TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jie T1 - A Brief Discussion on Fromm's Thought of Escaping Freedom and Its Relevance [浅论弗洛姆逃避自由思想及其现实意义] JF - Xinchu Culture [新楚文化], No. 7 (2023), pp. 69-72. N2 - 弗洛姆在马克思主义人学思想的基础上,结合弗洛伊德非理性潜意识理论,基于对法西斯主义产生的人性根源的分析,提出了个体在追求自由的过程中不可避免地面临自由和恐惧如影随形的生存困境。面对困境,人们用威权依附、破坏欲和机械趋同的逃避机制来掩盖困境,却在实践中给人类带来了巨大的灾难。为此,弗洛姆倡导人们通过创造性劳动和爱的实践来建立独立完整的精神结构,发展丰沛的自我,在追求自由的同时摆脱孤独的恐惧,走出困境实现自由。弗洛姆的逃避自由思想不仅为个体实现积极自由指明了方向,还为构建和谐社会提供了启示。 N2 - Building on Marxist anthropological thought, Erich Fromm integrated Freud's theory of irrational unconscious. Based on an analysis of the human roots that gave rise to fascism, he argued that individuals, in the pursuit of freedom, inevitably face existential challenges where freedom and fear are inseparably intertwined. Faced with these challenges, people employ authoritarian attachment, destructive impulses, and mechanical conformity as mechanisms to mask the difficulties, inadvertently causing significant disasters in practice. Therefore, Fromm advocated for individuals to establish an independent and integrated spiritual structure through creative work and the practice of love. This would lead to the development of a rich self, allowing individuals to overcome the fear of loneliness while striving for freedom. Fromm's thoughts on the escape from freedom not only provide direction for individuals to achieve positive freedom but also offer insights for building a harmonious society. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 1/2024] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jie T1 - On Fromm's Mechanism of Escaping Freedom and the Reshaping of Positive Personality – Taking Stevens, the Butler in >The Remains of the Day<, as an Example [论弗洛姆逃避自由的机制与积极人格的重塑 – 以《长日将尽》管家史蒂文斯为例] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Central Plains Literature [中原文学], No. 5 (2025), pp. 133-138. N2 - 石黑一雄在《长日将尽》中塑造了一个诚心诚意想要为社会作贡献,舍弃一切追求高尚职业信念的英国老管家形象。在弗洛姆逃避自由论视角下,史蒂文斯对>忠诚<的信念恪守和对>尊严<和>伟大<的价值追寻,本质上是逃避自由式的威权依附和机械趋同。史蒂文斯将勋爵作为逃避自由的依附对象,摒除自我的主体性;在其一生恪守的所谓宏大价值追求中,他禁锢压抑自我,最终放弃个体选择,荒废一生。自由的承担本身关乎主体的能力,个体需要在创造性劳动和爱的实践中,发展出独立丰沛的自我以抵抗人性之困、重塑积极自我和实现幸福人生. N2 - In >The Remains of the Day<, Kazuo Ishiguro created an image of an old British butler who sincerely wanted to contribute to society and gave up everything to pursue noble professional beliefs. From Fromm's perspective of escaping freedom, Stevens's adherence to the belief of >loyalty< and his pursuit of the values of >dignity< and >greatness< are essentially an escape from the authoritarian dependence and mechanical convergence of freedom. Stevens used the lord as an object of dependence to escape freedom and abandoned his own subjectivity; in the so-called grand value pursuit that he adhered to throughout his life, he imprisoned and suppressed himself, and finally gave up individual choice and wasted his life. The assumption of freedom itself is related to the subject's ability. Individuals need to develop an independent and rich self in the practice of creative labor and love in order to resist the difficulties of human nature, reshape a positive self and achieve a happy life. [Translation: www.google translator, 6/2025] Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jing T1 - Lonely Experience of Life and Self-redemption – An Interpretation of Fromm's Philosophy of Modernity [生命的孤独体验与自我救赎——对弗洛姆现代性哲学的解读] JF - Journal of Shenyang University (Social Science) [沈阳大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 6 (2012), pp. 45-47, 51. N2 - With scientific and Technological Progress, people is loneliness under the Mechanization and the large-scale of industrialization. To overcome modern people's loneliness, emptiness and weakness, Fromm Considered love to be an Interpersonal Creative Capacity, but it could not help people achieve their self-redemption. In the view of historical materialism, Marx pointed out the direction of self-salvation of modern people from the loneliness experience, by the theoretical construction of communism. N2 - 分析了弗洛姆现代性理论重要概念>孤独<的基本内涵,认为随着现代社会的科技进步,人在机器化大工业条件下深刻地体验着生命的孤独,弗洛姆试图通过>创造性的爱<的理论建构来克服现代人的孤独、空虚和无力,并不能有效地让现代人实现自我救赎,马克思的历史唯物主义观点给现代人孤独体验的自我救赎之路指明了方向。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Jing T1 - An Interpretation of the Theme of Alienation in >Jude the Obscure< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Humanistic Psychoanalysis, Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - The eminent British novelist and poet Thomas Hardy wrote fifteen novels, four collections of short stories, over 900 poems and two verse dramas throughout his life, leaving a valuable literary heritage for the people of the UK and the world. Jude the Obscure is set in England of 1860 s. It recounts the tragedy of the protagonist countryman Jude Fawley’s struggle for college minister and a stable marriage. It is considered as the first modern novel in the history of British literature. The theme of alienation is a basic theme of modernist literature. It is displayed in Hardy’s novels, especially in >Jude the Obscure<. This thesis adopts the humanistic psychoanalysis of the German-American Jewish social psychologist Erich Fromm to discuss and analyze the representations and reasons for Jude’s alienation in the novel. Jude lived in a stage when capitalism was rapidly developing. The social economy was thriving. The achievements of political democracy were increasingly consolidated, and the cultural cause was flourishing. Influenced by the capitalist civilization, Jude strove to stand firm in metropolises. However, the development of capitalism has two sides. With the continuous progress in economy and the technology, economic features of capitalism such as the quantification and the abstraction were constantly highlighted. The connections between individuals and the connections between people and concrete objects were increasingly vague. Political democracy not only brought people freedom, but also increased people’s sense of loneliness and powerlessness. On the one hand, cultural education encouraged individuals to develop the character of ambition and competition. On the other hand, it compelled individuals to act in accordance with social norms. In such a society, people were in atomic states. They did not get acquainted with each other. The psychological needs of individuals, also the needs of human nature that were based on their existence conditions could not be satisfied. People were only obliged to conform to social norms, which caused the alienation of individuals. Jude’s alienation is the root of his tragedy. Based on the previous research findings, this thesis attempts to interpret the theme of alienation in >Jude the Obscure< via the theory of Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis. It hopes to have a better understanding of Hardy’s modernist literary spirit. [www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jingfang T1 - On Fromm's View of Freedom [论弗洛姆的自由观] JF - Modern Communication [现代交际 ], No. 4 (2020), pp. 248-249. N2 - 弗洛姆在《逃避自由》一书中,通过分析自由的存在方式,逃避自由现象的深刻思考以及产生自由困境的根源所在,构思出自己认为实现真正自由的理想状态和自由之路。弗洛姆的自由观让我们对自由以及追求自由有了重新的定义与认识,对当代人面临逃避自由的心理困境产生重要的影响,也为我们提供了走向健全社会、实现真正自由的途径。 N2 - Fromm's book >Escape from Freedom<, by analyzing the existence of freedom, thinking deeply about the phenomenon of escaping freedom, and the origin of the dilemma of freedom, he conceived the ideal state and freedom that he believes to achieve true freedom the road. Fromm's concept of freedom has given us a new definition and understanding of freedom and the pursuit of freedom. It has an important impact on the psychological dilemma of contemporary people who are escaping from freedom. It also provides us with a path to a healthy society and real freedom. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jingjing T1 - On the Theory of >Sick Man< by Fromm [试论弗洛姆的>病态人<理论] JF - Journal of Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University [福建师大福清分校学报], No. 6 (2014), pp. 59-64. N2 - 西方马克思主义者弗洛姆一生致力于>人<的研究,他融汇社会学、心理学、伦理学等多种学说,主要从精神分析的角度,考察现代人的生存状况。弗洛姆认为,现代社会是一不健全的病态社会,生活其中的现代人大多是>病态人<,其病症包括施虐与受虐、破坏心理、丢失自我、重占有思想等等。他希望通过重塑理性信仰、发展创制性人格、汲取爱的能量等方式来>治愈>这些病态人 N2 - The Western Marxist Fromm devoted his life to the research of >individual<. Blending the theory of sociology, psychology, ethics, etc., he inspects the condition of modern people mainly from the perspective of psychoanalysis. Fromm believes that modern society is an unhealthy society, where most modern people are >sick man<, whose symptoms including sadism and masochism, destruction, loss of self, being obsessed with possession and so on. He hopes to regain the rational belief, develop creative personality and absorb the energy of love to >cure< these sick people. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Jinglin T1 - A Study on Nineteen Eighty-Four in Light of the Theory of Alienation of Affection [情感异化理论观照下的《一九八四》], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2012 [Application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - With pungent satire and profound thought George Orwell has developed his political allegory novels with a unique style In view of his great contributions to literature and politics, he is known as the cold conscience of a generation. >Nineteen Eighty-Four< is one of the most outstanding works. Once published in1950, it became the focus of a heated discussion among all the sectors of society. Together with Brave New World (1932) by British writer Huxley and by Russian writer Zamyatin (1920), they are known as >Trilogy of Anti-utopian<. Nineteen Eighty-Four is at the peak of Orwell's career and makes him world-renowned. Being a masterpiece of political fiction literature, Nineteen Eighty-Four has been studied by many scholars as well as literary critics at home and abroad from different perspectives, such as political science, linguistics, existentialism, feminism, and so on. In this political allegory, the author consciously displays a vivid future totalitarian world. It is undoubtedly that in the environment, lacking both humanity and freedom, any attempts to resist or pursue humanity is doomed to fail. However, the previous studies only describe the various abnormal behavior of the people in the totalitarian environment without sorting out these abnormal states, underlying the causes of these anomalies, nor applying any possibility or way of humans' self-salvation. As the most important theorist of >New Freudianism< of the school of psychoanalytic psychology and an important member of the Frankfurt School, German psychiatrist Erich Fromm precisely provides a theoretical support for the unachieved study with the theory of >alienation of affection< of humanistic psychoanalysis. This paper tries to study the alienation of humanity in Nineteen Eighty-Four with the theory of alienation of affection. By probing the reasons of alienation of affection, the thesis also tries to find a possible and proper way out for the alienation of affection. The article consists of five parts, Introduction, three main body chapters, and Conclusion. Introduction mainly introduces Orwell's literary achievements and Nineteen Eighty-Four as well as the studies and comments at home and abroad concerned, and then points out: the significance of the paper is to analyze various morbid behavior displayed by the members in the authoritarian society of Oceania, reveal the root causes of the alienated phenomenon, and focus on exploring ways to escape from such a tragedy from the perspective of the theory of alienation of affection.– Chapter One is the theoretical basis, in which a detailed elaboration of Fromm's theory of alienation of affection is presented. Fromm devotes his whole life to the combination of Marxist social analysis and Freudian psychological analysis, and creates his own theory of >Humanistic Psychoanalysis<. It is on this foundation that his theory of alienation of affection is developed. This theory indicates that humanity is inseparable from the state of society. An unhealthy society causes people to be incapable of carrying out >love and creative work<, losing the ability to establish a positive contact with the world, resulting in a personal psychological mechanism of >escaping from freedom<, and in the end, giving rise to the alienation of affection. Alienation of affection is also the source of every kind of evil, such as violence and war.– Chapter Two analyzes the embodiment of alienation of affection in Nineteen Eighty-Four. Fromm argues that alienation of affection takes on three forms. >Love of Death< is an emotion for death and destruction, >Malignant Narcissism< means an excessive self-enhancement of ignoring the objective, while >Incestuous Symbiosis< represents an extreme form of Oedipus complex with a desire for losing self completely. Section One enumerates on how the >Love of Death< is displayed in the actions of the members of every stratum of the society; Section Two portrays the frantic state of >Malignant Narcissism< of the Party in Oceania; Section Three reveals a relationship of >Incestuous Symbiosis< existing between the Party and the rebels. The combination of the three will produce >Syndrome of Decay<, which is the root of all the evils in Oceania.– Chapter Three investigates the causes of alienation of affection in Nineteen Eighty-Four. Fromm believes that if emotion lies in the extrusion of >Dichotomy of Survival< on one hand, and limited by >social filter< on the other hand, man can hardly become his own, and alienation is the inevitable outcome. In Oceania, with an extreme repression, the Party uses three means of filtering, >Newspeak<, >Doublethink<, and >Thought crime<, according to their totalitarian will. These act as a social filter to restrict the social consciousness. Therefore, people are not able to possess a normal sense and will surely lose the capacity of escaping from alienation of affection.– Based on the above analysis and discussion, the thesis draws a conclusion. Human's survival and development are not isolated, but rather closely related to their social environment. The cultural, economic, political and other developments of the whole society have a decisive impact on shaping individuals' affection. A healthy society can provide a prerequisite for people to pursue >love and creative work<, creating possibilities for individuals to escape from loneliness and alienation of affection; this is the crucial factor in inhibiting the criminal activities in reality and avoiding the tragedy of humanity. Last but not the least, in fact, the analysis of the people's behavior and mental state in a morbid society of Nineteen Eighty-Four and the exploration of its inherent development and pursuit also have some practical significance to the present society. N2 - 乔治•奥威尔因其讽刺辛辣、思想深刻的政治寓言类小说而独树一帜。鉴于对文学与政治所作出的巨大贡献,他被称为>一代人的冷峻良知<。1950年出版的《一九八四》是奥威尔最杰出的代表作之一,一经出版便成为当时社会各界热议的焦点,与英国赫胥黎的《美丽新世界》(1932)以及俄国扎米亚京的《我们》(1920)并称为>反乌托邦三部曲<,是一部使奥威尔蜚声国际的巅峰之作。《一九八四》是政治小说文学的经典代表作,国内外众多学者及文学评论家已从政治学、语言学、存在主义、女性主义等多个不同角度评析了这部小说。在这部政治寓言中,作者有意为世人展现了一个逼真的未来极权主义世界。毫无疑问,身处这个人性与自由均缺失的反常环境中,人的任何追寻与抗争注定都会以失败告终。然而,以前的研究仅描述了在极权环境下人们的各种异常行为,并未对诸般异常状态进行归类,也未指出导致这些异常现象的根本原因和形成过程,以及人类自我救赎的可能性和出路。>新弗洛伊德主义<精神分析心理学派最重要的理论家、法兰克福学派的重要成员之一的德国精神病学家埃利希•弗洛姆的人本主义心理分析学中的>情感异化<理论恰恰为这一研究提供了理论支持。本文即是藉情感异化理论梳理、归类小说《一九八四》中人性异化的形式,探究其成因,并在一定程度上指出防止异化的可能的途径。全文共五个部分,即引言、三章正文和结论。引言介绍了奥威尔的文学成就和小说《一九八四》以及国内外对该作品的研究和评论,进而点明本文的研究意义:以弗洛姆的情感异化理论为观察视角,分析大洋国专制社会中其社会成员的各种病态表现,揭示引发这类异化现象的根本原因,并着力探寻摆脱悲剧的途径。第一章是本文的理论基础,详细阐述了弗洛姆的情感异化理论。弗洛姆终身致力于将马克思主义的社会分析与弗洛伊德的心理分析相结合,创造了>人本主义心理分析学<。在此基础上,发展出情感异化理论。该理论指出,人性的缺失或实现与所处的社会的状态密不可分。不健全的社会使人们无法进行>爱和创造性的工作<,失去了与世界建立积极联系的能力,造成个人逃避自由的心理机制,最后导致人们情感的异化。情感异化也是暴力、战争等一切罪恶产生的根源。第二章梳理《一九八四》中情感异化的形式。弗洛姆认为,情感异化的形式存在以下三种:>恋死<,一种对死亡、毁灭的爱;>恶性自恋<,无视客观的过度的自我膨胀;>共生性乱伦<,一种恋母情结的极端形式,渴望完全地失去自我。第一节列举了其各阶层社会成员带有>恋死<倾向的行为表现;第二节描绘了大洋国中党的>恶性自恋<的疯狂状态;第三节揭示了党和反抗者之间存在着的>共生性乱伦<关系。三种形式纠结在一起,便衍生出>社会衰亡症<,这是大洋国中一切恶产生的源头。第三章探究《一九八四》中情感异化的原因。弗洛姆认为,如果情感一方面处于>生存两歧<的挤压中,一方面又遭遇>社会过滤器<的限制,自然难成为其自身,异化是必然结局。小说里,人们为摆脱成长中的孤独感而自动选择逃避自由。同时,在极端压抑的大洋国社会中,党通过>新话<、>双重思想<和>思想罪<三种过滤手段,按照极权意志发挥着>社会过滤器<对社会意识的限制作用。故此,人们无法拥有正常的意识,不具备摆脱情感异化的能力。基于以上分析和讨论,结论部分指出:人类的生存和发展并不孤立,而是与其所处的社会环境息息相关,整个社会的文化、经济、政治等各方面的发展会对个人情感的塑造产生决定性影响。健全的社会可以为>爱和创造性的工作<的实现提供前提,为个体摆脱孤独、避免情感异化创造可能。这是抑制现实中各种罪恶行为、避免人性悲剧发生的关键所在,即有效防止个体及社会被异化的途径。推而广之,实际上,解析《一九八四》中人在病态社会中的行为和精神状态,探寻人的内在发展和追求,对当今社会也具有一定的现实意义。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Jingyu T1 - Living Death – A Study of Insane Personality in >Wonderland< in Light of Fromm’s Theory [虽生犹死 - 以弗洛姆的理论观照《奇境》中人物的不健全人格], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2011, 58 pp. [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 美籍德裔学者艾里希•弗洛姆(Erich Fromm 1900-1980)终身致力于将马克思主义的社会分析与弗洛伊德的心理分析相结合,创造了>人本主义心理分析学<。其主要论点是:人的基本感情植根于人与社会的相互关系。乔伊斯•卡罗尔•欧茨(Joyce Carol Oates,1938- ),是一位关注个人生存与社会环境的冲突,善于刻画当代美国社会的不良现象给人类生存造成的混乱局面和心理问题的美国当代女作家。在代表作《奇境》中,欧茨深入人物内心最隐秘的地方,揭示他们的恐惧、压抑、绝望,探寻了人类的生存困境、人性的异化以及个体的孤独。本文运用艾里希•弗洛姆的社会性格理论剖析《奇境》人物的不健全人格,指出被动性格导致人类失去活力、陷入困境、虽生犹死,而其成因是现代化工业大生产所导致的人类劳动的异化。论文由五部分组成,包括引言,三章正文和结论部分。引言主要介绍了乔伊斯•卡罗•欧茨的创作背景,概述了小说《奇境》的主要内容,综述了国内外对《奇境》的研究情况。最后指出本论文的研究目的在于:运用弗洛姆关于社会性格的理论,剖析小说中三个典型人物的不健全人格,从而揭示小说中人物悲剧的根源。第一章详细阐述了弗洛姆的社会性格理论。弗洛姆的社会性格理论是以弗洛伊德的根本发现为基础进一步发展而来的。他批判了弗洛伊德的>力比多决定性格<的观点,提出人的性格是在社会的文化、经济、政治的影响下逐渐形成的;同时,社会性格作为联系经济基础与上层建筑的中介,具有改变社会的力量。本章首先通过比较弗洛姆与弗洛伊德的性格理论的异同,梳理了弗洛姆社会性格理论的来源与本质特点,同时指出弗洛姆的心理分析法是透过人的行为的表象,分析其背后的动机。接着,本文通过介绍性格的功能及分类,彰显了性格分析的重要性。第二章主要以弗洛姆关于>逃避机制<的理论为依据,集中讨论了主人公杰西的施虐人格与受虐人格的形成原因以及表现特征。弗洛姆认为,人出生后仍与世界保持着一种>原始联系<,它束缚了人的自由却给了人安全感。随着个体的成长,自我意识觉醒与发展导致>原始联系<破裂。人需要通过劳动和爱重建与世界的积极联系,但这是一个非常困难的过程。>原始联系<的突然断裂会使人因缺乏安全感而产生恐慌和焦虑,为了逃避不安全感,人们通常会选择依附权威或控制他者,这便是施虐与受虐性格形成的原因。杰西童年遭受的家庭与社会的变故摧毁了他与世界的联系,在他的成长过程中,他与养父、导师、妻子、女儿、病人的关系表现了他希望通过顺从和控制重获安全感的努力,但这番努力却将他变成了一个施虐受虐狂。第三章以杰西的妻子海伦和他的次女谢莉为代表,分析了《奇境》中女性的被动人格。不同于欧茨以往作品中的女性形象,《奇境》中的女性,面对男权社会,都具有相对清醒的自我意识与反抗精神,并进行了寻求自我、追求自由的实践。但是,由于这些女性并没有跳出传统角色的桎梏,正视自我的需求,积极地建立与世界的联系,所以她们的命运都以悲剧收场。论文最后推出结论:通过借用弗洛姆的社会性格理论分析《奇境》中的人物性格,我们可以有效解释小说中人物悲剧命运的原因。 N2 - German American Scholar Erich Fromm (Erich Fromm 1900-1980) is dedicated to combine Marxian social analysis with the method of Freud’s psychoanalysis, creating his own >Humanistic Psychoanalysis<. His main argument is that man’s basic emotion is rooted in the mutual relations between people and the society. Joyce Carol Oates is a contemporary American female author who is concerned about the conflict between the individual and his social environment and good at depicting individuals’ dislocation and extreme psychological turmoil which are caused by contemporary America’s philosophical contradiction and its colliding social and economic forces. In her masterpieces >Wonderland<, Oates goes deep into the very recesses of its characters’ brains to explore their fear, suppression and despair, and further investigate human beings ’living predicament, human nature’s alienation and individuals’ isolation. By analyzing characters’ insane personality with Erich Fromm’s theory of social character, the present thesis tries to indicate that predicaments and living death condition of modern people result from their passive personalities which are caused by the alienated labor of modern industrial world. The present thesis includes the introduction, the main body which consists of three parts, and the conclusion.– The introduction of the present thesis, first of all, mainly explicates the background of Joyce Carol Oates’s literary creation, outlines the plot of Wonderland, and views the researches on Wonderland both at home and abroad. Herein evolves the aim of the present thesis – the exploration of the springhead of characters’ tragic life in the Wonderland by investigating their insane personalities in light of Fromm’s social character theory.– Chapter One expounds Fromm’s theory on social character. Although his theory develops from the basic finding of Sigmund Freud, Fromm criticizes his libido determinism, and argues that an individual’s personality is molded by the cultural, economic and political condition in his society. At the same time, as an intermediary between economic base and superstructure, social character can modify the whole structure of the society. This chapter begins with the comparison of Fromm’s and Freud’s character theory and explains Fromm’s psychoanalytical method which focuses on the motivation of human behavior. Furthermore, by discussing character’s functions and classification, the analysis of personality is attached with great significance.– Chapter Two focuses on the formation and expressions of Jesse’s masochistic and sadistic personality with Fromm’s theory on >escape mechanism<. Fromm argues that >primitive ties< fasten an infant to the outside world and give him security. With the growth of the individual, he has to re-build positive relationship with the world to replace severed primitive ties by means of productive work and love. However, this is a tough process. An abrupt rupture of primitive ties will result in a strong sense of fear and anxiety. For avoiding feelings of insecurity, powerful tendencies will arise to escape from individuality into submission or domination, or, as Fromm puts it, masochistic and sadistic strivings. In Jesse’s case, social unrest and family calamity destroy his primitive ties with the world and throw him into an isolated world. His relationship with his foster father, mentors, wife, daughter and patients shows his strivings for regaining security. Unfortunately, however, these strivings turn him into both a sadist and a masochist.– Chapter Three analyzes passive personalities of Jesse’s wife Helene and his younger daughter Shelley, pointing out that it is passivity that prevents women from self-fulfilling. Different from female images in Oates’s earlier works, women in Wonderland, confronting with a male-dominated world, have fairly clear self-awareness and spirit of resistance. Moreover, nearly all of them take actions to achieve self-actualization and pursue freedom. However, their failures of transcending the ready-made roles of traditional women and of establishing active relations with the world prevent them from gaining authentic freedom and happiness.– The last part of the present thesis concludes that analyzing personality with Fromm’s theory provides a viable explanation to the springhead of characters’ tragedies in Wonderland. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jingyu T1 - Am I a Devil? – A Look at the Sadistic Personality of the Protagonist in >Wonderland< from the Perspective of Erich Fromm’s Theory [我是魔鬼吗?——以弗洛姆的理论解读《奇境》主人公的虐待狂人格] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Nanyang Normal University [南阳师范学院学报], No. 4 (2012), pp. 80-83. N2 - 以弗洛姆关于虐待狂的理论,分析《奇境》一书中的主人公杰西虐待狂人格的形成原因,以及他行为中表现出的受虐特性与施虐特性。反映了>原始关系<的断裂使人产生孤独无力感;通过服从或控制外界这种消极的方式获取安全感,导致了人格的异化。 N2 - In light of Erich Fromm’s theory on sadisms, this paper is to analyze the sadistic personality of Jesse, the protagonist of Wonderland, including the reasons of its formation and the masochistic and sadistic features in Jesses’ behavior. The analysis illustrates that once the ‘primary bonds’ are severed, the individual would feel a sense of powerless and aloneness and that a negative way to acquire a sense of security through submission and domination would result in the alienation of personality. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Jun T1 - On the Freedom Plight of the Modern – Fromm about Freedom Predicament [论现代人的自由困境——对弗洛姆有关自由困境的阐述] JF - Bridge of Century [世纪桥], No. 3 (2010), pp. 78-79. N2 - 本文通过分析现代人的种种生存境况和西方社会各个时期的社会制度导致人们陷入自由困境的社会现象,深入挖掘人性中对于自由的追求和逃避两种现象的内在根源以及外在原因。现代人的自由困境往往受他所处的社会的异化所影响,本文重点分析现代社会异化现象对人的影响,对社会自身产生的后果,分析其原因,进而阐述如何能够消除异化,让人们从自由的困境中摆脱出来,获得真正意义上的自由,谋求人类的解放。本文期望能够为现代社会的经济文化等现代化建设起到借鉴、参考作用。 N2 - This article through the analysis of all the modern survival of the situation and the various periods of Western society social system people plunged into the freedom of the plight of the social phenomenon, dig deeper into the underlying causes for the pursuit of freedom and escape the two phenomena humanity, and external reasons. The freedom of the plight of the modern often affected by the alienation of the society in which he, the paper focuses on the impact of modern society, the alienation of the people, to analyze the consequences on the society itself, and then describes how to eliminate alienation, so that people from freedom plight to get out, to get a real sense of freedom, seeking the liberation of humanity. The article intends to play a reference, the reference in modern society, economic and cultural modernization. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Jun T1 - An Analysis of Fromm's Freedom Plight Theory [对弗洛姆的自由困境理论探析], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2011. N2 - Western Marxism schools study Marxism in different respects, which have greatly contributed to the innovation and development of Marxism. As one of the scholars of Western Marxism schools, Erich Fromm’s theories have great research value. This essay will focus on Fromm’s Freedom Plight theory, which is also the core of his whole theories. All his theories are generated from this, including his huma-nitarian ethics theory. Only deeply understand his Freedom Plight theory, can it systemically and precise-ly apprehend Fromm’s whole theory system. This essay explores systemically and comprehensively this theory through defining this theory at first, and then provides the analysis of the way of solving its phenomenon, illustrating the actual methods to solve the problems in social reality at last.– The major innovation of this essay is to deeply understand and illustrate Fromm’s Freedom Plight theory in different historical era and combining different types of social system, in order to understand more deeply Fromm’s freedom view. Various types of research methods have been applied in this essay, such as the comparative method, history and logic method, and also linking theory with practice in order to understand comprehensively Fromm’s theory system. Fromm’s Freedom Plight theory is the deep analysis and exposition that people stress democracy but lacking in democracy in capitalist system, which has a strong sense of contemporaneity and practical significance. This theory has provided us the solid theoretical basis for us to understand the living condition in modern capitalistic society, and also, it has great reference value to the construction of socialism in our country. N2 - 西方马克思主义流派以不同的角度研究马克思主义思想,对马克思主义思想的创新与发展作出了积极的贡献。弗洛姆作为西方马克思主义流派的一员,他的思想理论具有重要的研究价值。本文重点研究论述弗洛姆的自由困境理论,这一理论也是弗洛姆思想理论的核心所在,他的一切思想理论都是由这一现象性理论来展开论述的,包括他的人道主义伦理学理论也是在自由困境理论的基础上进行阐述的。只有深入认识理解弗洛姆的自由困境理论,才能系统、准确地把握弗洛姆的整个思想体系。论文从对弗洛姆的自由困境理论的概念的论述,到解决自由困境现象的方法的分析,最后结合实际阐述了弗洛姆有关解决现实社会自由困境的实际方法等等,系统而完整全面的把握弗洛姆的自由困境理论体系。论文的主要创新之处在于分不同的历史时期,结合了不同的社会制度,深入理解阐述弗洛姆的自由困境理论,以求更准确的把握弗洛姆的自由观。论文运用比较法,历史与逻辑相联系的方法,理论联系实际等多种研究方法,细致、深刻的阐述弗洛姆的自由困境理论体系,以便全面系统的把握弗洛姆的这一思想理论体系。弗洛姆的自由困境理论是对资本主义制度下人们强调民主却普遍失去民主的深刻剖析与论述,具有很强的时代感与现实意义。他的自由困境理论为我们理解现代资本主义社会人们的生存境遇提供了坚实的理论基础,也对我国的社会主义建设具有重要的参考价值。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Kainan T1 - A Study of Fromm’s Subject Conception, Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China 2023. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Erich Fromm, an American German Jew. He is a representative figure of the Frankfurt School, as well as a famous philosopher, psychologist, and sociologist. Throughout his lifetime of academic research, it is not difficult to find that the concept of subjectivity runs through all of his theoretical achievements as the main thread. Although Erich Fromm criticized human subjectivity in modern western capitalist society, he also provided a new perspective for our society to examine subjectivity. Erich Fromm, through the construction of human subjectivity, hopes that people can actively and consciously participate in the face of irreversible free life, and can give full play to the productive and creative characteristics of people as the main body of social life, build a meaningful life on the basis of love and reason, and constantly obtain human self realization. Erich Fromm’s thought not only critically inherits Freud’s psychoanalysis theory, but also includes the absorption and reference of Marx’s theory of alienated labor and humanism. There are similarities and differences between Erich Fromm’s interpretation of human subjectivity and Marx’s view that human beings actively transform the world by relying on their own subjective initiative. Erich Fromm’s life has been calling for the return of human subjectivity, emphasizing the importance of human itself. Influenced by Marx, his understanding of the world is that of humans, a world where humans exist as the main body. Humans can transform the world through their own creative activities, and the world should become a world that gives people value and meaning. Erich Fromm’s subjective view can help us understand what kind of social life subjects are needed in modern society, and provide useful enlightenment for us to cultivate and shape sound citizens in combination with the national conditions and folk conditions of Chinese society. However, Erich Fromm’s subjective view also has certain limitations, that is, it is far away from the world outlook and methodology of materialism, and it also ignores the class problem. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2025] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Kexin T1 - The Modern Metropol Writing in The Novels of New Sensation School [新感觉派小说中的都市书写] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Xinjiang Vocational University [新疆职业大学学报,] No. 1 (2018), pp. 69-73. N2 - 20世纪20、30年代的上海因其特殊的地理位置和中国当时特殊的时代背景,发展成一座现代化的大都市,而此时的中国新感觉派正是活跃于上海的一个文学流派,其代表作家为刘呐鸥、穆时英和施蛰存。西方的工业文明在为上海带来先进的火车、电灯的同时,也给上海带来了精神上的迷茫、彷徨和空虚,人们的生活变得浮躁。本文试着从现代都市入手,以弗洛姆的异化理论为基础寻找新感觉派作家作品中所蕴涵的现代都市性,探究中国现代都市作品中物质生活与精神生活的关系。 N2 - In the 1930 s and 1940 s, Shanghai developed into a modern metropolis due to its special geographical location and China’s special situations at that time. At this time, the Chinese New Sensation School was a literary school in Shanghai. Its representative writers were Liu Kaiou, Mu Shiying, and Shi Zhecun. Western industrial civilization brought advanced trains and lights into Shanghai. It also brought mental confusion, jealousy, and emptiness to Shanghai, making people’s lives impetuous. This article attempts to start with the modern city, based on Fromm’s theory of alienation, searching for the modern metropolis contained in the works of the New Sensation School writers, and exploring the relationship between material life and spiritual life in Chinese modern urban works. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lan T1 - Analysis of the Alienation Phenomenon Caused by the Absence of Father’s Responsibility in >The Rocking Horse Winner< [浅析《木马赌徒》中父亲责任缺失的异化现象] JF - Journal of Huaihua University [怀化学院学报], No. 6 (2017), pp. 95-97. N2 - 采用弗洛姆关于异化和爱的理论来分析《木马赌徒》中父亲责任缺失异化和父子关系异化的现象,可较为全面公正地解读作者的写作意图并评价小说中父亲的角色。作者劳伦斯对父亲及父子关系的略写一方面是为了凸显父爱缺失、父子关系异化的社会现实,另一方面则借此控诉此种异化对孩子造成的巨大伤害并试图唤起社会的关注。 N2 - From the humanistic psychoanalysis perspective, this paper analyzes the alienation phenomenon caused by the absence of father’s responsibility in >The Rocking Horse Winner< between father and son. It interprets the author’s writing intention and the father’s role in the novel in a more comprehensive and fairer way. The writer D. H. Lawrence’s elliptical description of the father and the relationship between father and son aims firstly at highlighting the abnormal reality of the absence of father’s love as well as the alienation between father and son, secondly at accusing its disastrous harm to children, and thirdly at calling more social concern about the father-absent alienation phenomenon. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lei T1 - Study on the Loneliness in Shinichi Hoshi’s Previous Work [论星新一前期作品中的孤独主题], Master thesis, Japanese Language and Literature, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2013. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 星新一是日本近现代著名科幻小说家。他最为突出的成就就是在日本文坛开创了微型科幻小说这一文学领域。从他的众多作品中可以很明显地看出其对战后日本高度资本主义社会的批判意识。本论文采用社会心理学家弗洛姆的孤独理论,对星新一风格尖锐的前期作品集『世界SF全集28星新一作品100』中的孤独主题进行了分析,并结合作品的社会背景和作者的个人经历,探究了其前期作品中孤独主题产生的根源。本论主要从人与自我,人与社会,人与自然三个方面对星新一前期作品中的孤独主题进行了分析。指出了作品中人们对金钱、名声等的热衷追求,无止境的消费欲望,对社会的消极顺应,幻想以及虐待等行为倾向都是对自由的消极逃避。而各种消极逃避行为均源于人们无法忍受的孤独感。但是这种消极逃避不仅削弱人的自我意识,加深孤独感,而且使人与人的关系变得疏远、不信任,进而导致了一般社会联系的消失。最后这种消极逃避导致人与自然的关系的疏离,人们陷入整体的生存危机感当中。对孤独主题产生根源主要从作品的社会背景以及星新一独特的经历两个方面进行了分析。首先通过对作品社会背景的分析,了解到战后日本社会物质生产与精神创造失调,人们陷入一种空虚与孤独感当中这一现实。因此判明了星新一前期作品中的孤独主题实际上是当时社会人们精神状态的真实反映。其次通过对星新一受家庭影响形成的内向的性格,日本二战战败后目标的迷失,父亲去世后接手星制药公司这一时期的苦恼以及进入文坛后世人对其作品的不理解等坎坷经历的分析,探明了星新一前期作品中的孤独主题也是其内心孤独情感的真实写照。通过对星新一前期作品中孤独主题的深入研究与分析,有助于我们更好的了解星新一的孤独感和他的作品,以及更好的理解日本人和日本社会的各种现象。 N2 - Xing Xinyi is a famous science fiction writer in Modern Japan. His most prominent achievement was pioneered in Japan in the field of literature literary miniature science fiction. You can clearly see their critical awareness of postwar Japan highly capitalist society from his many works. This paper uses the theory of social psychologist Erich Fromm lonely, sharp style of Xing Xinyi pre Portfolio >World SF 28 Xing Xinyi Complete Works 100< on the theme of loneliness were analyzed and combined work and social background the author's personal experience, to explore the roots of his early works, the theme of loneliness generated. - The theory is mainly from people with self, man and society, man and nature Xing Xinyi preliminary work on three aspects of the theme of loneliness were analyzed. It pointed out the works of money, fame, etc. keen pursuit of the endless desire for consumption, the negative response to the social, fantasy and abusive behavior, such as the negative tendency is to escape to freedom. And all sorts of negative be-havior to escape from the loneliness of people are unbearable. But this negative escape only weakened people's self-awareness, deepen loneliness, but also the relationships between people become alienated, mistrust, which led to the disappearance of general social contact. Finally, this leads to alienation escape negative relationship between man and nature, people caught in them a sense of overall survival crisis. The main theme of the root causes of loneliness from social background work and Xing Xinyi unique experience both aspects of the analysis. First, through the analysis of the social background of the work, learned postwar Japanese society to create material production and spiritual disorders, among a people into the reality of emptiness and loneliness. - Thus became clear early works Xing Xinyi loneliness theme is actually a true reflection of society at that time people's mental states. Followed by families affected by Xing Xingyi formed introverted personality, lost after the defeat of Japan in World War II targets, taking over after the death of his father Star distress pharmaceutical companies during this period and into the literary works of the world does not understand their frustrations experienced etc. analysis proved the Xing Xingyi early works also true portrayal of loneliness theme of their inner feelings of loneliness. Early work by Xing Xinyi lonely topics in depth research and analysis, to help us better understand Xing Xinyi loneliness and his works, as well as a better understanding of the Japanese and the Japanese Society of various phenomena. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lei T1 - Human Nature – Alienation – Love. On Fromm's Ideology three Basis Questions [人性•异化•爱 - 论弗洛姆人本主义思想的三个基本问题], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Party School of the CPC Central Committee, China 2003, 34 pp. N2 - Among the contemporary western thinkers, Erich Fromm, called humanitarian social philosopher, was well known for his humanitarianism. One of the bright features of his humanitarian theory is that he tried to colligate Freudianism and Marxism, which differ greatly from each other. Also, he joined psycho¬analysis of depth psychology and social animadvert, on the basis of which established an integrate humanitarian theoretical system. With this system, Fromm disclosed the contradiction and crisis of capitalism, criticized the abuse of modern capitalist society, namely, he took humanitarianism as an effective means to solve the social problems in modern capitalist society. Fromm’s humanitarian theory has a far-ranging and profound influence in western society as well as across the world. In recent years, study on Fromm’s humanitarian theory has been conducted in China’s academic field, and some research fruits have been harvested. However, some shortcomings still remain on the study of Fromm’s humanitarian thoughts. These shortcomings mainly lie in that systematic study lacks on the key questions of his humanitarianism and on the internal relations between these questions. Therefore, as far as these facts are concerned, this article, on the basis of original works by Fromm, mainly reviews and discusses three questions on Fromm’s humanitarian theory, which are Fromm’s theory on human nature, his theory on dissimilation and his >love< theory. According to this article’s opinion, his human nature theory is the base and starting point of his humanitarianism, his dissimilation theory is the deepness and outspread of his human nature theory, which is the score of his humanitarianism, and his love theory is the crest and end-result of his humanitarianism. This article consists of three parts.– The first part mainly reviews Fromm’s human nature theory. According to this article, Fromm’s angle to probe into human nature is particular, that is to say, he reviewed human nature on the basis of study of human >existential dichotomy<, holding that human nature lies in his connatural existential contradictions. Then, this article in detail reviews and analyzes Fromm’s opinions on human >existential dichotomy<, opinions on the making and kind of human needs and opinions on human >social character< and its functions. This article also evaluates these opinions by indicating their reasonable factors and narrating their differences from Marxism.– The second part mostly sees about Fromm’s dissimilation theory. This article first reviews and shows how Fromm >explained< and distorted Marx’s theory on dissimilation. Then, contrary to some false opinions on Fromm’s dissimilation theory, this article holds that although Fromm distorted Marx’s dissimilation theory, compared with other Freudian Marxists, Fromm had more valuable opinions. This mainly lies in that on the basis of his human nature theory, he deeply disclosed and criticized dissimilation phenomena in capitalist society. Meanwhile, this article indicates Fromm’s limitations in analyzing and criticizing capitalist dissimilation.– The third part mainly reviews and discusses Fromm’s love theory. Against the academic tendency to ignore Fromm’s love theory, this article holds that his love theory is the score and end-result of his humanitarianism. He looks on >love< as an effective medicine to dispel human dissimilation and to cure capitalist morbidity. Thus, to master Fromm’s humanitarian ethics, one must study his love theory. According to this opinion, this article separately reviews and analyses some questions raised by Fromm on the origin, essence and factors of love, and the relations between self-love and love for others, between self-love and selfishness. On one hand, this article affirms the reasonable factors in Fromm’s love theory, analyses its value of reference. On the other hand, this article indicates Fromm’s theory’s negative meanings and its abstractness. N2 - 在当代西方思想家当中,埃里希•弗洛姆(Erich Fromm, 1900—1980)是以人本主义而著称的,被称为>人本主义社会哲学家<。弗洛姆人本主义理论的一个鲜明特色,就是他力图把弗洛伊德主义和马克思主义这两种截然不同的学说>结合<起来,并把精神分析学的心理分析和人道主义的社会批判揉和在一起,创立了一个完整的人本主义理论体系。弗洛姆正是用这种人本主义理论,去揭露现代资本主义社会的矛盾和危机,批判现代资本主义社会的弊病,即把人道主义作为解决现代资本主义社会问题的有效手段。弗洛姆的人本主义理论不仅在西方,而且在整个世界都有广泛而深刻的影响。近年来,我国学术界开始对弗洛姆的人本主义理论展开了研究,并取得了一些成果。但是,在对弗洛姆人本主义思想的研究方面,还存在着一些不足之处,这主要表现在对他的人本主义所涉及的主要问题,特别是它们之间的内在联系,还缺乏系统的研究。有鉴于此,本文在阅读弗洛姆的原著的基础上,着重考察和探讨弗洛姆人本主义理论的三个主要问题,即人性论、异化理论和>爱<的理论。本文认为,人性论是弗洛姆人本主义思想的基础和出发点;异化理论是他的人性论的进一步深化和展开,是他的人本主义思想的主要内容;而>爱<的理论则是他的人本主义思想的顶峰和归宿,也是他的人本主义伦理学的核心。本文分为三个部分:第一部分,着重考察弗洛姆的人性论。本文认为,弗洛姆探讨人的本性的角度是独特的,即从人的>生存两岐<的境遇出发去考察人的本性,把人的本质看作是存在于人的生存所固有的矛盾之中。接着,本文详细地考察和分析了弗洛姆关于人的>生存两岐<,关于人的需要的产生和种类,关于人的>社会性格<及其作用等观点;并对他的这些观点作了恰当的评价,既指出了其中所包含的合理因素,也说明了它与马克思主义的区别。第二部分,着重考察弗洛姆的异化理论。本文首先考察和说明了弗洛姆是如何>解释<和歪曲马克思的异化理论的。接着,针对学术界在弗洛姆的异化问题上的一些偏颇观点,本文指出,弗洛姆尽管对马克思的异化理论作了歪曲的解释,但与其他弗洛伊德式的马克思主义者相比,弗洛姆的观点具有更多值得借鉴的地方。这主要表现在,他从人性论出发,深刻地揭露和批判了资本主义社会的异化现象。同时,本文也指出了弗洛姆对资本主义社会中异化现象的分析和批判的根本缺陷。第三部分,主要考察和论述弗洛姆的>爱<的理论。针对学术界忽视弗洛姆>爱<的理论的倾向,本文认为,>爱<的理论是弗洛姆人本主义的重要内容和归宿。他把>爱<看成是消除和克服人的异化,医治资本主义社会病态的>灵丹妙药<。因此,要把握弗洛姆的人道主义伦理学,就必须研究他的>爱<的理论。基于这种认识,在这个基础上,本文分别详细考察和分析了弗洛姆关于爱的根源、爱的本质和要素,自爱和爱他、自爱和自私的关系等问题。与此同时,本文一方面肯定了弗洛姆>爱<的理论中所包含的合理的成分,分析了其中可以借鉴的价值;另一方面,又指出了这一理论的消极意义和抽象性。 Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lei T1 - Fromm’s >Love< Theory [弗洛姆>爱<的理论述评] JF - Journal of Social Science of Hunan Medical University [湖南医科大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 6 (2009), pp. 1-3. N2 - 异化和爱是弗洛姆人本主义思想的三个基本问题,而爱的理论则是弗洛姆人本主义思想的重要内容和归宿。弗洛姆把>爱<看成是消除和克服人的异化,医治资本主义社会病态的>灵丹妙药<。考察和分析弗洛姆关于爱的根源、爱的本质、爱的要素和爱的能力等思想,我们不难发现:一方面,弗洛姆>爱<的理论中包含着合理的成分,其中有可资借鉴的价值;另一方面,这一理论又是不切实际的,具有抽象性和阶级局限性。 N2 - Human nature, alienation, and love is the ideology of Fromm three basic questions, and the theory of love is the important content of the ideology of Fromm and destination. Fromm >love< as eliminate and overcome the alienation of the people, to heal the sick capitalist society >panacea<. Thinking of the investigation and analysis of the root causes of Fromm about love, the nature of love, and the ability of the elements of love and love, we can easily find: on the one hand, reasonable ingredients Fromm, >love< theory, which can learn value; On the other hand, this theory is unrealistic, abstract and class limitations. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lei A1 - Liu, Chuanguang A1 - Luo, Wei T1 - The Ecological Implications of Fromm’s Humanistic Ethical Thinking [弗洛姆人道主义伦理思想的生态意蕴] JF - Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology (Social Sciences Edition) [重庆科技学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 6 (2010), pp. 39-41. N2 - 21世纪以来,环境恶化、能源危机、生态破坏加剧,人类面临着前所未有的生存和发展难题。为此,学界形成了>人类中心主义<和>非人类中心主义<之争,并倾向于对>人类中心主义<作了深刻批判。追根溯源,人类中心主义其实与人道主义有着很深渊源,甚至被指生态危机产生的人性根基就是人道主义,是以人的目的要求的秩序取代了本然的自然秩序。无论>人道主义<还是>自然主义<,它们本身并没有根本的对立,从某种角度说,人道主义自身就蕴藏着很强的生态意蕴。 N2 - 21st century, environmental degradation, energy crisis, exacerbated by ecological destruction, mankind is faced with unprecedented survival and development challenges. To this end, scholars formed the contention of the >anthropocentrism< and >non-human centered< and tend to >anthropocentrism< made a profound criticism. Traced anthropocentrism in fact has a deep origin and humanitarian. the foundation of humanity even accused of the ecological crisis is humanitarian, is the purpose of the requirements of the order will replace the Inherent natural order regardless of the >humanitarian< or >naturalism< of their own and there is no fundamental opposition, said that in some ways, the humanitarian itself bears a strong ecological implication. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Li T1 - Shaanxi Farmer’s Entrepreneurial Behavior from the Perspective of Social Character Theory [社会性格理论视阈下陕西农民创业行为刍议] JF - Journal of Leshan Normal University [乐山师范学院学报], No. 7 (2013), pp. 102-107, 115. N2 - 农民创业对于推动陕西经济发展,解决农民就业难问题等起着关键作用。基于西方马克思主义著名学者弗罗姆的社会性格理论>观照<,在陕西农民的社会性格中,还存在许多落后于时代的价值取向、行为习性、性格特质和精神态度。审视这些>隐性文化<,发现其中有一些已经成为制约陕西农民创业,西部大开发,全面小康社会目标实现和共圆>中国梦<的瓶颈因素。鉴此,扬弃陕西农民社会性格>实然<状态的消极因素,使之向>应然<的理想境界迈进,就是必须面对的课题。 N2 - Farmer entrepreneurship is a pivotal role in boosting the economic development in Shaanxi and resolving the employment problems of farmers. According to the social character theory proposed by the famous Marxism scholar Fromm, the value orientation, personality characteristics, and behavior and attitude of most Shaanxi farmers are still in a backward state. Checking the >hidden culture<, it can be seen that some of these characters have become the bottlenecks which not only restrict the entrepreneurship of farmers and the development of the western region, but also hinder the achievement of a well-off society and the Chinese Dream. Therefore, the negative factors of Shaanxi farmers that >existed originally< should be given up, and a change should be made to the ideal state of >ought to be<, that is the issue we are supposed to confront with. Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Li T1 - A Discussion of the Modern Significance of Fromm's Theory of Love [浅谈弗洛姆的爱情论的现代意义] JF - The Science Education Article Collects [科教文汇(下旬刊)], No. 9 (2008), pp. 225-226. N2 - 和马尔库塞、赖希不同,弗洛姆所说的爱并不只是传统意义上的男女间的爱,因而有许多学者把弗洛姆称之为>泛爱主义者<。弗洛姆主张爱世界的一切。在《爱的艺术》中他分析了五种不同的爱。从弗洛姆对不同类型的爱的分析,我们已经能够找到现实生活中现代人情感脆弱,想爱又不敢爱的心态,或者说是无法随心所欲的爱的部分原因就是我们把爱的范围或者界定划的太狭隘了。 N2 - Unlike Marcuse and Reich, the love that Fromm speaks of is not just love between a man and a woman in the traditional sense, which is why many scholars call Fromm a >pan-philist<. Fromm advocated loving all the world. In >The Art of Loving<, he analyzes five different kinds of love. From Fromm's analysis of the different types of love, we have been able to find that part of the reason why modern people are so emotionally fragile, wanting to love but not daring to love, or unable to love as they wish, is that we have too narrowly defined the scope of love. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lihui T1 - Love for Love – Fromm's Love Philosophy Meaning [为爱而爱—弗洛姆爱的哲学的意义], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2011. N2 - Fromm’s insight into the people of Western capitalist society of modern alienation, pointing out that the love of man has alienated. He saw an alienation – people only know that the possession, but not know how to pay, people share everything, including love. He pointed out that the situation of human causes of alienation, that society is not perfect cause people is not sound. He believes that love is an art, is the need to learn to get through. Love is an ability, the ability of people without love cannot love others, even themselves. Without the ability to love others, not from the heart, in good faith, take the initiative to love others, then people in their own love lives are never satisfied. He believes that the object of love not only their parents, brothers, sisters, partners, as well as their own and all the people. Love in essence is giving, rather than request. Love is a practice, only they work hard, and will enjoy the fruits of love.– This article discusses the four parts: First, the origin of Fromm’s philosophy of love; Second, Fromm philosophy of love and its specific form; Third, the importance of self-love ideology; four, described Fromm philosophy of love contributions and limitations of the theory. N2 - 弗洛姆洞察到了西方现代资本主义社会人的异化情况,指出人的爱也已经异化。他看到了一种异化现象——人们只知道占有,而不懂得付出,人们占有一切,包括爱情。他指出了人的异化状况产生的原因,即社会的不健全导致人的不健全。他提出了解决问题的方法——爱。他认为爱是一种艺术,是需要通过学习才能获得的。爱是一种能力,没有爱的能力的人无法爱别人,甚至是自己。如果没有爱他人的能力,不能发自内心地、真诚地、主动地爱他人,那么人们在自己的爱的生活中也永远得不到满足。他认为爱的对象不仅是自己的父母、兄弟、姐妹、伴侣,还有自己和所有的人。爱在本质上是给予,而非索取。爱是一种实践,只有自己去努力了,才会享有爱的果实。本文的论述共分为四个部分:一、弗洛姆爱的哲学思想渊源;二、弗洛姆爱的哲学理论及其具体形式;三、自爱思想的重要性;四、阐述了弗洛姆爱的哲学的理论贡献与局限。 Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lili T1 - Cultural Conflict in the >Self< and >Other< – The Image of Black Women in >The Bluest Eye< [文化冲突下>自我<与>他者<的探求——解析《最蓝的眼睛》中的黑人女性形象] [application of Fromm's theories to art]. JF - Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology (Social Sciences Edition) [长春理工大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 3 (2014), pp. 158-159. N2 - [托尼•莫里森的作品大多着力描绘白人强势文化与黑人族裔文化冲突下,黑人女性对其个人身份和民族身份的困惑与迷茫。在此运用弗洛姆的人性异化论,着重分析《最蓝的眼睛》中黑人女性遭遇的身份探求困境,其中的大多数成为被边缘化的>他者<,徘徊于主流文化之外。黑人女性只有保持>自我<,认同自己的民族身份,才能保持人格与人性上的独立。 ] N2 - Toni Morrison's works mostly depict whites strong focus on culture and the culture of ethnic conflict under black, black women of their personal identity and national identity confusion and confusion. In this use Fromm human alienation, focusing on the analysis of identity, >The Bluest Eye< in the quest for black women encounter difficulties, most of which become marginalized >other<, hovering outside the mainstream culture. Only black women remain >self<, to identify with their ethnic identity in order to remain independent on the personality and humanity. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Ling T1 - The Symbolical Meaning of Technology and Its Effect on Social Psychology [技术的符号意义及对社会心理的影响], Master thesis, Philosophy of Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2007, 51 pp. N2 - At the beginning of technology, it was taken seriously by people because of its tremendous material benefits. But people have seemingly ignored the correlation between technology and social psychology when they take material benefits seriously. Technology is created by people’ rationality, so it is normally imprinted by human psychology. It is seemingly insignificant to pay more attention to this one-way correlation. But at present, this one-way correlation has gone and never comes back. Social psychology need still leads the direction of technical development, but at the same time, technology has affected the development of social psychology. According to this, the main body of this article tries to look upon the technology as a one kind of peculiar symbol and study its effect on social psychology by using >Symbolic Interactionism<. Through the analysis on a lot of technical examples, we realize that with changing the way of communication, technology has affected social psychology on two aspects: active and negative one. Technology has satisfied the feelings of freedom, agreement and vent and its application has benefits on maintaining social mentality and defending the harmonious development of entire human society. But at the same time, technology also upsets the human being’s socialization course, breaks up human groups, makes social psychology tend to become more and more distant and attacks the moral concepts existed in social psychology. We cannot deny the active effect of technology on social psychology, but we also cannot ignore its negative effect. On further analysis, we realize that this negative effect should be attributed to the alienation of social psychology. The alienation makes people lose their self-determination of psychology. Social psychology has controlled by technology, becomes a slave of technology and manifests a kind of trend of technologization. That is one of the important manifestation of modernity crisis. Under the push of >Gestell<, human society is also more and more like a >technology field< and a difficult position of the modern rational person has been formed from this. Then can we not rotate this trend?– The main body of this article tries to find a way to avoid alienation and makes technology go well with social psychology by using >Humanization of Technological Society< of Fromm. We can think that it is a feasible way to pay more attention to people themselves, push the prefect of social psychology and the reasonable application of technology and lead the development of technology rationally by technology morality and humanity spirit. N2 - 从技术产生之初至今,因其带给人类的巨大的物质利益,就一直受到人类的高度重视。然而,在对物质利益顶礼膜拜的同时,人类似乎忽视了技术与社会心理之间的关联。技术是人凭借理性创造与发展起来的,因此理所当然带有人类心理的印记,在一定程度上反映了人类的心理需求,对这一单向度的关系关注过多似乎并没有多大意义。可是时至今日,技术与社会心理之间的单向度关系已经一去不返了,人类社会心理需求依然主导着技术的发展方向,但与此同时,技术却也对社会心理的发展产生影响。有鉴于此,本文试图利用符号互动理论切入此问题,将技术视为一种特殊符号,从而研究技术对社会心理产生的影响。通过对大量现实的技术事例的分析表明,技术作为一种符号,在改变人类社会心理的交流方式和情境的基础上,对社会心理产生了积极与消极两方面的影响。技术的发展满足了人类社会心理中的自由感、认同感和宣泄感,有利于维持社会心理的平衡,维护整个人类社会的和谐发展。但与此同时,技术也打乱了人类的社会化进程,导致了人类社会的群体分裂,使人类社会心理趋于冷漠化与功利化,冲击了社会心理中原有的伦理道德观念。技术对社会心理的积极影响是不容否认的,但它的消极影响也是不容忽视的。进一步的分析显示,这种消极影响源于技术的异化现象。技术的异化使人类丧失了心理的自主性,人类社会心理逐渐被技术控制,成为技术的奴隶,越来越显示出技术化的倾向。这也是现代性危机的重要表现之一。在技术座架的促逼下,人类社会也越来越像一个>技术领域<由此形成了现代>理性人<的困境。那么,人类社会心理技术化的倾向完全不可逆转吗?针对此问题,本文试图借助弗洛姆的技术人道化理论,找到一条避免异化,使技术发展与社会心理形成良性互动的和谐发展道路。通过分析,本文认为,注重人的因素的介入,促进人类社会心理的完善及对技术的合理运用,并加强对技术的人文关怀,理性地运用技术伦理加以引导应是避免社会心理技术化的一条可行之路。 Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Ling T1 - A Study on Social Filter in Howard Goldblatt’s Translation of >I Did Not Kill My Husband< 从社会过滤器看葛浩文的英译《我不是潘金莲》] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Foreign Language and Literature Research [外国语文研究], No. 4 (2017), pp. 97-105. N2 - 本文尝试应用弗洛姆的社会过滤器理论,从语言、逻辑和社会禁忌三方面对葛浩文英译《我不是潘金莲》文本中的过滤现象进行分析。研究发现,葛浩文对原文的过滤方法具有多样性,但总体上以归化为主。 N2 - In this paper, we try to apply the theory of the social filter of Fromm to analyze the filtering phenomenon in the text of >I am not Pan Jinlian< from three aspects: language, logic and social taboo. It is found that Ge Haowen has diversity in the original method, but it is dominated by naturalization. [Automatic Translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Ling T1 - Social Filter Theoretical Perspective on Howard Goldblatt’s Translation of >The Field of Life and Death< – Taking Ge Haowen's English translation of >Life and Death Field< as an Example [社会过滤器视角下文学翻译研究 –以葛浩文英译《生死场》为例 ], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2017 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 翻译是一项跨文化的人类交流活动,由于文化具有个性,因此不同文化间的对等翻译是不可能实现的,在将由一种语言所承载的文化转换为由另一种语言来承载时,定会出现损失现象。翻译过程中的文化缺失现象早已引起了译界的广泛关注,但在过去漫长的时间里,译界对该现象的研究却一直局限于语言层面,多是借用语言学理论来对其进行分析。直到二十世纪七十年代多元系统理论被提出以来,人们才逐渐意识到翻译的跨学科性质,开始致力于从众多其他学科中寻求理论支撑。在此过程中,哲学对翻译的指导作用日益凸显并激起了学者的高度热情。鉴于翻译是一种社会活动,因此翻译批评决不能忽视特定的社会因素的制约,这种制约用西方哲学家弗洛姆的话来说就是>社会过滤器<,本文拟以弗洛姆的社会过滤器为理论基础来研究葛浩文翻译的《生死场》英译本中的文化过滤现象,希望能有助于扩展翻译批评的理论视野,加深人们对翻译的社会属性的认识。>社会过滤器<概念是弗洛姆在解释社会无意识理论过程中提出的一种社会过滤机制,弗洛姆认为正是>社会过滤器<横亘在经验与意识之间,阻止某些经验转换为意识。翻译总是在一定的社会环境中进行,受某些社会因素的制约,因此,以>社会过滤器<为理论基础进行翻译研究符合翻译活动的社会属性。《生死场》是我国当代作家萧红的成名作,小说讲述了九一八前夕哈尔滨近郊一个村庄的乡民们的生活情状。原作中独特的语言风格和文化元素给翻译带来了巨大挑战。葛浩文先生曾在译者前言部分明确表示为了适应读者的审美倾向,他在翻译过程中不得不删改了原文的部分内容。可见,即使是像葛浩文这样的翻译大家,在翻译诸如《生死场》这样充满乡土气息的文学作品时,也没能摆脱社会过滤器的束缚。然而,正是这样的英译本,自1979年出版以来,却一直深受外国读者的喜爱。因此,对该译本进行研究一定能为翻译实践提供可资借鉴的经验。但截止到目前,译界对这一译文的研究少之又少,更谈不上全面性和系统性的批评了。本研究以《生死场》的英译本为研究对象,通过仔细对比原文与译文,并查询往期关于对葛浩文和他的翻译思想的研究,分别从语言、逻辑、社会禁忌三方面分析了译者在翻译过程中对原文本的处理,发现葛浩文对语言,逻辑,社会禁忌三个方面的内容的过滤力度并不是一致的,他对语言和逻辑的过滤力度较小,在以归化为主,异化为辅的翻译策略的指导下,主要过滤掉了原文的表达方式,而在意义上则做到了忠实于原文,但对社会禁忌的过滤力度则相对较大,主要通过采用归化和替代,过滤掉了原文的文化内涵和意义,仅仅保留了其功能。2017年是萧红逝75周年,此论文一方面算作译界在译本方面对葛浩文翻译研究的有效补充,另一方面作者也希望借此文向民国才女萧红致敬。 N2 - Since translation is an intercultural communication, and each culture carries with itself unique characteristics, the equal translation between different cultures is surely impossible. When the culture embodied in one language is translated into another, it will inevitably undergo some losses. Though the loss of culture in translation has long be award and studied, most of such studies have limited their theoretical perspectives to linguistic theories and focused merely on language. It was not until 1970s, when the polysystem theory was proposed, translation started to walk out of the realm of linguistics and its inter-disciplinary nature began to become prominent. From then on, scholars all over the world expanded their studies from different perspectives to seek theoretical support for translation study. Among those perspectives, the philosophical ones have attracted abundant attention due to their remarkable guiding function on translation. Given the fact that translation is a social activity and is restricted by various social factors, translation studies can’t be completed without regard to the social filter. Though the combination of philosophy and translation enjoys a long history, the adoption of the social filter theory for translation study is rare and lacks of depth. This thesis takes Fromm’s social filter theory as its theoretical perspective to study the culture filtration in the English version of >The Field of Life and Death<, hoping that it will be of some help to broaden the theoretical horizon for translation studies and will do good to deepening people’s awareness of the social property of translation. The social filter is a filtering mechanism put forward by Erich Fromm in his attempt to explain how social unconsciousness occurs. According to Fromm, it is this mechanism that stands between experience and consciousness, forbidding certain experience to enter into the realm of con¬sciousness.– As translation always occurs in a certain social environment and is undoubtedly restricted by some social factors, so adopting the social filter theory for translation study is of high rationality and conforms to the social property of translation. Such application is made to the English version of Shengsichang, Hsiao Hung’s first novel that brought her great fame. The novel tells life stories about a group of peasants living in a small village near Harbin right before the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. The unique language style and cultural elements in the source text make the novel a paradigm of North-East China folk literature but at the same time, pose great challenges to translators. Howard Goldblatt stated in the Introduction of The Field of Life and Death that he had to make some changes and deflections to the source text to make the translation readable and acceptable by target readers. So it is safe to conclude that when translating literature filled with local flavor and unique language styles, even an excellent translator as capable as Howard Goldblatt can’t extricate himself from the restriction of the social filter. Though the English version of The Field of Life and Death is not faithful to the source text to some extent when considered strictly, it has enjoyed a high popularity ever since it was published in 1979, which proves that it is approvable to the target language society in both language and content, and thus a careful study of the translated version can certainly bring us valuable experience that is worthy of learning. It is for this reason and the insufficient study on it that this MA thesis is composed.– This thesis takes the English version of Hsiao Hung’s novel, Shengsichang, as a case study. By compa-ring the source text and the target text carefully and referring to the previous studies on Howard Goldblatt as well as his translation thoughts, the author has found that when dealing with language and logic in the source text, Howard Goldblatt adopted domestication as main strategy with foreignization functioning as a walking stick, but when it comes to the translation of social taboos, only domestication or substitution was adopted. It is concluded that social filtering does exist in translation and translation strategies should be selected flexibly in accordance with the power manifested by different components of the social filter in the target language society. In addition, since 2017 is the 75th anniversary of Hsiao Hung’s death, this thesis can not only be deemed as a supplement for studies on Howard Goldblatt and his translation, but can also be regarded as a way to honor the talented woman writer, Hsiao Hung. [Author’s translation Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Ling T1 - On Contemporary College Students' Happiness Education View Based Fromm Thought about Happiness [基于弗洛姆幸福思想视角谈当代大学生幸福观教育] JF - Teacher [教师], No. 35 (2015), p. 10. N2 - 随着全球化、一体化的推进,我国市场经济迅速发展,大学生作为一个特殊的群体,幸福观教育面临着诸多挑战。本文分析和总结了弗洛姆幸福思想的基本内涵,以期为我们今天探索当代大学生的幸福观教育提供理论和实践上的指引。 N2 - With globalization and integration forward, the rapid development of China's market economy, college students as a special group, the concept of happiness education is facing many challenges. This paper analyzes and summarizes the basic connotation Fromm happy thought, in order to provide theoretical and practical guidance for us to explore the contemporary college students view education happiness today. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Ling T1 - Fromm's View of Psychology [弗洛姆的心理学观研究] JF - Theory Research [学理论], No. 4 (2019), pp. 59-61. N2 - 随着社会发展,西方新马克思主义研究运动悄然升温,自从20世纪30年代以来西方心理学中就兴起了许多心理学趋向马克思主义的研究流派。弗洛姆是法兰克福学派成员之一,他在继承弗洛伊德精神分析理论基础上,研究马克思主义思想,坚持用人文与社会科学的方法来研究人的心理。创造了著名的异化理论、社会性格理论等。中国是坚持马克思主义一元论的国家,主流意识是马克思主义意识形态。因而研究弗洛姆马克思主义心理学思想,对于丰富和指导国内心理学研究,具有重要的学术意义和应用价值。 N2 - With the development of society, the Western New Marxist research movement has quietly warmed up. Since the 1930s, many psychologists tend to Marxist research schools. Fromm is one of the members of the Frankfurt School. On the basis of inheriting Freud's psychoanalytic theory, he studies Marxist thoughts and insists on using humanities and social sciences to study human psychology. He created a famous theory of alienation, social personality theory and so on. China is a country that adheres to the monism of Marxism, and the mainstream consciousness is a Marxist ideology. Therefore, studying Flemish Marxist psychological thoughts has important academic significance and application value for enriching and guiding domestic psychology research. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lixian T1 - Comment on Fromm’s Theory of Man [简评弗洛姆的人的理论] JF - Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences) [北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 2 (1989), pp. 74-81. N2 - 弗洛姆(1900—1980)生于德国法兰克福,是美籍犹太人,现代著名心理学家,社会哲学家,法兰克福学派的重要代表人物之一。年青时,他在德国攻读哲学和心理分析学。1934年因纳粹上台而流亡美国,先后在多所大学执教并成为美国国家心理分析学会的会员。弗洛姆研究的领域广泛,著述甚丰,他的理论在西方有很大影响,许多著作一版再版并译成多种 N2 - Fromm (1900 – 1980) was born in Frankfurt, Germany, American Jews, the famous modern psychologists, social philosopher, Frankfurt School, one of the representatives. When as a young man, he studied philosophy and psychoanalysis in Germany. The Nazis came to power in 1934 in exile in the United States, has taught university and become a member of the U.S. National Society of psychological analysis. The Fromm research fields, the writing is very lucrative, his theory has a great influence in the West, many of his works reprinted and translated into many [...]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 1989 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lixing T1 - A Deeper Analysis of Present Students’ Psychological Disorder [当前我国大学生心理困惑的深层剖析] JF - Journal of Neijiang Teachers College [内江师范学院学报], No. 3 (2003), pp. 71-75. N2 - 当前我国大学生心理问题突出,普遍存在自我意象模糊、情感障碍和行为障碍等心理困惑。本章从心理学视角就人的本质、需要、文化冲突、教育冲突和个体社会化几方面,对大学生心理困惑进行深层剖析。认为,当代大学生在人的本质、需要方面是弗洛姆、阿德勒的追随者,在文化冲突中,他们选择多元文化和先进制度;在传统与>柔性<教育中他们实践后者;他们的人生哲学大致经历:被动中的自我——以我为中心的自我——社会化中的自我。 N2 - At present, the psychological problems of college students in China are outstanding, and there are psychological confusions such as self-image blur, affective disorder and behavior disorder. This chapter makes a deep analysis of the psychological confusion of college students from the perspective of psychology on human nature, needs, cultural conflicts, educational conflicts and individual socialization. It is believed that contemporary college students are followers of Fromm and Adler in terms of human nature and needs. In cultural conflicts, they choose multiculturalism and advanced institutions; in the traditional and >flexible< education they practice the latter; they The philosophy of life is roughly experienced: the self in the passive - the self centered on me - the self in socialization. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lu T1 - Research on the Madman Image in Jin Yong’s Novel [论金庸小说中的疯癫形象 ], Master thesis, Chinese Modern and Contemporary Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 当代著名武侠小说家金庸,在1955年到1972年创作了15部武侠小说,他的每一部武侠小说在华人世界中都深受欢迎,其作品之所以如此受读者喜爱,很大程度上在于作品中塑造的众多栩栩如生,脍炙人口,令人印象深刻的人物形象。在金庸小说中不仅有潇洒俊逸的英雄形象和为非作歹的坏人形象,还有众多个性鲜明、诙谐幽默、内涵丰富的疯癫形象,这些疯癫形象在金庸小说中占有独特的地位,他们的文学史价值丝毫不逊于金庸小说中英雄和坏人形象的价值。本文以金庸在小说中塑造的疯癫形象为研究对象,结合疯癫人物的生存环境及过往经历,运用弗洛伊德、弗洛姆、阿德勒等人的心理学理论,以及相关社会学理论分析人物疯癫的原因,从而对金庸武侠小说进行深入探讨,在给予金庸武侠小说恰当评价的基础上,分析出金庸笔下疯癫形象的文学史地位和独特的文学史价值,进而挖掘出金庸在创作这些人物形象时复杂的内心世界。本论文包括绪论、正文、结语三部分。绪论部分简要介绍了本文的研究缘起和金庸小说疯癫形象的研究现状。正文分为三章:第一章,介绍了>疯癫<一词的传统意义和它在各个学科中的学理意义,进而总结出本文所说的>疯癫<一词的意义。通过对古往今来在文学史上出现的有代表意义的疯癫形象进行追溯和分析,去探究金庸小说疯癫形象对此前疯癫形象的继承与发展,总结出金庸小说疯癫形象和俗文学及雅文学中疯癫形象的不同之处,在此基础上阐述本文选择金庸小说疯癫形象作为研究对象的原因。第二章,根据人物疯癫成因把金庸小说中的疯癫形象分为因爱情失意而疯癫、因沉迷复仇而疯癫、因痴迷权名利而疯癫以及无法探究原因的疯癫四类,通过对这四类疯癫形象疯癫的原因进行分析,看到了金庸笔下疯癫人物的可怜可恨之处,看到了疯癫人物的身不由己,看到了疯癫人物隐秘的内心世界,从而展示了通俗小说家金庸对人性深处的深入探究和对人物内心的深刻挖掘。第三章,借各方学者对金庸小说的评价准确定位金庸小说在文学史上的地位,通过对金庸小说中的疯癫形象与其他人物形象进行比较,总结出疯癫形象在金庸小说中的独特地位。最后在对金庸小说疯癫形象进行全面总结的基础上指出疯癫形象在审美、认识、娱乐方面的文学史价值。结语部分总结全文,重申疯癫形象在金庸小说中的独特性和重要性,指出金庸小说在文学史中的地位和价值。 N2 - Contemporary famous martial-arts novelist Jin Yong wrote fifteen novels about swordsmen from 1955 to 1972, his every martial arts novel is very familiar with Chinese, his work is so popular with readers largely due to many lifelike image and impressive figures. In Jin Yong’s novel there is not only elegance and handsome heroic image and evil and bad image, but also madman image with distinct personality, witty humor and rich connotation, the madman image occupies unique place in Jin Yong’s novels, its value is no worse than the value of the image of heroes and villains. This paper takes the madman image in Jin Yong’s novel as research object, combines with the madman’s living environment and life experience, use Freud’s, Fromm’s and Adler’s psychological theory, and the club is related to theory, the author analyzes the reasons why people become mad to explore Jin Yong’s martial arts novels. Based on proper evaluation to Jin Yong’s martial arts novels, the author analyzes the position and value of the madman image and unearthed Jin Yong’s complicated inner world in the process of creation. This thesis includes introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part briefly introduces the research origin and current research status of madman image. The text is divided into three chapters: in the first chapter, the paper introduces traditional meaning of madness and its theoretical significance in various disciplines, and summarizes the meaning of >madness< Through analyzing and tracing the representative madman image in literature history, the author is to explore succession and development of the previous madman image, sum up the differences between madman image in Jin Yong’s novel and that in literature and elegant literature, and then expound the reason why to choose madman image from Jin Yong’s novels as the research object.– The second chapter, according to the mad reasons, madman image is divided into four kinds, mad for frustrated love, for revenge, for ambition and fame, for unknown cause. Through analyzing the reasons of four kinds of madness, the madman’s pity and disgust and their helplessness can be seen in the paper, and then Jin Yong’s talent of exploring human nature further and taping one’s inner world is shown.– The third chapter, through the scholars pinpoint to the evaluation of Jin Yong’s novels in the history of literature status, the madman image in Jin Yong’s novels is comprised to other characters, it sums up the unique position of the madman image in Jin Yong’s novel. Finally it points out the madman image’s the aesthetic value, cognitive value and entertainment value in literature history on the basis of the comprehensive summary of the madman image.– In conclusion part, the author reiterates uniqueness and importance of the madman image in Jin Yong’s novels and points out the status and value of Jin Yong’s novels in the history of literature. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lu T1 - From Alienation to Reversion of Human Nature – For Fromm’s Humanistic Ethics [从人性的异化到复归——有感于弗洛姆的人本主义伦理学] JF - Journal of Chengdu University (Education and Teaching Research) [教育与教学研究], No. 8, (2004), pp. 38-39. N2 - Erich Fromm perceived the alienation of human nature through the prosperity of modern western countries. He founded the theory of humanistic ethics in order to make man for himself and promote a sane society without depression. In that society, people can exert his potential enough and be himself at last. N2 - 美籍思想家弗洛姆透过繁华表面洞察到现代西方工业社会下人性的全面异化、人格的严重扭曲、人与自身日渐分离的现实状况 ,从而提出其人本主义伦理学 ,旨在建立健全的社会、健全的人 ,解除对人的压抑 ,使人创造性的潜能得以充分发挥 ,实现人的全面发展 ,达到真正意义上的人与自身的统一。 Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lu T1 - Fromm’s Humanity Alienation Theory and Comprehensive Human Development [弗洛姆的人性异化理论与人的全面发展] JF - Foreign Theoretical Trends [国外理论动态], No. 8 (2009), pp. 105-108. N2 - 德裔美籍思想家埃里希•弗洛姆(ErichFromm)是现代西方著名的新人道主义伦理学家、新精神分析心理学家、西方马克思主义理论家。他敏锐地洞察到,在现代资本主义社会社会生产虽有巨大发展,物质财富也不再匮乏,但人们生活得并不幸福,人们孤独、不安、机械化,人们同自己、同他人、同自然日渐分离,人被全面异化。弗洛姆的目标就是要构建人本主义伦理学,以促成>健全的社会<,消除其对人的压抑,使人的创造性潜能得以充分发挥,从而实现人的全面发展,达到真正意义上的人与自身的统一。一、人与自身相分离的生存现状:人类>生存的两歧<及全面异化自从人类有了自我意识之后,便意识到了自己面对这个强悍世界时的软弱无力,看到了人 N2 - The German descent American thinker Erich Fromm (Erich Fromm) is the famous modern Western humanitarian ethicists, new psychoanalytic psychologist Western Marxist theorist. His keen insight into notwithstanding the tremendous development of social production in modern capitalist society, material wealth is no longer scarce, people's lives are not happy, lonely people uneasy, mechanization, with yourself, with others, with nature growing separation, comprehensive alienation. Fromm's goal is to build the Ethics, to contribute to a healthy society, eliminate the repression of its people, the people's creative potential into full play, so as to achieve all-round development of the people, to achieve a real sense people with their own unified. Survival status of people with phase separation: human survival manifold and comprehensive alienation since the human self-awareness, we realized that the weak face this tough world to see people. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Luning A1 - Teng, Yufeng T1 - A Praisal of Fromm's Social Character Theory [弗洛姆社会性格理论评析] JF - Journal of Zaozhuang University [枣庄师范专科学校学报], 6 (2003), pp. 100-103. N2 - The theory of Fromm’s social character is especially important in personality psychology. This article analyses the source of social character theory, the character orientation of assimilation, the character orientation of socialization and the character orientation of multiplicity. The article also proposes personal opinion about the appraisal and application of the theory. N2 - 弗洛姆的社会性格理论在西方人格心理学中占有特殊的地位。他第一次提出了“社会性格”的概念,并以社会中作为群体的大多数人为研究对象。这对心理咨询治疗、教育、心理学及人的潜能开发都有积极的作用 Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Manman T1 - A Study of Alienation Theory in Fromm's >The Sane Society< [弗洛姆《健全的社会》中的异化理论研究] JF - Jingu Wenchuang [今古文创], No. 29 (2021), pp. 58-59. N2 - 从逃避自由到健全的社会,弗洛姆一直在寻找解决异化问题的方法。弗洛姆认为异化是一种心理现象,与马克思的观点不同,他认为异化不会随着生产力的发展、私有制的解体而消失。弗洛姆主要从心理学的角度研究异化问题,对资本主义社会中的异化现象进行了深刻批判,并提出了克服异化走上健全之路的途径。 N2 - From escape from freedom to a sane society, Fromm has been searching for a solution to the problem of alienation. Fromm believes that alienation is a psychological phenomenon, and unlike Marx's view, he believes that alienation will not disappear with the development of productive forces and the disintegration of private ownership. Fromm studied the problem of alienation mainly from the perspective of psychology, and made a profound criticism of the phenomenon of alienation in capitalist society, he proposed a way to overcome alienation and healing society.. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2021] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Mei T1 - Unbearable Freedom: On the Heroine in >The House of Mirth< [不能承受之自由:《欢乐之家》中女主人公命运解析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Shandong Literature [山东文学], No. 6 (2009), pp. 82-83. N2 - 迪丝•华顿的《欢乐之家》反映了十九世纪末和二十世纪初美国妇女的社会地位和现状,本文探讨了主人公丽莉的境遇和她为自由进行的抗争,并利用社会心理学家弗罗姆逃避自由的理论,剖析了女主人公以死亡结束命运的必然性 N2 - Edith Wharton’s >The House of Mirth< reveals American women’s social status at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century. The paper explores Lily’s fate and her struggles for freedom. By employing Erich Fromm’s theory about escaping from freedom, it also analyzes the inevitability of Lily’s death. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Meixiang T1 - A Study of Loneliness in Carson McCuller’s Representative Works [卡森•麦卡勒斯代表作品孤独主题研究], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China 2013 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 卡森麦卡勒斯(1917-1967)作为20世纪美国南方作家中的重要一员,以其作品独特的艺术风格和深刻的思想内涵而在美国文坛上占据重要一席。在她的五部小说作品中,最能代表其创作特色、也最为人所称道的是其中三部:《心是孤独的猎手》、《婚礼的成员》和《伤心咖啡馆之歌》。孤独是世界文学史长河中永恒的话题,亦是麦卡勒斯所擅长表现的领域。由于其特殊的成长经历,麦卡勒斯对隔离、孤独的理解和体验比任何人都深刻,在表达孤独这一主题时,再也没有人能像她那样>集中而有力,富于戏剧冲突和悲剧音调<①。麦卡勒斯的作品以工业化社会为背景,深刻描写了人类对未知命运和自我丧失的内心恐惧,突出表现了机械化社会之下人类陷入更加孤独的精神状态。在麦卡勒斯的作品中,我们不仅看到孤独所蕴含的人类本质意义上的精神隔绝,同时更能体会到其孤独书写中所传达出的强烈的批判现实意义。本文将围绕麦卡勒斯的三部代表作品,即,长篇小说《心是孤独的猎手》、《婚礼的成员》及中篇小说《伤心咖啡馆之歌》,采用文本分析的方法,首先分析作者孤独主题所呈现的具体方面,无论是环境、人物还是事件,都深深地刻上了孤独的烙印;其次从社会历史、文学传统及作者成长经历的角度追寻孤独主题确立之成因;最后再借助作家的创作理论及美国社会心理学家弗洛姆相关理论,进一步探究作品所体现出的批判现实意义。作者的孤独意识并非简单的、封闭的,她的创作是为了指向现实,为了帮助人们摆脱生存与苦难的困境,摆脱沉重的孤独意识,走向更美好的明天。 N2 - As one of the most important southern writers in the 20th century American literature, Carson McCullers enjoys an important place for her unique artistic style and profound connotation. Among her five novels, which feature her most are: >The Heart is a Lonely Hunter<, >The Member of the Wedding<, and >The Ballad of the Sad Café<. Loneliness is the eternal topic of world literature as well as the field McCullers does best. Given her special experience, McCullers’ understanding and experience for isolation and loneliness is much more profound than anyone else. When it comes to the theme >loneliness<, no one can write such >powerful, dramatic and tragic< works as she does. McCullers contextualizes her works in an industrialized society poignantly describes the inner fears of human for the unknown fate and self-lost; highlights the entanglement of a even more lonely state of mind kind under the mechanized society. In McCullers’ works, we can not only find the spiritual isolation of human nature the loneliness contains, but also realize the strong spirit of critical realism the loneliness writing conveys. - This paper focuses on McCullers’ three representative works, namely, the novel The Heart is a Lonely Hunter, The Member of the Wedding, and the novella The Ballad of the Sad Cafe adopts the method of close reading, firstly, analyzes the specific aspects of the author’s loneliness theme, whether it is the environment, people or events, are deeply engraved with the lonely imprint; Secondly, searches for the causes the establishment of loneliness theme from the perspective of social history, literary tradition and of the author’s personal experience; finally, with the help of the writer’s creation theory and the theory of American social-psychologist Erich Fromm, further explores the strong significance of critical realism the works reflect. Rather than a simple or closed consciousness of loneliness, the author aims the reality, she means to help people getting rid of the plight and suffering, relieves them from the heavy sense of loneliness for a promising future. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Ming T1 - Analysis of >Hooking-up< Social Networking under Erich Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< Theory – Based on Soul App Social Data [埃里希·弗洛姆>逃避自由<理论下>搭子<社交的剖析—以Soul App社交数据为切入点] JF - Southeast Communication [东南传播], No. 1 (2025), pp. 115-119. N2 - 本文聚焦于>搭子<社交现象,以Soul App社交数据为依据展开探讨。>搭子<社交在青年群体中的兴起,作为一种新型垂直社交关系,在互联网和社会结构转型影响下于青年中广泛流行,且Soul App成为其重要发展平台。通过数据分析揭示>搭子<社交的多方面特征,如获取方式多元、不同年龄层接纳度有别、青年参与动机多样及与朋友关系存在差异等。从学理层面剖析其成因,趣缘关系为青年提供广阔社交机会,群体性孤独促使青年寻求陪伴以缓解孤独,弱关系强调社交边界感,加速主义反映青年在快节奏社会中对高效社交的需求。然而>搭子<社交也存在潜在风险,包括影响亲密关系建立、信息真伪难辨、与社会价值规范冲突等。遂引入弗洛姆>逃避自由<理论,指出>搭子<社交虽提供一定自由但也带来困境,如孤独感和缺乏安全感等,并从提升认知能力、正确思想引领、营造良好氛围等方面提出破解策略,以促进>搭子<社交健康发展,助力青年在社交中实现积极自由,推动其与主流文化和谐共生,适应社会发展需求。 N2 - This paper focuses on the phenomenon of > Hooking-up< social networking and discusses it based on Soul App social data. As a new type of vertical social relationship, >Hooking up< social networking has become popular among young people under the influence of the Internet and social structure transformation, and Soul App has become an important development platform for it. Data analysis reveals the various characteristics of >Hooking up< social networking, such as diverse acquisition methods, different acceptance levels among different age groups, diverse motivations for youth participation, and differences in relationships with friends. From a theoretical perspective, the causes of this phenomenon are analyzed. Interest-based relationships provide young people with broad social opportunities, group loneliness prompts young people to seek companionship to alleviate loneliness, weak relationships emphasize social boundaries, and accelerationism reflects young people's needs for efficient social interaction in a fast-paced society. However, there are potential risks in > Hooking-up< social interaction, including affecting the establishment of intimate relationships, difficulty in distinguishing the authenticity of information, and conflicts with social value norms. Therefore, Fromm's >escape from freedom< theory is introduced, pointing out that although > Hooking-up< social interaction provides a certain degree of freedom, it also brings difficulties, such as loneliness and lack of security, and proposes cracking strategies from the aspects of improving cognitive ability, correct ideological guidance, and creating a good atmosphere, so as to promote the healthy development of >Hooking-up< social interaction, help young people achieve positive freedom in social interaction, promote their harmonious coexistence with mainstream culture, and adapt to the needs of social development. [Translation: www.google translator, 3/2025] Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Na T1 - Fascinatiing Shackles – >Escape from Freedom< Students under Mikro-psychological Mechanism and Survival Dilemma [迷恋镣铐——弗洛姆《逃避自由》透视下的大学生的心理机制和生存困境] JF - Kaneda [金田], No. 10 (2013), pp. 412-413. N2 - 自由是现代启蒙精神的核心,但是随着现代化进程的推进,人们陷入了追求自由反而逃避自由的悖论中。弗洛姆通过对现代西方人生存境遇的考察,深刻地分析了资本主义社会的危机并揭露了资本主义条件下人们的精神疾病,为现代人的自由而全面发展提出了积极的途径和设想。他的这种对现代人生存困境的研究对解析当前社会背景下的大学生的心理机制和生存困境,具有重要的理论价 值。 N2 - Freedom is the core of the modern spirit of the Enlightenment, but with the advance of the process of modernization, people caught up in the pursuit of freedom but freedom to escape the paradox. Fromm by modern Westerners living circumstances of investigation, profound analysis of the crisis of capitalist society and revealed under capitalism people's mental illness, as the free and full development of modern man made a positive approach and ideas. He's such a survival of the modern research on the plight of the current social context analysis on psychological mechanisms and survival predicament, has important theoretical value. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Nan T1 - The Study of Human Self-alienation from Fromm's >Healthy Society< [从弗洛姆的《健全的社会》研究人的自我异化] JF - Theory Research [学理论], No. 26 (2013), pp. 49-50. N2 - 弗洛姆是弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义代表人物之一,致力于弗洛伊德的精神分析思想与马克思主义相结合。弗洛姆《健全的社会》揭示了资本主义社会中人的自我异化现象,从中可以研究他的>人本主义精神分析学<的基本思想。所以《健全的社会》是研究弗洛姆人的异化思想的重要文本,对人本主义的马克思主义研究有着重要的理论意义。 N2 - Fromm is one of the Freudian Marxists representatives dedicated to Freud's psychoanalytic thought and Marxism combined. Fromm >healthy society< reveals the self-alienation of the human capitalist society, which you can study his >humanism psychoanalysis<, the basic idea. Therefore, the >healthy society< is the study of human alienation Fromm thought important texts, Marxist humanism of research has important theoretical significance. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Ningning T1 - The Enlightenment of Fromm's Consumption Alienation Theory on the Construction of Ecologic Consumption Pattern in Contemporary China [弗洛姆消费异化理论对当代中国构建科学消费模式的启示] JF - Journal of Mudanjiang University [牡丹江大学学报], No. 8 (2017), pp. 29-31. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》中集中阐述了资本主义社会消费异化的现象,指出消费本是人们通往幸福生活的手段而非目的,但消费异化的出现使得消费逐渐背离其本质,这种本末倒置的结果让人们坠入消费异化的怪圈,造成了环境的破坏和资源的浪费,最重要的是阻碍了人的全面发展。研究和分析弗洛姆消费异化的相关理论,对认清我国当下存在的消费异化现象,构建生态消费模式以及促进人的全面发展有极为重要的意义。 N2 - Fromm's >sound society< focuses on the phenomenon of alienation of capitalist social consumption, pointing out that consumption is the means by which people lead a happy life, not the end. However, the appearance of the alienation of consumption makes the gradual departure from the essence of consumption. The result of the cart before the horse so that people fall into the vicious circle of consumption, resulting in the destruction of the environment and the waste of resources, the most important is to hinder the full development of people. Studying and analyzing the related theory of Fromm's consumption alienation is of great significance for recognizing the present phenomena of alienation of consumption in our country, constructing the ecological consumption pattern and promoting the all-round development of man. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Ping T1 - Review of Fromm’s Theory of Alienation [弗洛姆的总体异化论述评] JF - Journal of Guizhou University for Ethnic Minorities (Philosophy and Social Sciences) [贵州民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)], No. 3 (1995), pp. 67-69, 56. N2 - 弗洛姆是著名的精神分析学家、>新弗洛依德主义<的创始人、法兰克福学派的主要代表人物。他面对西方资本主义社会的深刻危机和非人道化过程的加剧,以异化作为揭露批判其罪恶和病态的核心范畴。因为异化>触及了现代人最本质的东西。<同时,他接受了法兰克福学派理论家马尔库塞的<人的总体异化论>观点,提出了他的总体异化论。本文试对他的这一理论作一点探讨。一在弗洛姆看来,无论是>青年<马克思,还是>老年<马克思,异化范畴在其思想中一直占据着>中心地位<。他对马克思在《1844年经济学--哲学手稿》中用劳动异化的四种表现来揭示资本主义社会的不合理现实是肯定的。他认为,>马克思不仅注意到了同自己的劳动产品的异化,还注 N2 - Fromm is a famous psychoanalyst, the founder of >Neo-Freudianism<, and the main representative of the Frankfurt School. Facing the deep crisis of the Western capitalist society and the intensification of the dehumanization process, he took alienation as the core category for exposing and criticizing his crimes and pathologies. Because alienation >touched the most essential things of modern man.< At the same time, he accepted the Frankfurter theorist Marcuse's >man's total alienation< point of view, and put forward his theory of total alienation. This article attempts to explore his theory. First, in Fromm's view, whether it is the >young< Marx or the >old< Marx, the category of alienation has always occupied a >central position< in his thinking. He was affirmed that Marx used four manifestations of labor alienation in >Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844< to reveal the irrational reality of capitalist society. He believes that >Marx not only noticed the alienation from his labor products, he also noted … [Automatic translation] Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Yu, Xiaoyan T1 - Analysis and Intervention of Psychological Crisis Caused by >No Self-love< – A Case Study of College Counselors [由>不自爱<引发的心理危机个案分析和干预——高校辅导员工作案例] JF - Journal of Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University [山东农业工程学院学报], No. 4 (2017), pp. 121-122. N2 - 失恋是大学生猝不及防的伤痛,需要引起辅导员的重视和有效帮助。文章对一则因失恋引发的>不自爱<女生心理危机案例进行分析和干预,特别详细描述以弗洛姆的>自爱<理论为指导的辅导员层面的干预策略,以期对高校辅导员的工作有所启示。 N2 - Lovelorn is the students caught off guard the pain, need to attract the attention of counselors and effective help. This paper analyzes and intervenes in a case of psychological crisis of >selfless love< caused by lovelorn, and describes in detail the intervention strategy of counselor level guided by Fromm's >self-love< theory, with a view to the work of college counselor Revelation. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Qi T1 - Research on Fromm's Disobedience Thought [弗洛姆不服从思想研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2022. N2 - Fromm inherited Marx’s humanistic thought and developed the psychoanalysis, not only do not obey the thought of theoretical connotation and forms, an important connotation in disobedience thought, also proposed shall establish a disobedient socialism and on the basis of the civil liberties cooperation of human society, form the unique ideological system. At the same time, he analyzed the phenomenon of human alienation and the adverse factors hindering the free development of human beings. The epistemological basis of his humanistic thought is the critical theory, criticizing the basic contradictions existing in capitalist society, and holding that people need to have the courage to disobey the orders of power if they want to establish humanistic socialism. On this basis, Fromm emphasizes the core concepts such as the condition of disobedience and the theoretical basis of social character, which provides a theoretical foundation for people to realize real free and comprehensive development. In addition, Fromm criticized the bureaucratic system of capitalism, the problem of old age and the psychological mechanism of escaping freedom. Based on Fromm’s disobedience thought theory origin and realistic background starting, explore the surrounding Fromm’s ideas of disobedience and evaluation, this paper expounds the main contents of Fromm’s disobedience thought, taking Marxist theory as the foundation, the theory of Fromm’s ideas of noncompliance with the value and limitations were analyzed, and thus introduces Fromm’s ideas of disobedience. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Qian T1 - On Fromm's Sound Social Theory [论弗洛姆的健全社会理论] N2 - 弗洛姆健全社会理论的哲学基础和核心是以人的心理精神分析为特色的人性论,他通过分析社会中人病态的精神状况,得出西方社会是不健全社会的结论,并从经济、政治、文化三个方面对健全社会的实现提出改革的建议:经济上进行>人道主义经营管理<、政治上发挥民主制度、文化上提高人民的道德情操,最终的目的是要实现一种人性完善、个人自由、充满理性和爱的>健全社会<。文章的第一部分主要从时代背景和理论来源入手,梳理并总结出弗洛姆健全社会思想形成的源头。第二章重点阐述了弗洛姆健全社会思想理论的构思过程。弗洛姆认为健全社会的最初模型应该是人道主义社会的雏形,他通过对社会不健全现象的批判最终提出通往健全之路的改革建议。第三部分是对弗洛姆健全社会整体思想进行的评价。合理性表现在,弗洛姆揭示了西方社会存在的问题,将人性>理论<进行了详细的研究,同时拓展了我们对西方现代资本主义社会的观察视角;局限性则体现在,弗罗姆最终没能脱离其抽象的人性本质,他的人道主义社会观只是对西方社会进行的表面探索,未能找到资本主义制度存在的根本问题。因此,他的社会改革方案带有着理想主义的色彩。 N2 - The philosophical foundation and core of Fromm’s sane social theory is the theory of human nature, which is based on the analysis of human spirit, he analyzes the human society morbid psychiatric conditions, it is concluded that the western society is not perfect social results, and from the three aspects of economy, politics and culture, the reform proposals are put forward: >humanitarian management< in economy, political democracy and cultural play improve people’s moral sentiments. The ultimate goal is to achieve a perfect human nature, individual freedom, sane social rationality with full of love.– The first part of the article starts with the background of the times and the source of the theory, combs and summarizes the source of Fromm’s sound social thought.– The second chapter focuses on the conception of Fromm’s theory of social thought. Fromm believes that the original model of a sound society should be the prototype of the humanitarian society, he finally put forward the reform proposals to improve the road through the criticism of the phenomenon of imperfect society.– The third part is the evaluation of Fromm’s thought of perfecting the whole society. The rationality in western society, Fromm reveals the existing problems, the theory of human nature is studied in detail, and expand our understanding of modern western capitalist society perspective; limitation is reflected in the nature, Fromm ultimately did not deviate from the abstract theory of human nature,his humanitarian society only surface of Western society the study failed to find the fundamental problems existing in the system of capitalism. Therefore, his social reform program is with idealistic color. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Qian T1 - Research on Fromm’s >Humanization of Technology< Thought [弗洛姆>技术人道化<思想研究], Master thesis, Philosophy, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2021. N2 - 埃里希?弗洛姆,著名的人本主义哲学家、精神分析学家,其技术人道化思想是人文关怀主义研究的哲学理论之一,他的一生都在为了建立以人的全面发展为中心、技术服务于人类的理想社会环境而奋斗。弗洛姆认为,随着技术的不断发展,现代技术社会中人的发展受到了制约,社会偏离了人道化的发展,是一个异化的、病态的社会,他结合了心理学和社会学两个维度,提出了实现技术社会人道化的具体措施,希望将技术重新置于人的控制之中,营造一个健康的社会环境,最终实现人的全面发展。本文首先从弗洛姆>技术人道化<思想产生的时代背景、形成过程、思想追溯以及理论基础等四个方面入手,力图深入剖析其>技术人道化<思想。其次,对该思想的主要内容进行分析,从人的存在方式的异化现象,得出导致异化现象形成的>病原<,再>对症下药<提出如何摒除>病原<实现技术人道化发展的改革方向。最后,弗洛姆>技术人道化<思想从人性论出发,希望将人们的关注点回归到人自身的发展上,把总体社会变革与道德变革相结合,以期改变社会异化现象。虽然弗洛姆提出的实现技术社会人道化的具体方案不具有可实施性,只是构建了乌托邦式的健全社会,存在唯心主义及对资本主义批判的不彻底性,但也体现了人类对美好生活的憧憬。我国目前处于社会主义初级阶段,对我国目前技术发展的情况而言,弗洛姆技术人道化思想具有重要的借鉴意义,值得深入研究。弗洛姆技术人道化思想可以指引我们面对现代化技术社会快节奏的生活时如何树立合理的消费观念、坚定文化自信等。 N2 - Erich Fromm, a famous humanistic philosopher and psychoanalyst, whose idea of technological humanization is one of the philosophical theories of humanistic caring research, his life The all-round development is the center, and the technology serves the ideal social environment of human beings. Fromm believes that with the continuous development of technology, the development of human beings in the modern technological society is constrained, and the society deviates from the development of humanism, which is an alienated and morbid society. He combines psychology and sociology. Dimension, put forward specific measures to realize the humanization of technology society, hoping to put technology back under the control of people, create a healthy social environment, and finally realize the all-round development of people. This paper firstly starts from four aspects, including the background, formation process, thought traceability and theoretical basis of Fromm's >humanization of technology< thought, and tries to deeply analyze his thought of >humanization of technology<. Secondly, it analyzes the main content of the thought, and from the alienation phenomenon of human existence, draws the >pathogen< that leads to the formation of the alienation phenomenon, and then >prescribes the right medicine< to put forward how to get rid of the >pathogen< and realize the reform direction of the humanized development of technology. Finally, Fromm's >humanization of technology< thought starts from the theory of human nature, and hopes to return people's attention to the development of people themselves, and combine the overall social change with the moral change, in order to change the phenomenon of social alienation. Although Fromm's specific plan to realize the humanization of technological society is not feasible, it only builds a utopian sound society, there is idealism and incomplete criticism of capitalism, but it also reflects human beings' desire for a better life of longing. Our country is currently in the primary stage of socialism. For the current technological development of our country, Fromm's thought of technological humanization has important reference significance and is worthy of further study. Fromm's technical humanization thought can guide us how to establish a reasonable consumption concept and strengthen cultural self-confidence in the face of the fast-paced life of the modern technological society. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 4/2022] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Qian A1 - Tang, Junhong T1 - Interpretation of Family Relationships in the Theory of Alienation >Dombey and Son< in the [以异化理论解读《董贝父子》中的家庭关系] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Short Story (Original Version) [短篇小说(原创版)], No. 3 (2013), pp. 64-65. N2 - 《董贝父子》发表于1848年,是19世纪英国著名作家查尔斯•狄更斯(Charles Dickens) 笔下的一部重要作品。这部小说主要讲述了董贝父子公司兴旺和衰落的历史。在小说中,主人公董贝是一个极为贪婪、傲慢而冷酷的大资本家。他深信金钱的权威,把妻子儿女看做是自己追逐利益的工具。他歧视女儿,一心指望儿子 N2 - >Dombey and Son<, published in 1848, is a famous 19th century British writer Charles Dickens (Charles Dickens) a pen of important works. The novel focuses on the prosperity and decline of Dombey and Son Company's history. In the novel, the hero of Dombey is a very greedy, arrogant and ruthless capitalist. He was convinced that the authority of the money, his wife and children as their own pursuit of interests. He discriminatory daughter, son bent expect […] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Qianru T1 - Salvation, or can save us from the confusion of life – Reading Solovyov's >The Meaning of Love< [拯救,或能拯救我们于生命的茫然中——读索洛维约夫《爱的意义》] JF - Observation and Ponderation [观察与思考], No. 11 (2004), p. 57. N2 - 拿起刚出版的俄国索洛维约夫的《爱的意义》,题旨就带有现实指导意义,当然吸引我深入读下去的,是缘于刘小枫先生的几句导读语:这部小书对爱的分析从生物性层次——性爱入手,最终进入到爱的最高层次,实可谓>由浅入深<。国内曾刊行过弗洛姆的《爱的艺术》 N2 - Picking up the newly published Russian Solovyov's >The Meaning of Love<, the title has realistic guiding significance. Of course, what attracted me to read it in depth was Mr. Liu Xiaofeng's introduction: This little book analyzes love from the biological level - sexual love, and finally enters the highest level of love, which can be said to be >from shallow to deep<. Fromm's >The Art of Loving< has been published in China. [Translation: www.google translator, 1/2025] Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Qianyun T1 - Escapism in Kurt Vonnegut’s >Slaughterhouse-five<[库尔特•冯内古特《五号屠场》中的逃避主义 ], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2017 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 库尔特•冯内古特是第二次世界大战后美国最多产和最受欢迎的作家之一。《五号屠场》是冯内古特最著名的一部小说,被广泛地认为是一部典型的黑色幽默小说,同时也是一部后现代主义杰作。本文采用弗洛姆的>逃避自由<学说和萨特的存在主义理论分析《五号屠场》中以主人公毕利为主的逃避方式以及逃避本质,从而阐释作者冯内古特的逃避主义观,即逃避不能改变人的困境,不能抹去战争给人类带来的心灵创伤,更不可能阻止战争的发生。只有以积极的心态直面残酷的现实,才是当今人类最好的选择。全文共分为四章。第一章主要分析小说主人公毕利对>他者<的逃避。萨特认为,如果和他人的关系变得扭曲,则>他人<就是地狱。德兵、战友甚至是家人,对毕利来说都是>地狱<,在德兵和以欺负毕利为乐的战友面前,毕利一再忍让、逆来顺受,在妻子面前,沉默寡言、漠不关心,甚至不愿面对自己的母亲,因为她给了他生命,而他只想放弃自己的生命。毕利不愿意通过自己的努力改变与他人的关系,他的行为代表了战后世界人们的人性冷漠与人际关系的异化。第二章主要分析毕利对事实的逃避。在小说中,毕利幻想自己被外星人抓去,并深受外星人价值观的影响。外星人认为时间没有先后顺序,死亡、战争等令人产生负面情绪的事情,仅仅是无数生命时刻中的其中某个时刻,人们应该对此>漠然以对<,仅仅关注生命中的美好时刻。这种种想象其实是毕利不愿面对事实,为逃避内心痛苦的一种自我欺骗,是萨特存在主义理论中的>自欺<行为。第三章分析小说中不同人物的>逃避自由<现象及其原因所在。弗洛姆认为,>逃避自由<有三种方式:极权主义、攻击与破坏以及顺势与趋同。这三种方式在小说中毕利、韦锐以及拉杂罗等不同人物身上均有体现。无论哪种方式,都是为了逃避孤独与无力的生存状态。第四章分析小说中作者的>介入<,作者在小说中通过元小说的方式透露出自己创作此小说的意图,表达了其勇敢回首残酷的战争记忆、愿意为世人担起责任的决心。通过《五号屠场》中的讽刺,作者表明了自己对待战争以及战后荒谬世界的观点——为自己更要对整个社会和人类担起责任,直面现实。 N2 - Kurt Vonnegut (1922-2007) is one of the most prolific and popular American writers after World War Ⅱ. >Slaughterhouse-Five< (1969) is the most famous novel written by Vonnegut, which is widely regarded as a representative novel of black humor and also a postmodern masterpiece. On the basis of Sartre’s existentialism theory and Fromm’s theory of escaping from freedom, this thesis makes an in-depth analysis of the methods and essence of character’s escaping performances. This thesis is divided into four chapters.– The first chapter analyzes the protagonist Billy’s escaping from >the other<. According to Sartre, once the relationship with others is abnormal, then the other is >hell<. The Germans, the comrades and even family members are all Billy’s hell. Billy is unwilling to face up to the relations but his escaping cannot change his situations.– Chapter Two analyzes Billy’s escaping from truth. Billy imagines himself being captured to another planet and refuses to accept the truth of his real life. His behavior is a typical case of Sartre’s concept of >bad faith< (self-deception).– Chapter Three probes into the manifestation of characters’ escape from freedom. According to Fromm, escape from freedom dues to loneliness and helplessness deep inside one’s heart.– Chapter Four illustrates Vonnegut’s ideas towards the character’s escape phenomena—There is no place to escape to. Vonnegut bears the responsibility to advocates courage of facing the absurd world. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Qingxiong T1 - Fromm’s Explanation of Marx's Humanism [弗洛姆对马克思的人本主义解释] JF - Digest of Foreign Social Sciences [国外社会科学文摘], No. 5 (1981), pp. 46-47. N2 - 弗洛姆生于1900年,自1932年起生活在美国,开始是一个正统的弗洛依德主义者,但主要是以心理分析的文化学派的创始人之一而闻名的。这个学派跟弗洛依德的传统几乎是背道而驰,所以这个学派在人类学、文化理论乃至精神病理论方面几乎没有什么弗洛伊德学说的基础。弗洛姆可以被认作为法兰克福学派的亲属,不仅因为他属于法兰克福研究院,而且从他所写的著作中来看也是这样的。他跟法兰 N2 - One of the founders of the Fromm was born in 1900, living in the United States since 1932, began an orthodox Freudian advocates, but mainly in the psychological analysis of school culture is known for. The tradition of this school with Freud almost contrary to this school in anthropology, cultural theory and even psychiatric theory hardly the basis of what Freud. Fromm can be recognized as the relatives of the Frankfurt School, not only because he belongs to the Research Institute of Frankfurt, and from his written works. He told flange [...]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 1981 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Ruohan T1 - An Analysis of the Protagonist’s Two Freedoms in >A Clockwork Orange< from the Perspective of Freedom Theory of Fromm [从弗洛姆的自由理论视角解读《发条橙》主人公的两种自由], English Language and Literature, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning China 2020 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 发条橙》是英国作家安东尼·伯吉斯的代表作。这本小说被评为>20世纪最值得阅读的100本小说<之一,并且使安东尼·伯吉斯名声大噪。《发条橙》讲述了一个生活在未来英国社会的问题少年,由于青春期躁动走上消极自由道路,并受到政府的改造,重新融入社会期间,他自我意识逐渐觉醒,选择通过爱和劳动两种方式来追寻积极自由的故事。本篇论文应用弗洛姆的自由理论解读《发条橙》,探讨了以下两个问题。首先是消极自由如何在《发条橙》的主人公身上有所体现得;其次是在被改造后,主人公又是如何追寻积极自由的。这篇论文以对安东尼·伯吉斯及他的《发条橙》的介绍和对《发条橙》国内外学术研究成果作为论文开端,以对弗洛姆的自由理论的研究为理论框架,深度挖掘了《发条橙》中的造成主人公追求消极自由的因素。弗洛姆认为当人脱离原始纽带,并开始个体化进程后便会感到孤独和无助,为了躲避这些令人不安的感觉,现代人踏上了消极自由之路。消极自由有三种机制,一是权威主义,二是破坏欲,三是异化。而后弗洛姆又提出,现代人如何才能获得真正的自由?针对这一问题,弗洛姆认为只有人们的自我意识苏醒,并且通过自发性活动比如爱和劳动才能获得积极自由,即真正的自由。《发条橙》中主人公因种种原因,不得不踏上消极自由之路,在经过改造后,随着他自我意识的苏醒,他开始顿悟,于是,他又不顾一切地踏上了寻求积极自由的道路。本文运用弗洛姆的自由理论来解读《发条橙》,旨在阐述原本处于消极自由中的主人公,在经历种种后终于醒悟了只有积极自由才能给他带来真正的自我和归属感。这启发我们消极自由只能给人们带来表面的享受和快乐,实际上则是无尽的空虚与无助,只有积极自由才能带给人们幸福。同时,亦希望本文能引发更多人们对当下社会消极自由的关注和思考。 N2 - >A Clockwork Orange< is a masterpiece of Anthony Burgess. It is named one of the >100 most readable novels of the 20th century< and makes Anthony Burgess well-known. It tells a story about a troubled teenager who lives in the future society of England. Because of his restlessness in adolescence, he embarks on the road of negative freedom, and then he is punished by the society. After reforming, he reintegrates into the society, and his self-consciousness gradually awakens, then he pursues positive freedom through love and labor. This paper applies Fromm’s freedom theories to interpret >A Clockwork Orange< and discusses the following two problems. First of all, it is about how the negative freedom is reflected in the protagonist; secondly, after being transformed, how the protagonist pursues the positive freedom. This paper starts with the introduction of Anthony Burgess and >A Clockwork Orange< and the academic studies at home and abroad about >A Clockwork Orange<. It takes the research of freedom theories of Fromm as the theoretical framework, and deeply explores the factors that cause the protagonists to pursue negative freedom. According to Fromm, when people break away from the primary bonds, they will feel isolated and powerless. In order to avoid these disturbing feelings, modern people have embarked on the road to escape freedom, which is the negative freedom we have mentioned above. There are three mechanisms of negative freedom: authoritarianism, destructiveness and alienation. Then Fromm proposes that how modern people can obtain real freedom. He asserts that only when people’s self-consciousness woken up, and through spontaneous activities such as love and labor, can they obtain positive freedom, that is, real freedom. However, for various reasons, the protagonist in >A Clockwork Orange< has to step on the road of negative freedom. After being transformed, with the awakening of his self-consciousness, he begins to seek positive freedom. This paper uses Fromm’s freedom theories to interpret >A Clockwork Orange<, aiming to explain the protagonist who is recklessly pursing negative freedom finally awakens. He realizes that only positive freedom can bring him genuine self and belonging. This inspires us to understand that negative freedom can only bring people superficial enjoyment. Only positive freedom can bring people happiness. At the same time, I hope this paper can arouse more people’s concerns about the negative freedom of the contemporary society. [Author's translation] Y1 - 2020 ER -