困境——解读弗洛姆的自由哲学] JF - Journal of Chongqing Radio Television University [重庆广播电视大学学报], No. 3 (2009), pp. 37-39. N2 - Fromm, psychoanalysis, sociology-based, build their own unique view of freedom. He believes that in modern capitalist society, people in a dilemma: both aspire to the pursuit of freedom, but also unbearable thus arising from the spirit alone, turn to trying to escape from freedom, however, escape the way to freedom is not a modern man out of the woods, positive freedom is avoid alone the best way to spontaneous love and the creation of this positive the only effective way to freedom. N2 - 弗洛姆以精神分析社会学为基础,构建了自己独特的自由观。他认为,在现代资本主义社会中,人处于两难困境之中:既向往、追求自由,又难以忍受由此而产生的精神孤独,转而想方设法地逃避自由。但是,逃避自由不是现代人摆脱困境的出路,实现积极的自由才是避免孤独的最佳方式,而自发性的爱与创造是获得这种积极自由的唯一有效途径。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Abo T1 - Freedom, Sound and Sound Society: An Interpretation of Fromm's Thought [化、自由与健全的社会:对弗洛姆思想的解读] JF - Youth Years [青春岁月], No. 5 (2017), pp. 222-223. N2 - 作为精神分析学派的重要人物,埃里希•弗洛姆通过对法西斯社会的人格分析,指出逃避自由是由于人类个体人格的不健康,是一种非生产性人格在作祟。他指出,健全的社会与非占有性存在才是出路。 N2 - As an important figure in the psychoanalytic school, Erich Fromm's analysis of the personality of the fascist society points out that the avoidance of freedom is due to the unhealthyness of the individual's personality, which is a non-productive personality at work. He pointed out that a sound social and non-possessive existence is the way out. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Dongzhu T1 - Consumption Alienation and Its Humanitarian Redemption – An Analysis of Fromm's View of Humanitarian Consumption [消费异化及其人道救赎——弗洛姆的人道主义消费观解析] JF - Social Sciences Review [社科纵横], No. 5 (2017), pp. 50-54. N2 - 面对西方国家消费观念和消费方式的变化,弗洛姆从人本主义的立场出发,运用社会心理学方法对西方国家的消费状况做了深刻分析。他认为,在西方社会,异化已经由生产领域侵入到消费领域,消费不再是一种生活手段,而是蜕变成了生活目的,人们消费的商品、媒介、过程和结果都发生了异化。消费异化的本质是人的异化,严重影响了人的自由全面发展。弗洛姆并没有把目光停留在单纯的理性批判之上,而是从人道主义角度提出了解决方案。但由于这些方案只是致力于实现对西方社会消费方式的点滴改良,因而不可能从根本上解决消费异化问题。 N2 - In the face of changes in consumer attitudes and patterns of consumption in the West, Fromm from the standpoint of humanism, the use of social psychology methods to Western countries to do a profound analysis of the consumption situation. He believes that in Western society, alienation has been invaded by the production areas into the consumer, consumption is no longer a means of life, but transformed into a purpose of life, people consume goods, media, processes and results have alienated. The essence of consumption alienation is human alienation, which seriously affects the free and comprehensive development of human beings. Fromm did not keep his eyes on purely rational criticism, but instead proposed a solution from a humanitarian point of view. But because these programs are only committed to the realization of the Western way of consumption of the bit of improvement, it is impossible to fundamentally solve the problem of consumption alienation. [Automatic translation]. Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Ling T1 - Fromm's Alienation Theory and Realistic Enlightenment 弗洛姆的异化论及现实启示 JF - Theoretic Observation 理论观察, No. 1 (2018), pp. 15-17. N2 - 异化是贯穿人类社会发展始终的一种社会现象,并没有随着人类社会物质生活水平的提升而消除。实际上,随着技术的发展,人类生活水平的提升,人们反而感到内心更加的迷茫,感到被物所控制,这就是异化的表现。弗洛姆对现代资本主义社会中人的异化问题作了深入的分析与批判,并探寻使人克服异化走向健全的有效路径。准确理解弗洛姆的异化理论,对分析与解决我国社会中的一些问题,推进全面建成小康社会化也具有重要的启示。 N2 - Alienation is a social phenomenon that has always existed throughout the development of human society. It has not been eliminated with the improvement of the material life of human society. In fact, with the development of technology, the improvement of people’s living standards, people feel that their hearts are more confused and feel controlled by things. This is a manifestation of alienation. Fromm made an in-depth analysis and criticism of the alienation of human beings in modern capitalist society and explored an effective way to make people overcome alienation towards soundness. Accurately understanding Fromm's theory of alienation has important implications for analyzing and solving some problems in our society and promoting the socialization of building an overall well-to-do society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Mei T1 - The Spiritual Crisis of Contemporary American Intellectuals in >Herzog< [论《赫索格》中美国当代知识分子的精神困境], Master thesis, Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Nanhua University, Dalin, Chiayi, Taiwan 2017 [ application of Fromm's Theories to art]. N2 - 当代美国杰出的小说家索尔?贝娄(1915-2005),二战后美国犹太裔小说家,诺贝尔文学奖获得者。贝娄的代表作《赫索格》(1964)展现了主人公摩西赫索格五天旅行中的混乱的思绪,苦闷与迷茫,追寻于探索,精神受难。真实地再现了美国当代知识分子在现代社会中的挫败感、迷茫、对人生意义的追寻与自我调整。国内外学者多用存在主义、女性主义、原型批评等相关理论对小说进行分析,很少有人从认知诗学及弗洛姆的人本主义精神分析视角解读该小说的主题。该研究以长篇小说《赫索格》为研究对象,运用认知诗学中心理空间理论和弗洛姆的人本精神分析理论,探讨《赫索格》中的主人公赫索格的婚姻危机、事业危机、自我身份危机。通过文本细读,本论文综合分析赫索格的心理空间的意义构建、美国现代知识分子的生活与学术困境、后现代性中的>精神分裂<现象,追踪主人公的心路历程。首先,论文从心理空间理论入手,突出故事的后现代语境、主人公与社会之间的裂隙,强调赫索格是有一定思想深度与独立见解的美国当代知识分子。从他对真理的追求与信念、他自身的弱点,勾勒出晚期资本主义社会所造成的>人生的空虚<、人性的扭曲,以及主人公形象所具有的普遍性与意义。该研究借用弗洛姆的人本精神分析理论,追踪赫索格走出精神困境的路径。论文指出,赫索格具有复杂的精神诉求:既渴望集体生活又与社会疏离,既要有确定的身份又拒绝身份的羁绊,既要求人际关系的平等又追求与众不同。他的人生充满了无奈与无力感,但他依旧有知识的深厚积淀、对社会的深刻洞察力、强烈的家庭责任感。种种人生起伏,恰恰成就了他的优秀品质与自我身份。最后,赫索格在通过写信释放自我,回归本真,及亲朋的关爱及大自然的精神滋养下,改善人际关系,拥抱生活,走出了精神困境。研究发现了赫索格的心理空间的意义构建以及他所代表的美国现代知识分子的精神困境。文本再现了美国现代大众社会对>知识分子的自我<的消解,试图为赫索格找一条既不逃避现实又保持个性独立的理想道路,体现了作者对生命意义的追求。对文本的心理空间分析表明,赫索格与他人、与社会的互动,是人类(尤其是美国当代知识分子)生活的常态。当代知识分子能够在各种消解自我的压力下幸存并维持知识分子的良知,其实维系着人类社会的光明与未来。赫索格的精神危机,反映了社会经济发展过程中带来的社会成员的精神危机。因此,为身处同样经济飞速发展的当代中国人,提供借鉴。 N2 - Saul Bellow (1915–2005), an eminent contemporary American novelist, won extraordinarily great literary achievements in his life and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. Bellow’s masterpiece >Herzog< (1964) demonstrates the sense of frustration, confusion, quest for the meaning of life and self-adjustment of the contemporary American intellectuals in the society. Many scholars at home and abroad carried out analyses about the novel from the theories of existentialism, feminism, archetypal criticism and other suitable theories, but there have been few analyses to explore the themes of the novel from the perspective of cognitive poetics and Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis. By closely reading the text, this thesis takes Herzog as research subject, synthetically analyzes the features of Herzog’s mental world, the dilemmas in American contemporary intellectuals’ life and academic activities, the postmodern schizophrenic phenomenon, and traces the protagonist’s journey of soul. The research attempts to analyze the text from the perspective of Mental Space Theory by foregrounding its post-modern context and the protagonist’s disjuncture from society, emphasizing that Herzog is a contemporary American intellectual with in-depth thought and independent views. From his pursuit of truth and faith and his own weaknesses, this research sketches the contours of the sense of emptiness, the distortion of human nature caused by capitalist society, and the universal meaning in the image of the protagonist. Drawing on Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis, simultaneously the thesis traces the ways of Herzog’s self-redemption, analyzing Herzog’s marital crisis, career crisis, crisis of his self. As the thesis points out, Herzog has a complex spiritual quest. He longs for the community life but is alienated from society;he desires for clear identity but refuses to the fetters of identity; he wants interpersonal equality but pursues to be out of the ordinary. His life is full of helplessness and powerlessness, but he still has a large accumulation of knowledge, profound perception of the society, and strong sense of family responsibility. All the ups and downs in his life just bring out his good qualities and his self-identity. And finally, it proves that Herzog walked out of his spirit dilemma with the release of the Self, the care from his family and friends as well as the spiritual nurture from Nature so that a healthy relationship with the Self, the society and the world is built. The research makes a summary of the features of Herzog’s mental space and spiritual predicament of American intellectuals represented by Herzog. It holds the following opinions: First, the text represents the dissolution of the intellectuals’ selves by contemporary massive society, tries to find out an ideal way of both being in reality and keeping one’s individuality, and embodying the author’s quest for the meaning of life; second, the analysis of mental world shows that the interactions between Herzog, people around him and the society is actually the normalcy of human beings, especially contemporary American intellectuals; third, it is not easy for contemporary intellectuals to sustain their conscience under the various pressures of self-dissolution. Their efforts are actually the foundation for human bright future. Herzog’s spiritual crisis reflects spiritual crisis of social members brought in the process of social economic development. Therefore, this thesis provides reference for the contemporary Chinese who are experiencing the rapid economic development. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Yun T1 - An Unconquerable Spiritual Predicament: Loneliness in the Novels of Carson McCullers and Su Tong [无法摆脱的精神困境:卡森•麦卡勒斯和苏童小说中的孤独主题比较研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China 2018 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 以>孤独的猎手<著称的二十世纪美国南方作家卡森•麦卡勒斯和中国当代>先锋<文学的代表作家之一苏童,尽管生活时代和文化背景有着巨大的差异性,但两位作家都在作品中关注现代化进程中个体生活的孤独,尤其是隔绝的南方世界里底层的边缘化的人物的孤独。目前评论界对两位作家单一的研究较多,但是比较研究鲜少涉及,对于两位作家作品中孤独主题的比较研究更不多见。本文从比较文学主题学研究角度出发,用平行研究的方法,通过对两位作家经典作品的分析,研究两位作家在作品中是如何呈现孤独这一主题,揭示两人孤独主题书写的同中之异与异中之同,探讨两位作家孤独主题写作的现实意义和审美意义。引言部分是对两位作家研究现状的分析,重点回顾了与本文相关的研究成果,并简要说明论文的研究意义和方法。第一章从边缘化的人物和隔绝的南方世界两方面,分析两位作家对孤独主题的文本呈现。论文认为这些边缘化的人物都表现出对于归属感、爱和精神支柱共同的追求。此外,虽然两位作家笔下的南方各有特点,但隔绝、工业化以及暴力却是构成他们笔下孤独南方的共同因素。第二章以>颠覆<为关键词,运用巴赫金狂欢化诗学理论,认为孤独中的人们并不是一味的受孤独的压迫,而是在短时间内通过>狂欢<和>逃离<的方式实现对孤独的颠覆。然而,颠覆孤独的努力最终宣告失败,作品中的人物再次陷入更深的孤独之中。因此第三章,运用弗洛姆关于孤独和异化的理论,从社会现实和个体困境两方面分析颠覆孤独失败的原因。结论部分对两位作家进行综合比较,总结两位作家在对孤独主题的呈现中表现出共同的>孤独-颠覆孤独-失败<的模式和不同的刻画孤独的艺术手法,揭示孤独的普遍性和无可避免性,阐释两位作家孤独主题写作的现实意义和审美意义。一方面,两位作家对孤独主题的共同关注和体认为我们反思当下人类的精神状况提供不可或缺的镜鉴。另一方面,两位作家对孤独主题的探索进一步深化和丰富了孤独主题在世界文学中的表现;苏童对意象的运用以及麦卡勒斯对怪诞形象,尤其是对双性人形象的关注,都体现出两位作家孤独主题书写的独特性和艺术价值。 N2 - >The Lonely Hunter< Carson McCullers in the south of America in the twentieth century and Su Tong, one of the representatives of the >avant-garde< literature in contemporary China, in spite of great differences in times and cultures, share their common concern of the loneliness of marginalized characters in their respective isolated southern worlds that were in the process of further modernization. Studies on the two writers have mainly focused on their respective works and comparative study is quite scarce. Comparative study on the theme of loneliness in their novels is even less. Based on the thematology in comparative literature, this thesis intends to make a parallel study on the theme of loneliness in their novels. By close reading of the selected works, the thesis aims to unravel the representation of loneliness in their novels, analyze similarities and differences in their loneliness writing and explore the realistic and aesthetic significance of their writing of loneliness. The introduction part begins with a close analysis of the related studies on the theme, and clarifies the significance and methodology of this study. Chapter one analyzes the textual representation of loneliness from marginalized characters and southern worlds. The thesis thinks characters are isolated and marginalized in their common pursuit of belonging, love and spiritual sustenance, which gives rise to their loneliness. Moreover, the southern worlds they created based on their hometowns are endowed with the common elements of isolation, industrialization and violence though they are different in many ways. Chapter two focuses on the keyword of >subversion< with the help of Bakhtin’s theory of carnivalization. The author of this thesis finds that lonely people are not confined in the cell of loneliness all the time, instead they always attempt at subversion of loneliness through the way of carnivalization and the way of escape. However, the characters’ subversion of loneliness is doomed and they are trapped in deeper loneliness once again. Therefore, based on Fromm’s theory on loneliness and alienation, chapter three analyzes the causes of the failed subversion of loneliness from the perspective of social oppression and personal plight to reveal that characters are caught in unconquerable spiritual predicament eventually. The concluding part is a comprehensive comparison of the two writers; it summarizes the common pattern of >oneliness-subversion of loneliness-failure< and the different artistic techniques of the representation of loneliness in their novels, discloses the universality and inevitability of loneliness, and analyzes the realistic and aesthetic significance of the writing of loneliness. On the one hand, their common humanistic and thought-provoking concerns about the spiritual predicament and existential crisis of human beings provide us with the indispensable mirror to reflect on human spiritual condition in contemporary times. On the other hand, loneliness in their novels furthers to deepen and enrich the writing of loneliness in world literature; the application of images in Su Tong’s novels and the concern of the grotesques, especially androgynous characters in McCullers’s works both present their uniqueness and aesthetic values in loneliness writing. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2018 ER -