TY - JOUR A1 - Johahs, Helmuts T1 - Ērihs Fromms - biogrāfiski idejvēsturisks ievads JF - I. Suvajevs (Ed.), Begsana no brivibas? Erihs Fromms un Latjija, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 3-17. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jiménez Avello, José T1 - >Alba sleeps for herself; Alba dreams for me<. The traumatolytic potential of dreams JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 1, 2014), pp. 11-17. N2 - In Ferenczi's view, dreams have a traumatolytic function that is anterior to and more primary than the wish-fulfilment function considered by Freud. This view is influenced by a number of metapsychological conceptions that occasionally are quite different from Freud's approach, especially as regards the economical and topical points of view, which Ferenczi clearly set apart in posthumous works. In these conceptions, he >dismisses< pondering a so-called death instinct and advancing towards the notion of an unconscious other than repressed. Otherwise, as Ferenczi considers that in dreams there is an >optimistic counterfeit,< the present article reflects on how to overcome this hypomanic solution in order to turn the traumatolytic potential of dream into a fully therapeutic function. A dream taken from a film is used to illustrate Ferenczi's point of view. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jimenez, Luis T1 - Intergenerational traumatic transmission of aspects of masculinities through shame and embarrassment among unemployed young men and their fathers JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 3, 2014), pp. 151-160. N2 - This paper explores psychosocially the intergenerational transmission of aspects of working-class masculinities through the shaming, embarrassment, and bullying of young unemployed men, when faced with taking up service work they describe as >embarrassing< and >feminine.< The context is the closure of a steelworks in a town in the South Wales valleys, in which the men's resistance to service work is mediated by father–son relationships that dictate what counts as proper manly work. In this study, young men, as well as their mothers and (where possible) their fathers, were interviewed. The interviews reveal a community suffering the effects of intergenerational trauma and riven with complex feelings about masculinity and femininity. These feelings are projected onto the young men, who feel bullied and shamed by their families, peers, and others in the community because they are unable to find gender-appropriate work. The implications of these findings for understandings of youth male unemployment are considered. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Siwen T1 - Castle in the >Flowers of Evi< – Interpretation of >The Fall of the House of Usher< in Psychoanalytic Perspective [古堡中的>恶之花<——以精神分析视角解读《厄谢府的倒塌》][application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Intelligence [才智], No. 8 (2014), p. 282. N2 - 《厄谢府的倒塌》讲述了主人公罗德里克活埋妹妹最终被破棺而出的妹妹惊吓而死的离奇故事,罗德里克自我异化、乱伦心理和恋尸癖极具精神分析研究价值。本文借用拉康的>镜像阶段>理论、弗洛伊德的精神分析美学、弗洛姆对恋尸癖的界说等理论、,描摹出爱伦•坡笔下的罗德里克经历的由自恋到恋物最终畸变为恋尸的心理演变过程。 N2 - >The Fall of the House of Usher< , tells the story of the hero buried alive Roderick sister eventually break out of the coffin sister scared to death of bizarre story, Roderick self-alienation, incest and necrophilia great psychological spirit analysis of value. In this paper, Lacan borrowed >mirror stage< theory, Freud's psychoanalytic aesthetics, Fromm necrophilia definition theory portray Poe described by Roderick experienced by narcissism psychological aberrations to fetish final evolution of necrophilia. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holm, Kari A1 - et al., T1 - Institutt for Psykoterapi: background and developments of the Institute for Psychotherapy in Norway JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 119-126. N2 - The Institutt for Psykoterapi is a nationwide training institution offering postgraduate studies in psychoanalytic psychotherapy for physicians and psychologists. It is also a membership society aiming at safeguarding and disseminating the psychoanalytically oriented perspective in mental health care. The Institute was founded in October 1962 as a result of cooperation between the psychologists Einar Dannevig and Per Mentzen and the psychiatrist Endre Ugelstad. At that time, the only systematic training in psychotherapy for physicians and psychologists in this country was provided by the Norwegian Psychoanalytic Society. The training took place in Oslo alone, the teaching capacity was limited, and only psychoanalysis was taught. It is a demanding form of treatment that many patients with mental disorders are unable to carry through. The great majority of patients in institutions needed other forms of psychotherapy, but there was at that time no systematic training for this purpose. In a letter of recommendation for the foundation, Harald Schjelderup, professor of psychology, described the prevailing poor conditions for training in psychotherapy: >Training in psychotherapy in our country has been both sparse and poorly organized. There is no institution at the moment which can offer physicians and psychologists a sufficient basis for an independent practice of depth psychologically oriented psychotherapy for adults. Neither does it appear that any of the existing institutions will be able to take on this task for a long time to come.< Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffmann, Klaus T1 - 50 years of IFPS societies in Switzerland: Psychoanalytic approaches with severely disturbed patients and philosophical contributions to the international psychoanalytic discussion JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 80-84. N2 - The Swiss member societies of the International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies, namely the two existential analytic societies and the Institute of Psychoanalysis in Kreuzlingen, have always stressed the philosophical foundation of psychoanalysis as psychoanalytic approaches with severely disturbed and psychotic patients. The colleagues working in these institutes have often cooperated very closely with analysts from the International Psychoanalytical Association. This paper stresses the important contributions for inpatient psychoanalytic approaches. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Heni, Clemens T1 - Erich Fromm gegen Israel T3 - C. Heni: Kritische Theorie und Israel: Max Horkheimer und Judith Butler im Kontext von Judentum, Binationalismus und Zionismus (Studien zum Nahen Osten, Band 2), Berlin (Edition Critic) 2014, pp. 136-138. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - He, Linan T1 - Road to Freedom – Understanding of >Saturday Night and Sunday Morning< with Fromm’s Freedom Concept [自由之路 - 弗洛姆自由观下的《星期六的晚上和星期天的早上》之解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Autonomous Inner Mongolia Region, China 2014. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 本文将以阿兰•西利托小说《星期六的晚上和星期天的早晨》为例,对20世纪英国50年代的工人阶级青年人在追求自由的过程中遭遇的困境做出系统的分析,并试图找到他们追求积极自由的可行性道路。本文以埃利•希弗洛姆关于人性的精神分析理论以及主人公亚瑟的精神转变为参照,试图对亚瑟—《星期六的晚上和星期日的早上》的主人公,同时也是愤怒的青年的代表人物所追寻的自由进行分析。首先试图对主人公亚瑟在追求激进自由,也就是消极自由时所表现出来的叛逆行为和散漫的生活以及由其追求的消极自由所带来的异化进行分析,进而揭示其偏激自由观的本质。在这一阶段,本论文试图从亚瑟对社会制度和传统道德的反叛行为入手进而得出亚瑟对过激自由的执着追求是受到了社会压力,工人阶级的生活压力以及本人的不健全性格等多重合力的影响而造成的结果。从以上的论述和分析中我们可以得出结论,亚瑟所奉行的偏激自由思想正如弗洛姆在其理论中描绘的所谓>消极自由<,这种自由在表面上似乎带给了他无尽享受与轻松,但实质上带给他更多的空虚与孤独。因此,任何只求轻松而逃避责任并力图疏离于人际纽带之外的偏激自由都是消极自由。与消极自由不同的是,积极自由可以带给人们一种真正的自我和归属感。因而只有通过回归真实的生活,勇于担当,构筑起人与人之间的和谐纽带,现代人才有可能踏上通往追求真正的自由之路 N2 - Taking Alan Sillitoe’s first novel Saturday Night and Sunday Morning as a case, this thesis aims to make a more systematic exploration of the dilemma caught by the young men from the working class in pursuing freedom in the1950s in Britain and to explore practicable approaches to the pursuit of their >positive freedom<. Specifically, based on a detailed study of the protagonist Arthur’s spiritual evolution, and from the perspective of Erich Fromm’s psychoanalytic theory of freedom, the present thesis attempts to analyze the freedom quested by the >Angry Young Men< represented by Arthur, the protagonist of Saturday Night and Sunday Morning. - At first it analyzes Arthur’s rebellious behavior and loose life on his road to pursue radical freedom—>negative freedom< and the alienation that goes with his freedom. Then it probes into the roots of his anti-traditional values and the distorted sense of freedom. At this stage the thesis firstly explores the essence of Arthur’s problematical attempts to achieve freedom which includes Arthur’s rebellion against social institutions and traditional morality. Then the thesis explains the possible reasons for Arthur’s pursuit of radical freedom, namely, the social forces of the society, the working class’s stress as well as Arthur’s insane personality. Based on the above analysis we can conclude that >negative freedom< – the radical stance on freedom which Arthur has advocated and practiced only generates emptiness, loneliness and alienation instead of ease and enjoyment. Therefore, any freedom achieved by freeing oneself from burdens and connections with others is >negative freedom<. Different from >negative freedom<, >positive freedom< can bring a sense of true self and a sense of belongings. Only by returning to the real world and establishing harmonious human connections by love as well as being responsible to oneself and others can people of the modern era set foot on the road to true freedom. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harris, Adrienne T1 - Review Friedman, L. J.: The Lives of Erich Fromm: Love's Prophet JF - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, Vol. 62 (No. 3, 2014), pp. 503-519. [doi: 10.1177/0003065114536613] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guo, Kejing T1 - Social Media Users' Self-positioning Research [社会化媒体用户的>自我定位<研究] N2 - 社会化媒体是被世界各国都极为重视的新媒体形态。美国总统奥巴马在大选的过程中对社会化媒体的运用,证明了社会化媒体已成功改变人类关注世界的习惯。本文从社会化媒体用户互动行为中的>关注模式<和>对话模式<入手,并结合精神分析心理学家艾里希•弗洛姆提出的定位坐标系需求,对以微博为代表的六类用户深入研究,分析用户如何利用社会化媒体进行>自我定位<。 N2 - Social media is a very important country in the world of new media forms. US President Barack Obama's use of social media during the election proved that social media has been successfully used to change the world of human concern. From the social media user interaction behavior >concern Mode< and >dialogue model< to start, combined with location coordinates psychoanalytic psychologist Erich Fromm demands made of micro-Bo as the representative of six class of users in-depth study to analyze how users use social media >self-orientation.< [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gunderson, Ryan T1 - The First-generation Frankfurt School on the Animal Question. Foundations for a Normative Sociological Animal Studies JF - Sociological Perspectives, Vol. 57 (No. 3, September 2014), pp. 285-300. N2 - Well before the now flourishing field of animal studies, the thinkers associated with Frankfurt, Germany’s Institute of Social Research theorized and problematized society’s troubling relationship with animals. Early critical theory explored the various manifestations of >unrelenting exploitation< animals have experienced in human societies and maintained that the domination of animals is intimately linked to the domination of human beings, especially of women and racial and ethnic minorities. They criticized Western thought for instrumentalist attitudes toward animals and were committed to extending compassion to animals. Max Horkheimer, Theodor W. Adorno, and Herbert Marcuse mount four challenges to sociologists today: (1) to unmask the shared forms of domination experienced by both animals and marginalized human beings, (2) for environmental sociologists to make animals a principle subject of investigation, (3) for sociological animal studies scholars to engage with philosophy, and (4) to adopt a critical and normative sociological perspective when studying human–animal relations. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gunderson, Ryan T1 - Erich Fromm's Ecological Messianism: The First Biophilia Hypothesis as Humanistic Social Theory JF - Humanity and Society, Vol. 38 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 182-204. N2 - Revisiting Erich Fromm’s works provides a theoretical foundation for a comprehensive and normative theory of human–nature relations that contains psychical, social, economic, and ethical components. Fromm’s system of thought was rooted in understanding humanity’s effort to establish meaningful relations with the natural world and how socioeconomic systems mediate this endeavor. His normative theory maintained that society must develop a nondestructive relationship with the environment by fostering and perfecting the human potentiality of biophilia—a thorough love of living beings. He argued that biophilia will not become the prevailing character structure until society is capable of meeting three prerequisites for human flourishing: security, justice, and freedom. Because Fromm’s social–ecological and ethical insights were partially rooted in humanism and Talmudic studies, he forces environmental scholars to rethink the Judeo-Christian and humanistic traditions, two pillars of Western thought often criticized in environmental literature. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guasto, Gianni T1 - Trauma and the loss of basic trust JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 1, 2014), pp. 44-49. N2 - Ferenczi's discovery of trauma was labelled by Freud as a return >to errors< that he himself upheld he had committed before 1897. During the dramatic period running from the Wiesbaden Congress (September 1932) to Ferenczi's death (May 1933), Freud wrote to numerous correspondents (among them Jones, Eitingon, and his daughter Anna) complaining that Ferenczi's latest theoretical elaboration corresponded to a simple return to the origin of psychoanalysis and was also a symptom of a serious psychosis. The theme of this paper is that Freud's opinion concerning Ferenczi's concept of trauma is a result of misunderstanding: the trauma as described by Ferenczi is not the one that preceded (in Freud's theory) the desertion of the seduction theory, but is something that is much deeper and mortifying, where the sexuality role is less central. The author pauses to ponder and reflect on the importance of the concept of Erschütterung as a cause in losing basic trust, a perspective that moves far from Freudian sex-centrism that puts psychoanalysis face to face with the sufferings of the victims of extreme trauma. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Graybow, Scott T1 - Putting social theory into clinical practice: Incorporating Fromm's theory of 'social character' into a traditional psychodynamic treatment JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 33-39. N2 - This paper explores the possibility that consideration of Fromm's social character is relevant not only to an improved understanding of the collective unconscious of an entire community, but also to the clinical practice of psychodynamic psychotherapy with individuals. In doing so it attempts to extend Fromm's ideas about the intersectionality of psychoanalysis and sociology beyond the realm of social theory. The paper centers around the description of the psychodynamic treatment of an adult female whose psychological problems are thought to be partly the result of her social character, which was internalized during her formative years but whose impact remains apparent in light of her choice of ego defenses and general way of relating to and understanding the world. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e18/2014e Y1 - 2014 VL - e18/2014e ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gounari, Panayota T1 - Neoliberalism as Social Necrophilia: The Case of Greece JF - Truthout (March 21, 2014 - http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/22584). Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gounari, Panayota T1 - Neoliberalism as Social Necrophilia: Erich Fromm and the Politics of Hopelessness in Greece JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. 187-201. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gonzalez-Torres, Miguel Angel A1 - Fernandez-Rivas, Aranzazu T1 - Some reflections on nationalism, identity and sexuality JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 3, 2014), pp. 135-143. N2 - An individual's identity is gradually built upon a lifelong process of maturation. Sexual life and how our desire is channeled and expressed represent a key area of that global identity. Also, the nation to which we feel we belong constitutes another cornerstone of that complex structure. The obvious attraction that nationalism awakens in many parts of the world might be related to the facilitation of a valuable identity acquired by just belonging to a idealized group instead of through a tiresome and continuous effort. In this process, >others< are chosen by us to establish comparisons with our tribe, helping us through a mirroring process to shape our own image. We project upon those >others< all kinds of undesirable traits. Those attributions tend to be very similar, regardless of which specific groups are involved. The >others< are always lazy, dishonest, untrustworthy, dirty (…). Interestingly, there are a specific set of >positive< attributions that are almost always present: the >others,< and specifically the men in that group, are sexually more potent, attractive, or able. This contradictory image of the >other< can help us to understand the complex dynamics, at the individual and group levels, that are present in radical nationalist movements, and to open up new fields of inquiry and exploration in which psychoanalytic theory can offer guidance. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gojman de Millán, Sonia T1 - Development of Latin-American Societies in the IFPS JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 104-110. N2 - The International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) was created to achieve an open, plural spirit, not constrained by any single psychoanalytic theory, such that one of its main aims was to >avoid the bureaucratization of its theory.< The IFPS did not intend to turn its back on the statements of early psychoanalysis; instead, it sought to use them as a basis for proposing and developing the theory of psychoanalysis. These same aims and origins served as an inspiration for each of the Latin-American societies that would gain affiliation to IFPS over the years. The Sociedad Psicoanalítica Mexicana AC, under the guidance and representation of Erich Fromm, played a central role in the creation of the IFPS. A brief account of the participation, affiliation, and development of each of the six affiliated Latin-American Societies – from Mexico, Brazil, and Chile – and one Study Group in Argentina will be described. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ginieri-Coccossis, Maria A1 - Vaslamatzis, Grigoris T1 - Truths, Reveries, Internal Moments of Meeting: Reflections on the dialectics of the analytic relationship JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 3, 2014), pp. 171-182. N2 - Conceptualizing intersecting psychical dynamics taking place within the analytic relationship, the concept of truth is considered as an integral element of the patient's unrepresented, subjective self-experiences, particularly in respect to traumatic aspects. Truth is also conceptualized as a process of exploration of traumatic elements emerging dynamically in the context of transference. During such processes, it is possible that the patient's traumatic truth may collide with certain aspects of the analyst's mental life affecting deeply his/her phantasy and stirring strong feelings and representations of traumatic self-experiences of personal and subjective meaning. These instances are vital intersubjective aspects of the analytic relationship. They facilitate the exploration of the patient's unconscious inner truth and are signified as internal moments of meeting, emphasizing a psychical interchange between the analytic dyad and creation of a mental-cradle, a space for exploring and representing the patient's traumatic self-experiences. Clinical material is provided from the psychotherapy of a young woman with borderline psychopathology and unrepresented traumatic parental loss and migration. Discussion brings together basic theoretical conceptions regarding dynamic, joint mental functions of transference and countertransference and indicates the utility of actualizing disturbing countertransference experiences and the analyst's personal recourses and subjectivity for the exploration of the patient's truth. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Genter, R. T1 - Review Friedman, L. J.: The Lives of Erich Fromm: Love's Prophet: Rediscovering Erich Fromm JF - Reviews in American History, Vol. 42 (No. 1, 2014), pp. 140-45. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Qun T1 - The Alienation of Characters in Donald Barthelme’s >Snow White< [《白雪公主后传》中人物的异化], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Qufu Normal University, Qufu and Rizhao, Shandong, China 2014. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 唐纳德•巴塞尔姆是20世纪美国著名的后现代主义作家,在其写作生涯中创作大量的小说。他的小说描写许多畸形变态、丧失人格的人物,揭露当代社会问题,笔锋触及当代资本主义社会的核心问题:人的异化。作为巴塞尔姆的代表作,《白雪公主后传》戏仿经典格林童话《白雪公主与七个小矮人》,其中的人物都不同程度发生了异化。这部小说深受读者和文学评论家青睐,前期研究主要从后现代特征、女性主义等角度对其进行分析,但很少有研究分析小说中人物的异化,并探究异化产生的原因。本论文运用美国当代著名精神分析学家、西方马克思主义法兰克福学派重要代表人物埃里希•弗洛姆的相关异化观点,论述巴塞尔姆的小说《白雪公主后传》中人的自我异化,人与人之间的异化以及人与社会的异化,并探索造成小说中人物异化的原因。弗洛姆继承发展弗洛伊德和马克思的相关理论,对当代资本主义社会的异化做了新的诠释。他认为,异化是人们的一种心理体验,是人类发展过程中不可避免的现象,其根源主要在于人存在的两歧性、人的逃避自由心理机制和人的社会性格。本论文共分为六章。第一章简要介绍唐纳德•巴塞尔姆的主要人生经历和《白雪公主后传》的主要内容,并论述本文的研究背景和目的。第二章为文献综述和理论基础。文献综述回顾国内外对《白雪公主后传》的研究和评价。理论基础部分介绍异化概念的发展历程及弗洛姆的有关异化的观点。通过分析发现异化主要体现为人的异化,即人的自我异化,人与人的异化以及人与社会的异化,这与巴塞尔姆在《白雪公主后传》中表现的人物异化一致。第三章通过弗洛姆有关人存在的两歧性的观点主要探讨小说中人物的自我异化,指出人类存在所固有的矛盾是人的自我异化的内在原因。本章主要通过分析白雪公主、保罗、七个矮人的性格特点,得出他们的自我异化是由自身的生存两歧性造成的。通过这一角度的分析论述,有助于深入了解人的自我异化的根源,并为理解人类社会发展过程中人的异化找到了新的突破点。第四章通过弗洛姆有关人在逃避自由时的心理机制的重点分析人物之间的异化,探讨人与人之间异化产生的根源。本章从家庭成员、朋友和其他人物三方面揭露人与人之间的异化。《白雪公主后传》中家庭成员之间的异化主要体现在白雪公主与七个矮人之间缺少相互关爱和信任,朋友之间的异化体现在保罗与七个矮人以及简与白雪公主之间复杂扭曲的友情。人们之间的异化主要是由人在逃避自由时产生的虐待、受虐、破坏和迎合的心理倾向导致的。运用逃避自由的心理机制来分析人物之间的异化,更进一步拓展了探索人类异化根源的方法和依据。第五章从弗洛姆的社会性格概念出发,主要分析人与社会的异化,深入剖析人与社会异化的原因。本章主要通过论述人与社会机构的关系:白雪公主与学校、比尔与法院、总统与国家制度之间的异化,指出社会机构缺乏社会和道德责任感,得出人的社会性格和资本主义制度的社会背景造成了人与社会之间关系的异化。通过对当代资本主义社会性格和社会背景来分析小说中人的社会异化,为全面把握人的异化的原因提供了借鉴,有助于我们更好地了解人类社会发展过程中的问题,预防人类异化的产生,使社会健康发展。第六章是论文的结论部分。首先,总结《白雪公主后传》中的人物的异化及其产生的原因,强调运用弗洛姆的相关理论对该小说进行解读的意义。其次,指出本论文的不足,由于学术水平和资料有限,本研究尚不够系统深入,有待完善。最后,展望今后的研究趋势。 N2 - Donald Barthelme is a distinguished American postmodernist in the 20thcentury, who creates lots of novels in his whole life. His novels depict a number of abnormal figures who lose personality and reveal contemporary social problems. His mighty pen has touched upon the essential problem of the contemporary capitalist society: human alienation. As Barthelme’s representative work, >Snow White< is a parody of the classical fairy tale of >Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs< by Grimm. Characters in Barthelme’s >Snow White< are alienated in some degree. This novel is highly praised by readers and literary critics, and the former studies, however, mainly analyze it from views of postmodern features, feminism, etc. While, there are few studies on people’s alienation in the novel and the causes behind the alienation. This thesis tends to apply the related views on alienation of Erich Fromm who is a famous American psychoanalyst and an important representative of the Frankfurt School of Western Marxism, discusses the characters’ >self-alienation<, >interpersonal alienation< and >social alienation< in >Snow White<, and probes into the causes of the alienation. Fromm inherits and develops related theory of Freud and Marx, and expounds the alienation in the contemporary capitalist society. He believes that alienation is a mode of psychological experiment, and it is inevitable during the process of human development, and the roots of alienation mainly lie in human nature’s discrepancy, people’s psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom and the social character of people. This thesis is divided into six chapters. - Chapter One chiefly introduces Donald Barthelme’s life experience and the main content of his >Snow White<, and illustrates the background and purpose of the study. Chapter Two is about literature review and theoretical basis. Literature review refers to studies and criticism on >Snow White< at home and abroad. The part of theoretical basis mainly expounds the origin and development of the concept of alienation, and generalizes Fromm’s view on alienation. This chapter points that the alienation is chiefly embodied in human alienation which includes people’s self-alienation, interpersonal alienation and social alienation, and this agrees with the alienation of characters reflected in >Snow White<. - Chapter Three mainly explores self-alienation of the main characters in >Snow White< according to Fromm’s opinion of human nature’s discrepancy, and concludes that human’s inherent contradictions are the internal causes of people’s self-alienation. This chapter mainly analyzes the natures and features of >Snow White, Paul and the Seven Dwarfs< and points that the self-alienation of the characters are leaded to by their discrepancy of existence. Analyzing from this aspect helps make clear the roots of human alienation and discover a new way to understand the human alienation during the process of human development. - Chapter Four mainly analyzes interpersonal alienation among characters based on Fromm’s view on psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom, and explores the causes of the alienation. This chapter discloses the interpersonal alienation among family members, friends and other characters. The alienation in the family is reflected in that there is no mutual care and trust and the alienation among friends is mainly embodied in the complicated and distorted relationship between Paul and Seven Dwarves, Jane and Snow White. Finally, this chapter indicates that the interpersonal alienation is brought about by the psychological tendencies of abuse, abused, destructiveness and automaton conformity. It provides evidence for further exploration of the causes of human alienation by means of the psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom. - Chapter Five principally analyzes the social alienation of the characters from Fromm’s concept of >Social Character< deeply analyze the causes of people’s social alienation. This chapter chiefly illustrates the relationship between characters and social institutions: Snow White and school, Bill and court, and the President and national system, figures out that the social institutions are devoid of social responsibility and sense of morality. And this chapter arrives at that the unproductive social character of people and the social background of capitalist system are the main causes of the alienation. Analyzing people’s social alienation from this aspect offers reference for fully understanding the causes of human alienation, and in the meanwhile, it is beneficial to better understand the development of human society in order to build a sound society. - Chapter Six is conclusion of the thesis. Firstly, it summarizes the alienation of the characters in >Snow White< and the causes of the alienation, stresses the significance of analyzing this novel through Fromm’s related theory. Secondly, this chapter points out that there are limitations of this study because of academic depth and limited materials, this study is not systemic or profound enough and it needs improvement. At last, there are predictions of the trend of further study. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Lu T1 - New Exploration on Marx’s Theory of >Whole Person< [马克思>完整的人<理论新探], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China 2014. N2 - 追溯历史长河,>人<的发展始终是各派哲学探索的重要内容。自人类诞生以来,随着社会历史的不断发展,人对自身发展的渴求不断增强。与此同时,哲学家们为实现人的合理存在价值而不断探索>完整的人<的积极涵义。马克思一生始终关注人的现实生存及人的理想发展问题,其哲学中蕴涵着丰富的人学宝藏。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,他首次提出>完整的人<理论以及>人的全面发展<思想,在马克思主义思想体系中占有极其重要的地位,对解决当今社会人的发展问题具有跨时代的指导意义。本文以>完整的人<为理论基线,以其概念提出的历史语境、影响、理想与现实终极目标及人的自由全面发展为主要内容,遵循逻辑与历史相统一、理论与现实相结合的原则展开研究。通过对相关历史语境进行阐述,以四个历史阶段为代表,捋顺人的追求的发展脉络,为马克思>完整的人<理论研究进行铺垫。针对>完整的人<概念的提出和基本内容做概括论述,其中以法兰克福学派代表人物马尔库塞、弗洛姆,以及存在主义代表人物萨特哲学中的人学思想,与马克思>完整的人<理论对比解读,更清晰、明确马克思>完整的人<概念。最后试图对马克思>完整的人<的理想与现实进行分析研究,从>异化<、>共产主义>、>实践<三方面着手,探索马克思提出人成为>完整的人<的理论路径,即从>完整的人<理论理想的提出到它走向现实的整个过程,围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自身间的关系来讨论马克思>完整的人<的终极目标即人的自由全面发展。马克思>完整的人<理论从其早期觉醒到概念的形成、相关学派的解读、最后到其独特体系的形成及与现实的关系,是一条浑然天成的人类发展道路的科学哲学解说。它强调人的全面、完整发展,反对人的片面、畸形、异化发展。马克思>完整的人<理论的全新探索,无疑对现代社会人的全面发展有重要的理论意义与现实价值。 N2 - The development of human being has been the focus of various philosophical schools in the long course of history. With the development of social history, human beings’ desire of their own development is becoming more and more intense. Meantime, philosophers constantly explore the positive meaning of >whole person< in order to achieve human beings’ reasonable existence value. Marx spent his whole life focusing on the realistic survival and idealistic development of human beings, which contains considerable human treasure in philosophy. He initially presented the theory of >whole person< and idea of the overall development of human beings, which plays an important role in Marxist ideology. It also works as a guidance to deal with the development of human being nowadays. This thesis presents the historical context, influence, ideal and realistic ultimate goal as well as the overall development of human beings as its main content based on the theory of >whole person<. It also follows the principle of the unity of logic and history and the combination of theory and reality. - The first part is the relative historical background. It studies the development of human pursuit four historical stages and paves the way for studying theory of Marx’s >whole person<.– The second part elaborates the relative conception and its influence. It presents the proposal of the concept of >whole person<, the author contrasts it with the thoughts of Marcuse and Fromm in the Frankfurt School and the Sartre’s thought of human in the Existentialism.– The third part is the core of the thesis. It analyzes the idealistic and realistic of Marx’s theory of >whole person<. Starting from three aspects, namely alienation, Communism and practice, it discusses the theoretical path to becoming the >whole person<, i.e. the whole process from the idealistic proposal of >whole person< to its coming true. The ultimate goal of Marx’s >whole person< is to achieve the overall development of human beings. The theory of Marx’s >whole person< is a scientific philosophical explanation in the way of human development from its early stage to the formation of the concept and from the explanation of the relative school to the formation of its unique system and its relationship with reality. It emphasizes the overall and complete development of human beings and side against the one-sided, deformed and alienated development of human beings. There is no doubt that Marx’s new exploration to the theory of >whole person< is an important idealistic value and realistic guidance to the development of human beings in the future. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - The Unbounded Self: The Striving for Reconstructing Personality and Ist Clinical Impact JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 3, 2014), pp. 144-150. N2 - Particularly due to technical innovations, we are witnessing an unbounding of reality that increasingly is reflected in an inner striving to get rid of the limitations and boundaries of our own personality by reconstructing it anew. This pursuit of de-limitation, dissolution and blurring of boundaries is seen as a central character trait of the Ego-oriented social character. Such a fabrication of a limitless personality doubtless results in a weakening of such psychic abilities as experiencing one’s self as a consistent and ambiguous entity, be-ing emotionally attached to oneself and to others, feeling one’s own strivings, affects and emotions, and being guided by one’s internalized norms and values. Lastly, the impact of this character formation is discussed in regard to clinical and therapeutic issues. N2 - Vor allem auf Grund der technischen Innovationen werden wir heute Zeugen einer Entgrenzung der Realität, die sich internalisiert immer mehr in einem Streben widerspiegelt, und auch von den Begrenzungen unserer eigenen Persönlichkeit zu befreien und diese neu zu erfinden. Dieses Streben nach Entgrenzung, Auflösung und Entbindung wird als ein zentraler Charakterzug des ich-orientierten Gesellschafts-Charakters gesehen. Zweifellos führt eine solche grenzenlose eigene Persönlichkeit zu einer Schwächung bestimmter psychischen Fähigkeiten: das eigene Selbst wird immer weniger als kongruent und ambivalenzfähig erlebt; das emotionale Verbunden mit sich selbst und mit anderen, aber auch die eigenen Antriebskräfte, Affekte und Gefühle werden immer weniger gespürt; die Fähigkeit, sein Verhalten an internalisierten Werten und Normen zu orientieren, verblasst. Schließlich soll aufgezeigt werden, welche Auswirkungen diese Charakterbildung auf die dynamische Psychotherapie hat. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - The IFPS's Sense of Identity and Erich Fromm's Legacy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 74-79. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - The role of character and sustained business success JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 40-44. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e18/2014f Y1 - 2014 VL - e18/2014f ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funks, Rainers T1 - >Tiešā tikšanās< saskaņā ar Ērihu Frommu (er sozialpsychoanalytische Ansatz von Erich Fromm) JF - R. Funk, Ēriha Fromma aktualitāte. Filosofijas lekcijas Riga, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 45-52. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funks, Rainers T1 - Hasīdisms Ēriha Fromma vērtējumā JF - R. Funk, Ēriha Fromma aktualitāte. Filosofijas lekcijas Riga, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 27-40. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funks, Rainers T1 - Jautājums par brīvību 70 gadus pēc Ēriha Fromma darba >Bēgšana no brīvības< JF - I. Suvajevs (Ed.), Begsana no brivibas? Erihs Fromms un Latjija, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 19-30. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Foreword: Fromm's Social Psychological Approach and Its Relevance for Today JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. XI-XXIV. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Funks, Rainers T1 - Ēriha Fromma nozīme tagadnei (Die Bedeutung Erich Fromms für die Gegenwart) JF - R. Funk, Ēriha Fromma aktualitāte. Filosofijas lekcijas Riga, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 9-26. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Funks, Rainers T1 - Ēriha Fromma aktualitāte. Filosofijas lekcijas Riga, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, 62 pp. N2 - Izmantojot Fromma izstrādnes, kļūst iespējams nošķirt arī iedomātās un faktiskās vērtības. Iedomātās vērtības var gūt racionalizēšanas ceļā, kaut gan pastāvošās, faktiskās vērtības liecina par kaut ko citu. Fromms piedāvā šādas principā nedzīvošanas, proti, nebūšanas aprakstu (459): >Tagadējais vidējais cilvēks pats gandrīz vai nedomā. Viņš atceras tikai datus, kas viņam sniegti skolā un masu medijos. Balstoties uz paša novērojumiem un domāšanu, viņš praktiski neko nezina no tā, ko viņš zina. Arī priekšmetu izmantošana gandrīz neprasa paša domāšanu un speciālās zināšanas. Dažas ierīces, piemēram, telefons, neparedz nekādu prasmi un piepūli. Cita priekšmeta, piemēram, automašīnas, izmantošana paredz mācīšanos tikai sākumā. Kolīdz tas kļuvis par rutīnu, vajadzīga tikai ļoti niecīga personiskā piepūle un speciālas zināšanas. Pat izglītoti mūsdienu cilvēki ļoti maz domā par reliģiskām, filosofiskām problēmām un pat nedomā par politiskām problēmām. Lielākoties viņi no politiskām un reliģiskām grāmatām un oratoriem tikai pārņem daudzkārt piedāvātās klišejas, nevis nonāk pie secinājumiem, kas ir darbīgas un dzīlēs ietiecošas pašu domāšanas rezultāts. Viņi labprātāk izvēlas tās klišejas, kas vairāk atbilst viņu pašu raksturam un viņu pašu sociālajai šķirai.< Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frank-Rieser, Edith T1 - Igor A. Caruso's development of a psychosocial understanding of the unconscious and its cultural transformation and alienation JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 96-100. N2 - In his approach, Igor A. Caruso, one of the founders of the International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies, started with a traditional Christian anthropological view on human development. His early conception of psychosocial disturbances described the loss of cognitive and social ability as a loss of orientation on the objective values of human responsibility and attachment. Caruso later transformed his views on neurosis into a concept of individual alienation of transcendence. In the 1960s, he conceived psychosocial development as an ongoing individual dealing with the social and collective alienation of human nature, life, and work. The process of becoming a cultural person obliges the ego to face its individual unconscious drive demands, as well as the unconscious demands of society. Caruso's stays in Latin America – especially in Brazil and Mexico – caused him to reinforce the interference of materialistic theories on socialization with the psychoanalytic knowledge of individual unconscious dynamics. He understood the psychoanalytic situation as a ‘micro-social model’ that symbolizes the collective and the individual alienated conditions. In the 1970s, Caruso's conception was understood as a Freudo-Marxist point of view on alienated psychosocial reality. With his view on psychoanalytic treatment as a dialectic and relational process, Caruso demanded a psychoanalytical responsibility within collective changes. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Flores, Juan T1 - The IFPS: Fifty years and the work and future of the Federation JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 65-68. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Feng, Chun-na T1 - On Fromm's Escape from Freedom Thought [论弗洛姆逃避自由的思想] JF - Journal of Chifeng University (Philosophy and Social Science Chinese Edition) [赤峰学院学报(汉文哲学社 会科学版], No. 10 (2014), pp. 105-107. N2 - 弗洛姆的《逃避自由》一书,是以分析法西斯主义得以产生的心理基础为目的的,但其关于资本主义社会条件下人的精神困境以及如何摆脱这种困境的分析,特别是对自由的含义及逃避自由的全面分析,对处于市场经济条件下的现代人的精神困境的理解及其克服途径具有一定的启发意义。 N2 - Fromm's book, >Escape from Freedom< aims to analyze the psychological basis on which fascism emerged, but its analysis of the mental dilemma of human beings under the conditions of capitalist society and how to escape from it, in particular its comprehensive analysis of the meaning of freedom and escape from it, is of some enlightening significance to the understanding of the mental dilemma of modern human beings under the conditions of a market economy and the ways to overcome it. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Feng, Chun-na T1 - On Fromm’s Mature >Love< and Its Practical Significance for Students [论弗洛姆成熟的>爱<的思想及其对大学生的现实意义] JF - Theoretic Observation [理论观察], No. 8 (2014), pp. 54-55. N2 - 在弗洛姆的《爱的艺术》中,弗洛姆指出爱是一门艺术,也需要具体的学习。爱,是对人类生存问题的基本回答,是拥有成熟性人格的人的一种能力。爱的本质是>给予<,爱的具体内容包括关心、责任、尊重和了解等要素。在当今社会,大学生的爱情观产生了严重的异化,所以爱情最终以失败告终。本文通过对弗洛姆《爱的艺术》的分析,针对现代人,尤其是大学生存在的爱情观异化的表现,探究爱的真谛,引导大学生树立正确的爱情观,从而更好地促进我国社会主义社会的道德建设和社会主义和谐社会的顺利实现。 N2 - In Fromm's >The Art of Loving<, Fromm states that love is an art and that it requires specific study. Love is the basic answer to the question of >human existence<, the specific content of love, including care, responsibility, respect and understanding and other elements. In today's society, college students' view of love has been seriously alienated, so love eventually ends in failure. Through the analysis of Fromm's >The Art of Loving<, this paper explores the true meaning of love and guides college students to establish a correct view of love, so as to better promote the moral construction of China's socialist society and the smooth realization of a harmonious socialist society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Fang, Xingfu T1 - Huanxiang bi’an de jiushu: Fu luo mu ren xue sixiang yu wenxue 幻想 彼岸的救赎:弗洛姆人学思想与文学 [Salvation behind Illusion – On the Hominology of Erich Fromm and Literature], Beijing: Zhongyang bianyi chuban she 中央编译出版社 [Central Compilation and Trans¬lation Publishing House [application of Fromm's theories to art] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fang, Xingfu T1 - The Filtered Clones: An Analysis of the Character and Fate of the Clones in >Never Let Me Go< [被过滤的克隆人—《千万别丢下我》人物性格及命运解析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Foreign Literature Studies [外国文学研究], No. 2 (2014), pp. 104-111. N2 - 石黑一雄的《千万别离开我》自2005年出版以来,受到评论家的青睐,但对作品中人物为何不具任何反抗意识的质疑也得到很多人的共鸣。运用当代美国思想家埃里克?弗洛姆的社会性格和社会无意识理论,能较深入地解析作品中的人物,并对这一质疑做一种新的解答:人类根据需要,运用语言、逻辑学和社会禁忌等社会过滤器,在社会化过程中培育科技空间里的产品——克隆人的社会性格和社会无意识,导致他们逆来顺受,毫无怨言地接受人类对他们重要身体器官的攫取和凄惨命运的安排。 N2 - Kazuo Ishiguro’s novel >Never Let Me Go< has gained popularity among critics since its first publication in 2005. It is questioned as well by some critics because of the characters’ lack of rebellious consciousness in the novel. The theory of social character and social unconscious put forward by Erich Fromm can meet the need to find a new answer to the question: For the sake of their own purpose, human beings shape in the process of socialization, with the help of social filter consisting of language, logic and social taboos, the clones living in the techno-space, which leads to clones’ obedience to >donating< their key body organs and their tortured miserable fate arranged by human. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fan, Chenglan T1 - Fromm’s Consumer Alienation Theory and Its Significance [弗洛姆的消费异化理论及其现实意义] JF - Theoretic Observation [理论观察], No 7 (2014), pp. 54-55. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》中集中论述消费异化,他认为现代资本主义社会是一个消费异化的社会,人与物品失去了真实的直接的联系,走向抽象化;消费由手段变成了目的,人被消费所统治,失去了主动性和创造性。弗洛姆首先阐述了异化和消费异化的思想;其次,他对消费异化造成的结果进行了深刻的批判,并在此基础上提出了克服异化的途径,他的消费异化理论在当今仍具有现实意义,为我国解决现实中存在的消费问题提供了借鉴。 N2 - Fromm focuses on consumption alienation in the >healthy society<, he argues that modern capitalist society is a society of consumer alienation, human and goods lost real direct link to abstract; consumption by means to become an end, people were ruled by the consumer, lost the initiative and creativity. Fromm first elaborated the idea of alienation and consumer alienation; secondly, the result of his alienation caused by the consumption of a profound critique, and on this basis, propose ways to overcome alienation, his theory of alienation in today's consumer still has a reality significance for China to solve the real problems that exist in the consumer to provide a reference. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ermann, Michael T1 - The changing face of psychoanalysis and the development of the IFPS JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 69-72. N2 - The foundation of the International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) in 1962 was – from the author's point of view – a reaction to the exclusive politics of the International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA) in the postwar years. It was a political act of self-assertion, and only secondarily a science-related initiative. But meanwhile, the field of international psychoanalysis has changed fundamentally, and the former identity of the IFPS, which was defined from its differences from the IPA, has come under increasing pressure. Meeting this challenge, the question arises: what is the contribution of the Federation to psychoanalysis in the contemporary world? The author believes that the future lies in the exploration of identity-creating relations in all areas and periods of life. To deal with this huge challenge would be a shared task for the whole psychoanalytic community. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Durkin, Kieran T1 - Review Braune, J., Erich Fromm’s Revolutionary Hope, and Miri, S. J. et al. (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society JF - Marx and Philosophy – Review of Books, 23. November 2014, http://marxandphilosophy.org.uk/reviewofbooks/reviews/2014/1397 Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Durkin, Kieran T1 - The Radical Humanism of Erich Fromm, New York (Palgrave Macmillan) 2014, 250 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Duan, Yuanwei T1 - >Juvenile Sea Myers< – Analysis of Alienation in Myers' Character [《少年迈尔斯的海》中迈尔斯的性格异化分析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Youth Literator [青年文学家], No. 20 (2014), pp. 88-89. N2 - 社会学家埃里希.弗洛姆认为社会性格发展不健全可能导致人性扭曲,而人性的异化含义指的是转让、疏远、异己、脱离。G.彼得洛维奇《哲学百科全书》中解释其通俗意义为:>异化是一种使人和物同他人或他物相疏远的行为,或者行为的结果<。美国记者吉姆.林奇的小说《少年迈尔斯的海》的主人公迈尔斯的成长经历正是与社会>异化<的典型代表。本文通过对少年迈尔斯的性格和经历的事件进行分析,力图展现其与社会异化,与他人异化,与自我异化的特征和成因。 N2 - Sociologist Erich. Fromm believes social character development could lead to distortion of human nature is not perfect, and the meaning of human alienation refers to the transfer, alienation, alien, detachment. G. Peter Pavlovic >Encyclopedia of Philosophy< in the common sense to explain: >Alienation is a people and objects with others or something else with alienating behavior, or the results of behavior.< US reporter Jim Lynch's novel >Juvenile Sea Myers< is the protagonist Myers upbringing and society >alienation< typical. Based on the juvenile Myers personality and experience to analyze events, trying to show their social alienation, alienation and others, characteristics and causes of self-alienation. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du, Zhongbin T1 - Give Children nothing but Love [给孩子完整的爱] JF - Journal of Educational Development (Second Half)[教育导刊(下半月)], No. 6 (2014), p. 75. N2 - 弗洛姆在《爱的艺术》一书中提出,成熟的人既同母亲的良知又同父亲的良知生活在一起,如果一个人只有母亲的良知,那他就有失去自我判断力的危险,就会阻碍自己和他人的发展。只有父爱与母爱相结合,才能帮助儿童形成完整的人格。实际上,诸如《爸爸去哪儿》这类亲子秀节目之所以能够热播,是因为它让我们感受到了父亲在孩子成长过程中的重要意义,并让我们开始来反思自己的亲子教育行为:在养育和抚育孩子的过程中,我们是否做到了给予孩子完整的 N2 - Fromm in >The Art of Loving< a book made, mature person with both conscience and mother living together with his father's conscience, if a person only when the mother's conscience, then he danger of losing self-judgment, it will hinder the development of themselves and others. Only the combination of fatherly and motherly love, to help children form a complete personality. In fact, such as >Where is the father< of such a program has been able to hit parenting show, because it allows us to feel the importance of fathers in children's growth process, and let us begin to reflect on their parenting behavior: in parenting and raising children in the process, we do give them complete. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Min, Du T1 - Philosophical Reflections on Cultural Support of the >China Dream< from Fromm’s >Spiritual Alienation< [精神回归:关于>中国梦<之文化支撑的哲学思考——弗洛姆>精神异化<思想的启示] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Tangdu Journal [唐都学刊], No. 6 (2014), pp. 28-33. N2 - 中国梦是建立在文化自觉基础之上的,是既有超越性又有现实性的当代中国人的奋斗目标。中国步入现代的征程中,已经痛感到精神失落而带来的负价值。因此,在>中国梦>的现实构建中,一个最重要的基本问题乃是>如何让失落的精神回归<。著名社会精神分析哲学家弗洛姆的社会病理学诊断也许可以给当代中国的社会发展给予重要启示:关注人的精神性生存,抛却重占有的生存方式,是实现中国梦的精神动力;弘扬人性化文化,冷静对待消费文化,是实现中国梦的精神支撑;培育个体健康心理,防化社会病态人格,是实现中国梦的精神主题;关注社会信仰体系,发挥信仰的积极作用,是实现中国梦的精神归宿 N2 - The >Chinese Dream<, established on cultural consciousness, is goal of Chinese people contemporarily. In the process of modernization, China has suffered negative value for the spirit lost. Therefore, one of the most important questions is how to get the lost spirit return in constructing of Chinese Dream. Social Psychoanalysis diagnosis by famous social pathology philosopher Erich Fromm might be important revelation to Chinese contemporary social development. It is building up social belief systems by focusing on the human spirit but material possession as spiritual power, promoting humane but consumer culture as spiritual support, and foster individual health psychology then prevent sociopathic personality disorder as spiritual themes, to realize the Chinese Dream. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - David-West, Alzo T1 - Erich Fromm and North Korea: Social Psychology and the Political Regime JF - Critical Sociology, Vol. 40, No. 4, July 2014, pp. 575-600. N2 - This paper addresses the problem of social psychology and the political regime in North Korea through the sociopsychological theory of humanist psychoanalyst Erich Fromm. Since humanist psychoanalysis has not been systematically applied in academic discussion on North Korean politics and society, the author outlines Fromm’s neo-Marxist/neo-Freudian perspective in conjunction with observations on eroding totalitarianism and patricentrism, group narcissism and anxiety, official ideology, internalized authority and women, the revolutionary façade, and dream analysis as a relevant component of a social psychology of North Korea. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dai, Jiaxin T1 - The Dilemma of Modern Man's Freedom and His Way Out – Reading of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< [现代人的自由困境及其出路——读弗洛姆的《逃避自由》] JF - Reform & Opening [改革与开放], No. 16 (2014), pp. 38-39. N2 - 弗洛姆在《逃避自由》一书中揭示出人的自由是一个递进的漫长过程,其包括从没有自由到获得自由和从消极自由到积极自由两个维度。现代人无可避免地遭遇着自由的困境:一方面现代社会使个人得以打破原有束缚而获得很大的自由,但同时这种自由也使个人尝受着精神层面的孤独与焦虑。为此,人们往往易于采取消极的逃避自由机制而以失败告终,真正走出自由困境的出路在于用爱心和劳动的自发性活动追求积极的自由,以实现对孤独的拯救和对自由的捍卫。 N2 - In >Escape from Freedom<, Fromm reveals that human freedom is a long and progressive process, which includes two dimensions: from no freedom to freedom and from negative freedom to positive freedom. Modern people are inevitably confronted with the dilemma of freedom: on the one hand, modern society enables individuals to break the old constraints and gain a great deal of freedom, but at the same time, this freedom also makes individuals suffer from spiritual loneliness and anxiety. The real way out of the dilemma of freedom lies in the pursuit of positive freedom through spontaneous activities of love and labor, in order to realize the salvation of loneliness and the defense of freedom. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dagostino, Vicki A1 - Lake, Robert T1 - Fromm's Dialectic of Freedom and the Praxis of Being JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. 17-30. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Curtis, Richard T1 - What is Spirituality? Insights from Religious Studies and Humanistic Psychology JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. 101-115. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cui, Jing T1 - The Research on Characters in Martin Scorsese Films from the Perspective of Psychoanalysis [精神分析视野下的马丁•斯科塞斯电影人物研究], Master thesis, Film Studies, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2014. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 美国导演马丁•斯科塞斯非常善于挖掘人物的内心世界,并能抽丝剥茧般地刻画人物心理状态的变化过程。他对人物精神问题的始终关注与精妙剖析体现了对现代人生存状态极大的人文关怀。论文运用心理学范畴中的精神分析理论研究马丁•斯科塞斯电影中的人物形象,主要针对有精神困扰的人物进行论述。全篇围绕马丁•斯科塞斯电影中的主要人物及其精神问题展开。首先探究斯科塞斯在影片中塑造的有精神问题的人物形象类型及其精神问题的主要根源。运用弗洛伊德、霍妮、弗洛姆等人的理论对影片中人物精神问题的病因追根溯源。然后解读斯科塞斯如何运用各种电影叙事手法达到揭示人物精神问题的目的。分析影片中叙事母题的选择和叙事结构的运用,阐释斯科塞斯如何借助各种影像元素的辅助,加深对人物精神状态的呈现,以及他对人物造型、色彩和镜头等视觉要素的风格化运用。最后围绕斯科塞斯偏爱在影片中塑造有精神问题的人物这一特点,对其社会价值和审美价值进行了深入的挖掘。从社会学、美学和受众心理学等角度重新审视电影文本,考察斯科塞斯讲述的故事和塑造的人物背后潜藏的深刻寓意。论文力求在对马丁•斯科塞斯的研究方面获得一些有创造性的突破,并能为我国影视作品创造出更生动更立体化的人物形象提供一些启示。 N2 - The American director Martin Scorsese is good at digging the inner world of the characters, as well as unraveling the changing process of characterization mental state. The subtle analysis of people’s mental problems shows great humane care to modern Americans. The thesis is aimed to analyze and explore the characters in Martin Scorsese movies, using psychoanalytic theory in Psychology. It starts to discourse around the characters and their mental problems in Martin Scorsese films. Firstly, it explores what causes the mental problems of the characters using the theories of Sigmund Freud, Karen Horney, Erich Fromm and so on. Secondly, it interprets motif and structure in Film narratology. Then, it comes to the visual language of Martin’s films such as the contour of the characters, the color and the shots etc. At last, it investigates the profound meaning hidden behind the stories and characters in Martin’s films from the perspective of Sociology, Aesthetics and the Audience Psychology. The thesis seeks to get some creative breakthroughs in research of Martin Scorsese, and offers our own film and television industry some inspiration to create more vivid characters. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cong, Qian T1 - Neo-psychoanalysis in >Winesburg, Ohio< [新精神分析视角解读《小镇畸人》], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China 2014. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 舍伍德•安德森(1876-1941)被称为第一个美国心理学作家。在文学领域,他影响了一批作家如欧内斯特•海明威,威廉•福克纳和约翰•斯坦贝克等人。所以舍伍德也被称为>大师们的大师<。《小镇畸人》是舍伍德•安德森第一部反映人类心理问题的作品。温斯堡小镇是所有受美国工业发展的中西部小城镇的缩影。安德森将温斯堡的每一个畸人在工业化过程中所经历的心理创伤展现给每一位读者。纵观国内外评论,大多数评论家从精神分析角度研究畸人的心理问题,主要集中于弗洛伊德精神分析理论。此外,小说主题、社会背景、叙事技巧、小说结构等方面也进行了充分大量的研究。为了进一步挖掘作品的价值,笔者认为单纯从弗洛伊德理论分析作品中畸人的心理问题过于局限,弗洛姆新精神分析理论是对古典精神分析理论的继承和发展,结合了弗洛伊德和马克思的思想,提出了>人本主义精神分析<学说,强调社会环境对人的发展产生的影响,尤其是社会变革对人产生的心理影响。因此笔者尝试从新精神分析批评角度分析作品中的畸人。本论文共分四章:第一章为绪论,简要介绍本论文的研究背景,包括作者简介及小说概述;小说的国内外研究成果;以及本论文研究的重要性,包括选题原因、研究目的及方法。第二章从新精神分析理论出发,引入德国心理学家弗洛姆的新精神分析理论,分别从三个方面:>人的处境<,>人的需要<以及<社会性格<理论进行具体阐释与归纳。第三章主要结合作品中人物成为畸人的原因,根据三个理论对作品中的畸人进行分类,并结合作品进行具体分析。第四章概括总结本论文,归纳人在成长与发展中的心理需要,爱在人的成长过程中的关键作用,关注人的需要对人类社会发展的价值和意义,以及本论文的局限性 N2 - Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941), one of the first American psychological writers, influenced many great writers such as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, F. S. Fitzgerald, and some others. So it is justifiable to say that Sherwood Anderson is the master of masters. >Winesburg, Ohio<, the first fictional work of Sherwood Anderson, explores humankind’s psychological problems in the society. Winesburg is the epitome of all mid-western small towns influenced by American industrial development. Anderson depicts each grotesque in Winesburg who experienced mental sufferings during the process of industrialization to the readers. Observing the criticisms at home and abroad on Winesburg, Ohio, the author found that most domestic critics researches were made from the aspect of theme, social background, narration skills and story structures. But the analyses for grotesques from the perspective of Freud’s Theory will not be enough to explain the the work. Erich Fromm’s Neo-psychoanalysis, however, which combines Freud and Marx’s ideas, put forward the >Humanistic Psychoanalysis< theory, inherits the Classic Psychoanalysis and emphasizes the influence of social environment on people’s developments, especially on people’s mental impact during the social change, will better reveal the author’s purpose. - Four chapters are composed in the thesis. Chapter I is an introduction of the research background. Literature review consists of the researches at home and abroad. Chapter II starts from psychoanalysis and then introduces Fromm’s Neo-psychoanalysis. Human situation, human’s needs and the social character will be illustrated respectively. Chapter III mainly deals with text analysis. The grotesques in his stories will be analyzed according to Fromm’s theory. Chapter IV summarizes this paper, a conclusion will be made on psychological needs in one’s growth and development, and the value and its significance of love and the sane society will be highlighted. Y1 - 2014 ER -