TY - JOUR A1 - Robbins, R. A. T1 - Individuality and Literacy: Historical Perspective. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association (96th, Atlanta, GA, August 12-16, 1988), 8 p. N2 - The technology of literacy for any given culture helps to Determine the character of its members. In less than 3,000 years, Western culture has been transformed from an oral/aural culture through many increasingly literate phases to a present stage which is approaching >computer literacy<. Erich FROMM suggests that in the course of Western civilization, the trend has been one of increasing individuation and experienced individuality. He argues that as humans have gained more freedom, they have come to feel more lonely and alienated from each other than in cultures with less freedom, where people have greater feelings of security and belonging. The social upheavals of the Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation have enlarged people's freedom, leaving them with the conflict between individuality and security. Shifts in literacy technology, such as the discovery/invention of the transposable alphabet and the development of a practical method for casting movable type, form part of the underpinning of shifts in human consciousness. What, then, are the implications of the current pre-eminence of computers in modern society? What spiritual and philosophical views might be generated as a result of >computer literacyPándy 11< JF - D. Plecas (Ed.), Working Papers. Vol. 2, Osijek (Faculty of Education) and Pécs (Faculty of Education) 1988, pp. 297-308. Y1 - 1988 N1 - Given to the Fromm Archives after Fromm's death ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rekola, J. T1 - Piirteitä Therapeian seminaarin vaiheista JF - Psykoterapia, Helsinki, (No. 2/3, 1988), pp. 47-50. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kulish, N. M. T1 - Precocious Ego Development and Obsessive Compulsive Neurosis JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 16 (1988), pp. 167-188. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oddo, L. T1 - Psicologia e riforma morale in America [Psychology and moral reform in America] JF - Giornale Storico di Psicologia Dinamica, Vol. 12 (No. 24, June 1988), pp. 111-142. N2 - Argues that religious principles--especially Puritan theology--have never ceased to be an undercurrent in American psychology and psychiatry. The Puritan doctrine of human nature, sin, and the Covenant of Grace made the individual responsible for madness as a consequence of sin and unbridled passions; hence, the >moral management< treatment of the insane in Colonial America. Humanistic psychologists (e.g., H. S. Sullivan, K. Horney, E. FROMM, C. Rogers) attributed mental disease to lack of, or only partial, integration into one's sociocultural environment: this goal could be achieved through therapy. Psychology and psychiatry became substitutes for religion, but the Puritan ability to confront the darkest aspects of the human psyche was lost. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brickman, B. T1 - Psychoanalysis and Substance Abuse: Toward a More Effective Approach JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 16 (1988), pp. 359-380. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eckardt Horney, Marianne T1 - Psychoanalysis is Alive and Well: Meeting the Challenges of Diversity JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 16 (1988), pp. 417-430. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tuttman, S. T1 - Psychoanalytic Concepts of >The Self< JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 16 (1988), pp. 209-220. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - GEN ED - Dahl, H. ED - Kaechele, H. ED - Thomae, H. T1 - Psychoanalytic Process Research Strategies. Berlin (Springer) 1988. Y1 - 1988 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pilgrim, David T1 - Psychotherapy in British Special Hospitals: a case of failure to thrive JF - Free Association, No. 11 (1988), pp. 058-072. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beese, Friedrich T1 - Psykoanalyysi saksassa JF - Psykoterapia, Helsinki, (No. 4/5, 1988), pp. 16-25. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benedetti, Gajetano T1 - Psykoottisesti sairaan tavoittaminen yksilöpsykoterapiassa JF - Psykoterapia, Helsinki, (No. 2/3, 1988), pp. 22-31. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Siirala, Marti T1 - Psykoterapeuttista hoitokotia suunnittelemassa JF - Psykoterapia, Helsinki, (No. 2/3, 1988), pp. 2-13. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Psykoterapia, Helsinki, No. 4/5 (1988); No. 3/4 (1990); No. 3 (1991). Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Csoknya, M. A1 - Halasy, K. A1 - Gábriel, R. T1 - Quantitative Studies on the Caece of Developing Chicks JF - D. Plecas (Ed.), Working Papers. Vol. 2, Osijek (Faculty of Education) and Pécs (Faculty of Education) 1988, pp. 241-250. Y1 - 1988 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Mitchell, Stephen. A. T1 - Relational Concepts in Psychoanalysis. An Integration. Cambridge, MA (Harvard University Press) 1988. Y1 - 1988 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER -