TY - JOUR A1 - Abromeit, John T1 - The Origins and Development of the Model of the Early Critical Theory in the Work of Max Horkheimer, Erich Fromm, and Herbert Marcuse JF - Ingram, D. (Ed.): Critical Theory to Structuralism: Philosophy, Politics and the Human Sciences (The History of Continental Philosophy, Vol. 5), New York (Routledge) 2014, pp. 47-80. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abromeit, John T1 - Review Friedman, L. J.: The Lives of Erich Fromm: Love's Prophet JF - The American Historical Review, Vol. 119 (No. 3, 2014), pp. 846-847. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aragno, Anna T1 - The Roots of Evil: A Psychoanalytic Inquiry JF - The Psychoanalytic Review, Vol. 101, No. 2 (2014), pp. 249-288. [Online ISSN 1943-3301] [doi.org/10.1521/prev.2014.101.2.249] N2 - Of all the great dualities of human experience, >good and evil< have been the most instrumental in shaping the beliefs, rituals, and laws of >Homo sapiens<. The polarization of our nature into >good and bad< and anthropomorphic externalizations of these impulsions have been with us for millennia, providing inspiration for magical rites, representational forms, and the cornucopia of dramas, narratives, and artworks to which they give expression. Furthermore, whereas all religions advocate for good, the particular narratives of evil underlying the traditions of Western culture come to us from the Bible. However, good and especially evil are theological and moral, not psychological, constructs. With Freud's death instinct, and later Fromm's necrophilous character, the darker shadow of human nature became definitively secularized. After an introduction and historical/developmental overview of select theorists, this paper adopts a strictly psychoanalytic frame of reference in the exploration of what renders some human beings capable of doing inhuman things. Looking at behaviors manifesting through the psychodynamics of character structure and severe personality disorders, the breakdown of empathy and defacement of the >other< in the creation of an enemy is discussed. In conclusion two clinical portraits are offered, illustrating how primitive emotions and defenses, superego pathology, and latent schizoid, narcissistic, and projective mechanisms provide fuel and rationalization for malignant aggressive, duplicitous, and sadistic behaviors. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bai, Chentao T1 - Exploration of the >We< in the Art World [走进《我们》的艺术世界], Master thesis, Russian Language and Literature, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, Heilongjang, China 2014 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 20世纪二三十年代是俄罗斯反乌托邦小说兴起和快速发展的阶段。诞生于1921年的扎米亚京的《我们》不仅被称之为反乌托邦文学的开山之作,更是俄罗斯反乌托邦文学的奠基石。尽管在当时它被认为是>不合时宜<的,但是随着历史的发展,作品的珍贵价值正逐渐地被突显出来。鉴于扎米亚京和这部作品在俄罗斯文坛的重要地位和深远影响,以及反乌托邦文学体裁的独特艺术魅力,本文将再一次走进《我们》那瑰丽的艺术世界。论文共分为七个部分,引言部分主要介绍了反乌托邦文学产生的历史背景和发展的脉络;第一章着重分析《我们》创作背景、文学地位和价值;第二章到第五章分别从时空、主题、悖论、人的异化四个层面深入探索小说《我们》精彩纷呈的艺术世界:1、反乌托邦时空;2、>反方案<的主题;3、>荒谬而又真实<的悖论;4、>我们<的异化。结尾部分全面总结了《我们》所营造的独特的艺术世界。文中更是用弗洛姆自由论、马斯洛人类需求阶级理论来诠释《我们》作为反乌托邦文学的必然性,充分展示了扎米亚京《我们》这篇反乌托邦文学楚翘创作的独特视角和艺术魅力。 N2 - In the 1920s and1930s, the Anti-Utopian fictions were rising and developed rapidly. >We< written by Zamyatin in 1921, has been regarded as the first Anti-Utopian work, what is more, it was the mile-stone of Anti-Utopian literature in Russia. Although it was believed that We was inappropriate, the value of the book seemed prominent gradually with the development of history. This paper will give a picture about the mysterious art world made by We again due to the greatness and significance of Zamyatin and We in Russian Literature and the unique artistic glamour in Anti-Utopian works. There are seven parts in this paper. The introduction mainly gives a brief view of the historic back-ground and development of Anti-Utopian literature and its causes; the first chapter pays more attention to the background information, the status and value of We; chapters 2-5 deeply analyze the artistic world in We from the perspectives of time and space, the theme, the paradox and the alienation of human beings respectively: 1. the Anti-Utopian time and space; 2. the theme of counter-program; 3. >absurd but real< paradox and 4. the alienation in We. At the end of the paper, the unique artistic world created by We is summarized. Fromm’s theory of Freedom and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs are employed to illustrate the inevitability of treating We as the masterpiece in Anti-Utopian literature so as to show the unique view and artistic glamour Zamyatin’s We presents. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Belén Hernández, Francis T1 - Dos Visiones Sobre el Amor: El banquete de Platón y El Arte de Amar de Erich Fromm, Thesis (Licenciatura en Filosofia), Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra Santo Domingo (PUCMM), República Dominicana 2014, 98 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Berghahn, Sabine T1 - >Sie stammen aus einer anderen Welt, liebes Kind!< – Erinnerungen an ein Gespräch mit Gershom Scholem und seiner Frau Fania in Jerusalem JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 261-280. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bitterolf, Markus T1 - Rosa Meyer-Levine – Romantik und Revolution JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 249-260. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bitterolf, Markus A1 - Schlaudt, Oliver T1 - Georg Lukács: ›Die deutschen Intellektuellen und der Krieg‹ (1915) JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 203-220. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaustein, George T1 - Review Mandler, P.: Return from the Natives: How Margaret Mead Won the Second World War and Lost the Cold War; Friedman, L. J.: The Lives of Erich Fromm: Love's Prophet; Parmar, I.: Foundations of the American Century: The Ford, Carnegie, and Rockefeller Foundations in the Rise of American Power JF - American Quarterly, Vol. 66, No. 4 (Dec 2014), pp. 1117-1127. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blomert, Reinhard T1 - Renaissancestudien. Norbert Elias und die Heidelberger Renaissanceforschung der zwanziger Jahre JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 95-110. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bowlby, Lady Xenia A1 - Briggs, Deborah T1 - Living with the Reality of Dissociative Identity Disorder. Campaigning Voices, 2014. Y1 - 2014 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braun, Bernd T1 - Golo Manns Heidelberger Jahre – zwischen Karl Jaspers und Karl Marx JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 221-232. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braune, Joan T1 - Erich Fromm's Revolutionary Hope. Prophetic Messianism as a Critical Theory of the Future, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, 223 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bronner, Stephen Eric T1 - The Bigot. Why Prejudice Persists, New Haven (Yale University Press) 2014, 235 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brumlik, Micha T1 - Wissenschaft und Identitätsfindung. Der junge Erich Fromm. Alfred Weber, Karl Marx und Sigmund Freud. JF - M- Bitterolf et al. (Eds.), Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, ed by Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel, Heidelberg (Verlag Stefan Schöbel) 2014, pp. 111-118. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Burston, Daniel T1 - Review Friedman, L. J.: The Lives of Erich Fromm: Love's Prophet JF - Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 50 (No. 1, Winter 2014), pp. 106-107. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Campanini, Saverio T1 - Alu im Shalom. Die Bibliothek Gershom Scholems vor der Auswanderung JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 073-096. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cao, Jingjie T1 - An Analysis of Two Marriages of Herzog from the Perspective of Erich Fromm’s Theory [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Overseas English [海外英语], No. 15 (2014), pp. 163-164. N2 - Herzog is one of the most successful novels written by the Jewish Nobel Prize winner Saul Bellow. Herzog, the protagonist of the novel, has experienced a spiritual and emotional collapse, triggered by the breakup of his second marriage and his contemplation of the wasteland of modern life. In the novel, he has divorced twice respectively because he is bored and boring. The characteristics of the two ex-wives are in sharp contrast. Deep analysis of the two women and their marital relationships with Erich Fromm’s theory can facilitate our understanding of the novel, the writer as well as the modern world. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cao, Junli T1 - Education is Sprinkling with Love – Remember Shanxi Language Grade Teacher Yu Xian [洒向教育都是爱——记山西省语文特级教师樊玉仙] JF - Bulletin of Language Teaching Communications [语文教学通 讯], No. 13 (2014), pp. 4-6. N2 - 按弗洛姆的观点,母爱和父爱的本质区别在于母爱是无条件的:对于一个母亲来说,只要是她的孩子,无论丑俊,无论贤或不肖,都是她的至爱。但是,如果一群没有任何血缘关系的大孩子发自内心地称一个女子为妈,而且这个称呼一直到他们成年都不改,那这个>妈<是怎样的一个人呢?她就是山西省语文特级教 N2 - By Fromm view, the essential difference between motherly and fatherly love that is unconditional motherly love: For a mother, as long as her child, regardless Jun ugly, either yin or unworthy, are is her favorite. However, if the group does not have any kinship big kids from the heart, said a woman, mother, and this name is not changed until they reach adulthood, and that the >mother< is how one person? She is the language grade Shanxi teach […] [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cao, Wenhong T1 - Theory of Labor Alienation and Theory of Human Alienation — A Comparative Study of Alienation Theories of Marx and Fromm [劳动异化论与人性异化论——马克思与弗洛姆异化理论之比较] JF - The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute [江苏行政学院学报], No. 2 (2014), pp. 24-28. N2 - 劳动异化论和人性异化论,是马克思和弗洛姆在深度剖析资本主义社会不同时期人类生存状况基础上提出的两种异化理论。在关于异化的本质是反制还是心理体验、异化产生的根源是固化的分工还是>生存的两歧<、消除异化是通过社会革命还是改革等方面,两种理论皆存在根本性的分野,尽管它们之间有一定的继承和发展关系。因此,对二者进行系统的比较研究,既有助于进一步把握和理解马克思劳动异化论的科学性,同时也会在理论上拓宽异化问题的研究视野。 N2 - The theory of labor alienation and the theory of human alienation represent two kinds of alienation theories established by Marx and Fromm based on in-depth analysis of the state of human existence in different periods of capitalist society. Although there are certain inheritance and development relations between them, the two theories differ in essential terms about whether alienation is counteraction or psychological experience, whether the root causes of alienation is solidified division of labor or >bipolarity of existence<, and whether alienation can be eliminated by means of social revolution or reform. Therefore, a systematic and comparative study of the two systems can both facilitate the digestion and understanding of the scientific nature of the Marxist theory of labor alienation, and broaden the research vision in dealing with alienation issues. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ceng, Jing T1 - The Humanistic Principle of Christianity and Anne Sexton [基督教人本主义原则与安妮•塞克斯顿] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - The Journal of English Studies [英语研究], No. 2 (2014), pp. 24-26, 33. N2 - 基督教人本主义原则与安妮•塞克斯顿的诗作有着理论与实践一般的辩证联系,是其创作的驱动力之一;其诗歌以人及其力量为中心,以自我实现为目标,使人神圣化,从而将人从传统权威主义宗教偶像的控制中解脱出来,是该原则在文艺创作领域的本质体现;她的诗歌所指涉的正是埃•弗洛姆提出的基督教权威主义和人本主义原则,是二者斗争的竞技场,称之为一位重要的宗教诗人实不为过。 N2 - The humanistic principle of Christianity to Anne Sexton’s poetry is as theory to practice, which functions as the drive for her composition; that human and its universal power are central to her poetry, which aims at self-realization and sanctifying human beings so as to liberate the human from the grasp of religious idols, is the essential manifestation of the principle in question. Her poetry points to Erich Fromm’s authoritarian principle and humanistic principle of Christianity, serves as the arena of the two, which qualifies her as one of the most important religious poets. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ceng, Zilong T1 - Fromm’s Love Idea from Watching the Sichuan TV Channel Positioning >China Love< [从弗洛姆爱的思想看四川卫视>中国爱<的频道定位] JF - Southeast Communication [东南传播], No. 7 (2014), pp. 86-88. N2 - 四川卫视一直在不断探寻着自身的发展路径,从2005年以>天下故事<为口号到2008年汶川地震后>爱心成就梦想<直至2011年明确提出>中国爱<的频道定位,可以说>中国爱<理念既是应时应景而生,又是四川电视人不断探索所得。文章结合德裔美籍哲学家、心理学家艾里希•弗洛姆的大作、被誉为>爱的圣经>的《爱的艺术》分析了>中国爱>的内涵及外延,并以四川卫视自身情况和以江苏、重庆两家卫视为代表的其他电视媒体在频道定位方面的经验教训,审视四川卫视>中国爱<的频道定位,为四川卫视今后频道的发展提出了一些建设性意见。 N2 - Sichuan TV has continued to explore the path of self-development, from 2005 to the >story of the world< as the slogan after the 2008 earthquake, >dreams come true love< until 2011 clearly stated, >China Love< channel positioning can say, >love China< concept is both a seasonal occasion was born, who is continuing to explore Sichuan TV income. Combining German-American philosopher, psychologist Erich Fromm's masterpiece, known as the >love of the Bible< and >The Art of Loving< analyzed >Chinese Love< connotation and denotation, and in Sichuan Satellite own situation and to Jiangsu, Chongqing TV, represented two other television media lessons in terms of channel positioning, look at the Sichuan TV, >China love< channel positioning for the future development of Sichuan TV channel made a number of constructive comments. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chai, Ju T1 - Fromm’s Love Idea and the Value of Research on Contemporary Chinese Society [弗洛姆爱的思想及其对中国当代社会建设价值研究], Master thesis, Chinese Marxist Research, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi, Xi’an, China 2014. N2 - 作为西方著名的哲学家、社会学家、心理学家,弗洛姆通过自身真实生活和经历为基础,对人类的爱进行深入理论研究,以期帮助人们获得幸福。现代社会中,随着物质水平的不断丰富和科技的飞速发展,人们不断追逐物质收获的成功感,却越来越忽视精神世界,爱护与关心,人际冷漠、精神空虚、社会矛盾冲突等问题日益频发,物质和精神、索取和奉献、自私与关爱等的失衡,使人们日益偏离真正幸福的道路。弗洛姆爱的思想赋予了幸福更深层的含义,提出爱在本质上是>给予<,将爱分为神爱、自爱、母爱、性爱、博爱等层次,提出了爱的实践方式,指明了人通往幸福和谐的道路,使人们明白,真正的幸福是可以通过个体自身主动的努力和实践而获得的,即幸福是从爱开始的。论文主要阐述了如下内容:一是阐述了本论文的研究背景和意义、国内外研究现状,对当前弗洛姆爱的思想研究进行了梳理和分析。二是详细介绍了弗洛姆生平及其关于爱的主要著作,揭示了弗洛姆爱的理论产生背景,通过对宗教信仰爱、马克思哲学理论、弗洛伊德理论进行深入分析,对弗洛姆爱的思想理论渊源进行了揭示。三是总结凝练了弗洛姆爱的思想内涵,包括爱的定义、爱的要素、爱的实践等。四是论述了弗洛姆爱的思想的生成逻辑,对弗洛姆爱的思想积极因素和消极因素进行了评价。五是将弗洛姆爱的思想与中国当代社会建设相结合,指出了弗洛姆爱的思想对中国当代社会建设的启示,其对社会主义核心价值观培育、对人的全面发展的理论与实践、对现代社会人的爱的思想和行动具有重要借鉴意义。 N2 - As a famous western philosophers, sociologists, psychologists, Fromm through their own true life and experience as the foundation, the in-depth theoretical study on human love, in order to help people find happiness in society. In modern society, with the enrichment of material level and the rapid development of science and technology, people are constantly chasing material gain the success, and ignore the spiritual world of love and concern, interpersonal indifference, spiritual emptiness, social contradictions increasingly frequent problems in material and spiritual, claim and dedication, selfish and love, such as imbalance, make people increasingly deviating from the path of true happiness. Fromm’s thoughts of love gives a deeper meaning happiness, love is >giving< in essence, love can be divided into god’s love, love, love, sex, love, such as level, put forward the practice of love, to point the way to happiness, harmony, make people understand that the real happiness is the individual to be gained through their own efforts and practice, namely the happiness from love. Thesis mainly expounds the following contents: one is elaborated in this paper the research background and significance, research status at home and abroad, research on the current Fromm’s thoughts of love and analyzed.– Second, Fromm’s life was introduced in detail and its main works about love, reveals the theoretical background of Fromm’s love, love based on religious beliefs, Marxist philosophy theory, analyzing the theory of Freud, thought and theory origin of Fromm’s love was revealed.– Three is concise summary of the connotation of Fromm’s thoughts of love, including the definition of love, love, love of the elements of practice, etc.– Fourth, discusses the generation logic of Fromm’s ideas of love, love from the positive factors and negative factors in the evaluation.– Five is to Fromm’s ideas of love combined with contemporary Chinese social construction, Fromm’s thoughts of love are pointed out for the value of the contemporary Chinese social construction, the cultivation of socialist core values, to the person’s full scale development. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chai, Qiuxing A1 - Yuan, Xiaoyan T1 - Orienting To Sane Success – Analyzing the Concept of Success of the Contemporary Chinese from Fromm’ Sane Person [面向>健全<的成功——从弗洛姆>健全的人<看当代中国的成功观] JF - Journal of Harbin University of Commerce (Social Science Edition) [哈尔滨商业大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 1 (2014), pp. 120-124. N2 - 成功是一个内涵极为丰富的范畴,不同时代的每个主体对于成功的理解都有所不同。成功是一个人的生命价值不断得以体现的过程。作为弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义者,弗洛姆以现代人的心理机制为切入点,从>健全的人>的视角来关注人的价值实现。本文基于弗洛姆的这一思想,赋予>成功>以新的内涵:成功是在创造性的爱和工作中体验到自身的力量、财富和潜能的呈现和释放;成功是在人的自由全面发展中唤醒的内心自我生命力。 N2 - Success is a category, whose connotation is extremely rich, and each subject in different time has different concept of success. Success is a process where the value of personal life is reflecting constantly. Fromm, as a Freud’s doctrine of Marxist, puts the modern people’s psychological mechanism as the breakthrough point and pays attention to human’s value realization from the Sane Person. Based on the philosophy of Fromm, the thesis gives new connotation to success: success is something to experience their own power, wealth, and presentation of the potential and release in the creative work and love; Success is something to wake the inner vitality itself up in the human’s free all-round development. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chang, Caixia A1 - Sun, Min T1 - The Concept of Freedom in the Perspective of Western Marxism [西方马克思主义视域中的>自由<概念] JF - Journal of China Executive Leadership Academy Pudong [中国浦东干部学院学报], No. 2 (2014), pp. 62-67. N2 - 西方马克思主义的自由思想是对马克思自由思想的深化、拓展与补充,这种深化主要体现在,弗洛姆从心理学的角度提出了>逃避自由<的理论;马尔库塞从社会批判的视角,揭示了资本主义社会由于资本的扩张本性,所造成的一维向度的人,以及一维向度的社会。深入研究马克思主义自由观与西方马克思主义自由概念的内在关系,分析西方马克思主义自由在何种意义上创新、发展、补充了马克思主义的自由思想,有利于开拓我们的视野,启发我们的思维;有利于对马克思的历史唯物主义进行创新与完善,同时也更能进一步彰显马克思历史唯物主义中的自由概念的科学性与价值优势。 N2 - The Western Marxist liberal thought is the deepening, expanding and supplementing of Marx's liberal thought. This deepening is mainly reflected in the fact that Fromm puts forward the theory of >evading freedom< from the perspective of psychology; Marcuse from the perspective of social critique, it reveals the one-dimensionality of the capitalist society due to the expansionary nature of capital, and the one-dimensional society. In-depth study of the inner relationship between the Marxist view of freedom and the concept of Western Marxist freedom, and analyze in what sense Western Marxist freedom innovates, develops, and supplements the Marxist liberal thought, which is conducive to opening up our horizons and inspiring our thinking; It is conducive to the innovation and perfection of Marx's historical materialism, and at the same time it can further highlight the scientific and value advantages of the concept of freedom in Marx's historical materialism. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Yuhua T1 - Book Report on Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< [弗洛姆《逃避自由》读书报告] JF - Journal of Jiamusi Education Institute [佳木斯教育学院学报], No. 6 (2014), pp. 69-70. N2 - 自文艺复兴以来,人被解放了,越来越多的学者开始探讨与人自身相关的问题。这篇文章通过读书学习的形式分析了现代人孤独、烦闷等生活困惑的原因及对策。文章通过对>自由<概念的探讨,和对弗洛姆思想特色的了解,来解读书中的主要内容:人逃避自由的原因、逃避自由的机制并指出最终的出路是爱和自发的劳动。由书中的内容出发,对现代异化浪潮下,人们的孤独、不安等困惑进行分析并得出>现代人应该像弗洛姆提出的那样,认识自己,自由自发的进行热爱的实践活动,实现自己的价值<的对策。 N2 - Since the Renaissance, people have been emancipated, and more and more scholars have begun to explore issues related to people themselves. In this article, we analyze the causes and solutions of loneliness, boredom and other confusions in modern life through reading and studying. The article explores the concept of >freedom< and the characteristics of Fromm's thought to explain the main contents of the book: the reasons why people escape from freedom, the mechanisms of escape and the ultimate way out is love and spontaneous work. From the contents of the book, we will analyze the loneliness and anxiety of people in the midst of modern alienation, and come up with a solution that >modern people should realize their own values by knowing themselves and practicing their love freely and spontaneously<, as proposed by Fromm. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cong, Qian T1 - Neo-psychoanalysis in >Winesburg, Ohio< [新精神分析视角解读《小镇畸人》], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China 2014. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 舍伍德•安德森(1876-1941)被称为第一个美国心理学作家。在文学领域,他影响了一批作家如欧内斯特•海明威,威廉•福克纳和约翰•斯坦贝克等人。所以舍伍德也被称为>大师们的大师<。《小镇畸人》是舍伍德•安德森第一部反映人类心理问题的作品。温斯堡小镇是所有受美国工业发展的中西部小城镇的缩影。安德森将温斯堡的每一个畸人在工业化过程中所经历的心理创伤展现给每一位读者。纵观国内外评论,大多数评论家从精神分析角度研究畸人的心理问题,主要集中于弗洛伊德精神分析理论。此外,小说主题、社会背景、叙事技巧、小说结构等方面也进行了充分大量的研究。为了进一步挖掘作品的价值,笔者认为单纯从弗洛伊德理论分析作品中畸人的心理问题过于局限,弗洛姆新精神分析理论是对古典精神分析理论的继承和发展,结合了弗洛伊德和马克思的思想,提出了>人本主义精神分析<学说,强调社会环境对人的发展产生的影响,尤其是社会变革对人产生的心理影响。因此笔者尝试从新精神分析批评角度分析作品中的畸人。本论文共分四章:第一章为绪论,简要介绍本论文的研究背景,包括作者简介及小说概述;小说的国内外研究成果;以及本论文研究的重要性,包括选题原因、研究目的及方法。第二章从新精神分析理论出发,引入德国心理学家弗洛姆的新精神分析理论,分别从三个方面:>人的处境<,>人的需要<以及<社会性格<理论进行具体阐释与归纳。第三章主要结合作品中人物成为畸人的原因,根据三个理论对作品中的畸人进行分类,并结合作品进行具体分析。第四章概括总结本论文,归纳人在成长与发展中的心理需要,爱在人的成长过程中的关键作用,关注人的需要对人类社会发展的价值和意义,以及本论文的局限性 N2 - Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941), one of the first American psychological writers, influenced many great writers such as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, F. S. Fitzgerald, and some others. So it is justifiable to say that Sherwood Anderson is the master of masters. >Winesburg, Ohio<, the first fictional work of Sherwood Anderson, explores humankind’s psychological problems in the society. Winesburg is the epitome of all mid-western small towns influenced by American industrial development. Anderson depicts each grotesque in Winesburg who experienced mental sufferings during the process of industrialization to the readers. Observing the criticisms at home and abroad on Winesburg, Ohio, the author found that most domestic critics researches were made from the aspect of theme, social background, narration skills and story structures. But the analyses for grotesques from the perspective of Freud’s Theory will not be enough to explain the the work. Erich Fromm’s Neo-psychoanalysis, however, which combines Freud and Marx’s ideas, put forward the >Humanistic Psychoanalysis< theory, inherits the Classic Psychoanalysis and emphasizes the influence of social environment on people’s developments, especially on people’s mental impact during the social change, will better reveal the author’s purpose. - Four chapters are composed in the thesis. Chapter I is an introduction of the research background. Literature review consists of the researches at home and abroad. Chapter II starts from psychoanalysis and then introduces Fromm’s Neo-psychoanalysis. Human situation, human’s needs and the social character will be illustrated respectively. Chapter III mainly deals with text analysis. The grotesques in his stories will be analyzed according to Fromm’s theory. Chapter IV summarizes this paper, a conclusion will be made on psychological needs in one’s growth and development, and the value and its significance of love and the sane society will be highlighted. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cui, Jing T1 - The Research on Characters in Martin Scorsese Films from the Perspective of Psychoanalysis [精神分析视野下的马丁•斯科塞斯电影人物研究], Master thesis, Film Studies, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2014. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 美国导演马丁•斯科塞斯非常善于挖掘人物的内心世界,并能抽丝剥茧般地刻画人物心理状态的变化过程。他对人物精神问题的始终关注与精妙剖析体现了对现代人生存状态极大的人文关怀。论文运用心理学范畴中的精神分析理论研究马丁•斯科塞斯电影中的人物形象,主要针对有精神困扰的人物进行论述。全篇围绕马丁•斯科塞斯电影中的主要人物及其精神问题展开。首先探究斯科塞斯在影片中塑造的有精神问题的人物形象类型及其精神问题的主要根源。运用弗洛伊德、霍妮、弗洛姆等人的理论对影片中人物精神问题的病因追根溯源。然后解读斯科塞斯如何运用各种电影叙事手法达到揭示人物精神问题的目的。分析影片中叙事母题的选择和叙事结构的运用,阐释斯科塞斯如何借助各种影像元素的辅助,加深对人物精神状态的呈现,以及他对人物造型、色彩和镜头等视觉要素的风格化运用。最后围绕斯科塞斯偏爱在影片中塑造有精神问题的人物这一特点,对其社会价值和审美价值进行了深入的挖掘。从社会学、美学和受众心理学等角度重新审视电影文本,考察斯科塞斯讲述的故事和塑造的人物背后潜藏的深刻寓意。论文力求在对马丁•斯科塞斯的研究方面获得一些有创造性的突破,并能为我国影视作品创造出更生动更立体化的人物形象提供一些启示。 N2 - The American director Martin Scorsese is good at digging the inner world of the characters, as well as unraveling the changing process of characterization mental state. The subtle analysis of people’s mental problems shows great humane care to modern Americans. The thesis is aimed to analyze and explore the characters in Martin Scorsese movies, using psychoanalytic theory in Psychology. It starts to discourse around the characters and their mental problems in Martin Scorsese films. Firstly, it explores what causes the mental problems of the characters using the theories of Sigmund Freud, Karen Horney, Erich Fromm and so on. Secondly, it interprets motif and structure in Film narratology. Then, it comes to the visual language of Martin’s films such as the contour of the characters, the color and the shots etc. At last, it investigates the profound meaning hidden behind the stories and characters in Martin’s films from the perspective of Sociology, Aesthetics and the Audience Psychology. The thesis seeks to get some creative breakthroughs in research of Martin Scorsese, and offers our own film and television industry some inspiration to create more vivid characters. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dai, Jiaxin T1 - The Dilemma of Modern Man's Freedom and His Way Out – Reading of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< [现代人的自由困境及其出路——读弗洛姆的《逃避自由》] JF - Reform & Opening [改革与开放], No. 16 (2014), pp. 38-39. N2 - 弗洛姆在《逃避自由》一书中揭示出人的自由是一个递进的漫长过程,其包括从没有自由到获得自由和从消极自由到积极自由两个维度。现代人无可避免地遭遇着自由的困境:一方面现代社会使个人得以打破原有束缚而获得很大的自由,但同时这种自由也使个人尝受着精神层面的孤独与焦虑。为此,人们往往易于采取消极的逃避自由机制而以失败告终,真正走出自由困境的出路在于用爱心和劳动的自发性活动追求积极的自由,以实现对孤独的拯救和对自由的捍卫。 N2 - In >Escape from Freedom<, Fromm reveals that human freedom is a long and progressive process, which includes two dimensions: from no freedom to freedom and from negative freedom to positive freedom. Modern people are inevitably confronted with the dilemma of freedom: on the one hand, modern society enables individuals to break the old constraints and gain a great deal of freedom, but at the same time, this freedom also makes individuals suffer from spiritual loneliness and anxiety. The real way out of the dilemma of freedom lies in the pursuit of positive freedom through spontaneous activities of love and labor, in order to realize the salvation of loneliness and the defense of freedom. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dai, Xinchi T1 - An Analysis of Alienation in >Jude the Obscure< [《无名的裘德》的异化分析], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China 2014 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 托马斯•哈代是一位出生于十九世纪、跨越两个世纪的英国小说家,其小说有很强的现实主义色彩和一些现代主义格调。这一点在他的最后一部小说《无名的裘德》中表现尤为突出。在该作品中,他强烈批判了维多利亚时期社会存在的种种弊端,包括在宗教、社会制度、习俗以及家庭婚姻等方面。通过描写这些社会现象,他揭示出人们所处的生活环境和精神状态。《无名的裘德》的创作背景是十九世纪末的社会转型时期,在新旧观念和制度的对比下,人们在身体和心理上都遭受了巨大的创伤和苦难。其中,异化是这部小说表现最为鲜明的主题。哈代利用其超前的思维、敏锐的眼光以及自身的经历,仔细观察和感受周围的人和事,其作品反映出可能会成为一种未来趋势的诸多异化现象。小说的出版在当时遭到教会等舆论抨击,但就今天而言,小说揭示出来的思想和异化主题仍具有很重要的现实意义,值得当代人和整个社会去深思。在《无名的裘德》中,哈代聚焦于维多利亚时期社会转变的大背景,一方面描写了处于下层社会的一些有志青年,他们富有前卫的想法,渴望通过自身努力和奋斗达成目标,从而摆脱所处的贫苦环境;另一方面又展现了像阿拉贝拉这样不求上进、随波逐流的人,他们顺应社会变化,以利益为导向过着一种肉欲的生活。可悲的是,没有任何一方能够顶住社会的改革大浪而不被摧毁,他们最后都度过了悲惨的人生。从哈代对他们事业、宗教、婚姻、家庭等方面的描写,可以很清晰地看到每个人与社会、与他人、甚至与自己的异化矛盾。小说中的男女主人公无时不处于灵与肉的搏斗之中,精神饱受折磨,异己的力量时刻控制着他们。本论文主要以异化主题为中心,借助马克思劳动异化理论、弗洛姆的心理异化理论以及文学异化观点,对《无名的裘德》进行细致分析和解读。本文主要由三部分组成,分别为导论、正文和结论。主要内容如下:第一部分为导论,对作者以及作品进行简要分析,概述本研究领域的国内外研究现状以及本论文的写作目的和意义。第二部分为正文,由三部分组成:第一章主要阐释异化概念的形成与发展以及产生异化现象的社会背景。通过梳理异化概念,展现出马克思和弗洛姆对于异化的不同理解,以及异化在文学领域的蕴含。此外,论文通过分析工业革命、达尔文进化论、女性主义以及宗教影响等社会因素,进一步解释异化产生的根源,为下文深入分析异化主题奠定理论基础。第二章主要从社会异化的角度出发,分析人物的异化现象。主要从两方面入手,一方面是社会归属感的丧失,另一方面从马克思理论出发,分析主人公在社会中的劳动异化现象。通过对人物社会异化现象的分析,可以看出当时社会给人们带来的痛苦和折磨,让人们体会到通过自己的努力却无法获得认可和成功的心酸,进一步揭露出社会和人之间所产生的不可调和的异化矛盾与冲突。第三章主要分析小说中不同人物之间的人际关系的异化现象。小说中人际关系的异化主要表现在三个方面:一是裘德与阿拉贝拉之间充满激情而无爱的婚姻关系,二是裘德与苏之间不正当的精神恋爱关系,三是裘德和费劳孙之间疏远的关系。通过三方面的比较和分析,展现出当时社会人与人之间疏远、隔膜和彼此孤立的主题,进而揭示文学上的异化主题。第四章主要分析小说中的自我异化现象。裘德从奋斗到走向异化的过程,苏从反抗到妥协的变化,以及小时光老人扭曲的人性,分别从不同的侧面反映出主人公们自我否定的异化过程。最后一部分是结论。本部分概括论文主要观点,点明主旨,并结合现实指出可能产生的异化现象,提出当下避免异化现象的建议,揭示出本论文研究的现实意义。 N2 - As one of the famous English novelists, Thomas Hardy, born in the19th century, has lived through two centuries. Therefore, his novels are filled with a strong sense of Realism and some elements of Modernism, especially in his creation of the last novel >Jude the Obscure<. In this novel, he strongly criticizes the drawbacks in religion, social institutions, social conventions and even in families and marriages of the Victorian Age. Since the novel was created in the transitional period of the late of the 19th century, the conflicts between the old thoughts and the new ones have rendered people great pains and sufferings physically and psychologically. Among them, the theme of alienation is extremely obvious. With his leading thought, keen eyes as well as his own personal experiences, Hardy keeps a careful observation on the people and their lives around him, which enables him to reflect the alienation of people and society. Although this novel was severely attacked by the churches and many people at that time when it was published, its meaning is profound in today’s society. The thoughts and the theme of alienation reflected in the novel have a very constructive meaning for today and call for contemporary people and society to meditate. - In Jude the Obscure, under the background of social transition in the Victorian Age, Hardy, on the one hand, describes a group of the lower class youth with ambitions. They have the ideas in pace with the times and want to achieve success through their own hard work so as to get rid of their poor living conditions. On the other hand, Hardy also presents a group of people like Arabella, who make no efforts to seek progress and always drift with the current. They are obedient to the changes of the society and lead a carnal life which is only guided by interests and passion. However, pathetically, neither side can resist the wave of the social reform and avoid being destroyed. They all lead a tragic life in the end. From the description of different perspectives in their careers, religious beliefs, marriage and families, it is clear to see the alienated contradictions of oneself with the society and other people. The hero and the heroine always remain in the state of the struggle between the flesh and the spirit and to be tortured by the two. In the end, there generates an alienated power to control themselves. This thesis mainly takes the alienation as a focus to make a careful analysis of Jude the Obscure, in light with the theory of Karl Marx’s alienation of labor, Erich Fromm’s alienation in psychology and the views of alienation in literature. - There are three parts in this thesis, which contains an introduction, the main body and a conclusion. Its main contents are as follows: The first part is introduction. It mainly centralizes the short intro-duction of the writer and the novel Jude the Obscure. Besides, it will make a summary on the re-search status home and abroad in order to present a better introduction to the thesis, as well as the writing purpose and meaning of the thesis. - The second part is the main body, which is made up of three chapters: Chapter One tries to explain the development and background of alienation. Through the analysis of its development, the author tries to present Karl Marx and Erich Fromm’s different understandings on the alienated theme and the concept of alienation in literature. Besides, with the backgrounds of industrious revolution, evolutionary theory, feminism and the influence of religion, the thesis will further account for the roots for the generation of the alienation and lays the foundation for a better understanding of the theme.– Chapter Two mainly deals with the alienation arising from the society. It will analyze from two aspects. On the one hand, it is the loss of belonging. On the other hand, it concerns the reflection of the alienated labor in the novel. Through the analysis of the characters’ social alienation, it shows clearly that the great pains and sufferings have been brought to people by the society and people’s sad feelings on their failures despite of hard works, which further expose the irreconcilable alienated contradictions and conflicts between people and society.– Chapter Three concentrates on the interpersonal relationships, which contains the passion without love between Jude and Arabella, spiritual but illicit love between Jude and Sue and the estranged relationship between Jude and Philloston. Through the analysis and contrasts between them, it tries to reveal the estrangement between people, the lack of mutual understanding and the isolation from others in order to reflect the concepts of literary alienation.– Chapter Four focuses on the self-alienation of the characters, which consists of Jude’s struggle against alienation, Sue’s resistance to compromise and the distorted humanity of the Little Time Father. It aims to reflect the alienated process of their self-denial and self-destruction from different perspectives. - The last part is conclusion, which makes a conclusion of the previous chapters through the summary of each character so as to illustrate the subject of the thesis. In addition, it will describe some possible alienated phenomena generated from our daily life and put forward some suggestions to avoid the alienation. In conclusion, the analysis of the theme of alienation has its important realistic meaning. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - David-West, Alzo T1 - Erich Fromm and North Korea: Social Psychology and the Political Regime JF - Critical Sociology, Vol. 40, No. 4, July 2014, pp. 575-600. N2 - This paper addresses the problem of social psychology and the political regime in North Korea through the sociopsychological theory of humanist psychoanalyst Erich Fromm. Since humanist psychoanalysis has not been systematically applied in academic discussion on North Korean politics and society, the author outlines Fromm’s neo-Marxist/neo-Freudian perspective in conjunction with observations on eroding totalitarianism and patricentrism, group narcissism and anxiety, official ideology, internalized authority and women, the revolutionary façade, and dream analysis as a relevant component of a social psychology of North Korea. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Demm, Eberhard T1 - Alfred Weber: ›Der Beamte‹ (1910) JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 377-390. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Desai, Miraj U. T1 - Travel as Qualitative Method: Travel in Psychology’s History and in Medard Boss’ Sojourn to India JF - Journal of Humanistic Psychology, Vol. 54, No. 4 (2014), pp. 494-507. [Online ISSN 1552-650X] [doi.org/10.1177/0022167813517942] N2 - This article details the history, possibility, limits, and ethics of cross-cultural travel as a qualitative method in psychology. The article provides a brief overview of the ambiguous relationship between psychology and culture and develops an account of the history of travel methods in psychology. It then analyzes an exemplary case of travel research involving Medard Boss’ sojourn to India and his encounters with Indian sages. This article argues that the history of psychology is, in many ways, a history of the exiled, the dispossessed, and the traveler (e.g., Freud, Fromm, Fanon, Jahoda, Rogers, Jung, and others). The article concludes with reflections on using travel methods in an increasingly globalized world and in an ecologically sensitive way. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du, Zhongbin T1 - Give Children nothing but Love [给孩子完整的爱] JF - Journal of Educational Development (Second Half)[教育导刊(下半月)], No. 6 (2014), p. 75. N2 - 弗洛姆在《爱的艺术》一书中提出,成熟的人既同母亲的良知又同父亲的良知生活在一起,如果一个人只有母亲的良知,那他就有失去自我判断力的危险,就会阻碍自己和他人的发展。只有父爱与母爱相结合,才能帮助儿童形成完整的人格。实际上,诸如《爸爸去哪儿》这类亲子秀节目之所以能够热播,是因为它让我们感受到了父亲在孩子成长过程中的重要意义,并让我们开始来反思自己的亲子教育行为:在养育和抚育孩子的过程中,我们是否做到了给予孩子完整的 N2 - Fromm in >The Art of Loving< a book made, mature person with both conscience and mother living together with his father's conscience, if a person only when the mother's conscience, then he danger of losing self-judgment, it will hinder the development of themselves and others. Only the combination of fatherly and motherly love, to help children form a complete personality. In fact, such as >Where is the father< of such a program has been able to hit parenting show, because it allows us to feel the importance of fathers in children's growth process, and let us begin to reflect on their parenting behavior: in parenting and raising children in the process, we do give them complete. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Duan, Yuanwei T1 - >Juvenile Sea Myers< – Analysis of Alienation in Myers' Character [《少年迈尔斯的海》中迈尔斯的性格异化分析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Youth Literator [青年文学家], No. 20 (2014), pp. 88-89. N2 - 社会学家埃里希.弗洛姆认为社会性格发展不健全可能导致人性扭曲,而人性的异化含义指的是转让、疏远、异己、脱离。G.彼得洛维奇《哲学百科全书》中解释其通俗意义为:>异化是一种使人和物同他人或他物相疏远的行为,或者行为的结果<。美国记者吉姆.林奇的小说《少年迈尔斯的海》的主人公迈尔斯的成长经历正是与社会>异化<的典型代表。本文通过对少年迈尔斯的性格和经历的事件进行分析,力图展现其与社会异化,与他人异化,与自我异化的特征和成因。 N2 - Sociologist Erich. Fromm believes social character development could lead to distortion of human nature is not perfect, and the meaning of human alienation refers to the transfer, alienation, alien, detachment. G. Peter Pavlovic >Encyclopedia of Philosophy< in the common sense to explain: >Alienation is a people and objects with others or something else with alienating behavior, or the results of behavior.< US reporter Jim Lynch's novel >Juvenile Sea Myers< is the protagonist Myers upbringing and society >alienation< typical. Based on the juvenile Myers personality and experience to analyze events, trying to show their social alienation, alienation and others, characteristics and causes of self-alienation. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Durkin, Kieran T1 - The Radical Humanism of Erich Fromm, New York (Palgrave Macmillan) 2014, 250 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Engel, Amir T1 - Gershom Scholems >Kabbala und Mythos< jenseits deutsch-jüdischer Romantik JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 203-217. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fan, Chenglan T1 - Fromm’s Consumer Alienation Theory and Its Significance [弗洛姆的消费异化理论及其现实意义] JF - Theoretic Observation [理论观察], No 7 (2014), pp. 54-55. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》中集中论述消费异化,他认为现代资本主义社会是一个消费异化的社会,人与物品失去了真实的直接的联系,走向抽象化;消费由手段变成了目的,人被消费所统治,失去了主动性和创造性。弗洛姆首先阐述了异化和消费异化的思想;其次,他对消费异化造成的结果进行了深刻的批判,并在此基础上提出了克服异化的途径,他的消费异化理论在当今仍具有现实意义,为我国解决现实中存在的消费问题提供了借鉴。 N2 - Fromm focuses on consumption alienation in the >healthy society<, he argues that modern capitalist society is a society of consumer alienation, human and goods lost real direct link to abstract; consumption by means to become an end, people were ruled by the consumer, lost the initiative and creativity. Fromm first elaborated the idea of alienation and consumer alienation; secondly, the result of his alienation caused by the consumption of a profound critique, and on this basis, propose ways to overcome alienation, his theory of alienation in today's consumer still has a reality significance for China to solve the real problems that exist in the consumer to provide a reference. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fang, Xingfu T1 - The Filtered Clones: An Analysis of the Character and Fate of the Clones in >Never Let Me Go< [被过滤的克隆人—《千万别丢下我》人物性格及命运解析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Foreign Literature Studies [外国文学研究], No. 2 (2014), pp. 104-111. N2 - 石黑一雄的《千万别离开我》自2005年出版以来,受到评论家的青睐,但对作品中人物为何不具任何反抗意识的质疑也得到很多人的共鸣。运用当代美国思想家埃里克?弗洛姆的社会性格和社会无意识理论,能较深入地解析作品中的人物,并对这一质疑做一种新的解答:人类根据需要,运用语言、逻辑学和社会禁忌等社会过滤器,在社会化过程中培育科技空间里的产品——克隆人的社会性格和社会无意识,导致他们逆来顺受,毫无怨言地接受人类对他们重要身体器官的攫取和凄惨命运的安排。 N2 - Kazuo Ishiguro’s novel >Never Let Me Go< has gained popularity among critics since its first publication in 2005. It is questioned as well by some critics because of the characters’ lack of rebellious consciousness in the novel. The theory of social character and social unconscious put forward by Erich Fromm can meet the need to find a new answer to the question: For the sake of their own purpose, human beings shape in the process of socialization, with the help of social filter consisting of language, logic and social taboos, the clones living in the techno-space, which leads to clones’ obedience to >donating< their key body organs and their tortured miserable fate arranged by human. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Fang, Xingfu T1 - Huanxiang bi’an de jiushu: Fu luo mu ren xue sixiang yu wenxue 幻想 彼岸的救赎:弗洛姆人学思想与文学 [Salvation behind Illusion – On the Hominology of Erich Fromm and Literature], Beijing: Zhongyang bianyi chuban she 中央编译出版社 [Central Compilation and Trans¬lation Publishing House [application of Fromm's theories to art] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Feng, Chun-na T1 - On Fromm’s Mature >Love< and Its Practical Significance for Students [论弗洛姆成熟的>爱<的思想及其对大学生的现实意义] JF - Theoretic Observation [理论观察], No. 8 (2014), pp. 54-55. N2 - 在弗洛姆的《爱的艺术》中,弗洛姆指出爱是一门艺术,也需要具体的学习。爱,是对人类生存问题的基本回答,是拥有成熟性人格的人的一种能力。爱的本质是>给予<,爱的具体内容包括关心、责任、尊重和了解等要素。在当今社会,大学生的爱情观产生了严重的异化,所以爱情最终以失败告终。本文通过对弗洛姆《爱的艺术》的分析,针对现代人,尤其是大学生存在的爱情观异化的表现,探究爱的真谛,引导大学生树立正确的爱情观,从而更好地促进我国社会主义社会的道德建设和社会主义和谐社会的顺利实现。 N2 - In Fromm's >The Art of Loving<, Fromm states that love is an art and that it requires specific study. Love is the basic answer to the question of >human existence<, the specific content of love, including care, responsibility, respect and understanding and other elements. In today's society, college students' view of love has been seriously alienated, so love eventually ends in failure. Through the analysis of Fromm's >The Art of Loving<, this paper explores the true meaning of love and guides college students to establish a correct view of love, so as to better promote the moral construction of China's socialist society and the smooth realization of a harmonious socialist society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Feng, Chun-na T1 - On Fromm's Escape from Freedom Thought [论弗洛姆逃避自由的思想] JF - Journal of Chifeng University (Philosophy and Social Science Chinese Edition) [赤峰学院学报(汉文哲学社 会科学版], No. 10 (2014), pp. 105-107. N2 - 弗洛姆的《逃避自由》一书,是以分析法西斯主义得以产生的心理基础为目的的,但其关于资本主义社会条件下人的精神困境以及如何摆脱这种困境的分析,特别是对自由的含义及逃避自由的全面分析,对处于市场经济条件下的现代人的精神困境的理解及其克服途径具有一定的启发意义。 N2 - Fromm's book, >Escape from Freedom< aims to analyze the psychological basis on which fascism emerged, but its analysis of the mental dilemma of human beings under the conditions of capitalist society and how to escape from it, in particular its comprehensive analysis of the meaning of freedom and escape from it, is of some enlightening significance to the understanding of the mental dilemma of modern human beings under the conditions of a market economy and the ways to overcome it. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Freytag, Carl T1 - ›Alle Gehalte des Marxismus heideibergisch verfehlt...‹ Der Philosoph und Nationalökonom Alfred Sohn-Rethel (1899-1990) in Heidelberg JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 321-332. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fromms, Ērihs T1 - Bēgšana no brīvības (chapter 7 and appendix) Latvian by Andžela Šuvajeva JF - I. Suvajevs (Ed.), Begsana no brivibas? Erihs Fromms un Latjija, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 159-196. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Funks, Rainers T1 - Ēriha Fromma aktualitāte. Filosofijas lekcijas Riga, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, 62 pp. N2 - Izmantojot Fromma izstrādnes, kļūst iespējams nošķirt arī iedomātās un faktiskās vērtības. Iedomātās vērtības var gūt racionalizēšanas ceļā, kaut gan pastāvošās, faktiskās vērtības liecina par kaut ko citu. Fromms piedāvā šādas principā nedzīvošanas, proti, nebūšanas aprakstu (459): >Tagadējais vidējais cilvēks pats gandrīz vai nedomā. Viņš atceras tikai datus, kas viņam sniegti skolā un masu medijos. Balstoties uz paša novērojumiem un domāšanu, viņš praktiski neko nezina no tā, ko viņš zina. Arī priekšmetu izmantošana gandrīz neprasa paša domāšanu un speciālās zināšanas. Dažas ierīces, piemēram, telefons, neparedz nekādu prasmi un piepūli. Cita priekšmeta, piemēram, automašīnas, izmantošana paredz mācīšanos tikai sākumā. Kolīdz tas kļuvis par rutīnu, vajadzīga tikai ļoti niecīga personiskā piepūle un speciālas zināšanas. Pat izglītoti mūsdienu cilvēki ļoti maz domā par reliģiskām, filosofiskām problēmām un pat nedomā par politiskām problēmām. Lielākoties viņi no politiskām un reliģiskām grāmatām un oratoriem tikai pārņem daudzkārt piedāvātās klišejas, nevis nonāk pie secinājumiem, kas ir darbīgas un dzīlēs ietiecošas pašu domāšanas rezultāts. Viņi labprātāk izvēlas tās klišejas, kas vairāk atbilst viņu pašu raksturam un viņu pašu sociālajai šķirai.< Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Caihong T1 - A Comparative Study of Marx’s Alienation and Fromm’s Alienation [马克思与弗洛姆异化思想的比较研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China 2014. N2 - 马克思和弗洛姆分别是19世纪和20世纪对异化问题有深入研究的哲学家。马克思置身于手工制造业为主要社会生产方式的时代背景,看到的是高强度劳作对工人体能的摧残,因此他关注是人的劳动异化,并以此作为其异化理论的切入点;而弗洛姆所处的时代是机器大工业生产时代,那时机器相对解放了人的双手,但人的精神却日益空洞和贫乏,因此弗洛姆关注的是人的心理异化,并以此作为其异化理论的切入点构建其异化体系。马克思和弗洛姆分别从不同视角对异化问题进行了研究,马克思倾向从历史实践的角度,对异化问题进行外在性考察;弗洛姆倾向从心理体验层面,对异化问题进行内在性反思。一个向外考察,一个向内反思,基本涵盖了人类生存所面临的两个主要层面,这可谓相辅相承,互为补充。因此,重新对两人思想进行比较研究是十分具有理论意义和现实价值的。本文通过比较马克思和弗洛姆异化思想的前提、切入点及内涵的异同,尝试从两人扬弃异化的途径中挖掘出对我国当代建设具有启示性价值的思想。 N2 - [Karl Marx who lived in the 19th century and Erich Fromm who lived in the20th century both were the great philosophers who had deep study of alienation. In Marx’s period, handicraft manufacturing was the main mode of social production. He found out that the high-intensity physical labor was devastat-ing the workers, so his main concern was alienation of human labor and he took it as starting point of interpretation for his alienation theory. Erich Fromm lived in the era of the20th century which is a modern industrial society. During that time, machinery industrial production is the main mode of production which relatively liberated the workers’ hands but the human spirit was becoming empty and poor. So his main concern was human psychological alienation and he took it as a breaking point to build the entire system of alienation theory.– Marx and Fromm took different perspectives on the issue of alienation. Marx tended to study the alienation from a perspective of historical practice and inspect the issue outside; Fromm tended to study the alienation from a psychological perspective and think about the issue inside. Both of their alienation theories cover the two main aspects that human existence is facing and mutually complementary. Therefore, the studies and comparisons based on the two alienation theories again have great theoretical significance and practical value. In this paper, by comparing the premise, starting points and connotations of their alienation theories, we try to find out some revelatory and valuable ideas for contemporary building in our country from the way they sublate the alienation. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Lu T1 - New Exploration on Marx’s Theory of >Whole Person< [马克思>完整的人<理论新探], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China 2014. N2 - 追溯历史长河,>人<的发展始终是各派哲学探索的重要内容。自人类诞生以来,随着社会历史的不断发展,人对自身发展的渴求不断增强。与此同时,哲学家们为实现人的合理存在价值而不断探索>完整的人<的积极涵义。马克思一生始终关注人的现实生存及人的理想发展问题,其哲学中蕴涵着丰富的人学宝藏。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,他首次提出>完整的人<理论以及>人的全面发展<思想,在马克思主义思想体系中占有极其重要的地位,对解决当今社会人的发展问题具有跨时代的指导意义。本文以>完整的人<为理论基线,以其概念提出的历史语境、影响、理想与现实终极目标及人的自由全面发展为主要内容,遵循逻辑与历史相统一、理论与现实相结合的原则展开研究。通过对相关历史语境进行阐述,以四个历史阶段为代表,捋顺人的追求的发展脉络,为马克思>完整的人<理论研究进行铺垫。针对>完整的人<概念的提出和基本内容做概括论述,其中以法兰克福学派代表人物马尔库塞、弗洛姆,以及存在主义代表人物萨特哲学中的人学思想,与马克思>完整的人<理论对比解读,更清晰、明确马克思>完整的人<概念。最后试图对马克思>完整的人<的理想与现实进行分析研究,从>异化<、>共产主义>、>实践<三方面着手,探索马克思提出人成为>完整的人<的理论路径,即从>完整的人<理论理想的提出到它走向现实的整个过程,围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自身间的关系来讨论马克思>完整的人<的终极目标即人的自由全面发展。马克思>完整的人<理论从其早期觉醒到概念的形成、相关学派的解读、最后到其独特体系的形成及与现实的关系,是一条浑然天成的人类发展道路的科学哲学解说。它强调人的全面、完整发展,反对人的片面、畸形、异化发展。马克思>完整的人<理论的全新探索,无疑对现代社会人的全面发展有重要的理论意义与现实价值。 N2 - The development of human being has been the focus of various philosophical schools in the long course of history. With the development of social history, human beings’ desire of their own development is becoming more and more intense. Meantime, philosophers constantly explore the positive meaning of >whole person< in order to achieve human beings’ reasonable existence value. Marx spent his whole life focusing on the realistic survival and idealistic development of human beings, which contains considerable human treasure in philosophy. He initially presented the theory of >whole person< and idea of the overall development of human beings, which plays an important role in Marxist ideology. It also works as a guidance to deal with the development of human being nowadays. This thesis presents the historical context, influence, ideal and realistic ultimate goal as well as the overall development of human beings as its main content based on the theory of >whole person<. It also follows the principle of the unity of logic and history and the combination of theory and reality. - The first part is the relative historical background. It studies the development of human pursuit four historical stages and paves the way for studying theory of Marx’s >whole person<.– The second part elaborates the relative conception and its influence. It presents the proposal of the concept of >whole person<, the author contrasts it with the thoughts of Marcuse and Fromm in the Frankfurt School and the Sartre’s thought of human in the Existentialism.– The third part is the core of the thesis. It analyzes the idealistic and realistic of Marx’s theory of >whole person<. Starting from three aspects, namely alienation, Communism and practice, it discusses the theoretical path to becoming the >whole person<, i.e. the whole process from the idealistic proposal of >whole person< to its coming true. The ultimate goal of Marx’s >whole person< is to achieve the overall development of human beings. The theory of Marx’s >whole person< is a scientific philosophical explanation in the way of human development from its early stage to the formation of the concept and from the explanation of the relative school to the formation of its unique system and its relationship with reality. It emphasizes the overall and complete development of human beings and side against the one-sided, deformed and alienated development of human beings. There is no doubt that Marx’s new exploration to the theory of >whole person< is an important idealistic value and realistic guidance to the development of human beings in the future. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Qun T1 - The Alienation of Characters in Donald Barthelme’s >Snow White< [《白雪公主后传》中人物的异化], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Qufu Normal University, Qufu and Rizhao, Shandong, China 2014. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 唐纳德•巴塞尔姆是20世纪美国著名的后现代主义作家,在其写作生涯中创作大量的小说。他的小说描写许多畸形变态、丧失人格的人物,揭露当代社会问题,笔锋触及当代资本主义社会的核心问题:人的异化。作为巴塞尔姆的代表作,《白雪公主后传》戏仿经典格林童话《白雪公主与七个小矮人》,其中的人物都不同程度发生了异化。这部小说深受读者和文学评论家青睐,前期研究主要从后现代特征、女性主义等角度对其进行分析,但很少有研究分析小说中人物的异化,并探究异化产生的原因。本论文运用美国当代著名精神分析学家、西方马克思主义法兰克福学派重要代表人物埃里希•弗洛姆的相关异化观点,论述巴塞尔姆的小说《白雪公主后传》中人的自我异化,人与人之间的异化以及人与社会的异化,并探索造成小说中人物异化的原因。弗洛姆继承发展弗洛伊德和马克思的相关理论,对当代资本主义社会的异化做了新的诠释。他认为,异化是人们的一种心理体验,是人类发展过程中不可避免的现象,其根源主要在于人存在的两歧性、人的逃避自由心理机制和人的社会性格。本论文共分为六章。第一章简要介绍唐纳德•巴塞尔姆的主要人生经历和《白雪公主后传》的主要内容,并论述本文的研究背景和目的。第二章为文献综述和理论基础。文献综述回顾国内外对《白雪公主后传》的研究和评价。理论基础部分介绍异化概念的发展历程及弗洛姆的有关异化的观点。通过分析发现异化主要体现为人的异化,即人的自我异化,人与人的异化以及人与社会的异化,这与巴塞尔姆在《白雪公主后传》中表现的人物异化一致。第三章通过弗洛姆有关人存在的两歧性的观点主要探讨小说中人物的自我异化,指出人类存在所固有的矛盾是人的自我异化的内在原因。本章主要通过分析白雪公主、保罗、七个矮人的性格特点,得出他们的自我异化是由自身的生存两歧性造成的。通过这一角度的分析论述,有助于深入了解人的自我异化的根源,并为理解人类社会发展过程中人的异化找到了新的突破点。第四章通过弗洛姆有关人在逃避自由时的心理机制的重点分析人物之间的异化,探讨人与人之间异化产生的根源。本章从家庭成员、朋友和其他人物三方面揭露人与人之间的异化。《白雪公主后传》中家庭成员之间的异化主要体现在白雪公主与七个矮人之间缺少相互关爱和信任,朋友之间的异化体现在保罗与七个矮人以及简与白雪公主之间复杂扭曲的友情。人们之间的异化主要是由人在逃避自由时产生的虐待、受虐、破坏和迎合的心理倾向导致的。运用逃避自由的心理机制来分析人物之间的异化,更进一步拓展了探索人类异化根源的方法和依据。第五章从弗洛姆的社会性格概念出发,主要分析人与社会的异化,深入剖析人与社会异化的原因。本章主要通过论述人与社会机构的关系:白雪公主与学校、比尔与法院、总统与国家制度之间的异化,指出社会机构缺乏社会和道德责任感,得出人的社会性格和资本主义制度的社会背景造成了人与社会之间关系的异化。通过对当代资本主义社会性格和社会背景来分析小说中人的社会异化,为全面把握人的异化的原因提供了借鉴,有助于我们更好地了解人类社会发展过程中的问题,预防人类异化的产生,使社会健康发展。第六章是论文的结论部分。首先,总结《白雪公主后传》中的人物的异化及其产生的原因,强调运用弗洛姆的相关理论对该小说进行解读的意义。其次,指出本论文的不足,由于学术水平和资料有限,本研究尚不够系统深入,有待完善。最后,展望今后的研究趋势。 N2 - Donald Barthelme is a distinguished American postmodernist in the 20thcentury, who creates lots of novels in his whole life. His novels depict a number of abnormal figures who lose personality and reveal contemporary social problems. His mighty pen has touched upon the essential problem of the contemporary capitalist society: human alienation. As Barthelme’s representative work, >Snow White< is a parody of the classical fairy tale of >Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs< by Grimm. Characters in Barthelme’s >Snow White< are alienated in some degree. This novel is highly praised by readers and literary critics, and the former studies, however, mainly analyze it from views of postmodern features, feminism, etc. While, there are few studies on people’s alienation in the novel and the causes behind the alienation. This thesis tends to apply the related views on alienation of Erich Fromm who is a famous American psychoanalyst and an important representative of the Frankfurt School of Western Marxism, discusses the characters’ >self-alienation<, >interpersonal alienation< and >social alienation< in >Snow White<, and probes into the causes of the alienation. Fromm inherits and develops related theory of Freud and Marx, and expounds the alienation in the contemporary capitalist society. He believes that alienation is a mode of psychological experiment, and it is inevitable during the process of human development, and the roots of alienation mainly lie in human nature’s discrepancy, people’s psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom and the social character of people. This thesis is divided into six chapters. - Chapter One chiefly introduces Donald Barthelme’s life experience and the main content of his >Snow White<, and illustrates the background and purpose of the study. Chapter Two is about literature review and theoretical basis. Literature review refers to studies and criticism on >Snow White< at home and abroad. The part of theoretical basis mainly expounds the origin and development of the concept of alienation, and generalizes Fromm’s view on alienation. This chapter points that the alienation is chiefly embodied in human alienation which includes people’s self-alienation, interpersonal alienation and social alienation, and this agrees with the alienation of characters reflected in >Snow White<. - Chapter Three mainly explores self-alienation of the main characters in >Snow White< according to Fromm’s opinion of human nature’s discrepancy, and concludes that human’s inherent contradictions are the internal causes of people’s self-alienation. This chapter mainly analyzes the natures and features of >Snow White, Paul and the Seven Dwarfs< and points that the self-alienation of the characters are leaded to by their discrepancy of existence. Analyzing from this aspect helps make clear the roots of human alienation and discover a new way to understand the human alienation during the process of human development. - Chapter Four mainly analyzes interpersonal alienation among characters based on Fromm’s view on psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom, and explores the causes of the alienation. This chapter discloses the interpersonal alienation among family members, friends and other characters. The alienation in the family is reflected in that there is no mutual care and trust and the alienation among friends is mainly embodied in the complicated and distorted relationship between Paul and Seven Dwarves, Jane and Snow White. Finally, this chapter indicates that the interpersonal alienation is brought about by the psychological tendencies of abuse, abused, destructiveness and automaton conformity. It provides evidence for further exploration of the causes of human alienation by means of the psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom. - Chapter Five principally analyzes the social alienation of the characters from Fromm’s concept of >Social Character< deeply analyze the causes of people’s social alienation. This chapter chiefly illustrates the relationship between characters and social institutions: Snow White and school, Bill and court, and the President and national system, figures out that the social institutions are devoid of social responsibility and sense of morality. And this chapter arrives at that the unproductive social character of people and the social background of capitalist system are the main causes of the alienation. Analyzing people’s social alienation from this aspect offers reference for fully understanding the causes of human alienation, and in the meanwhile, it is beneficial to better understand the development of human society in order to build a sound society. - Chapter Six is conclusion of the thesis. Firstly, it summarizes the alienation of the characters in >Snow White< and the causes of the alienation, stresses the significance of analyzing this novel through Fromm’s related theory. Secondly, this chapter points out that there are limitations of this study because of academic depth and limited materials, this study is not systemic or profound enough and it needs improvement. At last, there are predictions of the trend of further study. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goncharuk, E. A. T1 - Э. Фромм и Ж.-П. Сартр о мазохизме: сравнительныи анализ [Erich Fromm and Jean-Paul Sartre about Masochism: Comparative Analysis] JF - Психолог [Psychologist], No. 4 (2014), pp. 74-95. N2 - В статье предпринят сравнительный анализ феномена мазохизма у неофрейдиста Э. Фромма и экзистенциалиста Ж.-П. Сартра. Показано, что Фрейд усматривал корни мазохизма в тайнах детского психосексуального развития. Фромм как представитель неофрейдизма предпринял попытку радикально изменить этот диагноз. Он пришёл к убеждению, что феномен садизма и мазохизма не столько психоаналитический, сколько социальный феномен. Люди становятся заложниками этого невротического состояния в результате воспитания, социализации и реализации межличностных отношений. Власть растлевает людей. Она заставляет многих стремиться к властолюбию, а других обрекает на унижение и подчиненность. Принципиально другой взгляд развивает Сартр. Он полагает, что мазохизм не столько социальный, сколько антропологический феномен. Власть не может принудить личность к жестокости или подчинению, если это не совпадает с ее экзистенциальным выбором. Сартр создает свою концепцию мазохизма в полемике с Симоной Бовуар, с которой его связывали любовные отношения. Автор использует методы исторической реконструкции проблемы. Это позволяет показать, что мазохизм имеет исторические аспекты. На разных этапах складывались разные версии истоков мазохизма. В статье применены также методы философского постижения человека. Таким образом, феноменология социальности замещается в статье экзистенциальным мышлением. Новизна статьи в том, что проблема мазохизма не сводится только к психологическому аспекту. Впервые в отечественной литературе в историческом аспекте сопоставляются взгляды Фрейд, Фромма и Сартра. В результате показано, что от этапа к этапу осмысление данного феномена становится все более развернутым, ясным и теоретически продуктивным. Экзистенциальная экспертиза характеризуется как наиболее состоятельная. N2 - In article the comparative analysis of a phenomenon of masochism at the neofreudian E. Fromm and the existentialist J.-P. Sartre is undertaken. It is shown that Freud saw masochism roots in secrets of children's psychosexual development. Fromm as the representative of a neofreydizm made an attempt considerably to change this diagnosis. He came to the conclusion that a phenomenon of a sadism and masochism not so much psychoanalytic, how many a social phenomenon. People become hostages of this neurotic state as a result of education, socialization and realization of the interpersonal relations. The power corrupts people. She forces many to seek for love of power, and others dooms to humiliation and subordination. Essentially other look is developed by Sartre. He believes that masochism not so much social, how many an anthropological phenomenon. The power can't force the personality to cruelty or submission if it doesn't coincide with its existential choice. Sartre creates the concept of masochism in polemic with Simona Beauvoir with whom it was connected by the love relations. The author uses methods of historical reconstruction of a problem. It allows to show that masochism has historical aspects. At different stages there were different versions of sources of masochism. In article also methods of philosophical comprehension of the person are applied. Thus, the phenomenology of a sociality is replaced in article with existential thinking. Novelty of article that the problem of masochism isn't reduced only to psychological aspect. For the first time in domestic literature in historical aspect views Freud, Fromm and Sartre are compared. It is as a result shown that from a stage to a stage the judgment of this phenomenon becomes more and more developed, clear and theoretically productive. Existential examination is characterized as the most well-founded. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Graybow, Scott T1 - Putting social theory into clinical practice: Incorporating Fromm's theory of 'social character' into a traditional psychodynamic treatment JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 33-39. N2 - This paper explores the possibility that consideration of Fromm's social character is relevant not only to an improved understanding of the collective unconscious of an entire community, but also to the clinical practice of psychodynamic psychotherapy with individuals. In doing so it attempts to extend Fromm's ideas about the intersectionality of psychoanalysis and sociology beyond the realm of social theory. The paper centers around the description of the psychodynamic treatment of an adult female whose psychological problems are thought to be partly the result of her social character, which was internalized during her formative years but whose impact remains apparent in light of her choice of ego defenses and general way of relating to and understanding the world. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e18/2014e Y1 - 2014 VL - e18/2014e ER -