TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Jian T1 - Several Fables in >Zhuangzi< from the Perspective of Western Power Theories [西方权力理论视阈下的几则《庄子》寓言] JF - New Horizons from Tianfu [天府新论], No. 1 (2021), pp. 58-71. N2 - 本文借助福柯、弗洛伊德、马克思等人的权力理论分析《庄子》中儒生入仕、伯乐治马、不材之木、哑雁命薄等几则寓言。颜回、颜阖等儒生的仕途危机暗讽臣子才德只能迎合滥施酷刑的君主权力,其抑制君权的忠义仁孝等灵魂技术也类同于弗洛姆诊断的权威主义。相应地,孔子教导的心斋并非入仕之法,而是消解以尘世大他者欲望和法则为核心的自我理想,将知识分子引向不得已为之的机械化状态,从而破坏整个封建圣人之治抑或>大他者集体<,进入拉康的拓扑第四环>圣症<。庄子继而通过伯乐对野马的治理隐喻以古代人种学为基础的规训权力和生命权力,揭示圣人之治实则是煽动智巧竞赛和利欲争斗的人性堕落>集中营<,这同样预警当今资本权力以生产利润指标鲸吞人性和自然的危机。在对这世俗权力的揭批和自我理想的湮灭之上,庄子以实体即主体(天人合一)的思维,在大他者空缺中为知识分子指出了不材之木的人生道路,暗示他们必须如坏木、神木、毒木那般>不才权力<才能逃脱权力的规训和惩罚,但同时他也借哑雁被宰杀的故事担忧材与不材之间的艰难抉择,并指出天道的超时空拯救力。 N2 - This article draws on the power theories of Foucault, Freud and Marx to analyze several parables in Zhuangzi, such as the entry of Confucian scholars, the treatment of horses by Bole, the wood of untalented people, and the thin fate of the dumb goose. The crisis in the career of Confucian scholars such as Yan Hui and Yan Helu implies that the talent of the subject can only cater to the power of the abusive monarch, and that the soul techniques of loyalty, benevolence and filial piety that inhibit the power of the monarch are similar to Fromm's diagnosis of authoritarianism. Accordingly, Confucius's teaching of the heart is not a way to enter the world, but a way to dissolve the ideal of the self, which is centered on the desires and laws of the earthly Other, leading intellectuals to a mechanical state of necessity, thus destroying the entire rule of the feudal sage or the >Great Other Collective<, and entering the fourth loop of Lacan's topology, the >holy disease<. Zhuangzi goes on to reveal that the rule of the sage is in fact a >concentration camp< of human decadence that incites intellectual competition and lucrative rivalry, through the metaphor of the governance of the wild horse by the bole, which also warns of the crisis of the present-day capitalist power to whale away humanity and nature with its profit-producing targets. On top of the criticism of this worldly power and the annihilation of the ideal of the self, Zhuangzi uses the thinking of the entity as the subject (the unity of heaven and man) to point out for intellectuals the path of life of untalented wood in the vacancy of the Great Other, suggesting that they must be >untalented in power< like bad wood, divine wood, and poisonous wood in order to escape the discipline and punishment of power, but at the same time he also uses the story of the mute goose being slaughtered to worry about the difficult choice between untalented and untalented wood, and He also uses the story of the slaughter of the mute goose to worry about the difficult choice between material and nonmaterial, and to point out the power of the heavenly path to save. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chen, Jian T1 - Study on Fromm's Humanistic Ethics [弗洛姆人道主义伦理学研究], Master thesis, Ethics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2007. N2 - Erich Fromm is a well-known modern Western psychologists, philosophers and humanistic ethicist. Faced with the dehumanization caused by economic development, material abundance together with science and technology advancement in the 20th century, he was acutely aware that the progress of industrial civilization did nothing good to its sanity and perfectness for human soul. On the contrary, it made people roam in the knitting of the ecology imbalance, environment pollution and human alienation. In this regard, Fromm, who started with original value point of humanitarian ideology on the basis of criticizing the defects of industrial civilization, revealed the unique predicament of modern existence, and by dropping a shower of holy rain of love thoroughly, hoped for a revolution in human psychology, which could awaken human beings from the dream of alienation, thus achieving the liberation of humanity and sanity of the society. This paper, taking Fromm's humanistic ethical ideology as the main clue, explores his anthropology theory deeply and systematically.– First, through expounding his theory of human nature and social personality and survival situation of human alienation and escape from freedom, this paper lays the theoretical and practical basis for Fromm's humanistic ethics.– Second, the paper focuses on stating the theory on love and the value tendency towards paying attention to survival and contempt for occupation, which inherently includes Fromm's solution to the survival plight, and his value standard which he established for human beings getting rid of dichotomic living environment.– Then very naturally the paper points out: to build a sane society is his destination in the theory and practice of humanistic ethics, finally, it also points out its theoretical deficiencies and practical reference value in sorting out academic characteristics from Fromm's humanistic ethics. N2 - 埃利希.弗洛姆是现代西方著名的哲学家、心理学家和人道主义伦理学家,面对二十世纪的经济发展、物质丰裕、科技发达所造成的人的非人化境况,他敏锐地察觉出,工业文明的进步丝毫无益于人的心灵世界的健全与完善,相反却使人们徜徉于自己编织的生态失衡、环境污染和人性异化的网罗之中。对此、弗洛姆从人道主义思想的价值原点出发,在批判工业文明弊病的基础上,揭示出现代人独特的生存窘境,并寄望于通过普降爱的圣水、进行一场人性的心理革命,把人从异化的迷梦中唤醒,从而实现人性的解放和社会的健全。本文以弗洛姆的人道主义伦理思想为主线,对他的人学理论进行深入而系统地探讨。首先通过系统地阐发他的人性论和社会性格学说以及人的异化和逃避自由的生存境遇,夯实弗洛姆人道主义伦理思想的理论和现实基础;其次,重点阐述爱的理论和重生存轻占有的价值取向,这内蕴着弗洛姆对人类生存困境的解答以及他为人类走出二律背反的生存境遇所确立的价值向标;接着顺理成章地指出:构建一个健全的社会则是其人道主义伦理思想的理论和实践归宿;最后在对弗洛姆人道主义伦理思想的学理特征的梳理中指陈其理论缺失和借鉴意义。 Y1 - 2007 ER -