TY - JOUR A1 - Wijaya, Daya Negri A1 - et al., T1 - Humanisme menurut Niccolo Machiavelli [Humanism according to Niccolo Machiavelli] JF - Jurnal Teori dan Praksis Pembelajaran IPS, Vol. 2, No. 2 (2017), pp. 53-61. [Online ISSN 2503-5307] [journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/jtppips/article/view/2492/1503] N2 - Machiavelli sebagai anak zamannya berupaya untuk membuka kesadaran manusia di masa kini. Dengan dipengaruhi semangat renaissance maka buah pikirnya terlihat begitu humanis. Walaupun banyak orang menyangka dia amoral tetapi pada kenyataannya dia memberikan berbagai saran yang bersifat humanis. Dia memang merekomendasikan bahwa penguasa boleh menghalalkan segala cara untuk mencapai tujuannya. Akan tetapi, khalayak melupakan bagaimana dia juga memberikan saran bagaimana cara untuk menjadi penguasa yang humanis. Dalam karyanya >Diskursus<, dia bahkan ingin untuk membongkar dan mengarahkan manusia untuk menjadi lebih humanis. Dia merasa bahwa hakikat manusia secara alamiah tentunya bersifat iri dengki dan manusia lebih cepat mengritik daripada memuji sehingga manusia akan terus mengulangi konflik sepanjang sejarah hidup mereka. Pemujaan akan masa lalu yang berlebih membuat manusia memiliki pola berpikir yang keliru. Sudah saatnya masa lalu harus dipahami bukan hanya dari masa lalu tetapi dari masa lalu dan masa kini. N2 - Machiavelli as inspired by his age wants to open people’s awareness at present. He is shaped by the spirit of renaissance then his thoughts seem to be more humanistic. However people claim that his thinking is amoral but he suggests the humanistic recommendation. He advises that the prince should decide any decision to reach his aims. Unless, people tend to ignore how he advices to be a humanistic prince. In his work entitled >Discourse<, he even wants to deconstruct and direct people to be more humanistic. He believes that the nature of man is envy and is like to criticize than to appreciate so that man will repeat his conflict as long as his life. The worshipping of past steers the man to think irregularly. It is a time to know history from not only the past but also the past and the present. Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Zhi A1 - et al., T1 - The Enlightenment of the Thought of >Consumption Alienation< to the Construction of Ecological Civilization in Contemporary China [>消费异化<思想对当代中国生态文明建设的启示] JF - Journal of Anhui Vocational College of Metallurgy and Technology [安徽冶金科技职业学院学报], No. 1 (2024), pp. 82-83, 86. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Since the reform and opening up, environmental problems have become increasingly prominent along with economic growth. This paper deeply understands the meaning and nature of consumption, analyzes the ideas from Marx’s >alienation of labor< to the >alienation of consumption< represented by Marcuse and Fromm, clarifies the deviation between consumption and ecology, looks for the requirements and countermeasures of ecological consumption mode, and infuses theoretical vitality into the construction of ecological civilization. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2024] Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sutikna, Nana A1 - et al., T1 - Heading Towards Autonomous and Dynamic Press Freedom in Indonesia JF - NVEO – National Volatiles and Essential Oils, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 2708-2717. N2 - Rather than being absolute, human freedom is relative because human situation and condition limits it. Also relative is press freedom. History of press in Indonesia recorded that press freedom is experienced once more by Indonesian people after the 1998 reform. At implementation level, there are numerous debates on the definition of freedom. This research attempts to analyze autonomous and dynamics press freedom in Indonesia as observed from Erich Fromm’s perspective. This research is a qualitative research on philosophical problem analyzed by means of historical-factual approach. Research result indicates that autonomous and dynamic press can be achieved through two actions. First, opposing the parties who prevent press from becoming themselves. Second, developing the >culture< of rationality, i.e. accustoming the press to develop their common sense to reach each of their realistic point. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skovdahl, Kirsti A1 - et al., T1 - Dementia and aggressiveness: video recorded morning care from different care units JF - Journal of Clinical Nursing, Vol. 12, No. 6 (2003), pp. 888-898 [Online ISSN 1365-2702] [doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2702.2003.00809.x] N2 - The aim of the study was to illuminate, from video recorded sequences, interactions between individuals with dementia and aggressive behaviour and caregivers who reported problems dealing with such behaviour and caregivers who did not. Nine caregivers and two residents participated. The video recordings were later transcribed into text and analysed by using a phenomenological hermeneutic approach, inspired by Ricoeur's philosophy. The main themes that emerged from the analysis were >Being involved and developing a positive interaction< and >Being confined to routines and remaining in negative interaction<. The findings indicated the interactions either to be in a positive or negative spiral. Caregivers who had reported problems dealing with behavioural and psychiatric symptoms in dementia focused on accomplishing the task, where the main focus was on >the goal itself<. In other sequences with caregivers who had been satisfied with their capability the focus was placed on >how< the caregivers could reach their goal. Power was central in the material, in different ways, either as a possible way to handle the situation or as a possible way of defending oneself. Parts of Kitwood's framework and Fromm's theory about power >over< and power >to<, has been used in the comprehensive understanding. Our conclusion is that caregivers should use power 'to' when they have to help persons with dementia and aggressive behaviour, as a part of behavioural and psychiatric symptoms of dementia, for being able to give help in the best possible way. They should also act in a sensitive and reflective manner, with the individual in focus. Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaniowski, Pavel A1 - et al., T1 - Neopsychoanaliza humanistyczna Ericha Fromma – Wprowadzenie, Przeczytaj, Prezentacja multimedialna, Film edukacyjny, Dla nauczyciela [Erich Fromm's Humanistic Neopsychoanalysis – Introduction, Readings, Multimedia Presentation, Educational Film, for the Teacher], Educational platform of the Ministry of Education and Science, Poland s. a. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Molesworth, Mike A1 - et al., T1 - Having, being and higher education: the marketisation of the university and the transformation of the student into consumer JF - Teaching in Higher Education, Vol.14, No. 3 (2009), pp. 277-287. [Online ISSN: 1470-1294] [doi.org/10.1080/13562510902898841] N2 - In this paper we express concerns that the marketisation of British higher education that has accompanied its expansion has resulted in some sections becoming pedagogically limited. We draw from Fromm's humanist philosophy based on >having< to argue that the current higher education (HE) market discourse promotes a mode of existence, where students seek to >have a degree< rather than >be learners<. This connects pedagogic theory to a critique of consumer culture. We argue that a ‘market-led’ university responds to consumer calls by focusing on the content students want at a market rate. It may decrease intellectual complexity if this is not in demand, and increase connections with the workplace if this is desired. Once, under the guidance of the academic, the undergraduate had the potential to be transformed into a scholar, someone who thinks critically, but in our consumer society such ‘transformation’ is denied and ‘confirmation’ of the student as consumer is favoured. We further argue that there is a danger that the new HE's link to business through the expansion of vocational courses in business, marketing and related offerings, inevitably embeds expanded HE in a culture of having. This erodes other possible roles for education because a consumer society is unlikely to support a widened HE sector that may work to undermine its core ideology. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Popandopulo, O. A. A1 - et al., T1 - Перспективы становления гуманистическои модели правовои социализации человека в россииском обществе [Prospects for the formation of a humanistic model of legal socialization of a person in Russian society] JF - Политика и Общество [Politics and Society], Vol. 131, No. 1 (2016), pp. 56-64. [ISSN: 2454-0684] N2 - Статья посвящена анализу альтернативных моделей правовой социализации человека в современном российском обществе. Автор исходит из того, что в процессе формирования законопослушного поведения ведущим фактором выступает характер социально-правовых отношений (авторитарный или гуманистический) между личностью, обществом и государством. Основной чертой гуманистической персоноцентрической модели является признание доминирования внутренних духовных сил и качеств человека в процессе его становления полноценным субъектом общественно-правых отношений. Ее альтернативой выступает авторитарная социоцентрическая модель, в качестве основных детерминант здесь признаются внешние общественные условия и факторы, определяющие вектор социально-правового развития индивида. В процессе исследования перспективной теоретической модели правовой социализации личности в российском социуме были использованы идеи персонализма Н. А. Бердяева, Э. Мунье и С. Л. Франка, концепции социального действия М. Вебера, Т. Парсонса и Ю. Хабермаса, социально-психологические идеи Э. Фромма. В работе сделан вывод о том, что традиционной, исторически обусловленной национальной моделью правовой социализации в российском социуме выступает авторитарная модель. Однако общественный прогресс требует развития гуманистической персоноцентрической модели правовой социализации, способствующей формированию субъект-субъектных отношений в правовой жизни. Приоритетом модели выступают естественные права и свободы человека, составляющие одну из экзистенциальных основ персональной идентичности. N2 - This article analyzes alternative models of legal socialization in contemporary Russian society. The author proceeds from the fact that in the process of law-abiding behavior leading factor is the nature of social and legal relations (authoritarian or humanistic) between the individual, society and the state. The main feature of the model is a humanistic personacentric recognition dominance of internal spiritual forces and qualities in the process of becoming a full-fledged subject of public-right relations. Her alternative acts sociocentric authoritarian model as the main determinants are recognized by external social conditions and factors that determine the vector of socio-legal development of the individual. The study promising theoretical model of legal socialization of the individual in Russian society were used ideas of personalism NA Berdyaev, E. Mounier and SL Frank, the concept of social action Weber, T. Parsons and Habermas, social and psychological ideas of Erich Fromm. The paper concludes that the traditional, historically conditioned national model of legal socialization in Russian society advocates an authoritarian model. However, social progress requires the development of a humanistic model personacentric legal socialization that promotes the formation of subject-subject relations in the legal life. The priority of the model are the natural rights and freedoms constitutes one of the existential foundations of personal identity. Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poster, Mark F. A1 - et al., T1 - Georg Groddeck: >The Pinch of Pepper< of Psychoanalysis JF - American Journal of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 76, No. 2 (2016), pp. 161-182. [Online ISSN 1573-6741] [doi.org/10.1057/ajp.2016.11] N2 - The life and works of Georg Groddeck are reviewed and placed in historical context as a physician and a pioneer of psychoanalysis, psychosomatic medicine, and an epistolary style of writing. His >Das Es< concept stimulated Freud to construct his tripartite model of the mind. Groddeck, however, used Das Es to facilitate receptivity to unconscious communication with his patients. His >maternal turn< transformed his treatment approach from an authoritarian position to a dialectical process. Groddeck was a generative influence on the development of Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Erich Fromm, and Karen Horney. He was also the mid-wife of the late-life burst of creativity of his friend and patient Sándor Ferenczi. Together, Groddeck and Ferenczi provided the impetus for a paradigm shift in psychoanalysis that emphasized the maternal transference, child-like creativity, and a dialogue of the unconscious that foreshadowed contemporary interest in intersubjectivity and field theory. They were progenitors of the relational turn and tradition in psychoanalysis. Growing interest in interpsychic communication and field theory is bringing about a convergence of theorizing among pluralistic psychoanalytic schools that date back to 1923 when Freud appropriated Groddeck’s >Das Es< and radically altered its meaning and use. Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pozdeeva, E. G. A1 - et al., T1 - Problems of Personality Type Transformation In Current Conditions of Russian Society JF - International Conference on Research Paradigms Transformation in Social Sciences (RPTSS 2017), 18-21 May, 2017, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Russia, in: Ardashkin, I. B. et al. (Eds.): Research Paradigms Transformation in Social Sciences, Vol. 35. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences (Future Academy) 2018, pp. 1092-1099. [doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.02.128] N2 - The article examines features of stability and transformation of the personality type emerging as a normative and value image of the modern Russian society. Based on approaches of Erich Fromm, David Riesman, Yuri Levada, two trends can be revealed: one of them aims to preserve those archetypal characteristics so typical of >Soviet human<, another one deals with formation of new properties that would meet goals of market oriented society and define features of individual success. Russian society is characteristic of global processes of values modernization, reasoned by R. Inglehart and C. Welzel, and reflecting individual’s pursuance of greater personal freedom and self-expression. The new value system of the Russians is still nascent; giving up on old social and cultural reality is of phantom nature. Previous research analysis allows concluding that the personality type is balancing between two poles, caused by socio-economic conditions fluctuation, poor establishment of institutional factors for system implementation of the new model, missing of a clear vision of the future, which could serve as a reference. Russian society appears to be split according to the typological dominance factor into two groups – active and passive. The problem arises on how lack of uniform symbolic and semantic field effects the modern personality type formation as it leads to social relations mobility, ongoing risk and complex processes in semio-phychological space. However, the personality type instability may be also caused by socio-cultural specifics, traditions, lack of public communication space development, preservation of former institutional structures and a particular lifestyle. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Röllmann, Laura F. A1 - Kühn, Thomas A1 - et al., T1 - Bricolage of positions and perspectives from the panel discussion on prospects and contestations of Critical and Radical Humanist Work and Organizational Psychology: Are we ready to take over? JF - Journal Psychologie des Alltagshandelns / Psychology of Everyday Activity, Vol. 16 (No. 1, 2023), pp. 60-70. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peciccia, Maurizio A1 - et al., T1 - Sense of self and psychosis, part 1: Identification, differentiation and the body; A theoretical basis for amniotic therapy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 226-236. N2 - We will describe in two articles (>Sense of self and psychosis<, 1 and 2) the theoretical basis and the methodology of a new therapeutic group approach called amniotic therapy, which aims to improve the sense of self of psychotic patients. In this first article we explore the role of the surface of the body and its early sensorimotor interactions in the processes of self/other identification and differentiation. We propose that these processes have common origins, the body surface and its interactions, but different destinies, depending on where the body’s surface is projected. When it is projected intrapsychically we have differentiation, and when it is projected externally onto the body’s surface of the other, we have identification. Identification is a reciprocal process, in which the self’s and the other’s surfaces mutually contain each other and co-create a shared field. The neural correlates of identification and differentiation are discussed. The second article, which follows, describes amniotic therapy and explores a single case study. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peciccia, Maurizio A1 - et al., T1 - Sense of self and psychosis, part 2: A single case study on amniotic therapy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 237-248. N2 - Some people diagnosed with schizophrenia show an alteration of the sense of self. From a psychodynamic perspective, it has been hypothesized they have disorders of the integration of self/other identification/differentiation processes. From a neuroscientific view some with this diagnosis present dysfunctions in neural correlates of representation of self from other (the implicit sensorimotor-based bodily self), and self united with other. In >Sense of self and psychosis, part 1< we discussed scientific literature offering empirical evidence for the psychodynamic clinical observations that patients with diagnoses of psychoses didn’t receive adequate early infancy parental care and sufficient affective-sensorial/tactile interactions. Introducing parental care/cutaneous interactions seemed relevant in the analytic treatment of psychoses, as the pioneers of the psychoanalytic approach to psychosis suggested. From this theoretical basis we developed amniotic therapy, which reproduces the affective-tactile interactions of early infancy, insufficient in cases of psychosis, and aims at integrating the processes of differentiation and identification. We present a single case study of an experimental intervention plan including amniotic therapy. Results showed increases in interoception and global functioning, with significant decreases in positive symptoms suggesting that amniotic therapy contributes to increasing the protective strength of self-boundaries and integration of identification/differentiation processes. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Silva, Flávio Luiz Honorato da A1 - et al., T1 - As perspectivas de Viktor Frankl e Erich Fromm sobre o amor e a humanidade [Viktor Frankl and Erich Fromm's perspectives on love and humanity] [Las perspectivas de Viktor Frankl y Erich Fromm sobre el amor y la humanidad] JF - Research, Society and Development, Vol. 10, No. 10 (2021), pp. 1-8. [ISSN 2525-3409] [doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.19120] N2 - As perspectivas de pensamentos da Logoterapia e Análise Existencial de Frankl e a Psicanálise de Freud, apesar de visões diferentes de ser humano e mundo, há muito em comum, principalmente quando as influências do humanismo e existencialismo afetam os pensamentos de psicanalistas. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os pressupostos teóricos sobre o amor e humanidade de Viktor Emil Frankl e Erich Fromm considerados dois humanistas. O artigo busca indicar, apesar das divergências entre as duas abordagens psicológicas, posições em comum principalmente semelhanças de pensamentos, ou seja, concordâncias de ideias em benefício de um bem comum da saúde mental do indivíduo na terapia. Foram utilizadas pesquisas bibliográficas em livros e artigos em bases de dados, por meio dos fundamentos teóricos dos pensamentos de Viktor Emil Frankl e de Erich Fromm. Averiguou-se que, mesmo de escolas divergentes em relação aos conceitos de ser humano e mundo, as duas abordagens apresentam, de acordo com os pensadores, perspectivas que convergem em relação aos construtos de amor e humanidade. N2 - The perspectives of thoughts of Frankl's Logotherapy and Existential Analysis and Freud's Psychoanalysis, despite different views of the human being and the world, there is much in common, especially when the influences of humanism and existentialism affect the thoughts of psychoanalysts. This work aims to present the theoretical assumptions about love and humanity of Viktor Emil Frankl and Erich Fromm, considered two humanists. The article seeks to indicate, regardless of the divergences between the two psychological approaches, common positions of similar thoughts, that is, agreement of ideas in benefit of a common good of the individual's mental health in therapy. Bibliographic research in books and articles in databases was used, through the theoretical foundations of the thoughts of Viktor Emil Frankl and Erich Fromm. It was found that, even from divergent schools in relation to the concepts of human being and world, the two approaches presented, according to the thinkers, perspectives that converge in relation to the constructs of love and humanity. N2 - Las perspectivas de los pensamientos de la logoterapia y análisis existencial de Frankl y el psicoanálisis de Freud, a pesar de las diferentes visiones del ser humano y el mundo, tienen mucho en común, especialmente cuando las influencias del humanismo y el existencialismo afectan los pensamientos de los psicoanalistas. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar los supuestos teóricos sobre el amor y la humanidad de Viktor Emil Frankl y Erich Fromm, considerados dos humanistas. El artículo busca señalar, independientemente de las divergencias entre los dos enfoques psicológicos, posiciones comunes de pensamientos similares, es decir, concordancia de ideas en beneficio de un bien común de la salud mental del individuo en terapia. Se utilizó la investigación bibliográfica en libros y artículos en bases de datos, a través de los fundamentos teóricos del pensamiento de Viktor Emil Frankl y Erich Fromm. Se encontró que, incluso desde escuelas divergentes en relación a los conceptos de ser humano y mundo, los dos enfoques presentaban, según los pensadores, perspectivas que convergen en relación a los constructos del amor y la humanidad. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stelcer, Boguslaw A1 - et al., T1 - Przedmowa [Preface] T2 - Boguslav Stelcer et al. (Eds.): Zdrowy człowiek i społeczeństwo w wizjach Alberta Schweitzera i Ericha Fromma, Poznań (Medical University of Karol Marcinkowski in Poznań), Poland 2012, pp. 12-15. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Wolfgang G. A1 - et al., T1 - Preface: Conference vision and call for participation JF - Journal Psychologie des Alltagshandelns / Psychology of Everyday Activity, Vol. 16 (No. 1, 2023), pp. 06-12. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Van Hiel, Alain A1 - et al., T1 - To Have or To Be? A Comparison of Materialism-Based Theories and Self-Determination Theory as Explanatory Frameworks of Prejudice JF - Journal of Personality, Vol. 78, No. 3 (2010), pp. 1037-1070. [Online ISSN 1467-6494] [doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00642.x] N2 - The present study aimed to delineate the psychological structure of materialism and intrinsic and extrinsic value pursuit. Moreover, we compared models based on self-determination theory (SDT), Fromm's marketing character, and Inglehart's theory of social change to account for racial prejudice. In a sample of undergraduate students (n=131) and adults (n=176) it was revealed that the extrinsic value pursuit Financial Success/Materialism could be distinguished from the extrinsic value scales Physical Appeal and Social Recognition, and Community Concern could be distinguished from the intrinsic value pursuit scales Self-acceptance and Affiliation. Moreover, Financial Success/Materialism and Community Concern were consistently and significantly related to prejudice, whereas the other SDT facet scales yielded weaker relationships with prejudice. Structural models based on SDT and Inglehart were not corroborated, but instead the present data supported a mediation model based on Fromm's work in which the effect of Community Concern was mediated by Financial Success/Materialism. Broader implications for SDT are critically assessed. Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ulloa Brenes, Gilbert A1 - et al., T1 - Fundamentos teórico-metodológicos del >cuestionario sobre marcos de orientación ética de estudiantes de la UNED< [Theoretical and methodological foundations of the >questionnaire on ethical orientation frameworks of UNED students<] JF - Revista Espiga, Vol. 13, No. 27 (2014), pp. 81-92. [Online ISSN 2215-454X] [revistas.uned.ac.cr/index.php/espiga/article/view/505/408] N2 - A partir de las tesis elaboradas por el psicólogo social Erich Fromm (1977) respecto a los marcos de orientación y devoción que guían parte del comportamiento humano en sociedad, se cons- truye un sistema teórico-metodológico cuyo objeto de estudio, categorías, subcategorías y ejes temáticos derivan en un instrumento denominado: >Cuestionario sobre marcos de orientación ética de estudiantes de la UNED<, el cual se utiliza en el proyecto de investigación de la Cátedra de Teología titulado: >En qué creen los jóvenes? Marcos de orientación ética de estudiantes de la UNED<. Interesa que este instrumento sea una herramienta válida para sondear la orientación ética de la población con que se trabaja en ese proyecto y constituya, además, un aporte novedoso en el área de la investigación social en torno a temáticas similares. Palabras clave: Orientaciones éticas, Erich Fromm, investigación social, estudiantes universitarios. N2 - Based on the social psychologist Erich Fromm (1977) thesis about the orientation and devotion frameworks that guide human behavior in society, we construct a theoretical-methodological system whose object of study, categories, subcategories and themes resulting in an instrument called a: >Questionnaire on ethical orientation frames UNED students<, which is used in the re- search project of the Department of Theology entitled: >What young people think? Frames ethical orientation of young students of the Open University<. It is interesting that this instrument is a valid tool to probe the ethical orientation of the population that is working on this project and constitutes also a novel contribution in the field of social research around similar themes. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Despiana, Laela A1 - et al., T1 - Love of Character Qays in the Novel >Laylā Majnũn< the Work of Syekh Nizami: Erich Fromm's Perspective [Cinta tokoh Qays dalam novel >Laylā Majnũn< karya Syekh Nizami: perspektif Erich Fromm] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Kopula: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Pendidikan (2023). [Online ISSN 2987-5307] [eprints.unram.ac.id/44149/2/JURNAL_KOPULA-LAELADESPIANA%20%281%29.pdf] N2 - Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana cinta tokoh Qays dalam novel >Laylā Majnũn< karya Syekh Nizami menggunakan perspektif Erich Fromm. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan Cinta Tokoh Qays dalam Novel >Laylā Majnũn< karya Syekh Nizami; perspektif Erich Fromm. Dengan tujuan penelitian tersebut, maka jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu studi pustaka dan dokumentasi dengan cara peneliti membaca secara intensif sumber data berupa novel >Laylā Majnũn< dan mendokumentasikannya dengan cara mencatat dialog-dialog yang relevan dengan rumusan masalah seperti cinta tokoh Qays. Data-data yang sudah di dapatkan kemudian akan di analisis secara kualitatif naratif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari menganalisis cinta tokoh Qays dalam novel >Laylā Majnũn< karya Syekh Nizami menggunakan perspektif Erich Fromm yaitu cinta adalah jawaban dari keterpisahan dan kesendirian tokoh Qays. N2 - This study discusses how the love of the Qays character in the novel >Laylā Majnũn< by Syekh Nizami uses the perspective of Erich Fromm. The aim of this research is to describe the love of the Qays character in the novel >Laylā Majnũn< by Syekh Nizami; the perspective of Erich Fromm. For the purposes of such research, then the type of research used in this research is qualitative descriptive. The method of data collection used in this research is the study of libraries and documentation by the way researchers intensively read the source of data in the novel of >Laylā Majnũn< and documented it by recording dialogues that are relevant to the formulation of problems such as the love of Qays characters. The data that has been obtained will then be analyzed qualitatively narratively. The results obtained from analyzing the love of Qays character in the novel >Laylā Majnũn< by Syekh Nizami using Erich Fromm's perspective that love is the answer to the separation and loneliness of Qays' character. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Endi, Yohanes A1 - et al., T1 - Humanizing Digital Literature from the Moral View of Pancasila JF - International Journal of Science and Research, Vol. 11, No. 9 (2022), pp. 1014-1019. [Online ISSN 2319-7064] [ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR22924100124] N2 - The concept of Humanization was not born by itself. Problems that often occur in society, especially in today's modern era, highlight the dehumanization side. The emergence of information technologies, artificial intelligence, modern machines, and automation threatens human survival as a resource. Not to mention the mass media, advertisements, adsense on websites, online shops bring up a new culture in the realm of public consumption, especially for luxury goods. Moreover, society has a limited economic level, while the existence of these various technologies does not see the social levels in society anymore. The problem in this society is an example of dehumanization, namely the existence of humans who are isolated from themselves because their lives as humans have been made to depend on technology, so they cannot distinguish between their own wants and needs. Therefore, humanization is a solution to fight dehumanization. The methodology used in writing this paper uses an analytical approach to documentation approach and critical analysis according to Erich Fromm's humanist theory. Efforts and inculcation of Pancasila values in the process of humanization of digital literacy are the responsibility of digital media providers and digital media users. The collaboration between the two is the spearhead that is interrelated in growing awareness of digital literacy, especially in humanizing humans in harmony with the morals of Pancasila. Humanization of digital literacy is a way to humanize through learning about digital literacy that is good and right on social networks and cyberspace. By learning true digital literacy, people are enabled to have life skills that can help society. Therefore, the humanization of digital literacy is not only beneficial personally but also for the lives of social communities. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fitria, Ade Ratri A1 - et al., T1 - Perilaku Konsumtif Pada Mahasiswa Yang. Gemar Korean Hallyu [Consumptive Behavior in Students. Love Korean Hallyu] JF - Parade Riset Mahasiswa, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2023), pp. 81-94. [core.ac.uk/download/568377286.pdf] N2 - Meluasnya Kebudayaan Korea yang biasa disebut Korean Hallyu di Indonesia membuat banyak orang yang menjadi penggemar Kebudayaan tersebut. Mahasiswa yang menjadi penggemar Korean Hallyu biasanya sering membeli barang yang berkaitan dengan Korean Hallyu tanpa mempertimbangkan kegunaan atau manfaatnya biasanya disebut Perilaku Konsumtif. Perilaku konsumtif pada penggemar Korean Wave itu membuat setiap orang menjadi orang yang konsumtif dan boros karena hanya membeli barang yang bahkan sebenarnya tidak dibutuhkan. Dengan melibatkan sebanyak 103 Mahasiswa penggemar Korean Hallyu dilibatkan dalam penelitian, untuk mengetahui tingkat Perilaku Konsumtif pada penggemar Korean Hallyu. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data pada penelitian ini adalah Skala Perilaku Konsumtif. Data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Data Analisis Deskriptif. Hasil analisa yang didapatkan dalam penelitian Perilaku Konsumtif berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin mendapatkan nilai p (Probability) mendapatkan nilai 0.288. Disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada mahasiswsa berjenis kelamin Laki-laki dan Perempuan dalam Perilaku Konsumtif. Keterbatasan dalam penelitian ini hanya melakukan penelitian pada Mahasiswa, kedepannya melakukan penelitian ini kepada seluruh kalangan tidak hanya kepada Mahasiswa. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bayón, Ana A1 - et al., T1 - Dos generaciones en busca de psicoterapia [Two Generations in Search of Psychotherapy] JF - Revista de Psicoterapia, Vol. 32, No. 119 (2021), pp. 35-53. [Online ISSN 2339-7950] [doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v32i119.856] N2 - Los profesionales que llevan muchos años ejerciendo la psicoterapia, han podido ir comprobando cómo se iban produciendo cambios globales en el conjunto de las personas que solicitan iniciar una psicoterapia. Tales cambios afectan a la demanda terapéutica y a las características de las personas que a ella acuden. En el artículo se aborda la comparación entre dos generaciones, y de los solicitantes anteriores y posteriores al confinamiento pandémico, con la finalidad de comprender esos cambios y suscitar reflexiones para adaptar el propio modelo y estilo de trabajo a ellos. El trabajo se ha realizado a través de la comparación de las respuestas al cuestionario que rellena la persona que solicita terapia en un centro sanitario privado (en concreto el Instituto Erich Fromm de Psicoterapia Integradora Humanista de Barcelona). Para dicha comparación, se han tomado respuestas de 70 personas solicitantes de terapia en el último año y las de otras 70 personas que lo solicitaron 29 años antes, e igualmente de 35 personas que la solicitaron inmediatamente después de acabar el confinamiento. N2 - Professionals who have been practicing psychotherapy for many years have been able to see how global changes were taking place in all the people who request to start psychotherapy. Such changes affect the therapeutic demand and the characteristics of the people who come to it. The article deals with the comparison between two generations, and of the applicants before and after the pandemic confinement, in order to understand these changes and provoke reflections to adapt the own model and work style to them. The work has been carried out by comparing the responses to the questionnaire filled out by the person requesting therapy in a private health center (specifically the Erich Fromm Institute of Integrative Humanist Psychotherapy of Barcelona). For this comparison, responses have been taken from 70 people requesting therapy in the last year and those from another 70 people who requested it 29 years before, and also from 35 people who requested it immediately after ending the confinement. Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - García Argueta, Ana Flor A1 - et al., T1 - El tratamiento informative que le dio La Prensa Gráfica al tema de homicidios en las páginas noticiosas durante Noviembre de 2009 a Febrero de 2010, Thesis, Journalism, Journalism Department, Faculty of Sciences and Humanities, University of El Salvador, El Salvador 2010, 131+7 pp., Spanish. [repositorio.ues.edu.sv/server/api/core/bitstreams/bb406101-b9a4-44b5-9e28-b58466c55320/content] N2 - [Introduction] En el Salvador el tema de la violencia, específicamente los homicidios se han posicionado en los diferentes medios de comunicación y especialmente en las páginas noticiosas de La Prensa Gráfica, quienes le dan cobertura de principio a fin a estos sucesos. Es por ello que la presente indagación se centró, en el tratamiento periodístico que le dio La Prensa Gráfica al tema de homicidios, durante un periodo determinado. Además explica las características y evolución que presentó el fenómeno en el país. En la presente investigación de carácter cualitativo, se obtuvieron resultados que explicaron cómo fue tratado el fenómeno por este medio y sus comunicadores, pero eso no es todo, resulta más interesante conocer sobre el grado de manipulación existente en la notas que publica. En su primer capítulo, el documento explica cuál es el objeto de la investigación, brinda las pautas necesarias para comprender el fenómeno del tratamiento periodístico de la problemática (homicidios), también encontramos los objetivos, limitaciones y alcances del estudio. En este apartado se podrán encontrar también generalidades como el tipo de investigación y su delimitación espacio– temporal. En el capítulo II, se explican las consideraciones teórico conceptuales, se encuentran definidos aquellos estudios que por su importancia y grado de similitud podrían ser tomados en cuenta como antecedentes de esta investigación; de igual forma, la perspectiva desde la cual se abordó. También contiene el sistema de conceptos necesario para el análisis e interpretación de algunos aspectos del trabajo. En el capítulo III se encuentra la metodología, explica puntualmente el proceder que se siguió en este estudio: La teoría, las técnicas de obtención de datos y los procedimientos de análisis, entre otras cosas. Finalmente, en el cuarto capitulo está la exposición de resultados; esta es la parte más importante, ya que expone la evidencia recabada en la indagación, cumpliendo así los objetivos trazados. Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kühn, Thomas A1 - et al., T1 - New Normalcy? Consumption and identity between reproduction of social inequalities and social transformation in Brazil [Nova normalidade? Consumo e identidade entre reprodução de desigualdades sociais e transformação social no Brasil] JF - Revista Sociedade e Estado, Vol. 35, No. 3 (2020), pp. 787-813. [Online ISSN 1980-5462] [periodicos.unb.br/index.php/sociedade/article/view/34284/28222] N2 - The Covid-19 pandemic has been transforming economic, political and social realities into a so-called >new normalcy<. Learning to cope with this contingency requires (re)construction of people’s identity. In this study, we critically analyze the narratives of change and the consumption practices of Brazilians interviewed during the period of social distancing. We follow a critical social-psychological approach based on the works of Fromm, Rosa and Kühn. Our results show that the pandemic encourages people to reflect responsibly on their consumption, but also highlight how consumption contributes to the reproduction of social inequality, leading to polarizations within society. N2 - A pandemia do Covid-19 vem transformando realidades econômicas, políticas e sociais, numa chamada >nova normalidade<. Aprender a lidar com essa contingência requer (re)construção de identidade das pessoas. Neste estudo, analisamos criticamente as narrativas de mudança e as práticas de consumo de brasileiros entrevistados no período de distanciamento social. Para isso, utilizamos lentes teóricas de Fromm, Rosa e Kühn. Nossos resultados evidenciam que a pandemia estimula as pessoas a refletirem com responsabilidade sobre seu consumo, mas também destacam como o consumo contribui para a reprodução da desigualdade social, levando a polarizações dentro da sociedade. Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lijoi, Federico A1 - et al., T1 - Therapy and Conflict. Between Pragmatism and Psychoanalysis. Introduction to the Symposium JF - European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy, Vol 15, No. 2 (2023), pp. 1-8. [Online ISSN 2036-4091] [doi.org/10.4000/ejpap.3363] N2 - The history of the relationship between pragmatism and psychoanalysis is both complex and fragmentary. On the pragmatist side, the engagement with Sigmund Freud’s thought – and with the psychoanalytic tradition more generally – tends to be cursory, nonlinear, and at times slightly adversarial. For instance, William James notoriously rejects the unconscious as a concept and develops a different theory of the subconscious. Similarly, Charles S. Peirce frequently refers to the unconscious dimension of the mind, although he does so without referring to psychoanalysis. By contrast, both George Herbert Mead and John Dewey discuss the commonalities and differences between their own perspectives and the psychoanalytic one, but they fall short of doing so in detail. On the psychoanalytic side, the encounters are even more infrequent, with the exception of the pragmatist imprint in Harry Stack Sullivan’s work and the extensive references to William James in Carl Gustav Jung’s work. In some cases, pragmatists have been (wrongfully) accused by psychoanalysts of defending a naive – or at least overly optimistic – picture of the human condition. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Luban-Plozza, Boris A1 - et al., T1 - Musik und Psyche. Hören mit der Seele, Basel (Birkhäuser Verlag), 1988, 266 pp. Y1 - 1988 N1 - Ex libris Rainer Funk ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Luban-Plozza, Boris A1 - et al., T1 - Der Arzt als Arznei. Das therapeutische Bündnis mit dem Patienten, 6., neu bearbeitete Auflage, Köln (Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag), 1996, 200 pp. Y1 - 1996 N1 - Ex libris Rainer Funk ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Meadows, Denis A1 - et al., T1 - Die Grenzen des Wachstums. Bericht des Club of Rome zur Lage der Menschheit, Zürich (Buchclub Ex Libris), 1974, pp. 180. Y1 - 1974 N1 - Ex libris Rainer Funk ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Jian A1 - et al., T1 - Validation of existential fulfillment scale in Chinese university students JF - Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 15 (2025), pp. 1-11. [Online ISSN 1664-1078] [doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1497422] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Introduction: This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Existential Fulfillment Scale (EFS) in a Chinese university student sample, emphasizing the cultural fit of the scale. Methods: A cohort of 1,600 undergraduate students from six universities in Fujian Province completed questionnaires including the EFS, Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Index of Well-Being (IWB), and Self-Depression Scale (SDS). We conducted item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and assessments of criterion-related validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Results: The Chinese EFS consists of two dimensions – self-acceptance and self-breakthrough – across 14 items, reflecting cultural distinctions from the original model by combining the dimensions of self-actualization and self- transcendence. This revised structure aligns with Chinese cultural perspectives on individual growth, where self-actualization often integrates aspects of self-transcendence. The scale showed positive associations with the MLQ and IWB and a negative association with the SDS, supporting the scale’s criterion-related validity. Internal consistency ranged from 0.87 to 0.97, and test-retest reliability ranged from 0.75 to 0.83. Discussion: These findings indicate that the Chinese EFS is a reliable tool for assessing existential fulfillment among Chinese university students. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barth, Lena A1 - et al., T1 - Veiling and unveiling: Identity formation in young Muslim women living in Germany JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (No. 3, 2024), pp. 174-183. N2 - This qualitative study addresses the question of how a background of migration, nationalization, and globalization influences young Muslim women residing in Germany who form their identity and position themselves successfully in modern society. It includes 25 interviews with young Muslim women in the age group 18–25 years whose parents or grandparents migrated to Germany from Turkey. In terms of how their identity has evolved, the participants recount a mostly positive integration into German society, especially on a professional level, contrary to the negativity and devaluation often experienced within their Turkish family. This is a symptom of how Turkish and German society place different expectations on women, with an effect on the development of their identity as well as causing conflicting emotions, especially, for example, when it comes to religious matters such as deciding whether to wear a headscarf. The different personal and subjective motivations behind this are the result of Turkish-Islamic ideas clashing with Western secular thinking. These findings are psychoanalytically explained by suras on veiling in the Quran and the Lacanian dialectic of the symbolic and imaginary phallus. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Botero Bernal, Andrés A1 - et al., T1 - Hombre-organización. Apuntes desde Erich Fromm para comprender la producción de la subjetividad contemporánea] [Man-Organization: Notes from Erich Fromm to Understand the Production of Contemporary Subjectivity] JF - Revista Guillermo de Ockham, Vol. 23 (No. 1, 2025), pp. 145-156. [Online ISSN 2256-3202] [revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/GuillermoOckham/article/view/7046/5530] [doi.org/10.21500/22563202.7046] N2 - El hombre-organización es un concepto propuesto por Fromm, pero poco trabajado por él o por la teoría psicoanalítica en general; sin embargo, cuando se le interpreta en relación con el resto de la filosofía frommiana, cobra un sentido distinto al de ser una mera referencia en uno de sus ensayos. Por ello, la presente investigación, que parte del método bibliográfico- documental con enfoque hermenéutico, tiene por objetivo demostrar el modo en que dicho concepto se relaciona con el resto del proyecto del psicoanálisis social de Fromm. Para ello, el artículo se divide en tres partes: la primera desarrolla la idea del carácter destructivo y su vínculo con el hombre-organización; la segunda enlaza el mismo concepto con el síndrome de decadencia; y la tercera profundiza en la obediencia incondicional y la manera en que caracteriza el concepto en cuestión. Todo esto permite demostrar cómo el hombre-organi- zación puede ser comprendido como un tipo de subjetividad que surge entre el tránsito del capitalismo fordista tradicional a una nueva comprensión del ser humano como empresa de sí. N2 - Man-organization is a concept proposed by Fromm, but little worked on by him or by psychoanalytic theory in general; however, when interpreted about Fromm's philosophy, it takes on a meaning different from being a mere reference in one of his essays. Therefore, based on the bibliographical-documentary method with a hermeneutic approach, the present research aims to demonstrate how this concept relates to the rest of Fromm's project of social psychoanalysis. To this end, the article is divided into three parts: the first develops the idea of destructiveness and its link to the man-organization; the second links the same concept to the syndrome of decadence; and the third delves into unconditional obedience and how it characterizes the concept in question. All this makes it possible to show how man-organization can be understood as a type of subjectivity that emerges between the transition from traditional Fordist capitalism to a new understanding of the human being as an enterprise of the self. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Almeyda-Sarmiento, Juan David A1 - et al., T1 - El hombre-organizaci6n. Apuntes desde Erich Fromm para compren­der la producci6n de la subjetividad contemporanea. JF - Revista Guillermo de Ockham, 23 (No. 1), pp. 145-156. - https:/ / doi.org/ I 0.2 l 500/22563202.7046 N2 - El hombre-organización es un concepto propuesto por Fromm, pero poco trabajado por el o por la teoría psicoanalítica en general; sin embargo, cuando se le interpreta en relación con el resto de la filosofía frommiana, cobra un sentido distinto al de ser una mera referencia en uno de sus ensayos. Por ello, la presente investigación, que parte del método bibliográfico­documental con enfoque hermenéurico, tiene por objetivo demostrar el modo en que dicho concepto se relaciona con el resto del proyecto del psicoanálisis social de Fromm. Para ello, el artículo se divide en tres partes: la primera desarrolla la idea del carácter destructivo y su vínculo con el hombre-organización; la segunda enlaza el mismo concepto con el síndrome de decadencia; y la tercera profundiza en la obediencia incondicional y la manera en que caracteriza el concepto en cuestión. Todo esto permite demostrar como el hombre-organización puede ser comprendido como un tipo de subjetividad que surge entre el tránsito del capitalismo fordista tradicional a una nueva comprensión del ser humano como empresa de sí. N2 - Man-organization is a concept proposed by Fromm, but little worked on by him or by psychoanalytic theory in general; however, when interpreted about Fromm's philosophy, it takes on a meaning different from being a mere reference in one of his essays. Therefore, based on the bibliographical-documentary method with a hermeneutic approach, the present research aims to demonstrate how this concept relates to the rest of Fromm's project of social psychoanalysis. To this end, the article is divided into three parts: the first develops the idea of destructiveness and its link to the man-organization; the second links the same concept to the syndrome of decadence; and the third delves into unconditional obedience and how it characterizes the concept in question. All this makes it possible to show how man-organization can be understood as a type of subjectivity that emerges between the transition from traditional Fordist capitalism to a new understanding of the human being as an enterprise of the self. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deptula, Adrianna A1 - et al., T1 - Rhetorics of Authenticity: Ethics, Ethos, and Artificial Intelligence JF - Journal of Business and Technical Communication, Vol. 39 (No. 1, 2025), pp. 51-74. [Online ISSN 1552-4574] [doi.org/10.1177/10506519241280639] N2 - This article examines issues of authenticity involved in using generative AI to compose technical and professional communication (TPC) documents. Authenticity is defined through an Aristotelian understanding of ethos, which includes goodwill (eunoia), practical wisdom (phronesis), virtuousness (arete), and Fromm's concepts of true self and pseudo self. The authors conducted an initial analysis of AI affordances that align with TPC concerns – genre, plain language, and grammatical/mechanical correctness. The preliminary results show that these affordances may be limited by issues of inauthenticity. The authors suggest that in order to address AI's limitations, writers should adopt a rhetoric of authenticity via real-world engagement, human centeredness, and personal style. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zyl, J. A. von A1 - et al, T1 - Comparison of conventional and newer methods of immunosuppression in Baboon renal allotransplants JF - C. R. Carpenter (Ed.) Neurology, Physiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel and New York (S. Karger) 1969, pp. 129-137. Y1 - 1969 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Held, Josef A1 - et al, T1 - Druck und Gesundheit aus der Sicht von Psychotherapeut/Innen JF - Josef Held et. al., Was bewegt junge Menschen? Lebensführung und solidarisches Handeln junger Beschäftiger im Dienstleistungbereich, Wiesbaden (VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften) 2011, pp. 303-326. Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marshall, Randall D. A1 - et al., Marshall T1 - Assessing Outcome in Psychoanalysis and Long-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 24 (1996), pp. 575-604. Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Yanxuan A1 - et.al., T1 - The Psychological Dilemma of College Students' Career Selection – An Analysis according to the Psychological Mechanism of >Escape from Freedom< [>逃避自由<心理机制下大学生择业心理困境] JF - Modern Communication [现代交际], No. 10 (2021), pp. 150-152. N2 - 我国经济进入新常态发展阶段,经济产业结构正处于优化升级的转型机遇期,就业呈现出严峻态势。市场经济日益完善、经济全球化和网络信息化的社会背景加剧了大学生的择业心理困境。以弗洛姆的>逃避自由<学说为理论背景分析当代大学生在择业过程中的心理变化,以及由此而产生的从众心理、焦虑心理、自卑心理和依赖心理,把握问题的关键,可以从加强主体引导、重视心理辅导和完善就业机制等方面着手帮助大学生克服择业心理困境。 N2 - China's economy has entered into a new normal development stage, and the economic and industrial structure is in the transformation opportunity period of optimization and upgrading, and the employment situation is severe. The psychological dilemma of college students' career choice has been aggravated by the increasing improvement of market economy, economic globalization and network informationization. Taking Fromm's >escape from freedom< theory as the theoretical background, we analyze the psychological changes of contemporary college students in the process of career selection and the resulting herd mentality, anxiety mentality, inferiority mentality and dependence mentality, so as to grasp the key of the problem and help them overcome the psychological dilemma of career selection by strengthening the guidance of the main body, attaching importance to psychological counseling and improving the employment mechanism. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2021] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Frankenberger, Rolf A1 - et al., . T1 - Politische Psychologie und Politische Bildung. Gerd Meyer zum 65. Geburtstag, Schwalbach (Wichenschau-Verlag) 2007. Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Decker, Oliver A1 - et al, T1 - Economic Prosperity as >Narcissistic Filling<: A Missing Link Between Political Attitudes and Right-wing Authoritarianism JF - International Journal of Conflict and Violence, Vol. 7, pp. 135-149. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hein, Svenja A1 - et al, T1 - US-amerikanische Psychiatriegeschichte im Spiegel des Romans >I Never Promised You A Rose Garden< von Joanne Greenberg JF - D. Groß et al. (Eds.), Medizingeschichte in Schlaglichtern. Beiträge des >Rheinischen Kreises der Medizinhistoriker<, Kassel (kassel university press) 2010, pp. 303-328. Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hillery et al., George A. T1 - Toward a Sociology of Freedom JF - Social Forces, Vol. 55, No. 3 (Mar. 1977), pp. 685-700. N2 - Few sociologists have investigated, systematically and empirically, the concept of freedom, as such. In this paper, freedom is explored as it is viewed and experienced by people rather than as a philosophical construct. Three dimensions of freedom are identified: ego, discipline, and conditional. These types of freedom are examined in six types of groups and in relation to feelings of loss of freedom. Finally, we approach a theory of freedom, its dimensions, and the manner in which it is experienced by actors. Y1 - 1977 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Wenxin A1 - et al, T1 - The Formation and Consolidation of Scientific Paradigm in American Psychology after World War II: Analysis Based on Social Character [二战之后美国心理学科学主义范式的形成与巩固——基于社会性格的分析] JF - Acta Psychologica Sinica [心理学报], No. 10 (2023), pp. 1729-1744. [Print ISSN 0439-755X] [doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1041.2023.01729] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] The flourish development of scientific psychology in America was often understood as the necessary subsequence of the evolution of intellectual history in psychology, in which psychology separated itself from philosophy and gradually found its own scientific methods during the past centuries. However, as one of categories of culture, the history of psychology could not be understood without the considering of societies and people who live in it. According to Fromm’s social psychological studies, social change may form the social character of a given society, and the social character will initiate new thoughts or ideas which constitutes new culture and ideology. This new kind of culture and ideology will be easy to be accepted by the society, and solidify its social character in turn. So it will be interesting if we explore the process in which psychology in America committed to scientism from the perspective of social change and social character after World War II. There were a lot of changes after World War II in America society in terms of politics, economics, industrial structure, population, education, and belief. On the material level, America reached the so-called advanced industrial society and consumer society. On the mental level, the worship of knowledge gradually replaced the worship of god in America society. These changes formed the social character of America after World War II through pragmatism and individualism that were parts of American culture. The key trait of this kind of social character are one-dimensionality, pursuing of instrumental rationality, and individual priority. What this kind of social character looking forward in terms of psychology as a part of culture and ideology is the disenchantment of inner world, or we can say the secularization of mind, which will offer some kind of certainty for the working of American society.– World War II promoted the development of psychology on general, and also left abundant of problems for America society, such as psychic trauma of veteran, the need for mental health, how to avoid the reviving of totalitarianism, how the collective affect the behavior of individual, and how to train more scientists, professors, and engineers for America and finally win the competition with Soviet Union. All these needs from society led to the boom of clinical psychology, social psychology, developmental and educational psychology, and psychometrics in America. Not only the numbers of APA members and journals, but also the number of PHD in American psychology surged during three decades after World War II. The schools of psychology in America also changed during that time. New behaviorism declined after Hull and Skinner’s time due to its neglect of psyche. Psychoanalysis used to affect American psychology and evolved to ego psychology which could be seen as the product of Americanization. However, psychoanalysis was finally marginalized by scientific psychology in America because of the rise of evidence based medicine. The Third Force Psychology once made a noise in America, but it finally faded due to its attempt to connect psychology and philosophy again, and its complicated methods. It was cognitive psychology that became most popular and the main paradigm of American psychology. In a nutshell, the history of American psychology expressed its social character after World War II which called for the secularization of mind. The scientific psychology in America also plays its ideological role in maintaining the efficient work of American society in turn. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rizqy Ramadhan, Puja A1 - et al, T1 - Dehumanization of Village Financial Management: Erich Fromm's Perspective Accounting Reconstruction JF - International Journal of Humanities Education and Social Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 5 (2023), pp. 1638-1646. [Online ISSN: 2808-1765] [ijhess.com/index.php/ijhess/article/view/465/388] N2 - This study aims to reconstruct village financial management using modernity vis a dehumanization perspective. This study uses primary data obtained from observations and interviews with informants. The research approach used is a qualitative method. The research paradigm uses the paradigm of criticism with data collection procedures, data presentation, data reduction and conclusion/verification. The results showed that the modernization and digitization of financial management in Klambir V Kebun Village had an impact on social relations in the community, which became less harmonious. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out an accounting reconstruction based on modernity vis a vis dehumanizaton perspective that is relevant to be carried out in Klambir V Kebun Village. Y1 - 2023 ER -