TY - GEN A1 - Hu, Caihong T1 - A Study of Marx’s Alienation Theory 马克思的异化理论研究, Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China 2016. N2 - 《1844年经济学哲学手稿》自发表以来,受到西方及中国理论界多方释义和分析。马克思异化理论不仅体现在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,在《黑格尔法哲学批判》、《神圣家族》、《德意志意识形态》以及后面的《资本论》中都体现马克思异化理论。马克思异化理论不是静态的,它随着马克思思想的不断成熟和深入而不断发展。 《1844年经济学哲学手稿》、 黑格尔法哲学批判》等马克思早期异化理论更体现了马克思人道主义的价值观。《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》、《德意志意识形态》等马克思中期异化理论更体现唯物主义、方法论解决方面的异化思想。后面随着马克思唯物史观的形成,异化范畴在其认识论意义上揭示了商品拜物教、资本拜物教、货币拜物教等在资本主义社会存在的普遍现象。人是马克思的终极关怀,脱离了人的世界,脱离了对人的存在与本质的研究是不切实际的,马克思异化理论反映了马克思对人的价值的终极探索和研究。本文以马克思唯物史观的发展脉络为线索,把马克思异化理论分为马克思早期异化理论、中期异化理论和晚期异化理论。通过研究,可以看出马克思异化理论的时代鲜明性,马克思异化理论不仅对一百多年前中国面临社会主义道路和资本主义道路的道路选择时起到一定作用,对当下社会主义初级阶段存在的诸多异化现象的消除也能起到一定的折射性思考和帮助作用。本文分为五个部分,第一部分即前言部分,笔者对马克思异化理论的研究缘由、>异化<概念的界定、马克思异化理论的国内外研究现状、马克思异化理论的研究的目的和意义、研究的基本的方法、文章的创新之处进行了说明。第二部分即第一章,笔者对马克思异化理论产生的背景和理论渊源进行了分析和说明。资本主义条件下人的命运和文艺复兴之间形成的鲜明的对比,是马克思异化理论产生的背景。霍布斯关于人的权力转让的异化、卢梭的异化思想、黑格尔绝对精神的异化、费尔巴哈关于人本质的异化都对马克思异化理论的产生起了推动作用。它们是马克思异化理论产生的理论渊源。第三部分即第二章,这也是文章重要的一章。笔者对马克思异化理论的发展历程和主要内容进行了分析和研究。马克思的异化理论反映在马克思的很多著作中,笔者以马克思唯物史观的发展历程,将马克思异化理论分早、中、晚期详细进行了说明。第四部分即第三章,笔者对马克思异化理论在西方的演变进行了简要分析。对西方马克思主义的典型代表人物卢卡奇、弗洛姆、马尔库塞以及列斐伏尔的异化理论进行了一定的介绍和说明。第五部分即第四章,笔者分析了马克思异化理论的当代启示。结合十八大,十八届五中全会提出的以人为本、促进人的全面发展的倡导,从发展生产力;倡导和谐社会、加大人文关怀;倡导生态文明,人与自然的和谐共处这些方面入手对马克思异化理论的当代启示进行了分析和说明。 N2 - Since the Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844 was published, it has been multiple interpretation and analysis by Western and Chinese scholars. Marx’s theory of alienation is reflected not only in Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844, but also in Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Law, the Holy Family, German Ideology and later Das Kapital. Marx’s alienation theory is not static, It is developing with maturity and depth of Marx’s thought.. Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844, the Hegel’s Criticism of Legal Philosophy which is Marx’s early alienation theory reflects the values of the Marx’s thought of humanitarianism, and the Outline of Feuerbach, German Ideology which are Marx’s medium term alienation theory reflect more alienation though of materialism and methodology in terms of solution, as formation of the Marxist historical materialism, alienation category in the epistemological sense reminds commodity fetishism, capital fetishism, money fetishism which are common feature in capitalist society. Man is Marx’s ultimate care, separating from the human world, separating from the study of human existence and essence are unreasonable, Marx’s alienation theory reflects the Marx’s ultimate exploration and research for human value. Based on the development of Marx’s historical materialism, this paper divided Marx’s alienation theory into Marx’s early stage alienation theory, the medium term alienation theory, and the late alienation theory. Through the research, we can see distinctive embodiments of the age that Marx’s alienation theory reflects, Marx’s alienation theory not only plays a certain role for the choice of the socialist road and capitalist road when more than one hundred years ago in China, but also play a certain reflective thinking and help for the elimination of alienation in the primary stage of socialism. This paper is divided into five parts, the first part is the preface, the author illustrated the investigative reasons of Marx’s alienation theory, the definitions of >alienation<, foreign and domestic research status of Marx’s alienation theory, purposes and significances of the study of Marx’s alienation, the basic methods and the innovations of the article.– The second part is the first chapter, the author analyzes the background and theoretical origins of the produce of Marx’s alienation theory. The distinct contrast between the fate of capitalism and Renaissance, is the background of Marx’s alienation theory. Hobbes’s alienation theory about transfer of human rights, Rousseau’s theory of alienation, Hegel’s alienation theory about absolute spirit, Feuerbach’s alienation on human essence have played a role in promoting for the produce of Marx’s alienation theory. They are the theoretical origins of Marx’s alienation theory.– The third part is the second chapter, this part is also an important chapter of this article. The author analyzes and studies the development course and main contents of Marx’s alienation theory. Marx’s alienation theory is reflected in many books of Marx, the author on the basis of the development of historical materialism, divides Marx’s alienation theory into early, middle and late to explain.– The fourth part is the third chapter, the author gives a brief analysis of the evolution of Marx’s alienation theory in the West. The author also introduces and explains alienation theory of Lukács, Fromm, Marcuse and Lefebvre who are typical representative character in Western.– The fifth section is the fourth chapter, the author analyzes the modern enlightenment of Marx’s alienation theory. Combined with encouraging all-round development of human which is proposed in Eighteenth CPC National Congress and Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth CPC Central Committee, Marx’s alienation theory is analyzed and explained through these parts that developing the productive forces; promoting the harmonious society, increasing the humanistic care; advocating the harmonious coexistence of human and nature. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2016 ER -