TY - BOOK A1 - Schönefeld, Marcel T1 - Gefühls(leben). Wie sollte ich sein oder wer bin ich wirklich. Typecript, Berlin 2014, 151 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöbet, Stefan T1 - Jürgen Kuczynski: ›Die Erziehung des J.K. zum Kommunisten und Wissenschaftler‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 151-164. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwan, Gesine T1 - Taugt Erich Fromm heute für die politische Praxis? Erich Fromm Lecture 2013 JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 85-90. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014v Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014v ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schröter, Michael T1 - Vor der Schwelle zum Lehrinstitut, oder: Zwischen lokaler Selbstbehauptung und zentralistischer Unterordnung. Karl Landauer und das alte Frankfurter Psychoanalytische Institut JF - Psyche, Vol. 68 (2014), pp. 122–161. N2 - Nach 1918 setzte sich in der deutschen Psychoanalyse ein nationalzentralistisches Organisationsprinzip durch – gegen die Option, eine zweite süddeutsche Vereinigung neben der Berliner Gruppe (ab 1926 DPG) zu schaffen. Berlin erlangte in der Freud-Schule die Zuständigkeit für ganz Deutschland. Andere Gruppen wurden der DPG als »Arbeitsgemeinschaften« zugeordnet; lokale Kandidaten mussten einen Aufnahmevortrag in Berlin halten. Die damit gestiftete Spannung trat vor allem gegenüber der Frankfurter/Südwestdeutschen Arbeitsgemeinschaft hervor, die 1926 maßgeblich von Karl Landauer gegründet wurde. Sie war mit zuletzt 4–5 fertigen Analytikern die größte Gruppe in Deutschland außerhalb Berlins. Landauer, in Wien geschult und ab 1925 Mitglied in Berlin, führte einige Lehranalysen durch, im Rahmen der Berliner Vorschriften. Aber kein Frankfurter Kandidat schaffte die Aufnahme in die DPG ohne Nachausbildung in Berlin; Erich Fromm fiel zweimal mit Probevorträgen durch. S.H. Fuchs, 1928–1930 in Wien ausgebildet, wehrte sich gegen dieses Aufnahmeverfahren. Als Landauer 1929, bedrängt von Heinrich Meng, das Frankfurter Institut schuf, betonten beide, dass sie keine Ausbildung beabsichtigten. Das war nur die kurzfristige Wahrheit. Die Ambivalenz eines Instituts, das seine Ambitionen zunächst verdunkelte, ist für die Frankfurter Psychoanalyse ebenso kennzeichnend wie ihre Nähe zur akademischen Welt, insbesondere zur Soziologie (M. Horkheimer, N. Elias). – Die vorliegende Arbeit verwertet erstmals zahlreiche Stücke aus der Korrespondenz zwischen Landauer und Max Eitingon. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Frauke T1 - Religionskritik und Religionsverständnis bei Erich Fromm, Prüfungsarbeit, Univer¬sität Oldenburg, Oldenburg 1983, 118 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Daniela T1 - Freud oder Fromm? Die Perestroika ist nah! JF - Aufbruch, ed. by GPZ Ueberlingen, Überlingen 2014 (Sommerausgabe), pp. 26-29. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlaudt, Oliver T1 - Margarete Turnowsky-Pinner: ›Eine Studienfreundschaft mit Ernst Toller‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 359-376. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheidle, Ilona T1 - ›Eine Folge der gegen Frauen errichteten Schranken‹ Marie Baum (1874 – 1964) JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 27-44. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaeffer, Katharina T1 - Überlegungen zum Konsum in >Konsum und Schmerz< von John Berger sowie >Haben oder Sein< von Erich Fromm, Studienarbeit, Fachbereich Kunst – Allgemeines, Kunsttheorie, Alanus Hochschule für Kunst und Gesellschaft in Alfter, Grin Verlag 2014, 39 pp. N2 - Die Thematik des Konsums ist eine, die mich persönlich interessiert und immer wieder beschäftigt. Im Zuge des Seminars >Kunst und Gesellschaft, Ästhetik und Ethik bei John Berger< befassten wir uns ebenfalls mit Konsum, was mich dazu verleitete, diese Hausarbeit zu verfassen. Dabei werden neben John Berger verschiedene Autoren sowie deren Auseinandersetzung mit und Sichtweise auf den Konsum untersucht. Es handelt sich bei ihnen um die Werbe-Experten Kroeber-Riel und Franz-Rudolf Esch sowie den Literat Erich Fromm.Kurzbiografie sowie enge Textarbeit dienen dazu, einen möglichst guten und authentischen Einblick in Denk- und Schreibweise der Autoren zu vermitteln. So soll der Konsum aus verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten – persönlich, sozial-ethisch und ökonomisch – betrachtet werden. Nach einer Definition des Begriffes Konsum widmet sich der Essay diversen Fragestellungen rund um das Thema Konsum, die jeweils mittels Textauszügen erarbeitet und letztendlich beantwortet werden. Zunächst soll die Frage, wie der Konsum, wie wir ihn heute kennen, eigentlich entstanden ist. John Berger über die Zusammenhänge zwischen Konsum und Schmerz in seinem gleichnamigen Artikel Auskunft. Wie der Hyper-Konsum entsteht beziehungsweise mit welchen Strategien und Techniken die Werbung beim Verbraucher ein Pseudo-Konsum-Bedürfnis schafft kann anhand des Werkes >Strategie und Technik der Werbung< von Esch und Kroeber-Riel nachvollzogen werden. Wolf Lotter stellt in seinem brand-eins-Magazin die Frage nach dem richtigen Maß. Und Fromm >resümiert ... Gedankengänge früherer Werke< ... in seinem Buch >Haben oder Sein<. All diese Schriftstücke dienen als Grundlage für den Essay und sollen in einem umfassenden Fazit reflektiert und resümiert werden. [Exlibris.ch] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sayre, Robert T1 - Review Löwy, M.: La cage d’acier: Max Weber et le marxisme wébérien JF - Critical Research on Religion, Vol. 2 (No. 2, August 2014), pp. 218-221. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauka, Anne A1 - Sauka, Ainārs A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erich Fromm und die Frage der Freiheit in Lettland. Anne und Ainārs Saukas im Interview mit Rainer Funk T2 - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 6-8. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014a Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014a ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauka, Anne T1 - Sein oder Haben? Leibsein und das inszenierte Leben JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 63-66. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014q Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014q ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauka, Anne T1 - >Būt< un >piederēt< miesiskās patības ētikas kontekstā JF - I. Suvajevs (Ed.), Begsana no brivibas? Erihs Fromms un Latjija, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 93-107. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauka, Ainārs T1 - Cilvēka atsvešināti sociālā un dionīsiskā būšana JF - I. Suvajevs (Ed.), Begsana no brivibas? Erihs Fromms un Latjija, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 109-118. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saltman, Kenneth J. T1 - The Austerity School: Grit, Character, and the Privatization of Public Education JF - Symploke, Vol. 22 (No. 1-2, 2014), pp. 41-57. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sakurai, Takamichi T1 - Contemporary Fascist Chauvinism in Terms of Erich Fromm’s Theory of Alienation. A Theoretical Suggestion for an Analysis of Contemporary Society (in Japanese) JF - Journal Jōkyō, Vol. 5 (No. 6, 2017), pp. 115-126. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sakurai, Takamichi T1 - Political Theory and Narcissism. Towards the Self. Reflection•of Knowledge and Politics through Focusing on the Psychoanalyltic Perspectives of Erich Fromm and Shözö Fujita. Dissertation Political Theory, University of Heidelberg, 2014, 292 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rubin, Jeffrey B. T1 - Each Individual is a Surprise: A Conversation with Marianne Horney Eckardt JF - American Journal of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 74, No. 2 (2014), pp. 115-122. [Online ISSN 1573-6741] [doi.org/10.1057/ajp.2014.3] N2 - >Each Individual is a Surprise< is a brief account of a dialogue between Marianne Horney Eckardt and myself about the state of psychoanalysis and the psychoanalytic process, the danger of idolatry, the damaging impact of psychoanalytic schools when they create a standardized and pathologizing approach to people, the value of curiosity and humility and retaining one’s clinical creativity. The role of Rank, Horney, Sullivan, and Fromm in Dr. Eckardt’s long life and rich work is touched upon. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rosenberg Javors, Irene T1 - Revisiting >Beyond the Chains of Illusion: My Encounter with Marx and Freud<. Reflections on Fromm's Theory and Practice within the Psychotherapeutic Encounter JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. 215-219. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Risthania, Olivia Fergie T1 - The Unrequited Love as Reflected in William Blake's >Love Secret< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Lantern – Journal on English Language, Culture and Literature (Diponegoro University), Vol. 3, No. 4 (February 2014). N2 - The purpose of this final academic paper is to describe the love story which tells sadness in William Blake’s >Love's Secret<. The writer adopts Erich Fromm’s theory of unrequited love from >The Art of Loving<. This final academic paper concerns intrinsic and extrinsic side of the poem. In the intrinsic side, the writer discusses about the existing diction and figurative language such as denotation and connotation and imagery to understand the true meaning of the poem. The extrinsic side, the writer discusses about unrequited love. The writer used library research, note-taking and internet browsing for collecting the data. The result is that love does not only bring happiness but also deep sadness for the speaker of the poem as unrequited love which is reflected in >Love's Secret<. So, it succeeds in bringing the readers to feel what the speaker feels. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinhardt, Stephan T1 - Carl Zuckmayer: ›Offen für alles Ungenormte und Kühne‹ – ›Krieg ist kein Schicksal‹, sondern ›Verblödung‹ und ›Verdummung‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 403-415. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rebiger, Bill T1 - Auch eine Berliner Kindheit um Neunzehnhundert. Zur Biographie von Gershom Scholem bis 1915 JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 019-036. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ratner Rosenhagen, Jennifer T1 - Review Friedman, L. J.: The Lives of Erich Fromm: Love's Prophet JF - The Journal of American History, Vol. 101, No. 2 (Sep 2014), pp. 643-644. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quan, Yan T1 - Human Alienation and Its Way Out [人的异化及其出路], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, CPC Zhejiang Provincial Party School, China 2014. N2 - 当今时代科学技术迅猛发展,人类在自身的发展过程中取得了巨大的物质财富,同时也在某种程度上陷入了生存的困境,面临着异化的危机。马克思早在一百多年前就提出了异化概念,至今异化问题仍然是学术研究的一个热门领域。很多学者,特别是西方马克思主义对当今的社会特别是发达的资本主义社会当中存在的异化现象进行了比较深入和系统的研究。他们从各个领域分别对异化的具体表现进行了细致入微的分析,将异化给人类带来的负面影响刻画得入木三分。同时,包括马克思及其他学者在内,他们也尝试着提出了自己对于解决异化问题的思路。比如卢卡奇、列斐伏尔提出来以总体性来消除异化的观点,他们认为要扬弃异化首先必须从哲学上恢复对总体性的认识,只有揭示物化意识并且培养起无产阶级的阶级意识,才能使无产者成为社会现实的改造者。马尔库塞以及生态学马克思主义者从技术的角度探讨了消除异化的可能,他们主张发展能将科技与艺术结合起来的新技术以及发展小规模的技术,以此来试图逃避异化的命运。弗洛姆等人则探讨了通过革命来消除异化的可能。国内的学者受西方学者的影响较大,他们也提出了自己关于异化出路的一些思考。作者通过自己的阅读与思考,尝试从文化的层面来探讨异化的出路问题。文章共分为四个部分。第一章是导论部分,主要说明了文章的选题意义以及国内外对该问题的研究现状。第二章重点阐释了异化概念的内涵及异化的具体表现,主要是从资本、交往、劳动、文化以及消费等几个领域来分析其具体表现的。第三章分析了异化产生的根源,先通过分析将几种异化类型归结为资本异化和技术异化两种,紧接着从精神层面分析指出人们的贪念与好逸恶劳、投机取巧是这两种异化产生的心理基础,这可以从文化层面入手为减少异化做出努力。第四章接着前一章进一步分析了异化的出路。这一部分首先给出了前人的研究成果,然后通过分析给出了自己的答案,主张通过复兴中国传统文化中的优秀成分为人类有效地避免异化提供精神上的帮助。 N2 - Now with the rapid development of science and technology, human made great achievements in its development process of the material possessions, at the same time also fell into the dilemma of survival, facing a deep sense of alienation. Alienation is still a hot area of academic research today. Marx put forward the concept of alienation as early as one hundred years ago, but the alienation phenomenon that Marx said still exists in today’s society. Many scholars, especially the western Marxism have a deep and systematic study of alienation phenomenon in modern society especially in the developed capitalist society. They have carefully analyzed the manifestation of alienation from various fields. At the same time, including Marx and others, they put forward train of thought to solve the problem of alienation. Lukács and Lefebvre put forward the opinion of eliminating the alienation overall. They insist that we should recover the understanding of overall to abandon the alienation. Only by revealing materialized consciousness and cultivating class consciousness of the proletariat, can proletarians be shapers of social reality. Marcuse and Ecology Marxism discussed the way to eliminating alienation from the perspective of technology. They advised that develop small-scale technology or new technology that could combine technology with art, trying to avoid the fate of alienation. Fromm thought that revolution could eliminate alienation. Scholars in China are deeply influenced by the western scholars, putting forward their thoughts about the way of alienation. After reading and thinking individually, the author study the way out of alienation from the perspective of culture, putting forward the idea of eliminating alienation by renaissance of Chinese traditional culture. This passage consists of four parts. The first chapter is introduction which mainly illustrates selected topic significance of the article and the domestic and foreign research status quo of the problem.– The second chapter analyses the connotation of the concept of alienation and the alienation of the manifestation, analyzing its performance mainly from several areas such as capital, exchanges, labor, culture and consumption.– The third chapter analyzed the root causes of alienation. They could come down to capital alienation and technology alienation, followed by the root causes of them.– The fourth chapter further analyzes the way out of alienation after previous chapter. This part firstly presents the predecessors’ research results, and then gives his answer through the analysis. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Qi, Liuzhu T1 - On the Aesthetic Actualization of Fromm’s Ideas about Freedom [论弗洛姆自由思想的审美性实现], Master thesis, Aesthetics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China 2014 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 弗洛姆在20世纪生活了80年,时代的风云变幻在他心里留下了深刻的痕迹。犹太——基督教传统、弗洛伊德和马克思的思想对其思想的形成影响巨大。心理因素对自由的影响是弗洛姆考虑的主要问题。人类自由所遭受的最严重威胁,不在外部,而在人的内心之中。只有当人的内在的心理状况能确保人们的个性时,摆脱外在的权威才能持久地巩固。积极自由的实现有赖于人的整体性人格的实现,有赖于积极地表现人的情感的和理智的潜能的实现。实现自我的创造性是自发性活动的重要表现,实现与人交往的>爱<则是自发性的主要成分。人的情感情绪贯穿了审美活动的全过程。与一般意志相比,审美意志有着更大的自由度。它可以依据主体的目的、动机和理想等自由地选择审美客体、自由地运用想象和联想,从而对客体自由地判断和评价,创造审美意象。原创性是审美活动得以发展,艺术生命得以延续的根本原因。审美活动对原创性的需求是必然的,它的出现也是必然的。即便是在>发达资本主义时代<,艺术家仍然保持着难得的清醒,保留着自觉性和主体意识。主体的审美直觉,是整个审美活动的开端,是各种后继审美心理内容和审美形式的基础。它同时又沉淀、渗透于这些后继的心理内容和形式之中。从对审美直觉的分析可以看出,在审美交往的初级阶段,主体对客体已有从被动向主动发展的趋势。通过想象,人们可以对眼前的形象进行改造和创造,形成审美的联系。但审美主体对事物的改造并不是任意的。牢固的审美关系须建立在对审美对象的尊重之上。艺术家通过想象与对象融为一体,从而达到与物的交流。审美主体对客体从认识到接受是一个充满变化的过程。审美既是这一过程的结果,也是这一过程的目的。当这一目的实现之后,主体并不满足,而是继续发掘对象,深化审美的联系。自发性活动是解决自由问题的唯一办法,但现代社会却使人丧失了批判的能力,无法认识到真实的现实和真实的自己。人不能自发的实现自己,不能通过真实的自我而与周遭世界建立正常的联系,因而不但造成了人与世界的疏远和破坏,也造成了对自己身份认同的深切怀疑和恐惧。在审美的过程中,人们不但能够实现真正的自由,而且背弃自由的人也可以重新感受到真正的自由。审美追求是人对自我创造能力的全面实现和以爱连结万物的追求。它的动态的满足即为人的自发性的不断实现。因此,弗洛姆的自由思想便通过审美的方式得以实现。 N2 - Fromm lived in the20th century for 80years, during which the events and changes of the era had profound influence on his heart. The Jewish-Christian tradition, Freud and Marx’s thought had had a huge impact on the formation of his thought. The influence of psychological factors on freedom is the main problem that Fromm considered. The most serious threat to man’s freedom is not from the outside world, but man’s inner world. Man’s freedom consolidates abidingly only when his inner psy-chological status can ensure his personality and get rid of the influence of authority. The realization of positive freedom relies on the realization of the wholeness of the personality and that of man’s potential in expressing his feelings and intellect positively. The self-realization of creativity is an important performance of spontaneous activity, while the actualization of love in human relationship is the main composition of spontaneity. - The whole process of the aesthetic activities is run through with human feelings and emotions. Compared with common will, there is more freedom in aesthetic will, which can choose aesthetic objects and imagine and associate freely, basing on the aim, motivation and ideality of the subject, thereby freely judge and evaluate the objects and create imago. Originality is the fundamental reason for the development of aesthetic activity and the continuity of art. Originality is the inevitable demand for Aesthetic activity, and its emergence is also inevitable. Even in the >era of capitalism<, artists still remain lucid, keeping his consciousness and subject consciousness. - The subject’s aesthetic intuition is the beginning of the whole aesthetic activity and the foundation of all sorts of subsequent aesthetic mental content and aesthetic form. It also reflects in all sorts of subsequent aesthetic mental content and aesthetic form. From the analysis of aesthetic intuition, we can see the tendency that, in the early stages of aesthetic communication, the subject’s perception of the objects is becoming from passive to active. By imagination, people can modify and recreate the image within sight, thereby develop an aesthetic relationship. However, the aesthetic subject’s transformation of objects is not arbitrary. A strong aesthetic relationship must be based on the respect for the aesthetic objects. Artists become integrated with the objects through imagination, so as to communicate with them. The process of the aesthetic subject’s relationship with the objects, from understanding to acceptance, is full of changes. Aesthetic is both the result of this process and its goal. When this goal is realized, the subject is not satisfied, but continues to explore objects, deepen the aesthetic relationship. - Spontaneous activity is the only way to solve the problem of freedom, but modern society makes people lose the ability to criticize and unable to recognize the true reality and their real selves. Because people cannot actualize themselves spontaneous, nor can they establish the normal contact with the world around them with their true selves, the relationship between human beings and the world is estranged and even destructed, which makes people doubt and fear their self-identities. In the process of aesthetic, people can not only realize the real freedom, but also help people who have abandoned freedom to feel real freedom again. The pursuit of aesthetic is the overall implementation of self creation ability and the pursuit of connecting all things on earth with love. Its dynamic content is the continuous actualization. As a result, Fromm’s ideas about freedom are realized by means of aesthetic. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prager, Jeffrey T1 - Melancholia and the Racial Order: A Psychosocial Analysis of America’s Enduring Racism JF - L. Chancer and J. Andrews (Eds.), The Unhappy Divorce of Sociology and Psychoanalysis. Diverse Perspectives on the Psychosocial (Studies in the Psychosocial, ed. by Peter Redman), New York (Palgrave Macmillan) 2014, pp. 284-316. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poster, Mark F. T1 - Thoughts on war, trauma, and the need for diplomacy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 1, 2014), pp. 55-63. N2 - War is a uniquely human scourge with complex biological, psychological, social, and political determinants. In this paper, repetition-compulsions both in making war and in the diagnosis and treatment of war trauma are documented. The diagnosis and treatment of war trauma are reviewed from the Napoleonic wars until the present, and parallel tracks in the development of military history, neurology, and psychoanalysis are traced. A personal history of the author and a clinical case history are included to demonstrate the effect of war on both family members and soldiers. Prevention of war through political negotiation is emphasized. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Popovych, O. V. T1 - Соціогенезис психічних розладів та механізми компенсації в суспільстві [Sociogenesis of mental disorders and compensation mechanisms in society] JF - Грані [Granì], Vol. 110, No. 106 (2014), pp. 6-11. [Print ISSN 2077-1800] Грані [Granì], Vol. 110, No. 106 (2014), pp. 6-11. [Print ISSN 2077-1800] [grani.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/531/547] N2 - Положення про те, що порушення психічного здоров’я є наслідком процесу ускладненої соціалізації індивіда, досі є головною ідеєю психоаналізу. Дія феноменау компенсації осмислюється засновником психоаналізу З. Фрейдом у несвідомих механізмах психіки, у сновидіннях, у людських жартах і дотепах та ін. У цілому, весь простір культури просякнутий механізмами компенсації для адаптації й соціаліза ції особистості, що стає можливим за умов виявлення потенцій її креативності.Згідно з теорією К.-Г. Юнга, тяжкий психічний стан, «позасвідоме» та «компенсація» мають точку перетину, ніби приходять до спільного порога, за яким вступають у «хід» творчі здібності, складаючи джерело розвитку креативності. Механізми процесу компенсації фрагментарно збігаються з феноменом «Самості». Разом з тим, бінарні архетипи в структурі колективного несвідомого людської психіки також знаходяться у компенсаторній взаємодії. Поняття >компенсація – надкомпенсація< широко вживаються й А. Адлером у різних аспектах і позначають засіб подолання неповноцінності, засіб здобуття коректної моральної свободи. На основі комплексу неповноцінності розвивається компенсаторний комплекс переваги. Обидва комплекси мають щось спільне: будучи надмірно розвинені або врівноважуючи один одного, вони сприяють виключенню з корисного життя і невротизації. Але будучи наповнені соціальним змістом і проявляючись адекватно ситуації, вони виступають як сигнальні орієнтири. Згідно з концепцією К. Хорні, саме міжособистісну комунікацію можна визначити як механізм компенсації неврозів. В той же час Е. Фромм наповнює феномен компенсації соціальним змістом. Він описав три важливих компенсаторних синдроми: прагнення до панування, прагнення до підпорядкування, втеча в працю. Надбання психоаналізу не втратило своєї значущості і сьогодні, бо всі ці компенсаторні механізми діють і в сучасному суспільстві. N2 - The statement that mental health disorders are the result of the process of complicated socialization of the individual is still the main idea of psychoanalysis. Effects of the compensation phenomenon are considered by the founder of psychoanalysis S. Freud in the unconscious mechanisms of the psyche, in dreams, in people’s jokes and others. In general, the entire space of culture is permeated with compensation mechanisms for adaptation and socialization of a person, which becomes possible under the conditions of detection of the potentials of person’s creativity. According to the theory of K. G. Jung, a grave mental state, the unconscious and compensation have the point of intersection; they seem to come to the same threshold over which creative abilities come into force, forming the source of the development of creativity. The mechanisms of compensation process fragmentarily coincide with the phenomenon of Self. At the same time, binary archetypes in the structure of the collective unconscious of the human psyche are also in compensatory interactions. The terms >compensation overcompensation< are also widely used by A. Adler in different aspects and represent a means of overcoming the inferiority, a means of obtaining the correct moral freedom. On the basis of an inferiority complex, a compensatory superiority complex is developing. Both complexes have something in common: being developed excessively or balancing each other, they contribute to the exclusion from useful life and neurotization. But being filled with social content and manifesting adequately, they act as basic cues. According to the concept of K. Horney, it is interpersonal communication that can be defined as a mechanism of compensation of neurosis. At the same time, Erich Fromm fills compensation phenomenon with social content. He described three important compensatory syndromes: a desire for power, a desire for submission, and escape into work. The achievements of psychoanalysis have not lost their significance nowadays, as all these compensatory mechanisms operate in today’s society. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Polak, Marek T1 - Relações de poder na favela carioca: um breve esforço analítico [Les rapports de pouvoir dans le bidonville carioca: bref effort analytique] [Power relations in the Carioca slum: an brief analytical sketch] [Las relaciones de poder en la favela carioca: un breve resumen analítico] JF - Espaço e Economia. Revista brasileira de geografia econômica, Vol. 3, No. 5 (2014), pp. 1-29. [Online ISSN: 2317-7837] [doi.org/10.4000/espacoeconomia.1141] N2 - A favela no Rio de Janeiro constitui um fenômeno que, no espaço das últimas décadas, evoluiu, criando vários mecanismos sociais ausentes em outras partes da cidade. O artigo foca a análise das relações de poder na favela a partir dos trabalhos de Hannah Arendt e Erich Fromm, apontando na direção de soluções sistêmicas típicas de sistemas >totalistas<, o que traz consigo várias consequências para a formação humana do indivíduo. N2 - Le bidonville carioca constitue un phénomène qu’a augmenté dans les dernières décennies, en créant plusiers mécanismes sociaux qui n’existent pas dans les autres espaces de la ville. L’article souligne l’analyse des rapports de pouvoir dans le bidonville carioca à partir des travaux de Hannah Arendt et Erich Fromm, en indiquant des solutions systémiques propres aux systèmes >totalistes<, ce qui apporte plusiers effets sur la formation humaine de l’individu. N2 - The slum of Rio de Janeiro is a phenomenon which, during the time of decades of evolution, has created several social mechanisms absent in other parts of the city. The article is focused on analyzing the relations of power in the slum, from the theoretical concepts of Hannah Arendt and Erich Fromm. It shows the evolution of the relations of power in the slum into direction of systematic solutions characteristic for >totalistic< systems, which brings with itself various consequences for human individual development. N2 - La favela del Rio de Janeiro constituyó un fenómeno, cual en espacio de las décadas del desarrollo ha creado varios mecanismos sociales ausentes en las otras partes de la cuidad. El artículo concentra-se en una reseña de las relaciones del poder en la favela, desde los conceptos teoréticos de Hannah Arendt y Erich Fromm. El artículo apunta a la evolución de las relaciones del poder en la favela en la dirección de las soluciones sistemáticas particulares para las sistemas >totalistas<, lo que lleva consigo varias consecuencias para desarrollo individual del sujeto. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peterson, Charles A. T1 - The trial period and the creation of analytic patients JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 4, 2014), pp. 209-219. N2 - Just as there are many roads to Rome, the trial period may be considered one of many opening moves in psychotherapy or psychoanalysis. The responsive – and responsible – therapist must be many things to many patients, some of whom know nothing about the psychotherapeutic/analytic process. Freud advocated the trial period to help him take a >sounding< when he knew little about the patient and when the patient knew little about psychoanalysis. R.I.P.? This brief communication laments the apparent demise of this promising procedure and makes an effort at resurrection by describing the hitherto unmapped latent structure of the trial period. Even if there are fewer patients in psychoanalysis today, there may be a number of reasons to recommend a trial period, no matter what we name this period of optimistic uncertainty at the beginning of every treatment. Even if >consultation< is the term de jour, the psychoanalytic psychotherapist cannot escape certain role responsibilities at the beginning of every treatment, which has been made clear in the ethical principles of the American Psychoanalytic Association. What we will learn about the trial period should serve our understanding of what must also occur in the beginning of every psychotherapy or psychoanalysis. Conceptually, I propose that a trial analysis (1) will serve as a discriminative stimulus, signaling, to the patient, the unique nature of the analytic conversation; (2) will permit an in vivo assessment of the patient's suitability for psychoanalysis, and, more importantly, the fit between analyst and patient; (3) will provide anticipatory socialization for the unfamiliar and difficult roles of patient and therapist within the analytic process; (4) will offer true informed consent about the task facing therapist and patient; and (5) will facilitate an opportunity for therapeutic assessment, all of which will help the naive patient acquire the skills and lived experience to become an analytic patient. The trial period is the perfect host for all that must happen – and what we can do– to help naive patients become analytic patients. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peter-Erwin, Jansen T1 - Die Weltrevolution steht um die Ecke – Leo Löwenthal in Heidelberg JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 189-202. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peinthal, Angela T1 - Ernst Blass in Heidelberg und die ›Argonauten‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 59-70. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peglau, Andreas T1 - Anregungen zu einer Psychoanalyse des europäischen >Rechtsrucks<. Paper to be published online, Berlin 2014. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pavón-Cuéllar, David T1 - The Freudo-Marxist Tradition and the Critique of Psychotherapeutic Ideology JF - Psychotherapy and Politics International, Vol. 12, No.3 (2014), pp. 208-219. [Online ISSN 1556-9195] [doi.org/10.1002/ppi.1336] N2 - The ideology of psychotherapy is questioned through critical concepts taken from the Freudo-Marxist tradition. The paper first analyses in detail six determinant ideological processes detected in psychotherapy that three pioneers of Freudo-Marxism criticised in the 1920s: dualistic scission and metaphysical immobilisation (Luria); idealist generalisation and mechanistic determination (Bernfeld); and repressive adaptation and historical decontextualisation (Reich). Following this, it briefly reviews seven paired analogous processes that were denounced by continuators of the Freudo-Marxist tradition: valorative moralisation and the psychologisation of the social (Fenichel); instinctual–rational deprivation and the mechanisation of the subject (Adorno); alienating performance and surplus repression (Marcuse); manipulation and dehumanising alienation (Fromm); abstraction and mythologising (Bleger); authoritarianism and suggestion (Caruso); and depoliticisation and rationalisation (Langer). The argument will show how Freudo-Marxist questionings of these operations – many now forgotten – are still current and can be inspiring and enriching for a modern critique of psychotherapy. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Parker, Val T1 - An Exploration of the Concept of the Social Unconscious and its Application to Clinical Understanding JF - Group Analysis, Vol. 47 (No. 1, March 2014), pp. 30-41. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pangritz, Andreas T1 - Gesetz und Evangelium. Antijudaistische Vorurteile und Projektionen in der (evangelischen) Theologie JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 119-124. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014z1 Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014z1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pacquing, Ian Raymond B. T1 - The Philosophical Anthropology of Erich Fromm: The Conscious and the Unconscious in Man JF - Kritike, Vol. 8, pp. 77-97. N2 - The philosophical anthropology of Erich Fromm rests on his analysis of the existential dichotomy, which breaks man’s humanity. When man disobeys God in paradise, he begins to become human. He begins to be free. For Fromm, disobedience is a prerequisite towards freedom. However, there is in him a yearning to go back to paradise to enjoy the >roots of his own nature.< He wants to be secured and taken care by a loving God. This allegory was taken and interpreted by Fromm that man is separated from his own nature. In paradise, he is an animal. He does not possess any reason or freedom as a human being. Physiologically, he does what other creatures do. However, saying >no< to God’s commandment allowed him to become human. He has reason and freedom. He is forced to take the responsibility to build his own humanity. Now, he is torn between two existential nature i.e., his animal nature and human nature. There is no way for him to return to his paradisiacal roots. He has to move on and build his true human nature. For Fromm, this can be done through reason, faith, and love. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam T1 - >Freedom From< and >Freedom To< Across Countries JF - Social Indicators Research, Vol. 118, No. 3 (Sept. 2014), pp. 1009-1029. N2 - It has been over 70 years since Erich Fromm wrote >Escape from Freedom<. He defined two type of freedom: FREEDOM FROM (negative) and FREEDOM TO (positive). Fromm's masterpiece, however, does not measure the two types of freedom, and this is not surprising – there were no freedom data at the time. Now, there are plenty of data, and Fromm's concepts of freedom can be operationalized across countries. The two types of freedom, positive and negative, correlate at below 0.5, and such low correlation is surprising – I discuss outliers and point out that freedom is an end in itself, as recognized, for instance, by Amartya Sen. Furthermore, while we acknowledge the importance of FREEDOM FROM, we forget that FREEDOM FROM is not fully realized without FREEDOM TO: it's great to be free; but it's even better to feel free as well. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nollendorfs, Valters T1 - >Zwischen dem Absatz und der Erde<: Die bedrängte Freiheit in Lettland 1940-1991 JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 26-30. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014g Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014g ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Volker T1 - Gustav Radbruch und der Heidelberger Geist JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 277-292. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Necker, Gerold T1 - Gershom Scholems ambivalente Beziehung zu Deutschland JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 003-016. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Necker, Gerold T1 - >Wie Licht und Nacht< - zur Bedeutung von Friedrich Hölderlin bei Gershom JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 097-112. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mühlhausen, Walter T1 - Der Kampf des Herrn Vielgeschrey um die Republik – Carlo Mierendorffs frühe Warnungen vor dem Nationalsozialismus JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 261-276. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mészáros, Judit T1 - Ferenczi's >wise baby< phenomenon and resilience JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 1, 2014), pp. 3-10 N2 - How did psychoanalysis find its way from >traumatic progression< or >precocious maturity,< as described by Ferenczi at the beginning of the 1930s with its background in the >wise baby< phenomenon, to research on resilience? The paper focuses on psychoanalytic approaches to resilience. What was the contribution of ego psychology, object relations and attachment theories, self-psychology, and group experiences to understanding resilience? Results concerning resilience are based on longitudinal studies of early hospitalized or traumatized but >resilient children,< child survivors of genocides, wars, and communal violence, populations of children and adult refugees. The paper shows the different approaches to resilience, from factoral components to views of structures and processes, including the new ideas that place resilience and depletion as phenomena at the two ends of the same continuity of structural dimensions: psychobiological and object relational. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mustakova-Possardt, Elena A1 - Woodall, John T1 - Toward Social Health for a Global Community JF - Mustakova-Possardt, E., Lyubansky, M., Basseches, M., Oxenberg, J. (Eds.): Toward a Socially Responsible Psychology for a Global Era. International and Cultural Psychology, New York, NY (Springer) 2014, pp. 91-119. [Online ISBN 978-1-4614-7391-6] [doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7391-6_5] N2 - In this chapter, we take a systemic approach to developing a psychological understanding of processes of social health in a global socio-historical, political, and economic context. We examine levels of social health and associated psychological skills on each level. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Movahedi, Siamak T1 - The Narcissism of Minor Differences: The Status Anxiety and Disciplinary Intolerance between Sociology and Psychoanalysis JF - L. Chancer and J. Andrews (Eds.), The Unhappy Divorce of Sociology and Psychoanalysis. Diverse Perspectives on the Psychosocial (Studies in the Psychosocial, ed. by Peter Redman), New York (Palgrave Macmillan) 2014, pp. 140-158. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Morlok, Elke A1 - Musall, Frederek T1 - Die Geschichte seiner Freundschaft – Gershom Scholem – und die Benjamin-Rezeption in der Bonner Republik JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 115-143. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Morgenstern, Matthias T1 - >Eine bleibende Arbeitsgemeinschaft zwischen mir und Jerusalem<. Die Korrespondenz zwischen Otto Michel und Gershom Scholem JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 167-200. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Moer, Wim van T1 - Atheïstische religiositeit: Een pragmatische analyse in de geest van William James, Erich Fromm en Leo Apostel, Amsterdam (University Press) The Netherlands 2012, 254 pp.. N2 - Atheïsme en religiositeit lijken elkaars absolute tegenpolen. Filosoof Wim Van Moer stelt deze intuïtieve, ook onder atheïsten wijdverspreide overtuiging ter discussie. Deze analyse onthult dat de religieuze ervaring niet verbonden hoeft te zijn met een geloof in een bovennatuurlijke entiteit of realiteit. Geïnspireerd door Leo Apostel en in de voetsporen van William James en Erich Fromm, betoogt de auteur dat deze tegenstrijdigheid, zelfs binnen een radicaal atheïstisch vertoog, niet automatisch geldig is. Van Moer staaft deze stelling met een meeslepende fenomenologische analyse van de religieuze ervaring, die uitmondt in een theoretisch model waarmee hij religieuze ervaringen binnen een atheïstische context kan onderzoeken. [Taken from Publisher’s Website: http://nl.aup.nl/books/9789089644626-atheistische-religiositeit.html] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Miri, Sayed Javad T1 - Humanism and Sociological Imagination in a Frommesque Style JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. 31-36. Y1 - 2014 ER -