TY - JOUR A1 - Sherman, Eric T1 - Terror and Guilt: Beyond Them and Us JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 649-666. N2 - Despite the recent interest in erotic countertransference and self-disclosure, little has been written about these phenomena when both analyst and patient are the same gender. Since homoerotic feelings can surface in any treatment, regardless of the participants' sexual orientation, this may well be a phobic avoidance that restricts many treatments, as well as our profession. I propose that the analyst's awareness of homoerotic feelings in the countertransference – including struggling with ways to express them – ultimately can create an atmosphere of safety. I offer an extended case example of one man with whom I colluded to ignore frightening aspects of his sexual fantasies. It was only by using my erotic countertransference, especially at a charged and pivotal moment, that I was able to help the patient begin to integrate split-off aspects of his sexuality. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krockow, V. T1 - Terror, nicht nur in New York JF - M. Zimmer (Ed.), Der 11. September und die Folgen. Beiträge zum Diskurs nach den Terroranschlägen und zur Entwicklung einer Kultur des Friedens, Tübingen (Selbstverlag) 2002, pp. 10-16. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ortmeyer, Dale A. T1 - Terrorism and Destruction: Newcomers In Our Midst?, JF - Psychologist-Psychoanalyst (Publication of Division 39, American Psychological Association) Spring 2002 Vol. XXII, No. 2. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cassimatis, Emmanuel G. T1 - Terrorism, Our World and Our Way of Life JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 30 (2002), pp. 531-544. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheerer, S. T1 - Terroristen sind immer die anderen JF - M. Zimmer (Ed.), Der 11. September und die Folgen. Beiträge zum Diskurs nach den Terroranschlägen und zur Entwicklung einer Kultur des Friedens, Tübingen (Selbstverlag) 2002, pp. 227-243. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Zajur, Eduardo T1 - That Other Existence. Psychoanalytic Studies and Case Histories of Dreams and the Unconscious, Baltimore (American Literary Press) 2002, 176 p. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Elise, Dianne T1 - The >death of Freud< and the rebirth of free psychoanalytic inquiry JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 667-673. N2 - Sherman underscores the tenacity of phobic avoidance of homoeroticism, especially between men. Homophobia and anxieties related to gender identity are prevalent. I agree with Sherman that the feeling of being psychically penetrated can represent a particular threat to men. Sherman's use of the image of opening Pandora's box reveals a fear of a vulnerable, >vaginal< opening in men. In defense, rigidly >professional< relationships may prevail. This clinical scenario often repeats an early developmental dynamic with the father erotic desire between males has a deep genetic history of dissociation and denial. Psychoanalytic theorists have had difficulty approaching this topic of passions for the same sex. Thinking further about elements that might entrench this dread and avoidance, I focus on the image of >being bad on the side,< with its potential meaning with regard to the primal scene. Homoeroticism might unconsciously register as a form of >cheating< on the heterosexual, reproductive couple – not sanctioned, tabooed, >cursed,< and thus particularly tantalizing and frightening. Analytic understanding of male development allows for the recognition of an especially strong sense of both attraction and danger for the male pairing – a >Laius curse.< Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frommer, Martin Stephen T1 - The >We< in You and Me: Reply to Commentary JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 675-686. N2 - In this commentary I examine homoerotic countertransference within the context of the analyst's erotic countertransference experience. Discussing male analysts' difficulties receiving and experiencing homoerotic feelings as a function of their dominant erotic desires (along gender lines), I propose both cognitive and affective explanations to illuminate their defenses. I suggest that Sherman's erotic countertransference is best understood when viewed as a product of both induced feelings emanating from his patient's dissociated sexual abuse and also his anxiety and shame in response to particular relational configurations with his patient that arouse him. Finally, I point to the site of the transgressive as integral to the construction of erotic desire and suggest shifts that need to occur in the erotic subjectivity of this dyad so that the treatment can move forward. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sherman, Eric T1 - The Ailing Analyst and the Dying Patient: A Relational Perspective JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 687-691. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stern, Steven T1 - The American Impact on Psychoanalysis JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 693-714. N2 - This paper addresses the postmodern critique of unified-self theories that argues that the self is not unified but multiple, not a static entity but in constant flux, not a separate center of initiative but intersubjectively constituted. The author proposes that there are two kinds of division in self-experience: the dissociative divisions of multiple-self theory, and a division, akin to the divisions between Freud's structural agencies, between what are here termed the >intersubjective self< and >primary subjective experience.< In contrast to dissociated self-states, which occur in different moments in time, these two dimensions of self-experience occur simultaneously indeed, what is most important about them is their relationship. The author suggests that it is this intrapsychic relationship, as it occurs in a given psychological moment, that determines the qualities of self-experience that are emphasized in unified-self theories: such qualities as cohesiveness versus fragmentation authenticity vs. falseness vitality versus depletion optimal versus nonoptimal self-regulation and agency versus feeling one is at the mercy of others. Furthermore, a major organizer of the intersubjective self is early identifications, especially >identifications with the other's response to the self.< The implications of these concepts for therapeutic action are discussed and illustrated with an extended account of an analytic case. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pizer, Stuart A. T1 - The American Independent Tradition: Loewald, Erikson, and the (Possible) Rise of Intersubjective Ego Psychology JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 715-725. N2 - In this discussion of Stern's rich and thoughtful contribution to the dialogue between unified- and multiple-self theories, I refer to his earlier conceptualization of repeated and needed relationships. I thus highlight how his current model strikes me as shifting his emphasis toward identificatory factors, both in development and in clinical process, and away from the working through, or negotiation of, repetitions of relational configurations. Through Stern's clinical examples, I engage dialogue about how his construct of an >intersubjective self< relates to the qualities of multiplicity he accounts for in his theory. And I consider the implications for clinical technique of favoring identificatory influences over the analyst's living through the experience of transference repetitions with the patient and thereby introducing ameliorating responses from within, rather than from a stance more external to, embeddedness in transference–countertransference repetitions. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brandchaft, Bernard T1 - The Analyst's Bad-Enough Participation JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 727-745. N2 - The passing of the dominance of the doctrine of intrapsychic determinism has created a vacuum, leaving behind it a >crisis< in American psychoanalysis. A confusing array of relational concepts and models are emerging in attempts to fill the gap. It is my conviction that, in order to help determine what is transient and what may have enduring value, such attempts should be subject to the same scrupulous deconstructivist efforts as were formerly directed at the classical psychoanalytic model. With this in mind, some hidden assumptions that underlie the model offered in Steven Stern's paper are the focus of examination in my discussion. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stern, Steven T1 - The Analyst's Muse Commentary on Paper by Barbara Pizer JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 747-762. N2 - The discussions by Pizer and Brandchaft are so different in tone and focus that I answer them separately. Pizer invites dialogue about the relationship between identification and dissociation, which I pursue further with him. I then briefly consider his therapeutic model, which emphasizes the negotiation of paradox, in the light of the identificatory divisions in self-experience that my model highlights. Finally, I address his concern that I bypassed the >crunch< of the repeated relationship in the case example of Jonathan. I argue that the stance I ultimately adopted was my way of bridging the paradoxes presented by Jonathan. Brandchaft couched his discussion as a dismissive attack, prompting me to defend myself while trying to engage in a dialogue about substantive issues. I respond to his criticisms regarding my epistemological position, my use of the concepts of identification and projective identification, and the process and outcome of my treatment of Jonathan. The bottom line is that the differences between our perspectives are not, as Brandchaft contends, those between an objectivist, causally >unidirectional< model and an intersubjective one, but rather those between two versions of intersubjectivity. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tricoli, M. L. A1 - Minolli, M. T1 - The Analyst's Participation in the Process JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Oslo (Scandinavian University Press) Vol. 11 (No. . 4, December 2002), pp. 279-285. N2 - Using a clinical vignette, in which self-disclosure appears as a starting point, the authors investigate the connection between method and techniques. As the recent literature on the subject generally maintains, the classical analysts' neutral position can no longer be accepted. Analysts are always fully engaged in the intersubjective relationship and pass their values on to their patients through their professional roles – which can be understood as self-disclosure in a wider meaning. However, self-disclosure, and in more general terms the analyst's participation in the process, need technical criteria of reference. By deepening the relationship between method and techniques, established by Rapaport, the authors maintain that method is determined by theory and in turn gives meaning to techniques. As a consequence, techniques play a minor role with regard to theory and method. The opening of psychoanalysis to the relational perspective is bringing about the decrease of technique as an absolute value in favour of a greater self-awareness of the analyst who, following the method related to his/her theory will be able to better cope with techniques. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ghent, Emmanuel T1 - The analyst's professional self as a >third< influence on the dyad when the analyst writes about the treatment JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 763-808. N2 - Almost all psychoanalytic theorizing posits some basic and presumably built-in motivational thrusts. The goal of this paper is to present an alternative way of thinking about the beginnings of motivation. I go into some detail about recent contributions from two areas of research: dynamic systems theory as applied by Esther Thelen to infantile motor development and Gerald Edelman's (1992) theory of >Neural Darwinism.< What emerges are two interlocking hypotheses: The first is that what we infer as drives or other versions of >basic< motivations are already a late development of motivational organizations that started out from a collection of rather primitive biases. The second hypothesis, based on dynamic systems thinking or complexity theory, is that a great many developmental features that appear to be driven by a built-in genetic program or design, are, in fact, the spontaneously emergent, and therefore the never completely predictable, resultant of the interplay of embedded, embodied, and environmental elements. It is also hypothesized that, just as motivational systems lead to the emergence of new capacities and functions, so too do new capacities beget new motivational derivatives in an ever-more complex developmental spiral. Early experience plays an enormously important and highly individual role in the creation of conative patterns that eventually crystalize into what we, as observers and theoreticians, begin to categorize into systems of motivation. Depending on the observer and his or her frame of reference, certain motivational systems are held to be superordinate to others these then are held up as basic motives. As psychoanalysts we currently find ourselves in a situation of competing organizational systems vying for prominence. The multiplicity of such systems speaks to our uncertainty and the need for further study to clarify the many questions that this line of thinking evokes. The second section of this paper explores the relations among need, wish, impulse, and defense as varieties of motivational systems that have already crystalized out of the early beginnings of motivation. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bass, Graham T1 - The Analyst's Secret Delinquencies JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 809-826. N2 - There has been much consideration in recent years of the nature of gender as socially constructed. During the same time there has also been much consideration of the nature of consciousness and of self-experience, and a calling into question of the experience of a unitary self versus multiple self-states. This paper offers case material of a patient who presents with traumatically induced multiple self-states. The author considers the way in which the gender of different self-states reflects both cultural and personal experience the way in which the patient's and the therapist's respective and mutual experience of their genders are intersubjectively experienced and the impact of an inadvertent touch in the course of treatment, in the light of both multiplicity and gender. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harris, Adrienne T1 - The analyst's subjectivity – how it can illuminate the Analysand's experience. Commentary on Susan H. Sands's paper JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 827-835. N2 - In this commentary I address the functions of gender and of bodily state as a way of managing memory, affect, and interactions. I consider the status of alters as narrative or as historical truths. Graham Bass's case illuminates problems and potentials of touch and the inevitability of intersubjectively constructed enactments. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pizer, Barbara T1 - The Analyst's Unconscious Contribution to the Impassse Commentary on Paper by Stuart A. Pizer JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 837-846. N2 - In my discussion of Graham Bass's paper, my comments fall under three main categories: an aspect of Bass's theoretical/technical view that informs his conscious clinical choices, his incredible work with Robert as presented in the written case, and, finally, theory in practice as exemplified in his phrase, >inadvertent touch.< I mean for my perspective and the purely personal associations that are stimulated by this case to evoke further discussion and, in general, open some sort of useful dialogue. I believe that anybody who sits with severely dissociated patients would agree that, side-by-side with the necessary terror creeping around in the room, we often experience a confusing, sometimes even silly, >higgledy-piggledy< that seems pathognomonic to the work entailed. This weird experience seems, almost, to set our sense of continuity and logic on its edge. When reading Bass's paper, we must, to maintain our equilibrium, begin by taking for granted some of the contradictory, nonlinear aspects of his reporting, which is, after all, an accurate reflection of what happens in this work. At the level of theory in practice, I consider the implications for symbolic realization in the clinical process when touch need not be relegated to the category of the >inadvertent.< Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bass, Graham T1 - The anxiety in ambiguity. Reply to Brenneis, Crews, and Stern JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 847-856. N2 - In. Replying to the commentaries by Adrienne Harris and Barbara Pizer, I further elaborate some of the ideas set forth in >Something Is Happening Here.< In particular, some considerations are offered with regard to work with trauma survivors from a body-centered energy therapy perspective. I also further consider some of the complexities of touch in a psychoanalytic treatment and the nature of >inadvertency.< Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Westen, Drew T1 - The authority of logic and the logic of authority: The import of the grünbaum debate for psychoanalytically informed psychotherapy JF - Psychoanalytic Dialogues Vol. 12 (2002), pp. 857-898. N2 - Much contemporary analytic writing is focused on the intersubjective >space< between analyst and analysand. This article focuses on a different area of analytic subjectivity and intersubjectivity – on the implicit rules that guide psychoanalytic thought and discourse, which have not received the kind of critical scrutiny as our explicit theories. The paper describes five problematic aspects of this implicit grammar and corresponding ways of refining it: articulating conceptual multiplicity where we often use unitary constructs (such as the unconscious or the therapeutic action of psychoanalysis) specifying mechanisms rather than causally ambiguous descriptions (such as two unconsciouses talking to one another) and conditional rather than blanket statements avoiding using terms in overdetermined ways that lead to theoretical imprecision and confusion of theory and metaphor exercising greater caution in the use of developmental constructs and analogies, particularly from infancy and rethinking the nature and presentation of evidence in psychoanalytic discourse. Y1 - 2002 ER -