TY - GEN A1 - A, Weixing T1 - The Psychoanalytical Study of the Absence of Love in Toni Morrison's >Love< [对莫里森小说《爱》中爱的缺失的心理阐释], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China 2012 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Toni Morrison, the first black American Nobel Prize winner in American literature, has had a profound influence in the literary world. So far Morrison has published nine novels In her novel >Love<, published in 2003, Morrison continues to pay attention to the black women under the patriarchy, sexism and racism. In >Love<, Morrison focuses on the miserable life of the black women and explores the absence of love and its restoration in the black families and the black community. Based on Fromm's humanistic psychology, the present thesis intends to reveal the absence of love for the main protagonists in >Love< and interpret the causes of the absence of love in the black women by the psychoanalytic theory of transference, projection and repression.– Firstly, the author gives an account of Toni Morrison's literary career and critical reviews on her work, a summary of the main plot of Love, and some commentaries about it as well.– Secondly, by introducing Fromm's humanistic psychology, particularly Fromm's theory of love and the psychological mechanism in terms of transference, projection and repression, the author intends to reveal the absence of love in the black community: the loss of maternal love between May and Christine; the absence of friendship in the black women, focusing on the cold sisterhood between Heed and Christine. The psychoanalytic transference and projection are applied mainly to interpret the causes of their abnormal relationships.– Thirdly, the author aims to illustrate the absence of love in marriage, concentrating on Heed's and Christine's marriage lives and uses repression to interpret how the miserable marriage coming into being under the influence of patriarchy.– And then, the author tries to explore the restoration of love in terms of the sisterhood and the unity of black community to show that the communication and interdependence on black women will promise a healthy and normal future both for African American women and for the whole community.– Consequently, a conclusion is drawn that the absence of love leads to different tragedies in the black women; however, love can eventually be restored by the efforts of black women and the black community. It can be obviously seen that Morrison, as a writer who has exposed the absence of love in the black women in the novel Love, is also a psychoanalyst who provides a panacea for restoring it, that is to say, the union of the black community and the elimination of patriarchy. Through mutual communication, understanding and sympathy, love as the bond of the black people will be returned. N2 - 托妮•莫里森,是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国黑人女作家,在美国和世界文坛上起着重要的作用。迄今为止,莫里森共创作了九部长篇小说。在2003年出版的第八部小说《爱》中,她继续关注在父权制、性别歧视和种族歧视下生活的黑人女性。小说《爱》以>爱<的缺失和复原为线索,描述了黑人女性悲惨的命运和生存状况。本论文分析了小说中黑人女性生活中种种爱的缺失的具体表现—扭曲的母爱,缺失的姐妹情谊,错位的婚姻关系,并以心理学家弗洛姆人道主义心理理论为依据,应用弗洛姆心理分析中的转移、投射和压抑理论,阐释了这些缺失的爱产生的根源。作者首先介绍托妮•莫里森,包括她的生平、文学成就及其作品的学术研究成果,并且概述小说《爱》的故事脉络及其相关的评论。其次,通过阐述心理学家弗洛姆人道主义心理理论,特别是他有关爱和心理机制(移情、投射和压抑)的理论,作者力图揭示小说中黑人家庭中母爱缺失和黑人女性中友爱缺失的具体表现来看黑人社区中人与人之间的爱的缺失的具体表现,并且重点分析梅与克里斯廷之间扭曲的母女关系及探讨克里斯廷与希德间冷漠的姐妹情谊。将分别从心理理论上分析其爱的缺失的根源是家庭之爱缺失的移情与人性弱点的投射。作者旨在说明黑人女性无爱的婚姻,以及黑人家庭和黑人团体的父权主义的压抑是导致希德畸形的婚姻和克里斯廷失败的婚姻的原因。之后,作者探讨了在黑人女性和黑人社区的共同努力下,黑人女性间化解仇恨,使姐妹之间的爱得以回归。最后,作者得出结论:莫里森通过关注黑人家庭、黑人女性及黑人社区中爱的缺失,来反映黑人女性真实的生存状态和悲惨的人生经历,借此来唤醒黑人社区中爱的回归。莫里森在小说《爱》中揭示了黑人女性生活中爱的缺失,同时她也为黑人女性找回失去的爱指明了一条道路:即黑人社区内部的团结和父权主义的消除。爱作为黑人种族凝聚力的象征,在黑人种族相互交流,相互理解,相互同情的努力下最终会得以回归。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Achimovich, Lois T1 - Review Daniel Mackler and Matthey Morrisey (Eds.): A Way Out of Madness: Dealing with Your Family after You’ve been Diagnosed with a Psychiatric Disorder Edited JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 681-682. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Adelson, Stewart A1 - et al., T1 - Toward a Definition of >Hypersexuality< in Children and Adolescents JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 481-504. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alfonso, Cesar A. T1 - Evidence Base for the Molecular Underpinnings of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 533-536. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bacciagaluppi, Marco T1 - Paradigms in Psychoanalysis. An Integration, London (Karnac Books) 2012, 296 pp. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Baum, Gerhart R. T1 - Meine Wut ist jung, Bilanz eines politischen Lebens – im Gespräch mit Matthias Franck, München (Kösel), 159 pp. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blumenfield, Michael T1 - Review Frederick J. Stoddard et al.: Hidden Impact: What You Need to Know for the Next Disaster: A Practical Mental Guide for Clinicians JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 691-692. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bonss, Wolfgang T1 - Teoría crítica e investigación social empírica. Notas sobre un caso ejemplar JF - Fromm, E., Obreros y empleados en v´speras del Tercer Reich, Un análisi psicológico-social (1980a-spa), Buenos Aires (Fondo cultura economica), 2012, pp. 49-105. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bouwer, Jan F. T1 - Erich Fromm JF - Champions of Enlightenment (Lulu.com) 2012, pp. 304-309. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Breger, Louis T1 - Freud: Darkness and Vision JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 211-242. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brus, Michael A1 - et al., T1 - Psychotherapy for Schizophrenia: A Review of Modalities and Their Evidence Base JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 609-616. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bucci, Wilma A1 - et al., T1 - Objective Measures of Subjective Experience: The Use of Therapist Notes in Process-Outcome Research JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 303-340. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Buechler, Sandra T1 - Still Practicing. The Heartaches and Joys of a Clinical Career. (Psychoanalysis in a New Key Book Series, vol 15), New York and London (Routledge), 230 pp. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cai, Chencong T1 - Implications of Western Marxist Dissimilation of Consumption Theories 方马克思主义消费异化理论的启示 JF - Journal of Southeast University (Philosophy and Social Science) 东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版), No. 6 (2012), pp. 5-8, 126. N2 - 消费不仅是经济问题,而且是与生态环境密切相关的重要问题。目前我国流行的诸如时尚消费、面子消费、情绪消费等病态消费行为,给生态环境造成了日益严重的负面影响。马尔库塞、弗洛姆、本.阿格尔等西方马克思主义者的消费异化理论,为我们剖析当前中国病态消费模式的实质、根源和危害,探索克服病态消费现象的途径,选择和构建健康消费模式,促进生态环境的可持续发展,提供了许多有益的理论启迪。 N2 - Consumption is not only an economic issue, but also an important matter of eco-environment. Morbid consumptions popular in China, such as the consumptions of fashion, reputation, emotion and so on, have produced inactive influence on eco-environment. Western Marxist theories on dissimilation of consumption, such as Marcuse, Fromm and Ben Agger, provide a referential theoretical base on which we can analyze the crux, origin and detriment of the contemporary Chinese morbid consumptions. The theories also provide some valuable enlightenment for selecting and constructing a healthy consumption mode and for promoting the sustainable eco-environmental development. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cao, Zhiyu T1 - Science and Technology from Western Marxist View of the Frankfurt School [西方马克思主义法兰克福学派中的科技观] JF - Jin Tian [金田], No. 11 (2012), p. 131. N2 - 一次世界大战之后的欧洲,科学技术发展进入了一个空前的盛况,然而,在这个盛况之下,一些哲人们开始对科学技术所创造出来的这个工业文明产生了反思,法兰克福学派是其中的最具有影响的学派之一,本文对法兰克福学派的科学技术观的探寻,着重分析了霍克海默、弗洛姆、马尔库塞以及哈贝马斯的科学技术观,分析清楚这些人的观点对于今天我们构建和谐社会主义具有十分积极的意义 N2 - In Europe after the First World War, the development of science and technology has entered an unprecedented grand occasion. However, under this grand situation, some philosophers began to reflect on the industrial civilization created by science and technology. The Frankfurt School is the most one of the schools of influence, this article's exploration of the Frankfurt school's view of science and technology, focusing on the analysis of the science and technology views of Horkheimer, Fromm , Marcuse and Habermas and analyzing these people's views for us today. Building a harmonious socialism has very positive significance. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carsky, Monica A1 - Yeomans, Frank T1 - Overwhelming Patients and Overwhelmed Therapists JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 075-090. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Chai, Tingting T1 - Zou jin makesi – Fu luo mu dui makesi sixiang de ren ben zhuyi quanshi 走近马克思—弗洛姆对马克思思想的人本主义诠释 [Approaching Marx – Fromm’s Huma¬nistic Interpretation of Marx's Thought], Changchun: Jilin daxue chuban she 吉林大学出版社 [Jilin University Press]. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chang, Liwei T1 - A Probe into Yu Dafu’s Self-Maltreat Complex [向晚独寻孤店宿 —郁达夫自虐情结探微] JF - Journal of Zibo Normal College [淄博师专学报], No. 4 (2012), pp. 35-39. N2 - 根据心理学理论分析,自虐情结普遍存在于作家群体。郁达夫的自虐情结则更为显著和复杂。弗洛伊德和弗罗姆对自虐情结的产生原因有着不同的解释。弗洛伊德秉承一贯的性本能说,弗罗姆则在弗洛伊德性本能说的基础上,提出自我消灭说。两种关于自虐情结生发的解释,放诸郁达夫身上都契合无虞。郁达夫本人的自虐情结与性爱的焦虑、命运的放逐、快感的获取以及自我的救赎有着复杂关系。这种情结表现在文学作品中,则指向身份、悲剧、灵感、艺术等方面的探索。 N2 - [According to the analysis of the psychological theory, the complex of self-maltreat is generally present in the group of writers, and among them, Yu Dafu’s self-maltreat complex is even more significant and complex. About the causes of the complex, Sigmund Freud and Fromm make different interpretations. Freud upholds consistently the theory of sexual instinct, while Fromm proposes the self-annihilation view on the basis of the sexual instinct view. These two explanations both can fit with Yu Dafu’s case. Yu Dafu’s self-maltreat complex has complex relationships with sexual anxiety, the exile of the destiny, the acquisition of pleasure and self-redemption. The complex is represented in literature by the exploration of identity, tragedy, inspiration, and art.] [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Aihua T1 - Fromm’s Critical Ethical Dimension of Capitalism – Erich Fromm’s >Sane Society< Interpretation [论弗洛姆批判资本主义的伦理维度——弗洛姆《健全的社会》解读] JF - Journal of PLA Nanjing Institute of Politics [南京政治学院学报], No. 3, (2012), pp. 37-43. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》一书中,首先立足于人本主义伦理学的社会精神分析学应然视域,从人的本性出发,分析人的需要。在他看来,一个健全的社会是一个符合人的需要的社会。他从人与环境的相互作用中,试图超越>生物学的<与>社会学的<方法来规定人性,进而提出了诊断人的精神健康的标准。基于上述多重视域的综合,他从人本主义伦理学的社会精神分析学理论预设出发,确立了批判资本主义的价值始点。其次,弗洛姆以其人本主义伦理学的社会精神分析学视域,透视17~18世纪资本主义演进的历史逻辑及其特性,揭示了资本主义社会人性的式微及其关系的疏离,进而论述了>物的地位高于人<的资本主义价值原则的生成。再者,弗洛姆通过分析20世纪资本主义的特征,揭示了人与自身、人与社会、人与自然伦理关系何以疏离,管理和消费等何以异化的根源。 N2 - Fromm in >Sane Society<, a book, the first based on the humanistic ethics of social psychoanalysis thought sight from human nature, the analysis of the needs of the people. In his view, a healthy society is to meet the needs of persons of a society. From human interaction with the environment, he tried to go beyond the >biology< and >sociological< approach to regulations humanity, then presents a diagnosis of the mental health standard. Based on the above multispects comprehensive, his the social psychoanalytic theory from the humanistic ethics default starting to establish a starting point of the value of the critique of capitalism.– Secondly, the Fromm its humanistic ethics social psychoanalysis sight, perspective logic of 17th and 18th century history of the evolution of capitalism and its characteristics, reveals the alienation of capitalist society, the decline of human nature and its relationship, and thus discusses the principles of capitalist values generated material outrank. Furthermore, by analyzing the characteristics of 20th century capitalism, Fromm reveals the root itself, the relationship between man and society, man and nature, ethics Kept away why the management and consumer alienation. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chen, Chaoyan T1 - The Escape and Pursuit of Freedom. >Play It As It Lays< Psychological Analysis [自由的逃避与追求 -《顺其自然》的心理学分析], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China 2012 [Application of Fromm's theories to art] . N2 - Joan Didion, entering the literary field in the1960's, has achieved great success in contemporary American Literature. Of Her works covers fiction with non-fiction and scriptwriting. Play It As it Lays depicts the social scenario and of America in the1960's and portrays especially the subsistent and psychological status of the female character Maria. It is for this reason that this novel becomes a symbol for the contemporary American society. This novel centers upon the process of Maria's psychological development, displaying the commonplace sense of people's insecurity and anxiety at that time, though they enjoy the abundant material pleasures. Living in the1960's, Maria takes on unconsciously all those features of that time, but only finds disappointment in the mechanism of how people think and behave. She feels more and more alienated and powerless in that world, which leads her to the midst of void.– In this thesis, the social-psychological theories by Erich Fromm are applied to analyze Maria's psychological development in the postmodern society. The theoretical framework, with >freedom< as its core conception, is intended to analyze the meaning of freedom to modern man as well as the reasons why people want to escape passive freedom and then point out the path to positive freedom. Maria's psychological status can be divided into two periods: the escape of passive freedom and the pursuit of positive freedom. Maria has experienced the disillusionment of the simulated Hollywood, wanting to escape the freedom that is gained through material pleasures and to pursue her individual freedom. The actions that Maria takes to escape the passive aspect of freedom almost end up with her self-destruction. For Maria, the three mechanisms of escape brought up by Fromm, namely, authoritarianism, destructiveness and automaton conformity, are all attempted by her unconsciously. However, by adopting these three escape mechanisms, Maria feels more isolated and anxious than ever. As a matter of fact, she doesn't want to perform as a part of this big machine called capitalism at the cost of losing herself. That's why she is defined by the society as a neurotic and ends up in neuropsychiatric hospital. Then Maria is on her way to freedom in a positive sense, which is realized through spontaneous love and work. The fact is that, in this novel, we only see the tendency and attempts of Maria's spontaneous activities as an individual self.– The spontaneity proposed by Fromm doesn't necessarily lead to any tangible results, but the willingness of individual to fully realize his true self. Through all the spontaneous activities mentioned above, Maria sets off on her way to freedom and salvation. N2 - 琼•迪迪恩,20世纪60年代步入文坛。她在文学创作上成绩斐然,在美国当代文学中地位显赫,并在小说、非小说及剧本写作上都颇有成就。迪迪恩的代表作《顺其自然》以独特的笔触描述了美国六十年代的社会图景,对生活在其中的女主人公玛利亚的生存状况和心理状况做了细致和深入的刻画,因而成为美国当代社会一个缩影。小说着力于描写玛利亚的心理发展历程,展现了后现代社会中人们物质生活充裕却又极度不安和焦虑的现状。她游离于社会和自我的边缘,无力地思考和行动,最终导致了精神崩溃。本文以弗洛姆的社会心理学为文本分析的框架,以>自由<为核心,以全新的视角诠释玛利亚的心理形成诱因和发展过程,以期能揭示现代人所处的>自由<的困境,并对此提出可供参考的解决方法。本文第一章介绍了该小说的研究现状、弗洛姆的理论框架以及本论文的结构。第二章叙述了玛利亚生活的时代背景,指出社会对于其生活方式和思想的影响,以及她对自由的渴求。第三章用弗洛姆的三种逃避自由的方式来分析玛利亚身处消极的自由中如何摆脱精神上的无力和不安。第一种是通过屈从于权威来摆脱孤独感;第二种是通过破坏自我去毁灭外在世界以摆脱外在的威胁;第三种是通过机械的自动适应来克服自身的软弱无力感。但是,这三种方式并没有使玛利亚摆脱困境,获得自由。第四章从积极自由的角度来反观玛利亚的心理发展历程,论证相对于其他人而言,她是小说总唯一一个追求积极自由的人。弗洛姆认为积极的自由应该是自发地去爱和工作,玛利亚就是这么选择的,坚持按自己的方式去生活。第五章是结论部分,通过对玛利亚心理发展过程的分析,揭示了一个身处后现代社会的女性如何面对自由困境问题并追求内心的自由。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Jie T1 - Fromm’s Educational Philosophy and Its Implications for the Contemporary Family Education [弗洛姆教育理念对当代家庭教育的启示] JF - Journal of Anyang Institute of Technology [安阳工学院学报], No. 1, (2012), pp. 26-28. N2 - 从父母在家庭教育中扮演的角色出发,借鉴弗洛姆理想的家庭教育理念,提出改善家庭教育可从以下几方面着手:第一,明确父母角色,实现优势互补;第二,父母双方要把握好爱的尺度;第三,完善父母人格,更好地担当教育之责。 N2 - Starting from the role of parents in family education, and learn from the Fromm ideal concept of family education, proposed to improve family education from the following aspects: first, to clear the parental role, complementary advantages; second both parents to grasp the scale of love; third, improve the personality of their parents, and the responsibility to take education. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Jie T1 - Ideal Family Education Concept Inspiration to Modern Education [理想家庭教育理念对当代教育的启示] JF - Anyang Daily Newspaper [安阳日报], Henan, March 9 (2012). N2 - 弗洛姆在代表作《爱的艺术》一书中提出了有关>理想的家庭教育<的理念,探讨了父母双方在家庭教育中的重要地位。在该书中,作者把爱看做人类对自己生存问题的一种回答,是人与人之间合作统一的巨大力量,体现了弗洛姆对于社会的高度关怀。笔者认为对现代家庭教育有 N2 - Fromm in the masterpiece >The Art of Loving<, a book made about the >ideal family education< concept, explores both parents in family education in an important position. In the book, authors love to do on their own survival of human kind to answer, is the interaction between the enormous power of unified collaboration, reflecting the high degree of social concern for Fromm. I believe that there is a modern family education […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cheng, Aiai T1 - Fromm's Theory of Social Unconsciousness [述评弗洛姆的社会无意识理论], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2012. N2 - Fromm is an important contemporary Western philosopher, psychologist and sociologist. His theory of social unconsciousness analyses deeply the nature, causes and operating mechanism of the social unconsciousness, and the way of revealing the social unconsciousness. In doing this it unveils the mystery of the social unconsciousness. It is of great significance for us to understand this theory. Fromm’s theory of social unconsciousness is based on Freud’s theory of individual unconsciousness and the Marxist doctrine of social existence and social consciousness. He treats Freud’s theory of individual unconsciousness as an intermediate step of interaction between social existence and social consciousness according to the Marxist doctrine, thus complementing the Marxist theory. At the same time, He transforms Freud’s theory of individual unconsciousness into the theory of social unconsciousness with the help of Marxist social theory. It is through this creative comprehension that Fromm creates his own theory of social unconsciousness.– Fromm gives a detailed explanation on those many issues involved in the theory of social unconsciousness. In his view, the social unconsciousness is same for most members of a society, repressing or unperceiving certain mental content. The core of the social unconsciousness is depression, the psychological roots of fear. It is the fear of certain objects that lead people to repress some inner experience. The operation of the social depression is carried out by three kinds of >social filter<, that is, of the language, logic, and social taboos, which depress certain mental contents into unconsciousness that can’t go through the filters. However, the social repression itself will lead to the false social consciousness, and it is the social unconsciousness that represents the more complete humanity, so that only can the transformation of social unconsciousness into consciousness achieve the >common goal of human nature<.– Therefore, we must remove the depression. The specific method is to intuit unconsciousness through the emotional experience of individuals, as well as to criticize the >false consciousness< through the humanitarian social criticism. Only in this way can people become complete and free, and can the society become sound. Fromm’s theory of social unconsciousness has some important theoretical contributions, for it enriches and integrates the doctrine of Marx and Freud, and provides reasonable argument for the social reforms and feasible recommendations to solve the problems of the contemporary social problems. But it also has some important theoretical defects, for Fromm’s understanding of Marx is distorted and Freudianism, and it is unrealistic of his humanitarian standpoint, the presumption of >common goal of human nature<, and the doctrine of >psychological revolution<. Finally, Fromm’s theory of social unconsciousness has important implications for contemporary Chinese society. It is revelation that we must unswervingly adhere to the road of Marxism in China, to social reform, and to the socialist spiritual civilization and socio-cultural construction. Only in this way can we truly build a harmonious society. N2 - 弗洛姆是当代西方重要的哲学家、心理学家和社会学家,他的社会无意识理论深入分析了社会无意识的性质、产生根源、发生机制、运行机制以及揭示无意识的途径,为我们揭开了社会无意识的神秘面纱,对于我们认识社会无意识有着十分重要的意义。弗洛姆的社会无意识理论是以弗洛伊德的个人无意识理论和马克思关于社会存在与社会意识的关系的学说为理论基础的。他将弗洛伊德的无意识视作马克思的社会存在与社会意识相互作用时所需要的一个中间环节,从而补充了马克思的理论;同时又用马克思的社会理论将弗洛伊德的个人无意识改造为社会无意识。正是通过这种创造性的综合,弗洛姆创建了自己的社会无意识理论。弗洛姆对社会无意识理论所涉及到的诸多问题给予了细致的解释。在他看来,社会无意识就是对大多数社会成员相同的、对某些心理内容的压抑或未觉察状态,其中压抑乃是社会无意识的核心。这种压抑的心理根源是恐惧,正是由于对某些对象的恐惧导致了人们对某些内在经验的压抑。而社会压抑的具体运行,则是通过语言、逻辑和社会禁忌这三种>社会过滤器<来进行的,它们将某些不能通过过滤的内容压抑在无意识状态。但是,社会压抑本身会导致社会意识的虚假性,而且社会无意识才代表着更加完整的人性,因此只有使社会无意识转变为意识,才能实现>普遍的人性的目标<,因此必须要解除压抑。具体的方法就是通过个人的情感体验去直观无意识、以及通过人道主义的社会批判对>虚假的意识<进行批判。只有这样,人才能变得完整、自由,社会才能变得健全。弗洛姆的社会无意识理论有着重要的理论贡献,它丰富和综合了马克思和弗洛伊德的思想,为社会改革提供了合理化论证,并为解决当代社会的各种问题提供了一定的可行性建议。但它也有着重要的理论缺陷,弗洛姆对马克思的理解是歪曲的、弗洛伊德化了的,他的人道主义立场、>普遍的人性的目标<的预设以及>心理革命<说都是不切实际的。最后,弗洛姆的社会无意识理论对于当代中国社会有着重要的启示意义,它启示我们必须坚定不移地坚持马克思主义中国化的道路、坚持社会改革、坚持社会主义精神文明和社会文化建设,只有这样,才能真正建立起一个和谐的社会。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cohen, Mariam T1 - Review Marie T. Hoffman: Toward Mutual Recognition: Relational Psychoanalysis and the Christian Narrative JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 711-718. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Collin, Catherine T1 - Man's main task is to give birth to himself: Erich Fromm JF - Collin, C. , The Psychology Book. Big Ideas Simply explained, London et al. (DK) 2012, pp. 124-130. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Conci, M. T1 - Sullivan Revisited – Life and Work. Harry Stack Sullivan’s Relevance for Contemporary Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis. 2nd ed. Trento (Tangram) 2012. Y1 - 2012 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cordón, Luis A. T1 - Erich Fromm JF - Freud’s World. An Encyclopedia of His Life and Times, Santa Barbara (Greenwood) 2012, pp. 155-160. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cortina, Mauricio T1 - Review Joseph D. Lichtenberg et al.: Psychoanalysis and Motivational Systems: A New Look JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 357-363. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dan, Wei T1 - Alienation Critique of Capitalist Society – From Marx to Habermas [资本主义社会的异化批判 -从马克思到哈贝马斯], Master thesis, Basic Principles of Marxism, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zheijiang, China 2012. N2 - 本文以哲学思想史为背景,首先对马克思以前的异化概念和思想进行回顾和分析。接着,分析指出马克思的异化理论是建立在前人的研究成果基础之上,具体是通过对霍布斯、卢梭、黑格尔、费尔巴哈等的异化理论的批判继承,从而创造出自己的劳动异化理论。马克思后来还进一步丰富和深化了他的异化理论,并将其贯穿到对资本主义制度的批判之中。>西方马克思主义<在马克思异化理论的基础上,结合自身所处的社会经济环境,发展出了各具特色的异化理论。其中,卢卡奇认为异化即是物化,可以通过无产阶级意识的觉醒和实践活动来克服各种物化;马尔库塞认为现代资本主义社会是一个病态的社会,通过爱欲的解放来摆脱资本主义社会对人的异化;弗洛姆认为当下资本主义社会的人性异化可以通过心理革命和社会革命进行克服;而哈贝马斯则认为可以通过>交往行为<的合理化来消除他眼中交往的异化。文章还论述了马克思和>西方马克思主义<对异化根源的探究以及在此基础上对资本主义社会的异化批判。本文的最后一部分主要是比较和分析马克思和>西方马克思主义<对资本主义社会异化批判的异同。指出了马克思对他那个时代的异化批判是准确的、科学的,而>西方马克思主义<对其所处的当代资本主义社会的异化批判也是有意义的,但存在不少问题。这对我们今天认识和批判资本主义社会的异化有着很好的启示作用。 N2 - This thesis first reviews the conceptions and thoughts about alienation which appear before Karl Marx's theory of alienation by taking the history of philosophical thoughts as background. Then, it points out that Marx's theory of alienation is based on the fruits obtained by his predecessors, such as Thomas Hobbes, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Hegel, Ludwig Feuerbach, etc. He inherits but also criticizes their ideas about alienation and then puts forward his own theory of alienation, which enriches and develops those predecessors' theories, and is used in practical criticism on capitalist system. - Combining Marx's theory of alienation with their own socioeconomic environment, Western Marxism puts forward various characteristic theories about alienation. Among them, Georg Lukács thinks that alienation is materialization, which can be overcome by the proletariats' practical actions and the wakening of their consciousness; Herbert Marcuse holds that modern capitalist society is diseased. The liberation of sexual desire can help people emancipate from the alienation by the capitalist society; Erich Fromm considers only psychological revolution and social revolution can eradicate people's humanistic alienation while Jürgen Habermas, according to his famous theory of communication, believes that it is necessary to rationalize people's communicative behaviors which seems alienated in others' eyes. - Besides those, the thesis also discusses the studies on the origin of alienation and the criticism on capitalist alienation by Marx and Western Marxism. The final part is the comparison and analysis of the similarities and differences between Marx's theory of alienation and Western Marxism's, which concludes that the former is considered as right and scientific criticism on capitalist society while the latter has many problems though it is also significant in criticizing the society in that period. Anyway, those are all enlightening in knowing and criticizing toady's capitalist society and its alienation. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Depue, Richard A. A1 - Fu, Yu T1 - Modeling Borderline Personality Disorder Based on the Neurobehavioral Foundation of Major Personality Traits JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 131-182. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Dorer, Maria T1 - Les bases historiques de la psychanalyse (Psyché de par le monde), Paris (Editions L’Harmattan) 2012, 200 pp. N2 - Il ne reste que peu de traces de l’existence de Maria Dorer: un livre publié en 1932, Historische Grundlagen der Psychanalyse, complété de Thèse d’habilitation pour l’obtention de la venia legendi à la Haute Ecole Technique de Darmstadt, quelques mentionsIl ne reste que peu de traces de l’existence de Maria Dorer: un livre publié en 1932, Historische Grundlagen der Psychanalyse, complété de Thèse d’habilitation pour l’obtention de la venia legendi à la Haute Ecole Technique de Darmstadt, quelques mentions sur Internet, une revue de l’ouvrage par Erich Fromm en 1932. Ce texte historique sur la psychanalyse peut être de nos jours considéré comme accompli avant la mise au jour de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler l’Esquisse (Entwurf) de Freud et des Lettres à Wilhelm Fliess (1887-1904). [Taken from Publisher’s Website: http://www.editions-harmattan.fr] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Du, Haiwei T1 - Analysis on the Thought of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< [解析弗洛姆的>逃避自由<思想], Master thesis Foreign Philosophy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2012. N2 - >Escape from the freedom< is the core of Fromm’s academic system. The main content of >escape from the freedom< contains following five aspects.– At first, the psychological mechanism of escaping freedom forms in human history. As human get rid of natural bondage, our ability of using reason to control natural is stronger and stronger, the Degree, etc of our freedom seem to higher and higher. At the same time, individual’s loneliness, anxiety and insecurity have been deepened. When human history came into the capitalist society, the contradiction reached incompatible limit, and society appeared the psychological tendency of escaping freedom and giving up themselves. Investigate the cause of phenomenon, because, in the whole course of human history, human only realize negative freedom of getting rid of external bondage, people want to escape negative freedom of full of internal contradiction, and realize positive freedom.– Secondly, the psychological mechanism of escaping freedom results in three escaping forms, namely the authoritarianism, desire of destruction and automatic adaptability. These forms are different ways, but giving up individual integrity is their common feature, people is trying to setup some new relationship between themselves and others or organization, so as to get rid of insufferable loneliness and insecurity. But because of the rational mature, human have already known that they are independent, so people only just take various ways to evade the problem but not really solve the problem.– Thirdly, the phenomenon of escaping freedom also has special social reason. As individuation and loneliness increase together, the inner contradiction of negative freedom gets the maximum in capitalist society, the reason is that aspects of social alienation produce, including economy, politics and culture etc. And, alienation of economic life leads to entrepreneurs, senior white-collar workers and workers become gears of a big economic machine; Democratic election is only a meaningless term. Voters are fooled dolls, and those candidates are also used tools by big corporations; In cultural life, no matter family education, school education or social education, we just know the official facts and knowledge according with some political ideology and social moral needs, we are molded into a kind of people, not the unique personal.– Fourthly, to eliminate alienation, realize positive freedom, we will work hard to achieve overall revolution in individual and society; as for individual, to learn to love and creative work. Inner qualities of loving contain giving, care, respect, understanding and responsibility, love is the psychological foundation to realize positive freedom. Creative work is to make the job itself into a demand. The realization of the positive freedom also needs social revolution to do guarantee. In short, social revolution is to establish a new democratic socialism country that people become important participants and managers of national economic life, guarantee the people’s democratic rights, and make the people become the nation’s true master, at the same time, attempt to establish the human harmony cultural system.– Finally, the >escape from the freedom< thought has important theoretical value. It reveals the essence of alienation, explores a new way of researching freedom and saves the individual’s value. At the same time, it’s able to help us to reflect on modern materialistic society life and improve our mental consciousness. But the theory also has some limitations, it don’t see the fundamental economic cause of the phenomenon of >escape from freedom<, the method that he attempts to achieve positive freedom though changing individual’s thought is worth weighing deliberately, and Fromm’s some measures of changing social haven’t feasibility. N2 - >逃避自由<思想是埃里希.弗洛姆学术思想体系的核心部分。>逃避自由<思想蕴含着如下五方面的主要内容。第一,逃避自由心理机制在人类历史进程中形成。人类逐步摆脱自然的束缚,运用理智支配自然的能力也越来越强,我们获得自由的程度似乎越来越高了,但与此同时,个体的孤独感、焦虑感与不安全感也随之加深。当人类历史发展到资本主义社会时,这两者之间的矛盾达到了不可调和的极限,于是在社会中就形成了放弃自我、逃避自由的心理倾向。究其原因是由于到目前为止,人类历史进程中所形成的社会体制和文化帮助人类实现的都是摆脱外在束缚的消极自由,人们要逃避的正是这种充满内在矛盾的消极自由,而不是人们理想的以自我实现为目的本身的积极自由。第二,逃避自由的心理机制主要有三种表现形式,即权威主义、破坏欲和自动适应。这三种逃避形式尽管所采用的具体方式不尽相同,但从总体上来说,都带有放弃自我和个体完整性的特征,都是企图使自己与他人或组织建立某种新的联系,以此来摆脱无法忍受的孤独感与不安全感。可是由于人理性的成熟,早已深知我们是独立的个体,所以人们选择逃避自由的种种方式只是暂时的回避问题,而没有真正的解决问题。第三,逃避自由现象的产生也有其特定的社会根源。个体化与孤独感并增的消极自由的内在矛盾之所以会在资本主义制度下达到极限,促使人们通过各种方式逃避自由,原因就在于资本主义社会在经济生活、政治生活和文化生活等社会方方面面异化现象的产生,导致了无论是企业主、高级的白领工人还是底层工人都沦为经济这一大机器的齿轮,被>资本<和>利益<所奴使;民主选举成为华而不实的空话,选民是被蒙蔽、被愚弄的玩偶,而那些候选人们也不过是背后支持他们的大财团所利用的工具而已;在文化生活中,无论是家庭教育、学校教育还是社会教育,我们所能了解的基本上都是符合一定政治形态发展需要的官方事实和知识,被灌输的也都是符合主流意识形态和社会道德要求的思想观念,我们最终只能被塑造成特定文化模式下所需要的一类人,而非独一无二的个人。第四,要彻底的消除异化,实现积极的自由,就要努力实现个人与社会的同时变革。就个体而言要学会爱与创造性工作。爱是可以被培养的内在能力,给予、关怀、尊重、理解和责任感是爱的关键要素,爱是实现积极自由的社会心理基础;创造性工作则是要使工作本身不再是维持生存的手段,而是保障自我得以实现的需求。积极自由的实现更需要社会在经济、政治和文化方面的变革做保障。从总体上来说,就是要建立使人民成为国家经济生活的重要参与者和管理者,切实保障人民的民主权利,使人民成为国家的真正主人,同时在文化上企图建立和谐一致的人类文化体系的新型民主社会主义国家。最后,>逃避自由<思想在揭露异化本质、探讨自由新途径及肯定人的价值方面具有重要的理论意义。同时也有助于现代人更好的反省物欲横流的社会生活和提高精神觉悟。但这一思想也有一定的理论局限性,它没有看到>逃避自由<现象背后的根本原因不是心里原因而是经济原因,企图用人的思想的改变来实现积极自由的方法也很值得推敲,以及弗洛姆构想的>健全社会<在政治、经济和文化等方面的变革措施具有一定的空想性和难以践行性。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du, Liyan A1 - Shang, Xinjian T1 - On Fromm’s Escape from Freedom: A Psychological Perspective [弗洛姆论逃避自由:心理学视角] JF - Seeking Truth [求是学刊], No. 1 (2012), pp. 37-41. N2 - Issue of freedom is one of the focuses of western philosophy. In modern time, nearly all philosophical propositions are not separated from the definition and exploration of it. Any question related to man is connected with it. This article explores the characteristics of the theory of freedom of Fromm, expounds how he probes the dynamics of freedom in structure of personality from the psychological perspective. [Author’s translation] N2 - 自由问题是西方哲学最关注的问题之一。自近代以来,几乎所有的哲学命题,都离不开对自由的界定和探讨。任何与人相关的问题,都不可避免地涉及自由问题。文章探讨弗洛姆自由理论的特点,阐明弗洛姆如何从心理学的角 度,探讨人的性格结构中的自由动力,揭示人渴望自由与逃避自由的心理依据。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du, Min T1 - >Freedom< and >Loneliness< – Dual Dimension of Fromm’s Concept of Freedom and Its Limitations [>自由<与>孤独<——论弗洛姆>自由<概念的双重维度及其局限性] JF - Social Scientist [社会科学家], No. 7 (2012), pp. 42-45. N2 - >自由<是弗洛姆社会心理学理论的一个核心概念,借助>自由<概念,弗洛姆完成了社会批判理论与精神分析学说的结合,即马克思与弗洛伊德的结合。弗洛姆赋予>自由<概念的这种<纽带<功能,是该概念涵有社会理论与精神分析学的双重维度,>自由<既是伦理学、政治学中人的本质和权利,又是精神分析学中人的心理>孤独<。在弗洛姆的理论中,>自由<概念的显性是心理学的,但同时又潜含着社会理论的价值蕴意,由于这两个维度的意涵之间缺乏明确的厘定和界说,而使得弗洛姆从>逃避自由<和自我>实现自由<有明显的理想性和局限性。 N2 - With the concept of >freedom<, Fromm completes the combination of social-critical theory and psychoanalysis, that is, the combination of Marx and Freud. The function of >bond< given by Fromm to the concept of >freedom< is that the concept contains the dual dimension of social theory and psychoanalysis, and that >freedom< is both the essence and rights of human beings in ethics and politics, as well as the psychological >solitude< of human beings in psychoanalysis. In Fromm's theory, the concept of >freedom< is explicitly psychological in nature, but at the same time, it also implies the value of social theory. Due to the lack of clear definition and delimitation between the connotation of these two dimensions, it makes Fromm's >escape from freedom< and self-realization of >freedom< have obvious idealism and limitations. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du, Min T1 - Pursuit of Freedom and the Escape from Freedom: Analysis of Fromm's Thought of Freedom [自由的追索及其逃遁——弗洛姆>逃避自由<思想解析] JF - Journal of Xidian University (Social Science Edition) [西安电子科技大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 5 (2012), pp. 99-103. N2 - Freedom is the core of the spirit of modern enlightenment, but as the process of modernization advances, it has given rise to the paradox of people pursuing freedom and escaping from it. Chinese society is also on the path of modernization. While pursuing material freedom, people need to care for and guide their spiritual freedom. Fromm's proposition that integrity of personality, love and creative work are the best recipes for realizing positive human freedom has certain warning and reference significance for today's Chinese society. [Automatic translation] N2 - 自由是现代启蒙精神的核心,但随着现代化的进程的推进却衍生了人追求自由,反而陷入逃避自由的悖论之中。中国社会也在实现现代化的路径中,人们在追求物质自由的时候,更需要对心灵自由给予关怀和引领。弗洛姆提出的完整人格、爱与创造性劳动是实现人的积极自由的良方,对于今天的中国社会具有一定警示和借鉴意义。 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du, Xiaomei T1 - Fromm’s Theory of >Love< for Build a Harmonious Teacher-Infant Relationship [弗洛姆>爱的理论<对构建和谐师幼关系的启示] JF - Journal of Yancheng Teachers College (Humanities & Social Sciences Edition) [盐城师范学院学报(人文社会科学版)], No. 2 (2012), pp. 119-121. N2 - 弗洛姆>爱的理论<对和谐师幼关系的构建有着深刻的借鉴意义。教师应给予幼儿>无条件的母爱<,培育幼儿爱的能力;应给予幼儿>理性的父爱<,培养幼儿的责任与理性。>自爱<、>人格健全>的教师才能给予幼儿>无条件的母爱<和>理性的父爱<。幼儿对教师爱的反馈和互动,也有助于和谐师幼关系的构建。 N2 - Fromm's >theory of love< harmonious teacher-infant relationship building has a profound reference. Teachers should be given to young children >unconditional motherly love< to cultivate the ability to love children; should be given to young children >rational fatherly<, cultivate children's responsibility and rational. >Self-love<, >healthy personality< teachers can give children >unconditional motherly love< and >rational fatherly<. Early childhood teachers love feedback and interaction, but also help to build harmonious teacher-infant relationship. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Durán, Francisco Javier Riuz T1 - Aproximación al pensamiento de Erich Fromm. El humanismo socialista, Granada /Editorial Académica Española) 2012, 92 pp. N2 - Erich Fromm fue un hombre marcado por las desagradables y terribles circunstancias que vivió en su tiempo, posiblemente el más trágico de la historia. Ante ella nuestro autor, lejos de abatirse, concentró todo su esfuerzo intelectual en esclarecer las verdaderas raíces de la existencia humana en todos los campos y desde todas las esferas de su formación. Conformó un sistema para entender la vida desde el hombre individual hasta la humanidad para, primero, comprender, y después, eliminar todas las vías que reconducen al hombre a su destrucción total. En el fondo, su pensamiento es un grito, una denuncia franca contra la sin razón de las contiendas mundiales y el sistema bipolar que amenazaba con un nuevo Holocausto, el nuclear. El sistema para la humanización del hombre vuelve a poner de manifiesto, a modo de saber arcano, el mensaje universal de un humanismo que, para nuestro autor abarca, desde los antiguos profetas a las ideas del joven Marx y las teorías de Freud, pasando por la teología negativa de Maimónides que finalmente completaría el >Meister Eckhart<. Así configura su camino para el hombre, para todos los hombres que quieran unirse en paz, independientemente de sus cree. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eckardt Horney, Marianne T1 - Review Leslie Caldwell and Angela Joyce (Eds.): Reading Winnicott JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 707-710. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eckardt Horney, Marianne T1 - Review Jon Carlson and Michael P. Maniacci (Eds.): Alfred Adler Revisited JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 719-721. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eckardt Horney, Marianne T1 - Review Eric M. Plakun (Ed.): Treatment Resistance and Patient Authority: The Austen Riggs Reader JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 354-356. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eckardt Horney, Marianne T1 - Review Glen O. Gabbard et al. (eds.): Textbook of Psychoanalysis (Second Edition) JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 696-700. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eckardt Horney, Marianne T1 - Review Peter L. Rudnytsky: Rescuing Psychoanalysis from Freud and other Essays in Re-Vision JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 701-704. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Engel, George L. T1 - The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 377-396. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Essig, Todd T1 - Review Ken Eisold: What You Don’t Know You Know: Our Hidden Motives in Life, Business, and Everything Else JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 683-690. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fan, Haixia T1 - On >Escape from Freedom< Thinking [对弗洛姆>逃避自由<的思考] JF - Business [商], No. 2 (2013), p. 228 N2 - 弗洛姆作为一个人本主义者,自然关注人的自由、发展等问题。但他同其他人本主义者不同,他看到现代社会的人们有自由,却又在逃避着自由。他认为,封建社会的人们由于当时的时代背景所限制,一出生便被决定了他的>位置<。这个>位置<,既包括他所在的地理位置,也包括他的社会地位。在以后的生活中,他不会从一个地方迁居到另一个地方,也不会放弃某一个职业而从事另一个新的职业。他同他所处的社会建立了 N2 - Fromm, as a humanist, is naturally concerned with human freedom, development, and other issues. But unlike other humanists, he saw that people in modern society had freedom, but they were escaping from it. In his view, people in feudal society, due to the limitations of the background of the time, had their >position< determined at birth. This >position< included both his geographical location and his social status. Later in life, he does not move from one place to another, nor does he give up one occupation to take up a new one. He establishes a relationship with the society in which he lives. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fang, Qi T1 - A Social Psychological Study of Refugees from Freedom in >The Room< and >The Birthday Party< [《房间》和《生日聚会》中自由逃避者之社会心理学研究], Master thesis, Foreign Language and Literature, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2012 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Harold Pinter (1930-2008), the winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2005, has been the most influential modern British dramatist. With an accurate and affectionate ear for the irrationality of the real-life conversation, he produces plays which stand out in their own enigmatic style-puzzling, dramatic and charged with fascination. From the one-act play The Room to the full-length The Birthday Party, one single pattern predominates: Within a cocoon-like room, the ordinary people pursue their mundane life and are reluctant to go out, always talking in a way which is full of uncooperative responses, awkward silence and pauses, until one mysterious figure enters and eventually leads to the mental breakdown of the characters when their internal fear of freedom is fully projected externally. Based on the study of freedom by the American social psychologist Erich Fromm, this thesis applies social psychoanalysis to identify and understand the characters in The Room and The Birthday Party as freedom escapers. It views personal progress in the social context and aims to conduct a social psychological research on the principles, neurotic symptoms, and mechanisms of the freedom escapers.– The thesis first puts forward the research questions and objectives of the thesis and introduces Harold Pinter, his reception and related criticisms on his plays; and then Chapter One discusses the social psychological principles of the freedom escapers to elucidate freedom as a social psychological problem.– Chapter Two collects qualitative data from the two plays and conducts a social psychoanalysis of neurotic symptoms of the freedom escapers.– Chapter Three categorizes mechanisms adopted by the freedom escapers with detailed analysis from the perspective of social psychology.– Finally, the thesis concludes that it is under the social influence that the characters who are in the fear of isolation and powerlessness become freedom escapers but never find a way out. As an interdisciplinary study in nature, the task of conducting a social psychoanalytic literary research is thus completed. N2 - 哈罗德•品特(1930—2008),2005年诺贝尔文学奖得主,是当今最具影响力的现代英国剧作家。他对现实生活对话中的非理性因素有着准确而细腻的洞察,使其作品呈现出谜一般的姿态:令人疑惑,引人注目,又动人心魄。从独幕剧《房间》到多幕剧《生日聚会》,总是有一种模式贯穿始终:在一个蚕茧般的房间里,普通人过着平凡的生活,不愿意走出自己的房门。在他们的日常对话中,能观察到大量不合作的回应,尴尬的沉默和停顿。当一个神秘人物出现后,房间内安静平凡的格局被打破,导致人物内心对自由的恐惧被投射到外在后,精神世界最终走向崩溃。本文基于美国社会心理学家艾瑞克•弗洛姆关于自由的理论,对品特的剧作《房间》和《生日聚会》中的人物进行社会心理学分析。本文将人物的精神发展与社会背景相联系,对关于剧作中自由逃避者的原则,神经质症状,以及逃避机制从社会心理学方向进行研究。本文在绪论中首先介绍研究问题和目标、剧作家哈罗德•品特、相关文献综述、论文研究方法等。第一章讨论了自由逃避者所遵循的社会心理学原则,并解释了自由为社会心理学命题的合理性。第二章从文本中收集质性数据,闸释了剧中自由逃避者之神经质症状,并用社会心理学方法对其进行精神分析。第三章对剧作中人物的自由逃避机制进行了系统化分类,并提供了相应的社会心理学阐释。最终,本文得出结论,在以现代社会为背景的品特剧作中,人物难以抗拒自由带来的无力感和隔离感,用尽各种方式逃避自由,却终究难以找到一个出路。至此,在跨学科视野下,本文完成了社会心理学分析和文学研究 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fang, Xingfu T1 - The Alienation of the Soul – Fromm on Modern Self Analysis and Its Literary Characterization [灵魂的异化——弗洛姆对现代人自我的剖析及其文学表征] ][Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Jianghan Tribune [江汉论坛 ], No. 3 (2012), pp. 119-124. N2 - 弗洛姆认为,现代资本主义社会中人的自我已经迷失:他们贪婪的欲望达到极致,但自然的本性、情感和人格却被压抑和扭曲。弗洛姆对现代社会和人的问题的剖析是马克思主义批判理论的继承和发展,这一理论在文学作品中可以见到大量表征,文学研究亦可借助于这一理论,实现二者的双向互动。 N2 - Fromm believes that modern capitalist society, the human self has been lost: their greedy desire to achieve the ultimate, but the nature of nature, emotion and personality but was repressed and distorted. Fromm the inheritance and development of Marxist critical theory, this theory can see a lot of characterization in literature, literary studies also by means of this theory, both two-way analysis of the problems of modern society and people interaction. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feng, Zhaoxiang T1 - Study on Humanist Alienation Theory of Fromm [弗洛姆人性异化思想研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China 2012. N2 - 埃利希•弗洛姆(Erich Fromm,1900-1980),出生在徳国后来移居到美国,是著名的哲学家、精神分析学家、社会学家,他是西方马克思主义者和法兰克福学派人物。弗洛姆综合了弗洛伊德心理学和马克思主义的社会学,在历史观的理论方法和思想观点的基础上,提出了异化思想。它把弗洛伊德的精神分析学中的个体心理学转变为社会心理学,继承了马克思异化理论思想的社会批判但它注重的是心理的异化理论批判,没有对资本主义这个根源制度进行彻底变革。他的异化理论不具有马克思社会革命理论的彻底性。但弗洛姆的异化理论从心理学这个角度提出却对马克思异化理论研究起到了补充与丰富作用。弗洛姆认为,20世纪现代工业社会的机器大工业的异化与马克思手工业时代的异化有了重大分别。马克思所处的历史时代社会主要矛盾是手工业制造,主要异化现象是劳动对象化,即,劳动产品对象化,也就是说:劳动成果被资本家占有。而20世纪现代工业社会主要矛盾是机械大工业的发展,人没有了创造性,人变成了客体,成了机器的附属品,这时人们心理在各个领域上如生产、生活及人的精神方面出现了异化现象,因此弗洛姆这个时代主要异化现象是心理异化。由此可以看出弗洛姆对人性异化理论研究是对当代西方资本主义后期现状的深切关注,尤其关注西方社会文化生活中的各种现实问题、矛盾危机,并从人类生存的角度出发对资本主义社会进行了批判。提出通过心理净化、爱的教育来建立一种心理健全、没有冲突互敬互爱的人道主义社会。这些对于我们重新去认识人和资本主义社会和我国建设社会主义和谐社会具有一定的现实意义。通过认真梳理弗洛姆的异化思想,本文从心理学和社会学角度提出了弗洛姆的异化理论核心是人性异化,为此,本文将以弗洛姆各个时期的异化理论著作代表作为研究对象,并按照分析现象--解读根源—解析扬弃的步骤,对弗洛姆的人性异化思想进行全面分析解读。即,首先从人性异化的现实领域和人的病态症候来分析弗洛姆的人性异化现象,进而解读弗洛姆的人性异化根源,解析弗洛姆的人性异化扬弃,最后对弗洛姆人性异化思想的贡献与局限性做出评价,并对本文的研究做出展望,提出本论文的理论意义和现实意义。 N2 - Erich Fromm (1900 – 1980), who emigrated from Germany to the United States, was a famous psycholo-gist, philosopher, sociologist, Marxist and a representative figure of Frankfurt school. Based on the view of historical theory and concept, Fromm put forward idea of alienation by compounding Freud's psychology and Marx's sociology. He inherited Marx alienation theory of social criticism, and changed Freud's individual psychology into social psychology. But he insisted on criticism of psychological alienation theory, and ignored the root causes of capitalism. So his alienation theory lack of thoroughness of Marxist social revolution theory. However, Fromm's alienation theory plays a supplementary role in Marxist alienation theory from the angle of psychology. In Fromm's view, the alienation of modern industrial society is totally different from the alienation of hand industrial era in twentieth century. - The principal contradiction of Marx's historical society is the handicraft manufacture; the phenomenon of alienation is mainly object of labor, that is, the object of labor product, in other words, the fruits of labor were owned by the capitalists. But in twentieth century, the principal contradiction of modern industrial society is the machinery industry development; people without creativity turned into object and machine accessories. Then psychology in various fields such as production, life and spirit began to emergence alienation phenomenon. So, Fromm thinks that the alienation of era actually is the alienation of people's psychology. Hence, we can see that Fromm's theory of human nature alienation is the deep concern of contemporary capitalism period, especially various practical problems and contradiction crisis in western social and cultural life. Fromm criticized the capitalism society from the angle of human existence. He put through the idea of establishing a sound humanitarian society by means of mental purification and love of education. It has a certain practical significance for us to get to know people and the capitalist society, and speeds up the construction of our socialist harmonious society. - Through the study of Fromm's theory of alienation, the paper points out the core of Fromm's alienation theory is alienation of human nature. Therefore, according to the steps of phenomenon analysis - the interpretation of roots – develop the useful and discard the useless, it chooses Fromm's alienation theory works in each period as research object, and conducts a comprehensive analysis and interpretation to Fromm's alienation theory. From the aspects of reality of human nature alienation and people's morbid symptoms, it analyzes Fromm's alienation phenomenon; and then it interprets the root causes and sublation of Fromm's human nature alienation theory; finally, it makes an evaluation to Fromm's alienation theory in contribution and limitation, and raises a research prospect by putting forward the theoretical and practical significance. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fiała, Edward T1 - Amor idolatricus w >Pornografii< i >Kosmosie< Gombrowicza. Perspektywa frommowska Amor [Idolatricus in >Pornography< and >Cosmos< by Gombrowicz. A Frommian Perspective] JF - Edward Fiała et al. (Eds.): Psychoanalityczne interpretacje literatury: Freud, Jung, Fromm, Lacan, Lublin (Wydawnictwo KUL) Poland 2012, Polish. Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fierman, Louis B. T1 - Review The Boston Change Process Study Group: Change in Psychotherapy – A Unifying Paradigm JF - Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Vol. 40 (2012), pp. 345-347. Y1 - 2012 ER -