TY - JOUR A1 - Fromm, Erich T1 - On the Art of Living JF - E. Fromm, The Essential Fromm. Life Between Having and Being, edited by Rainer Funk, New York (Continuum) 1995, pp. 15-19. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fromm, Erich T1 - Von der Kunst des Lebens JF - E. Fromm, Leben zwischen Haben und Sein, Freiburg im Breisgau (Herder Verlag) 1993, pp. 17-22. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fromm, Erich T1 - On the Art of Living JF - E. Fromm, The Essential Fromm. Life Between Having and Being, edited by Rainer Funk, London (Constable) 1995. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fromm, Erich T1 - L’arte di vivere JF - E. Fromm, L’arte di vivere. A cura di Rainer Funk, Milano (Arnoldo Mondadori Editore: Osca Saggi 478) 1996, 2011, pp. 15-19. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fromm, Erich T1 - De l’art de vivre JF - E. Fromm, L’art de vivre, Paris (Desclée de Brouwer) 2003, pp. 17-22. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fromm, Erich T1 - Fromm, ed. by Miroslaw Chalubinski, Warszawa (Wiedza Powszechna) 1993. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Berger, Peter L. A1 - Luckmann, Th. T1 - Socicty as a Human Product JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 418-422. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benjamin, Walter T1 - Art, War, and Fascism JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 276-277. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biancoli, Romano T1 - Frommian Themes in a Case of Narcissistic Personality Disorders JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 441-452. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biancoli, Romano T1 - Abwehrformen im Umgang mit dem Fremden. Paper presented at a congress on Der Umgang mit dem Fremden in Verona on September 11, 1993. Typoscript 24 pp. [Published in 1994.] N2 - >Psychoanalytic Considerations on the Defences from Confrontation with the Stranger<: The conscious and unconscious are qualities of the contents of the psyche attributed, for the most part, to social processes, that are themselves unconscious. In this way the conscious area is largely an illusion. The total man, from the most distant past to the potential future, remains unconscious. One is a member of society, but also member of the human race and, as such, citizen of the world. Humanism is the antithesis of all xenophobic nationalism, all racism and all prejudiced thought. The repression of emotions, sentiments and thoughts which strike the family harmony are part of a strategy of survival adopted by the individual from the start of infancy. The operation of estrangement begins from oneself in order to conform with the family and social environment. Ostracism is avoided by directing it towards repressed and split parts of oneself and towards all aspects on the outside to which those parts allude, according to the defence mechanisms of identifiaation with the aggressor and the projection. Not only is >primordial man< estranged, but also and above all man in his potentiality of development, the >new man< who has overcome narcissism and the symbioticincestuous attachment. The revolutionary character is the strangest of all in today's Western society. The Author supports these positions by the analysis of two dreams and by a brief history of witch hunt. N2 - >Considerazioni psicoanalitiche sulle difese dal confronto con l'estraneo<: Conscio e inconscio sono qualità dei contenuti della psiche attribuite per lo più da processi sociali, essi stessi inconsci. In tal modo, l'aree conscia è prevalentemente un'illusione. L'uomo totale, dal più lontano passato al futuro potenziale, resta inconscio. L'umanesimo è antitetico a ogni nazionalismo xenofobo, a ogni razzismo, a ogni pensiero prevenuto. La rimozione delle emozioni, dei sentimenti e dei pensieri che urtano l'armonia familiare fa parte della strategia di sopravvivenza che l'individuo adotta fin dalla prima infanzia. L'operazione di estraneazione parte da se stessi per adeguarsi all'ambiente familiare e sociale. L'ostracismo viene evitato rivolgendolo a parti di sé, rimosse e scisse, e a ogni aspetto dell'esterno che a quelle parti alluda, secondo i meccanismi di difesa dell'identificazione con l'aggressore e della proiezione. Può essere reso estraneo nan solo l'>uomo dei primordi<, ma anche e sopratutto l'uomo nelle sue potenzialità di sviluppo, l'>uomo nuovo< che ha superato il narcisismo e l'attaccamento simbiotico-incestuoso. Il carattere rivoluzionario è il più estraneo di tutti nella odierna società occidentale. L'Autore documenta queste posizioni con l'analisi di due sogni e con una breve storia della caccia alle streghe. N2 - >Consideraciones psicoanalíticas sobre defensas de la confrontación con el extranjero<: El conciente y el inconciente son cualidades de contenidos psíquicos atribuídas en su mayor parte a procesos sociales, los que en sí mismos también son inconcientes. De esta manera, el área de conciencia es en gran parte una ilusión. El hombre total, desde el pasado más remoto hasta el futuro potencial, permanece inconciente. El individuo es miembro de la sociedad, pero también es miembro de la raza humana, y como tal, ciudadano del mundo. El humanismo es la antítesis de todo nacionalismo xenofóbico, de todo racismo y todo pensamiento prejuicioso. La represión de emociones, de sentimientos y de pensamientos que desbaratan la armonía familiar, son partes de una estrategia de supervivencia adoptada por el individuo desde el comienzo de su infancia. La enajenación comienza a partir del mismo individuo a fin de ajustarse a la familia y al entorno social. Se evita el aislamiento (ostracismo) dirigiéndolo hacia las partes reprimidas y divididas de uno mismo y hacia todos los aspectos externos a que aluden estas partes reprimidas, conformando los mecanismos de defensa de identificación con el agresor y la proyeccion. No sólo está enajenado el >hombre primordial<, sino también y sobre todo, el ser humano en su potencial de desarrollo, el >hombre nuevo< que superó el narcisismo y el apego simbióticoincestuoso. El carácter revolucionario es el más raro de todos en la sociedad contemporánea occidental. El autor sostiene estas posiciones con el análisis de dos sueños y con un breve relato de cacería de brujas. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biancoli, Romano T1 - Considerazioni psicoanalitiche sulle difese dal confronto con l'estraneo Paper presented at a congress on Il confronto con l'estraneo in Verona on September 11, 1993. Typoscript 32 pp. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bell, Daniel T1 - The End of Ideology in the West JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 309-313. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benedetti, Gajetano T1 - Emergency Interventions and Direct Interventions in Psychotic Crisis During Psychotherapy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis Oslo (Scandinavian University Press), Vol. 2 (No. 4, December 1993), pp. 226-236. N2 - The term psychotic crisis should be understood not only as an acute psychopathological syndrome occurring in the whole spectrum of psychoses, but also as a crisis that may occur in a healed patient facing difficulties in everyday life, or as a sudden change in a long and monotonous psychotherapy. The therapeutical duty often consists in >teachingUrgent interventiondirect intervention<. The former requires abandoning of the classical setting of verbal encounter, whereas >direct interventions< even if urgent and different from the usual psychoanalytic interventions, do not imply a change in the setting. I use this method only with psychotic patients in a situation of crisis. It implies >progressive overturnings< i.e. changing the situation of the patient in a positive direction by images arising from our therapeutic unconscious as a >projection< of the therapeutical imago. Usually they are verbal, but here I will show graphic and what I call >transforming< images. The >overturnings< are here summarized as 1. The overturning of autism into a one-to-one relationship 2. the overturning of repression into integration 3. the overturning of the destructive splitting into individuation. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benedetti, Gajetano T1 - Differences in Gender Behaviour of Psychotic Patients in the Therapeutic Process JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Oslo (Scandinavian University Press), Vol. 2 (No. 2, June 1993), pp. 102-108. N2 - The profound psychic differences between the two human sexes are also reflected in their diverse psychopathology, even though the basic clinical forms remain common for both. In this study the problem of the psychoanalytic difference between the two sexes is discussed within the framework of psychotic situations; in intrapsychic relationships with the mother and the father, and between the patient and the therapist and with his sex. The problem of masculine and feminine psychosexuality is furthermore seen in a different light, in accordance with its pre- or postoedipal configuration. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benedict, Ruth T1 - The Japanese and the Americans JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 286-289. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blechner, M. J. T1 - Psychoanalysis and HIV Disease JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 61-80. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bohn, I. A1 - Hamburger, F. A1 - Rock, K. T1 - Die Berichterstattung über Roma und Sinti in der Lokalpresse. Ein Beispiel für den neo-rassistischen Diskurs JF - Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (Ed.), Entstehung von Fremdenfeindlichkeit. Die Verantwortung von Politik und Medien, Bonn (Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung) 1993, pp. 101-106. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bonss, Wolfgang T1 - The Program of Interdisciplinary Research and the Beginnings of Critical Theory JF - S. Benhabib, W. Bonss and J. McCole (Eds.), On Max Horkheimer: New Perspectives, Cambridge / Mass. (MIT-Press), 1993, pp. 99-126. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bourdieu, P. T1 - Structures, Habitus, Practices JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 479-483. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barroso, Anna Maria T1 - El taller de las senoras: alternativas, encuentros y contrastes JF - Institutio Mexicano de Psicoanalisis, El caracter social, su estudio, un intercambio de experiencias, Coyoacán 1972, pp. 215-225. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barroso, Anna Maria T1 - The women's workshop. Alternatives, encounters and contrasts JF - Institutio Mexicano de Psicoanalisis, El caracter social, su estudio, un intercambio de experiencias, Coyoacán 1972, pp. 85-95. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barthes, R. T1 - Semiological Prospects JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 340-343. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baudrillard, J. T1 - Simulacra and Simulations: Disneyland JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 524-530. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beauvoir, S. de T1 - Woman as Other JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 367-369. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bierhoff, Burkhard T1 - Zum Zusammenhang von Arbeit, Charakter und Erziehung JF - Wissenschaft vom Menschen – Science of Man. Jahrbuch der Internationalen Erich-Fromm-Gesellschaft, Münster (LIT Verlag), Vol. 4 (1993): Arbeit - Entfremdung - Charakter, pp. 29-62. N2 - >Links between Work, Character, and Education<: The transformational processes presently occurring in the techno-economic bases of industrial life are, inevitably enough, accompanied by changes in social character. Though the significance of work for character formation has declined as other influences have moved to centerstage, >work< still remains an important dimension by which human beings define and anchor themselves in the world. Indeed, this >anchoring through work< allows the characterological status quo in the present to be read off. This essay takes the Frommian concept of social character as its departure point, asking what work experiences lead to what character structures and also what work ethic results from these characterological features. An analysis is given of the social-characterological conditions necessarily imported by workers into their job situations, simply in order to break even in an evolving industrial labor process marked by structural unemployment. More stringent vocational requirements, plus an increased release from the coercion of having to work for one's daily bread, pose a real danger for one's psychic balance and make flexibility an imperative. If the identity crisis brought on by the deprivation of work is to be mastered, new vocational outlets must be developed that are removed from financial remuneration and accountability – as an alternative to work in the traditional sense. At the same time, jobs and wages need to be uncoupled and a society-wide minimum income guaranteed. These transformational processes are giving rise to a >post-industrial character structure< principally characterized, in its productive variants, by flexibility andsocial competence; moreover, its behavior patterns are loosened up by quality-orientated, diversified job (or other vocational) requirements capable of appealing to the whole person. N2 - >Sui collegamenti tra lavoro, carattere e educazione: Il processo di cambiamento che si sta svolgendo attualmente nelle basi economico-tecniche del modo di vita industriale è accompagnato da modificazioni nel carattere sociale. Anche se diminuisce l'importanza del lavoro per la formazione del carattere e diventano più incisive altre influenze, tuttavia >il lavoro< resta una dimensione importante del rapporto dell'uomo col mondo. Si può leggere la situazione caratterologica attuale in funzione di questo rapporto col lavoro. Partendo dal concetto frommiano di carattere sociale, si esamina qual'è il nesso tra esperienze lavorative e strutture di carattere, e quale comprensione del lavoro derivi da questi tratti caratteriali. Vengono mostrate le condizioni sociocaratteriali che devono avere i prestatori d'opera per poter sopravvivere nel processo lavorativo industriale in mutamento, che si accompagna ad una disoccupazione strutturale. Le richieste di qualificazione, come anche il liberarsi di lavoro retribuito, comportano una minaccia all'equilibrio psichico e rendono necessaria la flessibilità. Per superare la crisi di significato che si manifesta con la perdita del lavoro, occorre – come alternativa al lavoro nelle condizioni tradizionali – sviluppare nuove occupazioni significative, sottratte ad una valutazione e ad una remunerazione finanziarie. Contemporaneamente occorre scindere il lavoro retribuito e il salario, e garantire un reddito sociale di base. I processi di cambiamento portano alla formazione di un >carattere postindustriale<, che nelle sue varianti produttive è caratterizzato soprattutto dalla flessibilità e dalla competenza sociale e il cui comportamento diventa più poliedrico attraverso le esigenze qualitative, globali e variate del lavoro o delle occupazioni alternative. N2 - >Acerca del vínculo entre trabajo, carácter y educación<: El proceso actual de cambio que se consuma en las bases económico-tecnológicas de la forma de vida industrial es acompañado por transformaciones del carácter social. Aun cuando el significado del trabajo para la formación del carácter disminuye y otras influencias se vuelven más fuertes, aun así el trabajo sigue siendo una importante dimensión del vínculo humano hacia el mundo. A través de esta forma de vínculo se puede comprobar la situación caracterológica del presente. A partir del concepto de carácter social de Fromm se pregunta que tipo de experiencias laborales llevan a determinadas estructuras caracteriales y que idea del trabajo resulta de estos rasgos caracteriales. Se muestran las condiciones sociocaracterológicas que el trabajador trae consigo para poder sobrevivir en un proceso de trabajo industrial en cambio, el cual va acompañado de un desempleo estructural. Las exigencias cada vez mayores de cualificación, así como la creciente liberación del trabajo remunerado significan un peligro para la balanza psíquica y demandan flexibilidad. Para dominar esta crisis, que se hace manifiesta con la pérdida del empleo, se deben desarrollar nuevas ocupaciones razonables, como alternativa a la comprensión tradicional del trabajo, que sean independientes de su significado financiero y de su remuneración. Al mismo tiempo hay que separar trabajo remunerado y salario, y garantizar un ingreso-base en la sociedad. Los procesos de cambio conducen a la formacion de un >carácter postindustrial< que se destaca en sus variantes productivas particularmente por su flexibilidad y competencia social y cuyo comportamiento se diversifica a través de las exigencias cualitativas, integrales y múltiples en sus posibilidades de trabajo o de ocupaciones alternativas. T3 - Yearbook / Jahrbuch (1990-1995) - w04/1993c Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biancoli, Romano T1 - Frommian Themes in a Case of Narcissistic Personality Disorder JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 441-452. N2 - Presents a case study of a 30-yr-old man treated for narcissistic personality disorder and attempts to show how further contributions to an alternative approach to psychoanalysis can come from E. FROMM. FROMMian themes are all present in the case in varying degrees. It is suggested that the 2 main features of this case (narcissism and homosexuality) were the outcome of a pathological symbiosis with both parents. Eight themes, drawn both from FROMM's published works and from his unpublished writings, are stressed, including benign vs malignant aggression, having vs being, homosexual and incestuous symbiosis, and secret family narcissism. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biebass, H. A1 - Maaz, H. J. T1 - Angst und Gewalt – alltäglich? JF - Ich. Die Psychozeitung, Berlin (UVA), Vol. 4 (No. 2, 1993), pp. 6-10. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braumann, T. T1 - Liebe ist unvermeidlich – ein Besuch im Zentrum für experimentelle Gesellschaftsgestaltung ZEGG JF - Ich. Die Psychozeitung, Berlin (UVA), Vol. 4 (No. 4, 1993), pp. 12-14. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bromberg, Ph. M. T1 - Obsession and/or Obsessionality: Perspectives on a Psychoanalytic Treatment (A Symposium) JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 90-100. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buchholz, E. S. T1 - The >Negative< Holding Environment in Child Treatment: Cycles of Abuse and Depression JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 503-529. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buechler, Sandra T1 - Discussion of Male and Female Internal Images in a Case of Frigidity JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Oslo (Scandinavian University Press), Vol. 2 (No. 3, September 1993), pp. 181f. N2 - The case of Anna presented by Professor Giliberti is discussed from an interpersonal perspective. Attention is given to Anna's real experiences of hypocrisy, social inadequacy, hatred and blame projection. Paranoid aspects are emphasized and seen as connected with a disparity between appearance and reality in the communicative pattern of the family. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buechler, Sandra T1 - Clinical Applications of an Interpersonal View of the Emotions JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 219-236. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buratti, Anna A1 - Lio, Enzo T1 - Noi e l'altro: Il ruolo della paura. Paper presented at a congress on Il confronto con l'estraneo in Verona on September 11, 1993. Typoscript 9 pp. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buratti, Anna A1 - Lio, Enzo T1 - Die Rolle der Angst in der Beziehung zu uns selbst und zu anderen. Paper presented at a congress on Der Umgang mit dem Fremden in Verona on September 11, 1993. Typoscript 9 pp. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Asante, M. K. T1 - The Afrocentric Idea JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 554-556. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacciagaluppi, Marco T1 - Dati empirici sull'ontogenesi del carattere socialle tedesco e confronti transculturali Paper presented at a congress on Il confronto con l'estraneo in Verona on September 11, 1993. Typoscript 10 pp. N2 - Attachment theory, as developed by Bowlby, and empirical research derived from it, beginning with Ainsworth's >Strange Situation< and the correlated home observations, are described. The studies of the transgenerational transmission of patterns and of the internal working models of the relationship, as well as longitudinal studies, are reported. The main focus of the paper is on cross-cultural studies, carried out in Germany, Israel and Japan. In North Germany, as compared to the U. S., there was a higher frequency of avoidant behavior in babies. This finding has been linked with the cultural demand for premature self-reliance. It is suggested that in the avoidant North German children we see the early ontogeny of the authoritarian character. N2 - >Dati empirici sull'ontogenesi del carattere sociale tedesco e confronti transculturali<: Vengono descritte la teoria dell'attaccamento, così come è stata sviluppata da Bowlby, e la ricerca empirica che ne è derivata, a cominciare dalla Strange Situation della Ainsworth e dalle osservazioni in casa ad essa correlate. Vengono pure riferiti gli studi sulla trasmissione transgenerazionale, sui modelli di lavoro interni e gli studi longitudinali. L'argomento principale del lavoro è costituito dagli studi transculturali condotti in Germania, Israele e Giappone. Nella Germania settentrionale, in confronto agli Stati Uniti, venne trovata una frequenza maggiore di comportamenti evitanti nei bambini. Questo dato è stato correlato con la richiesta culturale di una prematura fiducia in sé. Si suggerisce che nei bambini evitanti della Germania settentrionale noi vediamo l'ontogenesi precoce del carattere autoritario. N2 - >Resúmen de datos empíricos sobre el carácter social alemán y compararciones transculturales<: En la ponencia se describen la teoría del apego, como tal desarrollada por Bowlby y una investigación empírica derivada de ella, comenzando con la >extraña situación< de Ainsworth y las correspondientes observaciones que se refieren al caso. Se describen, asímismo, los estudios de la transmisión de modelos transgeneracionales y de los modelos que trabajan internamente como también estudios longitudinales. El argumento principal de la ponencia se refiere a estudios transculturales desarrollados en Alemania, Israel y Japón. Comparado con los EEUU, en Alemania del Norte se registró una mayor frecuencia de comportamiento esquivo en los bebés. Dicho resultado ha sido relacionado con la exigencia cultural de una prematura confianza en sí mismo. Se sugiere que en los niños en cuestión se ve la ontogenia precoz del carácter autoritario. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacciagaluppi, Marco T1 - Vergleichende empirische Daten zur Entstehung des deutschen Gesellschafts-Charakters. Paper presented at a congress on >Der Umgang mit dem Fremden< in Verona on September 11, 1993. Typoscript 8 pp. [Published in 1994] N2 - Attachment theory, as developed by Bowlby, and empirical research derived from it, beginning with Ainsworth's >Strange Situation< and the correlated home observations, are described. The studies of the transgenerational transmission of patterns and of the internal working models of the relationship, as well as longitudinal studies, are reported. The main focus of the paper is on cross-cultural studies, carried out in Germany, Israel and Japan. In North Germany, as compared to the U. S., there was a higher frequency of avoidant behavior in babies. This finding has been linked with the cultural demand for premature self-reliance. It is suggested that in the avoidant North German children we see the early ontogeny of the authoritarian character. N2 - >Dati empirici sull'ontogenesi del carattere sociale tedesco e confronti transculturali<: Vengono descritte la teoria dell'attaccamento, così come è stata sviluppata da Bowlby, e la ricerca empirica che ne è derivata, a cominciare dalla Strange Situation della Ainsworth e dalle osservazioni in casa ad essa correlate. Vengono pure riferiti gli studi sulla trasmissione transgenerazionale, sui modelli di lavoro interni e gli studi longitudinali. L'argomento principale del lavoro è costituito dagli studi transculturali condotti in Germania, Israele e Giappone. Nella Germania settentrionale, in confronto agli Stati Uniti, venne trovata una frequenza maggiore di comportamenti evitanti nei bambini. Questo dato è stato correlato con la richiesta culturale di una prematura fiducia in sé. Si suggerisce che nei bambini evitanti della Germania settentrionale noi vediamo l'ontogenesi precoce del carattere autoritario. N2 - >Resúmen de datos empíricos sobre el carácter social alemán y compararciones transculturales<: En la ponencia se describen la teoría del apego, como tal desarrollada por Bowlby y una investigación empírica derivada de ella, comenzando con la >extraña situación< de Ainsworth y las correspondientes observaciones que se refieren al caso. Se describen, asímismo, los estudios de la transmisión de modelos transgeneracionales y de los modelos que trabajan internamente como también estudios longitudinales. El argumento principal de la ponencia se refiere a estudios transculturales desarrollados en Alemania, Israel y Japón. Comparado con los EEUU, en Alemania del Norte se registró una mayor frecuencia de comportamiento esquivo en los bebés. Dicho resultado ha sido relacionado con la exigencia cultural de una prematura confianza en sí mismo. Se sugiere que en los niños en cuestión se ve la ontogenia precoz del carácter autoritario. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacciagaluppi, Marco T1 - L'influenza di Ferenczi su Fromm JF - Psicoterapia e scienze umane, Milano (Franco Angeli) Vol. XXVI (No. 4, 1992), pp. 39-55. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacciagaluppi, Marco T1 - Empirical Data on the Ontogeny of the German Social Character, and Cross-Cultural Comparisons Paper presented at a congress on Dealing with the Alien in Verona on September 11, 1993. Typoscript 14 pp. N2 - Attachment theory, as developed by Bowlby, and empirical research derived from it, beginning with Ainsworth's >Strange Situation< and the correlated home observations, are described. The studies of the transgenerational transmission of patterns and of the internal working models of the relationship, as well as longitudinal studies, are reported. The main focus of the paper is on cross-cultural studies, carried out in Germany, Israel and Japan. In North Germany, as compared to the U. S., there was a higher frequency of avoidant behavior in babies. This finding has been linked with the cultural demand for premature self-reliance. It is suggested that in the avoidant North German children we see the early ontogeny of the authoritarian character. N2 - >Dati empirici sull'ontogenesi del carattere sociale tedesco e confronti transculturali<: Vengono descritte la teoria dell'attaccamento, così come è stata sviluppata da Bowlby, e la ricerca empirica che ne è derivata, a cominciare dalla Strange Situation della Ainsworth e dalle osservazioni in casa ad essa correlate. Vengono pure riferiti gli studi sulla trasmissione transgenerazionale, sui modelli di lavoro interni e gli studi longitudinali. L'argomento principale del lavoro è costituito dagli studi transculturali condotti in Germania, Israele e Giappone. Nella Germania settentrionale, in confronto agli Stati Uniti, venne trovata una frequenza maggiore di comportamenti evitanti nei bambini. Questo dato è stato correlato con la richiesta culturale di una prematura fiducia in sé. Si suggerisce che nei bambini evitanti della Germania settentrionale noi vediamo l'ontogenesi precoce del carattere autoritario. N2 - >Resúmen de datos empíricos sobre el carácter social alemán y compararciones transculturales<: En la ponencia se describen la teoría del apego, como tal desarrollada por Bowlby y una investigación empírica derivada de ella, comenzando con la >extraña situación< de Ainsworth y las correspondientes observaciones que se refieren al caso. Se describen, asímismo, los estudios de la transmisión de modelos transgeneracionales y de los modelos que trabajan internamente como también estudios longitudinales. El argumento principal de la ponencia se refiere a estudios transculturales desarrollados en Alemania, Israel y Japón. Comparado con los EEUU, en Alemania del Norte se registró una mayor frecuencia de comportamiento esquivo en los bebés. Dicho resultado ha sido relacionado con la exigencia cultural de una prematura confianza en sí mismo. Se sugiere que en los niños en cuestión se ve la ontogenia precoz del carácter autoritario. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacciagaluppi, Marco T1 - Fromm's Views on Narcissism and the Self JF - J. Fiscalini and A. L. Grey (Eds.), Narcissism and the Interpersonal Self New York (Columbia University Press) 1993, pp. 91-106. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacciagaluppi, Marco T1 - Ferenczi's Influence on Fromm JF - L. Aron and A. Harris (Eds.), The Legacy of Sándor Ferenczi, Hillsdale and London (The Analytic Press) 1993, pp. 185-198. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baars, Jan A1 - Scheepers, Peer T1 - Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of the Authoritarian Personality, JF - Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 29 (No. 4, Oct. 1993), pp. 345-353. N2 - Although Theodor W. Adorno, Else Frenkel-Brunswick, Daniel J. Levinson, and R. Nevitt Stanford promised to later review the theoretical contributions that guided their work when they published The Authoritarian Personality in 1950, this was never done. Nor have any of the 1,200+ subsequent studies on authoritarianism focused explicitly on the theoretical ideas that resulted in the nine subsyndromes introduced in the original study: conventionalism, authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression, antiintraception, superstition and stereotype, power and toughness, destructiveness and cynicism, projectivity, and concern with sex. Assessed here, therefore, are the theoretical and methodological contributions that were eventually incorporated into the classical conception of authoritarianism, particularly those of Erich FROMM, who had been working on a similar concept since the late 1920s. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bahro, Rudolf T1 - Wir sind Teil der Megamaschine JF - Ich. Die Psychozeitung, Berlin (UVA), Vol. 4 (No. 2, 1993), pp. 30-31. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacciagaluppi, Marco A1 - Biancoli, Romano T1 - Frommian Themes in a Case of Narcissistic Personality Disorder JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 441-452. N2 - Presents a case study of a 30-yr-old man treated for narcissistic personality disorder and attempts to show how further contributions to an alternative approach to psychoanalysis can come from E. FROMM. FROMMian themes are all present in the case in varying degrees. It is suggested that the 2 main features of this case (narcissism and homosexuality) were the outcome of a pathological symbiosis with both parents. Eight themes, drawn both from FROMM's published works and from his unpublished writings, are stressed, including benign vs malignant aggression, having vs being, homosexual and incestuous symbiosis, and secret family narcissism. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arden, Margaret T1 - Thoughts on the Healing Process JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Oslo (Scandinavian University Press), Vol. 2 (No. 3, September 1993), pp. 149-154. N2 - The process of healing in psychoanalysis is considered from a holistic point of view instead of the usual scientific and medical models. The revolution in thinking represented by the sciences of complexity is discussed as a basis for a holistic concept of healing. An example is given of clinical change achieved by non-psychoanalytic means in order to suggest new ways of thinking about how healing occurs in psychotherapy. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anzaldúa, G. T1 - The New Mestiza JF - Ch. Lemert (Ed.), Social Theory. The Multicultural and Classic Readings, Boulder etc. (Westview Press) 1993, pp. 626-632. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Appleton, M. T1 - Selbstregierung in Summerhill JF - Ich. Die Psychozeitung, Berlin (UVA), Vol. 4 (No. 1, 1993), pp. 20. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aron, L. T1 - Working Toward Operational Thought: Piagetian Theory and Psychoanalytic Method JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 289-313. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anderson, Kevin T1 - On Hegel and the Rise of Social Theory: A Critical Appreciation of Herbert Marcuse's Reason and Revolution, Fifty Years Later JF - Sociological Theory, Vol. 11 (No. 3, November 1993), pp. 243-267. Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anderson, J. T1 - Intimate Space: On the Developmental Significance of Exchange JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, New York (William Alanson White Psychoanalytic Society), Vol. 29 (1993), pp. 595-612. Y1 - 1993 ER -