TY - JOUR A1 - Yi, Hyun Oak A1 - Kim, Man Eui T1 - 인간의 공격성과 스포츠 [Sport and Human Aggression] JF - 학술지명 [The Korean Journal of Physical Education], Vol. 41, No. 4 (2002), pp. 43-52. [Online ISSN 2508-7029] N2 - This study is to suggest the aggression, human`s instinct as the new essence of sport. Through the psychological approach it could be found that the aggression which is human instinct is deeply related with the origin of sport. In relation to the instinct of death Freud has proved that there exists the aggression in human mentality and it could be said that the aggression of sport is related with Thanatos, the instinct of death that Freud said. Fromm, a sociopsychologist expanded the concept of Freud`s aggression and divided the aggression in human mentality as the defensive and positive aggression and destructive and malignant aggression and he saw that sport is related with the malignant aggression. I think we have to discard the attitude just to try to adapt the methodical value of sport although the value of sport exists with human instinct. Sport is the only thing to express and purify the aggression and it is expected to play the important role to create the future culture. Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yao, Ruonan T1 - Fromm’s Inheritance and Development of Marx’s Freedom Thought, Master thesis, Philosophy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China 2022. N2 - From ancient times to the present, the issue of freedom has always been a hot issue of people’s attention. People’s yearning and pursuit of freedom is an inexhaustible driving force for the progress of human society. In the twentieth century, people found that the development of industry and technology did not bring true freedom and happiness, but made people’s hearts more lonely and spiritually empty, and gradually fell into the contradiction of pursuing freedom and escaping from freedom. Fromm saw the suffering of people. He approached from a microscopic psychological point of view, inheriting and further developing Marx’s free thought on the basis of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. First, Fromm’s inheritance of Marx’s idea of freedom includes: First, both men have taken the actual individual as the subject of freedom, and have set achievable goals of freedom. Second, both men applied the method of integrating theory with practice and unifying history and logic to study the question of freedom. Third, Fromm’s free thought embodies a strong critical and humanitarian spirit, which is consistent with the inner spirit of Marx’s free thought. Secondly, Fromm’s development of Marx’s free ideas includes: First, Marx tried to achieve the free liberation of man through social revolution, while Fromm wanted to achieve the free development of man through psychological revolution. Second, Marx’s theory of labor alienation strongly criticized capitalist society; Fromm put forward a new theory of alienation, which examined the unfree phenomena of capitalist society from a psychological point of view, and usefully supplemented Marx’s free thought. Third, Marx put forward a beautiful vision of the future society, advocating the establishment of a communist society to achieve the free and all-round development of people; Fromm envisioned the establishment of a sound society through political, economic and cultural reforms, which is a supplement to the future free development model of mankind. Fourth, Fromm’s focus on the analysis of human freedom from a personal, microscopic and psychological perspective is an innovation in the perspective of the study of freedom issues. Finally, reflection and evaluation: First, it is pointed out that the defects of Fromm’s inheritance and development of Marx’s free thought, the exaggerated role of psychological factors, the lack of a thorough path to solve the problem, and the unrealistic method of seeking positive freedom. Second, analyze the contemporary values and practical enlightenment of Fromm’s inheritance and development of Marx’s free thought. It provides a new direction for people to pursue freedom and a new perspective for the analysis and solution of social problems; it is necessary to attach importance to the issue of human freedom and development, attach importance to the coordination of the relationship between science and technology and humanities, and pay attention to strengthening the construction of social spiritual civilization. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Zhaoxin T1 - On the Theory of Needs by William Leiss, Master thesis, Philosophy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2022. N2 - In the process of the continuous development of capitalism, the ecological crisis and a series of environmental problems have been caused by the incorrect understanding of the relationship between man and nature. In this context, William Leiss, who has long been concerned about ecological issues, criticized the capitalist society on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxism’s theory of need and Herbert Marcuse’s theory of >True or false need<, with a new perspective to explain the needs of the capitalist system of human needs, the formation of their own ideological characteristics of the needs of the theory. Specifically, William Leiss is mainly concerned with the complexity of human desires, which is an important reason for the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the need to be oriented toward the commodity world, which is the root cause of the formation of the capitalist high consumption society, and the thought of human conquering nature is the important foundation of the formation of the capitalist high-consumption society. On this basis, Leiss pays attention to the quality of commodities, pays attention to the multi-dimension and relevance of human needs, and understands the close relationship between human needs and natural environment, familiar with the estimated characteristics of commodities in four aspects of the future human needs to express and meet the concept, and the future human needs to express and meet the way to explore, namely the following four aspects, advocating a general orientation of human needs towards a non-single field of goods, and an open minded self-interest to replace anthropocentrism ideology in an easily viable society, it is suggested that natural entities have the same legal rights as human beings. William Leiss’s theory of needs, while providing a new perspective on the mode of production of capitalism, enriches ecological Marxism and provides a useful reference for the establishment of a correct concept of consumption, but there is also a certain degree of misunderstanding of Marxism’s concept of goods, the lack of a certain global vision, its proposed solution is utopian. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Yiqiong T1 - On the Female Images in >Them< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Theory, Master thesis, World Literature, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Joyce Carol Oates (1938 –), one of the most prominent and influential writers in contemporary American literature, is distinguished for her prolificacy in a variety of styles and genres. Oates’s works are unique in exposing the violence and evil in American society. Her works give readers a whole picture of American society, which vividly and graphically reflects the real life from all social backgrounds and presents the reality that lies beneath the surface of American prosperous society. >Them<, published in 1969, is one of Oates’s most important and representative works. The story, spanning almost three decades, presented the real life of the three Wendalls and a panoramic view of American society, which mirrored the living conditions and miserable fate of the lower class. Under the theoretical guidance of Fromm’s theory of social character, the thesis adopts the research method of close reading and makes a profound discussion on the female images in >Them< based on the impact of social reality and family interpersonal relationship on people’s psychology.– The thesis selects three typical female characters in >Them< – Loretta, her daughter Maureen and Nadine as representatives, and analyzes the formation and the expression of their personalities, so as to reveal how female images are distorted in the patriarchal society. Oates portrays the misfortunes and sufferings of women’s lives in the novel. These women, who explore the way of living, are brave enough to resist and break through the shackles of fate. However, they finally lose their self-consciousness under the trouble of social environment and the imbalance of family interpersonal relationship. The three female characters in Oates’s >Them< seek freedom through marriage and money. While they have female consciousness and rebellious spirit, they are always surrounded by violence and male discourse. Therefore, no matter what efforts they make, none of them can get rid of the shackles of patriarchal society. They are doomed to failure. Through the portrayal of women’s living conditions, it arouses readers’ attention and sympathy to women, which reflects Oates’s deep thinking of contemporary women’s issues and the fate of humanity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yang T1 - Freud: In Search of Human Nature [弗洛伊德:探寻人性] JF - Comprehensive Reading for Students, No. 12 (2007), pp. 56-57. N2 - 心理学家弗洛姆曾经说:>先知 … 他是一位揭示那已被预先决定了的未来的预言者吗?他是一个坏消息而不是好消息或愉快消息的传播者吗?<在他的心里,他的老师、精神分析的鼻祖弗洛伊德就是这样一位先知。 N2 - The theoretician Fromm once said, >Is the prophet ... a prophet who reveals the future that has been predetermined? Is he a purveyor of bad news rather than good or pleasant news?< In his mind, his teacher, Freud, the originator of psychoanalysis, was such a prophet. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Shanqi A1 - Yang, Xiaorui T1 - Consumption Alienation in the Digital Economy Era: Roots, Manifestations and Return to Autonomy [数字经济时代的消费异化:根源、表现与回归] JF - Unity, No. 6 (2022), pp. 33-35. N2 - 面对百年未有之大变局,>加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局<,消费已成为打通国内大循环生产、分配、流通、消费各个环节的重要突破口,作为劳动力再生产的必要手段,消费结构和质量更是关系到人民对美好生活的追求。数字经济时代人民消费的方式、内容和结构都发生了深刻的变革,消费主义文化在虚拟和现实世界交互中被放大,导致背离人本身需要的数字消费异化现象越来越成为一个不容忽视的社会问题。一、消费异化的根源消费异化理论可追溯到法兰克福学派埃里希·弗洛姆和赫伯特·马尔库塞的>消费领域的异化>和>虚假的需要<等概念。弗洛姆提到:因为消费成了目的本身因为消费不再是为了使用或享受买来的消费物品,所以购买和消费的行为成了强迫性的和非理性的目的。>同样,马尔库塞认为消费异化使人按照<虚假的需求>而消费,<>虚假的需求<是指那些在个人的压抑中由特殊的社 … N2 - In the face of the unprecedented changes in a century, >accelerate the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic circulation as the main body and the domestic and international circulation promoting each other<, consumption has become an important breakthrough to open the various links of production, distribution, circulation and consumption of the domestic circulation, as a necessary means of labor reproduction, the structure and quality of consumption is more related to People's pursuit of a better life. The way, content and structure of people's consumption in the digital economy have undergone profound changes, and the culture of consumerism has been amplified in the interaction between the virtual and real worlds, resulting in the alienation of digital consumption that deviates from people's own needs, which is becoming a social problem that cannot be ignored. The theory of consumer alienation can be traced back to the concepts of >alienation in the field of consumption< and >false needs< by Erich Fromm and Herbert Marcuse of the Frankfurt School. Fromm mentioned that >because consumption becomes an end in itself because it is no longer for the use or enjoyment of the bought consumer goods, the act of buying and consuming becomes a compulsive and irrational end.< Similarly, Marcuse argues that consumer alienation makes people consume according to >false needs<, >false needs< are those that are repressed by the individual in a special social … [Translation: www.deepL/Translator, free version, 5/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - The New World of Values in Michael Ende's >Die unendliche Geschichte< [米切尔·恩德小说《永远讲不完的故事》中的新价值世界T], Master thesis, World Literature, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2022 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 《永远讲不完的故事》是德国作家米切尔·恩德最具代表性的青少年奇幻文学作品之一。作者借以小主人公巴斯蒂安在现实世界的遭遇深刻阐释现代人的普遍精神现状:孤独和内心荒芜,并致力于通过主人公在幻想王国的冒险重建一个新的价值世界来改变现状。为寻找这个新的价值世界,本文首先借用社会心理学家弗洛姆的“>社会性格<理论对文章提及的旧世界以及不同社会模式下的价值进行挖掘,再对生活在这些价值模式下的人进行主体间性分析。通过分析导致巴斯蒂安孤独以及内心荒芜的是一个理性当道的世界,而帮助他从幻想王国重回现实世界的则是>爱<。在这个以爱为名的世界里,爱不仅帮助巴斯蒂安突破孤独的壁垒,而且用其所独有的创造性丰富个体内心世界。除此之外,爱还帮助巴斯蒂安以全新的观点发现世界,重寻自我。因此,>爱<作为新的价值当之无愧,必能引导人类精神重新归家,还给人其人性尊严。 N2 - >Die unendliche Geschichte< [>The Neverending Story<] is one of the most representative works of young people's fantasy literature by German author Michael Ende. The author uses the encounter of the young protagonist Bastian in the real world to profoundly explain the common spiritual status of modern people: loneliness and inner desolation, and devotes himself to rebuilding a new value world through the adventures of the protagonist in the fantasy kingdom to change the status quo. In order to find this new world of values, this paper first uses social psychologist Fromm's >social character< theory to explore the old world and the values under different social models mentioned in the article, and then analyzes the inter-subjectivity of people living under these value models. Through this analysis, Bastian's loneliness and inner desolation are caused by a world where reason prevails, while >love< helps him to return from the fantasy kingdom to the real world. In this world of love, love not only helps Bastian to break through the barrier of loneliness, but also enriches his inner world with its unique creativity. In addition, love helps Bastian to discover the world with a new perspective and to rediscover himself. Therefore, >love< is a new value that will lead the human spirit back to its home and restore its human dignity. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2023] Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Qian T1 - A Study of Marx's Influence on Fromm's Social Character Theory [马克思对弗洛姆社会性格理论的影响研究], Master thesis, Psychology, Marxist Philosophy, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2021. N2 - The theory of social character is a creative theory that Fromm combines Marx’s social thought and consciousness view on the basis of Freud’s theory of character. Fromm regards Marx as a person of world historical significance. Although Freud sees personal psychological factors, he neglects the influence of social environment on human personality, which limits his vision. Marx thinks far more deeply and more than Freud. He examines human behavior from the social and economic structure, but the irrational factors were ignored, so Fromm tried to >melt the two into one furnace<. Meanwhile, the misreading and Misreading of Marx thought by >pseudo Marxism< made Fromm spend a lot of energy on studying and thinking about Marxism, not only criticizing it, but also expounding his understanding of Marxism. The author proposes the theory of social character to make up for the deficiency of Marx in the micro psychological level and the concrete transformation mechanism between economic foundation and superstructure. The concept of >social character< clearly reflects the traces of Marxist thought. Under the influence of Marx’s thought, Fromm examined the character in the relationship between man and the world, insisted that >the main thing of human is social existence<, and modified Freud with Marx ’social tendency, and explained the decisive effect of social economic structure on social character from the root and change of social character.– At the same time, we also noticed the role of >bond< and >explosive mortar< of social character, so as to explain the relative independence of social character. Not only that, Fromm also explored the foundation and premise of social character, namely, social unconsciousness. He put unconsciousness in the concrete world of reality for understanding, insisted that >consciousness is the product of society< and modified Freud’s >libido< with Marx’s >historical power<. He not only expounded the decisive role of social existence on social unconsciousness, but also saw the negative effect of social unconsciousness on social existence, and tried to make people realize the repression of facts, and seek the way of social change to break this repression.– Fromm’s theory of social character is influenced by Marx’s thought. Although he always bases on the people in the real society and examines the human character in social history, he still regards Marx thought as spiritual existentialism in essence, and the theoretical focus is on the role of social character on human behavior and thinking, and does not really understand Marxism, not only does the understanding of human nature stay in the abstract theory of human nature, but also does not touch the fundamental contradiction of capitalist society, and it is not realistic with a strong utopian color. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Mingyue A1 - Wang, Zhiyin T1 - Briony's Self-redemption Process in >Atonement< Based on Social Personality Theory [社会性格理论下《赎罪》中布里奥妮的自我救赎过程] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Peony [牡丹], No. 20 (2023), pp. 95-98. N2 - 赎罪》是麦克尤恩的一部著名的长篇小说,小说中悲剧形成的背后显然存在着更复杂的因素。本文以弗洛姆的社会性格理论为理论依据,从社会经济因素、父母意识两个方面出发,对书中推动布里奥妮作出错误指认的因素进行分析,并借此研究深埋在悲剧之后的一系列阶级问题和腐朽思想,发现严苛的阶级观念和畸形的母爱是造成布里奥妮畸形性格的元凶,而成年之后的布里奥妮又通过道德意识的觉醒,实现自我救赎。 N2 - >Atonement< is a famous novel by McEwan. There are obviously more complex factors behind the formation of the tragedy in the novel. This article uses Fromm's social personality theory as a theoretical basis, starting from two aspects: socioeconomic factors and parental awareness, to analyze the factors that promote Briony's wrong identification in the book, and to study the hidden consequences behind the tragedy. A series of class issues and decadent ideas revealed that strict class concepts and abnormal maternal love were the culprits of Briony's deformed character. After adulthood, Briony realized self-salvation through the awakening of moral consciousness. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Liyin T1 - The Marxist Viewpoint of the Frankfurt School [法兰克福学派的马克思主义观] JF - Marxist Philosophical Research [马克思主义哲学研究], No. 00 (2011), pp. 224-235. N2 - 在马克思主义批判理论的宏旨下,法兰克福学派从多种视角出发继承和发展了马克思主义。霍克海默将其理论阐明为一种>批判理论<;阿多诺提出了以连续否定为核心的否定辨证法;马尔库塞先后将海德格尔、黑格尔、弗洛伊德与马克思的思想结合起来,对当代资本主义社会以及苏联马克思主义进行了有力的批判;弗洛姆将马克思主义视为一种人学,将其与精神分析学结合起来提出了>社会性格<等新范畴,并力图以此揭示经济基础和上层建筑相互作用的微观机制;哈贝马斯在批判吸收历史唯物主义的基础上,运用其交往理论的解释框架提出了以主体间的互动为社会发展基本动力的理论。 N2 - Under the grand purpose of Marxist critical theory, the Frankfurt School inherited and developed Marxism from various perspectives. Horkheimer's theory was articulated as a >Critical theory<; Adorno put forward a discursive method of negation with continuous negation as the core; Marcuse combined the ideas of Heidegger, Hegel, Freud and Marx to make a powerful critique of contemporary capitalist society and Soviet Marxism; Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to put forward new categories such as >social character<. Fromm regarded Marxism as an anthropology and combined it with psychoanalysis to propose new categories such as >social character< and tried to reveal the micro mechanisms of the interaction between the economic base and the superstructure; Habermas, based on the critical absorption of historical materialism, used the explanatory framework of his interaction theory to put forward the theory of the interaction between subjects as the basic driving force of social development. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Huinan T1 - 論禪宗公案中的矛盾與不可說 [On the Contradiction and the Unspeakable in Zen Koans] JF - 國立臺灣大學哲學論評 [National Taiwan University Philosophy Review], Vol. 9 (1986), pp. 139-153. N2 - There are three types of Ch’an kung-an that often bewilder Buddhologists; namely, (1) the contradictory, (2) the inexpressible, and (3) mixture of the two. D. T. Suzuki and the scholars influenced by him, for example, E. Fromm, think that these three types of kung-an imply the truth realized by Ch’an masters, the truth which goes beyond daily language and logic. However, as the author points out, there are two traditions in Ch’an School: (1) the >Buddha-nature< tradition based on the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra, and (2) the prajna tradition based on the Diamond Sūtra. Suzuki and Fromm’s interpretation only emphasizes the first tradition and ignores the second one. According to the second tradition, the contradiction and inexpressibility of kung-an may seem to indicate the truth of non-existence-śūnyatā, not necessarily indicating the truly existing >Buddha-nature<. Y1 - 1986 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yan, Yan T1 - The Concept of >Human Nature< in the Eastern European Neo-Marxist Perspective – A Review of Marcuse's Interpretation of Marx's Concept of >Human Nature< [东欧新马克思主义视域中的>人的本质<概念——评马尔库什对马克思>人的本质<概念的解读] JF - Social Sciences Abroad [国外社会科学], No. 1 (2013), pp. 27-35. N2 - 本文聚焦于东欧新马克思主义理论家马尔库什对马克思>人的本质<概念的解读。在《马克思主义与人类学》中,马尔库什试图将马克思的>人的本质<概念与历史概念缝合在一起,进而阐明马克思的唯物史观。在有效区分>人的本性>和>人的本质<的基础上,他剖析了>人的本质<概念的三个要素:劳动、社会性和意识,并揭示出人的本质不是一切时代每个人类个体所必然具备的特性的总和,而是人类的真实的历史存在的那些特性,即自由、普遍性和主体性的实现。马尔库什对马克思>人的本质<概念的解读,秉承了卢卡奇人道主义马克思主义的基本思路,同时又有效避免了弗洛姆和阿尔都塞的理论缺陷,在一定程度上超越了西方马克思主义理论家的基本理路,对我们深入理解马克思思想具有重要的参考价值。 N2 - This paper focuses on Eastern European Neo-Marxist theorist Marcuse's interpretation of Marx's concept of >human essence<. In Marxism and Anthropology, Marcuse attempts to stitch together Marx's concept of >human essence< and the concept of history, and thus clarify Marx's materialistic view of history. On the basis of the effective distinction between >human nature< and >human essence<, he analyzes the three elements of the concept of >human essence<: labor, sociality, and consciousness, and reveals that human essence is not the sum of the characteristics that every individual human being necessarily possesses in all times, but those characteristics of the real historical existence of human beings, namely, freedom, universality, and the realization of subjectivity. Marcuse's interpretation of Marx's concept of >human essence< follows the basic idea of Lukács' humanistic Marxism, while effectively avoiding the theoretical defects of Fromm and Althusser, and to a certain extent transcends the basic theories of Western Marxist theorists. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xue, Han T1 - An Interpretation of Alienation in >More Die of Heartbreak< from the Perspective of Fromm’s Humanism, Master thesis, World Literature, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China 2023 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - As a master of American literature and a representative writer of academic school in the 20th century, Saul Bellow revealed the spiritual crisis encountered by intellectuals and reflected the spiritual emptiness of people in the social background of moral decline and materialistic desire. >More Die of Heartbreak< is a novel written by Bellow during his latter period of creation. The novel shows the complicated contemporary love, marriage, family condition and the alienated society that is trapped by money, consumerism, and sex. In this thesis, Erich Fromm’s humanism is used to deeply interpret the embodiments, causes, and salvation of alienation in >More Die of Heartbreak<.– The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces Saul Bellow, >More Die of Heartbreak<, research status at home and abroad, alienation and humanistic theory.– Chapter two interprets the embodiments of alienation in >More Die of Heartbreak<, including self-alienation, interpersonal alienation, and alienation between people and society.– Chapter three explores the causes of alienation. Firstly, self-alienation is mainly caused by receptive character, irrational need for relatedness, and alienated way to satisfy relatedness. Secondly, causes of interpersonal alienation mainly include morbidity and liberation of sex, nonproductive character orientation, the impact of pragmatism and the contradiction of different cultures. Thirdly, consumers’ morbid desire for sign value and the media with negative guidance also lead to alienation between human and society.– Chapter four explores how to overcome alienation. Firstly, it expounds that Benn and Kenneth overcome self-alienation through self-improvement. Secondly, individuals can overcome loneliness and rebuild harmonious interpersonal relationships under the salvation of love. Finally, the being mode of existence advocated by Fromm is helpful for individuals to overcome the influence of social alienation and reshape harmony between man and society.– The last chapter is the conclusion, which points out that although contemporary westerners are troubled by alienation, people can still resist alienation through self-improvement, love, and choosing the being mode of existence. It is significant to overcome alienation in a materialistic society from the perspective of humanism. While exploring the embodiments, causes, and solutions of alienation in >More Die of Heartbreak<, this thesis hopes to raise people’s concern about the elimination of alienation and provide enlightenment on how to overcome alienation. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 7/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Shijie T1 - On the Theme of Alienation in Mrs. Gaskell’s >Mary Barton<, Master thesis, World literature, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2020 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - Mrs. Elizabeth Gaskell is considered to be one of the most influential British female writers in the 19th century, whose works are famous for reflecting the labor conflicts between the bourgeoisie and the working class, such as >Mary Barton<, >North and South<, >Ruth<, and so on. Mrs. Gaskell published her first novel >Mary Barton< in 1848. Taking the British Chartist Movement and the worker's strike as its background, the novel which has high realistic value profoundly describes the real social life and ideological situation of the workers in Manchester under the oppression of capitalists. In the 19th century, in terms of the English literature which reflects the daily life of the working class vividly and carefully, the achievements of this novel are incomparable with any other works. In recent years, with the rise of western feminism and the emergence of some criticisms of literary and cultural which focus on the social historical background, the classic novel >Mary Barton< has aroused people‘s interests and attentions again. Taking Mrs. Gaskell‘s >Mary Barton< as the research object, on the basis of Fromm‘s alienation theory, this thesis explains the theme of alienation in the novel.– The thesis consists of three parts including introduction, main body, and conclusion. The introduction part mainly presents the life of Mrs. Gaskell, the principal content of >Mary Barton<, as well as the literature review and thesis statement. The main body of this thesis is composed of five chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the origin and development of alienation theory, especially the main contents of Fromm‘s alienation theory, including man‘s self-alienation, the alienation between man and man, and the alienation between man and nature. The second chapter analyzes the self-alienation of the characters in the novel, mostly including Mary‘s absurd view of love, John‘s twisted character, and Old Carson‘s vulgar view of interest, etc, which reveal the far-reaching impact of self-alienation on the characters, and ultimately lead to the tragic endings of these characters. The third chapter discusses the alienation between man and man from the aspects of family and work relations in the novel. The fourth chapter expounds the alienation between man and nature, that is, the opposite relationships between man and nature in the novel. On the one hand, the two metropolises of Manchester and London are gradually declining due to human activities. On the other hand, the disease outbreaks and the depletion of natural resources also have an indelible impact on people‘s lives. The fifth chapter explains the main reasons of the alienation in >Mary Barton<, which are the influence of the Chartist Movement, the rule of class consciousness and rights consciousness, the prevalence of egoism and the spread of Anthropocentrism. The conclusion part makes the summary of this thesis and briefly introduces the significance. Based on the analysis of the specific alienated images of characters in the novel, this thesis discusses the essence of alienation of human nature and estrangement of interpersonal relationship in capitalist society described by Mrs. Gaskell, and sparks thoughts about the nature of human, the relationships between man and nature and the relationships between people in contemporary society, which will further strengthen the confidence in building a healthy and harmonious society. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 4/2023] Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Linlin A1 - Zhang, Sihui T1 - Ethical Exploration of Short Video Alienation from the Perspective of Technology Humanization [技术人道化视域下的短视频异化问题伦理探究] N2 - 网络时代的信息化发展,使短视频APP成为人们日常娱乐的重要途径。短视频APP在给人们带来多种文化产品的同时也带来了一系列问题,如短视频制作及使用主体的异化,短视频技术及平台的异化、尤其是网络主体在异化技术的驱使下逐渐迷失自我等问题。文章从弗洛姆的人道主义视角出发,探讨了短视频技术所带来的异化问题,并提出了良性自我意识培养和建立合理机制等治理方法。 N2 - The development of information technology in the network era has made short video App an important way for people's daily entertainment. While bringing a variety of cultural products to people, short video app also brings a series of problems, such as the alienation of short video production and use subjects, the alienation of short video technology and platform, and especially the gradual loss of self driven by the alienation technology of online subjects. From Fromm's humanistic perspective, the article discusses the alienation brought about by short video technology and proposes ways to deal with it, such as cultivating a benign self-awareness and establishing a rational mechanism. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 1/2022] Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Jin T1 - Happiness and Moral Education, Starting with Filial Piety [幸福德育,孝心入手] JF - New Head Teacher [新班主任], No. 6 (2016), p. 47. N2 - 说到孝心,有的中学生误认为,孝心就是能考出好成绩,孝心是长大以后才操心的事情,或者,孝心就是给父母物质享受——这些其实都是对孝心的误解。作为教育工作者,该如何对中学生进行正确的孝心教育指导,并以此为基础来创建幸福德育呢?呼吁学生尊重生命我认为,在教导学生如何尽孝时,最主要的一点就是告诉他们要尊重自己的生命。弗洛姆曾说:>尊重生命,尊重他人也尊重自己的生命,是生命进程中 …< N2 - When it comes to filial piety, some middle school students mistakenly believe that filial piety means being able to get good grades in exams, that filial piety is something to worry about only when they grow up, or that filial piety means giving material benefits to their parents – these are actually misconceptions about filial piety. As an educator, how should we provide correct filial piety education guidance to middle school students, and use this as a basis to create a happy moral education? To appeal to students to respect life, I think that when teaching students how to be filial piety, the most important point is to tell them to respect your own life. Fromm once said: >Respect for life, respect for others and respect for one's own life, is the process of life ...< [Translation: www.DeepL./Translator, free version, 5/2023] Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Jie A1 - Li, Chunlin T1 - Fromm’s Escape from Freedom Theory [论弗洛姆的逃避自由思想] JF - Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University [哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报ersity], No. 5 (2023), pp. 1-6. N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] Fromm analyzed the spiritual predicament of modern people after the two World Wars through the combination of Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis, and pointed out that the spontaneous individualization had to be subject to social conditions, resulting in the gap between positive freedom and negative freedom. In order to escape the burden brought by such negative freedom, people would rather lose their freedom than gain security and survival. In modern society, there is a common psychology of escape from freedom, which presents different forms of expression, and eventually results in totalitarianism and unsound society. Fromm tried to eliminate the ills of modern society by finding a way to realize positive freedom. The escape from freedom emphasized by Fromm is a prominent manifestation of modernity. At present, in the background of modernization and globalization, through the critical thinking of Fromm’s thought of escape from freedom, it is still enlightening and useful for the development of Chinese modernization to pursue and surpass this kind of modernity. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 12/2023] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Hanyu T1 - The Study of Fromm’s Ideas on Sane Society, Master thesis, Philosophy, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China 2023 [doi.org/10.27441/d.cnki.gyzdu.2023.002580] N2 - [Chinese abstract not available] As a contemporary psychoanalyst and philosopher, Fromm devoted his life to researching how to heal the mentally ill in contemporary society and to uncovering the root causes of people’s sicknesses in capitalist society. He tried to explain, what is the nature of human beings, what are human needs and the causes of human pathological alienation, etc. Unlike the one-sided criticism of other thinkers on political and economic aspects, Fromm analyzed the causes of the sickness of Western capitalist society from the internal to the external environment, from the individual to the group, from the individual to the society, from the primitive society to the historical class change, from the aspects of man and others, man and nature, man and society, and man and himself, and built a blueprint of a sane society. He pointed out the need to make a sane society a reality through the simultaneous implementation of a political, economic, and psychological revolution.– This paper is a re-investigative analysis of Fromm’s idea of sane society, divided into four parts. The first part, to sort out the background and ideological origins of Fromm’s sane society theory. In the second part, we analyze the logical structure of Fromm’s sane society theory, analyze the nature of human beings, the dichotomy of human existence, human survival needs, and human social needs, and focus on the problem of mental alienation arising from the suppression of human survival needs, the social character as an intermediary between individuals and society, and the root cause of the alienation of social character, and make a presentation of the pathological personality and pathological society presented by the alienation. The presentation is based on this. On this basis, Fromm’s vision of economic change, political change, and cultural change and his strategies for practice are discussed. The last section analyzes the theoretical orientation of sane social thought and its practical implications for contemporary society. It is not difficult to find from Fromm’s sane social thought that his thought is very distinctly humanistic. By thinking about human nature and how to forge a healthy personality, combining Freud’s psychoanalytic doctrine with Marx’s theory of anthropology and the theory of labor alienation, he formed his unique theoretical system, the humanistic psychoanalysis. His concern for the mental health of all human beings and his pursuit of the >free development of all human beings< are in line with the core values of the comprehensive development of the state under the current conditions of socialist market economy, which are people-oriented and have great inspiration and practical guidance on how to solve social problems. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2024] Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Han T1 - Alienated Society, Confused Little People – A Study of >Rabbit, Run< from the Perspective of Alienation Theory [异化的社会,迷惘的小人物——异化理论视角下的《兔子,跑吧》探究] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - English Square [期刊导航], No. 18 (2023), pp.72-75. N2 - 《兔子,跑吧》是厄普代克>兔子四部曲<中的第一部,主要讲述了不堪忍受平庸的生活以及家庭琐事的青年男性哈利想要逃脱原本生活的束缚,最后却又无法挣脱自己精神枷锁的故事。本文从弗洛姆的异化理论入手,从男女关系的异化与人与自我的异化两方面主题对《兔子,跑吧》探讨,指出异化是时代背景下政治经济地位不平等而演化出的不满导致的。唯有用爱,才能克服异化,消除社会的异化。 N2 - >Rabbit, Run< is the first book in Updike's >Rabbit Tetralogy<, which mainly tells the story of Harry, a young male who is unable to bear the mediocrity of his life and the trivialities of his family and wants to escape from his original life, but in the end, he is unable to break free from his mental shackles. Starting from Fromm's theory of alienation, this paper explores >Rabbit, Run< from the themes of alienation of male-female relationship and alienation of man and self, pointing out that alienation is the result of dissatisfaction evolved from unequal political and economic status in the context of the times. Only with love can we overcome alienation and eliminate social alienation. [www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 7/2023 Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xin, Xiaoming T1 - Multi-dimensional Orientation of >Educational Freedom< from Fromm’s View of Freedom [从弗洛姆的自由观看>教育自由<的多维取向] JF - Learning & Education, Volume 10, Issue 4 (2021). N2 - 自由为人们提供了实现自我的机会和条件。同时,追求自由也是教育的价值诉求和终极理想。积极的教育自由意味着人类精神世界能够以健康、有价值的方式成长。弗洛姆的自由思想在西方学术界具有一定的影响,可以为深入探究教育与自由的关系提供新的理论视角。本文试图结合弗洛姆的自由理论,从认识论、心理学和伦理学三个方面对教育自由进行界定。[Automatic translation from English: www.cnki.net, 4/2022] N2 - Freedom provides people with opportunities and conditions to realize themselves. At the same time, the pursuit of freedom is also the value aspiration and ultimate ideal of education. Positive educational freedom means that the human spiritual world can grow up in a healthy and valuable way. Fromm’s thoughts on freedom have a certain influence in Western academic circles, and can provide a new theoretical perspective for in-depth exploration of the relationship between education and freedom. This paper tries to define educational freedom from epistemology, psychology and ethics in combination with Fromm’s theory of freedom. [Original English: www.cnki.net, 4/2022] Y1 - 2021 ER -